PRODUCTIVITY [4]:

Most Simply, Productivity is a ratio between output and input.

According to Marsh, Brush (2002) in his article Journal of industrial technology,
productivity is a measure of the efficiency and effectiveness to which
organizational resources (inputs) are utilized for the creation of products
and/or services (outputs).

In the garment manufacturing factory, Output can be taken as

number of pieces manufactured and input can be taken as people, factory
resources, machinery required to make output in given time frame. The
relationship between input and output should be balanced. In an ideal
situation Input should be minimized and output should be maximized.

Higher productivity leads to more number of products from same

number of people in the same time frame. The more number of productions in
a given time frame will lead to less overhead allocation per product, which, in
turn, reduce the cost of each individual item and therefore improves
competitive edge.

Productivity can be expressed in many ways such as labour

productivity, machine productivity or value productivity. These terms can be
defined as –

 Labour Productivity – Total output per labour in a given time frame.

(output in terms of pieces)
 Machine Productivity – Total output per machine in a given time frame.
(output in terms of pieces)
 Value Productivity – Total value of output in a given time frame.

Within a factory, Industrial engineer or factory manager and line

supervisor need to measure total pieces manufactured by operator in a given
time frame, Therefore total production of a line and total labour involved in
producing those pieces is required to calculate labour productivity.