COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING 10

MR. BRET PRIMACIO

Unit 1- Motherboard
MODULE 3

Let’s Explore

The motherboard is a printed circuit board that is the foundation of a computer, located on the back side or at the bottom
of the computer case.

It allocates power to the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components. Most importantly, the motherboard allows
hardware components to communicate with one another. Alternatively referred to as the mb, mainboard, mobo, mobd, backplane
board, base board, main circuit board, planar board, system board, or a logic board on Apple computers.

Brief History of the Motherboard

Prior to the creation of microprocessors, computer systems were assembled in mainframes, with gears which were linked by a
backplane that had numerous slits for linking wires. In previous plans, wires were required to bond card connector pins however,
quickly they became an object of past with the discovery of printed circuit boards. The memory, CPU and additional peripherals
were all created on this PCB.

At some stage in the 1990s, it was discovered that escalating the quantity of peripheral supports on the printed circuit board was
very cost-effective. Therefore, ICs (single Integrated Circuits), proficient of sustaining lowspeed peripherals such as mouse,
keyboards, serial ports, etc., were integrated on the motherboards. During the late 1990s, they started to include full series of
audio, video, networking as well as storage functions on them.

Advanced end functions for graphic cards and 3D gaming were in addition incorporated later. Micronics, AMI, Mylex, Orchid
Technology, DTK, Elitegroup, etc. were a small number of corporations that were early leaders in the development of motherboard
but, groups such as IBM and Apple soon took over. They provided high-end, complicated motherboards that integrated better
attributes and greater functioning over existing motherboards.

Types of Motherboard

a. Integrated Motherboards

Integrated motherboards have all the peripheral device slots, input output ports, serial and parallel ports are mounted on the
board. The connectors for the various devices such as the hard drive connector and floppy disk drive connector are installed
directly on to the motherboard. The major disadvantage of these types of motherboards are that if an individual component of the
motherboard fails, the whole board may need to be replaced and that can be a costly affair at times.

b. Non-integrated Motherboards

• Non-Integrated motherboards have RAM slots integrated on the board. All the input-output ports for

devices such as the serial and parallel port connectors, other controllers such as connectors for hard drive

and floppy disk drives are attached to the system using expansion boards.

Types of Non-Integrated Motherboards

a. Whole board is costlier as compared to integrated board as all the devices and ports, and other connectors for the devices need
to be installed individually.

b. The Non-integrated Motherboards are almost extinct because these types of motherboards are Costly and

not very space efficient.

c.Desktop Motherboards is used in personal computers and desktops. As it is used for applications at home

and in office, this type of motherboard is the most basic type.

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