English papers

About Community Surveillance In Midwifery Practices

intended for English courses

supporting lecturer :

Dr. Nurohman, S.Ag, S.Si,M.Hum

arranged by:
group 4

1. Annisa Arinda (1320118007)

2. Siti Wulandari (1320118012)

S1 Public Health Study Program

STIKES RAFLESIA DEPOK

2020
A. DEFINITION OF SURVEYS
According to WHO Surveillance is a systematic and continuous process of
collecting, processing, analyzing and interpreting data and disseminating information
to the Unit that needs to be taken. Public health surveillance is a continuous and
systematic collection, analysis and analysis of data which is then disseminated
(disseminated) to those responsible for the prevention of diseases and other health
problems (DCP2, 2008).
Surveillance monitors disease events and trends, detects and predicts
outbreaks in populations, observes factors that influence disease events, such as
biological changes in agents, vectors, and reservoirs. Furthermore, supervision links
this information with decision makers so that action can be taken to prevent and
control disease (Finally, 2001). Sometimes the term epidemiological surveillance is
used.
Public health surveillance and epidemiological surveillance are essentially the
same, because using the same method, and the purpose of epidemiology is to control
public health problems, so that epidemiology is known as the core science of public
health (core science of public health)
Surveillance allows decision makers to lead and manage effectively. Public
health surveillance provides early vigilance information for decision makers and
managers about necessary health problems
considered in a population. Public health surveillance is an important
instrument for preventing disease outbreaks and developing an immediate response
when the disease starts to spread. Information from surveillance is also important for
the ministry health, ministry of finance, and donors, to monitor the extent to which the
population has been well served (DCP2, 2008).
Surveillance is different from regular monitoring. Surveillance is carried out
continuously without interruption (continuous), while monitoring is done
intermittently or episodically. By observing continuously and systematically, changes
in disease trends and the factors that influence them can be observed or anticipated, so
that steps can be investigated and disease control appropriately.
B. PURPOSE OF SURVEYS
 Surveillance aims to provide timely information about population health
problems, so that diseases and risk factors can be detected early and responses to
health services can be done more effectively.

Special purpose surveillance:

1. Monitor disease trends

2. Detect sudden changes in disease incidence, to detect early outbreaks
3. Monitor the health of the population, estimate the magnitude of the disease
burden (disease burden) on the population
4. Determine priority health needs, help plan, implement, monitor and evaluate
health programs
5. Evaluate the scope and effectiveness of health programs
6. Identifying research needs (Last, 2001; Giesecke, 2002; JHU, 2002).
C. USE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY SURVEILLANCE
1. Knowing the epidemiological picture of health problems or diseases. What is
meant by an epidemiological picture of a disease is a descriptive epidemiology
of the disease according to time, place, and person.
2. Establish priorities of health problems There are at least 3 requirements to get
priority health problems to be addressed, namely the magnitude of the
problem, the existence of methods to solve the problem, and the availability of
costs to overcome the problem.
3. Knowing the scope of services
On the basis of data on visits to puskesmas, it can be estimated coverage of
puskesmas services against certain characteristics of sufferers, by comparing
the proportion of sufferers according to certain characteristics who visit
puskesmas, and the proportion of patients according to the same
characteristics in the population on the basis of statistical data from the area
concerned.
4. For early vigilance of Extraordinary Events (KLB)
Outbreak is a condition where an increase in the frequency of a disease within
a certain time period in an area. In Indonesia, infectious diseases that often
cause outbreaks are diarrheal diseases, diseases that can be immunized,
respiratory infections, and others.
5. To monitor and assess the program
D. SCOPE OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE
Health problems can be caused by various reasons, therefore operationally health
problems cannot be solved by the health sector itself, it requires integrated and
comprehensive governance with close cooperation. harmonious between sectors and
between programs, so it is necessary to develop a health epidemiological surveillance
subsystem consisting of Epidemiological Surveillance of Communicable Diseases,
Epidemiological Surveillance of Non-Communicable Diseases, Epidemiological
Surveillance Environmental Health and Behavior, Epidemiological Surveillance of
Health Problems, Epidemiological Surveillance of Health Matters.
1. Epidemiological Surveillance of Communicable Diseases
Is a continuous and systematic analysis of infectious diseases and risk factors
to support efforts to eradicate infectious diseases.
2. Epidemiological Surveillance of Non-Communicable Diseases
Is a continuous and systematic analysis of non-communicable diseases and
risk factors to support efforts to eradicate infectious diseases.
3. Epidemiological Surveillance of Environmental Health and Behavior
Is a continuous and systematic analysis of diseases and risk factors to support
environmental sanitation programs.
4. Epidemiological Surveillance of Health Problems
Is a continuous and systematic analysis of health problems and risk factors for
supporting certain health programs.
5. Epidemiological Surveillance of Matra Health.
Is a continuous and systematic analysis of health problems and risk factors for
supporting the matra health program.
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Eliana, dan Sri Sumiati,2016. Kesehatan Masyarakat. Kementerian Kesehatan RI.