PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

Self concept. Refers to your awareness of yourself.

Two categories

Ideal self. Is the self that you aspire to be.

Actual self. Is the one that you actually see.

Self-knowledge. Is derived ... social attraction that provide insight into how others react to you.

Self-image. It is also our actual self.

Negotiation. That exist between two selves which is complex because there are numerous exchanges
between the ideal self and actual self.

Social Roles. Exchanges that exemplified and that and that are adjusted and re-adjusted and are
derived from outcomes of social interactions from infant to adult development.

Incongruence. If your actual self and ideal self are not aligned, will result in mental distress or anxiety.

Personal Effectiveness. Making use of all personal resources—talents, skills, energy, and time, to enable
you to achieve life goals.

Self-aware. Most of our strengths learning ... skills and techniques and behavioural flexibility are all keys
to improving your personal performance.

Experiences. Includes knowledge and skills that we acquire in the process of ... and practical activities.

1. Determination. It ... you to focus only on achieving a specific goal without being distracted by less
important things or spontaneous desires.

2. Self-confidence. It happens in the process of personal development as a result of getting aware of

yourself, your actions and their consequences.

3. Persistence. It makes you keep moving forward regardless of emerging abstraction – problems,
laziness, bad emotional state, etc.

4. Managing Stress. It helps combat stress that arises in daily life from the environment and other
people.

5. Problem-solving skills. They help cope with the problems encountered with a lack of experience.

6. Creativity. It allows you to find extraordinary ways to carry out a specific actions that no one has
tried to use.
7. Generating Ideas. It helps you achieve goals using new, original, unconventional ideas. Idea is a
mental image of an object formed by the human mind, which can be changed before implemented in
the real world.

3 Kinds of People in the World

Moviegoer. This person watches the movie of their lives, admires some parts and criticizes others.

Actor. This person does not only watch the movie of her life. She actually realizes she’s the actor – and
can control a big part of her life.

Scriptwriter. This person does not only watch, and she doesn’t only act, but she actually creates the
entire movie from her mind.

Developmental Stage

1. Pre-Natal. Age when hereditary endowments and sex are fixed and all body features, both external
and internal are developed.

2. Infancy. Foundation age when basic behaviour are organized and ontogenetic maturation skills are
developed.

3. Early Childhood. Pre-gang age exploratory and questioning.

4. Late Childhood. Going and creativity age when self help skills, social skills, school skills, and play are
developed.

5. Adolescence. Transition age from childhood to adulthood when sex maturation and rapid physical
development occur resulting to changes in way of feeling, thinking, and acting.

6. Early Adulthood. Age of adjustment to new patterns of life and roles such as spouse, parent and
bread winner.

7. Middle Age. Transition age when adjustment to initial physical and mental decline are experienced

8. Old Age. Retirement age when increasingly rapid physical and mental decline are experienced.

PHILOSOPHY

Philosophy. The study or discipline that uses human reason to investigate the ultimate causes, reasons,
and principles which govern all things.
Love of Wisdom. The meaning of Greek term for philosophy, philosophia.

Sense of Wonder. Greek philosopher Plato believes that philosophy is brought about by man’s sense of
wonder.

Karl Jaspers. He believes that person engage in Philosophy in order to make sense of difficult life
experiences.

Doubt. Rene Descartes considers this as a reason why people philosophize.

Framework. It refers to a way of thinking about the world and is made up of a person’s views and
beliefs.

Internal questions. These are questions that are examine personal ideas regarding correctness and
values.

External questions. It is an activity that requires a person to examine his or her thoughts, feelings, and
actions and learn from experience.

Holistic thinking. It is a perspective that considers the “bigger picture” when looking at problems and
situations.

Partial thinking. It is a perspective that focuses on specific aspects of a situation.

Knowledge. It is the clear awareness and understanding of something.

Facts. These are statements which are observed to be real or truthful.

Claim. These are statements which need to be examined to determine whether they are true or false.

Conclusion. This is a judgement based on certain facts.

Beliefs. This are statements that express convictions that are not easily explained by facts.

Explanations. These are statements that assume a claim is true and provide reasons to support them.

Arguments. This is a series of statements that provide reasons to convince a person that a claim or
opinion is truthful,

Fallacies. These are arguments based on faulty reasoning.

Bias. These are tendencies or influences that affect the views of people.

Human Being. This term refers to man as a species and distinguishes man from other animals.

Person. This refers to the totality of an individual who possesses awareness, self-determination, and the
capacity to interact with others.

Self. This refers to an individual who is actively aware that he or she is perceiving experiencing reality.

Interiority. This refers to the ability of the person to experience an “inner world” that is deg=fines be
personal thoughts and ideas.

Self-determination. This is the capability to act and to be aware of one’s action.

Free will. This enables the person to act whenever he or she wants to and makes self-determination
possible.

Externality. This is the capability to reach out and interact with others and the world.

Dignity. This is the inherent value of a person which cannot be expressed in quantifiable terms.

Spirit. This is the intangible element that enables us to exercise thoughts, possess awareness, and reach
out to the outside world and others.

Transcendence. This is the ability to surpass limits.

WORLD LITERATURE

*ON YOUR NOTES*