S26

HOOKE’S LAW AND A SIMPLE

SPRING

NAME: ABU HUZAIFAH BIN MOHD HELMI

STUDENT ID: 2020883294
NAME: RAJA ABDUL AZIZ BIN RAJA ABD LATIF
STUDENT ID: 2020851918
DATE OF EXPERIMENT: 11 AUGUST 2020
LAB INSTRUCTOR: MADAM NOOR’ AISYAH BINTI JOHARI
 ABSTRACT
Hooke’s Law is a principle that states that the force needed to extend or compress a
spring by some distance is proportional to that distance. In this experiment, we aim to
study the elastic properties of the spring and the force constant of the spring. We aim to
study the relationship between the deforming force and amount the spring stretches.
We find values of k=23.33 (±0.001) N/m in spring A while k=5.11 (±0.001) N/m. Our result
confirm is Hooke’s Law is F=-kx.

INTRODUCTION
Springs are important elements in modern technology. They are found in machines of all
kinds, in watches, toys, cars and train. Spring returns to its shape after compressing or
stretching when it is removed. They called this material elastic. Hooke’s Law is a law of
elasticity discovered by the English scientist Robert Hooke in 1660, which states that, for
relatively small deformations of an object, the displacement or size of the deformation
is directly proportional to the deforming force or load. Under these conditions, the object
returns to its original shape and size upon removal of load. However these object must
has a limit. When the spring stretch exceed the elastic limit of the spring, it will not return
to its original shape. Hence, in this experiment, we will investigate the value of spring
elasticity, k.
 METHODOLOGY
1. The apparatus is set up as shown in the figure 1.2. The length,ⴘo of spring A without
the scale pan and masses is measured using the scale provided
2. The mass of scale pan, mpan, is weighed and hooked it onto the spring. The length,ⴘ1
of spring is measured.
3. 25g mass, mmass is added into the scale pan. The length,ⴘ2 of the spring is measured
using the scale provided.
4. Step 3 is repeated using a mass of 50g, 75g, 100g, 125g, 150g.
5. The whole procedure is repeated to get the second reading and the average reading
is calculated.
6. The same setup is used and all the above steps is repeated using spring B.

RESULT
Table 1.1

Mass,mmass Total mass Force Length of Spring,y(m) (±0.001) Elongation of

spring,Δy(m)
(kg) (mpan+mmass) F=mg yn Average Δy= yn- yo
Reading
(±0.001) (kg) (N) 1 2 Reading, (±0.001)
(±0.001) (±0.001)
0.000 0.000 0.000 yo 0.095 0.095 0.0950 0.0000

0.000 0.005 0.049 𝑦1 0.097 0.098 0.0975 0.0025

0.025 0.030 0.294 y2 0.108 0.107 0.1075 0.0125

0.050 0.055 0.539 y3 0.119 0.118 0.1185 0.0235

0.075 0.080 0.784 y4 0.128 0.128 0.1280 0.0330

0.100 0.105 1.029 y5 0.137 0.138 0.1375 0.0425

0.125 0.130 1.274 y6 0.147 0.146 0.1465 0.0515

0.150 0.155 1.519 y7 0.157 0.156 0.1565 0.0615

Average Spring Constant k= 23.33 (±0.001) N/m

Spring Constant From The Graph k= 24.9
 Table 1.2

Mass,mmass Total mass Force Length of Spring,y(m) Elongation of

(±0.001) spring,Δy(m)
(kg) (mpan+mmass) F=mg yn Reading Average Δy=yn-yo

(±0.001) (kg) (N) 1 2 Reading, (±0.001)

(±0.001)
0.000 0.000 0.000 yo 0.071 0.071 0.0710 0.0000

0.000 0.005 0.049 y1 0.080 0.080 0.0800 0.0090

0.025 0.030 0.294 y2 0.128 0.128 0.1280 0.0570

0.050 0.055 0.539 y3 0.178 0.177 0.1775 0.1065

0.075 0.080 0.784 y4 0.226 0.227 0.2265 0.1555

0.100 0.105 1.029 y5 0.277 0.275 0.2760 0.2050

0.125 0.130 1.274 y6 0.325 0.325 0.3250 0.2540

0.150 0.155 1.519 y7 0.373 0.373 0.3730 0.3020

Average Spring Constant k= 5.11 (±0.001) N/m

Spring Constant From The Graph k= 5.11

FORMULAE

1.Average spring , 𝐹 = 𝑘𝑥
Then 𝑘 = 𝐹/𝑥
0.0049𝑁
𝑘= =19.6 N/m
0.0090𝑚
∑ 𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
2.Average spring constant=
7
19.6+23.3+22.94+23.75+24.21+24.73+24.1
= 23.32 N/m (Spring A)
7

3.Elongation, ∆𝑦=ⴘn-ⴘo
∆ⴘ=0.0975-0.0950= 0.0025m
4.Force of spring in hanging mass,
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑔
F=(0.005kg)(9.8m/s2)=0.049N
m= (1.519-0.049)/(0.0615-0.0025) =24.9 N/m
mmax= (1.274-0.784)/(0.0515-0.0330)=26.8 N/m
mmin= (0.784-0.049)/(0.0330-0.0025)= 24.1 N/m
∆𝑚= ½ (26.47-24.1)= 1.185
Thus the slope in this graph is 24.9 ±1.185 N/m
m= (1.519-0.049)/(0.3020-0.0090)=5.02 N/m
mmax= (1.274-0.784)/(0.2540-0.1555)= 4.97 N/m
mmin= (0.784-0.049)/(0.1555-0.0090)= 5.02 N/m
∆𝑚= ½(4.97-5.02)= -0.025
Thus the slope in this graph is 5.02 ± 0.025 N/m
 DISCUSSION
A spring was hung vertically with a mass pan attached to the lower end of the spring, and
masses from 5g to 150g were added. The downward location of the spring was measured
once it came to rest twice. In this configuration, two equal and opposite forces acted on
the hanging mass: gravity directed downward and the spring’s elastic restoring force
directed upward, in the opposite direction of displacement. Using Hooke’s law (F=-kx), a
spring constant was calculated for each measurement. The spring constants for each
value of displacement are the same.

A graph force versus the magnitude of displacement resulted in the expected straight
line in the range of forces examined and is consistent with Hooke’s law. The slope of the
line for spring A m=24.9 and spring B m=5.11 are the spring constant. The intercept for
the best fit straight line intersects close to the origin, which also consistent with Hooke’s
law.

CONCLUSION
Based on the result of our experiment, the amount spring stretches plotted against the
mass added to the mass pan gives a straight line that goes through the origin. This means
that the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the stretching force applied to
it. The experiment obeys Hooke’s law because the elongation of the spring increases as
the mass increases and also the force increases as well. So, the Hooke’s law is verified.
 Pre-Lab Questions

1. When you apply a 52N force, a spring extends 13cm. Assume the spring obeys Hooke’s Law.
What is the spring constant (in N/m) for the spring?

F=kx F=52N x=0.13m k=?

52=k(0.13)
k=400N/m

2. As above, when you apply a 52N force, a spring extends by 13cm. How much energy was
required to stretch the spring assuming you started from its unstretched length? How much
energy (in Joules) must you use to stretch is another 13cm (from 13cm to 26cm)?

Wspring = 1/2kx2
=1/2(400)(0.13)
= 3.38 Joules
3.38 + 3.38 = 6.76 Joules

3. Suppose you have a mass m attached to a spring with constant k. The mass rests on a
horizontal frictionless surface. Its equilibrium position is at x=0. It is pulled aside a distance
and released. What is the speed of the mass as it passes the position x=A/2 (in terms of k,m,
and A)? (Hint: use the conversation energy)

1 2 1
𝑘𝑥 = 𝑚𝑣 2
2 2
𝑘𝑥 = 𝑚𝑣 2
2

𝐴
𝑘( )2 = 𝑚𝑣 2
2
𝑘𝐴2
4𝑚
𝑘𝐴2
𝑣=√
4𝑚
Post-Lab Questions

1. Spring B used in this experiment obeys Hooke’s Law, determine the value of elongation, y
of spring if a total mass of 0.5kg is attached to it? Show your calculation.

F=ky
ma=ky
(0.5)(9.8)= 5.02(y) =0.0098 m

2. Spring C consists of spring A and spring B that connect in the series. Calculate the elongation
of spring C if a 30g mass was supported from the spring.

k=24.9 + 5.02
ma=ky
0.03(9.80)= 29.92y Y=0.0098 m