Briefly History Of World

Wide Web
By:abdulaziz msfer Al-waday - 439807015
Dr.Khaled Mahmod
 Briefly History Of World Wide Web
in the mid-twentieth century, it began to develop computers. Although the adoption of
the Internet as a commercial tool and means of communication on a large scale did
not take place until the beginning of the nineties, but its beginnings were much before
that

The Internet began its life in the late 1960s and was used as a network for research
and defense in the United States under the name ARPANET. It was connecting
servers of sensitive centers in the army to the computers of research centers and
scientists. And this network was established in a safe way even if some
communication lines were cut off. This was accomplished by dividing information
and notes, placing them under different transmission conditions, and sending them via
variable communication lines.

However, the roots of the technologies on the Internet extend to 1957, which at the
time of the Cold War was between the United States and the former Soviet Union,
where the two countries were at their peak. addition,

In 1955 an American orbiting satellite was launched in 1957, with the aim of
observing the unusual activity of the sun that was expected at the time. The Kremlin
declared that Russia liked this, too. Thus began the race for space between the two
great powers. On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union won the bet by launching the
Sputnik 1 spacecraft, the first satellite to orbit the Earth.

The United States established the "ARPA: Advanced Research Projects Agency" with
the goal of developing special technologies for the US military that would enable
them to advance over the Soviet Union. The goal of ARPA was to become the agency
responsible for developing the US military and the first modem allowed to transfer
data was invented Digital phone in 1958

ARPA's initial focus was on complex projects in the areas of space travel,
intercontinental missiles and nuclear test surveillance. In order to be able to supervise
such complex research and to facilitate communication with the contracting parties
and companies in these projects, ARPA immediately established communication lines
between the different computers. In 1962 John Leclider received a file of a computer
research program to manage the project. Leclider had published a paper titled: The
Big Network, whose topic is his vision and conception of a computer network
available to all people.

Leonard Kleinrock, a scientist at ARPA, developed important ideas to send

information over networks by dividing the broadcast into transmission conditions.
The way was to send each of these conditions sporadic to their final destination,
where they would be reassembled to their original form.
By 1966-1967, the amount of research on this matter was sufficient for the then
director of the Computer Research Department, Leonard Roberts, to publish a plan to
create a computer network system called ARPANET.
1971 In 1971, there were 23 computers connected to the Arbant network that sent the
first e-mail.
The TCP-IP protocol was defined in 1982 and one year later, DNS was defined
In 1989, there were more than 100,000 computers on the network, and in 1991 it was
announced to the public through HTMl pages, and in 2000 the Internet spread to the
world
After 2000, the Internet infrastructure became almost fixed, and the development
became more evident in terms of software and services provided by the Internet