Useful Radiography Formulas

EXPOSURE FACTOR HVT(Steel ) of Ir192

= 13.0 mm
Film Density
Thickness HVT ( Lead ) of IR 192
(mm) = 5.5 mm
2.00 2.50
3.175 0.072 0.091 HVT ( Concrete) of IR 192
6.350 0.082 0.110 = 43.0 mm

9.525 0.099 0.130

Radioactive Isotope Decay Formula
12.700 0.125 0.150
15.880 0.150 0.180 Cp = Co / 2n
19.050 0.180 0.210
22.230 0.200 0.250 Where:
n = t 74.4 days
25.400 0.240 0.295 t = no. of days
28.575 0.280 0.350 Cp = Curies after t number of days
Co = Original Curies
31.750 0.340 0.410 74.4 days = Half life of IR 192
34.925 0.390 0.495
38.100 0.465 0.595
41.275 0.557 0.702 Safe Distance Formula
44.450 1.650 0.810
SD = Curie x 130 x 37 meters
47.625 0.777 1.030
7.5
50.800 0.905 1.250
Geometrical Un-sharpness
Exposure Time = [EF x D2( inch) x FF]
Curies Ug = Focal size x Material Thickness
Where: Distance

EF = Exposure Factor Max. Req’d = 0.020 inch or 0.503 mm.

D = Distance in inches
FF = Film Factor
Inverse Square Law
Agfa D7 I 1 D1 2 = I 2 D2 2
FF = 1
Kodak MX
FF = 2.5
Exposure Time - Distance Relationship

Half Value Thickness T 1 D2 2 = T 2 D1 2

I = IO
2n
Curie – Exposure Time Relationship
Where:
C1 T 1 = C 2 T 2
Io = Initial Intensity
I = Second Intensity
n = number of HVT
Conversion Factors
Tenth Value Thickness
1.0 Curie = 37 Gbq = 37 x 10 12 Bq
I = IO 1.0 Gray = 100 Rads
10 n 1.0 Sv = 100 Rems
Where:

Io = Initial Intensity Output @ 1.0 meter IR 192

I = Second Intensity
n = number of TVT = 0.48 R/hr/ Ci

Alternative HVT Formula = 130 microSv/hr/GBq

No. of HVT = Log I – Log Io
Log 2