Name: James B.

Dellava Section: BSN I – BFO Date: November 15, 2019

DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation, and Mutation

Cystic Fibrosis Gene: When both copies of this gene are mutant, individuals have lung
and kidney problems.
1. You will be able to write DNA sequence for the complementary strand.
2. You will use the complementary strand to write the mRNA.
3. You will be able to write the protein sequence.

A. Normal Gene (a small portion only)

5'- ATG ATT AAA GAA AAT ATC ATC TTT GGT GTT TCC TAT GAT - 3'

1. TAC TAA TTT CTT TTA TAG TAG AAA CCA CAA AGG ATA CTA

2. AUG AUU AAA GAA AAU AUC AUC UUU GGU GUU UCC UAU GAU

3. UAC UAA UUU CUU UUA UAG UAG AAA CCA CAA AGG AUA CUA

B. Known Mutant Gene (Deletion)

5' - ATG ATT AAA GAA AAT ATC ATC --- GGT GTT TCC TAT GAT - 3'

1. TAC TAA TTT CTT TTA TAG TAG CCA CAA AGG ATA CTA

2. AUG AUU AAA GAA AAU AUC AUC GGU GUU UCC UAU GAU

3. UAC UAA UUU CUU UUA UAG UAG CCA CAA AGG AUA CUA

C. Hypothetical Mutant Gene 1 (Substitution)

5' - ATG ATT AAA GAA AAA ATC ATC TTT GGT GTT TCC TAT GAT- 3'

1. TAC TAA TTT CTT TTT TAG TAG AAA CCA CAA AGG ATA CTA

2. AUG AUU AAA GAA AAA AUC AUC UUU GGU GUU UCC UAU GAU

3. UAC UAA UUU CUU UUU UAG UAG AAA CCA CAA AGG AUA CUA

D. Hypothetical Mutant Gene 2 (Frameshift)

5' - ATG ATT AAA GAA CAA TAT CAT CTT TGG TGT TTC CTA TGA T - 3'

1. TAC TAA TTT CTT GTT ATA GTA GAA ACC ACA AAG GAT ACT A

2. AUG AUU AAA GAA CAA UAU CAU CUU UGG UGU UUC CUA UGA U

3. UAC UAA UUU CUU GUU AUA GUA GAA ACC ACA AAG GAU ACU A

Mutation - a change in the DNA

Name: James B. Dellava Section: BSN I – BFO Date: November 15, 2019

Point mutations - when a single nitrogen base is deleted, inserted or substituted.

Frameshift Mutation- when many amino acids coded for are different because of
an insertion or deletion.
The following example shows how these 3 kinds of mutations work.  Fill out the mRNA
and protein for each and compare the mutations to the original.  The mutation is
underlined.

Original DNA   T A C  G C G  T G C  A C G  A T G  C A G  T A G  T A C

  mRNA AUG CGC ACG UGC UAC GUC AUC AUG

  Protein MET-ARG-THR-CYS-TYR-VAL-ILE-MET

Mutation 1 DNA   T A C  G C G  T G C  A C G  A T C  C A G  T A G  T A C

  mRNA AUG CGC ACG UGC UAG GUC AUC AUG

  Protein MET-ARG-THR-CYS-STOP-VAL-ILE-MET

Type of Mutation: SUBSTITUTION

Mutation 2 DNA   T A C  G C G  T G C  T C G  A T G  C A G  T A G  T A C

  mRNA AUG CGC ACG AGC UAC GUC AUC AUG

  Protein MET-ARG-THR-SER-TYR-VAL-ILE-MET 

Type of Mutation: SUBSTITUTION

Mutation 3 DNA   T A C  G C G  C T G  C A C  G A T  G C A  G T A  G T A  C

  mRNA AUG CGC GAC GUG CUA CGU CAU CAU G

  Protein MET-ARG-ASP-VAL-LEU-ARG-HIS-HIS

Type of Mutation:  SUBSTITUTION