Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Schools Division of Guimaras
District of San Lorenzo South
DOÑA LUCIA C. LOCSIN MEMORIAL SCHOOL

WORKSHEET IN TLE 6 ( AGRICULTURE WEEK 2)

LESSON 2 ELEMENTS TO BE OBSERVED IN PLANTING TREES AND FRUIT-

BEARING TREES
I. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

1.1 Uses technology in the conduct of survey to find out the following:
1.1.1 Elements to be observed in planting trees and fruit bearing trees TLE6AG-0b-2
Lesson Objectives
1. Observe the proper care of plants and soil
2. Differentiate the methods of planting trees
3. Explain how to prepare seeds for planting
4. Discuss the process of seed germination
5. Discuss the preparation of seedlings before transplanting
6. Conduct survey on the elements to be observed in planting trees and fruit bearing trees.

II. REMEMBER!

1. What are the benefits derived from planting trees and fruit bearing trees?
2. How do trees contribute to a healthy and safe environment?

III. What’s New?

Elements to be observed in planting trees and fruit bearing trees

A. Proper Care of Plants and Soil

Proper care of plants and soil is necessary for a healthy and bountiful harvest. Do the
following:
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1. Choose the best place for planting.
Trees and fruit trees require more space for growth than ornamental plants or crops. This is
because trees and fruit trees grow tall and wide . There are trees that roots that expand
sideward and those that move downward. Choose a place where trees will grow freely
without obstruction like street fences or walls. Have enough space allowance between
trees, or between the streets, fences, or walls. Consider the type of soil and the amount of
sunlight.

2. Choose the seeds that best suit the season and the soil.
This means that the seeds come from a good quality mother and the seeds are healthy,
mature, with no blemishes or cuts, and of the right size and form. Seeds must be prepared
before planting. Planting should be done preferably during the rainy season. The soil must
be suited to the type of seeds to be planted. Consult an expert on what type of soil, or
where do trees like acacia, narra, mango, rambutan, or coconut grow best.

3. Put sufficient fertilizers in the soil.

It is advisable to prepare the soil before planting. This means cleaning the soil and its
surrounding area and mixing the soil with organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers are safe and
economical to use, while inorganic or commercial fertilizers have to be regulated because
overuse can poison the soil. A rich soil is 40 percent clay loam, 30 percent compost, 20
percent dried carabao manure or chicken dung, and 10 percent sand. Remember, plants
need nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to grow and to make them resistant to pests and
diseases.

4. Take care of the soil and the plants regularly.

Caring for the young trees means removing the grass and weeds around them so they do
not compete in getting the nutrients from the soil. Keep the soil always moist and this is no
problem during the rainy season. However, during the dry months, there is aneed to water
them regularly. Watering is done during sunrise or after sunset to keep the evaporation of
water from the soil slow. Make a ring of cultivation around the young tree with the size
matching the circumference of the crown of the tree.
The soil in this ring is loose and slightly hilling up. In case of pests or insects infestation, do
this by building a fire and allowing the smoke to penetrate the foliage. Use the appropriate
pesticide or fungicide to control plant disease. Consult an expert on this. Likewise, prune

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the young tree by cutting off infected or unproductive branches. Do not leave excess
branches on the trunk to avoid infection which occurs when the cut has not healed.

B. Methods of Planting
Different trees are cultivated in different ways. There are two ways of planting: direct and
indirect. Direct planting is a method of planting where the seeds or parts of a plant are
directly planted in the soil where it will germinate and grow into full-grown trees.
The use of high quality seeds results in high productivity. High quality seeds have a high
percentage of germination and correct moisture content and are free from seed pests,
diseases, and other physical impurities. They should come from atree with a uniform
height and heading, a characteristic known as varietal purity. To maintain high quality
seeds, the following steps are recommended:
1. Remove off-type, diseased, and damaged seeds.
2. Label seeds properly.
3. Select and preserve only mature seeds and dry them under the sun until proper
moisture is attained.

C. Preparing Seeds for Planting

There are different ways of preparing seeds. One way is by placing the seeds under
the sun before planting. One example of this is the ipil-ipil tree. Some seeds like the
mango have to be removed from their hard shells before planting. Seeds like santol need
to be dried before planted in the soil. There are also seeds that need to be soaked in
water before planting, like the seeds of ipil-ipil. Seeds of avocado are planted as is with
the bigger end of the seed below the soil surface.

D. Seed Germination
Seeds need moisture, warmth, oxygen, and, in some instances, sunlight in order
to germinate. Small seeds are sown in a seed box before setting them out in the field.
Seeds can also be germinated in small plastic trays, pots, and other relatively small
containers filled with soil medium recommended for seed propagation. The bottom of the
seed boxes should have tiny holes to allow drainage.
Before the seed is sown, the soil should be moistened with a fine spray of water
until the soil has absorbed enough moisture. Make rows with pointed sticks. These rows
should be twice as deep as the size of the seeds. Sow the seeds evenly in rows and
cover them with loose soil then press the soil gently. If you will plant trees, the space
should be 10 meters in distance depending on the size of the tree.
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 The seed box should be kept in a shady place until the seeds have sprouted. It
should be protected from pests, animals, and adverse weather. Cover the seed box with
a sheet of paper to keep it from drying out too fast during the dry season. When the
seeds have sprouted, make sure they get enough sunlight for proper growth.
E. Preparation of Seedlings Before Transplanting
Mortality is high during transplanting if the seedlings are not given proper care. To ensure
a higher rate of survival, the following processes are needed:
1. Thinning – There are times when more seeds are sown than necessary. To produce
strong plants, pull out some crowded seedlings so that the remaining plants will have more
room. Thinning accelerates the circulation of air and provides a greater feeding area for
seedlings to make them sturdier and healthier.

2. Pricking – This is done by transferring seedlings from one seed box to another to
provide more space for proper development. Water the seedlings before pricking.
3. Hardening – This process is done 7 to 15 days before transplanting. The purpose is
to make the tissue of the plants harder in order to survive the rigors of transplanting. The
water intake of the plant is gradually decreased and the seedling is exposed to sunlight for
a longer period of time.
F. Indirect Planting
In indirect planting, the plant needs to be transferred to its permanent place. This is
commonly done with trees. Nowadays, you can avail seedlings planted in small plastic
bags, ready for transfer.
Follow the general steps in the proper transferring of plants:
1. Place the seedlings away from direct sunlight. Make sure the seedlings are healthy and
fresh before planting.

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 2. Dig the area where you want to plant them. The length and depth of the hole should
be according to how big the tree will become. Leave two inches allowance in the length
and depth of the hole to allow the new roots to breath. For big trees like santol, mango, or
acasia, the hole is one meter wide, one meter deep, and one meter long. For small trees
like atis, chico, avocado, and kasoy, the hole should measure 20 inches deep, 20 inches
wide, and 20 inches long.

3. Remove the plant from the plastic bag. Do not remove the soil which holds the roots.

4. Slowly and carefully place the seedlings in the hole. Make sure the main roots are
not bent.

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 5. Cover it with soil. Lightly press the soil.

6. Water the new plant early the next morning. Use a water sprinkler. It is important to
water the soil that surrounds the plant.

7. Remember: Plant your seedlings in the afternoon when sunlight is no longer hot to avoid
withering.

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 IV. PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT!

Draw a happy face on practices that are good and sad face on practices that are not good.
1. I join community projects like planting.
2. I wear the appropriate working clothes when planting.
3. Choose good quality seeds coming from a good quality mother.
4. Plant all types with equal distances from one another.
5. I prefer to use organic fertilizer as it is safe and economical.
6. Keep the soil moist around young trees by watering them early morning or late afternoon.
7. Spray insecticide often to avoid insect infestation.
8. Indirect planting is a better method than direct planting because germination is easier in
boxes or plastic bags.
9. Study the type of tree and the kind of soil it needs before planting.
10. Be scientific in planting by knowing the needs of plants and how to take care of them.

V. CAN YOU SUM UP?

1. What must we do to have a healthy and bountiful harvest?

2. How can we maintain high quality seeds?
3. How do seeds germinate?
4. What are the processes needed in order to have high survival of seedlings?
5. What are the steps in transferring plants? Explain each.

VI. LIVE IT OUT!

Visit a garden in your home, or in the community. Observe the different plants
and trees, where they are planted and how they are planted. Interview a gardener on
how plants are cared for. Write your answers in your notebook.

VII. LEARNING CHECK!

Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Write your answer in your answer sheet.
1. _______ is the amount of space between two trees when planted.
2. _______ is the number of days before watering the plants that have been newly
planted.
3. _______ is the time of the day when planting is ideal.

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 4. _______ is the way wherein the seeds of the plant or part of the plant are planted
directly into the soil.
5. _______ is the amount of space allotted between two tree seedlings when planted

LESSON 3 MARKET DEMANDS OF FRUITS

I. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

1.2 Uses technology in the conduct of survey to find out the following:
1.2.2 Market demands of fruits TLE6AG-0b-2

Lesson Objectives
1. State the best time to harvest fruits
2. Identify the factors to consider when harvesting fruits
3. Discuss the tips in storing fruits
4. Identify the market demands for fruits
5. Enumerate the ways of marketing products

II. REMEMBER!

1. What are the benefits derived from planting trees and fruit bearing trees?
2. How do trees contribute to a healthy and safe environment?

III. What’s New?

Harvesting Fruits
Harvesting is picking fruits in their season when they are ready to be sold or
eaten. Harvesting is done at different seasons depending on the characteristics of each
product. Generally, fruits are picked when they are mature enough. Fruits should reach the
market in good condition.
1. Mangoes, bananas, and papayas are harvested before they ripen. They should be
green and matured.
2. Pomelos and chicos should be picked at the right size and maturity.
3. Native oranges or dalandans are picked while green They eventually ripen.

The right time to harvest depends on the following factors:

1. The price of fruits on the market – The beginning of harvest season of any fruit
commands the highest price in the market. This is because the fruits are new in the
market and are not as abundant as when they are in the peak of harvest season.

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 2. The distance of the farm to the market – Transportation comprises a big
expenditure in marketing the products. The farther the farm is to the market, the higher the
transport cost. Likewise, the rate of ripening and deterioration may be affected by the
length of time it takes for the product to reach the market.
3. The period of storage of harvested fruits before bringing them to the market –
The longer the storage, the higher is the risk of the fruits to deteriorate. When some
products become overripe and close to deteriorating, they cannot be sold at a higher price
than when they are fresh and at the right degree of maturity or ripeness.

Storing the Products

Proper storage of harvest is very important to keep them in good condition. Most fruits when
ripened are perishable so they rot or decay easily. Therefore they should be used or sold
while still slightly ripe and firm.
Tips in Storing Fruits
1. Use a wicker basket in storing fruits. This will prevent the fruits from ripening fast because
the holes in the wicker basket will provide fruits with cool air.
2. Use a durable and clean wicker baskets for handling.
3. Classify the fruits first before placing them in the wicker basket, depending on the ripeness,
size, and shape. Separate the ripe from the unripe ones.
4. Place the heavy, unripe fruits in the base, and place the light, ripe ones above, in packing
fruits like papaya, mangoes, and pineapple.
5. Store in a cool, dry place.
6. Store the products in a clean place, free from ants, cockroaches, and other harmful insects.
7. Handle the fruits carefully especially when placing them in the boxes or wicker baskets to
avoid bruises.
8. Always remember, the better the product, the higher the price.

To ensure success in selling fruits, the farmer or seller should consider the
following market demands:
1. Buyers select fruits and other products of good quality, usually based on size, shape,
and appearance.
2. Good quality fruits have the same appearance, size, stage of maturity, state of
freshness, and shape.
3. Fruits should be in their freshest state when being sold. They can command higher
prices.

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 4. Pack fruits properly in good containers to maintain their freshness and to avoid cuts,
bruises, and blemishes.
5. Price your products based on the current price on the market. Going with the current
price makes your product competitive. Generally, when products are sold during the peak
season, if your products are of superior quality, you can demand a higher price . Many
consumers prefer to pay a higher price if they feel they are getting their money’s worth.
Ways of Marketing a Product
1. Retail- This refers to the sale of goods in small quantities directly to the consumer.
2. Wholesale- This is the sale of goods in a relatively large quantity to be retailed by
others.
3. Consignment basis- This is an agreement to supply goods for a definite price and at a
specific time.
4. Announcement of products to the public.
5. Direct selling to the market place.
6. Selling through cooperatives.
Selling by wholesale is advantageous over the retail method because the producer has
a sure market for his products.
The retail method, however, is better because farmers earn more profits this way.
Marketing through cooperatives is the newest practice. Farmers from cooperatives in
order to earn higher profits, while consumers get the product at a lower price.

IV. PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT!

Put a check on practices which you have experienced doing and an X mark on those you
have not experienced doing.

Practices  or X
1. Planted fruit trees
2. Picked fruits from fruit trees
3. Took care of the fruit trees
4. Stored fruits in baskets
5. Sold fruits to friend and in the market

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 V. CAN YOU SUM UP?

1. Describe the characteristics of fruits to be harvested to reach the market in good

condition?
2. What are the factors to consider in harvesting fruits?
3. What are the tips in storing fruits to keep them in good condition?
4. Explain the market demands to be considered by farmers or sellers to ensure success in
selling fruits?

VI. LIVE IT OUT!

Interview a farmer.
1. Find out what fruit trees he plants the entire year.
2. Ask why he chooses those trees over the others?
3. How he harvests them?
4. How he markets them?

VII. LEARNING CHECK!

Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false. Put your answer in your
answer sheet.
______ 1. Fruits should be harvested at the right shape and size.
______ 2. Fruits should be harvested carefully because cuts can easily lead to rotting.
______ 3. Examples of fruits are squash, cabbage, and bitter melon.
______ 4. Cropping is the picking of fruits when ready to be sold or eaten.
______ 5. The right time to harvest depends on the demand, market, and price.
______ 6. Mangoes are harvested when they mature because this is the stage when they
are firm and fresh.
______ 7. For storing fruits, use wicker baskets.
______ 8. One who buys products and sells them to retailers is called the middleman.
______ 9. Selling products by piece is called retailing.
______ 10.Pack fruits properly in good containers to maintain their freshness and to avoid
cuts, bruises, and blemishes.

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LESSON 3 SOURCES OF FRUIT BEARING TREES

I. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?

1.3 Uses technology in the conduct of survey to find out the following:
1.2.4 Famous orchard farms in the country TLE6AG-0b-3

Lesson Objectives
1. Mention famous orchard farms in the country
II. REMEMBER!

1. Describe the characteristics of fruits to be harvested to reach the market in good

condition?
2. What are the factors to consider in harvesting fruits?
3. What are the tips in storing fruits to keep them in good condition?
4. Explain the market demands to be considered by farmers or sellers to ensure
success in selling fruits?

III. What’s New?

Famous Orchard Farms in the Philippines
Rosa Farms, Zambales, Philippines
Rosa Farms is a 12.5 hectare mango orchard in the coastal province of Zambales,
home of the Philippine Carabao Mango. The farm has 888 mango trees nurtured for
years. The farm is open to walk-in guests who want to experience the ambiance of
areal functional farm.

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Kitsie’s Farm, Zambales, Philippines
Kitsie’s Farm has dozens of fruit-bearing mango trees scattered across its 15
hectares land with each tree yielding at least 200 kilos each.

Gapuz Grapes Farm, Bauang , La Union

Gapuz Farm has been in business for 30 years. The Gapuz brothers learned
the ins and outs of grapes growing in California.

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Banana Farm, Davao Region
Banana is the leading fruit grown in the Philippines and a consistent top dollar
earner.

Davao Golden Pomelo Farm, Davao City

Carmelita Mercado is the top pomelo producer and distributor in the

Philippines. The farm has 350 hectares of sweet pink flesh pomelo.

Nica’sRambutan Farm, Barangay Lapaz, Tibiao, Antique

The rambutan tree belongs to a group of fruit bearing tropical trees like longgan
and lychee. The name rambutan came from an Indonesian name “rambut” which
means hair.

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 Health Benefits of Rambutan (from www.healthbenefitstimes.com)

1. Decreases Unwanted Fat. (rambutan seeds) It lessens the body fat

2. Skin Care. (raw rambutan seeds) For healthy, softer and gentle skin
3. Hair Care. (rambutan leaves) For excellent hair regrowth
4. Treats Dysentery. (rambutan skin)
5. Treats Diabetes. (dried fried rambutan seeds)
6. Cures Fever. (dried rambutan skin)
7. Increases Energy.
8. Strengthen Bones.
9. Increases Immune System. Can easily enhance bones because of its high
calcium, phosphorus and iron content
10. Anti-Cancer. It consists of anti-oxidants components
11. Protector of Free Radicals. It’s rich in gallic acid
12. Rich in Vitamin C.
13. Blood Formation. Rich in iron that help avoid anemia
14. Healthy Digestion. It’s rich in fiber that helps prevent bowel problems
15. Improve Sperm Quality and Prevent Cancer

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Grace’s Lanzones Farm, Guyam, Indang Cavite, Philippines
It has 200 fully grownedlanzones that earn about 120,000 to 150,000 per harvest.

Dalandan Farm, Bayombong, Nueva Viscaya, Philippines

Dalandan or kahel originated from China. This fruit is flattened and turns yellow
or reddish orange when mature. It consists of 10-14 segments easily separated
from one another to form an open core.

Durian Fruit, Davao City, Philippines

The Durian fruit is popular due to its strong aroma and unique taste. It is also
grown in Thailand and and Indonesia. Many often says. “ It smells like hell, but it
tastes like heaven”. The flesh is rich in carbohydrate, proteins, vitamins ( thiamine,
riboflavin and Vitamins A and C), and minerals (calcium, phosphorous, potassium
and iron). The flesh is eaten fresh or processed into jams, marmalade, spread,
pastillas, or flavouring for ice cream, candies, cakes and rolls.
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 IV. PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT!

Copy the table below in your answer sheet. Put a check on practices which you
have experienced doing and an X mark on those you have not experienced doing.

Practices  or X
Planted fruit trees
Harvested fruits
Sold fruits
Ate fruits everyday
Took care of fruit bearing trees

V. CAN YOU SUM UP?

Search at least 5 famous orchard farms in the Guimaras Province. Copy the table below.

Name of Orchard Farm Plants/ Fruits Planted Barangay Municipality

VI. LIVE IT OUT!

Search at least 5 famous orchard farms in the country. Copy the table below.
Name of Orchard Farm Plants/ Fruits Planted Address Region

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 VII. LEARNING CHECK!

Identify the following. Write your answers in your answer sheet.

1. The kind of mango that has a mixed taste, both sweet and sour.
2. The mango that originated in India.
3. The most common sought mango variety and exported in other countries.
4. The enzyme found in papaya that helps tenderize meat.
5. A popularly known fruit due to its strong aroma and unique taste.
6. This fruit originated from China.
7. Fruits grown in Indang, Cavite.
8. This fruit has plenty of health benefits.
9. It is the leading fruit grown in the Philippines and a consistent top dollar earner.
10.This fruit produce flowers but do not bear fruits.

Congratulations! You have finished another lesson! Keep it up!!

Prepared by:

JAYPEE G. VARGAS
Teacher I Noted:

MARIA TERESA P. SALADO, PhD

School Principal I

Address: Barangay Cabano, San Lorenzo, Guimaras; 5047

Cell number: 09460922486; 09665360290
Email Address: dlclms1959@gmail.com.ph

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