Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SelectiveMassScaling (SMS) PDF
SelectiveMassScaling (SMS) PDF
g( )
Thomas Borrvall
Dynamore Nordic AB
October 2011 LS‐DYNA information 1
Content
• Background
B k d
– Is SMS newsworthy?
• Theory and Implementation
h d l
– Difference between CMS and SMS
– Under the hood
d h h d
– When and how to use SMS
• Recent developments
R td l t
– Rotational SMS
– Supported features
S t df t
• Examples
SMS origins
g
• Lars Olovsson et.al., Selective Mass Scaling for
Explicit Finite Element Analyses, Int. J. Num. Methods
Eng. (2005)
• Implemented in LS‐DYNA for SMP in May 2006
• Supported for MPP in September 2006
• Supported trivial boundary constraints and adaptivity
Supported trivial boundary constraints and adaptivity
• Initially intended for metal forming
• Since then things have evolved…
Explicit Finite Elements
p
1
a n M (f f ) e
n
i
n
2 me
• Stability t min e le min e
max E Ele
Conventional Mass Scalingg
• Augment mass matrix maintaining diagonal structure
me
M m e m e m e I
e n
• Shorter simulation times …so far so good…
Problems with CMS
• Adding diagonal mass affects all eigenmodes equally much
ω/ ω0 ω/ ω0
i i
• In particular rigid body and low frequency modes are affected
p g y q y
• Structure tends to deform in low frequency modes
• Inertia effects put a practical limit to the time step
p p p
SMS idea
• High frequency modes relatively unimportant for
structural response, only limits time step
• Suppress high frequency content and leave low
Suppress high frequency content and leave low
freqency modes unaffected
ω/ ω0 ω/ ω0
i i
• Modify the structure of the added mass matrix to
select affected
affected modes
modes
Selective Mass Scalingg
• Augment mass matrix projecting out rigid body
modes
d ei
me
m T
M m e m e m e I eiei
e n i
• For rigid body mode, no inertia is added
g y ,
e e j ij
T
i m e e i 0
• Time step increase the same as with CMS
Time step increase the same as with CMS
Example
p
• 3D membrane
• Projecting out translational rigid body modes only
e1 1 0 0 e 2 0 1 0 e 3 0 0 1
T T T
3 1 1 1
m4
me 1 1 3 1 1
m e m4 m4
4 4 1 1 3 1
m 4
1 1 1 3
• Generalization to other elements straightforward
• This is the default SMS scheme
Thi i th d f lt SMS h
Usage
g
*CONTROL_TIMESTEP
DT2MS
IMSCL RMSCL
• SMS can be applied to entire model (IMSCL=1) or a part set (‐
pp ( ) p (
IMSCL is part set ID)
• Rotational mass scaling activated by RMSCL
Tip‐loaded cantilever
p
(A) No mass scaling
scaling,
(B) Conventional mass scaling
(C) Selective mass scaling
Deep draw
p
No mass scaling Selective mass scaling
22 min
i 6 sec 1 min
i 50 sec
Energy balance
E b l –
no mass scaling
Energy balance –
selective mass scaling
Problem #1 with SMS
• Mass matrix not diagonal, requires solution of linear
system of equations Ma f
• Solved using a Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG)
g j g ( )
with Jacobi preconditioner
• Linear convergence, number of iterations depends on
Linear convergence, number of iterations depends on
condition number of system matrix M
t new
niter ~ (M ) ~ t
t tCPU ~ N t SMS tother
th
titer ~ N
t new
• Saturation in CPU time, manifested in large problems
SMS on Adaptive Fender
p
Time step
Ti 1 5 10 15 20
Speedup 1 1.88 2.13 2.06 1.58
Modelling recommendations
g
• Apply SMS to critical parts that require fine
pp y p q
mesh
– Spotwelds
p
– Bolts
– Steering wheel
Steering wheel
– Adhesive bondings
• Choose time step with care
Ch ti t ith
– Beyond some value nothing is gained, only inertia
i dd d
is added
– Problem dependent, trial and error
Problem #2 with SMS
a aI aD ~ T ~
Ca I C f Ma C
~T
C
M
a D Ca I a C MI
fI
• Each constraint imposed directly on accelerations
must be individually treated
must be individually treated
– Boundary prescribed motion
– Boundary SPC
Boundary SPC
– Adaptivity
– Rigid bodies (including nodal rigid bodies)
Rigid bodies (including nodal rigid bodies)
– Rigid walls
– Tied contact
Tied contact
– …
Planar rigid walls
g
• Implemented March 2009
p
Tied contacts
• Implemented October 2010
Peak buckling force
g
NCAC Neon model
1056383 quad shells
130 b
beams
2852 solids
1 contact for the entire model
Termination time 00.080
080 secs
Timestep 3.618e-6 secs
Ascii and binary outputs
disabled.
disabled
Pre-decomposed with 1cpu
23
NCAC Neon model
24
NCAC Neon model
25
Geometric rigid walls
Geometric rigid walls
• Implemented June 2011
p
Rotational SMS
• Include rotational rigid body modes in
p j
projection of added mass matrix
• Further reduce inertia for problems involving
rotations
• Coupled dimensions makes the scheme CPU
intensive
• Practical use remains to be seen
Practical use remains to be seen
Rotational SMS
Rotational SMS
Selective
No mass scaling
mass scaling