Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NUDHF - 2017 - 2022 - Abridged - Version PDF
NUDHF - 2017 - 2022 - Abridged - Version PDF
NUDHF - 2017 - 2022 - Abridged - Version PDF
DEVELOPMENT
AND HOUSING
FRAMEWORK
2017–2022, Abridged Version
National Urban Development and Housing Framework 2017-2022
Abridged Version
This publication was made possible through the technical assistance of the United Nations
Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) in partnership with the Philippine Institute
of Environmental Planners, and with funding support from the Government of Spain and
Development Account Project.
2 THE FRAMEWORK
2.1 VISION AND PRINCIPLES
2.3 STRATEGIES
2.3.1 Population
2.3.2 Urban Planning and Design
2.3.3 Housing
2.3.4 Urban Infrastructure and Basic Services
2.3.5 Urban Economy and Finance
2.3.6 Public Administration, Urban Governance and Management
2.3.7 Prospects for Integration in the Association of Southeast Asian
Nations (ASEAN) Economic Community
3 way forward
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS THE NATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND HOUSING FRAMEWORK?
The National Urban Development and Housing Framework (NUDHF) is the development
framework for urban and urbanizing areas aimed at achieving the objectives of the
Urban Development And Housing Act.
Who is it for?
The NUDHF is intended to be used
primarily to guide the formulation and
implementation of plans, programmes, and
activities (PPAs) of national government
agencies and local government units.
It provides the private sector, academe,
nongovernment organizations, professional
organizations, people’s organizations, and
other stakeholders with information and
possible avenues of collaboration.
©UN-Habitat/David Garcia
1.1 RATIONALE
The NUDHF, first crafted in 1993, addresses
the need for an overall framework for
policy and strategy, based on a clear urban
development vision. The NUDHF contains
a set of policy statements, strategies, and
implementation measures intended to
guide public and private sector efforts
towards sustainable urban development and
housing. Since 1993, there have been two
updates (1999 and 2009) leading up to this
current iteration.
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 1
introduction
2
introduction
will be by 2040. The long-term vision Recognizing lessons from the past two
serves as an anchor for development decades, the 2017–2022 NUDHF moves
planning for the next 25 years. Part of forward with emphasis on making urban
this is the Philippine Development Plan spaces more inclusive, and creating more
(PDP) 2017–2022. open, connected, and collectively resilient
communities. It focuses on the role of
1.4 THE NEW NUDHF urbanization in creating equitable growth,
The current realities and anticipated impacts and will endeavor to describe and promote
of urbanization now require an updating uniquely Filipino cities, municipalities, and
of the country’s urban development and urban areas.
housing framework. The NUDHF, by constant
evolution of the spaces and systems it
encompasses, now seeks to usher in a new
urban development paradigm, one that
simultaneously enhances and departs from
previous policies.
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 3
©UN-Habitat
4
vision and principles
the framework
THE FRAMEWORK
AmBisyon
AmBisyon Natin
Natin2040 – PDP
2040 - PDP
OPERATIONALIZATION
K E Y P RIN C IP L E S
BETTER, GREENER,
is equitable, participatory, and provides
universal access to political, economic, and
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 5
key framework PRINCIPLES
THE FRAMEWORK
6
strategies
the framework
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 7
strategies
the framework
context-based development guidelines are f. Prioritize allocation of land for utilities and
an effective tool to encourage efficient critical infrastructure in an archipelagic
densities, especially in prime urban areas, setting. National and local governments
and regulate the nature, intensity, and should be more proactive in identifying,
direction of development. acquiring, safeguarding, and developing
land for critical infrastructure such as
d. Support vulnerable sectors and minimize mass transport, roads and bridges, ports,
displacement. Urbanization should airports, water distribution, power, and
provide all members of Philippine communications. Moreover, infrastructure
society opportunities for development. planning should consider both land and
A culturally sensitive social mix in urban water uses, and aim to increase connectivity
areas, especially one that supports between islands. Doing so would improve
vulnerable sectors such as women, access to services, support inclusive
youth, indigenous peoples, persons with mobility, and encourage sustainable urban
disability, the poor, and migrants, will development in more areas in the country.
contribute to inclusive growth.
g. Develop the urban development database.
e. Support policy on prioritizing onsite Strategies and policies dealing with urban
and in-city resettlement with off-site development and housing need to be based
resettlement as a last option as a spatial on evidence. Planning and managing cities
planning tool and a risk reduction and urban areas require the use of updated,
approach. Where resettlement of valid, and reliable data including maps and
households is unavoidable, such as spatial information.
informal setter families located in danger
areas or unsuitable sites, government 2.3.2 Urban Planning and Design
must ensure that the resettlement a. Fully operationalize ridge-to-reef and/or
site has access to livelihood or income integrated ecosystems planning. The “ridge-
opportunities, and that the resettlement to-reef or integrated ecosystems planning
site is complete with basic utilities such as framework” was adopted by the HLURB for
power and water supply. Encroachment the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)
along roadways should be prevented Guidebooks 2013–2014, which utilizes
to control urban sprawl. Cities should system-based tools such as the ecological
consider resettlement sites in planning transect and other tools.
their expansion areas or growth nodes.
8
HIERARCHY OF
SETTLEMENTS
According to populations of
Philippine municipalities and
cities in 2015
©UN-Habitat/David Garcia
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 9
strategies
the framework
56 %
planning and climate change adaptation/ possible, the development of alternative
mitigation (CCAM) planning with spatial water sources other than groundwater. In
and sectoral development planning. The line with this, the collection of rainwater
mainstreaming of DRRM and CCAM in the WILL BE LIVING and the recycling of domestic water
CLUP and Comprehensive Development IN URBAN for domestic use must be considered.
Plan (CDP) need to be ensured. Areas Cities and municipalities must ensure
AREAS
for improvement, harmonization, and adequate water domestic supply without
rationalization, where possible, must also encroaching on the recharge areas of
75 %
be identified. This includes streamlining adjacent areas. Land developments must
and harmonizing processes on CCAM- be reviewed to ensure adequate water
DRR and capacity building for planning supply both for the development and
offices, professionalization, and ethical OF THE adjacent communities.
accountability in the planning process and COUNTRY'S
documentation. ECONOMIC f. Promote compact development.
OUTPUT Compact development entails the
c. Design barangays and neighborhoods in ATTRIBUTED promotion of efficient densities at all
terms of human scale and walkability. The scales of urban planning, which maintains
TO URBAN
NUDHF proposes a return to human-scaled the balance between urban demand
proportions and to design barangays in
AREAS and available resources. Areas with
terms of human scale and walkability, with efficient densities tend to cut back the
the necessary infrastructure and services cost of public services such as police
within walking distance of residents.
INFORMAL and emergency response, infrastructure
This may be incorporated in the local
SETTLER maintenance, school transport, water,
development planning process following FAMILIES and sewage. This will promote the holistic
NATIONWIDE
1.4m
the CLUP Guidebook, specifically under management of the urban area and
the Special Studies on Urban Design and reduce urban sprawl.
Development.
g. Promote mixed use. Following the
d. Promote adequate networks of public principle of spatial and sectoral
open spaces. The NUDHF prioritizes the integration within coherent and efficient
AVERAGE
identification and protection of open urban systems, local government and
spaces as a first step in designing urban
ANNUAL development partners are urged to
areas, with built-up spaces planned
HOUSING plan areas for mixed uses and minimize
around and in consideration of this NEED OF highly specialized land zoning where
network. LGUs must establish the primacy
and connectivity of public spaces, and
926,077 possible. Mixing land uses allows for the
integration of complementing activities,
provide resources for their development. and also supports compact development.
This also includes locating and establishing Land use specialization to limit single
public buildings in strategic areas, and function blocks or neighborhoods is
designing public spaces in a way that discouraged.
supports disaster risk reduction and
climate change action (e.g., escape routes h. Promote social mix. Urban design at the
and evacuation plans). local level should maximize the use of
spaces to promote social equality and
e. Consider the water cycle in urban spatial justice. Urban spaces, including
planning and design. The water cycle buildings and residential areas, should
should be considered as a key element espouse social integration and diversity of
at all levels of planning and design. Plans social as well as income groups. Diversity
10
strategies
the framework
and social inclusion should be encouraged of these heritage areas, the NUDHF adopts
consciously by local authorities and the more sustainable policy of adaptive
planners especially in designing public reuse for existing structures, urban infill,
spaces, including streets, markets, schools or the use of vacant lands or underutilized
and universities, parks and plazas, beaches property for urban revitalization rather than
and waterfront zones. city extension or land reclamation.
i. Integrate mobility and transport planning k. Control urban sprawl by promoting planned
in land use planning. The NUDHF urban expansion. Compact, mixed use
advocates the shift from car-oriented development can be complemented and
to people-oriented mobility. A new made more effective by promoting planned
hierarchy of transportation and mobility urban expansion. Anticipating urban
is introduced, prioritizing pedestrians growth, setting boundaries to existing
first, then non-motorized vehicles such areas, and providing for rational expansion
as bicycles, followed by public transport, in selected areas will control urban sprawl
commercial vehicles, taxis, and single and manage urban resources better. It
occupancy vehicles. will also aid in food security, maintenance
of protected areas, and the integration
j. Optimize use of existing spaces and and linkage cities and municipalities in a
structures in the built-up area through coherent manner.
adaptive reuse, urban redevelopment, and
urban infill. To ensure the preservation
©HLURB
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 11
strategies
the framework
©UN-Habitat/Yen Flores
12
strategies
the framework
e. Enforce the balanced housing provision f. Update appropriate housing unit size
of the UDHA. Rep. Act No. 10884, which requirements based on local context. Local
amends the UDHA, requires owners and governments and developers are encouraged
developers of proposed subdivision and to further assess the needs of end users with
condominium projects to develop an area regard to their space requirements, without
for socialized housing equivalent to at income discrimination and considering various
least 15% of the total subdivision area or factors such as location, culture, economic
total subdivision project cost and at least linkages, and livelihood opportunities, among
5% of the condominium area or project others. People-centered planning processes
cost. Significant in this amendment is the can address this gap, and allow stakeholders to
inclusion of vertical housing developments determine appropriate unit sizes.
in socialized housing compliance. It
must be noted that these are minimum g. Make land available and accessible for
requirements, and developers may opt to housing. There are several ways to increase
increase the percentages. the supply and reduce the cost of urban land,
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 13
strategies
the framework
thereby addressing physical and artificial housing strategies. Local shelter planning
shortage of land for development: enables LGUs to determine housing needs,
• Unlocking unused or underused conduct inventory of resources, identify
government-owned land priority housing programmes and projects,
• Land pooling/readjustment and initiate needed partnerships for housing
• Land banking projects.
• Land cost adjustment for
affordable housing 2.3.4 Urban Infrastructure
• Reducing land speculation through and Basic Services
fiscal measures
• Making land information accessible to Water and Sanitation
the land market a. Streamline policies and improve the
regulatory framework to ensure sustainable
h. Promote local shelter planning to water security in urban areas. Water
encourage broad-based participation and and sanitation infrastructure must be
ensure implementation of housing and harmonized with legislation, policies,
land strategies. Citizen participation and and organizational development plans.
localized capacity serve as foundations for Simplifying the regulatory framework from
effective and efficient shelter provision. the approval of water and sanitation plans
Empowering communities also increases to maintenance will enable proponents
accountability and transparency in the to protect, explore, develop, and expand
implementation and monitoring of water and sanitation services for the larger
urban system. Implement programmes and
initiatives on watershed protection.
14
strategies
the framework
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 15
strategies
the framework
Drainage
a. Comprehensive mapping of natural
waterways, drainage and sewerage systems,
including waterways that have been built
over. Mapping natural waterways would
assist planners in identifying blue and
green spaces for land use planning, and
urban renewal and systems upgrading
programmes.
16
strategies
the framework
accordance with applicable legislation and complements resilience measures and raises
policies. This could also involve providing public appreciation for better and more
incentives to community stakeholders appropriate infrastructure systems.
in using material recovery facilities, or
limiting garbage volume at source. This is c. Develop inter-LGU coordinated waste
possible through advocacy and education. management plans for efficient
Cities should also explore and develop regional mobilization of resources.
composting and vermiculture as waste Metropolitanization and similar
byproducts, which can be used for urban aggrupations can act as catalysts
agriculture. in maximizing resources for public
infrastructure and services, particularly in
b. Adopt modern technology and systems urban waste management. Coordinated site
in monitoring solid waste management planning for sanitary landfills is cost-efficient
programmes. Government must welcome and effective given land constraints in urban
the use of better technology to make areas.
waste management more efficient, for
instance in monitoring of waste disposal Information and
activity, scheduling, and volume tracking. Communications Technology
Cities are also encouraged to invest a. Open up Investments in ICT. The NUDHF
in alternative green filtration systems, recommends a review of competition
natural filters to cleanse waterways, laws to open up investments in the
which can be part of the spatial strategy telecommunications sector and allow
and urban design, as in the case of more service providers. This will address
endemic grass-wetland species used constraints arising from the current duopoly
for grey wastewater treatment systems set-up, which has hindered the entry of
in riverfront development. This also alternative service providers.
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 17
A NATIONAL
BROADBAND NETWORK
INFRASTRUCTURE
WILL ENHANCE PUBLIC
ACCESS TO STATE
SERVICES AND GLOBAL
INFORMATION THAT IS
FREE AND OPEN.
©UN-Habitat/Cris Rollo
18
strategies
the framework
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 19
strategies
the framework
d. Provide support to the informal sector. An • Providing incentives for new investors; and
enabling environment that recognizes and
supports the working poor in the informal • Maintaining a healthy, peaceful, and orderly
economy as legitimate actors in the situation in the area.
economic development process should be
promoted. Urban economic growth and f. Strengthen key economic sectors:
development should enable, not destroy, • Manufacturing: Strictly implement
informal livelihoods. Strategies aimed environmental laws; review education
at mainstreaming the informal sector curriculum to determine compatibility with
focus on inclusion of the sector in the the demand for manufacturing activities;
business operations recognition system; establish and strengthen rural–urban
organization of informal sector operators linkages and value chains.
to serve as participatory mechanism for
government support and other forms of • Tourism: Increase accessibility and
engagement; expansion of microfinance connectivity; build capacities of LGU
and entrepreneurship support; and personnel to optimize the strategic position
provision of support for those who of cities as transit hubs and provide
intend to transition from informal to suitable facilities and amenities; improve
formal sector. telecommunications infrastructure.
20
strategies
the framework
g. Support Micro-, Small, and Medium- c. Implement idle lands tax. The objectives of
Sized Enterprises (MSMEs). Strengthen this special levy are to promote efficient and
support for current programmes for optimum utilization of land for the overall
MSME development focusing on funding benefit of society, and to prevent the practice
and equipment provision, ease of doing of speculative holding of land. It also serves
business, capacity-building, product as a regulatory device to influence the pattern
design and development, and industry and direction of development in accordance
prioritization. with the desired urban form. It is inevitable
to strictly impose idle lands tax and special
h. Promote and support green industries. assessment tax and appropriate sanctions
The government recognizes certain based on applicable laws.
advantages that a changing climate
brings, including a more active pursuit d. Adopt and implement land-based financing
of a green, low-carbon, and resource- mechanisms. Municipalities can use a host of
efficient economy. The Green Jobs Act land-based revenue-generating mechanisms
of 2016 must be expanded on, with to meet expenditures and direct spatial
further support in the form of incentives growth. Land value capture tools enable local
to business enterprises that generate and officials to mobilize for public benefit all or
sustain green jobs, goods and services, part of the increases in land value that result
and technologies, or engage in low from community investments rather than the
emission development. Local governments actions of landowners.
can also prioritize green industries in
land use allocation and urban design, by e. Enhance public–private partnerships
incorporating appropriate performance (PPPs). PPPs encompass a range of possible
standards for business enterprises in the relationships among public and private
CLUP and Zoning Ordinance. These can entities in the context of infrastructure and
include requirements and guidelines on other services. The partnerships come in
energy and water use, employment, various forms to include the build-operate-
as well sustainable building design transfer (BOT) scheme and its variations,
and construction. and joint venture agreements between the
government (national and/or local) with
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 21
strategies
the framework
private entities, among other modalities, in c. Clarify, review, and update institutional
the implementation of key infrastructure mandates. The HUDCC, along with its key
projects of the government. shelter agencies (KSAs), must broaden its
scope to coordinate urban development
f. Institutionalize participatory budgeting. management in order to meet the objectives
Grassroots participatory budgeting is an and goals outlined in the updated NUDHF. In
approach to budget proposal preparation the absence of budget control and resource
of national line agencies. It considers allocation powers, however, HUDCC
the development needs of cities and is inherently weak as the coordinative
municipalities based on consultations mechanism at the national level, and
with the basic sector and other civil presents a strong case for the formation
society organizations, as identified in of a Department of Human Settlements
their respective local poverty reduction and Urban Development. The proposed
action plans. This is a strategy to ensure Department of Human Settlements and
the inclusion of the development needs Urban Development is a positive move
as identified in the budget proposal of toward a Cabinet level department. This
participating government line agencies. will provide a clearer mandate, not only on
housing, but more importantly on urban
2.3.6 Public Administration, Urban development, which is often lost in the slew
Governance and Management of priority policies.
a. Harmonize legal frameworks and
administrative hierarchies to improve d. Formalize LGU associations, functional
policy implementation, government clusters, or other supra-local administrative
service administration, and development authorities or arrangement. In rapidly
opportunities. Some overlaps may occur urbanizing cities and regions, it is sometimes
in implementing policies, administering necessary to reconfigure present governance
government services, and extending structures or form new administrative
development opportunities. This is not arrangements, especially where two or
necessarily to be avoided, as some degree more adjacent LGUs have grown to form a
of redundancy is always necessary. physically agglomerated mass, to address
Nevertheless, since the passage of the Local cross-border problems such as traffic,
Government Code, there has been a strong flooding, crime, and garbage in the de facto
impetus towards empowering LGUs to self- metropolis. This administrative solution can
govern. Hence, this framework suggests the either be the result of consensus from LGU
protocols for such cases. peers, or legislated. The intention is to plan
urban growth in a manner that generates
b. Institutionalize the review, monitoring, and sustained benefits for all.
evaluation of urban development policies,
plans, and programmes. Both national e. Manage public spaces as venues for
and local government must conduct a participatory governance. As aligned with
continuous review of legislation, policies, strategies under planning and design,
and programmes on urban development infrastructure, and following the principle
and housing. This requires output and of inclusiveness, urban management
outcome monitoring and ground validation, should ensure that public spaces are
as well as employing quantitative and well-maintained (i.e., adequately funded
qualitative assessments. Support must be and managed) so that they perform their
given to LGUs in acquiring technologies for functions. Public spaces should cater
improved knowledge management. to collective political and democratic
expression as an input to urban governance.
22
strategies
the framework
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 23
strategies
the framework
24
strategies
the framework
©UN-Habitat/Domz Dizon
Justice, and Philippine Economic Zone
Authority will need closer engagement.
One significant step to do this is to
begin constructing and unifying essential
databases on land and land-based
resources, among other possible actions
that tackle problematic areas such as
informal settlements, lands still subject for implementation in urban areas and
to agrarian reform, mining areas versus urbanizing rural areas, which local plans
indigenous peoples’ claims, and disputed should resonate with:
lands and waters. Possible restructuring
of shelter agencies must be seriously a. Focus on investment climate
considered, such as the creation of the improvements, geospatial preparations
Department of Human Settlements as well as social and health safeguards in
and Housing. strategic nodes of trade.
N AT I O N A L U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H O U S I N G F R A M E W O R K 2 0 1 7 – 2 0 2 2 25
Conclusion
Way Forward
TO ACHIEVE THE NUDHF VISION, ITS PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES
SHOULD BE INTEGRATED INTO THE PLANS AND PROGRAMMES OF
THE GOVERNMENT AND ITS PARTNERS IN DEVELOPMENT.
HLURB sees the NUDHF as the main guiding • Formulation of a communications plan
framework in land use planning, real estate and support for capacity development;
management, and other related HLURB • Integration of applicable and
mandates. It will also serve as a guide for appropriate policies and strategies
the review of the CLUP, particularly how identified in the NUDHF in the
the framework’s principles and strategies formulation of CLUPs, zoning
are reflected in the plans of cities and ordinances, and Comprehensive
municipalities. It will also serve as a main Development Plans;
reference document in the conduct of
technical assistance and training for local • Development of an urban management
government. The NUDHF supports both the database; and
long-term and medium-term development • Updating of current policies
plans of the government. It was designed and legislations.
to complement the Philippine Development
Plan (PDP), support AmBisyon Natin
2040, and provide a clear policy direction
and strategy for the implementation of
the Philippine New Urban Agenda (NUA
2016–2036).
The NUDHF will guide
Finally, the NUDHF will substantively guide and provide inputs to
the development of policies concerning
urban development and housing, and the development of
provide inputs to policies of related sectors.
The following mainstreaming strategies will
policies concerning urban
ensure that the NUDHF is fully realized:
• Promotion in fora and orientations
development and housing
with provincial and regional land
use committees;
and related sectors.
• Formulation of an action plan in
coordination with the NUDHF
Technical Working Group, identifying
responsibilities of government
agencies in the implementation of
the strategies;
26
www.hlurb.gov.ph