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    10-076 Stainlesssteelinmunicipalwastewatertreatmentplants

    Uploaded by

    Rishi Jeevan

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    | TB) Lr Co Pete cy Peed Stainless steel in municipal waste water treatment plants by AH. Tuthill and S. Lamb Nem Cota tN eee) The material presented in this publication has been prepared for the general information of the reader and should not be used or relied on for specific applica- tions without first securing competent advice. The Nickel Development Institute, its members, staff and consultants do not represent or warrant its suitability for any general or putin Ee Tut specific use and assume no and Stephen Lamb liability or responsibility of are consultants to the any kind in connection with Nickel Development Institute the information herein. Nickel Development institute Guidelines for the use of stainless steel in municipal waste water treatment plants AH. Tuthill S. Lamb Stainless steel piping has served as the standard material of construction for municipal waste water treatment plants (WWTP'S) builtin the United States over the past 25 years. A typical plant is shown in Figure 1. Since the late 1960"s, over 1600 municipal WWTP's have been built using stainless steel aeration, digester gas and sludge transfer piping, as well as stainless ste! stide gates, valves, tanks, screens, handrails and other equipment. Stain- less steel was selected originally over galvanized and painted carbon steel in order to reduce the higher maintenance and replacement costs associated with these less corrosion resis- tant materials, Overall experience has been good to excellent (1). This anicle reviews the suitability and performance ofthe several grades of stainless steels that have been used or con- sidered for waste water treatment plants and identifies guidelines that will assist the user to obtain the best results from the stainless steel selected for these plants. ‘The austenitic grades used in waste water treatment plants have 16-20% Cr, 8-14% Ni and the Mo containing. ‘grades, 2-3% Mo, Table Ishows the common name, the UNS number, the British, German and Swedish designations and ‘compositions forthe wrought grades. Table ITshows the sub- stantially higher ASME allowable design stresses for stainless steel pipe compared to those for carbon steel pipe, especially ‘when stainless pipe is supplied as a dual-certified product, Table Il ASME allowable design stresses (ksi) Temperature 0-100°F ‘Stainless steel welded pipe ASTMASI2 Type 904 160 Type 30st 133 Type 316 160 Type 316L 133 Carbon stee! pipe ASTMAS3 Seamless type A 120 Seamless type B 150 Figure 1 Waste water treatment plant. Canegrat, Italy. Welded type A 102 Welded type B 128 Table! Alloy identification and compositions % ommon UNS British German Swedish EURONORM Name NO. BS DIN ss EN c cr WN Mo___Fe 304 $3040 304831 1.4907 2883 1.4901 oe 180=C00 SC Sod. $30403 S04S11 1.4906 2852 1.4906 003180 100 = Ba 316 $3160 316831401 R711 008 «170-120-2080 Bal. 316L__$31603__316S11_1.4404__—2348_ 1.4404 ogg 170120 2.080 Ba. Stainless steels in ‘municipal waste water treatment plants ‘Typical primary and secondary water reclamation plant ‘lvaded sludge and veking titer Figure 2 Typical flow diagram for a waste water treatment plant. Table Ill_ WWTP environments thereby allowing the use of the higher design properties while maintaining the low carbon for weldability. The low carbon grades, Types 3041 and 316L, are used for welded construction. These low carbon grades are designed to be resistant to intergranular corrosion after ‘welding without further heat treatment. The higher carbon content grades have slightly higher strength and are used primarily for pump shafts and valve stems where welding is not involved and the higher strength can be used to ad- vantage in the design. The Mo containing grades are more resistant to localized corrosion and are preferred for more aggressive conditions or simply for greater insurance against unusual conditions which may exist from time to time, The cast equivalent grades have comparable corro- sion resistance and comparable mechanical properties. WWTP ENVIRONMENTS Figure 2 shows a typical flow diagram for a waste water treatment plant, indicating the locations where corrosion test specimens were exposed to actual plant conditions for different periods of time. These tests were run in different Plant Location Flow Rate Feedstock Other Comments {Municipal Waste Feed NA Raw unreated sewage BOD 175-800ppm Suspended solids 220-850ppm 0, 140ppm 2. Mixed Feed & Activated Sludge 2-9 fs 70% sowage 30% acve siudge +H. — 8. Aeration Tanks violent agitation 70% sewage 30% active siuige 4. Claes (secondary setters) Low velocity Activated sludge wit some effvent — — 5. Concentrated Active Suge Fairly high = = 6. Vacuum Fier to Disposal No eration 1 fs Activated sudge to vacuum fiter Some enc chloride additions 7. Discharge Effluent 2s moderate aeration — - 8. Sewage Effuent 45 ls extensive aeration Can have high Choride and dissolved solids 9. Tickle Filter = = aeration high Tipe roweioe 677.777. Table 1V_ Corrosion rates in WWTP environments, mpy (mmiyt) Plant Location Type 304 ‘Type 316 1010 Stee! 4. Municipal Waste Feed <0" (0.002) <0." (<0.002) 30-90 (0.075-0.225) 2. Nixed Feed and Activated Studge <1 (<0.002) <1 (£0,002) 48 (ot) 3. Aeration Tanks <0 (0.002) <0:1 (0.002) 15-50 (0.087-0.127) 4. Clair (secondary setters) <1" (0,002) <1 (0,002) 30- 64° (0.075-0.162) 5. Concentrated Active Sludge <4" (€0.002) <0. (<0,002) 4a (0.122) 6. Vacuum Fiter to Disposal <0.1" (<0.002) it" (0,02) 37- 83 (0.094-0.210) 7. Discharge Effient

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