CHAPTER 1: THE BEGINNING

LESSON 1: BIG BANG THEORY

At the end of the lesson, students are expected to;

 give evidence of Big Bang Theory;
 explain the formation of light and heavy
elements alongside the formation of stars
and its evolution;
 describe how elements heavier than iron are
formed.
BIG BANG THEORY
 Modern physicists turn to big bang theory to explain the
origin of the universe. This is idea was first proposed by a
Belgian priest Georges Lemaitre who claimed that the
universe may have begun from a primordial atom.
 Discoveries is an astronomy and physics have shown
beyond a reasonable doubt that our universe did have a
beginning.
 According to the standard theory our universe sprang into
existence as singularity around 13.7 billion years ago.
 The universe continues to expand and cool to this day and
we are inside of it incredible creatures living on a unique
planet circling a beautiful star clustered together with
several years.
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT

The BIG BANG THEORY

developed from observations
of the structure of the
Universe and from
theoretical considerations.
 ALBERT EINSTEIN (1879-1955)

 In 1915, Einstein predicted

that the universe is expanding
and he came up with 10 field
equations to support his
general theory of relativity
ALEXANDER FRIEDMANN (1888-1925)

 10 Years later, Friedmann a

Russian cosmologist and
mathematician read Einstein’s
work but thought the
cosmological constant
was wrong.
EDWIN HUBBLE (1889-1953)

 In 1924, Hubble’s
measurement
of the great distance to the
nearest spiral nebulae
showed that these systems
were indeed other galaxies.
Problems with the
Big Bang Theory
It violates the first law of thermodynamics, which
says you can't create or destroy matter or energy.
Critics claim that the big bang theory suggests the
universe began out of nothing.
Some critics say that the formation
of stars and galaxies violates the law of entropy,
which suggests systems of change become less
organized over time. But if you view the early
universe as completely homogeneous and
isotropic, then the current universe shows signs of
obeying the law of entropy.
 Some astrophysicists and cosmologists
argue that scientists have misinterpreted
evidence like the redshift of celestial
bodies and the cosmic microwave
background radiation.
 he early inflationary period of the big
bang appears to violate the rule that
nothing can travel faster than the speed
of light.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!!!

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