UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCES

Academic Unit 2
Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science & Engineering)
Biology For Engineers 20SZ148

INTRODUCTION
DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
By Dr. Ashish Kumar Chowdhary
 SYLLABUS-
BIOLOGY FOR ENGINEERS (20SZT148)

Basic Cell Biology

 Living Organisms, Cells and Cell theory, Cell Structure

and Function, Genetic information

UNIT-I  Protein Synthesis and Protein Structure, Cell Growth,

Cell Division and Differentiation

 Aging, Apoptosis, Stem Cell Biology and Tissue

Engineering

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 SYLLABUS-
BIOLOGY FOR ENGINEERS (20SZT148)

Uses of Biology in Engineering

• Medical Instrumentation and Techniques- Electrocardiogram (ECG),

Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electro Myogram (EMG), Magnetic
Resonance Imaging- Principles of MRI, X-ray.

• Biosensors- Chemoreceptors, Hot and Cold receptors, Baroreceptors,

UNIT-II Sensors for Smell, Sound, Vision, Osmolality and Taste. Transducers.

• Recombinant DNA Technology- Vectors, Types of Vectors, BAC,

YAC, DNA Fingerprinting, PCR Electrophoresis Blotting Technique,
Chromatography.

• Immunology-Innate, Adaptive, Lymphiod Organs, Types of cell

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 SYLLABUS-
BIOLOGY FOR ENGINEERS (20SZT148)

Uses of Software

• Enzymes and Industrial Application- Enzymes: Biological

catalysts, Proteases, Carbonic anhydrase, Restriction enzymes
and Nucleoside monophosphate kinases-Photosynthesis

UNIT-III • Nervous System- Neuron Structure, PNS, CNS, Action potential

• Bioinformatics-Introductory Bioinformatics, BLAST, FASTA,

Data mining

• Disease – HIV, Corona Virus, Diabetes, Cancer

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COURSE OBJECTIVE
 This subject is designed to impart
fundamental knowledge on basic and
emerging fields of biology like
bioinformatics.

 It is designed to impart knowledge that

how to apply basics of biology in
engineering.
https://www.technologynetworks.com/informatics/blog/how-automation-can-give-
bioengineering-a-boost-335758

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COURSE OUTCOME
CO Title Level
Number

CO1 To apply knowledge of cell biology to identify, Remember

formulate, and solve problems.
CO2 To excel in career as researcher in both Understand
traditional and emerging fields of science.
CO3 To apply knowledge of molecular biology, Understand
biosensors and immunology to excel in areas
such as entrepreneurship, medicine, Will be covered in this
government, and education.
lecture
CO4 To think critically and creatively, especially Understand
about the use knowledge about biology of
cancer and new areas of biology to address
local and global problems. https://specials-images.forbesimg.com/imageserve/1034901762/960x0.jpg?fit=scale
 UNIT 1

Unit 1 (15 hours)

Chapter No.1
Basic Cell Biology 9 Hours
• Introduction: Living Organisms, Cells and Cell theory, Cell Structure and Function, Genetic
information, Protein Synthesis, and Protein Structure.

Chapter No. 2
Cell cycle & Tissue Engineering 6 hours
• Cell Growth, Cell Division and Differentiation. Ageing, Apoptosis, Stem Cell Biology and Tissue
Engineering

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 BIOLOGY FOR ENGINEERS
(INTRODUCTION)

• Biological engineering, or bioengineering/bio-engineering, is the application of

principles of biology and the tools of engineering to create usable, tangible,
economically viable products.

• In general, biological engineers (or biomedical engineers) attempt to either mimic

biological systems to create products or modify and control biological systems so
that they can replace, augment, sustain, or predict chemical and mechanical
processes.

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 WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW BIOLOGY

 To find solutions to challenges, that face mankind

 Biology is us, we are all biological creatures

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 USE OF BIOLOGY IN ENGINEERING

BIOENGINEERING IS RICHLY COLLABORATIVE

AND INTERDISCIPLINARY

Bioengineering focuses on integrative applications and

solves problems left unanswered by engineering and
physical/life science disciplines.

https://bioe.uw.edu/academic-programs/about-bioengineering/
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BIO-INSPIRED TECHNOLOGIES

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Aircraft Wing Design: Inspired by Birds and Bats

https://blog.privatefly.com/how-animals-inspire-aircraft-design
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 Dolphin Inspired Fully Submergible Watercraft

https://www.thisiswhyimbroke.com/dolphin-power-boat/

https://www.core77.com/posts/10446/Dolphin-Inspired-Fully-Submergible-Watercraft 13
 Engineering A Biologically Inspired, Soft Orthotic Device

 Recently, a group of researchers at

Harvard University developed an
innovative, anatomically designed device
that could help rehabilitate patients
suffering from ankle and foot disorders.

 Unlike traditional exoskeletons, which

are rigid and restrict full range-of-
motion, this prototype incorporates a
unique combination of soft materials,
sensors, pneumatic artificial muscles
(PAMs), and control software to provide
support and allow for natural movement. https://www.meddeviceonline.com/doc/engineering-a-biologically-inspired-soft-orthotic-
device-0001

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 Lung on a Chip

 Produced by the team at Harvard’s Wyss

Institute for Biologically Inspired
Engineering it is, in essence, “a new in
vitro approach to drug screening by
mimicking the complicated mechanical
and biochemical behaviours of a human
lung”.

 It combines microfabrication techniques

with modern tissue engineering to give
all the “biological complexity of your
lungs distilled onto a computer chip”.

https://inspirationalgeek.wordpress.com/tag/wyss-institute-for-biologically-inspired-
engineering/

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Biorobots based on the physiology and methods of locomotion of animals include Bionic
Kangaroo which moves like a kangaroo, saving energy from one jump and transferring it to its
next jump.

https://www.design-engineering.com/festo-bionickangaroo-gets-a-jump-on-hannover-messe-
131351/14-mar-festo-bionickangaroo-cycle/
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Biorobots: based on the physiology and methods of locomotion of animals

[Stem cells] Make "first living robot" from frog stem cells. The living
programmable organism robot, the Xenobot, is a robot that can move, lift
objects and heal itself even after running.

http://www.blockchainai.kr/client/news/newsView.asp?nIdx=3
4415&nBcate=F1002&nMcate=M1004 17
 Camera: Inspired by Human Eye

https://sites.google.com/site/humaneye12/resume

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/269160515203124420/

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 Pheromone Sensors: Inspired by Ants

https://www.cnet.com/videos/antbot-is-changing-how-robots-get-around/
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Construction and Architecture: Inspired by Human Termites

https://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/magazine/decoder/00000163-4f96-de63-afe7-7fdf708d0000

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 Suction nozzle of vacuum cleaner: inspired by proboscis of flies

https://www.philips.co.ke/c-p/FC8293_01/powergo- https://www.kidcyber.com.au/flies
vacuum-cleaner-with-bag

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Spider web silk is as strong as the Kevlar used in bulletproof vests. Engineers could
in principle use such a material, if it could be reengineered to have a long enough
life, for parachute lines, suspension bridge cables, artificial ligaments for medicine,
and other purposes

https://www.biofuelsdigest.com/bdigest/2018/08/26/u-s-
army-gets-super-strong-spider-silk-bulletproof-panels/
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https://jeb.biologists.org/content/221
/7/jeb138438
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Bio-inspired Design Pedagogy in Engineering

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-17134-6_7

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 SUMMARY

• Biological engineering, or bioengineering/bio-engineering, is the application of

principles of biology and the tools of engineering to create usable, tangible,
economically viable products.

• We need biology to find solutions to challenges, that face mankind.

• Biology is used in different engineering branches

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 APPLICATIONS

• The study of “Biology for Engineers” will pave way for advance studies in the
bioengineering.

• It will help in advance research area.

• It will help in understanding different biological processes.

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YouTube Video Links

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iMtXqTmfta0
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=620omdSZzBs
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RuLAn3XpYAU
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnBkbaFsZOY
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wlaFM7zkJlc

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 REFERENCES

• Gupta, P.K.. Cytology, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Rastogi Publishers, Meerut, 1993.
• Roit I.M., Brostoff J. and Male D. Mosby. Immunology (6 th Edition) by, An imprint of Elsevier Sci Ltd.,
2002.
• https://nptel.ac.in/courses/121/106/121106008/
• https://www.utoledo.edu/engineering/bioengineering/undergrad/prospective/whatisbioe.html#:~:text=Bioengi
neering%20is%20the%20application%20of,health%20care%20and%20other%20fields.
• https://i.pinimg.com/originals/68/c9/30/68c930e95113ceb2e3dfc9de2f164680.png

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 THANK YOU

For queries
Email: ashish.e9796@cumail.in