EXERCISE 1

i
Calculate the pH of a solution that is composed of 0.400M in formic acid IHCOOH ) and 1. ON in sodium

ppg ppg y f µ formate ( Natl COO ) Given . that the Ka for H COOH =
1.80×10-4

Formic Acid IHCOOH ) →

weak acid

ROLE G sodium formate ( Natl COO ) →

→
salt in nature

composed of
,

anion
source

t
of
cation
conjugate base when it dissolves in water

÷i÷ ÷:÷ i÷:÷:÷ ÷ ÷ :

'"

iii.iii.
the equation should always be balanced

so that we can figure out the correct

"""

iiiiiitiiie
"

""
1. O M 1. ON
-
l: l ratio .

[ Q 12/1/11 This reaction is important

•
'
write the weak acid first
as it helps
then water Use
visualize how

. a double
the two buffer components interact in solution
headed arrow ( signifies the reaction attains equilibrium)
.

then write the hydro ni um ion then the conjugate base

WA CB
HCOOH can Hallie , ¥ Hzotiaa , H COO lag )
-

t t

•
Write the Henderson -

Hassel batch equation I

working equation )

IA I
-

pH p Kat log 1¥ TO solve for pH we need the value of the pka

-
-
.

We can solve it from the value of Ka .

I I Itn mist )
-

H COO → 1. O M

pH
:

pKa t
tog Ets o . 400Mt given

"

JD l µ
:
to solve for pKa

pKa : -

log ka
p ka log ( 1.8×10-4 )
→
given
-
-
-

-3.74
pKa
-

Substituting all values in the HH equation

¥07
PH pKa log
: +
IHIOOHI

pH log t.to#
t
:
3.74

10.400 MI

ANSWER It
Effective Buffering Range
:

pH pKa I 1
:

3.74 I 1
pH
:

RANGE 2.74 -

4.74
 EXERCISE 2

i
Pff 0/31 [ µ Calculate
Given that
the

Kb
pH of

for NH z
a solution that is
:
1.75 x IO
-
5
composed of 0.200M in ammonia

Kw
-
-

1. O X N
- ' 4
( MHz ) and 0.300M in ammonium chloride IN that .

R Dl E ) Ammonia IN th )
→
weak base

Ammonium chloride INthat →

salt ; source of the conjugate acid

-
Dissociation :

0.300 M CA 0.300M
-

Nth Cl is , NH 4 tag, t Cl lag ,

\
w
l : l ratio

0.300 M as well

f- Q RH N OH lag , NH ytcag ,
-

NH 3 lag I t Ha Ole , # t

working Equation
IBI
pH :
pKa +
log ( BHT)

PH
'
t log YYtI÷
I
can be solved using Ka
Ka Kw Ka Kb
using Kb x
=
→ can be solved

JOIN - ka the

÷÷÷÷÷÷Ji:÷÷÷
:

Kb :* .
.

"

Substituting all values in the HH equation .

lNH#
PH :
pka + log INHy ]
t

10.200Mt
PH
'
9.24 t log 10.300M ]

A NINER pH 9. of
:

Effective Butter ring Range

t t
pH pKa
-
-

pH :
9.24 I 1
8. 24 -

10.24
 EXERCISE 3

i
f)µ f) }/ ( [ µ Calculate the amount in grams of kHz P 04 ( MW 136.09 glmol ) and Ks HP 04 l MW 174.20 glmol ) needed to
-
:

prepare
-

buffer with final volume of of 74 6.3×10-8 Desire M

-

a a 500 ml and pH .
The ka of th Poy is .
:
0.100 M

( HP042 ]
-

pH :

pKa 109 ftp.

:: :i:÷÷÷
t

" ""o
÷:÷÷÷:÷÷i
.

: I th poi t

annoying ftp.nopgi.tl "

)
lHP0 d
-

.
lo
.

l Hip oil

fHPOI
"%"" "I :÷::::m:÷t÷:::;:
Ratio of the base to the acid component
(B
.

* ithpoii

JD ( N
:
to solve for the solutes

)
M
molgs.io#-lmaYnsmowte
-
-

M: masssolute
MM X Vi

-
masssowH=MxMM

mass of K Ha PO 4 M x MM x Vi
acid
Cuomo# f " "' ""
I #)
I. 1. 63 grams
'm so

mass of K2 HP 04
=
M x MM x Vi

fo nom
# If Havana ) forsooth ftp.T.is)
-
-

5.349rad
=

PREP 1

2
.

.
Using
Add a
a top loading balance weigh
small amount
,

of distilled water
each salt in

,
just enough
a

to
small beaker or container

dissolve the salts wmplelely

.

3 Then transfer the solution 500 ml volumetric flask

. .
quantitatively in a

voetiatea
ifeng.mn:7#wa7ningthif
after pouring the solution any traces of solute remaining

4. Add more distilled water

Flask . Do this several times to ensure that all traces of

solute have been transferred .