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SHG Module NRLM
SHG Module NRLM
SHG Module NRLM
♦ xjhc dkSu gS \
lnL;ksa ls lek/kku vkus ds ckn uhps ds va'kksa dks tksM+dj iQSflyhVsVj cksyuk pkfg, A
1- etnwjh
2- ?kj ugha
3- [ksrh ugha
4- jgu&lgu ds Lrj fuEu
5- dtZnkj
6- ca/qvk etnwj
7- fodykax
8- fo/kok
9- cslgkjk
10- xqyxqfy;k
11- vf/kd larku okyk] dksbZ tehu ugha
12- HkjisV [kkuk ugha
13- Hkh[k ekax dj thou&clj djus okyk
♦ ds'k LVMh
y{eh nsoh ,d efgyk gS] mldk dksbZ ugha gS] oks dqN fnuksa ls Hkw[kh gS blfy, mudk 'kjhj dke
ugha dj jgk gS] og 40 lky esa gh cw<+h yxus yxh A mudh >ksiM+h /oLr gks x;h gS vkSj mlh
esa lks jgh gSa] dqN fnuksa ls Hkw[ks jgus ds dkj.k oks dke djus esa vleFkZ gS \ uhan ls mBus ds ckn
oks pqYgs ds ikl x;h] ogka [kkus ds fy, dqN Hkh ugha gS] blfy, VwVs ?kM+s ls nks Xykl ikuh ihdj
vius >ksiM+h ls ckgj vk;h] vkSj dqN dke ds ryk'k esa b/j&m/j dqN nsj HkVdus ds ckn Hkh
mldks dksbZ dke ugha fey ik;k A muesa dke djus dh 'kfDr Hkh ugha gS] vkSj Hkh[k Hkh ekax dj
ugha [kk ldrh gS A nksigj gksus ls lw;Z dh xehZ c<+ x;h blfy, mudk ikao tyus yxh mlh
le; vius lius ls ckgj vk;h vkSj ikl ds iM+kslh us ,d iSdsV iQsadk vkSj iSdsV dks pqids ls
ns[kus ds fy, x;h ml iSdsV esa mlus [kjkc [kkuk ik;k] mUgksaus ;s lkspk dh eSa ;g [kkuk [kkÅa ;k
ugha \ ^^Hkw[k Lokn ugha igpkurk gS] uhan lq[k ugha igpkurk gS** blfy, mlus [kkus dks tYnh ls
[kk yh] exj og [kkuk iwjk [kRe gksus ds igys gh oks mYVh&i[kkuk gksus yxk A MkDVj dks
ns[kkus ds fy, iSlk ugha jgus ds vHkko esa oks ej x;h A
Åij ds ds'k LVMh lnL;ksa dks lqukuss ds ckn uhps okys iz'uks dks iwNuk pkfg, A
1- y{eh nsoh ds ejus ds dkj.k D;k gS \
2- xjhch dk ifj.kke fdruk [kjkc jgrk gS \
3- xjhch ds dkj.k ls ejus okyks dks ge dqN dj ldrs gSa] D;k \
lnL;ksa ls tokc feyus ds ckn uhps fy[ks fcanqvksa dks tksM+dj fu"d"kZ fudkyuk gS %&
1- xjhch ,d [krjukd fLFkfr gS A ;g funksZ"k dh thou fcuk n;k ds ys ysrk gS A
2- ;g O;fDr ds vf/dkj vkSj LokHkheku dks u"V dj nsrk gS A
3- ;g funksZ"k O;fDr dks Hkh ltk nsrk gS A
4- ;g O;fDr dks xyr jkLrs ij tkus ds fy;s foo'k djrk gS A
5- ;g O;fDr ds varj laca/ksa dks u"V djrk gS A
fdlh nq'eu ds lkeus Hkh bl rjg dh ifjfLFkfr ugha vkuh pkfg, A vr% fdlh Hkh rjg ls ,d
mRizsjd (Facilitator) O;fDr dks ,slh xjhch ls ckgj vkus ds fy;s iQSflyhVsV djuk pkfg, A
♦ xjhch dk dkj.k
xjhch ds dkj.kksa ij ppkZ djus ls igys dqN lnL;ksa us lkWai vkSj lh<+h [ksy [ksyk dj ckdh lnL;ksa
dks bl [ksy dks è;ku ls ns[kus ds fy, dguk pkfg, A [ksy ds ckn iQSflfyVsVj dks lewg esa fuEu
iz'uksa dks iwNuk pkfg, A
lkai lh<+h
lkai lh<+h
lkai lh<+h
1- vf'k{kk 1- lkyksa Hkj jkstxkj
2- tkudkjh ugha 2- vPNk iQSlyk
3- lkyksa Hkj dke ugha feyuk 3- f'kf{kr gksuk
4- chekjh 4- tkx:d gksuk
5- 'kjkc 5- lgh etnwjh feyuk
6- rEckdw 6- vk; dh 'krZ
7- iQkyrw dk;Z
8- vf/d larku
9- vf/d ½.k
10- vf/d C;kt
11- de etnwjh
12- jkstxkj dk vHkko
13- gquj dh deh
14- va/fo'okl
1- dqN lnL; D;ksa mij p<+ ugha ld jgsa gS\ mldk D;k dkj.k gSa\ blds fy;s dkSu
ftEesnkj gSa\
2- fdu dkj.kksa ls dqN lnL; mij p<+ ik jgs gSa
3- fdu O;fDrxr dkj.kksa ls os xjhch ls ckgj ugha vk ik jgs gSa
4- fdu lkekftd dkj.kksa ls os xjhch ls ckgj ugha vk ik jgs g
dtZnkj
cPpksa dks fo|ky; ugha Hkstok dj cky etnwjh djokuk
etnwjh] fo/kok] vf'k{kk] cky etnwj cslgkjk
♦ xjhch fo"kpØ
½.k ca/ku gksrs chekjh ds dkj.k dke ugha djrs] ½.kxzLr
xjhch dk izHkko
y?kq ukVd jksy Iys vkSj c`gr~ lewg ppkZ
1- ca/qvk etnwj
2- de etnwjh
3- efgykvksa esa
4- cPps esa
5- xqyxqfy;k
6- cslgkjk
7- vf/d larku okyk
8- vuqlwfpr tutkfr vkSj
vuqlwfpr tkfr
9- vdky iM+uk
♦ xjhch efgykvksa dks cgqr izHkkfor djrh gS A
iSQflysVj dks o'gr lewg esa xjhch fdls T;knk izHkkfor djrh gS bl laca/ esa ppkZ djus ds ckn
fuEu fyf[kr foUnwvksa dks fo'ys"k.k djuk pkfg,A
iQsflfyVsVj fp=k dks fn[kkdj lnL;ksa ls tkuuk pkfg, fd os D;k lh[ks blds ckn iQsflfyVsVj
O;k[;k djrk gS fd ,d xjhc efgyk xjhch ls fdruk izHkkfor gksrh gSA
iz'u% ljdkjh ;kstukvksa dks ysus ds ckotwn egs'k pkS/jh D;ksa xjhc gks jgk gS\
lnL;ksa ls lek/kku vkus ds ckn uhps va'kksa dks tksM+dj fu"d"kZ fudkyuk gSA
1 vkRefo'okl dh deh
2 og ugha tkurk fd D;k djuk gSA
3 mudks nwjn`f"V ugha gSaA
blds ckn isQflfyVsVj uhps okys pkVZ dks fn[kkdj egs'k pkS/jh ds O;fDrxr xyfr;ksa dks lq/kj
dj xjhc ls dSls ckgj vk ldk gS jkLrksa dk fo'kys"k.k djds le>kuk pkfg,A
xjhch gVkus dk mik;
1- tkx:drk
2- lh[kuk
3- tkudkjh gksuk
4- gquj gksuk
5- Qkyrw [kpZ de djuk
6- f'kf{kr gksuk
7- va/fo'okl nwj djuk
8- ljdkjh ;kstuk ds ckjs esa tkudkjh
9- y{;] mn~ns'; ds izfr ladYi gksuk
10- ljdkjh ;kstuk dk lgh mi;ksx djuk
11- jkstxkj dk volj miyC/ djuk
12- vkRefuHkZj gksuk
13- vkfFkZd lgk;rk djuk vanj vkSj ckgj
14- dke dqN djuk
iQSflyhVsVj lnL;ksa ls ;g O;k[;k djrk gS] vdsys xjhch ls ckgj ugha vk ldrk] exj lewg ls
tqM+dj xjhch ls ckgj vk ldrk gS A
♦ jksy Iys
funsZ'k %
bl jksy Iys esa U;wure 7 lnL;ksa dk gksuk t:jh gSA
bu esa ls 6 lnL;ksa dks 2&2 dk tksM+k cukuk gSaA
bu tksM+ksa dks vius&vius dk;ksZ dks djuk gSA
buds chp esa ,d Hkwr vkrk gS isQflfyVsVj bl Hkwr dks Hak;dj fn[kus okyk cukuk pkfg,A
bl Hkwr ds eWqg ls fudyus okys gok ls dke djus okys tksM+s csgks'k gks jgs gSa vkSj dqN
le; ds ckn gks'k esa vk jgs gSa vkSj fiQj ls vius&vius dke dj jgs gSaA
blh rjg lnL;ksa dks Hkwr }kjk gok ls ckj&ckj csgks'k gksus ls os dqN le> ugha ik jgs gS
O;fDr dks xjhch ls ckgj vkus ds fy, lk{kjrk]tkx:drk] vkSj le>nkjh ds vykos
vukisf{kr [kpZ now;Zlu vkSj vU/fo'okl ls ckgj vkuk pkfg,A
O;fDr dks xjhch ls ckgj vkus
blds ckn lHkh lnL;ksa us lksp fopkj dj ,d lkFk feydj gkFk esa gkFk idM+ dj Hkwr dks Hkxk
fn;kA
isQflfyVsVj }kjk bl jksy ds ckn lnL;ksa ls uhps okys iz'u dks iwNuk pkfg, %
Ikz'u% 1 [ksr esa dke djus okys O;fDr;ksa dks Hkwr ns[kus ls D;k gqvk\
2 muyksxksa us feydj Hkwr dks dSls Hkxk fn;k \
isQflfyVsVj % lnL;ksa ls lek/ku ysus ds ckn uhps okys va'kksa @ fcUnwvks dks xjhch nwj djus ds
O;fDr dks loky iwNus dk vf/kdkj@gd T;knk gksuk pkfg,A
vutku fo”k;ksa dks tkuukA
fy, lc fey twy dj dke djus dh vko’;drk dks crkuk pkfg,A O;fDr dks viuh
eksy&rksy 'kfDr dks c<+kuk pkfg, A
fuos'k dk izcU/ djuk pkfg,
dq'kyrk dks c<+kuk pkfg,A
1- tehu ugha
2- vf'kf{kr gksuk
3- gquj ugha gksuk
4- ljdkjh jkstxkj dh tkudkjh
ugha
5- vkenuh de dtZ T;knk
iQSflyhVsVj pkj efgykvksa ds lnL;ksa dks cqykdj /kxk dks dVok fn;k A
vkfFkZd
lkekftd
xjhch i;kZoj.k
jktuhfrd
fuj{kjrk
LokLF;
1 xjhc dkSu gS \
2 xjhc ds izHkko \
3 xjhch ds dkj.k \
4 xjhch ds lkekftd dkj.k D;k gS\
5 xjhch ls ckgj vkus ds D;k jkLrs gSa \
ifj.kke& lnL;ksa dkss xjhch ds dkj.k vkSj xjhch ls ckgj vkus ds jkLrs dh tkudkjh gksrh gSA
izf'k{k.k lkexzh
lykbZ dk fMCck] /kxk] nks rjg ds cht] lkai vkSj lh<+h okyk pkVZ] nks crZu] pkVZ isij A
♦ Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dk egRo
izf'k{k.k dk rjhdk& ekfpl dk frYyh okyk xse] dgkuh] cM+s lewg ifjppkZ A
iQSflyhVsVj dks igys lnL;ksa ls mÙkj ikus dh dksf'k'k djuh pkfg, iqu% uhps fy[ks [ksy dks
[ksyokuk pkfg, A lkFk gh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks ;g lykg nsuk pkfg, fd [ksy dks ckjhdh ls ns[ksa
vkSj le>sa A
[ksy gsrq funsZ'k&
dgkuh& iapra=k (flag vkSj cSy okyh dgkuh)
jktxhj ds taxyksa esa ,d flag jgrk Fkk A cxy ds xkao ls cSyksa dk ,d >wMa izfrfnu
pjus ds fy, taxy tk;k djrk Fkk A izfrfnu flag ,d&,d cSy dks ekj dj [kk tkrk Fkk A
var esa lkjs cSyksa us feydj ,d ;kstuk cuk;h fd viuh j{kk djus ds fy, ge ,d lkFk taxy
tk,axs A ml fnu ds ckn lkjs cSy ,d lkFk taxy x, vkSj feydj flag ls yM+us yxs A varr%
flag gkj x;k vkSj Mj dj taxy ls Hkkx x;k A vc lkjs cSy fcuk fdlh Hk; ds taxy tkus
yxs vkSj vkjke ls pjus yxs A
bl dgkuh ds ckn izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls fuEufyf[kr loky iwNuk pkfg, A
1- cSyksa esa ,drk dSlh vk;h A
2- vxj cSyksa esa ,drk ugha vkrh rks D;k gksrk A
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj vkus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks fuEufyf[kr O;k[;k djuh pkfg, A
xjhc lnL; xjhch ds [krjs ls fliQZ ,drk vkSj lkewfgd iz;kl ds cy ij gh ckgj vk
ldrh gS A
igyk dne& ekfpl dh frYyh dks ,d&,d djds vyx&vyx lnL;ksa ds chp ckaV nsa vkSj
mUgsa rksMu+ s ds fy, dgas A lnL; ekfpl dh frYyh dks vklkuh ls rksM+ nsxa s A
nwljk dne& QSflyhVsVj dks izf'k{k.kfFkZ;ksa esa ls fdlh ,d rst&rjkjZ lnL; dks /kxs ls ,d
lkFk ca/ks gq, lykbZ dh frfYy;ksa dks nsa vkSj mls rksMu+ s ds fy, dgsa A ijf.kke D;k gksxk fd
og lnL; mls ,d ckj esa ugha rksM+ ik;sxh D;ksfa d ,d lkFk gksus ds dkj.k mlesa etcwrh vk
x;h A
mijksDr nksuksa dne ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks lnL;ksa ls mlds fopkj tkuus pkfg, vkSj fuEukafdr
iz'uksa dks iwNuk pkfg,&
iz'u&
1- igyh ckj esa lnL;ksa us ekfpl dh frYyh dks vklkuh ls D;ksa rksM+ fn;k\
2- rst ,oa rjkjZ lnL; ca/ks gq, frfYy;ksa dks D;ksa ugha rksM+ ldh\
izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa ls visf{kr mÙj ikus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks bl [ksy ds eq[; lh[k dks
Li"V djus pkfg, vkSj ;g le>kuk pkfg, fd vdsyh efgyk xjhch ls ckgj ugha fudy
ldrh gS A ;fn 10&15 efgyk,a ,d lkFk tqMd + j lewg cuk ysrh gS rks lnL;ksa dh ,drk]
rkdr c<+xs h vkSj bl rjg os yksx Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds ek/;e ls xjhch ls ckgj vk
ldrh gS A
♦ xjhch & lewg ls lek/kku
fof/ % I L M- DEMONSTRATION
,d cSywu esa gok Hkjdj rS;kj j[kuk pkfg, A
cSywu dks pkj /kkxksa esa cka/kuk pkfg, A
gjsd /kkxk dks xjhch dh dkj.k crkuk pkfg, A
1- tehu ugha
2- vf’kf{kr gksuk
iQSflyhVsVj pkj efgykvksa ds lnL;ksa dks cqykdj /kxk dks dkVok n;k A (41)
vkfFkZd
lkekftd
xjhch i;kZoj.k
jktuhfrd
fuj{kjrk
LokLF;
blds ckn pkVZ ua0 13 fn[kkuk pkfg, A
Jfedksa ds lewg vkSj Lo;a
lgk;rk lewg esa varj
pkVZ dks fn[kkus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks lnL;ksa esa fuEukafdr iz'uksa iwNuk pkfg,&
1- nksuksa pkVZ esa vkius D;k ns[kk\
2- D;k os yksx ,d nwljs dks eku ns jgs gS\a
3- D;k muesa vkil esa HkkbZpkjs dh Hkkouk gS\
4- D;k muesa ,d&nwljs dks enn djus dh Hkkouk gS\
5- mijksDr nksuksa lewg esa fdls Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ekuk tk,xk\
xhr
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj ikus
ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks Lo;a
lgk;rk lewg vo/kkj.kk
ij ,d xkuk xkdj lqukuk
pkfg, A
iQSflyhVsVj dks lnL;ksa dks mijksDr nksuksa esa varj Li"V djus ds fy, le; nsuk pkfg, vkSj
ppkZ ds ckn mldks fuEu :i esa le>kuk pkfg, &
1- dksbZ mn~n's ; ,oa y{; ugha A 2- lnL; viuh ethZ ls vkrs vkSj tkrs gSa
3- ;g vLFkkbZ gSa A 4- dksbZ fuf’pr fu;e] lnL; 'krZ ,oa
ftEesokjh ugha A
5- ys[kkadu ugha A
iQSflyhVsVj dks lnL;ksa ls ;g tkuus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg, fd ;gka ds xkaoksa esa igys ls gh
fdl rjg ds lewg ;k lfefr dke dj jgs gS\a
1- f'k{kk lfefr
2- tyNktu lfefr
3- Jfed lfefr
4- Ekkrk lfefr
5- jktuhfrd lfefr
♦ lewg@lfefr& ifjHkk"kk
,d fuf'pr lnL;ksa dk ,d ,slk lewg tks fdlh [kkl mn~n's ; dh iwfrZ ds fy, cuk, tkrs
gSa vkSj bl mn~n's ; dh iwfrZ gsrq vkil esa ppkZ djrs gSa vkSj leL;kvksa dk lek/kku feydj
djrs gS]a mls lewg ;k lfefr dgk tkrk gS A
iQSflyhVsVj dks xkao esa ekStnw dqN LFkkuh; lfefr;ksa dk mnkgj.k nsuk pkfg, vkSj mldh
rqyuk lefr@Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ls djuh pkfg, A
Lo;a lgk;rk lewg
Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dh vko';drk&
izf’k{k.k dk rjhdk&dsl LVMh] cM+k lewg ifjppkZ] pkVZl
,dy iz;kl (y{; ls cgqr) lkewfgd iz;kl (thr dk vklku jkLrk) ihNs
pkVZ fn[kkus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls ;g loky iwNuk pkfg, fd y{; dh izkfIr ds fy,
D;k ,d vdsyk lnL; dkQh gSa ;k cgqr lkjs lnL;ksa ds }kjk y{; dks vklkuh ls vkSj le;
ij izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gS \
Lo;a lgk;rk lewg (ifjokj ds fodkl dk vk/kj)
izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls pkVZl esa fn[kk, x, mijksDr rhuksa fo"k;ksa ds ckjs esa fopkj tkuuk pkfg,
vkSj Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds ykHkksa ds O;k[;k bl
izdkj djuh pkfg, A
1- lkewfgdrk esa c`f¼)
2- rkdr esa c`f¼)
3- tkx:drk esa c`f¼)
4- lqj{kk esa c`f¼)
5- bPNk 'kfDr esa c`f¼)
6- lalk/kuksa rd igapq vkSj mi;ksx {kerk esa
c`f¼)
7- ljdkjh laLFkkvksa ,oa vU; nwljs laLFkkvksa ls lg&lac/a esa c`f¼)
8- xkao dh cqfu;knh lqfo/kvksa rd igap
q
9- lkekftd vkfFkZd fodkl
jksy&Iys
jksy Iys ds fy, t:jh phts&a 12 lnL;] ,d cqd dhij] ,d Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds lkjs
[kkrk&cgh A
jksy&Iys gsrq funsZ'k&
1- 12 lnL;ksa esa ls ,d v/;{k] ,d lfpo vkSj ,d dks”kk/;{k dk pquko gks tkuk
pkfg, A
2- rhuksa inkf/kdkjh ckdh lkjs lnL;ksa dks lkewfgd ifjppkZ esa iztkrkaf=d rjhds ls Hkkx
ysus ds fy, izkRs lkfgr djrh gS A
3- ,d nwljs ls vknj ls ckr djrh gS A
4- lHkh lnL; ,d&,d dj ckr djrh gS vkSj tc ,d lnL; cksyrh gS rks ckdh lkjs
lnL; mls /;kuiwod Z lqurh gS A
5- lkjs lnL; xksykdkj voLFkk esa ,d&nwljs dh vksj eqga fd, cSBs gSa vkSj cSBd dj jgs
gSa A
jksy&Iys dh izfdz;k& lkjs lnL; xksykdkj voLFkk esa cSBrs gS]a izkFkZuk djrs gSa A mifLFkfr
yh tkrh gS vkSj lHkh lnL; viuk&viuk ifjp; nsrs gSa A lewg dh v/;{k lkjs lnL;ksa dk
cSBd ds fy, Lokxr djrh gS A vkSj lnL;ksa ls ml fnu ds cSBd ds fy, v/;{k pquus dk
lykg nsrh gS A ,d lnL; v/;{k pqu yh tkrh gS] iqu% lewg dh v/;{k fiNys cSBd dh
leh{kk djrh gS vkSj ml izLrko ds lanHkZ esa tks dk;Zokgh dh x;h mldk ewY;kadu djrh gS
A cSBd dh rkRdkfyd v/;{k cpr tek djokrh gS A dtZ okilh djrh gS A nks"kh lnL;ksa
ls naM ysrh gS] iqu% dqN lnL; dtZ dh ekax djrh gS vkSj ppkZ ds mijkar izkFkfedrk ds
vk/kj ij dtZ Lohd`r gks tkrk gS A lnL; fu;eksa dh ppkZ djrs gSa A ys[kkadu ds egRo dh
ppkZ djrh gS vkSj cpr vkSj ½.k izc/a ij ppkZ djrh gS A lkFk gh ljdkjh ;kstukvksa vkilh
,drk vkSj nwljs egRoiw.kZ fcUnqvksa ij ppkZ djrh gS A cqd dhij lkjh dk;Zokgh dks cSBd cgh
esa fy[krh gS vkSj lkjs ysu&nus dks lacfa /r cgh esa fy[krh gS A jksy&Iys ds ckn izf'k{kd dks
lnL;ksa ls mij of.kZr jksy&Iys ds lanHkZ esa fuEukafdr loky iwNuk pkfg, A
iz'u%
1- D;k lewg dh cSBd esa lkjh lnL;ksa us Hkkx fy;k\
2- D;k lewg esa lHkh lnL;ksa dks lewg ds lkjs ysu&nsu dh tkudkjh gS\
3- D;k lewg esa ikjnf'kZrk gS\
4- D;k v/;{k] cqd dhij vkSj nwljs lnL; viuh ftEesokjh lgh ls fuHkk jgs gS\a
izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls mijksDr lkjs iz'uksa ds mÙkj tkuus ds ckn Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds
fo'ks"krkvksa dh O;k[;k fuEu rjg ls djuh pkfg, A
1- 10 ls 15 xjhc ;k xjhcksa esa xjhc efgyk,a feydj ,d lewg cuk ldrh gSa A
2- cSBd ikap fl¼karksa ds vk/kj ij fd, tkus pkfg, A
♦ lkIrkfgd cSBd
♦ lkIrkfgd cpr
♦ cSBd esa vkarfjd ysu&nsu
♦ ½.k dh le; ij okilh
♦ lewg ds [kkrk&cgh dk mfpr ys[kkadu
3- fliQZ cSBd ds nkSjk lewg ds lkjs foÙkh; ysu&nsus gksus pkfg, A
4- izR;sd o”kZ u, inkf/dkfj;ksa dk pquko gksuk pkfg, A
5- lewg ds fu;ekuqlkj lnL;ksa dks dtZ dh fd'r fu;fer :i ls djuk pkfg, A
6- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dks viuk ekfld izfrosnu rS;kj djuk pkfg, vkSj bls vius
izfrfuf/ ds ek/;e ls dh cSBd esa izLrqr djuk pkfg, A
7- izR;sd rhu ekg esa lewg dk vkarfjd vad{s k.k ,oa ,d lky esa okg~; vad{s k.k gksuk
pkfg, A
8- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds lnL;ksa esa ikjnf'kZrk] lg;ksx] lgHkkfxrk vkfn dk Hkko gksuk pkfg, A
jksy&Iys
1- fdlku vkSj mldk csVk
2- eNyh idM+uk
,d fdlku vius [ksrksa esa dke dj jgk Fkk mldk csVk Hkh ikl gh esa [ksy jgk Fkk A ogha ij ,d
vke dk isM+ Fkk A fdlku dk csVk cksy ckiw&ckiw eq>s vke pkfg, A esjs fy, vke rksM+ nks uk A
fdlku viuk dke NksMd + j vke ds isM+ ds djhc vkdj ,d MaMs dh lgk;rk ls vke rksMd + j
vius csVs dks fn;k vkSj fQj [ksrs esa tkdj dke djus yxk A FkksMh+ nsj ckn fQj mldk csVk vke [kkus
dh ftn~nh djus yxk A fdlku vke ds isM+ ls ,d vke rksM+ dj fQj fn;k vkSj dke djus yxk
mldk yM+dk ckj&ckj vke [kkus ds ckn vke dh ekax djrk A fdlku ds dke esa :dkoV vkrh
fdlku us lkspk fd D;ksa os vius yM+ds dks vke rksMu+ k gh lh[kk nwa A vke rksMu+ k lh[kk fn;k vkSj
fdlku vkjke ls vius [ksr esa dke djus yxk A
blds ckn izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa dks eNyh idM+us okys fo”k; dks Li"V djuk pkfg, A
iqu% izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls Lo&lgk;rk vkSj mijksDr jksy&Iys vkSj pkVZl fp=k ls feyh lh[k
ds ckjs esa muds fopkj tkurs gq, fuEu rjg ls Lo&lgk;rk dh ifjHkk”kk nsuh pkfg, A
nwljs ij fuHkZj gksus ds ctk; viuk dke Lora= vkSj vius ls gh djuk Lo&lgk;rk dgykrk
gS A
Lo&lgk;rk ds xq.k&
1- nwljs ij fuHkZjrk dks de djuk A
2- viuh leL;k dk lek/ku Lo;a djuk A
3- vkRe fo'okl dk c<+kuk A
4- lekt esa vknj vkSj igpku feyuk A
5- etnwjh ,oa volj dk c<+uk A
6- Kku] {kerk vkSj tkudkjh esa c`fn gksuk A
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj tkuus ds ckn izf’k{kd dks vius fopkj tksMr+ s gq, fuEu :i ls
le>kuk pkfg, A
& Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds lnL;ksa dks ,d nwljs dh j{kk djuh pkfg,] lg;ksx djuh pkfg, vkSj
muds lkekftd&vkfFkZd vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus esa enn djuh pkfg, A
& lkFk gh mUgsa viuh xjhch dks nwj djus gsrq lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx] ljdkjh ;kstukvksa vkSj cSd
a
rd igap q rFkk vk; dh xfrfof/k;ka ;k rks vdsys ;k lkewfgd :i esa djuk pkfg, A
♦ lewg fdldk cuuk pkfg,&
rjhdk& mnkgj.k pkVZl
izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr mnkgj.k nsuk pkfg, A
mnkgj.k&1
& lsong xkao dh dkyks nsoh vke dk vkpkj cukuk pkgrh gS] og cktkj tkdj vke [kjhn
ykrh gS] ysfdu og ns[k ugha ldh fd vke fdl rjg dk gS] os [kV~Vs Lokn okys gSa ;k ehVs
Lokn okys] ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd dqN vke [kV~Vs Lokn okys vkSj dqN vke ehBs Lokn okys ys
vk;h vkSj nksuksa dks feyk&tqyk dj vkpkj cuk fn;k A
izf'k{kd dks visf{kr mÙkj tkuus ds ckn lnL;ksa ls fuEufyf[kr loky iwNdj le>kuk pkfg,&
· bl mnkgj.k ls ge D;k le>sa \
mnkgj.k&2
rhu rjg ds cht dks ,d lkFk feykdj fn[kkuk] ,d beyh dk cht] pus dk cht] lse dk
cht A
var esa izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr ckrsa Li"V djuk pkfg, A Lo;a lgk;rk lewg esa lkjs lnL;
,d leku lekftd] vkfFkZd ifjokj ls vkus pkfg, vkSj lHkh ,d gh Vksys dh gksuh pkfg,]
lkFk gh lewg xBu esa vR;ar xjhc vkSj xjhc dks izkFkfedrk feyuh pkfg, A
& vius lnL;ksa dks dtZ nsus ds fy, lewg dks cSd
a ksa ls vkSj nwljs foÙkh; laLFkkvksa ls lac/a tksMr+ s
jguk pkfg, A
&vkarfjd ysu&nsu gksrs jguk pkfg, A
&lHkh lnL;ksa ds }kjk fu.kZ; fy, tkus pkfg, A
&[kkrk&cgh dk ys[kkadu fu;fer :i ls viMsV djrs jguk pkfg, A
&xzke laxBu dh lnL;rk gksuk pkfg, A
&vius lnL;ksa dks tkx:drk txkus okys cSBdksa vkSj izf'k{k.k dk;Zdez ksa esa Hkstus dk ekSdk nsuk
pkfg, A
&lewg ds lnL;ksa ds chp ijLij lg;ksx] leUo; vkSj vkilh le> iSnk djuk A
& lHkh ljdkjh ;kstukvksa esa Hkkx ysuk a
& lkFk gh lkekftd fodkl okys dk;Zdez esa Hkkx ysuk A
fu"d"kZ&
izf'k{kd dks lHkh fcanvq ksa ij loky iwNdj lnL;ksa dk fopkj tkuuk pkfg, vkSj izf'k{k.k
lekIr djuk pkfg, A
lnL;ksa dks lewg ls feyus okyh lsok;sa A
mn~n’s ;%& lnL;ksa us lewg nsus dk lsok dks Åij iwjk vkokxgu ysrs gSa A
1- fcuk cpr
2- t:jh cpr
iQSflyhVsVj nl lnL;ksa ls
pqudj mlls lewg gksus dk
ls oks ds Åij ,d jksy Iys
uhps tSlk djokuk A
Lwkpuk%&
1- igys nl lnL;ksa ls lekos'k ‘k: djuk A
2- tks ehfVax dks ,d lnL;ksa dks cqd dhij vkSj ,d lnL; dks uk;d cksyuk gS A
3- lc lnL;ksa igys t:jh cpr uk;d dks nsuk A
4- jksy Iys iwjh gksus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj lnL;ksa dks uhps fn;s x;s iz'u dks iwNuk A
iQSflyhVsVj us lnL;ksa dks C;kt nsus dk rjhdksa ds Åij le>us ds fy;s uhps tSlk iz'u
iwNuk A
eq[; iz'u & vkids lewg ds vanj lnL;ksa ds fdrus rjhdk dk C;kt nsrs gSa A
o`g~r lewg ds vanj ppkZ djds &&&&& va'kksa dks tksMu+ s ds ckn lewg] lnL;ksa dks rhu rjg
dk C;kt nsrs gS]a ;s rhu rjQ C;kt nsus dk vko';d ckjs esa &&&&&& lewg ds vanj ppkZ
dh fof/ ls cksyuk gS A
♦ O;fDrxr C;kt
♦ dqN lnL;ksa dks nsus dk ½.k A
♦ lewg fliQkfj'k djds lnL;ksa dks ckgj laLFkkvksa ls fnykus dk ½.k A
O;fDrxr ½.k
lnL;ksa dks mldk volj] cpr] gkftjh] iqjkuk ½.k dk okil ns[kdj O;fDrxr ½.k nsrs
gSa A
dqN lnL;ksa dks nsus dk ½.k
♦ tSlk ½.k lk/kj.k mRikfnr dk;Zdez ds fy, nsrs gSa A
♦ vdsyk ,d lzksr@fuiq.krk de gqvk rks lewg ds vanj tSls lnL;ksa yksxksa dks ,d
lkFk mRiknd dk;Zdez ds fy, ½.k ys ldrk gS A
♦ lewg lnL;ksa dks mRiknd dk;Zdez ds fy, ½.k nsus ds fy, fHkUu&fHkUu fcUnqvksa dks
ns[kdj mnkgj.k& ekdsVZ ] [kfut inkFkZ vkSj vk;&O;; ns[kdj eatjw djrs gSa A
dsl LVMh%
ukyank ftys esa fcjtw feYdh xkao ds vanj tu fodkl lewg esa ikoZfr nsoh lnL;rk Fkh mUgksua s
ikap lky ls ykxrkj cpr dj jgh gSa A oks igys fy, nks ½.k dks okil tek djsa rFkk vxys
lky esa tu fodkl lewg dk dke ns[kdj lewg dks ½.k eatjw fd;k] igyh ikoZrh nsoh dk
lkFk ikap lnL;ksa dks ½.k eatjw gqbZ A lewg ls ½.k dk iSlk ysdj cktkj esa cdjh [kjhn yh
A cdjhgjsd fnu ?kkl dks gj fnu eSnku esa ?kkl pjrs gSa A dqN fnu ds ckn ,d fnu vpkud
iwjk cdfj;ka chekj iM+ x;h A ikoZrh nsoh us Hkkxj MkDVj ykus ds fy, xbZ A MkDVj dks cqykdj
?kj ykbZ] vkus ds ckn oks ns[kh dh iwjh cdfj;ka ej xbZa A ns[kdj oks jksus yxh A cSd
a dks yksu
Hkjus ds fy, eqf'dy gks xbZ A
Åij dk dgkuh lnL;ksa dks lqudj uhps tSlk iz'u djuk gS A
eq[; iz'u%&
♦ ikoZrh nsoh us MkDVj ds ikl D;ksa xbZ A
♦ ikoZrh us D;ksa jksbZ A
♦ ikoZrh nsoh C;kt okil djus ds fy, D;ksa esgur djuk iM+k A
♦ ikoZrh nsoh dk gkfu Hkjus ds fy, D;k djs rks vPNk yxsxk A
Åij dk iz'u ls tokc ysus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj chek dk vo’; vyx&vyx chek lqfo/k
enn ds ckjs lnL;ksa dks cksyuk A
1- O;fDrxr chek ;kstuk
2- Lkk/kj.k chek ;kstuk
3- vkjksX; chek ;ksts uk
4- laifÙk chek ;kstuk
5- [ksrh j{ku chek ;kstuk
6- eqxhZ] tkuoj chek ;kstuk
7- lewg chek ;kstuk
8- lnL;ksa Nqik;s lks leku ds chek ;kstuk
♦ [kfut inkFkZ
♦ fuoZgu fof/
♦ cktkj
♦ vU; lqfo/k
♦ iwta h
oSlk tokc ysus ds ckn lewg Hkh FkksMk+ mRiknd lsok lnL; yksxksa dks nhft,xk A cksydj
iQSflyhVsVj lnL;ksa dks fooj.k nsuk gS A
lewg nsus dk O;kikj lgk;~; lsok
♦ O;kikj fuoZgu ds lacaf/r
& O;kikj :i dYiuk
& iqLrd fuoZgu
& fuiq.krk c<+kuk
♦ lkadsfrd lsok
& mÙke fof/
& [kfut inkFkZ dk mi;ksx
& mRiknd pquko
♦ eaMh lsok
& eaMh pquus dk fof/k
& vyx&vyx eaMh ds ckjs esa ekywe djuk
& eaMh ds vuqlkj mRiknu dk cnyuk
& iSfdax] nke dk fu.kZ;] caVokjk djuk
♦ jQjy lsok
& lewg us dHkh&dHkh lnL;ksa dks t:jh lgk;~; nsus esa etcwjh gS A tSlh lsok lnL;ksa dks dgka
ls feysxk ml lekpkj lewg esa nsrh gS A
eq[; iz'u%
xkao esa xjhc yksxksa D;k&D;k leL;k loky dj jgk gS \
tSls leL;kvksa ls dSls vkxs c<+ ldrs gSa \ lnL;ksa ls tokc ysus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj us lewg
dk lnL;ksa dks vk;dkj lsokvksa dsoy u gSa A lkekftd leL;k] thou&;kiu vkxs c<+us ds
fy;s vfHko`fn) dk;Zdez ysrs gSa A cksy dj uhps fn;s x;s va'kksa dk fooj.k nsuk A
1- lkekftd ijs'kkuh
& ngst
& e|iku fu”ks/k
& cky etnwjh
& cky&fookg
& va/fo'okl
& fuj{kjrk
& fyax foPNsnrk
& tkfr dk Hksn
& efgyk vkjksX; leL;k
2- lkekftd fodkl dk;Zdze
& O;fDrxr lkiQ&liQkbZ ds Åij voxr c<+kuk
& xzke lM+d dk vfHko`fn)
& ifjokj fu;kstu dk c<+kuk
& ou laj{k.k dk;Zdez ysuk
& ihus dk ikuh ds fy;s enn djuk
iYl&iksfy;ks es lgk;rk djuk] lnL;ksa dks vkSj mudk ifjokj dks lkekftd leL;k ds Åij
voxr fnykuk A
& U;k; lac/a kh lsok
& oS| lgk;rk nsuk
& ifjokj dkmaflfyax lsok
& fjQjy lsok
izf'k{k.k
fof/& czus LVksjfeax
iQSflyhVsVj lnL;ksa dks uhps fn;s x;s iz’uksa ds vuqlkj iQSflyhVsVj fdl rjg ds izf'k{k.k nsuk
gS iwNuk pkfg, A
eq[; iz'u%&
vkidks izf'k{k.k vko';d gS D;k \ fdu&fdu va'kksa esa izf'k{k.k vko';d gS
lnL;ksa tokc nsus ds ckn lewg esa D;k&D;k izf'k{k.k vko’;d gS] mudks dSlh izf'k{k.k lewg
nsrh gS] iQSflyhVsVj crkuk A
& cgh&[kkrk
& lewg fuoZgu
& lewg nsus dk lsok
& uk;d vkSj lnL;ksa dk dk;Z vkSj ftEesnkjh
& vk;dj vfHko`fn) vkSj jkstxkj ;kstuk dk;Zdez
& {ks=k len'kZu
& lkekftd lsok
& cSda ls lac/a j[kuk
& ljdkjh vkSj futh laLFkkvksa dk ;kstuk dk ykHk ysuk
eq[; iz'u&
ckgj ds laLFkkvksa ds lkFk D;ksa j[kuk gS A
lnL;ksa ls tokc ysus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj uhps fcanv
q ksa ds Åij fooj.k nsuk A
& t:jr phtksa dks bdV~Bk dj ysuk
& lekpkj irk djuk
& **,d laxfBr 'kfDr** tSlk vkfoHkkZo gksuk
& izf'k{k.k dk volj iwjh djuk
& gd dks dk;e j[kuk
& nwljs laLFkkvksa ls ykHk izkIr djuk
blfy, lewg mldk t:jr tSls laLFkkvksa ls lacfa /kr gksuk] mnkgj.k& lewg dks cpr nsus ds
fy, iQaM de gqvk rks cpr nsus dk laLFkkvksa ls feydj ml laLFkkvksa dks gksus dk &&&&&&
dek ds lac/a ysuk gS A
lnL;ksa vkSj laLFkkvksa ds ikl dSlh vuql/a kku gqb]Z crkus ds fy, iQSflyhVsVj uhps fn;s x;s
ih0vkj0,0 fof/ esa fuoZgu djuk A
lwpuk&
& ,d dkxt ysdj xksy tSlk vyx&vyx lkbtksa esa dkVuk A
& vkSj ,d pkVZ ds Åij lewg dk uke lnL;ksa ds lkFk ppkZ cudj fofHkUu laLFkkvksa
dk uke fy[kuk] oks laLFkkvksa dk ize[q k vuqlkj ls cM+k] NksVk xksy dkVdj pkVZ ds Åij
fy[kukA
& ckn esa lnL;ksa dks uhps fn;s x;s iz’u dks iwNuk A
eq[; iz'u&
& izLrqr bu laLFkkvksa ls dSlk miyC/k ys jgs gSa A
1- ohfM;ks dSlVs
2- jksy&Iys
3- NksVs lewg dk ppkZ
4- dsl LVMh
5- iSlk cnyus dk [ksy
6- fp=kiV
ifjHkk"kk& dqN lnL;ksa ls cus gq, lewg ,d fuf'pr fnu] le; esa r; fd, x, LFkku ij
feyrs gS]a r; fd, x, fcan@q eqn~ns ij ppkZ djrs gSa vkSj feydj vius leL;k ds lek/ku djus
dh dksf'k'k djrs gSa A bls cSBd dgk tkrk gS A
cSBd dk egRo
rjhdk& ;knk'r (;kn j[kus) dk [ksy@fnekxh dljr
lykg& izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa esa ls 30&40 NksV&s NksVs pht tSl&s fiu] jcM+] da?kh] pwMh+ ] ekyk
bR;kfn tek djok dj bldks Nqikdj j[kuk pkfg, vkSj ,d rst lnL; dks vkus ds fy, dguk
pkfg, A
& ml lnL; dks cxy esa ys tkdj <d dj j[ks x, lkjs phtksa dks fn[kkuk gS vkSj mls ,d
feuV rd ns[kus ds fy, dgrk gS A
& iqu% lkjs phtksa dks diM+s ls <d nsrk gS rkfd nwljs lnL; ns[k u ldsa A
& izf'k{kd ml rst lnL; dks lkjs phtksa ds uke ,d&,d dj cksyus ds fy, dgrk gS vkSj
mls fy[krk tkrk gS A
& mlds ckn og phtksa ij ls diM+k gVk nsrk gS vkSj iqu% lkjs lnL;ksa ls ,d feuV rd ns[kus
ds fy, dgrk gS vkSj fiQj phtksa dks diM+s ls <d nsrk gS A
& vkSj fiQj lkjs lnL;ksa ls phtksa ds uke crkus ds fy, dgrk gS A vkSj mls fy[krk tkrk gS
[ksy [kRe gksus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls fuEufyf[kr loky iwNus pkfg,&
cSBd dk egRo
♦ cpr] dtZ okilh] C;kt vkfn tek djus dk volj nsrk gS vkSj lHkh lnL;ksa dh
tkudkjh esa fdlh efgyk dks dtZ fn;k tkrk gS ftlls lewg esa ikjnf'kZrk vkrh gS A
♦ lkekftd eqn~nksa ij ppkZ djus dk volj A
♦ lnL;ksa ls dtZ okilh gksrh gS vkSj dtZ ugha pqdkus okyh efgykvksa ij ncko iM+rk gS
♦ lnL; dh cqf¼ vkSj {kerk dk fodkl gksrk gS A
♦ lnL;ksa esa lkewfgd 'kfDr vkrh gS A
♦ lnL; lewg ds lHkh phtksa ds ckjs esa tku tkrs gSa ftlls ikjnf'kZrk vkrh gS A
♦ lkewfgd fu.kZ; ysus dk ekSdk A
♦ lnL;ksa esa ijLij ln~Hkko esa fodkl
♦ lewg dh dqO;oLFkkvksa dks de djrk gS A
♦ lewg ds ewY;kadu dk ,d LFkku gS A
jksy&Iys& (1)
♦ lnL; xksykdkj :i esa ugha cSBxas s
♦ cSBd esa vkrs gh cpr ,oa dtZ
okilh 'kq: dj nsxa s A
♦ izf'k{k.kfFkZ;ksa esa ls nks ckgjh
lnL; v/;{k ls u, dtZ
ekaxrh gS A
♦ nks&rhu lnL; cSBd 'kq: gksus
ds ckn chp esa vkrs gSa A
♦ cpr vkSj dtZ okilh ds ckn efgyk,a cSBd ls mBdj pyh tkrh gSa A
♦ [kkrk&cgh dk dksbZ ys[kk&tks[kk ugha gksrk gS A
jksy&Iys (2)
♦ lHkh lnL; xksydkj :i esa cSBrs gSa A
♦ cSBd dh ‘kq:vkr izkFkZuk ls gksrh gS A
♦ lHkh lnL; viuk&viuk ifjp; nsrs gSa A
♦ cSBd dh la[;k] fnu] LFkku ,oa le; fy[kk tkrk gS A
♦ rkRdkfyd v/;{k dk pquko gksrk gS A
♦ ppkZ ds fcanq ;k eqn~nk r; gksrk gS A
& mifLFkfr
& fiNys cSBd dh leh{kk
& cpr
& dtZ (ewy/ku+C;kt) okilh
& u, dtZ
& lkekftd eqn~ns
♦ lkjs tek jde cSBd esa gksrs gSa vkSj rkRdkfyd v/;{k ds ikl tek gksrk gS A
♦ lewg ds [kkrk&cgh vkSj lnL;ksa ds O;fDrxr ikl cqd dks lewg ds cqd dhij dh enn
ls fy[kk tkrk gS A
♦ dk;Zokgh cgh esa nLr[kr djrs gSa A
♦ cSBd ds v/;{k }kjk cSBd dh lekfIr dh ?kks”k.kk ds ckn gh lnL; cSBd NksMr+ s gSa
nksuksa jksy&Iys ds ckn izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa dks fuEu pkVZ fn[kkuk pkfg, vkSj fuEufyf[kr
iz'u iwNuk pkfg,&
iz'u&
(1) vPNs cSBd esa vkius D;k&D;k
ns[kk\
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj vkus ds ckn
izf'k{kdksa dks fuEu fcanv
q ksa dks tksMd
+ j
le>kuk pkfg,&
1- xksykdkj :i esa cSBd dh O;oLFkk
♦ lekurk dk Hkko
♦ lc ,d&nwljs dks ns[k lds]a ,d&nwljs ls ckr dj ldsa vkSj [kkrs&cgh ds ys[kkadu dks ns[k
ldsa A
♦ xSj lnL;ksa ls varj fd;k tk lds A
2- izkFkZuk ls cSBd dh ‘kq:vkr djuk
♦lnL;ksa ds fny esa ‘kkafr dk Hkko vk tkrk gS A
♦ cSBd ds ‘kq: gksus dk ladrs A
♦ lewg ds izfr vknj Hkko
3- lnL;ksa dk ifjp;
♦ lnL;ksa dk vkRecy c<+rk gS A
♦ lHkh lnL; ,d&nwljs ds ckjs esa T;knk ls T;knk tku ldssa A
♦ lHkh lnL; nwljs lnL; ds ckjs esa mudh muqifLFkfr esa Hkh lewg ls ckgj ds lnL;ks@a
inkf/dkfj;ksa dks lwpuk ns ldsa A
4- rkRdkfyd v/;{k dk pquko
♦ lHkh lnL;ksa esa ckjh&ckjh ls usr‘Ro xq.k vk lds A
♦ lewg ds fu;fer inkf/dkfj;ksa ij ls cSBd djokus dh fuHkZjrk dks de djuk A
♦ usr`Ro ifjorZu vklkuh ls gks lds A
♦ lHkh lnL;ksa dks cSBd dh izfdz;k dh tkudkjh gksuk A
5- ppkZ ds fcanq@eqn~nk dks r; djuk
♦ de le; esa T;knk eqn~nksa ij ppkZ gks lds A
♦ izkFkfedrk ds vk/kkj ij eqn~ns ,d&,d dj mBk;k tk lds A
♦ vklkuh ls ;kn j[kk tk lds A
♦ cSBd ds mn~n’s ; dks iwjk fd;k tk lds A
6- lewg ds [kkrk&cgh dk cSBd esa ys[kkadu
♦ [kkrk cgh esa fy[kus esa gsj&Qsj ugha fd;k tk lds A
♦ lkjs lnL;ksa dks lewg dh ,oa futh ysu&nsu dh tkudkjh gks lds A
♦ lewg esa foÙkh; C;kSjk djuk iM+rk gS A
♦ lnL;ksa esa vkilh fo'okl vkSj vkRecy c<+krk gS A
♦ vfu;fer lnL; (cSBd esa Hkkx ugha ysus okyh lnL;) dks nwljs lnL;ksa ds }kjk ncko
Mkyk tk lds A
7- cqd dhij dk egRo@egÙkk@vko';drk
♦ lewg ds [kkrk&cgh dks cSBd esa fy[krk gS A
♦ lnL;ksa dks le>kuk vkSj izfs jr djuk A
♦ lewg dk cSBd izfdz;k ds vuqlkj djokuk A
8- gkFk dh tek jkf’k dks cSBd dh v/;{k ds ikl j[kuk
♦ izR;sd lnL; dks ,d lIrkg rd iSlk vius ikl j[kus dk ekSdk feyrk gS] ftlls lewg
ds inkf/dkfj;ksa ds fcuk Hkh lnL;ksa esa foÙkh; rF;ksa dks lqy>kus dk {kerk vk lds A
9- lnL;ksa ds lkeus cSBd dh dk;Zokgh dks i<+uk
♦ dk;Zokgh ,d fnu ds iwjs cSBd dk vkbuk gksrk gS] vr% blds c<+ tkus ls lnL;ksa esa lewg
ds izfr fo’okl c<+rk gS A
♦ ys[kkadu esa xyrh gksus ij mls lq/kkjk tk ldrk gS A
10- cSBd cgh esa lnL;ksa dk gLrk{kj ysuk
♦ fy, x, fu.kZ; ,oa izLrko ij lnL;ksa dh lgefr gS A
♦ cSBd esa fy, x, fu.kZ; dks ekuus ds fy, lnL; ck/; gS A
lkekftd eqnn~ s
LFkkuh;rk ds vk/kkj ij eqn~ns tSls LokLF; ,oa lQkbZ] cPpksa dh f'k{kk] O;Ld f'k{kk]iQkyrw [kpZ]
vkaxuckM+h vkfn ij ppkZ fd;k tk ldrk gS A
izR;sd cSBd esa dqN [kkl eqn~ns fy, tk, vkSj mldk ewY;kadu rc rd gksrk jgs tcrd fd
og iwjk ugha gks tk, A
&izLrko ;k fu;e ds vuqlkj dne mBk, tk ldrs gSa A
vU; eqnn~ s
vkSj Hkh vU; eqn~ns ij ppkZ dh tk ldrh gS A
lewg ds fu;e
mn~n's ;& lewg esa lHkh lnL;ksa dks fodkl esa fu;eksa dh vko';drk] fu;eksa ds izdkj vkSj fu;e
dk ikyu djus dh fof/k ds ckjs esa tkudkjh gksuh pkfg, A
mifu;e&
1- fu;e dk eryc
2- fu;e dh vko';drk
3- fu;e ds izdkj
4- fu;e dk ikyu
5- fu;eksa ds ikyu esa vkus okyh leL;k vkSj lek/kku
6- fu;eksa ds ikyu esa lnL;ksa ,oa inkf/dkfj;ksa dh Hkwfedk
1- fu;e dk eryc&
rjhdk& cM+s lewg ifjppkZ
izf'k{kd uhps fn;k x;k fp=kiV fn[kkrk gS ftlesa fo|ky; dh ?kaVh ctus ij cPps Ldwy ds
vanj igqpa tkrs gSa A
izf'k{kd dks fp=kiV fn[kkus ds ckn lnL;ksa ls fuEufyf[kr iz'u iwNuk pkfg,&
2- fu;eksa dh vko';drk
izf'k{k.k dk rjhdk& jksy&Iys@cM+k lewg ifjppkZ
(izf'k{kd dks jksy&Iys ds ek/;e ls lnL;ksa dks fu;eksa dh vko';drk dh igpku djkuk
pkfg,)
izf'k{kd lnL;ksa esa ls 10 ;k 12 lnL;ksa dks cqykdj jksy&Iys djus ds fy, dgrk gS
blds ckn izf'k{kd uhps fn;k x;k xkuk dks xkdj lqukrk gS&
^^lquks y{eh th] lquks jf'pe th
lewg dgkuh lquks cgu th!**
iQSflyhVsVj dks visf{kr mÙkj tkuus ds ckn fuEufyf[kr phtksa dks tksMd
+ j O;k[;k djuh pkfg,
lewg dk lapkyu] vkfFkZd ,oa vU; xfrfof/k;ka fdlh ds mij fuHkZj ugha gks dj Lora=k :i
ls fodkl dh vkSj vkxs c<+us esa rF; lewg esa fLFkjrk vkus ds fy, fu;e t:jh gksrk gS A
♦ fu;e ds izdkj
izf'k{k.k dk rjhdk& y?kq lewg ifjppkZ@vkilh ckrphr
izf'k{kd lnL;ksa ls ifjppkZ ds nkSjku tks visf{kr fopkj vkrk gS mlesa fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa dks
tksMd+ j le>kuk pkfg,&
iz'u&
1- lewg ds fLFkj gksus ds D;k fu;e gksus pkfg,\
izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj vkus ds ckn fuEufyf[kr va'kksa dks tksMd
+ j crkuk pkfg,&
1- cSBd ds fu;e
♦cSBd dh vof/k¼lkIrkfgd@ekfld½
♦fnu@rkjh[k dk fu/kkZj.k
♦ le; dk fu/kkZj.k¼’kke ;k jkr dk le; T;knk mi;ksxh gks ldrk gS½
♦ LFkku dk fu/kkZj.k¼fofHkUu lnL;ksa ds ?kj esa ,d&,d dj gks rks T;knk vPNk gks½
2- gkftjh ds fu;e
♦ nsj ls vkus ij naM
♦ vuqifLFkr gksus ij naM
♦ cSBd dks chp esa NksMd+ j tkus okyh lnL; ij naM ;k dkjZokbZ
♦ igys ls lwpuk nsdj cSBd esa ugha vkus okys lnL; dh O;oLFkk
4- dtZ ds fu;e&
♦ C;kt dh nj
♦ fd'rksa dk fu/kkZj.k
♦vf/dre fd'rksa dh la[;k
♦ fd'r ugha tek djus ij naM
5- [kkrk&cgh ds ys[ku ls lacaf/kr fu;e&
♦ cqd dhij dk uke
♦ ekfld ekuns;
♦ cqd dhij dh vuqifLFkfr ij naM
♦ ekfld izfronsu rS;kj ugha djus ij naM
♦ dkSu lnL; [kkrk&cgh j[ksxh
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj tkuus ds ckn izf’k{kd dks fuEu fcanq tksMd
+ j le>kuk pkfg,&
1- dqN lnL; vius LokFkZ dh otg ls fu;e dk mYya?ku djrk gS A
2- lnL; ,d&nwljs ls rqyuk djrs gSa A
lek/kku
1- lewg ds fu;e dks le;≤ ij lkewfgd :i ls nqgjk;k tkuk pkfg, A
2- fu;e ds ikyu esa lekurk jguk A
iz'u&
1- fu;eksa ds vuqikyu esa lnL;ksa dh D;k Hkwfedk gS\
2- vkSj inkf/dkfj;ksa dh Hkwfedk D;k gS\
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj vkus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr va'k tksMd
+ j le>kuk pkfg,&
lnL;ksa dh ftEesokjh
1- inkf/kdkfj;ksa ds lkFk lg;ksx djuk A
2- eu esa dksbZ bZ”;kZ Hkko ugha j[uk pkfg, A
3- lgh rjhds ls fu;e dk ikyu djuk pkfg, A
4- fu;e dh egÙkk ij tkx:jdrk
inkf/kdkfj;ksa dh ftEesokjh
1- inkf/kdkjh dks igys Lo;a fu;e dk ikyu djuk pkfg, A
2- fcuk fdlh i{kikr ds fu;e dk ikyu djuk A
3- ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd lkjs lnL; fu;e dk ikyu djsa A
4- fu;e ds mYya?ku ij dkjZokbZ fuf'pr :i esa djuk A
5- ckj&ckj lpsr djuk A
6- lnL;ksa ds chp izfrLi/kZ dks [kRe djuk A
iqu% izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr loky iwNdj izf'k{k.k lekIr djuk pkfg, &
1- fu;e D;k gS\
2- gesa fu;e dh t:jr D;ksa gS\
3- le>kSrk ugha fd;s tkus okys fcanq D;k gS\
4- fdl rjg ds fu;e ls lewg esa fLFkjrk vkrh gS\
5- fu;e r; dSls fd, tkrs gS\a
6- fu;eksa ds vuqikyu esa lnL;ksa ,oa inkf/kdkfj;ksa dh Hkwfedk\
usrR` o
mn~n's ;& 1- lnL;ksa dks usr`Ro ds egRo rFkk izdkj dh tkudkjh nsuk A
♦ usr`Ro&(ifjHkk"kk)
♦ usr`Ro vko';drk
♦ usr`Ro&izdkj
♦ vPNs usrk dk xq.k
♦ usrk dk pquko
♦ usr`Ro dk cnyko
1- usr`Ro&ifjHkk"kk
usr`Ro dk ifjHkk"kk le>kus ds fy, iQSflyhVsVj lnL;ksa dks uhps okys [ksy dks djok,axs A
fof/& Nqik&Nqih [ksy
♦ lwpuk
♦ iQSflyhVsVj nl lnL;ksa dks vius bPNk ls vkus ds fy, dgsa vkSj :eky ls mUgsa lHkh lnL;ksa
dks vka[k cka/kus dks dgsa A
♦ rc mUgsa pkSdksj vk;rdkj gksdj [kM+k gksus dks dgsa A
♦ mudks ikap feuV dk le; nsa A
♦ fn;s gq, le; ij lnL; vk;r ds vkdkj ij [kM+s gksus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSa bl dksf'k'k
esa ckgj ls ,d ;k nks lnL; mUgsa lykg nsrs gSa blls mUgsa vk;kr cukus esa lqfo/k gksrh gS
vkSj var esa oks vk;r cuk Mkyrs gSa A
bl [ksy dks [kRe gksus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj lnL;ksa dks uhps okys iz'u iwNrs gSa A
iz'u&
1- bl [ksy ls vki D;k le>sa A
2- [ksy esa fdlus lg;ksx fd;k Fkk A
mij okys iz'u dk lek/ku gksus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks usr`Ro dk ifjHkk"kk le>kuk pkfg,
**lewg ds lHkh lnL;ksa esa leUo; LFkkfir dj funsfZ 'kr y{; dks izkIr djus ds fy, lgh jkLrs
esa ys tkus okys dks usr`Ro dgrs gSa A**
2- usr`Ro&izeq[krk
fof/& (ewxa k dk [ksy) (eksrh dk [ksy)& czus LVksjfeax (fnekxh dljr)
lwpuk&
iQSflyhVsVj dks nks cM+k ewxa k dk ekyk ysuh pkfg, rFkk eksrh esa cM+k Nsn okyk gksuk pkfg, A
♦ ekyk dks var esa cka/kuk ugha pkfg,
♦ vc ,d lnL; dks cqykdj ekyk ds chp dks idM+okuk pkfg, tc lnL; ekyk ds chp
esa idM+xs h rks lHkh eksrh uhps fxj tk;sxk A
♦ ,d nwljs lnL; dks cqykdj ekyk ds var esa cka/k fn;k x;k rFkk mls dgk x;k fd vc
bls chp ls idM+as rks ns[kk x;k dh eksrh ugha fxjk D;ksfa d oks tqMk+ Fkk A
♦ fiQj lnL;ksa ls iwNk x;k fd bl [ksy ls D;k le>sa A blds ckn iQSflyhVsVj cksyxas s /kxk
dks lewg ds :i esa rFkk eksrh dks lnL; ds :Ik esa rFkk ca/ku dks usrk ds :i esa gksuk
pkfg, vxj ca/ku detksj gS rks
♦ lewg Hkh detksj gS A vr% ;gka usrk ca/u gh gS A vc [ksy [kRe gksxk A blds ckn usrk
dh t:jr lewg dks fdruh gS iwNus ds ckn uhps okys fcanv q ksa dks tksMd
+ j oQSflyhVsVj ds
lnL;ksa dks le>kuk pkfg, A
♦ lewg ds dke esa lg;ksx djrk gS A
♦ lnL;ksa ds vanj ,drk ykrs gSa A
♦ lHkh lnL;ksa dks lewg dh dke esa Hkkx ysus ds fy, izfs jr djrs gSa A
♦ ckgjh laLFkkvksa ls vPNs lac/a LFkkfir djrs gSa A
♦ lewg dks vkxs ys tkus ds fy, A
♦ lewg ds fu;e ikyu djokus ds fy, A
♦ lewg ds rjQ ls izfrosnu izLrqr djuk A
♦ lewg ds lius dks rS;kj djuk A
♦ lewg esa iztkrkaf=kd fu.kZ; gksus vkSj iwjk djus ds fy, A
♦ vkikrdky esa Lo;a fu.kZ; ysuk A
♦ ijs'kkfu;ksa dk funku djus ds fy, A
3- usr`Ro ds izdkj
fof/& cMs+ lewg dk ppkZ
iQSflyhVsVj dks uhps okys pkVZ dks fn[kkuk pkfg, A fiQj bu iz'u dks iwNuk pkfg, A
iz'u %
1- bl pkVZ esa vki D;k ns[kas A
2- bu pkVZ esa usrk dk vkpj.k
dSlk gS A
3- mij ds pkj pkVZ esa vPNk
usr`Ro dkSu ls gSa A
1- fujadq'k usr`Ro
♦ lnL;ksa dks Mjkrs gSa
♦ viuh ckr euokus ds fy, lnL;ksa ij ncko Mkyrs gSa
♦ viuh fu.kZ; dks lnL;ksa ij Fkksirs ;k Mkyrs gSa
♦ lnL;ksa dh t:jr rFkk Hkkoukvksa dks egRo ugha nsrs
♦ LokFkhZ gksrk gS
♦ ?keaMh rFkk vgadkjh gksrk gS
usrk dk pquko%
fof/&jksy&Iys
lwpuk
10&15 lnL;ksa dks rhu xqiz esa ckaV nsrs gSa A izFke xziq ,d usrk dks pqurs gSa ftuesa usrk gksus ds
y{k.k ik;s tkrs gSa A blh izdkj 'ks"k nksuksa xqiz ,d&,d usrk pqurs gSa A mu rhuksa usrk dks ,d
lkFk cSBk;k tkrk gS A mlds ckn mu rhuksa dks xq.k ds vk/kkj ij ‘ks”k lnL; v/;{k] lfpo
vkSj dks"kk/;{k mu rhuksa esa ls fu;qDr djrs gSa A
usr`Ro dk cnyko&
fof/& cM+k lewg ppkZ czus LVksjfeax
iQSflyhVsVj lnL;ksa ls uhps okys iz'u iwNuk pkfg, A
iz'u&
1- lewg esa usr`Ro D;ksa cnyuk pkfg, A
♦ lnL;ksa ls lek/kku vkus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj uhps okys fcanv
q ksa dks tksMd
+ j lnL;ksa dks
le>kuk gS A
♦ u;s lnL;ksa dks volj feyrs gSa A
♦ mÙknkf;Ro ckaVus dk ekSdk feyrk gS A
mÙknkf;Ro ckaVus dk ekSdk feyrk gS A
♦ lewg dks vPNs pyus dk volj feyrs gSa A
♦ lHkh dks leku volj feyrs gSa A
♦ nks o”kksaZ esa usrk dk cnyko gksuk gS A
♦ usrk ds cnyko gksus ls lewg esa ikjnf’kZrk c<+rk gS A
inkf/dkfj;ksa ds ftEesokjh&
1- fu;fefr cSBd dh O;oLFkk djuk A
2- lnL;ksa dks fu;fer cpr ,oa fu;fer okilh djokuk A
3- nks"kh lnL;ksa ij dkjZokbZ djuk A
4- lnL;ksa ,oa inkf/dkfj;ksa ds chp ikjLifjd lac/a cuk, j[kuk A
5 izLrko ds vuqlkj lewg ds [kkrk cgh dks laHkky dj j[kuk A
6- izLrko ds vuqlkj cSd a ls jde dh tek&fudklh djuk A
7- Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa ds izf’k{k.k dh t:jrksa dks ns[kuk A
8- [kkrk cgh dk ,d fuf’pr varjky ij vad{s k.k djuk A
9- lewg ds izLrko ds vuqlkj nwljs laLFkkvks]a cSd
a ] ljdkjh inkf/kdkfj;ksa vkfn ls laidZ cuk,
j[kuk A
10- mu lnL;ksa ij dkjZokbZ djuk tksfd fu;e dk ikyu ugha djrh gS A
lnL;ksa ds ftEesokjh&
1- lewg dh cSBdksa esa fu;fer :i ls Hkkx ysuk A
2- lewg ds fu;eksa dk ikyu djuk A
3- lewg dh ifjppkZ esa Hkkx ysuk A
4- cpr ,oa dtZ dk lgh le; ij tek djuk A
5- izf'k{k.k dk;Zdez esa Hkkx ysuk A
6- vius O;fDrxr cpr ikl cqd dks fu;fer :i ls Hkjokuk A
7- lekftd dk;Zokfg;ksa esa Hkkx ysuk A
8- lewg esa ,drk ,oa vuq'kklu cuk, j[kus esa enn djuk A
9- fcuk fdlh fgpfdpkgV ds lewg }kjk nh x;h ftEesokjh dks mBkus ds fy, rS;kj
jguk
izf'k{kqvksa ls ckphr djus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks fuEufyf[kr iz'u iwNuk pkfg,&
1- usr`Ro D;k gS\
2- lewg esa usr`Ro dh vko';drk D;k gS\
3- usr`Ro ds fdrus izdkj gksrs gS\a
4- vPNs usrk ds D;k xq.k ;k y{k.k gksrs gS\a
5- usrk vkSj lnL;ksa dh D;k&D;k ftEesokfj;ka gS\a
jLlh xse&
(iQSflyhVsVj dks lkekftd [ksy okys fdrkc ls ysdj bl xse dks djokuk pkfg, )
izf'k{k.k lkexzh&
pkVZl isij] ekdZl] fiQfyi pkVZl
lh[kus dh izfdz;k ,oa fof/&
& fu.kZ; dk eryc D;k gS\
fof/&
fiQfyi pkVZ fn[kuk] jksy&Iys djuk ,oa cM+s lewg dh ifjppkZ djuk
cktkj
lCth cktkj
izf'k{kd dks mijksDr fp=k fn[kkus ds ckn lnL;ksa ls fuEufyf[kr iz'u iwNus pkfg, A
1- vxj vki vius [ksr esa lCth dh [ksrh djrs gSa rks bls dgka csprs gS\a
fu.kZ; dh ifjHkk"kk& dqN dke djus ls igys Bhd rjhds ls lkspuk vkSj mlls ykHk&gkfu dk
fopkj djds fofo/ lek/kuksa esa ls ,d ek=k lek/ku dks pquuk gh fu.kZ; gS A
2- fu.kZ; t:jh& izf’k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls cM+s lewg ifjppkZ ds nkSjku fuEufyf[kr iz'u iwNdj
mldh visf{kr mÙkj tkuus ds ckn mldh O;k[;k djuh pkfg, A
egRoiw.kZ iz'u&
1& dkSu&dkSu lh phtksa ij ge fu.kZ; djrs gS\a
visf{kr mÙkj
& ?kj dh phtksa ij
& [ksrh ds phtksa ij
& lewg esa
& cSBd esa
& xkao esa
& fookn (>xM+k) esa
lnL;ksa ls fopkj tkuus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks fdlh ,d efgyk ls mlds ,d iwjs fnu esa fy,
x, fu.kZ; ds ckjs esa iwNuk pkfg, mlds ckn izf'k{kd dks nSfud xfrfof/k;ksa esa fu.kZ; izfdz;k
ds egRo dh O;k[;k djuh pkfg, A
3-1 vpkud fu.kZ;& lewg esa ,d ,slh fLFkfr tc lnL;ksa dks vpkud fu.kZ; ysus dks gh
vpkud fu.kZ; dgrs gSa A mnkgj.k& ,d rkykc esa ,d iRFkj Mkysa rks iRFkj vpkud
Mwc tk,xk A oSlh gh lewg esa lnL;ksa ls fcuk iwNs vpkud vkSj rqjra fu.kZ; djuk vkSj
,slk fu.kZ; djus okys usrk dks lewg esa dksbZ ugha ekurs gSaS A
3-2 Lo;a dk fu.kZ;& lewg esa ,d lnL; Lo;a fu.kZ; ysrh gS vkSj fdlh ls ugha iwNrh
gS A mnkgj.k&
1- bl eghus ls ge lHkh feydj xyh dh lkQ&lQkbZ ds ckjs esa ppkZ djsxa s A
2- lewg ds lnL; gQ~rs esa ,d&,d o‘{kkjksi.k djsxa s A
3- bl eghus ls lewg dk iwjk cpr cSd a esa tek djsxa s A
3-5 cgql[a ;d lnL;ksa dk fu.kZ;& ,d lewg esa ;fn 12 lnL; gSa rks 6 ls vf/kd lnL;ksa
dk fu.kZ; cgql[a ; lnL;ksa dk fu.kZ; dgrs gSa A
3-6 loZlEefr ls fy;k x;k fu.kZ;& lewg esa 12 lnL; gSa vkSj lHkh us feydj ,d
fo"k; ij fu.kZ; fy;k rks bls loZlEefr ls fy;k x;k fu.kZ; dgrs gSa A
lewg esa fu.kZ; ysuk cgqr t:jh gS] D;ksfa d lewg ds mn~n's ; rd igap
q us ds fy, lnL;ksa
dh lgefr ,oa enn vko’;d gS A loZlEefr ls fy;k x;k fu.kZ; vPNk gS o loZekU;
jgrk gS A
izf'k{kd dks lq>ko& vHkh rd ge yksxksa us fu.kZ; ds fofHkUu fof/;ksa dks tku pqds
gS]a ;g fu.kZ; vius vki esa vPNk gS A vyx&vyx ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vyx&vyx fu.kZ;
ysuk gksrk gS ,d gh fu.kZ; ugha djuk pkfg, A lewg esa cpr djuk] dtZ ysuk] dtZ
dh okilh] lewg esa fu;eksa dk ikyu djuk] lkjs cgh [kkrksa dk fy[kk tkuk] vkSj lewg
ds Hkfo"; ds ckjs esa ;kstuk cukuk vkSj ;kstuk cukdj vius lewg esa ykxw djuk bu lkjs
ij loZlEefr ls fu.kZ; ysuk cgqr gh vko';d gS A blds ckjs esa lkjs lnL;ksa dks crkuk
Hkh t:jh gS A
izf'k{kd dks mijksDr iz'u dks iwNrs gq, visf{kr mÙkj ikdj uhps fn, x, fuEu fcanqvksa
dks tksM+dj crkuk pkfg, A
1- fu.kZ; lgh le; ij ysuk pkfg, A
2- lewg esa ckrksa dks /;ku ls lquuk pkfg, A
3- lewg esa ckrksa dks vPNh&vPNh tkudkjh ysuk pkfg, A
4- fu.kZ; ysus esa lcdh lgefr gksuh pkfg, A
5- lksp&fopkj dj fu.kZ; ysuk pkfg, A
dgkuh &
ikoZrh nsoh vius ifr eukst ikloku ,oa viuh bdykSrh cPph iq"ik ds lkFk ,d xkao esa jgrh
Fkh A mlus vius ?kj esa ,d usoyk iky j[kk Fk A ikoZrh nsoh ,oa eukst ikloku etnwjh dk
dke djus pys tkrs A ,oa usoyk muds 3 lky dh cPph ds lkFk ?kj ij jgrk A ,d fnu tc
nksuksa ifr&iRuh etnwjh djus x, Fks rHkh ,d lkai ogka vk x;k A lkai tSls gh ?kj esa ?kqlk rks
usoys ls cPph dh j{kk djus ds fy, mls ekj Mkyk A usoys ds eqga ij [kwu yx x;k A 'kke
dks tc ikoZrh nsoh dke ls ykSVh vkSj usoys ds eqga ij [kwu yxk ik;k rks mls yxk fd usoys
us mldh cPph dks ekj Mkyk A vkSj ;gh lkspdj mlus usoys dks mlh le; ekj fn;k A ckn
esa tc og vanj x;h vkSj vlfy;r ekywe gqvk rks mls cgqr iNrkok gqvk A
izf'k{kd dks mij dh dgkuh dgus ds ckn lnL;ksa ls uhps fn;k x;k iz'u iwNuk pkfg, A
iz'u&
1- ikoZrh nsoh ,oa eukst ikloku fdls I;kj djrs gS\a
2- ikoZrh nsoh usoyk ds eqga esa [kwu ns[kdj D;k lksph\
3- ikoZrh nsoh D;k ns[kdj nq%[kh gqb\Z
visf{kr tokc
1- fu.kZ; ysus ds le; lkspuk pkfg,
2- fu.kZ; dk fo'ys"k.k djds mfpr fu.kZ; ysuk
3- fu.kZ; esa fdlh izdkj dh ‘kadk ugha j[kuk ,oa n`<+ gksdj ysuk
4- lksp&le>dj fu.kZ; ysuk
5- fu.kZ; *dgka* vkSj *dSl*s ysuk
iz'u
1- fu.kZ; dSls ysuk lgh gksrk gS\
2- fu.kZ; dSls ysuk pkfg,\
visf{kr tokc&
1- fu.kZ; lewg ds cSBd ds vanj ysuk
2- fu.kZ; loZlEefr ls ysuk
3- fu.kZ; lnL;ksa dh vuqifLFkfr esa ysuk iM+s rks bldk dkj.k lewg dh lHkh lnL;kvksa dks
crkuk
4- fu.kZ; vdsys ugha ysuk
& vkil esa ysu&nsu
& dtZ
2- izf'k{kd fu.kZ; ysus esa tkx:d djus gsrq ,d dgkuh f'kf{krksa dks dguk A
i'’u&
1- canj D;k fd;k\
2- fu.kZ; ysus ds le; esa ckgj ds yksxksa dks 'kkfey djus dk D;k ifj.kke gksxk\
3- ;g dgkuh lquus ds ckn vkius D;k lh[kk\
visf{kr tokc&
1- fu.kZ; ysus ds igys lkspuk pkfg,
2- fu.kZ; Lo;a lksp&le>dj ysuk pkfg,
3- fu.kZ; ysus esa ckgjh yksxksa dks 'kfey ugha djuk
4- fu.kZ; ysus esa gM+cM+h u djuk
5- lcdk mn~n's ; le>dj fu.kZ; ysuk
6- fu.kZ; ysdj mls viukus dk rjhdk
fo/ku& ukVd
izf'k{kd dks fy, gq, fu.kZ; dks vuqJoj.k djus ds ckjs esa f'kf{krksa dks crkuk A
iz'u&
1- cSBd esa dkSu lgh le; ij ugha vk;k\
2- lHkh yksx feydj fu.kZ; fy, ;k ugh\
3- tks yksx cSBd esa lgh le; ij ugh vk, muds lkFk lnL;kvksa us D;k fd;k \
visf{kr tokc&
1- lewg esa fu.kZ; feydj ysuk
2- lewg esa fu.kZ; ysus esa lHkh lnL;kvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh t:jh gS
3- fu.kZ; ysus ds igys ppkZ ,oa fo'ys"k.k djuk
4- lewg esa fy, x, fu.kZ; dks lHkh lnL;kvksa dks vkpj.k esa ykuk
5- lkFk esa fu.kZ; ysus ,oa vkpj.k esa ykus ls lewg esa ijLij fo'okl dk c<+uk A
6- ikjnf'kZrk] Hkwfedk ,oa ftEesnkjh c<+ tk,xh
rF;@fo"k;
1- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg lsok,a
2- cpr
3- dtZ
4- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds vkenuh ,oa [kpZ
5- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dk dks”k
6- lewg ds dks"k dk lgh mi;ksx
7- lewg ds ykHk ij fu.kZ; izfdz;k
izf'k{k.k lkexzh
1- cPpksa ds cSd
a ds :i;s
2- pkVZ
3- ekdZj
izf'k{k.k dk rjhdk
jksy&Iys] xse] xkuk] fiNys izf'k{k.k dk fjdSi
1- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg lsok,a
2- cpr izc/a
izf'k{k.k dk rjhdk
cM+s lewg ifjppkZ] ysDpj] ohfM;ks] iz'ku&mÙkj] fjax ,oa flDdk dk xse A
iQSflyhVsVj dks mijksDr rjhdk iz;ksx djus dk funs'Z k&
iz'u&
1- lewg esa fdrus izdkj ds cpr fd, tkrs gS\a
2- lewg esa cpr dgka fd;k tkrk gS\
3- lewg esa cpr ugha djus ij D;k fu;e jgrs gS\a
4- [kkrk&cgh esa cpr dgka fy[kk tkrk gS\
iQSflyhVsVj dks lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj tkuus ds ckn fuEu rjg ls O;k[;k djuk
pkfg,&
1- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds fy, *cpr* lcls igyk egRoiw.kZ dk;Z gS A
2- lnL;ksa dks viuk cpr lewg dh cSBd esa vkdj tek djuk pkfg, vkSj fu;fer djuk
pkfg, A
3- lnL;ksa dks viuk cpr tek djkrs le; inkf/kdkfj;ksa ls vius O;fDrxr ikl cqd ij
fy[kok ysuk pkfg, A
4- cqd dhij dks lnL;ksa }kjk fd, x, cpr dks lewg ds [kkrs tSls & cpr cgh] dk;Zokgh
cgh vkSj O;fDrxr ikl cqd ij fy[k nsuk pkfg, A
5- vxj dksbZ lnL; fiNys cSBd esa cpr tek ugha dj ikrh gS rks mldks lewg ds fu;e ds
vuqlkj naM lfgr cpr tek djuk pkfg, A
6- lnL;ksa dks O;fDrxr ikl cqd dks vius ikl j[kuk pkfg, vkSj bls lewg dh cSBd esa ysdj
vkuk pkfg, A
7- fdlh Hkh lnL; }kjk cpr cSBd ds ckgj ugha tek djuk pkfg, A
dsl LVMh
ukyank ftys ds iksvkjh xkao esa 10 Lo;a lgk;rk lewg gSa A buesa Hkokuh lewg dh v/;{k lkjks
nsoh gSa A ;g lewg 15 lnL;ksa ds lkFk ,d lky igys cuk gS A lewg ds lnL; inkf/dkfj;ksa
,oa lkeqnkf;d mRizjs d ds yxkrkj lykg ds ckotwn lewg dh cSBdksa esa fu;fer :i ls Hkkx
ugha ysrs gSa A v/;{k lnL;ksa ds ?kj&?kj tkdj cpr tek djrh gS ;k fQj dksbZ lnL; vius
le;kuqlkj v/;{k ds ?kj esa gh tkdj iSlk tek dj vkrh gS A cSBd dk dksbZ fnu ,oa le;
,oa LFkku r; ugha gS A dHkh&dHkh rks lnL; rhu&pkj lIrkg dk ,d ckj tek djrh gS A
t:jr ds le; dbZ ckj lkjks nsoh us lnL;ksa dh cpr dh jde dks vius futh dke ds fy,
iz;ksx fd;k gS A /hjs&/hjs ;g ckr lnL;ksa dh tkudkjh esa vk tkrh gS vkSj os yksx lkjks nsoh
ls iwNrh gSa fd muds cpr ds jde ,oa mlds C;kt dk fglkc gks A pwfa d lewg esa dksbZ
[kkrk&cgh dk ys[ku ugha gks jgk Fkk A blfy, lkjks nsoh us cpr ykSVkus ls euk dj fn;k A
lkjh lnL; mlls yM+kbZ djus yxh vkSj varr% lewg VwV x;k A
dsl LVMh ds [kRe gksus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks izf'k{kqvksa ls fuEufyf[kr iz'u iwNuk pkfg,&
1- lkjks nsoh cpr dSls tek fd;k djrh Fkh\
2- lewg dh lnL; cpr djus gsrq D;k&D;k vknr Mky yh Fkh \
3- D;k lnL;ksa dks cpr okil feyk\
4- lewg dk var esa D;k gqvk\
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj tkuus ds ckn QSflyhVsVj dks fuEu rjhds ls O;k[;k djuk pkfg, A
lehdj.k%&
cpr izc/a & leL;k&lek/ku
lek/ku& lewg dks nks”kh lnL; dks nks&rhu ckj psrkuk pkfg, A vxj blds ckn Hkh
og ugha ekurh gS rks ml lnL; dh lewg ls lnL;rk [kRe dj nsuh pkfg, A
3- leL;k& lnL; rhu&pkj lIrkg dk cpr ,d ckj tek djrs gSa A bls [kkrk&cgh esa
dSls fy[ksa \
lek/ku& lnL; ftl cSBd esa fiNys rhu&pkj lIrkg dk cpr tek djrk gS A cqd
dhij dks mlh cSBd dh frfFk esa [kkrk&cgh esa fy[kuk pkfg, A bls fd'rokj ugha
fy[kuk pkfg, A blls lewg esa xyrh gks tkrh gS A
4- leL;k& dksbZ lnL; lewg dh cSBd esa vkuk NksM+ nsrh gS A
lek/kku& lewg ds cuk, x, fu;e ds vuqlkj lewg dks ml lnL; dks 3 eghus dk
le; nsuk pkfg, A vxj blds ckn Hkh og lewg esa ugha vkrh gS rks mlds dqy
cpr+C;kt dks ykSVkdj mldh lnL;rk [kRe dj nsuh pkfg, A
5- leL;k& lewg ds lnL;ksa ds ikl cqd esa cpr esa xyfr;ka ik;k tkuk A
lek/ku& cpr cgh ,oa dk;Zokgh cgh dks ns[kdj fglkc feyk nsuk ,oa ;g lykg
nsuk fd izR;sd rhu ekg ij [kkrk cgh dk vad{s k.k fd;k tk; A
iQSflyhVsVj dks lnL;ksa ls cpr ij C;kt lac/a h iz'u iwNuk pkfg, vkSj visf{kr mÙkj ds ckn
fuEu rjg ls O;k[;k djuh pkfg, A
½.k izca/&
1- (iQSflyhVsVj dks funs'Z k)
(iQSflyhVsVj dks lnL;ksa ls iz'u iwNuk pkfg, vkSj muls tokc ysuk pkfg,)
iz'u&
1- lewg ds cpr dks lnL; D;k mi;ksx djsxa s A
2- lnL;ksa dks D;k t:jr gS A
(bu iz'uksa dk mÙkj ysus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks fuEukafdr jksy Iys djuk pkfg,)
jksy&Iys
1- lnL;ksa esa ls 10&12 yksxksa dks pqudj ,d lewg dk cSBd djok,a A
2- bl cSBd esa pkj efgyk,a vyx&vyx mn~n's ;ksa ds fy, dtZ ekaxrs gSa A
3- ckdh lnL; ,oa inkf/kdkjh pkjksa efgykvksa ls dtZ ysus ds mn~n's ;] mi;ksx dk rjhdk]
okilh dk rjhdk vkfn iwN dj ,d lnL; dks dtZ ugha nsus dk iQSlyk djrh gS D;ksfa d
og lewg ds fu;eksa dk ikyu ugha dj jgh gS A
4- lewg ftu 3 lnL;ksa dks dtZ nsus dk QSlyk djrh gS muls 'kiFk&i=k ys ysrh gS vkSj blh
csBd esa dtkZ ns nsrh gS A lkFk gh lewg dh inkf/dkjh mu rhuksa dks ;g le>krh gS
fd bl dtZ dk mi;ksx lgh rjhds ls djuk] geyksx tkdj ns[ksxa s fd rqe ftl dke
ds fy, dtkZ yh gks ogh dke dj jgh gks ;k ugha A
(blds ckn jksy&Iys [kRe gksrk gS)
(blds ckn iQSflyhVsVj lHkh lnL;ksa ls i'u iwNrs gSa fd vkius D;k&D;k lh[kk)
iz'u& 1- lnL;ksa us dSls dtkZ ekaxk\
2- lewg us fdl&fdl dks dtkZ fn;k vkSj D;ks\a
3- lewg us fdldks dtkZ ugha fn;k vkSj D;ks\a
4- lewg ds inkf/kdkjh us dtkZ nsrs le; rhuksa lnL;ksa dks D;k funs'Z k fn;k\
(lnL;ksa ls mÙkj ikus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj bldh O;k[;k djrk gS)
5- C;kt dk fu.kZ;&
· C;kt dk nj D;k gksxk ;g lewg gh r; djsxh
cSd
a ls T;knk jguk
egktuksa ls cgqr de jguk· C;kt lewg dh cpr c<+kus dk ,d lk/ku gSA
· C;kt] ewy/ku ds lkFk gh fd’rokj okil djuk pkfg, A
4- dtZ dk ys[kkadu
· dtksaZ ds ys[kkadu dh vko’;drk
· iSlk ekaxus] iSlk nsus ,oa iqu% dtZ dh okilh dk ys[kkadu izek.k ds fy, Hkh t:jh
gS rkfd Hkfo”; esa dksbZ leL;k ugha gks A dksbZ vk, rks ns[kdj irk dj ys A lkFk gh
ys[kkadu lewg dks lqj{kk nsrk gS ,oa lHkh lnL;ksa esa ikjnf'kZrk cuk jgrk gS dtZ ysus
okyh lnL;ksa dk ,d&,d tekurnkj Hkh gksuk pkfg, rkfd dtZ okilh vklku gks tk,
[kpkZ vkenuh
1- lewg ds fdrkcksa ij [kpZ 1- dtZ dk C;kt
2- ;k=kk [kpZ 2- cSd
a tek ls C;kt
3- cqd dhij dk ekuns; 3- lnL;rk 'kqYd
4- ½.k nsus okyh laLFkkvksa dks C;kt 4- naM
5- ijke'kZ 'kqYd 5- vU;
1- lnL;rk ‘kqYd
2- cSd
a tek ls C;kt
3- vkarfjd dtZ dk C;kt
4- naM
5- ijke'kZ 'kqYd
6- cpr
7- vuqnku
8- vU;
lewg dk dks"k@?kM+k
(iQSflyhVsVj dks lewg ds dks"k ds ckjs esa ,d lehdj.k }kjk le>kuk pkfg,)
lewg dk dks"k& (cdk;k dtkZ]+ cSd a tek] gkFk esa jkf'k)&
(nwljs laLFkkvksa dks ykSVkuh okyh jde)
mifo"k;&
1- ys[kkadu dk egRo
2- [kkrk&cgh ds izdkj
3- ys[kkadu ds vPNs fu;e@rjhds
4- cqd dhij dh igpku djuk vkSj cqd dhij dh ftEesokjh
5- cqd dhij dks D;k djuk pkfg, vkSj D;ksa ugha djuk pkfg,
6- [kkrk&cgh dh lqj{kk
7- vad{s k.k dk egRo
8- ys[kkadu dh leL;k vkSj lek/ku
izf'k{k.k lkexzh&
1- dkxt dk :i;k
2- ,d lsV [kkrk&cgh
3- pkVZl
4- ekdZjl
5- [kYyh@pkWd
6- fiQfyi pkVZ
ys[kkadu dk egRo
izf'k{k.k dk rjhdk&jksy Iys
jksy&Iys
lnL; xksykdkj ls cSBrs gSa vkSj muesa ls ,d dks v/;{k pqurs gSa A lewg ds cSBd dh izfd;k
esa lkewfgd cpr gksrk gS] rhu&pkj lnL;ksa dks fofHkUu mn~n's ;ksa ds fy, dtZ fn;k tkrk gS vkSj
cSBd lekIr gks tkrh gS A
izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls fuEUk iz'u iwNuk pkfg,&
1- v/;{k us fdruk cpr fd;k\
2- fdl lnL; dks fdruk dtZ fdl mn~n's ; ds fy, fn;k x;k\
3- cSBd esa fdruk vkenuh gqvk vkSj fdruk [kpZ gqvk\
4- v/;{k ds ikl fdruh jkf'k 'ks"k cph] ;g dgka fy[kk x;k\
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj vkus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks fuEu rjhds ls le>kuk pkfg, (vkbZ0
,y0 ,e0 rjhdk)&
1- fu;fer rjhds ls lewg ds [kkrk&cgh ds ys[kkadu ls lnL;ksa dh foÙkh; ysu&nsu ds ckjs
esa le> c<+rh gS A
2- blls lewg ds lnL;ksa ds chp vkRefo'okl c<+rk gS vkSj ,drk o"kZ) esa lgk;d gksrk
gS A
3- ys[kkadu lewg dh foÙkh; fLFkfr dks tkuus esa tSl&s lnL;ksa dh cpr] dtZ] mifLFkfr]
lewg dks"k] vkenuh ,oa [kpZ] C;kt] okilh dk izfr'kr nj enn djrk gS A
4- lewg esa fy, x, fu.kZ; ,oa izLrkoksa dh tkudkjh lnL;ksa dks le;≤ ij gksrs jgrk
gS ,oa ;g lnL;ksa dks ges'kk mfpr fu.kZ; ysus gsrq izkRs lkfgr djrk gS A
5- ys[kkadu lewg dh lk[k ykSVkus dh {kerk dks c<+kdj lewg dk laLFkkxr fodkl dks
c<+kok nsrk gS A
6- blls lewg ds lnL;ksa ds chp ikjnf'kZrk jgrh gS vkSj xyfr;ka de gksrh gS A
7- lewg ds vPNs ys[kkadu ls cSd a ls ,oa nwljh laLFkkvksa ls enn feyus dh laHkkouk c<+
tkrh gS A
8- lewg ds ijQkWelaZs (vc rd ds dke) ds ewY;kadu esa ys[kkadu enn djrk gS A
[kkrk&cgh ds izdkj
rjhdk& ysDpj] fnekxh dljr] [kkrk&cgh dks fn[kkdj
(izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls iwNuk pkfg, fd muds lewg esa fdrus rjg ds [kkrk cgh fy[ks tk jgs
gS]a iqu% mUgsa ,d&,d djds lkjs [kkrs cgh ds ckjs esa O;k[;k djuk pkfg, vkSj mudk egRo crkuk
pkfg, A)
cqd dhij dks D;k djuk pkfg, vkSj D;k ugha djuk pkfg,
djuk pkfg,
1- cSBd 'kq: gksus ls 10 feuV igys vkuk
2- lkjs [kkrs cgh cSBd esa gh fy[kuk
3- cSBd dh lekfIr ls igys izLrko dks lHkh lnL;ksa dks i<+dj lqukuk
4- cSBd dh lekfIr ij lkjs lnL;ksa ls dk;Zokgh cgh esa gLrk{kj djokuk
5- cSBd dh lekfIr ds ckn lkjs [kkrs cgh lewg dh inkf/dkjh dks lkSia nsuk
6- cqd dhij dks lHkh rjg ds izf'k{k.k esa tkuk pkfg,
7-lkjs lnL; dks lk{kj cukus dh dksf'k'k djuh pkfg,
8- ekg ds var esa lewg dk ekfld izfrosnu cukuk
ugha djuk pkfg,
1- foÙkh; ysu&nsu esa Hkkx ugha ysuk
2- [kkrs cgh dks ?kj ugha ys tkuk
3- lewg ds fu.kZ;ksa dks izHkkfor ugha djuk pkfg,
4- lewg ls dtZ ugha ysuk pkfg,
5- ys[kkadu esa gsjk&iQsjh ugha djuk
6- lewg ds fu.kZ;ksa ,oa izLrkoksa dks ckgjh O;fDr;ksa ds lkeus ugha crkuk
7- [kkrs cgh esa ,sls dksbZ ckr ugha fy[kuk ftl ij lewg esa ppkZ u gqvk gks
8- lnL;ksa ds izfr >qdko ;k }s"kHkko ugha j[kuk pkfg,
vads{k.k dk egRo
rjhdk& fnekxh dljr] ysDpj] dsl LVMh
izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ds lkeus fuEufyf[kr dsl LVMh lqukuk pkfg, A
dsl LVMh&
ukyank ftys ds gjukSr iz[kaM ds fMgjhx<+ iapk;r ds fcjtw feYdh xkao esa 15 lnL;ksa ls 1-1-
2005 dks ,d lewg cuk gS ftldk uke ek¡ Hkokuh gS a os yksx lewg dh cSBd fu;fer djrh
gS vkSj lqHknzk nsoh dks cqd dhij ds :i esa j[kh gS] ftls os yksx 200@& eghuk osru ds :i
esa nsrh gS A 1-8-2005 dks lewg dh cSBd gqbZ vkSj lewg esa dtZ dh okilh vkSj cpr feykdj
2500@& :i, tek gq,] ml csBd esa ,d Hkh lnL;ksa us dtZ ugha fy;k A ml iSls dks v/;{k
ds }kjk cSda esa tek djus dks lewg Hkstk] ysfdu v/;{k us 2000@& :i;k gh cSda esa tek fd;k
vkSj ckdh 500@& :i;k 1-10-2005 dks tek fd;k A lqHknzk nsoh lkjs [kkrk cgh fy[krh jgh
ysfdu ml cpr dks ystj cqd esa fy[kuk Hkwy x;h] iqu% 1-12-2005 dks ehfVad esa olq/a kjk nsoh
2000@& dtZ yh] ysfdu cqd dhij ls dtZ cgh fy[kus esa xyrh gks x;h] dqN fnuksa ds ckn
lewg esa iSls dk gsj&iQsj ik;k A lkjs lnL; viuk&viuk vkik [kks cSBs vkSj >xM+k djus yxh
vads{k.k ls ykHk&
1- lewg dh vkenuh ,oa [kpZ dk irk py tkrk gS A
2- lewg dh cpr dtZ] C;kt] naM] ckdh dtZ okilh dk irk py tkrk gS A
3- lewg dh laifÙk ,oa nkf;Roksa dk irk py tkrk gS A
4- cqd dhij ds fy[kus esa gqbZ xyfr;ksa dk irk py tkrk gS A
5- foÙkh; ysu&nsu esa gqbZ xyfr;ksa dks lq/kjus dk ekSdk fey tkrk gS A
6- blls cSd
a ksa ,oa vU; nwljs foÙkh; laLFkkvksa ls ykHk izkIr djus esa enn izkIr gksrk gS A
izf'k{kd dks ;g Hkh Li"V djuk pkfg, fd Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dk vad{s k.k xzke laxBu
ds }kjk pqus x, fdlh O;fDr ;k lewg }kjk izLrkfor fdlh laxBu ls gksuk pkfg, A
vkarfjd vad{s k.k rhu ekg esa ,d ckj vkSj okg~; vad{s k.k lky esa ,d ckj gksuk pkfg, A
[kkrk cgh ys[kkadu& leL;k vkSj lek/kku
leL;k lek/kku
1- cqd dhij dk cSBd esa le; ij ugha vkuk A 1- cqd dhij dks csBd esa 10 feuV igys pys
2- inkf/kdkjh [kkrk cgh dks cDls esa j[kdj vkuk A
lxs& lac/a h ds ;gka pyh tkrh gS A 2- inkf/dkjh ckgj tkrs le; [kkrk cgh dks
3- [kkrk cgh dk QkesVZ ckj&ckj cnyukA nwljs lnL;ksa dks lkSia dj tkrh gSa A
4- iqjkus [kkrs dk Hkj tkuk A 3- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg cukus okyh laLFkk }kjk
5- mfpr ys[kkadu ugha vkSj u gh vad{s k.k A vkn'kZ [kkrk cgh rS;kj djuk A
4- iqjkus [kkrs [kRe gksus ds ,d ekg iwoZ u,
[kkrs [kjhn ysuk A
5- =kSekfld vkSj okf"kZd vad{s k.k A
ys[kkadu ds ckjs esa lkjh ppkZ ds ckn izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa dks iwN djds izf'k{k.k
[kRe djuk pkfg, A
iz'u&
1- ys[kkadu dh vko';drk D;ksa gS\
2- ,d lewg esa fdrus izdkj dh [kkrk cgh gksrs gS\a
3- ekfld izfronsu dk D;k egRo gS\
4- cqd dhij ds igpku djus ds D;k&D;k ‘krsaZ gS\a
5- cqd dhij dh D;k&D;k Hkwfedk vkSj ftEesokfj;ka gS\a
6- vad{s k.k ls D;k ykHk gS\
7- cqd dhij dks D;k djuk pkfg, vkSj D;k ugha djuk pkfg,\
8- lewg dks cqd dhij dks osru D;ksa nsuk pkfg,\
mij of.kZr dsl LVMh ds vk/kj ij cqd dhij dks fuEufyf[kr cgh fy[kuk pkfg,&
1- dk;Zokgh cgh
2- cpr cgh
3- ½.k cgh
4- jksdM+ cgh
lkekU; cgh
leL;k&lek/ku
mn~n's ;&
lewg ds lnL; leL;kvksa dk lek/ku djus ds jkLrs lh[krs gSas A
fo"k;&
1- leL;k% vFkZ
2- leL;k ,oa fookn esa varj
3- leL;k ds izdkj
4- leL;k&lek/ku dh fof/
5- izkjafHkd voLFkk esa leL;kvksa dh
igpku djuk rFkk lek/ku djuk
6- lewg ds leL;k ds lek/ku esa
lewg lnL;ksa ,oa usrkvksa dh Hkwfedk ,oa mÙkjnkf;Ro A
izf'k{k.k lkexzh& NksV&s NksVs iRFkj (8 ls 10) fp=kiV@fiQfyi pkVZ
leL;k&eryc&
fof/& cM+s lewg ls lkewfgd ifjppkZ] jksy&Iys] vuqHko crykuk
izf'k{kd dks cM+s lewg esa ifjppkZ dj lnL;ksa dks leL;k D;k gS bl fo"k; ij ppkZ }kjk le>kuk
lnL;ksa dk fp=kiV@fiQfyi pkVZ fn[kkdj uhps fn, x, fuEu iz'uksa dks iwNuk pkfg, A
egRoiw.kZ iz'u&
1- fiQfyi pkVZ@fp=kiV esa vki ns[kdj D;k eglwl dj jgs gSa A
2- oks [kq'k gSa vkSj D;ks\a
izf'k{kd dks mijksDr iz'uksa ds lewg dh lnL;ksa ds }kjk visf{kr tokc vkus ds ckn mu lkjs
tokcksa dks ysdj leL;k dh ifjHkk"kk dks crkuk gksxk A
1- leL;k dh ifjHkk"kk& lewg esa lnL;ksa dks ,d mn~n's ; dh izkfIr ds fy, tks ck/k,a o
eqf'dy vkrh gSa ogh leL;k gS A ogh fLFkfr leL;k dgykrh gS A
izf'k{kd dk lq>ko& izf'k{kd lnL;ksa ds leL;kvksa dks lquus ds ckn lkjs lnL;ksa dks leL;kvksa
ds lek/ku ds mij lkspus ds fy, lg;ksx djuk pkfg, A
[ksy dk rjhdk&
1- bl [ksy ds fy, 8&10 cM+&s cM+s iRFkj (tks gekjs gkFk esa vk tk,) gksus pkfg, A
2- lnL;ksa dks nks xziq esa ckaVuk
3- nksuksa xziq dks vyx&vyx fo"k; cksyuk
& lkjs iRFkj dks ,d txg j[uk A
& igys xqiz dks ;g dguk fd vkidks lkjs iRFkj ml txg ls ykdj ,d nwljs LFkku ij j[kuk
gS A
& Bhd ;gh ckr nwljs xziq dks Hkh dguk gS A
& tks xziq T;knk iRFkj ,d fuf'pr LFkku ij ykdj j[ksxa s mudks fxiQ~V nsuk ;g cksyuk gS A
4- bl [ksy dks 10&15 feuV rd djokuk A\
[ksy [ksyus ds mijkar lewg ds lnL;ksa ls uhps fn;s x, iz’uksa dks iwNuk pkfg, A
egRoiw.kZ iz'u& bl [ksy esa D;k gqvk\
& nks xqiz esa fookn D;ksa gqvk\
fookn D;k gS\
izf'k{kd mijksDr iz'uksa ds mÙkj vkus ds ckn
fookn D;k gS dks le>kuk A
nks O;fDr;ksa ;k lewg esa fdlh ckr dks ysdj
vkilh cgl dks fookn dgrs gSa A mnkgj.k&
igys cht dk ikS/k\ igys vaMk ;k eqxhZ\
izf'k{kd dks fookn dks ifjHkkf"kr djus ds
ckn lnL;ksa dks leL;k vkSj fookn esa varj dks le>kuk pkfg, A
leL;k fookn
lewg ds vanj@lewg ds ckgj er esa fHkUurk lnL;ksa ds ikfjokfjd dkj.kksa dh otg ls
3- leL;k ds izdkj
fof/&jksy&Iys@dsl LVMh
izf'k{kd leL;k ds izdkj dks jksy&Iys ds ek/;e ls lnL;ksa dks le>kus dk iz;kl djuk A
leL;k ds nks izdkj gSa A (lewg esa)
1- varxZr leL;k
2- cfgxZr leL;k
1- varxZr leL;k& izf'k{kd dks lewg dh 8 efgykvksa (lnL;ks)a dks LosPNk ls cqykdj uhps fn,
x, fcanv
q ksa ds ckjs esa le>kuk ,oa jksy&Iys djokuk pkfg, ;g jksy&Iys 15 feuV rd djokuk A
vkil esa dtZ dh ekax djus okyh lnL;k,a ‘kksjxqy djrh gS fd eq>s pkfg,] eq>s pkfg, A lewg
dk dqy cpr 1200@& :i, gSa A
bl jksy&Iys gksus ds ckn izf'k{kd uhps fn, x, fuEu iz’uksa dks lewg dh lnL;ksa ls iwNuk pkfg,
egRoiw.kZ iz'u&
cSBd esa D;k gqvk\
lHkh lnL;ksa dh D;k&D;k leL;k,a Fkha\
lnL;ksa ls mijksDr iz'uksa ds lek/ku vkus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks vkarfjd leL;k ds lek/ku
ds ckjs esa le>kuk pkfg, A
lewg esa lnL;ksa ds chp esa mRiUu leL;k dks gh vkarfjd leL;k dgsxa s A
2- cfgxZr leL;k
fof/& dsl LVMh
izf'k{kd dks lewg ls ckgj dh leL;k dks igpku dj dsl LVMh ds ek/;e ls mls le>kus dk
iz;kl djuk A
dsl LVMh&
ukyank ftyk ds gjukSr iz[kaM ds fMgjhx<+ iapk;r ds lsong xkao esa ,d uanuh lewg gS A ;g lewg
cus gq, 9 eghus gks x, A bldh cSBd fu;fer :i ls gksrh gS A lewg esa vk; o"f) gsrq ½.k ds
fy, (e/; fcgkj xzkeh.k cSd a psjks) cSd
a izc/a d ls feydj iwNk A
cSd
a izc/a d ml lewg dh lkjh cfg;ksa dks ns[kdj ,d lIrkg ckn vkus dks dgk] ,d lIrkg ckn
lewg dh efgyk,a tkdj cSd a izc/a d ls feyrh gSa rks cSd
a izc/a kd cksyk fd vkidh lewg dh
rhu lnL;ksa ds ifjokj us ½.k fy;k tks okil ugha fd;k] vxj vkids lewg dks Hkh ½.k fn;k
rks vki okil ugha djsxa ]s blfy, ½.k ugha nsxa s A mlewg dks cSda ls ½.k ugha feyk A
mijksDr dsl LVMh dks o.kZu djus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks uhps fn, x, iz'uksa dks iwNuk pkfg,&
cfgxZr leL;k dk mnkgj.k& xkao dh efgyk igys egktu ls dtZ ysrh Fkh] fQj okil djrh
Fkh A lewg esa vkus ij egktu ls dtZ ysuk can dj nsrh gS rFkk dqN le; ckn lewg dh efgyk,a
cSd
a ls dtZ dh ekax djrh A ;g ckr egktu dks ekywe gksrk rks mu efgykvksa (lewg) ds jkLrs
esa vM+pu@:dkoV Mkyrk A
nwljk mnkgj.k& (jktuSfrd usrk ls vojks/) lewg esa ugha vkus ls igys efgykvksa ls psruk dk
vHkko Fkk A lewg esa vkus ds ckn muesa psruk vk xbZ] tkx:drk vk;h] xkao esa fodkl ls lacfa /
kr fo”k;ksa ij vkilh ppkZ dj xkao ds jktuSfrd izfrfuf/;ksa ls feyus yxha vkSj loky&tokc
djus yxh A izfrfuf/;ksa dks ;g [kVdus yxk vkSj muds ekxZ esa vojks/ Mkyus yxs A
egRoiw.kZ iz'u&
♦ leL;k D;k gS A
♦ leL;k ds dkj.k D;k gS A
♦ leL;k dks dSls lek/ku fd;k tk ldrk gS A
1- leL;k dh igpku djuk& lewg esa dbZ rjg dh leL;k,a gksrh gS] mu leL;kvksa dh
igpku djuk A
2- leL;k ds dkj.kksa dks <a<w u+ k& ,d leL;k ds dbZ dkj.k gksrk gS A mudks igpkuuk cgqr
t:jh gS A mudk eq[; dkj.k D;k gS] igpku djuk A
1- leL;k ds lek/ku ds dkSu&dkSu ls jkLrs gS&a gj leL;k ds lek/ku ds dbZ jkLrs gksrs gS]a
ml jkLrs esa :dkoV dh leL;k D;k&D;k gS mldh Hkh igpku djuk A
2- lek/ku ds ,d lgh jkLrs pquuk&gj leL;k ds vusdksa lek/ku gksrs gSa muesa ls ,d lgh
lek/ku dks vPNkbZ vkSj cqjkbZ dh igpku djrs gq, pquuk A
3- lek/ku pquus ds jkLrs dks ykxw djuk& leL;k ds lek/ku dks pqudj ,d ;kstuk ds rgr
lek/ku dh fn’kk esa iz;kl djuk A
4- lek/ku ds jkLrs dk fo'ys"k.k djuk& leL;k dk lek/ku gksus ds ckn mu lHkh pj.kksa dk
fo'ys"k.k djuk A
5- izkjafHkd voLFkk esa leL;kvksa dh igpku dj lek/ku djuk&
fof/&dsl LVMh
izf'k{kd dks uhps fn;s x, dsl LVMh dks le>kuk
gjukSr CykWd ds fMgjhx<+ iapk;r ds nsoh thfodk lewg esa ,d lnL; xkSjh nsoh fdlh dke ds
fy, loZlEefr ls 1000@& :i, dtZ ysrh gS A lewg mldks 10 fd'rksa esa okil djus dh ckr ij
dtZ nsrh gS A xkSjh gj ehfVax esa vkrh gS vkSj cpr tek djrh gS fdarq fdlh otg ls r; fd;s
x, fd’r ds vuqlkj iSls okil ugha djrh gS] dqN le; ckn ehfVax esa vkuk Hkh can dj nsrh gS
A lewg dh lnL;k;sa mlds ugha vkus ds dkj.k xkSjh ds ?kj tkrh gS vkSj iSls okil djus dks dgrh
gS A xkSjh tokc nsrh gS fd esjs ikl vHkh iSls ugha gS A esjs cpr ls gh esjs dtZ ds iSls dks dkV
ys A
egRoiw.kZ iz'u&
♦ xkSjh nsoh dk dtZ fdruk gS\
♦ iSls okilh dh fd’r fdruk cuk gS\
♦ iSls okil D;ksa ugha djrh\
♦ lewg ds lnL; ?kj ij vkdj xkSjh ls iwNk rks xkSjh us D;k tokc fn;k \
mijksDr iz'uksa ds lnL;ksa ds }kjk mÙkj vkus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks izkjafHkd voLFkk esa
leL;kvksa dh igpku dj lek/kku djuk vkSj le>kuk pkfg, A
leL;k dks vxj izkjafHkd voLFkk esa gh igpku dj fy;k tk, rFkk lek/ku dk dkj.k irk
dj fy;k tk, rks mldk izHkko T;knk ugha gksrk A vxj lek/ku ugha fd;k x;k rks leL;k
tfVy gks tk,xk A vkSj lewg esa fookn mRiUu gks tk,axs rFkk lewg dk Hkfo”; [krjs esa iM+
tk,xk A
6- leL;k lek/ku esa lewg ds inkf/dkfj;ksa vkSj lnL;ksa dh Hkwfedk ,oa mÙkjnkf;Ro&
fof/& NksVs Lo;a lgk;rk lewg esa ppkZ
izf'k{kd dks leL;k ds lek/ku ds fy, nks xqiz esa ckaVuk rFkk nksuksa xziq ls vk, tokc dks
uhps fn, x, fcanv
q ksa dks tksMd
+ j lnL;ksa dk le>kuk A
Lkewg ds lnL;
1- leL;k dks igpku dj lek/ku djus esa usrk dks enn djuk A
2- tks leL;k gS og leL;k fdlh ,d dk ugha A lewg dh leL;k gS bldh le> iSnk
gksuk vkSj blds lek/ku esa lcdh lqfuf'pr Hkkxhnkjh gksuh pkfg, A
izf'k{k.k ds ckn izf'k{kd dks lewg ds lnL;ksa esa fdruh le> iSnk gqbZ fuEu fn;s x;s iz'uksa
ls iwNdj Lo;a vkdyu djuk pkfg, A
lewg dh lnL;ksa dks lewg ls vkus okyh vusd leL;kvksa dh igpku dj mudk lek/ku
djus dk {kerk fodkl gksrk gS A
izf'k{k.k&lkexzh%
1- pkVZ isij
2- ekdZj
3-
izf'k{k.k dk rjhdk%
1- dgkuh
2- jksy Iys
le;%
(iQSflyhVsVj dks dgkuh [kRe djus ds ckn lnL;ksa ls fuEu iz'u iwNus pkfg,)
1- rhuksa nksLrksa ds chp *nkar dkVh jksVh* dh rjg fe=rk Fkh A buds chp esa D;k gks x;k visf{kr
mÙkj&(iQSflyhVsVj dks fuEukafdr mÙkjksa dks tksMd+ j O;k[;k djuk pkfg,)
1- LokFkZ
2- visf{kr pht uk feyus ds dkj.k fookn
3- R;kx dh Hkkouk dk ugha gksuk
jksy Iys%&
♦ izf'k{kqvksa esa ls pkj yksxksa dh vka[ksa esa pkj vyx&vyx jaxksa ds IykfLVd@isij cka/ nsuk
pkfg, A
♦ iqu% mu pkjksa ls ,d lQsn lk pht muds lkeus j[kuk pkfg, A
♦ iqu% mu pkjksa ls vyx&vyx ml pht dk jax iwNuk pkfg, A
mijksDr iz'u iwNus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks visf{kr mÙkj esa fuEu nks phtsa tksMd
+ j vH;kl djkuk
pkfg, A
1- pkjksa lnL;ksa ls vius vka[kksa ij ls jax dh iV~Vh mrkj dj ml pht dk jax iwNuk pkfg,
2- lHkh lnL;ksa ls ,d gh rjg dk mÙkj feyrk gS A
1- vuqHkoksa dh ppkZ%&
iQSflyhVsVj dks izf'k{kqvksa ls mij okf.kZr jksy&Iys ds lac/a esa vius&vius vuqHko tkuuk pkfg,
iQSflyhVsVj dks lHkh lnL;ksa ds vuqHko tkuus ds ckn uhps of.kZr iz'u dks iwNuk pkfg, A
1- fookn ds izdkj
izf'k{k.k dk rjhdk%&
1- czus LVksjfeax
2- dsl LVMh ;k jksy&Iys
iQSflyhVsVj dks izf'kf{kdksa ls ;g iz'u iwNuk pkfg, fd fookn ds fdrus izdkj gS\as visf{kr mÙkj
lnL;ksa ls tkuus ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks fuEu va'kksa dks tksMd
+ j crkuk pkfg, A
1- Lo;a O;fDr ds vanj fookn
2- nks O;fDr;ksa ds chp fookn
3- O;fDr vkSj lewg ds chp fookn
4- nks lewgksa ds chp fookn
(iQSflyhVsVj dks mijksDr pkjksa rjg ds fookn dks dsl LVMh ;k jksy&Iys ds ekè;e ls le>kuk
pkfg,)
1- Lo;a O;fDr ds vanj fookn&Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dh ,d lnL; vius lewg ls dtZ ysuk
pkgrh gS A mlds vanj }a} iSnk gksrk gS fd HkSl
a [kjhnus ds fy, dtZ ywa ;k ?kj cukus
ds fy, A mls nksuksa dh gh t:jr gS A HkSl
a [kjhnus ls mldh vkenuh c<+ tk,xh tcfd
?kj cukus ls mls jgus ds fy, Nr fey tk,xk A vr% bl ckr dks ysdj mlds vanj
fookn gksrk gS A
2- nks O;fDr;ksa ds chp fookn& lewg dh ,d efgyk lewg ls ikjpwu dh nqdku [kksyus
ds fy, dtZ ekaxrh gS A lewg dh gh ,d nwljh lnL; tks igys ls gh ikjpwu dh nqdkuh
pykrh gS] igyh efgyk dks Vksd nsrh gS fd dgha oks mlls vkxs u c<+ tk, A
3- O;fDr vkSj lewg ds chp fookn& lewg dh ,d lnL; lewg ds fu;eksa dk ikyu ugha
djrh gS A og fu;fer cpr Hkh ugha djrh gS vkSj lewg ls T;knk jde dtZ ds :i
esa ekax djrh gS A lewg ds ckdh lnL; mls T;knk jde dtZ ds :i esa ugha nsuk pkgrs
gSa rks og HkM+d mBrh gS A
4- nks lewgksa ds chp fookn& ,d gh xkao ds nks vyx&vyx lewg xkao ds izkFkfed
fo|ky; esa py jgs *eè;kg~u Hkkstu ;kstuk* gsrq [kkuk cukus dk vkosnu Mkyrh gS A
muesa ls fdlh ,d lewg dks ;g Bsdk fey tkrk gS rks nwljs lewg dh efgyk,a ls >xM+
iM+rh gSa A
5- blds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks uhps fn, x, iz’uksa dks iwNuk pkfg,&(pkjksa dsl LVMh ds
lanHkZ es)a
iQSflyhVsVj dks lHkh izf’k{kqvksa dks NksV&s NksVs lewg ds :Ik esa pkj ;k ikap lewg esa ckaV nsuk
pkfg, vkSj muds ifjppkZ ds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks muds visf{kr mÙkj dks uhps fn, x, va'ksa
esa tksMd
+ j crkuk pkfg, &
♦ dtZ eatjw ugha gksus ds dkj.k
♦ fu;fer cpr ugha djus ls fookn
♦ le; ij dtZ dh okilh ugha djus ls fookn
♦ inkf/dkfj;ksa ds usr`Ro lgh <ax ls ugha gksus ds dkj.k fookn
♦ fdUgha nks [kkl lnL;ksa ds chp ikfjokfjd >xM+s dh otg ls fookn
(iQSflyhVsVj dks mij of.kZr izdkjksa ds vfrfjDr dqN vkSj Hkh fooknksa dks vius vuqHko ls
tksMd+ j crkuk pkfg,)
1- jksy&Iys
iQSflyhVsVj dks izf'k{qkvksa esa ls 8 ;k10 efgykvksa dks vyx&vyx [kM+k dj nsuk pkfg, A
fdlh ,d efgyk dks lewg dk inkf/dkjh cuk nsuk pkfg, vkSj og efgyk lHkh lnL;ksa ls
vyx&vyx mlds ?kj tkdj cpr tek djrh gSa vkSj vius i'kZ esa j[krh tkrh gS A iqu% ,d
lnL; vkdj iwNrh gS fd nhnh esjk cpr fdruk gqvk gS A lewg dh inkf/dkjh mldh cpr
de cksyrh gS vkSj dgrh gS fd fiNys lIrkg dk cpr mlus tek ugha fd;k gS A bl ckr
ij nksuksa ds chp fookn gks tkrk gS A
blds ckn iQSflyhVsVj dks visf{kr mÙkj esa fuEufyf[kr va'kksa dks tksMd
+ j O;k[;k djuk pkfg,&
♦ lewg dk dksbZ fu;e ugha gksus ds dkj.k
♦ inkf/dkfj;ksa dks vius ftEesokjh dh tkudkjh ugha gksus ds dkj.k
♦ ikjnf'kZrk ugha gksus ds dkj.k
♦ lnL;ksa vkSj inkf/dkfj;ksa ds chp esa vkilh fo'okl ugha gksus ds dkj.k
♦ le; ij dtZ ugha feyus ds dkj.k
ys[kk&tks[kk ugha gksus ds dkj.k
(iQSflyhVsVj dks ;g Li”V djuk pkfg, fd vxj bu phtksa dk ikyu gks rks fookn dks gksus
ls jksdk tk ldrk gS)
mn~n's ;& xzke laxBu dh vko’;drk vkSj blds egRo ds ckjs esa lnL;ksa dks tkudkjh gksrh A
rjhdk& foLr`r lewg dk ifjppkZ] jksVh@Hksu Mk;xzke izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls xjhch ds D;k
dkj.k gS]a iz'u iwNuk pkfg, A
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj vkus ds ckn izf’k{kd dks xjhch ds fuEufyf[kr dkj.k tksMr+ s gq,
le>kuk pkfg, A
1- vk; dk dksbZ lzkrs ugha A
2- volj ugha A
3- laifÙk ugha A
4- Hkwfe ugha A
5- vlk{kjrk A
6- LokLF; leL;k,a A
izf'k{kd dks lnL;ksa ls xjhch ds dkj.k ds tokc ekaxrs oDr ;k mls le>krs le; lkjs dkj.k dks
,d vyx&vyx xksy jksVh ds vkdkj esa dVs gq, pkVZl esa fy[krs pyk tkuk pkfg, vkSj ;g crkuk
pkfg, fd dkSu ls dkj.k Lo;a lgk;rk ds }kjk nwj fd;s tk ldrs gSa vkSj dkSu ls dkj.k nwj ugha
fd;s tk ldrs gSa A
2- lnL;ksa dks ;g le>kuk pkfg, fd mudh utj esa tks xjhch ds cM+s dkj.k gSa mls cM+s
pkVZl esa rFkk NksVs dkj.k dks NksVs pkVZl esa fy[ksa A
3- iqu% ,d cM+s vkdkj dk xksy dVk gqvk pkVZl fnoky ij fpidkuk pkfg, vkSj mlds
chp esa xjhch ds dkj.k fn[kkus pkfg, A
4- mlds ckn xjhch ds dkj.k fy[ks gq, vyx&vyx pkVZ dks ml cM+s pkVZl ij bl
vk/kj ij fpidkuk pkfg, fd tks dkj.k Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds }kjk lqy>k, tk ldrs
gS mls pkVZ esa nwj fpidkuk pkfg, vkSj tks lewg ds }kjk nwj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS mls
utnhd fpidkuk pkfg, A
jksy&Iys&
izf'k{kd dks 6 lnL;ksa dks cqykdj mls uhps fn, x, funs'Z k ds vuqlkj jksy&Iys djus dks dguk
pkfg,&
1- lnL; dwMk+ &dpM+k ?kj ds lkeus iQsda rs gSa vkSj ukys dk ikuh lM+d ij cgkrs gS]a ftlds dkj.k
vLokLF;dj ekgkSy mRiUu gksrs gSa vkSj ePNj ml ij mM+rs gSa A
2- ,d cPpk ePNj ds dkVus dh otg ls eysfj;k ls xzflr gks tkrk gS A
3- cPps dks Mk0 ls fn[kkus ds ckn Hkh cq[kkj ckj&ckj vk tkrk gS A
xjhch ds dkj.kksa ls fuiVk tk, ;k tks O;fDr xjhch ds dkj.k ds fy, ftEesnkj gSa mlls fuiVk
tk, \
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj ikus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr fcUnq tksMd+ j fuEu rjg ls
le>kuk pkfg,&
xjhch ds dkj.kksa dks nwj djrs le; gesa oSls O;fDr;ksa ls Hkh ckrphr djuk pkfg, tks xjhch
ds dkj.k iSnk djrs gSa A
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj ikus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr va'k tksMd
+ j le>kuk pkfg, A
& xjhc yksx cgqr rjg dh leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djrs gSa A
& os leL;k;sa vdsys ,d O;fDr ls ;k ,d ifjokj ds }kjk nwj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS A
xzke laxBu
lnL;ksa vkSj lsokvksa ds chp
,d e/;LFk pkVZ fn[kkus ds
ckn fuEufyf[kr <ax ls
O;k[;k djuh pkfg, A
& xzke laxBu xjhcksa vkSj xjhcksa
dks feyus okyh fofHkUu rjg dh ljdkjh vkSj xSj&ljdkjh lsokvksa ds chp ,d e/;LFk dh
rjg dk;Z djrk gS A
& xzke laxBu Lo;a lgk;rk lewg vkSj iz[kaM Lrjh; la?k ds chp e/;LFk dk dke djrk gS
& xzke laxBu fofHkUu rjg dh leL;kvksa vkSj eqn~nksa dks lacfa /kr laLFkkvksa ds le{k mBkrh
gS vkSj bl rjg ,d leL;k lek/kku lfefr ds :i esa dk;Z djrh gS A
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj ikus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr va'kksa dks tksMd
+ j le>kuk pkfg,
fd ,d xzke laxBu vius lnL; lewgksa ds fy, fuEufyf[kr lsok,a iznku djrs gS&a
1- leL;kvksa dh igpku ,oa bldk lek/ku&
· lkekftd eqn~nksa dh igpku
· lkekftd leL;kvksa ds lek/ku gsrq dk;Z ;kstuk cukuk
· vfuok;Z lkekftd fu;e cukuk
2- foÙkh; dks"k&
· xzke laxBu vius iQaM ls rFkk fofHkUu cSd a ] ljdkjh ,tsfa l;ka ,oa vU; foÙkh; laLFkkvksa
ls leUo; dj vius lnL; lewgksa ds foÙkh; vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus dh dksf'k'k
djrk gS A
3- vR;ar xjhc ,oa xjhcksa dk lewg cukuk&
· lkjs xjhc ,oa vR;ar xjhc dks lewg ls tksMu+ k
· lkjs xjhc ifjokjksa dh ,drk ,oa leUo; ls xzke laxBu xjhch ls ckgj fudyus ij ppkZ
djrs gSa
4- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dk vuqJo.k ,oa etcwrhdj.k&
· xzke laxBu vius lkjs lnL; lewgksa dk ewY;kadu djrh gS
· xzke laxBu] Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa }kjk xjhch ls ckgj vkus ds iz;klksa dk ewY;kadu djrh
gS
· xzke laxBu vius lnL; lewgksa dk xq.koÙkk dk è;ku j[krh gS
5- rduhdh lsok,a&
· xzke laxBu vius lnL; lewgksa ds izf'k{k.k vko’;drk dk igpku djrh gS vkSj
vko';drkuqlkj izf'k{k.k nsdj mudk {kerkc¼Zu djrh gS
· xzke laxBu vius lewgksa dks vad{s k.k dh lqfo/k iznku djrk gS
· xzke laxBu m|ferk fodkl lac/a h lsok,a Hkh iznku djrk gS
6- vU; laLFkkvksa ls tqM+ko&
· vius lnL; lewgksa ds vko';drk dh iwfrZ gsrq xzke laxBu ljdkjh ,oa xSj ljdkjh nksuksa
laLFkkvksa ls leUo; djrh gS] tSl&s Mh0vkj0Mh0,0] ,u0th0vks0
· xzke laxBu vius lnL; lewgksa dks crkrk gS fd dkSu&dkSu ls lsok,a rduhdh ,oa
izf'k{k.k lac/a h lsok,a iznku djrk gS
6- fu;e cuokus esa enn&
· xzke laxBu vius lnL;¼lewg½ dks fodkl ds fy, fofHkUu fu;e cuokus esa enn
djrk gS
blds ckn izf'k{kd dks pkVZ fn[kkdj mldk fooj.k djuk pkfg,&
** xzke laxBu cSyxkM+h ds ,d ifg, dh rjg gS vkSj bldh lkjh lsok,a ifg, ds cYys
dh rjg gSa A vxj ,d cYys Hkh Bhd ls dke ugha djsa rks xzke laxBu vPNk dke ugha dj
ldsxs k A **
xzke laxBu&laLFkk
rjhdk& foLr`r lewg ifjppkZ
izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr iz'u iwNuk pkfg,&
1- xjhcksa ds }kjk vius nSfud thou esa D;k&D;k phtsa [kjhnus iM+rs gS\a
2- lkjs lkeku vdsys [kjhns tkrs gSa ;k lkewfgd :i ls\
3- lkjs oLrqvksa dks ,d lkFk lkewfgd :i ls <sj lkjh ek=k esa [kjhnus ds D;k iQk;ns gS]a
vkSj ;s lkjs lkeku vyx&vyx O;fDr;ksa }kjk [kjhnus ds D;k gkfu;ka gS\a
lnL;ksa ls visf{kr mÙkj ikus ds ckn izf'k{kd dks fuEufyf[kr ckrsa tksMd
+ j le>kuk pkfg,&
· xzke laxBu <sj lkjs Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa dk ,d laxBu gS A
· ,d lewg vdsys cgqr cM+h leL;kvksa dk lek/kku ugha dj ikrk gS tcfd <sj lkjs
lewgksa dks ,d lkFk laxfBr gksus ij etcwrh vk tkus ds dkj.k lkjh leL;kvksa dk
lek/ku gksrk gS A
· xzke laxBu xjhcksa dks lkekftd] foÙkh;] rduhdh ,oa vU; ljdkjh ,oa xSj ljdkjh
laLFkkvksa ls tqMk+ o ;k leUo; dj mlds xjhch ds lek/kku esa lgk;rk djrk gS A