KL Cöni - Evsjv P Ovší MV RKB

‡kl cÖni - evsjv P~ovšÍ mv‡Rkb
‡kl cÖni - 01
01. ÔevMavivÕ e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡k Av‡jvwPZ nq?
(K) evK¨Z‡Ë¡ (L) Q›` cÖKi‡Y (M) A_©Z‡Ë¡ (N) iƒcZ‡Ë¡
DËi: (K)| e¨vL¨v:
aŸwbZË¡ TechniQue: aŸwb ev eY© hy³ mKj kã| ‡hgb: aŸwbi cwieZ©b, aŸwbi D”PviY, eY© web¨vm, eY© cÖKiY,
mwÜ, Y-Z¡ I l-Z¡ weavb| †UKwb‡Ki e¨wZµg: mwÜ, Y-Z¡ I l-Z¡ weavb|
A_©ZË¡ TechniQue: k‡ãi †k‡l ÔA_©Õ D”PviY n‡e| †hgb: gyL¨v_©, †M․Yv_©, jÿ¨v_©, evP¨v_©, wecixZv_©K/ wecixZ
kã| Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e- kãv_© I mgv_©K kã kãZ‡Ë¡ Av‡jvwPZ nq|
evK¨ZË¡/ evMaviv c`µg GK K_vq cÖKvk Dw³ c` cwie©Zb
c`µg TechniQue: hwZi evevi ev‡ci GKUvB Dw³ c` cwieZ© ‡ bi|
hwZ/‡Q` wPý evP¨ evK¨ hy³ †h‡Kvb kã| †hgb: evK¨ cÖKiY/cwieZ©b/ms‡KvPb/iƒcvšÍi BZ¨vw`|
kãZË¡/ TechniQue: Dc‡ii ¸‡jv Qvov me kãZ‡Ë¡ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq| ‡hgb: DcmM©, AbymM©, KviK, wefw³, avZz,
iƒcZË¡ mgvm, ePb, wj½, cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨q, wµqvi Kvj/fve, kã/ kãv_©, mgv_©K kã, c` cÖKiY, BZ¨vw`|
02. ‡Kvb weivg wP‡ý _vg‡Z nq bv?
(K) nvB‡db (L) W¨vk (M) †mwg‡Kvjb (N) †Kvjb
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: ‡Kvb hwZ wP‡ý KZÿY _vg‡Z nq-
 B‡jK e‡j nvB‡db fvB eªv‡K‡U _vgvi ìKvi bvB| GB wZbwU hwZ wP‡ý _vg‡Z nq bv|
 GK ejv gv‡b ÔDKÕ| GLv‡b, DK ÔDÕ- D×iY/D×…wZ Ges ÔKÕ- Kgv| 1 ej‡Z †h mgq jv‡M ZZÿY _vg‡Z nq|
 Ò1 ejvi wØ¸Y ‡mwg‡KvjbÓ| GB GKwU hwZ wP‡ý 1 ejvi wØ¸Y mgq _vg‡Z nq|
 W¨vk`v I †Kv‡Kv 1 †m‡KÛ wewR| GLv‡b W¨vk, `v-ùvwo, ‡Kv-†Kvjb, ‡Kv-†KvjbW¨vk, we-we¯§q, wR-wR½vmv GB
6wU wP‡ý 1 †m‡KÛ _vg‡Z nq|
03. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wbZ¨ cyiælevPK kã?
(K) fvmyi (L) †eqvB (M) ‣¯¿Y (N) VvKzi
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: wbZ¨ cyiæl-evPK kã
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: evgyb ivócwZi AbygwZ †c‡q Kvcyiæl-KweivR wePvicwZ †mbvcwZ †hv×v I XvKx‡K †W‡K ej‡jb,
hviv GL‡bv AK…Z`vi, cy‡ivwnZÕi wb‡`©‡k Zviv K…Z`vi n‡q •¯¿Y n‡q hvI|
A_© msKjb: XvKx - †h XvK evRvq; AK…Z`vi - AweevwnZ; K…Z`vi - weevwnZ; •¯¿Y - ¯¿xi ekxf~Z|
04. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wbZ¨ mgvm?
(K) fv‡jv-g›` (L) ‡mZvi (M) ‡`kvšÍi (N) cÂb`
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: wbZ¨ mgvm- mg¯Íc‡ì †k‡l ÔAšÍiÕ ev ÔgvÎÕ _vK‡e| †hgb: hyMvšÍi = Ab¨ hyM; MÖvgvšÍi =
Ab¨ MÖvg; ‡`kvšÍi = Ab¨ †`k; M„nvšÍi = Ab¨ M„n; `k©bgvÎ = †Kej `k©b; ‡kvbv gvÎ = †Kej ‡kvbv| Giƒc KvjvšÍi,
evK¨všÍi, ¯ vbvšÍi, gZvšÍi, †jvKvšÍi, iƒcvšÍi, †`Lv gvÎ, ejv gvÎ BZ¨vw`| GQvovI weivbeŸB = `yB Ges beŸB; Avgiv
= Zzwg Avwg I †m; Kvjmvc = Kvj Zzj¨ mvc| ‡UKwb‡Ki e¨wZµg: †ZcvšÍi = wZb cv‡šÍi mgvnvi (wØ¸) Ges
AwZgvÎ = gvÎv‡K AwZµvšÍ (Ae¨qxfve)| GLv‡b, fv‡jv-g›` (Ø›Ø); †mZvi (msL¨vevPK eûeªxwn); cÂb` (wØ¸)|
05. Ôm~h©Õ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã †KvbwU?
(K) weay (L) wngvsï (M) wbkvKi (N) mweZv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: Zcb, Avw`Z¨ I fvby-iwe wèvKi Gi fvB AvdZveÕi mv‡_ cÖfvKi Gi †evb mweZvi we‡q
w`‡Z dzj Avb‡Z w`‡bk ivq fv¯‥i I wefvKi‡K AK©Õi eÜ, gvZ©ÐÕi Kv‡Q cvVv‡jv|
Av‡iv wKQz: w`bgwY, w`bcwZ, w`bbv_, w`bKi, wèvemy, Askgvb, Asïgvjx, wKiYgvjx, c~lv, c~lY, DlvcwZ, nwi`k¦|
evsjv wel‡q †h‡Kv‡bv mgm¨v mgvav‡b Join Fb Group: nvmbvZÕm evsjv e¨vL¨v 1
06. ‡Kej DbœZ cÖvwYevPK k‡ãi eûeP‡b nq-
(K) mKj (L) eM© (M) wbPq (N) gvjv
DËi: (L)| e¨vL¨v:
1. DbœZ cÖvwYevPK gbyl¨ k‡ãi eû eP‡b eëüZ kã MY, 3. AcÖvwYevPK k‡ã eëüZ eû ePb‡evaK kã ivwR,
e„›`, gÐjx, eM©| Avewj, ¸”Q, `vg, wbKi, cyÄ, gvjv, ivwk, wbPq|
2. cÖvwYevPK I AcÖvwYevPK Dfq k‡ãi eûeP‡b Kzj, 4. ‡Kej hš‧i eûeP‡b eëüZ nq cvj I h~_|
mKj, me, mg~n mgwó‡evaK kã eëüZ nq|
TechniQue:
e„›` gÐjx Kzj mg~n 4. AcÖvwYi †ÿ‡Î-gvjv `vg ¸”Q 3. Rš‧iv -
1. DbœZ cÖvwYiv e„g eM©| 2. cÖvwY AcÖvwYiv Kzm mm&| wbKi wbPq cyÄ cvj hy_|
eM© MY me mKj ivwR ivwk Avewj
07. ÔevevÕ †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ kã?
(K) ms¯‥…Z (L) wnw›` (M) evsjv (N) ZzwK©
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: ZzwK© kã
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: †gvNj es‡ki Lvb evev PKgwK SKgK PvKz, KuvwP I †KvZ©vi †Kvc w`‡q wPK MvwjPv AvjLvjøv †K‡U
†d‡j‡Q| mIMvZ †c‡q DReyK `v‡ivMv ‡LvKv Av‡m| Kvey eveywP© D`y© gyP‡jKv w`‡q Kwj-PvKi Kzwb©k Gi jvk wb‡q hvq|
Av‡iv wKQz: †Zvc, PvKivwb, †Kvg©v, ‡eMg|
A_© msKjb: mIMvZ - Dcnvi, †fU; DReyK - Avnv¤§K, †evKv, gyL©; Kzwb©k - m¤£gc~Y© Awfev`b|
08. Ôhv `gb Kiv KóKiÕ-GK K_vq Kx e‡j?
(K) A`g¨ (L) `y`©gbxq (M) `ywb©evi (N) Awbevh©
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: ÔKóKi / hvq bvÕ _vK‡j cÖ_‡g Ô`yÕ e‡m|
hv `gb Kiv KóKi - `y`©gbxq hv mn¨ Kiv hvq bv - `ywe©ln hvnv mn‡R j•Nb Kiv hvq bv - `yj©•N¨
hv wbeviY Kiv KóKi - `ywb©evi hv mn‡R cvIqv hvq bv - `y®úÖvc¨ hvnv mn‡R DËx©Y nIqv hvq bv - `y¯Íi
hv K‡ó jvf Kiv hvq - `yj©f hv mn‡R `gb Kiv hvq bv - `y`g© hvnv mn‡R AwZµg Kiv hvq bv / hv K‡ó
hv K‡ó Rq Kiv hvq - `yR©q hvnv‡Z mn‡R Mgb Kiv hvq bv - `yM©g AwZµg Kiv hvq bv - `yiwZµg¨|
09. wb‡Pi †KvbwU e¨wZµg?
(K) wb®‥j¼ (L) ev®ú (M) PZz®ú` (N) Av¯ú`
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔAÕ Ges ÔAvÕ ev‡` evwK 9 wU ¯îaŸwbi ci g~a©b¨-l e‡m| †hgb: fwel¨Z, Awf‡lK, welv`, Avwe®‥vi, cwi®‥vi,
ewn®‥vi, wb®úvc, f~wgô, wb®úÖvY, Awbó, AwZô, cÖwZôvb, Abyôvb, c„ôv, `y®‥…wZ, `y®‥…Z, wb®úbœ, wb®‥…wZ, wb®‥j¼, PZz‡®‥vY,
PZz®ú`, mylyß, Avqy®§vb, wZi¯‥vi, bg¯‥vi, cyi¯‥vi, ci¯úi, e„n¯úwZ, Av¯ú`, †¯œnv¯ú`, kÖ×v¯ú`|
Z‡e ÔZÕ eM©xq e‡Y©i mv‡_ ÔmÕ hy³ nq| †hgb: wb‡¯ÍR, cwiw¯ wZ, wb¯Íä, wb¯Ívi, we¯Ívi|
e¨wZµg: wbqgvbymv‡i ÔAÕ Ges ÔAvÕ ev‡` evwK 9wU ¯îaŸwbi ci g~a©b¨-l em‡jI wKQz kã Av‡Q hv e¨wZµg| †hgb:
ev®ú, we¯§q, we¯§„wZ, we¯^v`, we‡ùviY, cwi¯ªywZ, cwiùzU, wbt¯ú„n, wb¯ú`, my¯úó|
10. Òe`‡gRvRÓ kãwU‡Z Ôe`Õ †Kvb DcmM©?
(K) Aviwe (L) ms¯‥…Z (M) dviwm (N) wnw›`
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: GK‡hv‡M we‡`wk DcmM©¸‡jv †Ìqv nj:
dviwm DcmM© Aviwe DcmM© Bs‡iwR DcmM© wnw›`-D`©y
e` ei ì Kvi bv Avg Lvm jv Mi ‡nW mve nvd dzj| ni|
e †e wd Kg wbg| L‡qi ev‡R|
11. ÔÿzavZ©Õ Gi mwÜ-we‡”Q`Ñ
(K) ÿzr + AvZ© (L) ÿzav + AvZ© (M) ÿzav + FZ (N) ÿza + AvZ©
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: D”PviYMZ fv‡e (Avi / Ai) n‡j Zvi ¯ ‡j F n‡e| †hgb:
ÿzavZ© = ÿzav + FZ fqvZ© = fq + FZ ‡èwl© = †è + Fwl gnwl© = gnv + Fwl
kxZvZ© = kxZ + FZ Z…òvZ© = Z…òv + FZ ivRwl© = ivRv + Fwl mßwl = mß + Fwl
MxZvZ© = MxZ + FZ wccvmvZ© = wccvmv + FZ DËgY© = DËg + FY AagY© = Aag + FY
12. c`vwkÖZ wb‡`©k‡Ki eënv‡i wb‡`©kK me©bv‡gi c‡i Uv, wU hy³ n‡j Zv Kx nq?
(K) Awbw`©ó (L) mywbw`©ó (M) wbw`©ó (N) we‡kl A‡_© wbw`©ó
 GK msL¨v + Uv / wU / Lvbv / Lvwb = Awbw`©ó| †hgb: GKwU Kjg, GK Lvbv K¤^j|
 GK Qvov †h‡Kvb msL¨v + Uv / wU / Lvbv / Lvwb = wbw`©ó| †hgb: `kwU eQi, wZbwU UvKv|
 me©bvg wb‡`©kK + Uv / wU = mywbw`©ó| †hgb: K) IwU †hb Kvi •Zwi | L) GUv bq IUv Avb|
 Lvwb KweZvi jvB‡b = we‡kl A‡_© wbw`©ó| ‡hgb: ÔAvwg AfvMv G‡bwQ ewnqv bqb R‡j e¨_© mvabLvwb|Õ
13. Ô`vZvÕ k‡ãi cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q †KvbwU?
(K) √`v + AK& (L) √`v + Z…P& (M) √`vZ + Av (N) √`v + YK&
k‡ãi †klvsk K…r cÖZ¨q cÖK…wZ + cÖZ¨q
KZ©v = √K… + Z…P& `vZv = √`v + Z…P& ‡kÖvZv = √kÖæ + Z…P&
Zv / av Z…P& MÖnxZv = √MÖn + Z…P& ‡bZv = √bx + Z…P& ‡µZv = √µx + Z…P&
†hv×v = √hya& + Z…P gvZv = √gv + Z…P& Awf‡bZv = Awf + √bx + Z…P&
14. wb‡Pi †Kvb¸‡jv civkÖqx eY©?
(K) O, T, b (L) s, t, u (M) k, l, m (N) i, o, p
01. ¯úk© eY© †gvU- 25wU (K-g ch©šÍ)| 07. cvwk¦©K eY© - 1 wU (j)|
02. AšÍt¯  eY©- 4wU (h, i, j, e)| 08. bvwmK¨ eY©- 5wU (O, T, Y, b, g)|
03. wkk ev D®§ eY©- 4wU (k, l, m, n)| 09. Nl©YRvZ aŸwb- 3wU (k, l, m)|
04. djv eY©- 6wU (g, b, i, e, h, j)| 10. civkÖqx eY©- 3wU (s, t, u)|
05. ZvobRvZ eY© 2wU - (o, p)| 11. AbybvwmK cÖZxK ev eY© - 1wU ( u )|
06. K¤úb RvZ eY© - 1wU (i)| 12. A‡hvMevn eY© - 2wU (s,t)|
15. ÔKcvjKzÐjvÕ Dcb¨vmwU Kvi iPbv?
(K) iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi (L) kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq (M) ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq (N) Rxebv›` `vk
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ew¼gP‡›`ªi Dcb¨vm-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: ivR wms‡ni1882 `yB †g‡q Bw›ìv1873 I `y‡M©kbw›`bx,1865 †èx †P․ayivbxi1884 `yB †Q‡j iRbx1877
I P›`ª‡kLi‡K1875 fv‡jv‡e‡m Avb›`g‡Vi1882 ivavivbxi1886 gw›`‡i mxZvivg‡K1887 mvÿx †i‡L K…òKv‡šÍi DBj1878 G
mvÿ¨ K‡i we‡q K‡ib| we‡qi w`b g„Yvwjbx1869 †èx Zv‡ì‡K ew¼gP‡›`ªi Dcb¨vm KcvjKzÐjv,1866 wele„ÿ1873 I
hyMvjv½yixq1874 Dcnvi w`‡qwQj|
16. ‡Kvb eY© `y‡Uvi mv‡_ ÔYÕ I ÔlÕ hy³ nq?
(K) U, V (L) e, f (M) F, i (N) Z, _
DËi: (K)|
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔUÕ eMx©q e‡Y©i m‡½ hy³ (U, V, W, X) Ae¯ vq memgq (Y I l) e‡m| †hgb: NÈv, jÉb, LÐ, eÈb, KvÐ, KÉ,
Iô¨, m„ó, ¯ªóv, `ªóv, `„wó, e„wó BZ¨vw`| Z‡e we‡`wk fvlvq Ôl/YÕ eR©bxq A_©vr Ôm/bÕ n‡e| ‡hgb: ‡i÷z‡i›U, gv÷vi,
‡cv÷gv÷vi, Wv÷vi, †÷kb, d‡Uv÷¨vU, ‡÷vwWI, K‡b©j, gWvb©, †Kivwb(dviwm), KziAvb(Aviwe), †Kvievwb(Aviwe),
ciMbv(dviwm), ìæb(dviwm), w÷j, ÷vi, †÷vwWqvg, †÷kbvwi, PvKivwb BZ¨vw`|
17. Ôb`x‡Z cvwb Av‡QÕ- Ôb`x‡ZÕ †Kvb KviK?
(K) HK‡`wkK AwaKiY (L) •elwqK AwaKiY (M) Awfe¨vcK AwaKiY (N) KvjvwaKiY
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: AwaKiY Kvi‡Ki AvavivwaKiY (¯ vb ev welq) ‡evSv‡j
HK‡`wkK Awfe¨vcK ‣elwqK
Pzj cwigvY Ask duvKv Pzj cwigvY Ask duvKv bv ‡Kv‡bv wel‡q `ÿZv ev
_vK‡j Zv HK‡`wkK| _vK‡j Zv Awfe¨vcK| A`ÿZv †evSv‡j Zv •elwqK|
1. cyKz‡i gvQ Av‡Q| 1. cyKz‡i Kv`v Av‡Q| 1. iwe e¨vKi‡Y KuvPv|
2. e‡b evN Av‡Q| 2. wZ‡j •Zj Av‡Q| 2. mvby As‡K fv‡jv|
3. AvKv‡k Puv` D‡V‡Q| 3. b`x‡Z cvwb Av‡Q| 3. iwe evsjvq cvKv|
18. welgxfe‡bi D`vniY †KvbwU?
(K) MÖvg > †Mivg (L) wejvwZ > wewjwZ (M) cvKv > cv°v (N) jvj > bvj
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: welgxfeb- `y‡Uv mge‡Y©i GKwUi cwieZ©b‡K welgxfeb e‡j| †hgb- kixi > kixj, jvj > bvj, Avigvwi >
Avjgvwi, Avbvbm > Avbvim, Z‡ivqvi > Z‡jvqvi, jv½j > bv½j|
jÿYxq: welgxfe‡bi Av‡iK bvg mv`„k¨MZ cwieZ©b| welgxfeb n‡”Q mgxfe‡bi wecixZ|
GLv‡b, MÖvg > †Mivg (ga¨ ¯îvMg); wejvwZ > wewjwZ (ga¨MZ ¯îm½wZ); cvKv > cv°v (e¨Äb wØZ¡Zv)|
19. cÖZ¨qMZfv‡e ï× †KvbwU?
(K) DrKl©Zv (L) DrKl© (M) DrK…ó (N) DrK…óZv
DËi: (L, M)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔDrKl©Õ (Dr + ∙K…l& + A) cÖZ¨q mwaZ kã, GwU we‡kl¨| Avi Gi mv‡_ ÔZvÕ (we‡kl¨) cÖZ¨q hy³ Ki‡j
ÔDrKl©ZvÕ nq hv we‡k‡lï wØZ¡ cÖ‡qvM A_©vr evûj¨ †`vl| myZivs ÔDrKl©ZvÕ kãwU fzj|
ÔDrK…óÕ (Dr + ∙K…l& + Z) cÖZ¨q mvwaZ kã, GwU we‡klY| Avi Gi mv‡_ ÔZvÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ Ki‡j ÔDrK…óZvÕ kãwU
we‡kl¨ cÖKvk K‡i| Avi DrKl© k‡ãi mgv_©K kã DrK…óZv|
GLv‡b ÔDrKl©ZvÕ kãwU fzj| Gevi Avmv hvK cÖ‡kœ hv PvIqv n‡q‡Q cÖZ¨qMZfv‡e ï× †KvbwU Ñ GLv‡b cÖZ¨qMZ kã
`ywU DrKl© (Dr + ∙K…l& + A) I DrK…ó (Dr + ∙K…l& + Z)|
myZivs mwVK DËi (L) I (M) `y‡UvB| A_© msKjb: DrKl© - DrK…óZv, †kÖôZv, DbœwZ| Gi wecixZ A_© - AcKl©|
20. ÔMvQcv_iÕ evMavivwUi A_©-
(K) f~wgKv Kiv (L) wnmve-wbKvk (M) Am¤¢e e¯‧ (N) evovevwo Kiv
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: AK~j cv_vi = fxlY wec`; MvQcv_i = wnmve-wbKvk|
Am¤¢e e¯‘ KvuVv‡ji AvgmË¡, e¨v‡Oi mw`©, Kzwg‡ii mwbœcvZ, cwðg w`‡K m~h© IVv, †mvbvi cv_i evwU|
`yj©f e¯‘ ev‡Ni `ya/ †PvL, Agvem¨vi Puv`, Av‡jqvi Av‡jv|
‡kl cÖni - 02
01. A_©MZfv‡e evsjv fvlvi kãmg~n‡K Kq fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q?
(K) `yB (L) wZb (M) Pvi (N) cuvP
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: M`y AZ Dc‡i
M- MVb Abymv‡i = `y- `yB cÖKvi (‡g․wjK, mvwaZ)|
A- A_© Abymv‡i = Z- wZb cÖKvi (‡h․wMK, iƒp/iƒwp, †hvMiƒp)|
D- Drm Abymv‡i = c- cuvP cÖKvi (Zrmg, Aa©-Zrmg, Z™¢e, †`wk, we‡`wk)|
02. wb‡Pi †Kvb¸”Q ‡Nvl gnvcÖvY?
(K) K, P, R, k (L) N, a, g, l (M) V, _, c, m (N) Q, X, f, n
DËi: (N)| e¨vL¨v:
A‡Nvl ‡Nvl
D”PviY ¯’vb AícÖvY gnvcÖvY AícÖvY gnvcÖvY bvwmK¨ g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e:
KÉ¨/ wRnŸvg~jxq eY© K L M N O n (k,l,m) eY© wZbwU
Zvje¨ eY© P Q R S T k, h, q A‡Nvl AícÖvY|
g~a©b¨/ cðvr `šÍg~jxq U V W X Y l, o, p, i Avi (n) eY©wU
`šÍ¨ g~jxq Z _ ` a b m, r, j †Nvl gnvcÖvY|
Iô¨ c d e f g
03. evsjv fvlvi ZvwiLevPK kã¸‡jvi cÖ_g PviwU †Kvb fvlvi wbq‡g mvwaZ?
(K) Aviwe (L) dviwm (M) wnw›` (N) evsjv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ZvwiLevPK k‡ãi cÖ_g 4wU (c‡njv, †`vmiv, †Zmiv, †P․Vv) wnw›` wbq‡g mvwaZ| evwK 28 wU (5-32 ch©šÍ) kã
evsjvi wbR¯^ fw½‡Z mvwaZ n‡q‡Q| jÿYxq: Ôc‡njv WvKÕ Gi Ôc‡njvÕ ZvwiLevPK kã bq KviY Ôc‡njv WvKÕ Øviv
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q cÖ_g WvK hv wbjv‡g WvK nq| A_©vr Ôc‡njv WvKÕ Gi c‡njv µgevPK kã|
TechniQue: ZvwiL †evSv‡jB Zv ZvwiLevPK n‡e wKš‧ ZvwiL Qvov Ab¨ wKQz †evSv‡j Zv µgevPK n‡e|
04. Ôwg_¨vev`x‡K mevB AcQ›` K‡iÕ - evK¨wU‡Z †bwZevPK evK¨ iƒcvšÍi Ki‡j nq-
(K) wg_¨vev`x‡K mevB cQ›` K‡i (L) wg_¨vev`x‡K mevB cQ›` bv K‡i cvwi bv
(M) wg_¨vev`x‡K †KD cQ›` K‡i bv (N) wg_¨vev`x‡K †KD AcQ›` K‡i bv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡bwZevPK ev‡K¨ bv-m~PK (bv, bq, ‡bB, wb, bvB) BZ¨vw` bT_©K Ae¨q eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| bv-evPK wµqv/
kã/ Ae¨q wg‡j ev‡K¨ `yÕevi eënvi K‡i Aw¯ÍevPK ev nüv-evPK fve eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e|
Aw¯ÍevPK - wg_¨vev`x‡K mevB AcQ›` K‡i| ‡bwZevPK - wg_¨vev`x‡K †KD cQ›` K‡i bv|
05. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cZz©wMR kã?
(K) wW‡cv (L) LÏi (M) evjwZ (N) wPwb
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: cZz©wMR kã:
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: Kvgivi Pvwe wb‡q †Zvqv‡j, mvevb, evjwZ `vI| eviv›`vi Rvbvjvi Miv` †_‡K Bw¯Íwi Kiv KvZvb
KvwgR `vI| †evZvg wdZv bv _vK‡j Avjwcb-‡c‡iK w`‡qB AvUKv‡ev| Ab¨w`‡K eM©v wgw¯¿ mv¸, mvjmv †L‡q gv¯‧‡j
AvjKvZiv jvMvq| AvZv, Avbvim, †cqviv, †cu‡c, cvDiæwU, Kveve, AvPvi †L‡q wMR©vi cv`wi whï‡K fw³ Rvbvq| Avi
wdwiw½ gvK©v †jv‡Kiv †evgv wc¯Íj w`‡q ¸`vg I B¯úvZ Gi Avjgvwi ‡f‡½ Mvgjv, evmb, †envjv †K`viv, Kyk cvPvi
K‡i wbjv‡g Zz‡j‡Q| Av‡iv wKQz kã©: dg©v, gvBwi, Avqv, ZvgvK, KvgivOv, ev`K, Kwc (Z‡e Kwd - BsiwR)| GLv‡b,
wW‡cv- divwm; LÏi- ¸RivwU, wPwb- wPbv|
06. m¤^Üc‡` †Kvb wefw³ hy³ n‡q _v‡K?
(K) †h, †Z (L) i, Gi (M) G, G‡Z (N) †_‡K, †P‡q
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: m¤^Ü c‡` ÔiÕ ev ÔGiÕ wefw³ hy³ n‡q _v‡K| ‡hgb: Avgvi eB| Lvwj‡ì fvB|
07. ÔbxwjgvÕ Gi mwVK cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨q †KvbwU?
(K) bxj + Z…P (L) bxj + Bgv (M) bxj + Bgb& (N) bxwj + Bgv
DËi: (M)| e¨vL¨v:
k‡ãi †klvsk Zw×Z cÖZ¨q cÖK…wZ + cÖZ¨q
bxwjgv = bxj + Bgb& Zwbgv = Zby + Bgb& iw³gv = i³ + Bgb&
Bgv Bgb& Mwigv = ïiæ + Bgb& gwngv = gnr+ Bgb& Pw›`ªgv = P›`ª + Bgb&
`ªvwNgv = `xN© + Bgb& jvwjgv = jvj + Bgb& †cÖg = wcÖq + Bgb&
08. wµqvi fve Kq cÖKvi?
(K) cuvP (L) Pvi (M) wZb (N) `yB
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: wµqvi fve 4 cÖKvi| h_v: wµqvi fve
1.wb‡`©kK 2.AbyÁv 3.mv‡cÿ 4.AvKv•ÿv cÖKvkK

09. eZ©gv‡b c„w_ex‡Z cÖPwjZ fvlvi msL¨v KZ?
(K) AvovB nvRv‡ii Dci (M) mv‡o Pvi nvRv‡ii Ici
(L) mv‡o wZb nvRv‡ii Ici (N) mv‡o cuvP nvRv‡ii Ici
 evsjvi Avw` Awaevmx‡ì fvlv wQj - AwóK fvlv (bv _vK‡j Abvh© fvlv n‡e)| evOvwj - ksKi RvwZ|
 c„w_ex‡Z eZ©gv‡b fvlv cÖPwjZ - mv‡o wZb nvRv‡ii Dci| evsjv fvlvi eqm cÖvq - 1500 eQi|
 c„w_ex‡Z cÖvq 30 ‡KvwU †jv‡Ki gy‡Li fvlv evsjv| RbmsL¨vi w`K w`‡q c„w_ex‡Z evsjv fvlvi Ae¯ vb 6ô|
10. wbcvZ‡b wm× mwÜ †KvbwU?
(K) cwi®‥…Z (L) cZÄwj (M) DÌvb (N) ms¯‥…wZ
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: wbcvZ‡b ev wbZ¨ e¨ÄbmwÜ:
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: e„n¯úwZ Avi eb¯úwZ `yBfvB| Zviv ci¯úi Z¯‥i (†Pvi) †Mv¯ú` (Miæi cv) Pzwi K‡i|
e„n¯úwZi eqm GKv`k(11) Avi eb¯úwZi eqm †lvok(16)| Zv‡ì Pzwi Kivi mgq †`‡L e‡¤î bvwqKv gbxlv †`‡L Avðh©
n‡q hvq Ges mv‡_ mv‡_ †`․‡o †Mj Qwei bvqK nwið›`ªÕi Kv‡Q| Avi cwiPvjK cZÄwj e‡j w`j hviv Pzwi K‡i Zviv
KL‡bv `y¨‡jvK (‡e‡nk&‡Z) †h‡Z cvi‡e bv|
GLv‡b, e„n¯úwZ = e„nr + cwZ; eb¯úwZ = eb + cwZ; ci¯úi = ci + ci; Z¯‥i = Zr + Ki; ‡Mv®ú` = †Mv +
c`; GKv`k = GK + `k; ‡lvok = lU& + `k; gbxlv = gbm& + Clv; Avðh© = Av + Ph©; nwið›`ª = nwi + P›`ª;
cZÄwj =cZr + AÄwj; `y¨‡jvK = wè& + †jvK|
A_© msKjb: e„n¯úwZ - †è¸iæ, evP¯úwZ, gnvgwÐZ; eb¯úwZ - ‡h Mv‡Qi dzj ‡`Lv hvq bv wKš‘ dzj a‡i (e„ÿ);
gbxlv (‡gvwbkv) - cÖÁv, cÖwZfv, Zxÿèax (wecixZ A_© - wb‡ev©a); cZÄwj - cvwYwbm~‡Îi fvl¨Kvi I Fwlwe‡kl|
11. ÔmgvmÕ kãwU †Kvb c`?
(K) we‡kl¨ (L) we‡klY (K) me©bvg (N) wµqv
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: g‡b ivL‡eb, e¨vKiY bvgmn hZ¸‡jv e¨vKi‡Y Uwc· Gi bvg Av‡Q Zv me n‡e we‡kl¨c`| †hgb: e¨vKiY,
mwÜ, mgvm, KviK, wefw³, ePb, evP¨, Dw³, wj½, cÖK…wZ, cÖZ¨q, DcmM©, AbymM©, avZz, evMaviv BZ¨vw`|
12. wb‡Pi †KvbU DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgvm bq?
(K) Zzlviïå (L) cyiælwmsn (M) Kicjøe (N) gyLP›`ª
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Dcgvb Kg©aviq I DcwgZ Kg©aviq g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e:
 Dcgvb Kg©aviq: mg¯Íc` (we‡kl¨ + we‡klY) Øviv MwVZ n‡e| ‡hgb:- i³jvj GLv‡b i³ we‡kl¨ Ges jvj
we‡klY| Giƒc KvRjKv‡jv, Zylviïå, Zylviaej, AiæYivOv, KymygKgj, eKavwg©K, eR«K‡Vvi, eR«KwVb, MRg~L©,
wgkKv‡jv, Nbk¨vg, weovjZc¯^x, kke¨¯Í, wkwkiwmœ», ågiK…ò/Kv‡jv, KPyKvUv BZ¨vw`|
e¨vmevK¨- (c~e©c` + i/Gi) + b¨vq + cic`| ‡hgb:- i‡³i b¨vq jvj| Giƒcfv‡e Dc‡ii me¸‡jvB n‡e|
 DcwgZ Kg©aviq: mg¯Íc` (we‡kl¨ + we‡kl¨) Øviv MwVZ n‡e| ‡hgb:- cyiælwmsn GLv‡b Dfq-B we‡kl¨c`| Giƒc
evûjZv, Pvu`gyL, P›`ªgyL, ‡mvbvgyL, dyjKygvix, eR«KÉ, i³Rev, Aaicjøe, Kicje, ¯^Y©‡Kvgj BZ¨vw`|
e¨vmevK¨- c~e©c` + (cic` + i/Gi) + b¨vq| ‡hgb:- cyiæl wms‡ni b¨vq| Gfv‡e Dc‡ii me¸‡jvB n‡e|
e¨wZµg: dyjKygvix = Kygvix dy‡ji b¨vq, gyL ‡mvbvi/Pvu‡ì/P‡›`«i b¨vq|
A_© msKjb: Zzlvi - eid; ïå/aej - mv`v; AiæY - m~h©; Kzmyg - dzj, cÖm~b, cy®ú; †Kvgj - big; wgk - wgj, wgkÖY;
wgkKv‡jv - †Nvi K…òeY©; kk - Li‡Mvk; Nb - ‡gN; k¨vg - Kv‡jv ev K…òeY©; ågi - †g․gvwQ; Aai - wb‡Pi †VvuU; cjøe -
cvZv; Ki - nvZ, wKiY|
13. Ôevwji euvaÕ evMavivwUi A_© Kx?
(K) ¯ vqx e¯‧ (L) Avkvq •bivk¨ (M) A¯ vqx e¯‧ (N) me©bvk
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ¸‡o evwj - Avkvq •bivk¨; fivWzwe - me©bvk; evwji eva - A¯ vqx ev ÿY¯ vqx e¯‧| ÿY¯’vqx A‡_© mKj evMaviv
- Zv‡mi Ni, evwji eva, cÙ cvZvi Rj, ki‡Zi wkwki, fvjyK R¡i, R‡ji `vM, R‡ji Avjcbv|
14. wbZ¨ g~a©b¨ -l †Kvb k‡ã eZ©gvb?
(K) Kó (L) Awf‡lK (M) el©v (N) Avlvp
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: ¯^fveZB ev wbZ¨ ÔlÕ
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: Eli Elv bv‡gi GKUv we‡kl ‡g‡q‡K cQ›` KiZ ZvB †m Avlvp gv‡m Clr Avfvl w`j| Elv `xN©
cvuP gvm ci †c․l gv‡m Awfjvl (B”Qv) †cvlY Kij| Zviv GKw`b mwilv ‡ÿ‡Z Nyi‡Z hvq Ggb Ae¯ vq Elvi ‡lvok16
eqmx lÐ fvBwU †`‡L †d‡j ZLb Elv lohš¿Kvwi gvbylÕi gZ Zvi fvlv-fvl¨ cwieZ©b K‡i fxlY-fvlY w`j fvBqv
Avgv‡K G †Q‡jUv †Rvi K‡i Zz‡j G‡b‡Q| ZLb Zvi fvB cvlvY n‡q cvlÐÕi gZ gvi‡Z gvi‡Z ‡ZvlY-f~lY wQ‡o
†dj‡jv Zey Zvi ‡Øl-‡ivl-Kjyl wgU‡jvbv Avevi cÖnvi Ki‡Z Ki‡Z El‡ii lU&Pµ-‡Kvl w`‡q †køl-‡kølv †ei n‡Z
jvMj ZLb ‡`vl wgUv‡Z †kl G Zv‡K evuPv‡bvi Rb¨ wKQz Ilwa/ Jla/ Jlwa wK‡b w`j|
A_© msKjb: Eli - Abye©i; Elv - †fvi‡ejv, cÖvZtKvj; Avfvl - Avjvc, f~wgKv, gyLeÜ (Z‡e Avfvm A_© Bw½Z); lÐ -
lvuo; fvl¨ - e¨vL¨v; †ZvlY - Avb›`, Z…wß; f~lY - AvfiY, Mnbv; †Øl - wnsmv, Cl©v, cikÖxKvZiZv; †ivl - †µva, ivM; Kjyl
- cvc, †`vl; Ilwa - dj cvK‡j †h MvQ g‡i hvq; Jlwa- †h MvQ †_‡K Jla ‣Zwi Kiv nq|
15. ÔPuv‡ì Agvem¨vÕ Kvi iwPZ Dcb¨vm?
(K) ‣mq` IqvjxDjøvn& (L) Avey Rvdi kvgmyÏxb (M) ‣mq` kvgmyj nK (N) KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ‣mq` IqvjxDjøvn&i Dcb¨vmmg~n-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: jvj PvKv| jvj- jvjmvjy1948 ; Pv- Puv‡ì Agvem¨v1964 ; Kv- Kuv‡`v b`x Kuv‡`v1968|
16. ÔevcRvb > evRvbÕ †Kvb ai‡bi cwieZ©b?
(K) AšÍn©wZ (L) ¯î‡jvc (M) e¨Äb Pz¨wZ (N) c-Kvi †jvc
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: AšÍn©wZ- c‡ì g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv e¨ÄbaŸwb †jvc †c‡j Zv‡K e‡j AšÍn©wZ| †hgb- dvêyb > dv¸b, djvnvi >
djvi, Avjvwn`v > Avjv`v, evcRvb > evRvb, B›`yi > Bu`yi BZ¨vw`|
17. Ô‡fvRbÕ †Kvb cÖKv‡ii we‡kl¨?
(K) ¸YevPK (L) fveevPK (M) mgwóevPK (N) e¯‧evPK
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: we‡kl¨ c` - 6 cÖKvi (msÁvevPK/bvgevPK, RvwZevPK, mgwóevPK, e¯‧evPK, fveevPK, ¸YevPK)|
 RvwZevPK we‡kl¨: gvbyl, Miæ, cvwL, ce©Z, mgy`,ª b`x, wn›`y, gymjgvb| [jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e cÖ‡kœ ïay ce©Z, b`x, mgy`ª
ev giæf~wg ejv _v‡K Zvn‡j Zv RvwZ evPK we‡kl¨ Z‡e hw` ¯úófv‡e bvg D‡jøL _v‡K †hgb: wngvjq ce©Z, †gNbv
b`x, Avie mvMi, mvnviv giæf~wg Zvn‡j Zv msÁvevPK we‡kl¨ n‡e|]
 mgwóevPK we‡kl¨: mfv, RbZv, mwgwZ, cÂv‡qZ, gvnwdj, SuvK, eni, cwievi, `j BZ¨vw`|
 e¯‘evPK we‡kl¨: eB, LvZv, Kjg, _vjv, evwU, gvwU, Pvj, wPwb, jeY, cvwb BZ¨vw`|
 fveevPK we‡kl¨: †fvRb (LvIqvi KvR), `k©b (†`Lvi KvR), Mgb (hvIqvi KvR), kqb, kÖeY, bvPb, Pjb|
 ¸YevPK we‡kl¨: gayiZv, Zvij¨, wZ³Zv, ZviæY¨, ‡m․if, †h․eb, myL, ¯^v¯ ¨ BZ¨vw`|
18. ÔMiwgjÕ kãwU‡Z ÔMiÕ †Kvb DcmM©?
(K) evsjv (L) dviwm (M) Aviwe (N) Zrmg
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Aviwe DcmM©
DcmM© A_©‡`¨vZKZv D`vniY Dcm©M A_©‡`¨vZKZv D`vniY
Avg mvaviY Avgìevi, Avg‡gv³vi jv bv jvRIqve, jvIqvwik, jvcvËv
Lvm we‡kl Lvmgnj, LvmLei, Mi Afve Miwgj, MiivwR, MinvwRi
LvmKvgiv
TechniQue: Avg Lvm jv Mi L‡qi ev‡R| L‡qi I ev‡R bv‡g Av‡iv `ywU Aviwe DcmM© Av‡Q|
19. Ôwcjmy‡R evwZ R¡‡j wgwUi wgwUiÕ -‡Kvb A‡_© wØiæw³?
(K) fv‡ei MwfiZv (L) we‡klY †evSv‡Z (M) mvgvb¨Zv (N) Abyf~wZ †evSv‡Z
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Ae¨q c‡ì wØiæw³ cÖ‡qvM D`vniYmn:
fv‡ei MfxiZv ‡evSv‡Z -Zvi `ytL ‡`‡L mevB nvq nvq Ki‡Z jvMj| wQ wQ Zzwg Kx K‡iQ?
‡c․btcywbKZv †evSv‡Z -evi evi ‡m Kvgvb M‡R© DVj|
Abyf~wZ ev fve †evSv‡Z -f‡q Mv Qg Qg Ki‡Q| †dvuovUv Ub Ub Ki‡Q|
we‡lkY †evSv‡Z -wcjmy‡R evwZ R¡‡j wgwUi wgwUi|
aŸwb e¨Äbv -wSi wSi K‡i evZvm eB‡Q| e„wó c‡o Uvcyi Uzcyi|
20. ev‡K¨ we‡aq we‡klY c` †Kv_vq e‡m?
(K) we‡k‡lï c‡i (L) we‡k‡lï c~‡e© (M) we‡kl‡Yi c‡i (N) we‡kl‡Yi Av‡M
DËi:(K)|
e¨vL¨v: AwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© [Kg‡bi m¤¢vebv]
we‡aq we‡klY we‡k‡lï c‡i †jvKwU †h Ávbx Zv‡Z m‡›`n †bB|
KviK-wefw³ hy³ I we‡kl‡Yi Av‡M †jvKwU eënv‡i LyeB f`ª|
AmgvwcKv wµqv ivRkvnxi Avg †L‡Z PgrKvi|
eûc`gq we‡klY we‡k‡lï c~‡e© †Zvgvi ùvZ-‡ei-Kiv wLjwLj nvwm †`L‡j meviB wcË R¡‡j hvq|
m¤^Ü c` we‡k‡lï c~‡e© N‡ii †Q‡j N‡i wd‡i G‡m‡Q|
mgv_©K kã g‡b ivLvi †K․kj

A¤^y/evwi/Rj = cvwb cq/‡Zvq = cvwb wenM/wen½/wen½g = cvwL
A¤^y`/evwi`/Rj` = ‡gN cqai/‡Zvqai = †gN fzRM/fzR½/fzR½g = mvc
A¤^ywa/evwiwa/Rjwa = mgy`ª cqwa/‡Zvqwa = mgy`ª ZziM/Zzi½/Zzi½g = †Nvov|
‡kl cÖni - 03
01. k‡ãi ÿz`ªZg GKK †KvbwU?
(K) kã (L) Aÿi (M) aŸwb (N) evK¨
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: Dcv`vb ev DcKiY ev GKK †ei Kivi mnR wbqgÑ
Dcv`vb  fvlvi g~j Dcv`vb Ñ aŸwb/eY©|
 ev‡Kï g~j Dcv`vb Ñ aŸwb/eY©|
 k‡ãi g~j Dcv`vb Ñ aŸwb/eY©|
aŸwb kã evK¨ fvlv
 fvlvi g~j DcKiY/GKK Ñ evK¨|
 ev‡Kï g~j DcKiY/GKK Ñ kã|
DcKiY/GKK DcKiY/GKK DcKiY/GKK  k‡ãi g~j DcKiY/GKK Ñ aŸwb/eY©|
we‡kl `ªóe¨: Ack‡b aŸwb bv _vK‡j eY© n‡e| Avi aŸwb I eY© `y‡UvB _vK‡j mwVK DËi aŸwb n‡e|
02. evsjv fvlvi KqwU e‡Y©i gvÎv †bB?
(K) 8 (L) 7 (M) 10 (N) 32
gvÎv ¯î eY© (11) e¨Äb eY© (39) ‡gvU eY© (50)
c~Y©gvÎv 6 26 32
Aa©gvÎv 1 7 8
gvÎvnxb 4 6 10
Õ
03. GKwU Ac~Y© ev‡Kï c‡i Ab¨ GKwU ev‡Kï AeZviYv eySv‡Z †Kvb wPý e‡m?
(K) W¨vm (L) †Kvjb (M) †mwg‡Kvjb (N) c~Y©‡”Q`
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡Kv_vq †Kvb hwZ wPý nq Zvi eënvi ‡Ìqv n‡jv:
 ev‡Kï cwimgvwß †evSv‡Z ùvwo ( | ) e‡m|  Kgvi †P‡q †ewk weiwZi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Ges GKvwaK
 ü`‡qi Av‡eM †evSv‡Z we¯§q ( ! ) e‡m| ¯^vaxb evK¨‡K GKwU ev‡K¨ wjL‡j †m¸‡jvi gvSLv‡b
 e‡Y©i †jvc †evSv‡Z B‡jK ev †jvc wPý ( Õ ) e‡m| †mwg‡Kvjb (;) e‡m|
 cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³ †evSv‡Z D×iY ( ÔÔ ÕÕ ) e‡m|  RwUj I †h․wMK ev‡K¨ GKvwaK ev‡Kï ms‡hvM/ mgš^q
 cÖkœ Kiv †evSv‡Z cÖkœ‡evaK ( ? ) e‡m| †evSv‡Z Ges Am¤ú~Y© ev‡Kï †k‡l W¨vm (Ñ) e‡m|
 mgvme× kã c„_K K‡iZ nvB‡db ( - ) e‡m|  Ac~Y© ev‡Kï ci Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ev‡Kï AeZviYv Kiv n‡j
 D`vniY cÖ`vb Ki‡Z †Kvjb W¨vm ( :- ) e‡m| †Kvjb wPý ( : ) e‡m|
 e¨vL¨vg~jK A‡_© mvwn‡Z¨ 1g eÜbx ( ) e‡m|
we‡lk `ªóe¨: Kgvi eënvi g‡b ivLvi †K․kjmn ‡`L‡Z Ô‡kl cÖni - 08Õ Gi 1bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v †`Lyb|
04. Ôhviv d‡j digvwjb w`‡”Q Zviv wK Av‡`․ gvbyl?Õ evK¨wU-
(K) mij (L) †h․wMK (M) RwUj (N) e¨vmevK¨
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: RwUj evK¨ †Pbvi Dcvq-
mv‡cÿ me©bvg: ‡h- †m, hv- Zv, whwb- wZwb, hviv- Zviv, †hB- †mB, hZ- ZZ BZ¨vw`|
wbZ¨m¤^Üxq Ae¨q: hwÌ-ZeyI, hLb-ZLb, †h‡nZz- †m‡nZz, †hgb- †Zgb, †h-Zv, †hBbv- Agwb, eis, ‡mR‡b¨ BZ¨vw`
Øviv hy³ Ges ev‡K¨ Kgv hy³ _vK‡j Zv RwUj ev wgkÖ evK¨| †hgb:- †h cwikÖg K‡i, †mB myL jvf K‡i| †m †h
Acivax, Zv gyL †`‡LB ey‡SwQ| †jLvcov K‡i †hB, Mvwo-‡Nvovq P‡o †mB| Ôhw` †Zvi WvK k‡b †KD bv Av‡m, Z‡e
GKjv P‡jv †i|Õ
05. wbZ¨ ¯¿xevPK kã †KvbwU?
(K) ûRyivBb (L) gv‡jKv (M) cvMjx (N) WvBwb
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: wbZ¨ ¯¿xevPK kã-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: maev †nvK Avi weaev †nvK Dfq mcZœx nIqv m‡Ë¡I G‡K Ab¨‡K WvBwb, †cZœx, kuvKPzbxœ ,
Kjw¼bx, KzjUv, evBwR e‡j MvjvMvwj K‡i| Iw`‡K Am~h©¤úk¨v mwLbv AšÍtmË¡v| ZvB mrgv G‡qv I `vB LuyR‡Z
†M‡jb| Gw`‡K mwLbvi AšÍtmË¡vi KviY LyuR‡Z wM‡q nvmbvZ fvB e‡jb, MÖv‡gi nvkg‡Zi Kvi‡Y myRjv-mydjv, iƒcmx,
jjbviv AvR AiÿYxqv| ZvB LvuwU Aa©vw½bx cvIqv gykwKj| GLv‡b, ûRyi-ûRyivBb, gv‡jK-gv‡jKv, MvMj-cvMwj|
A_© msKjb: maev/ G‡qv - †h bvixi ¯^vgx RxweZ Av‡Q; mcZœx - ¯^vgxi wØZxq cZœx, mZxb; KzjUv - AmZx bvix; evCwR -
†ckv`vi MvwqKv ev bZ©Kx; Am~h©¤úk¨v - bvix m~h©‡K †`‡L bv (AšÍtcy‡i _v‡K); `vB - cvjbKvwiYx, avBgv, avÎx; Aiÿbxqv -
iÿv Kiv hvq bv Ggb|
06. ÔnvZ I we‡qÕ ‡Kvb ai‡bi kã?
(K) Z™¢e (L) Zrmg (M) †`wk (N) we‡`wk
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: Z™¢e kã/ LuvwU evsjv kã
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: Pvgv‡ii evwo‡Z fzj G `B gvQ fvZ ‡L‡q Puv` †`L‡Z wM‡q gv_vmn nvZ cv Mv Kvb Nv gvq|
Av‡iv kã: AvwLu/ †PvL, fvb, ùvZ, eyK, evQv, †Ìi, gvwU, we‡q, erm, mvIZvj, nvwZ, AvU BZ¨vw`|
07. Ô‡g‡N e„wó nqÕ-Ô‡g‡NÕ †Kvb Kvi‡K †Kvb wefw³?
(K) AwaKi‡Y 7gx (L) K‡g© 7gx (M) Acv`v‡b 7gx (N) Ki‡Y 7gx
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: hv †_‡K wKQz wePz¨Z, M„nxZ, RvZ, weiZ, Avi¤¢, `~ixf~Z I iwÿZ nq Ges hv †`L‡j †KD fxZ nq, Zv‡K
Acv`vb KviK e‡j| †hgb:
wePz¨Z A‡_© - MvQ †_‡K cvZv c‡o| Avi¤¢ A‡_© - †mvgevi †_‡K cwiÿv ïiæ|
- ‡gN †_‡K e„wó c‡o| ‡g‡N e„wó nq| RvZ A‡_© - †LRyi i‡m ¸o nq|
- Qv` †_‡K cvwb c‡o| - Rwg †_‡K dmj cvB|
fxZ - evN‡K fq cvq bv †K? `~ixf~Z A‡_© - †`k †_‡K c½cvj P‡j †M‡Q|
M„nxZ A‡_© - ïw³ †_‡K gy‡³v †g‡j| iwÿZ A‡_© - Avgv‡K G wec` †_‡K evPuvI|
- `ya n‡Z `B nq| weiZ A‡_© - cv‡c weiZ nI|
08. Òb¨vKvwgUv GLb ivLÓ-GLv‡b Ôc`vwkÖZ wb‡`©kKÕ Kx A‡_© eëüZ?
(K) wbi_©KZv (L) we‡kl A‡_© (M) Awbw`©óZv (N) wbw`©óZv
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔmvivwU mKvj †Zvgvi Avkvq e‡m AvwQ|Õ Ôb¨vKvwgUv GLb ivL|Õ Ô‡evKvwgUv GLb ivL|Õ evK¨¸‡jv‡Z Uv, wU-
Gi eënvi wbi_©K A‡_©|
09. wb‡Pi †KvbwU we‡`kvMZ avZz?
(K) WvK& (L) _vK& (M) nvm& (N) eyS&
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: we‡`wk avZzi †ewki fvM AvMZ cÖavbZ wnw›` I K¡wPr Aviwe, dviwm fvlv †_‡K| we‡`wk avZz †gvU 15wU| h_v:
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e- AvU& LvU& Uvb& ‡hb Szj& wdi& jUK& bv hvq| Iw`‡K Rg&-Wi& WvK&, wfR&v †Vj& Pvn&!! cÖ‡qvR‡b weMo&v
†PuP&v - UzU& †hb bv hvq|
A_© msKjb: we‡`wk avZz¸‡jvi g‡a¨ 4wU avZzi A_© gv‡S gv‡S cixÿvq Av‡m| G¸‡jv n‡jv - UzU A_© - †f‡O hvIqv/ wQbœ
nIqv; weMo A_© - bó nIqv/ Aatcv‡Z hvIqv; jUK A_© - †Svjv; Rg A_© - Nbxf~Z nIqv|
10. ÔgnvhvÎvÕ-G †hvMi~p kãwU †Kvb A_© cÖKvk K‡i?
(K) gnvmgv‡ivn hvÎv (L) weivU AvKv‡i hvÎv (M) g„Zz¨hvÎv (N) RuvKRgKc~Y© hvÎv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡hvMi~p kã- mgvm wb®úbœ †h mKj kã m¤úY© fv‡e mgm¨gvb c`mg~‡ni AbyMvgx bv n‡q †Kv‡bv wewkó A_©
MÖnY K‡i, Zv‡ì †hvMi~p kã e‡j| †hgb-
c¼R : c‡¼ R‡b¥ hv (Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm)| •kevj, kvjyK, cÙdzj cÖf…wZ bvbvwea Dw™¢` c‡¼ R‡b¥ _v‡K| wKš‧
Ôc¼RÕ kãwU GKgvÎ ÔcÙdyjÕ A‡_©B eëüZ nq| ZvB c¼R GKwU †hvMi~p kã|
ivRcyZ : ÔivRvi cyÎÕ A_© cwiZ¨vM K‡i †hvMi~p kã wn‡m‡e A_© n‡q‡Q ÔRvwZ we‡klÕ|
gnvhvÎv : gnvmgv‡iv‡n hvÎv A_© cwiZ¨vM K‡i †hvMi~p kã iæ‡c A_© Ôg„Zz¨ / g„Zz¨hvÎvÕ |
Rjwa : ÔRj aviY K‡i GgbÕ A_© cwiZ¨vM K‡i GKgvÎ Ômgy`ªÕ A‡_©B eëüZ nq|
Av‡iv wKQz kã: ej`, Rj`, m‡ivR, Dw™¢`, APj, †eZvi, myü`, Avw`Z¨, Zzi½g, cvÄvwe BZ¨vw`|
11. Ô‡`vjbvÕ Gi cÖK…wZ cÖZ¨q †KvbwU?
(K) √†`vj& + bv (L) √`xj + Abv (M) √`yj& + Abv (N) √w`j + bv
Abv Abv ‡`vjbv = √`yj& + Abv ‡Ljbv = √†Lj& + Abv Kvu`bv = √Kvu`& + Abv
ivuabv = √ivua& + Abv Sibv = √Si& + Abv
12. msL¨vevPK eûeªxwn mgvm †KvbwU?
(K) PZzi½ (L) †Zgv_v (M) †P․iv¯Ív (N) †P․Pvjv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: msL¨vevPK eûeªxwn- †h eûeªxwn mgv‡mi mg¯Íc‡ì cÖ_‡g msL¨vevPK kã _vK‡e Ges mg¯Íc`wU we‡klY n‡e
Ges mg¯Íc‡ì †k‡l Av, B, C GB wZbwUi †h †Kv‡bv GKwU hy³ _vK‡e Zv‡K msL¨vevPK eûeªxwn mgvm e‡j| †hgb:
Pvi Pvj Av‡Q hvi = †P․Pvjv (Pvj+Av), `k MR cwigvY hvi = `kMwR (MR+B), Pvi nvZ hvi = PvinvwZ (nvZ+B)|
wZb cv Av‡Q hvi = †Zcvqv BZ¨vw`| Giƒc- cuvPfwi, cuvP‡mwi, `kfzRv, `keQz‡i, evinvwZ| e¨wZµg: †mZvi, †P․ev”Pv,
†P․KvV, `kvbb| G¸‡jv cÖ‡Z¨KwUi mg¯Íc` we‡kl¨c`| GLv‡b, PZzi½, †Zgv_v, †P․Pvjv (wØ¸ mgvm)|
13. Rvbvjv > Rvbjv-GwU wK‡mi D`vniY?
(K) mgxfeb (L) AmgxKiY (M) ¯îm½MwZ (N) m¤úªKl©
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: m¤úªKl©/¯î‡jvc- `ªæZ D”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ k‡ãi Avw`, AšÍ¨ ev gaëZ©x †Kv‡bv ¯îaŸwbi †jvc‡K ejv nq m¤úªKl©|
†hgb- emwZ > em&wZ, Rvbvjv > Rvb&jv, ev· > evK&†mv BZ¨vw`|
14. Ò‡h bvix exi mšÍvb cÖme K‡iÓ-GK K_vq Kx?
(K) eÜ¨v (L) exicÖm~ (M) KvKeÜ¨v (N) ÿYRb¥v
DËi: (L)|
e¨v¨L¨v: bvix w`‡q hZ GK K_vq cÖKvk Av‡Q-
 ‡h bvix wb‡R ei eiY K‡i †bq = ¯^qseiv|  ‡h bvix Rxe‡b GKgvÎ mšÍvb cÖme K‡i‡Q = KvKeÜ¨v
 ‡h bvixi we‡q nq bv (AvBeo A‡_©) = Ab~pv|  ‡h bvixi †Kv‡bv mšÍvb nq bv = eÜ¨v|
 ‡h bvixi m¤úªwZ we‡q n‡q‡Q = b‡evpv|  ‡h bvix wcÖq K_v e‡j = wcÖqse`v|
 ‡h bvixi Am~² (wnsmv) †bB = Abm~qv|  wcÖq evK¨ e‡j †h bvix = wcÖqfvlx|
 ‡h bvixi mšÍvb evu‡P bv = g„Zermv|  ‡h bvixi ¯^vgx I cyÎ g„Z = Aexiv|
 ‡h bvix KLb m~h©‡K †`‡L bvB = Am~h©¤úk¨v|  ‡h bvix exi = exi½bv|
 ‡h bvixi ¯^vgx we‡`‡k _v‡K = †cÖvwlZfZ…©Kv|  ‡h bvixi nvwm my›ì = myw¯§Zv|
 ‡h bvix Ab¨ KviI cÖwZ Avm³ nq bv= Abb¨v|  ‡h bvix exi mšÍvb cÖme K‡i = exicÖm~|
 ‡h bvix Ac‡ii Øviv cvwjZ = cifZ„©Kv|  ‡h bvixi nvwm KzwUjZv ewR©Z = ïwPw¯§Zv|
15. Ô‡k‡li KweZvÕ KweZv †Kvb ai‡bi MÖš’?
(K) Kve¨ (L) bvUK (M) Dcb¨vm (N) cÖeÜ
DËi: (M)|
e¨v¨L¨v: iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Dcb¨vmmg~n-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: gvjÂ1933 I PZzi½1916 `yB‡evb1933 †b․KvWzwei1906 Kvi‡Y †k‡li KweZv1929 nvwi‡q †d‡j‡Q ZvB
Zviv †e․-VvKzivbxi nv‡U1883 †h‡Z cv‡i wb e‡j evÜexi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z †M‡j evÜexi evev †Mviv1909 evey ej‡jv
†hvMv‡hvM1929 K‡i jvf bvB, ivRwl©1887 †Pv‡Li evwj1903 Dcb¨vmwUi Pvi Aa¨vq1934 †kl K‡i N‡ii evB‡i1916 hv‡e bv|
16. Ôcif…ZÕ Gi mgv_©K kã †KvbwU?
(K) wcK (L) †aby (M) wefe (N) A¤^y
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e- cif„Z gv‡b - ‡KvwKj ev wcK wKš‧ cif„r - KvK| Avevi ci‡K cÖwZcvjb K‡i †h Zv‡K
GK K_vq e‡j Ñ cifr (KvK)| GLv‡b, †aby - Mvwf; wefe - ab, m¤úwË, gnË¡, Hk¦l©; A¤^y - cvwb|
17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wbcvZ‡b wm× mwÜ?
(K) cÖ‡Z¨K (L) gvZ©Ð (M) ¯^í (N) Zš^x
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: wbcvZ‡b ev wbZ¨ ¯îmwÜ:
g‡b ivLe †h fv‡e: KzjUv bvixiv ‡cÖ․pRb I Ab¨vb¨‡ì m‡½ wb‡q Mev‡ÿ e‡m gvZ©ÐÕi w`‡K ZvwK‡q kviÁ evRv‡”Q|
Ab¨w`‡K ï‡×v`b M‡e›`ª‡K wb‡q •¯îvPvixfv‡e ‣¯^wiYx‡K A‡ÿ․wnYx mn‡hv‡M we‡¤^vô igbx‡K AcniY Ki‡Z hv‡”Q|
GLv‡b, KzjUv = Kzj + AUv; ‡cª․p = cÖ + Ep; Ab¨vb¨ = Ab¨ + Ab¨; Mevÿ = †Mv + Aÿ; gvZ©Ð = gvZ© + AÐ;
kvi½ = kvi + A½; ï‡×v`b = ï× + I`b; M‡e›`ª = †Mv + B›`ª; ‣¯î = ¯^ + Ci; ‣¯^wiYx = ¯^ + CwiYx; A‡ÿ․wnYx
= Aÿ + Ewnbx; we‡¤^vô = we¤^ + Iô| Ack‡b cÖ`Ë, cÖ‡Z¨K = cÖwZ + GK; ¯^í = my + Aí; Zš^x = Zby + C|
A_© msKjb: KzjUv(wbZ¨ ¯¿xevPK kã) - AmZx bvix; †cÖxp - cÖexY; Mevÿ - Rvbvjv, SiKv; gvZ©Ð - m~h©; ï‡×v`b - ey×‡`‡ei wcZv;
I`b - Abœ, fvZ; ‣¯î - †¯^”QvPvix, D”Q…•Lj; A‡ÿ․wnYx - wecyjmsL¨K Ak¦ n¯Íx I i_-mn †c․ivwYK cÖYvwj‡Z mgweó
•mbëvwnbx; we‡¤^vô - we¤^vai|
18. mvgxcëvPK me©bvg †Kvb¸‡jv?
(K) me, mKj, Zver (L) Giv, Bnviv, Bwb (M) wb‡R, †Lv`, Avcwb (N) †Kvb, †Kn, †KD
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: me©bv‡gi wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †kwYwefvM-
AvZ¥evPK - ¯^qs, wb‡R, †Lv`, Avcwb| mvgxcëvPK - G, GB, Giv, Bnviv, Bwb|
Awbw`©óZvÁvcK - ‡Kvb, †Kn, †KD, wKQz| ms‡hvMÁvcK - ‡h, whwb, hvuiv, hviv, hvnviv|
mvKzjëvPK - me, mKj, mgy`q, Zver| `~iZ¡evPK - H, Hme, me|
Ab¨vwèvPK - Ab¨, Aci, ci| e¨wZnvwiK - Avcbv Avcwb, wb‡R wb‡R, Avc‡m, ci¯úi|
19. we‡`wk DcmM©hy³ kã bq †KvbwU?
(K) eKjg (L) wbgwZZv (M) ni‡ivR (N) MinvwRi
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: PviwU Ack‡bi DcmM© h_vµ‡g e, wbg, ni Ges Mi hvi cÖ‡Z¨KwUB we‡`wk DcmM©| wKš‧ fv‡jv K‡i jÿ¨
Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e ÔLÕ Ack‡bi ÔwbgÕ kãwU DcmM© wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq wb KviY DcmM© ¯^vaxb A_©‡evaK k‡ãi c~‡e© e‡m
Av‡Mi A‡_©i cwieZ©b K‡i| Avi ÔwbgÕ hw` DcmM© wn‡m‡e e‡m Zvn‡j Zv ÔAvav ev KgÕ A_© cÖKvk K‡i| †hgb:
wbgivwR, wbgLyb BZ¨vw`| wKš‧ GLv‡b wbgwZZv kãwU Kg wZZv †evSvq bv, †evSvq wb‡gi g‡Zv wZZv| ZvB DËi (L)|
20. ‘Charter’ k‡ãi evsjv cwifvlv -
(K) weÁwß (L) mb` (M) fvl¨ (N) bw_cÎ
DËi: (L)| e¨vL¨v: weÁwß k‡ãi Bs‡iRx cwifvlv Circular; mb` - Charter; fvl¨ - Comment; bw_cÎ - File|
‡kl cÖni - 04
01. ÔwÎskÕ †Kvb †kÖYxi msL¨vevPK kã?
(K) MYbvevPK (L) AsKevPK (M) µgevPK (N) ZvwiLevPK
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: (k + s) _vK‡j Zv MYbvevPK kã n‡e| †hgb:- weks, wÎks| Avi (s + k) _vK‡j Zv µgevPK
kã n‡e| †hgb: wesk, wÎsk|
02. ‘Once bitten, twice shy’ -Gi mwVK A_© †KvbwU?
(K) b¨vov wK Kfz †ejZjv hvq (L) AwaK mbœ¨vmx‡Z MuvRb bó
(M) AwZ `‡c© nZ j¼v (N) `‡k wg‡j Kwi KvR, nvwi wRwZ bvwn jvR
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: b¨vov wK Kfz †ejZjv hvq - Once bitten, twice shy; AwZ `‡c© nZ j¼v - pride goes its fall; AwaK
mbœ¨vmx‡Z MuvRb bó - Too many cooks spoil the broth; `‡k wg‡j Kwi KvR, nvwi wRwZ bvwn jvR - Two
heads are better than one. myZivs mwVK DËi (K)|
03. wb¤œvew¯’Z m¤§yL ¯îaŸwb †KvbwU?
(K) A (L) Av (M) B (N) D
DËi: (M)| m¤§yL ‡K›`ªxq/ ga¨¯î cðvr
e¨vL¨v: ‡Pvqv‡ji Ae¯ v‡bi wfwË‡Z †g․wjK ¯î `yB B, C D, E mse„Z
cÖKvi| 1. mse„Z - †Pqvj Kg duvKv nq| 2. wee„Z
G I Aa© mse„Z
- †Pvqvj †ewk duvKv nq| Giv Avevi `y cÖKvi K‡i|
A¨v, G¨v A Aa© wee„Z
h_v: mse„Ë I Aa©-mse„Z Ges wee„Z I Aa©-wee„Z|
Av, n wee„Z
04. ‡g․wjK avZzi m‡½ ÔAvÕ cÖZ¨q †hv‡M †Kvb avZz MwVZ nq?
(K) ms‡hvMg~jK avZz (L) mvwaZ avZz (M) Kg©ev‡Pï avZz (N) Am¤ú~Y© avZz
 mvwaZ avZz: †g․wjK avZz ev †Kv‡bv bvg k‡ãi mv‡_ ÔAvÕ cÖZ¨q †hv‡M †h avZz MwVZ nq Zv‡K e‡j mvwaZ avZz|
†hgb:- †`L& + Av = †`Lv, co& + Av = cov; Ki& + Av = Kiv BZ¨vw`|
 bvg avZz: we‡kl¨, we‡klY Ges AbyKvi Ae¨‡qi c‡i ÔAvÕ cÖZ¨q †hv‡M †h bZzb avZz MwVZ nq Zv‡K bvg avZz e‡j|
†hgb:- Nyg (we‡kl¨) + Av = Nygv; agK (we‡klY) + Av = agKv|
 cÖ‡qvRK avZz: †g․wjK avZzi c‡i †cÖiYv‡_© ÔAvÕ cÖZ¨q †hv‡M †h bZzb avZz MwVZ nq Zv‡K cÖ‡hvRK avZz e‡j|
†hgb:- co& + Av = cov| (wkÿK QvÎ‡K covq)| cÖ‡qvRK avZzi Aci bvg wYRš‘ avZz|
05. ÔbeiZœÕ †Kvb mgvm?
(K) Kg©aviq (L) Zrcyiæl (M) wØ¸ (N) eûeªxwn
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: mgvnvi ev wgjb A‡_© msL¨vevPK k‡ãi mv‡_ we‡kl¨ c‡ì †h mgvm nq Zv‡K wØ¸ mgvm e‡j| wØ¸ mgv‡m
mgvmwb®úbœ c`wU we‡kl¨ nq Ges cÖ_‡g msL¨vevPK kã _v‡K| †hgb: wZb Kv‡ji mgvnvi = wÎKvj, †P․iv¯Ívi
mgvnvi = †P․iv¯Ív, wZb gv_vi mgvnvi = †Zgv_v| Giƒc, wÎc`x, wÎiZœ, PZz®ú`x, wÎfzR, wÎdjv, wÎfzeb, PZz`©kc`x,
kZevwl©Kx, †P․wPi, mßvn, kZvãx, beiZœ, `kPµ, †Z‡gvnbv BZ¨vw`|
06. wK‡mi †f‡` wµqvi iƒ‡c cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq?
(K) ePb‡f‡` (L) cyiæl‡f‡` (M) A_©‡f‡` (N) cÖ‡qvM‡f‡`
 cyiæl‡f‡` †f‡` wµqvi iƒ‡c cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq| ‡hgb: Avwg hvB| Zzwg hvI| Avcwb hvb| †m hvq|
 ePb‡f‡` wµqvi iƒ‡c †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ nq bv| †hgb: Avwg ev Avgiv hvB| Zzwg ev †Zvgiv hvI|
07. evK¨w¯’Z c`mgy‡ni A_©MZ Ges fveMZ wgj eÜ‡bi bvg Kx?
(K) †hvM¨Zv (L) AvmwË (M) AvKv•ÿv (N) c~Y©Zv
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: GKwU mv_©¨K ev‡Kï wZbwU ¸Y _v‡K| h_v:-
AvKv•ÿv: ev‡Kï A_© cwi®‥vi fv‡e †evSvi Rb¨ GK c‡ì ci Ab¨ c‡ì †kvbvi B”Qv‡KB AvKv•ÿv e‡j| †hgb: ÔP›`ª
c„w_exi Pviw`‡KÕ -ej‡j Gi c‡ii Ask †kvbvi B”Qv nq| wKš‧ P›`ª c„w_exi Pviw`‡K Ny‡i -ej‡j Zv‡Z AvKv•ÿvi
wbe„wË nq|
AvmwË: ev‡Kï A_© m½wZ iÿvi Rb¨ myk„•Lj c`web¨vm‡KB AvmwË e‡j| †hgb: Avwg Kwi cuvP Iqv³ †Póv covi
bvgvh| G evK¨wU ej‡j ev‡Kï A_© m¤ú~Y©fv‡e cÖKvwkZ nq bv| ZvB G‡K mvwR‡q ej‡Z n‡e- Avwg cuvP Iqv³ bvgvh
covi †Póv Kwi|
‡hvM¨Zv: evK¨w¯ Z c`mg~‡ni AšÍM©Z I fveMZ wgjeÜ‡bi bvg †hvM¨Zv| †hgb: el©vi †i․‡`ª cøveb m„wó nq- G fv‡e
ej‡j Zv fyj n‡e A_©vr ev‡Kï ‡hvM¨Zv nviv‡e| ZvB n‡e- el©vi e„wó‡Z cøveb m„wó nq|
08. ‡Kvb kãwU‡Z ¯^fveZB ÔYÕ n‡q‡Q?
(K) Kj¨vY (L) FY (M) KviY (N) nwiY
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: KZ¸‡jv k‡ã ¯^fveZB (Y) nq| Uvbv gyL¯’ K‡i †djyb-
PvYK¨ gvwYK¨ MY evwYR¨ jeY gY A_© msKjb: gvwYK¨ - iZœ; evwYR¨ - eëmvq; gwY - eûg~j¨ iZœ;
‡eYy exYv K¼Y KwYKv| exYv - UvKv w`‡q evRv‡bv nq Ggb mvZwU Zv‡ii ev`¨hš¿ we‡kl;
Kj¨vY †kvwYZ gwY ¯ vYy ¸Y cyY¨ †eYx wecYx/AvcY - †`vKvb; K¼Y - KvuKb ev ejq; KwYKv - ÿz`ª Ask;
dYx AYy wecYx MwYKv| Kj¨vY - ïf, g½j; KdwY - KbyB; ¸Y - ag©, ¯^fve, cÖK…wZ; wP°Y -
AvcY jveY¨ evYx wbcyY fwYZv cvwY wPKb, gm„Y; †M․Y - g~L¨ ev cÖavb bq Ggb; MwYKv - †h․YKgx©,
‡M․Y †KvY fvY gY kvY| evibvix; AYy - Clr, AwZÿz`ª; †kvwYZ - i³, †jvwnZ; ¯ vYy - wbðj,
wP°Y wb°Y Z~Y K‡dvwY ewYK ¸Y w¯ i; wb°Y - b~cyi exYv; wbcyY - `ÿ, cUz; cyY¨ - mrKg©; wcYvK -
MYbv wcYvK cY¨ evY| wk‡ei abyK; dYx - dYv aviY K‡i Ggb cÖvwY/mvc; Z~Y - evY
Av‡iv wKQz: KYv, KY, DrKzY, NyY, †kvY, kvY, GY| ivLvi cvÎ, evYvavi|
09. ÔcÖZ¨veZ©bÕ-Gi mwVK mwÜ we‡”Q` †KvbwU?
(K) cÖwZ + eZ©b (L) cÖwZ + AveZ©b (M) cÖZ¨v + eZ©b (N) cÖwZt + AveZ©b
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: h-djv (¨) / h _vK‡j Gi ¯’‡j B-Kvi (w) / C-Kvi (x) n‡e| †hgb:
BZ¨vw` = BwZ + Avw` cÖ‡Z¨K = cÖwZ + GK AZy¨w³ = AwZ + Dw³ cÖZ¨~ l = cÖwZ + El
AZ¨šÍ = AwZ + AšÍ Aay¨wlZ = Awa + DwlZ AZ¨waK = AwZ + AwaK cÖZ¨vkv = cÖwZ+ Avkv
e¨_© = we + A_© cÖZz¨cKvi= cÖwZ+ DcKvi AZ¨vðh© = AwZ + Avðvh© Aa¨qb= AwZ + Aqb
AMœy¨rcvZ = AwMœ + DrcvZ cÖZ¨n = cÖwZ + An h`¨wc = hw` + Awc ch©šÍ = cwi + AšÍ
RvZ¨wfgvb = RvwZ+Awfgvb Av`¨šÍ = Avw` + AšÍ Af¨šÍi = Awf + AšÍi AZ¨vPvi = AwZ+AvPvi
ch©v‡jvPbv = cwi+Av‡jvPbv b`¨¤^y = b`x = A¤^y Dchy©³ = Dcwi + D³ Dch©ycwi = Dcwi+Dcwi
cÖZz¨w³ = cÖwZ + Dw³ cÖZz¨Ëi = cÖwZ + DËi Afz¨Ìvb = Awf + DÌvb gm¨vavi = gmx + Avavi
10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Aa©-Zrmg kã?
(K) nvZ (L) Pvgvi (M) †QivÏ (N) M„wnYx
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: Aa©-Zrmg kã
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: wMbœx †QivÏ Gi †bgšÍbœ †c‡q †ivÏyi ev` w`‡q P›ì ivwËi †R¨vQbv‡Z Kzw”QZ †Mivg G hv‡e| Zv
ï‡b ‡K‡óv iZb Avi †evóg ejj mwZ¨!! GRb¨ Zviv †Pv‡L †mvbv †`L‡Z jvMj| Zviv hZb K‡i †jvnv w`‡q euvav Mvavi
nuvm Avi QvZv †i‡L wb‡Ri wL‡` mv‡_ wb‡q †bgšÍbœ †L‡Z Pjj|
Av‡iv wKQz kã: wewó, civb, myiæR, P¤§Avi, nÌ, e”Q, A¾, K¾, Ni, P°, `yqvi, en~, wg”Qv, fË, mÅv BZ¨vw`|
11. Ôe¨vKiYÕ k‡ãi ey¨rcwËMZ A_© Kx?
(K) we‡klfv‡e wefvRb (L) we‡klfv‡e we‡kølY (M) we‡klfv‡e we‡qvRb (N) we‡klfv‡e ms‡hvRb
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: e¨vKiY k‡ãi A_© `yB ai‡bi| h_v: ey¨rcwËMZ A_© - we‡klfv‡e we‡kølY|
eënvwiK ev mwVK ev cÖK…Z A_© - fvlv cªK…wZ I cÖ‡qvMixwZ Av‡jvPbv I e¨vL¨v|
12. Ò‡_‡K †_‡K wkïwU Kuv`‡Q|Ó-GLv‡b Ô‡_‡K †_‡KÕ wØiæ³ kãwU Kx A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Q?
(K) mZK©Zv (L) fv‡ei cÖMvpZv (M) Kv‡ji we¯Ívi (N) AvwaK¨
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: wewkóv_©K evMavivq wØiæ³ k‡ãi cÖ‡qvM-
‡Q‡jwU‡K †Pv‡L †Pv‡L †i‡Lv (mZK©Zv)| ‡_‡K †_‡K wkïwU Kvu`‡Q (Kv‡ji we¯Ívi)|
fzj¸‡jv ZyB Avb‡i evQv evQv (fv‡ei cÖMvpZv)| ‡jvKUv nv‡o nv‡o kqZvb (AvwaK¨)|
13. Ôki‡Zi ci Av‡m ‡ngšÍÕ- GLv‡b ÔciÕ AbymM©wU Kx A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Q?
(K) avivevwnKZv (L) `xN© weiwZ (M) ¯^íweiwZ (N) ch©šÍ
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Abym‡M©i cÖ‡qvM part:01- (cvU©-02) Ô‡kl cÖni Ñ 08Õ Gi 18bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v †`Lyb|
AbymM© A_© D`vniY
mwnZ mgm~‡Î kÎæi mwnZ mwÜ PvB bv|
ci `xN© weiwZ ki‡Zi ci Av‡m emšÍ| wKš‘ ki‡Zi ci Av‡m †ngšÍ| (avivevwnKZv)|
Aewa ch©šÍ mÜ¨v Aewa A‡cÿv Kie|
gv‡S g‡a¨ mxgvi gv‡S Amxg Zzwg|
gv‡S GK‡`wkK G †`‡ki gv‡S GKw`b me wQj|
gvSv‡i e¨vwß AvQ Zywg cÖfy, RMr gvSv‡i|
‡nZz wbwgË wK †nZz G‡mQ Zzwg, Kn we¯Íwiqv|
Z‡i gZ G R‡b¥i Z‡i we`vq wbjvg| ‡Zvgvi Z‡i G‡bwQ gvjv Muvw_qv|
14. we‡`ªvnx Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g Dcb¨v‡mi bvg Kx?
(K) g„Zz¨ÿzav (L) we‡³i †e`b (M) Kz‡nwjKv (N) euvab nviv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi Dcb¨vmmg~n- Kz‡nwjKv1931 g„Zz¨ÿzavq1930 euvabnviv1927 (1g Dcb¨vm)|
A_© msKjb: Kz‡nwjKv - Kzqvkv, KzÀwUKv (mwÜ-Kzr+SwUKv)|
15. ÒwkKvix weovj †Muv‡d †Pbv hvq|Ó-GLv‡b Ô‡Muv‡dÕ †Kvb KviK?
(K) Kg©KviK (L) Acv`vb KviK (M) KiY KviK (N) AwaKiY KviK
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: wµqvc`‡K ÔwK w`‡q/ wK‡mi Øviv/ wK Dcv‡qÕ †hvM K‡i cÖkœ Ki‡j †h DËi cvIqv hvq ZvB KiY KviK| †hgb:
wcÖqv Kjg w`‡q †j‡L (wK w`‡q? = Kjg w`‡q); †Póvq me nq (wK‡mi Øviv? = †Póvi Øviv); RM‡Z KxwZ©gvb nI
mvabvq (wK Dcv‡q? = mvabv K‡i)| KiY Kvi‡K wewfbœ wefw³i eënvi-
(K) cÖ_gv ev k~b¨ ev A wefw³ : QvÎiv ej †L‡j| (AKg©K wµqvq)
WvKv‡Ziv M„n¯^vgxi gv_vq jvwV †g‡i‡Q| (mKg©K wµqvq)
(L) Z…Zxqv ev Øviv wefw³ : jv½j Øviv Rwg Pvl Kiv nq|
w`qv wefw³ : gb w`qv Ki m‡e we`¨v DcvR©b|
(M) mßgx wefw³ ev G wefw³ : dz‡j dz‡j Ni f‡i‡Q| wkKvwi weovj †Muv‡d †Pbv hvq|
‡Z wefw³ : ÔGZ kVZv, GZ †h e¨_v, Zey ‡hb Zv gay‡Z gvLv|Õ-bRiæj|
†jvKUv RvwZ‡Z •eòe|
q wefw³ : †Póvq me nq| G myZvq Kvco nq bv|
16. Ôwen½Õ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
(K) ce©Z (L) b`x (M) cvwL (N) mgy`ª
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: cvwL k‡ãi mgv_©K kã- cÿx, wenM, wen½, wen½g, LM, †LPi, kKyšÍ, wØR, cZÎx, AÐR|
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: wZb fvB wenM, wen½ I wen½g cÖwZ‡ekx cZÎx, wØR I AÐR‡K weL¨vZ `yB LM I †LPi‡K
†`Lv‡Z cÿxmn e‡b wb‡q †Mj|
17. ‡KvbwU e¨Äb weK…wZi D`vniY?
(K) dv¸b (L) m°vj (M) †avcv (N) kixj
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: e¨Äb weK…wZ- kã-ga¨ †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mgq †Kv‡bv e¨Äb cwiewZ©Z n‡q bZzb e¨ÄbaŸwb eëüZ nq| G‡K e‡j
e¨Äb weK…wZ| †hgb- KevU > KcvU, †avev > †avcv, avBgv > `vBgv, †jey > †bey, Avcv > Avdv BZ¨vw`|
18. ÔAvgvi ìLv¯ÍUv co–bÕ-Kx A‡_© AbyÁv eënvi n‡q‡Q?
(K) cÖv_©bv (L) Aby‡iva (M) Av‡`k (N) Dc‡`k
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: AbyÁvi wKQz eënvi-
eZ©gvb Kv‡ji AbyÁv: fwel¨r Kv‡ji AbyÁv:
Av‡`k KvRwU K‡i †dj, †Zvgiv GLb hvI| Av‡`k m`v mZ¨ K_v ej‡e|
Dc‡`k mZ¨ K_v †Mvcb K‡iv bv| m¤¢vebv ‡Póv Ki, meB eyS‡Z cvi‡e|
ÔcvwZm †b wkjvZ‡j cÙcvZvÕ| Awfkvc gi, cvwcô|
Aby‡iva A¼Uv eywS‡q `vI bv| Aby‡iva Kvj GKevi G‡mv|
cÖv_©bv Avgvi ìLv¯ÍUv co–b| weavb A‡_© ‡ivM n‡j Ilya Lv‡e|
19. wb‡Pi kã¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †KvbwU iƒwp kã?
(K) nwiY (L) Rj` (M) DRvb (N) gvbbxq
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: iƒp kã m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvb‡Z †`Lyb Ô‡kl cÖni - 07Õ Gi 10bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v|
iƒwp kã¸‡jv g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: DReyK cÖexY cvÄvwe c‡i †i․‡`ª e‡m evuwk‡Z •Zj jvMvq Avi n¯Íx wbqv M‡elYv K‡i
I m‡›`k Lvq| Gw`‡K k¦ïi gnvR‡bi Kzkj Rvb‡Z KvšÍvi cwZ †g․bx cÖwZK~j gbšÍi m‡Ë¡I k¦ïievwoi nvfv‡Z cwiev‡i
nwi‡Yi gvsm LvIqvi Rb¨ wb‡R‡K ivLv‡ji gZ Dc¯ vcb K‡i| G‡Z Zviv Mev‡ÿi gZ Awÿ K‡i weiw³ I wØav ‡eva
K‡i| Avevi †g․bx‡K m‡›`n K‡i Zvi m¤^Üx cjvk iv‡Rï mKj f…Z¨‡K H e¨w³i K_v e‡j w`‡q‡Q|
A_© msKjb: iƒp(iæn& + Z) - KK©k, iæÿ, K‡Vvi, AwcÖq; DReyK - Avnv¤§yK, †evKv, wb‡ev©a; cÖexY - e„×, AwfÁ, eû`k©x; n¯Íx -
nvwZ; m‡›`k - msev`, Lei; Kzkj - g½j, Kj¨vY; KvšÍv - cZœx, wcÖqv; †g․bx - wbe©vK; nvfv‡Z - fv‡Zi Afve (Ae¨qxfve mgvm);
nwiY(ü + Bb); Mevÿ - Rvbvjv; cjvk - dzj; wKsïK - e„wËfz³, PvKi|
20. ÔD³Õ k‡ãi cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q †KvbwU?
(K) √DK& + ³ (L) √eP& + Z (M) √eP& + ³ (N) √Dw³ + Z
MZ = √Mg& + ³ D³ = √eP& + ³ m„ó = √m„R& + ³
`„ó = √`„k& + ³ gy³ = √gyP + ³ kÖæZ = √kÖæ + ³
`, ³, ó, ×, Z ³ e„× = √e„a + ³ Dß = √ec& + ³ nZ = √nb& + ³
hy× = √hya& + ³ wQbœ = √wQ`& +³ MÖwš Z = √MÖš&  + ³
gy» = √gyn& + ³ wm³ = √wmP&/wmK + ³
‡kl cÖni - 05
01. Ôwek¦we`¨vjqÕ -kãwU KqwU Aÿ‡ii mgš^‡q MwVZ?
(K) 2 wU (L) 3 wU (M) 4 wU (N) 5 wU
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: Aÿi wbY©q-
Avgiv kã‡K cÖ_‡g SMS Gi fvlvq †hfv‡e ‡jwL †mfv‡e wj‡L †dj‡Z n‡e A_©vr wek¦we`¨vjq =
BISSHOBIDDALOY| Gevi †`L‡Z n‡e Gi g‡a¨ Vowel KqwU? kãwU‡Z †h KqwU vowel _vK‡e †m KqwU Aÿi
n‡e| Z‡e cvkvcvwk hw` GKvwaK Vowel _v‡K Zvn‡j Zv Aÿi wn‡m‡e GKwU Count n‡e| †hgb:
BISSHOBIDDALOY kãwU‡Z 5wU vowel Av‡Q| myZivs GLv‡b 5wU Aÿi Av‡Q| Giƒc Rj (JOL) k‡ã 1 Aÿi,
†Mvjvc (GOLAP) k‡ã 2 Aÿi, dvg©‡MU (FARMGET) k‡ã 2 Aÿi, fvB (Vai) k‡ã 1 Aÿi Av‡Q|
02. ‡Kvb evbvbwU ï×?
(K) a~wjmvr (L) fzwgmvr (M) gvóvi (N) DrK…ó
 k‡ãi †k‡l ÒmvrÓ cÖZ¨qhy³ _vK‡j memgq ÔmÕ nq| †hgb:- AwMœmvr, a~wjmvr, f~wgmvr, AvZ¥mvr BZ¨vw`|
 we‡`wk fvlvq KL‡bv l, Y nq bv, nq m, b| ‡hgb: KvÛvwi, ‡i÷z‡i›U, KziAvb, gv÷vi, ‡cv÷gv÷vi, Wv÷vi,
†÷kb, d‡Uv÷¨vU, ‡÷vwWI, K‡b©j, gWvb©, dvwb©Pvi, ciMbv, KziAvb, †Kivwb, Kzievwb BZ¨vw`|
03. ÔexYvcvwYÕ †Kvb mgvm?
(K) Kg©aviq (L) Zrcyiæl (M) Ø›Ø (N) eûeªxwn
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: eûeªxwn mgvm-
cxZv¤î I bxjv¤î `yB fvB| cxZv¤î mykxj Ges gnvZ¥v| Ab¨w`‡K m‡nvì bxjv¤î GK‡ivLv, GK¸u‡q UvB‡ci †eKvi
‡Q‡j| GKw`b mykÖx-wekvjvÿxi b¨vq weovjvÿx bvg Zvi bxj bqbv, Zv‡K †`Lvi ci †m †eZvj n‡q †eûuk n‡q hvq|
AZtci Zv‡ì †cÖg n‡q hvq Ges Zvi fvB cxZv¤î‡K Rvbv‡j †m Agvb¨ K‡i d‡j Zviv cvwj‡q hvq| †h‡nZz b`xgvZ„K
†`k †m‡nZz Zviv ¯^”Qmwjjvq †b․Kvq nv‡Z Lwo wbLi‡P Mv‡q njy` K‡i GKN‡i _v‡K| ciw`b bxj bqbv ¯œvb Ki‡Z
†M‡j Zvi cÙbvf-EY©bv‡f(gvKomv) Avkxwel(mvc) KvUv‡Z K_vme¯^© nvwi‡q hvq A_©vr gviv hvq| wecZ¥xK-wbiæcvq n‡q
GKw`b †eZv‡i †mZvi Gi †KvwKj KÉx †g‡qi Mvb ïb‡Q bvg Zvi bxjKÉ exYvcvwYi cyRv K‡i| AZtci Avevi Zvi
mv‡_ †cÖg n‡q hvq Ges Avevi †m D”Pwki-†envqvÕi gZ Zv‡K wb‡q wb‡LuvR n‡q hvq|
e¨vmevK¨ Ki‡eb †hfv‡e: eûeªxwn mgv‡mi e¨vmevK¨ Kivi mnR Dcvq n‡”Q GK K_vq cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡e †k‡l hvi/ whwb
w`‡q| †hgb:- wekvjvÿx = wekvj Awÿ Av‡Q hvi; mykÖx = my (my›ì) kÖx hvi|
A_© msKjb: cxZv¤î - cxZ e¯¿avix kÖxK…ò; A¤î - AvKvk; kxj - ¯^fve ev PwiÎ; kÖx - my›ì, Hk¦h©; Awÿ - †PvL; mwjj - Rj;
EY©bvf - gvKomv; Avkx - ùvZ; wecZœxK - g„Z`vi, cZœx gviv †M‡Q Ggb; exYvcvwb - †èx mi¯^Zx; cvwY - nvZ; wki - gv_v, P~ov|
04. ‡Kvb ev‡K¨ wµqvc` Dn¨ Av‡Q?
(K) w`b hvq, K_v _v‡K (L) Bwb Avgvi fvB (M) cv‡qi Zjvq big †VKj Kx (N) Rw½‡ì iæ‡L †è
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Aby³ wµqvc`- wµqv Qvov evK¨ MVb nq bv| Z‡e KL‡bv KL‡bv ev‡K¨ wµqvc` Dn¨ ev Aby³ _vK‡Z cv‡i|
‡hgb- Bwb Avgvi fvB (nb)| AvR cÖPÐ Mig (Abyf~wZ nq)| †Zvgvi gv †Kgb? (Av‡Qb)|
jÿYxq: mvaviYZ Ôn&Õ Ges ÔAvQ&Õ avZz wµqvc` Dn¨ _v‡K|
05. ÔZvgvi welÕ-evMavivwUi A_© Kx?
(K) A‡_©i KzcfÖ ve (L) A‡_©i AnsKvi (M) mvgvb¨ A_© (N) bM` DcvR©b
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Zvgvi wel - A‡_©i KzcfÖ ve; KvuPv cqmv - bM` DcvR©b; DobPÐx - AwgZe¨qx; Pvu‡ì nvU- Avbv‡›ì cÖvPzh©;
Pÿy`vb Kiv - Pzwi Kiv; GK ÿz‡i gv_v gyov‡bv - G‡KB ¯^fv‡ei|
06. ÔwØZxq †jvKwU‡K WvKÕ-G ev‡K¨ ÔwØZxqÕ †Kvb ai‡bi msL¨v?
(K) µgevPK (L) ZvwiLevPK (M) MYbvevPK (N) A¼evPK
A¼/msL¨v MYbvevPK c~iY/µgevPK ZvwiLevPK A¼/msL¨v MYbvevPK c~iY/µgevPK ZvwiLevPK
1 GK cÖ_g c‡njv 9 bq beg bDB
2 `yB wØZxq †`vmiv 10 `k `kg `kB
3 wZb Z…Zxq ‡Zmiv 19 Dwbk Ebwesk Dwb‡k
4 Pvi PZz_© ‡P․Vv 20 wek/Kzwo wesk we‡k
5 cuvP cÂg cuvPvB 21 GKzk GKwesk GKz‡k
07. ‡Kvb ev‡P¨ wµqvc` me©`vB KZ©vi Abymvix nq?
(K) KZ…©evP¨ (L) Kg©ev‡P¨ (M) fveev‡P¨ (N) Kg©KZ©„ev‡P¨
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: evP¨ cÖavbZ 3 cÖKvi (KZ©„evP¨, Kg©evP¨ I fveevP¨)| KZ…©ev‡P¨ wµqv KZ©vi Abymvix nq| Kg©ev‡P¨ wµqv K‡g©i
Abymvix nq| fveev‡P¨ evP¨ wµqvi A_© we‡klfv‡e e¨³ nq|
08. wb‡Pi †Kvb evK¨wU Ae¨‡qi we‡klY?
(K) ax‡i ax‡i evqy eq (L) G e¨vcv‡i †m AwZkq `ytwLZ
(M) waK& Zv‡i, kZ waK& wbj©¾ †h Rb (N) i‡KU AwZ `ªæZ P‡j
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Ae¨‡qi we‡klY: ‡h fve-we‡klY Ae¨q c` A_ev Ae¨q c‡ì A_©‡K we‡kwlZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zv‡K Ae¨‡qi
we‡klY e‡j| h_v: waK& Zv‡i, kZ waK& wbj©¾ †h Rb|
09. ‘Obituary’ - cvwifvwlK kãwUi evsjv A_© Kx?
(K) Qvqvwjwc (L) Abywjwc (M) cÖwZwjwc (N) †kvKwjwc
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Photocopy A_© Qvqvwjwc; True copy - Abywjwc; Rough copy - cÖwZwjwc; Obitury - †kvKvwjwc|
10. ÔKzwoÕ †Kvb †kÖwYi kã?
(K) Zrmg (L) Z™¢e (M) †`wk (N) we‡`wk
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: ‡`wk kã-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: Wve Gi gZ KwP, eqm Zvi Kzwo, WvMi WvMi †PvLIqvjv, j¤^v Pz‡ji †Lvucv Iqvjv, bv‡K b_ civ
GKUv †LgUvIqvjx ‡g‡q‡K ‡Uvci gv_vq aywZ c‡i wSbyK-gy³vi gvjv mv‡_ wb‡q †Xvj evRv‡Z evRv‡Z cvj †Zvjv wWwO
†b․Kvq P‡o LywKi eo fvB RvgvB we‡q Ki‡Z Avm‡Q M‡Ä|
GB Lei †c‡q †XuwK w`‡q avb †f‡b Kzjv w`‡q †S‡o Lo w`‡q Pzjv R¡vwj‡q nuvwo‡Z K‡i gywo Avi wcVv fvRv n‡”Q| Avi
euwU w`‡q U¨vsiv gvQ †K‡U ivbœv Kiv n‡”Q RvgvB‡qi †cU fiv‡bvi Rb¨|
we‡qi Kzwo w`‡bi gv_vq RvgvB †Mj nv‡U-Avb‡Z UK, †ZuZzj Avi RjcvB| evmvq wd‡i †`‡L †NvgUv †d‡j SvD Mv‡Qi
cv‡k ‣Zwi gvPv †_‡K gB w`‡q †b‡g jvwV nv‡Z SvuUv wb‡q gv‡V `vwo‡q Av‡Q Avgv‡ì Kqjvi gZ my›ìx fvex|
Kzwo eQi ci GKw`b Pv½v n‡q Rviæj Kv‡Vi ‣Zwi †Pv½vi Dci e‡m wSOv-jvD w`‡q wPswoi †Svj Lv‡”Q Avgv‡ì
RvgvB| Avi cv‡kB Nyywo Iov‡bv †d‡j wWMevwR †L‡Z †L‡Z Zv‡K Kvg‡o e‡m Av‡Q †gvUv Kv‡jv UvK cov evbiÕi gZ
wgwó `ywU QvI|
evbvb: g‡b ivL‡eb- Dwbk, DbwÎk, DbPwjøk, DbcÂvk, DblvU, DbmËi, DbAvwk, DbbeŸB evbvb¸‡jv AvaywbK evsjv
Awfavb Abyhvqx D-Kvi w`‡q ïiæ n‡e| cÖPwjZ eB¸‡jv‡Z E-Kvi †Ìqv hv fzj n‡e|
11. ePbevPK kãwUi Av‡M e‡m †KvbwU?
(K) †MvUv (L) Lvbv (M) Lvwb (N) Uv
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Ô‡MvUvÕ ePbevPK k‡ãi Av‡M e‡m Ges me©`v Awbw`©ó cÖKvk K‡i| Lvbv, Lvwb, Uv, wU, †KZv, Zv, cvwU, UzKz,
UzKzb, UvK BZ¨vw` c‡i e‡m|
12. we‡kl wbq‡g mvwaZ mwÜ †KvbwU?
(K) Mevw` (L) DÌvcb (M) GKv`k (N) eb¯úwZ
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: we‡kl wbq‡g mvwaZ e¨Äb mwÜ: ms¯‥vi cwi®‥v‡ii DÌvb Pj‡Q|
01. ms¯‥vi = mg& + Kvi 04. cwi®‥vi = cwi + Kvi 06. DÌvb = Dr + ¯ vb
02. ms¯‥…Z = mg& + K…Z 05. cwi®‥…Z = cwi + K…Z 07. DÌvcb = Dr + ¯ vcb
03. ms¯‥…wZ = mg& + K…wZ 08. DÌvwcZ = Dr + ¯ vwcZ
13. ‡KvbwU we‡`wk ¯¿xevPK kã bq?
(K) Lvbg (L) †Rbvbv (M) wkÿwqÎx (N) gv‡jKv
DËi: (M)|
e¨v¨L¨v: we‡`kx ¯¿xevPK kã: Lvb-Lvbg, gi`-‡Rbvbv, ev`kv-‡eMg, g`©v-gv`x, Kzwj-Kvwgb, ‡Mvjvg-ev`x, gv‡jK-
gv‡jKv, gynZvwig-gynZvwigv, myjZvb-myjZvbv BZ¨vwZ|
wKQz cyyiælevPK k‡ãi `ywU K‡i ¯¿xevPK iƒc: `v`v - w`w` I eDw`; †èi - bb` I Rv; fvB - †evb I fvex; wkÿK -
wkÿwqÎx I wkÿKcZœx; eÜz - evÜex I eÜcZœx|
14. lvU eQi c~Y© nIqvi Drme‡K GK K_vq e‡j:
(K) nxiK RqšÍx (L) meY© RqšÍx (M) iRZ RqšÍx (N) cøvwUbvg RqšÍx
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: eQi c~wZ© msµvšÍ GK K_vq cÖKvk- lvU eQi c~wZ©‡Z nq - nxiK RqšÍx|
R‡qi Rb¨ Drme - RqšÍx| cuPvËi eQi c~wZ©‡Z nq - cøvwUbvg RqšÍx|
cuwPk eQi c~wZ©‡Z nq - iRZ RqšÍx| GKkZ eQi c~wZ©‡Z nq - kZel© c~wZ© Drme|
cÂvk eQi c~wZ©‡Z nq - myeY© RqšÍx| GKkZ cÂvk eQi c~wZ©‡Z nq - mva©kZel© c~wZ© Drme|
15. ew¼gP›`ª iwPZ cÖ_g Kve¨M‡š’i bvg Kx?
(K) KcvjKzÐjv (L) `y‡M©kbw›`bx (M) jwjZv Z_v gvbm (N) mvg¨
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨v‡hi-
1g Dcb¨vm - Rajmohon’s Wife (1864) 1g Kve¨MÖš  - jwjZv Z_v gvbm (1856)
2q Dcb¨vm - `y‡M©kbw›`bx (1865) [evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ 1g] me©‡kl Dcb¨vm - mxZvivg (1887)
3q Dcb¨vm - KcvjKzÐjv (1866) [evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ 2q] m¤úvw`Z cwÎKv - e½`k©b (1872)
16. ‡Kvb ¸‡”Qi me¸‡jv avZz ÔweMovÕ Avw`M‡Yi AšÍfz©³?
(K) ‡kvqv (L) `ygov (M) wmUKv (N) ‡KuvPKv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: avZzi MY wVK Ki‡Z jÿ¨ ivL‡Z nq = 2wU wel‡qi cÖwZ| h_v:-
1. avZzwU KqwU Aÿ‡i MwVZ?
2. avZzi cÖ_g e‡Y© mshy³ ¯îeY©wU wK?
1g wbqg Abyhvqx ÔKÕ Ackb ev‡` evwKme DËi nq| Z‡e 2q wbqg Abyhvqx mwVK DËi ‡ei Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡kœi avZz‡Z
†h ¯îeY© Av‡Q †mB ¯îeY©¸‡jvi mv‡_ †h Ack‡bi ¯îeY©¸‡jvi wgj Av‡Q Zv †ei Ki‡Z n‡e| e¨Äbe‡Y©i wgj bv
_vK‡jI Pj‡e| GB wbqg Abymv‡i mwVK DËi ÔMÕ A_©vr wmUKv|
17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Dcv`vbevPK bvg we‡klY?
(K) cÖ_gv Kb¨v (L) ZvRv gvQ (M) bxj AvKvk (N) cv_y‡i g~wZ©
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: bvg we‡kl‡Yi cÖKvi‡f`:
1. ¸YevPK -†P․Km †jvK, `ÿ KvwiMi, VvÐv nvIqv|
2. iæcevPK -bxj AvKvk, Kv‡jv †gN, meyR gvV|
3. Ae¯ vevPK -ZvRv gvQ, †ivMv †Q‡j, †Luvov cv|
4. msL¨vevPK -nvRvi †jvK, `k `kv, k UvKv|
5. µgevPK -`kg †kÖwY, mËi c„ôv, cÖ_g Kb¨v|
6. cwigvYevPK -weNv‡UK Rwg, nvRvi Ubx RvnvR, GK †KwR Pvj, cuvP kZvsk f~wg|
7. AskevPK -A‡a©K m¤úwË, †lvj Avbv `Lj, wmwK c_|
8. Dcv`vbevPK -†e‡j gvwU, †g‡U Kjwm, cv_y‡i g~wZ©|
9. wbw`©óZvÁvcK -GB †jvK, †mB †Q‡j, QvweŸ‡k gvP©|
18. ¯îe‡Y©i c~Y© iƒc KqwU?
(K) mvZwU (L) bqwU (M) `kwU (N) GMv‡ivwU
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: †gvU ¯îe‡Y©i g‡a¨ mswÿß iƒc ev Kvi ev ¯îwPý Av‡Q - 10 wUi| ‡bB 1 wUi - A ¯îe‡Y©i mswÿß iƒc †bB|
ZvB ÔAÕ †K ejv nq jxb, wbjxb ev wejxb eY© ejv nq| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e c~Y© iƒc Av‡Q - 11 wUi|
¯îeY© Kvi/ wPý¯î cwiwPwZg~jK/ bvg ¯îeY© Kvi/ wPý¯î cwiwPwZg~jK/ bvg
A ‡Kvb Kvi †bB ‡bB F „ F-Kvi
Av v Av Kvi G ‡ G-Kvi
B w n«¯^ B Kvi H ‣ H-Kvi
C x `xN© C Kvi I ‡v I-Kvi
D y n«¯^-D-Kvi H †․ J- Kvi
E ~ `xN©-D-Kvi
19. wµqv cÖK…wZi mv‡_ †Kvb cÖZ¨q hy³ nq?
(K) evsjv cÖZ¨q (L) ms¯‥…Z cÖZ¨q (M) Zw×Z cÖZ¨q (N) K…r cÖZ¨q
 K…r cÖZ¨q: GwU wµqvi g~‡ji ev avZzi mv‡_ hy³ nq| K…r cÖZ¨q mvwaZ c`wU‡K ejv nq K…`šÍ c`|
 Zw×Z cÖZ¨q: GwU kãg~‡ji mv‡_ hy³ nq| Zw×Z cÖZ¨q mvwaZ c`wU‡K ejv nq Zw×ZvšÍ c`|
20. KZ©„ev‡Pï K‡g© †Kvb wefw³ nq?
(K) wØZxq, 6ôx, k~b¨ (L) 3qv, k~b¨ (N) wØZxqv, 6ôx, Z…Zxqv (N) wØZxqv, 6ôx
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ev‡P¨ wefw³i eënvi-
01. KZ©„evP¨: KZ©vq k~b¨ wefw³ nq Ges K‡g© 2qv, 6ôx, k~b¨ wefw³ nq|
02. Kg©evP¨: KZ©vq 3qv wefw³ nq Ges K‡g© cÖ_gv ev k~b¨ wefw³ nq|
03. fveevP¨: KZ©vq wØZxqv, 6ôx, Z…Zxqv wefw³ nq|
evP¨ 3 cÖKvi KZ©v (wefw³) Kg© (wefw³)
01. KZ©„evP¨ k~b¨ 2qv, 6ôx, k~b¨ (m~Î- 260)
02. Kg©evP¨ 3qv k~b¨
03. fveevP¨ 2qv, 6ôx, 3qv (m~Î- 263) ‡bB
‡kl cÖni - 06
01. ÔP›`ªÕ †Kvb k‡ãi D`vniY?
(K) Zrmg (L) Z™¢e (M) Aa© Zrmg (N) †`wk
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: Zrmg kã-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: hw` †Kvb k‡ã (Y, l, F, ÿ, ò, ², C, E, (x), ( ~), ( „) _v‡K‡jB Zv 100% Zrmg/ ms¯‥…Z kã
(Z‡e †cvlv, †evóg, †Kó, wLªó, wLªóxq, wLªóc~e©, wLªóvã, wLªóvb Zrmg kã bq)| ‡hgb- P›`ª, m~h©, bÿÎ, e„ÿ, Awÿ, ÿz`ª,
Aó, eÜ¨v, m~Îai, f~¯^vgx BZ¨vw`| †UKwb‡Ki e¨wZµg: jZv, feb, wb`vN, Avfvm, wkLi, Zby, Avmb|
‡UKwb‡Ki evB‡ii Zrmg kã¸‡jv g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: a‡g©i cvÎ-cÎ I cÂgZjv feb wewkó †`‡L Kb¨v n¯ÍMZ
Ki‡j P›`ª, MÖ‡ni b¨vq g¯ÍK D¾¡j n‡e|
02. ANv, AR, Abv- ‡Kvb DcmM©?
(K) Aviwe DcmM© (L) evsjv DcmM© (M) divwm DcmM© (N) ms¯‥…Z DcmM©
evsjv DcmM© = 21 wU| h_v: Zrmg DcmM© = 20wU| h_v:
TechniQue: A ANv AR Abv cÖ civ Ac mg wb
gvZ„fvlv wèm 21†k †deªæqvix Av Avo Avb Ave Aby Ae wbi `yi we
Ges evsjv DcmM© 21 wU| Gfv‡e BwZ Eb K` Kz Dc Dr my cwi cÖwZ
g‡b ivL‡Z cv‡ib| wb mv cvwZ we fi Av Awc Awf Awa AwZ|
m ivg my nv|
03. ÔF, i, l Gi ci g~a©b¨ Y nqÕ-GB wbq‡gi D`vniY †KvbwU?
(K) Dò (L) K…cY (M) nwiY (N) Ac©Y
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: F, i, l - Gi c‡i (Y) nq| ‡hgb- FY, Fwl, Z…Y, KviY, giY, aviY, aviYv, KiY, fxlY, fvlY, mvaviY,
e¨vKiY, Dò, K…ò BZ¨vw`|
04. Wv³vi WvK-ÔWv³viÕ †Kvb Kvi‡K †Kvb wefw³?
(K) KZ©vq cÖ_gv (L) K‡g© cÖ_gv (M) K‡g© lôx (N) Ki‡Y lôx
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: wµqvc`‡K ÒwK ev Kv‡KÓ †hvM K‡i cÖkœ Ki‡j †h DËi cvIqv hvq ZvB Kg© KviK| †hgb: †LvKv eB c‡o (wK
c‡o? = eB); †Q‡jwU‡K weQvbvq †kvqvI (Kv‡K †kvqvI? = †Q‡jwU‡K)| Kg©Kvi‡K wewfbœ wefw³i eënvi-
(K) cÖ_gv ev k~b¨ ev A wefw³ : Wv³vi WvK| Avgv‡K GK Lvbv eB `vI| (wØKg©K wµqvi gyL¨ K‡g©)
iex›`ªbv_ cojvg, bRiæj cojvg, Gi myivnv Luy‡R †cjvg bv|
(MÖš  A‡_© wewkó MÖš Kvi cÖ‡qv‡M)
(L) wØZxqv ev †K wefw³ : Zv‡K ej|
‡i wefw³ : Avgv‡i Zzwg Kwi‡e ÎvY, G b‡n †gvi cÖv_©bv|Õ
(M) lôx ev i wefw³ : †Zvgvi †`Lv †cjvg bv|
(N) mßgxi G wefw³ : ÔwRÁvwm‡e R‡b R‡b|Õ (exávq)
05. cvKv > cv°v-‡Kvb ai‡bi aŸwb cwieZ©‡bi D`vniY?
(K) ¯îm½MwZ (L) ¯î‡jvc (M) e¨ÄbweK…wZ (N) wØZ¡ e¨Äb
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: wØZ¡ e¨Äb ev e¨ÄbwØZ¡Zv- KL‡bv KL‡bv †Rvi †Ìqvi Rb¨ k‡ãi AšÍM©Z e¨Ä‡bi wØZ¡ D”PviY nq, G‡K e‡j
wØZ¡ e¨Äb ev e¨ÄbwØZ¡Zv| †hgb- cvKv > cv°v, mKvj > m°vj BZ¨vw`|
06. ‡h Aÿ‡ii †k‡l ¯îaŸwb D”PvwiZ nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) gy³vÿi (L) e×vÿi (M) ¯îZš¿x (N) `xN©¯î
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: wbtk¦v‡mi ¯^íZg cÖqv‡m GKwU k‡ãi hZUzKz Ask GKmv‡_ D”PviY Kiv hvq Zv‡K Aÿi e‡j| †hgb: gvgv
GKwU kã hv D”PviY Ki‡Z †M‡j gv GK‡Î I gv GK‡Î D”PviY Kiv hvq| myZivs gvgv kãwU `yB Aÿ‡i MwVZ| Aÿi
2 cÖKvi| h_v:- gy³vÿi ( υ ), e×vÿi ( _ )|
 gy³vÿi: †h kãvsk D”Pvi‡Y A_©vr Aÿ‡ii †k‡l ¯îaŸwb gy³fv‡e D”PvwiZ nq Zv‡K gy³vÿi e‡j| †hgb: mvMi
k‡ãi ÔmvÕ Aÿi D”Pvi‡Yi †k‡l gy³fv‡e ÔAvÕ D”PvwiZ nq, ZvB GLv‡b ÔmvÕ gy³vÿi|
 e×vÿi: †h kãvsk D”Pvi‡Y A_©vr Aÿ‡ii †k‡l e¨ÄbaŸwb D”PvwiZ nq Zv‡K e×vÿi e‡j| †hgb: mvMi k‡ãi
ÔmvÕ gy³vÿi wKš‧ ÔMiÕ e×vÿi|
07. ÔcÖfv‡Z m~h© DV‡j AÜKvi `~i nqÕ ev‡K¨ ÔDV‡jÕ c`wU †Kvb cÖKv‡ii wµqvc`?
(K) cÖ‡hvRK wµqv (L) †h․wMK wµqv (M) AmgvwcKv wµqv (N) mgvwcKv wµqv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: mgvwcKv wµqv: ‡h wµqv w`‡q g‡bi fve cwic~Y© fv‡e cÖKvk cvq| ‡hgb: cÖfv‡Z m~h© DV‡j AÜKvi `~i nq|
AmgvwcKv wµqv: †h wµqv †_‡K g‡bi fve m¤ú~Y© cÖKvk cv‡e bv Ges wKQz †kvbvi AvKv•ÿv †_‡K hvq ZvB AmgvwcKv
wµqv| ‡hgb: cÖfv‡Z m~h© DV‡j.............|
08. we‡kl wbq‡g mvwaZ eûeP‡bi D`vniY †KvbwU?
(K) GUvB Kwig‡ì evwo (L) wmsn e‡b _v‡K (M) jvj jvj dzj (N) †jvKU A‡Xj m¤úwËi gvwjK
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: we‡kl wbq‡g mvwaZ eûePb: ‡g‡qiv KvbvKvwb Ki‡Q; GUvB Kwig‡ì evwo; mK‡j me Rv‡b bv; iex›`ªbv_
cÖwZw`b Rb¥vq bv; †Q‡jiv `yóvwg Ki‡Q|
A‡bK mgq we‡kl¨ I we‡klY c‡ì wØZ cÖ‡qv‡MI eûePb mvwaZ nq| †hgb:- nvuwo nvuwo m‡›`k| Kuvwo Kvuwo UvKv| eo
eo gvV| jvj jvj dzj|
09. ÿz`ªv‡_© ¯¿xevPK kã †KvbwU?
(K) wK‡kvix (L) bexbv (M) Kzgvix (N) cyw¯ÍKv
 ÿz`v‡_© BKv-cÖZ¨q †hv‡M: bvUK - bvwUKv, gvjv - gvwjKv, MxZ - MxwZKv, cy¯ÍK - cyw¯ÍKv|
 e„n`v‡_© BKv-cÖZ¨q †hv‡M: AiY¨ - AiY¨vbx (e„nr AiY¨), eb - ebvwb, wng - wngvbx (Rgv‡bv eid)|
GLv‡b, C-cÖZ¨q †hv‡M mvaviY A‡_©: wK‡kviÑwK‡kvix; RvwZ ev †kÖwYevPK A‡_©: KzgviÑKzgvix| Av-cÖZ¨q †hv‡M
mvaviY A‡_©: bexbÑbexbv|
10. ÒKx me©bvkÓ -GLv‡b ÔKxÕ Kxiƒ‡c eëüZ n‡q‡Q?
(K) wµqv (L) we‡klY (M) we‡kl¨ (N) me©bvg
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv GKv‡Wwg cÖYxZ evsjv evbv‡bi wbqg Abyhvqx me©bvg, we‡klY I wµqv-we‡klY cìƒ‡c ÔKxÕ kãwU C-Kvi
w`‡q †jLv n‡e| †hgb: Kx KiQ? GUv Kx eB? Kx K‡i hve? Ab¨ †ÿ‡Î Ae¨q cìƒ‡c B-Kvi w`‡q ÔwKÕ kãwU †jLv
n‡e| †hgb- ZzwgI wK hv‡e? †m wK G‡mwQj?
GLv‡b jÿYxq welq n‡”Q cÖ‡kœ †h‡nZz ÔKxÕ w`‡q †jLv n‡q‡Q †m‡nZz we‡klY/ me©bvg/ wµqv we‡klY ‡h ‡Kv‡bvwUB n‡Z
cv‡i| Zvn‡j DËi n‡e †KvbwU? Gi DËi n‡”Q - me©bvg e‡m †Kv‡bv we‡k‡lï cwie‡Z©| †hgb: Avwg KvR Kwi|
GLv‡b hw` cÖkœ Kiv nq Avwg Kx Kwi? Zvn‡j GLv‡b ÔKxÕ e‡m‡Q we‡k‡lï cwie‡Z© me©bvg wn‡m‡e| wKš‧ hw` ejv n‡Zv
Avwg fv‡jv KvR Kwi| GLv‡b hw` cÖkœ Kiv nq Avwg Kx KvR Kwi? Zvn‡j GLv‡b ÔKxÕ e‡m‡Q Ôfv‡jvÕ c‡ì cwie‡Z©
A_©vr we‡klY wn‡m‡e| GLb, cÖ‡kœ ejv n‡q‡Q ÒKx me©bvkÓ - GLv‡b Ôme©bvkÕ c`wU we‡kl¨ Avi ÔKxÕ c`wU we‡k‡lï
cwie‡Z© e‡m wb, we‡k‡lï †`vl ev Ae¯ vi cwie‡Z© e‡m‡Q| myZivs mwVK DËi (L)|
11. ‡Kvb evMavivwU wfbœv_©K?
(K) Av`vq-KuvPKjvq (L) iæB-KvZjv (M) Awn-bKzj (N) `v-Kzgov
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: fxlY kÎæZvfvevcbœ = Awn bKzj, `v Kzgov, Av`vq KvuPKjvq, mv‡c †bD‡j| iæB-KvZjv = cÖwZcwËkvjx
†jvKRb| Ab¨¸‡jvi A_© GKB A_v©r kÎæZvfvevcbœ / wZ³ m¤úK©|
12. evK¨ MV‡bi Acwinvh© c` †KvbwU?
(K) we‡kl¨ c` (L) we‡klY c` (M) Ae¨q c` (N) wµqv c`
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: wµqvc`- †h c` Øviv †Kv‡bv Kvh© m¤úv`b Kiv †evSvq Zv‡K wµqvc` e‡j| GKwU ev‡Kï Acwinvh© AskB
wµqvc`| wµqvc` Qvov KL‡bv ‡Kvb evK¨ MVb nq bv|
13. ‡Kvb ev‡Kï wµqvwU m¤¢vebv cÖKvk Ki‡Q?
(K) e„wó †_‡g †Mj (L) Gÿzwb e„wó G‡m co‡e
(M) ZvovZvwo Pj, e„wó Avm‡Z cv‡i (N) †m Mvb Ki‡Z cv‡i
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: GKwU wµqv msNUb Ab¨ GKwU wµqvi Ici wbf©i Ki‡j, wbf©ikxj wµqv‡K mv‡cÿ fv‡ei wµqv ejv nq|
†hgb- m¤¢vebvq: wZwb wd‡i G‡j me wKQzi gxgvsmv n‡e| hw` †m coZ Z‡e †m cvk KiZ|
14. Ô‡h e‡b wns¯ª Rš‘‡Z cwic~Y©Õ-GK K_vq Kx e‡j?
(K) wec`msKzj (L) k¦vc`msKzj (M) fxwZmsKzj (N) AiY¨ Rbc`
‡h eb wns¯ª Rš‧‡Z cwic~Y© - k¦vc`msKzj ‡h fwel¨r bv †f‡eB KvR K‡i - Aweg„l¨Kvix
‡h wel‡q †Kv‡bv weZK© †bB - Awemsev`x| ‡h fwel¨‡Zi wPšÍv K‡i bv ev †`‡L bv - AcwiYvg`k©x|
15. G‡KB wK e‡j mf¨Zv-ig¨ iPbvwUi †jLK †K?
(K) iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi (L) KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg (M) gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë (N) e‡›` Avjx wgqv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: gvB‡Kj gaym~a`b `‡Ëi cÖnmb - G‡KB wK e‡j mf¨Zv (1g)1860 ey‡ov kvwj‡Ki Nv‡o †iuv1860 e‡m LvI!
16. Ôcixÿvq mdj nIÕ GwU †Kvb ai‡bi evK¨?
(K) wee„wZg~jK (L) Av‡`km~PK (M) we¯§qm~PK (N) B”Qvm~PK
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: evK¨‡K 5 †kÖwY‡Z fvM Kiv hvq| (wee„wZg~jK, cÖkœm~PK, we¯§qm~PK, B”Qvm~PK I Av‡`km~PK)|
wee„wZg~jK evK¨: mvaviYfv‡e nvu ev bv evPK evK¨| h_v: ‡m XvKv hv‡e| ‡m XvKv hv‡e bv|
cÖkœm~PK evK¨: cÖkœ wRÁvmv Kiv nq| h_v: †Kv_vq hv”Q? wK coQ? hv‡e bvwK?
we¯§qm~PK evK¨: Avðvh©RbK wKQz ‡evSvq| h_v: ûi‡i, Avgiv wR‡ZwQ! Zv¾e e¨vcvi!
B”Qvm~PK evK¨: kyfRbK cÖv_©bv, Avwkm, AvKv•ÿv Kiv nq| h_v: †Zvgvi g½j ‡nvK| cixÿvq mdj nI| `xN©Rxex
nI| Ck¦i †Zvgv‡K Rqx KiæK|
Av‡`km~PK evK¨: Av‡`k Kiv nq| h_v: D‡V `vuovI| PzcwU K‡i em&| wkÿK g‡nv`q †kÖwYK‡ÿ G‡j D‡V `vuov‡e|
†`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv iÿvi Rb¨ hy× Ki|
17. cÖ †h ePb = cÖePb-‡Kvb mgvm?
(K) Zrcyiæl (L) Kg©avivq (M) cÖvw` (N) wØ¸
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: (cÖ, cÖwZ, cwi, Aby) GB PviwU Ae¨‡qi m‡½ hw` K…r cÖZ¨q mvwaZ we‡k‡lï mgvm nq Zvn‡j Zv‡K cÖvw` mgvm
e‡j| †hgb: cÖ (cÖK…ó) †h ePb = cÖePb, Aby‡Z (cðv‡Z) †h Zvc = AbyZvc, cÖfvZ, cÖMwZ, cwiågY BZ¨vw`|
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e- cÖfv‡Z cÖZ¨n cwiåg‡Y cÖMwZ †g‡qwU wj‡L Zvi AbyZvc cÖwZwnsmvq cÖev`-cÖePb-cÖe‡Ü|
A_© msKjb: cÖfvZ - ‡fvi, cÖvZtKvj; cÖZ¨q(mwÜ-cÖwZ+An) - cÖwZw`b|
18. Ônv‡mg wKsev Kv‡mg Gi Rb¨ `vqx|Õ-GLv‡b ÔwKsevÕ †Kvb Ae¨q?
(K) we‡qvRK Ae¨q (L) ms‡hvRK Ae¨q (M) Abš^qx Ae¨q (N) mgy”Pqx Ae¨q
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡h Ae¨q c` GKwU ev‡Kï m‡½ Ab¨ GKwU ev‡Kï A_ev evK¨w¯ Z GKwU c‡ì m‡½ Ab¨ GKwU c‡ì
ms‡hvRb, we‡qvRb ev ms‡KvPb NUvq, Zv‡K mgy”Pqx Ae¨q ev m¤^ÜevPK Ae¨q e‡j|
evK¨w¯ Z `ywU c‡ì g‡a¨ Ges, I, Avi, Z_v, ZvB, AwaKšÍ, myZivs Ae¨q eënvi K‡i ms‡hvM
ms‡hvRK Ae¨q m¤úK© ¯ vcb Kiv n‡j Zv ms‡hvRK Ae¨q| †hgb:Ñ D”Pc` I mvgvwRK gh©v`v mK‡jB Pvq| wZwb
mr ZvB mK‡jB Zv‡K kÖ×v K‡i|
evK¨w¯ Z `ywU c‡ì g‡a¨ wKš‧, ev, A_ev, bZzev, wKsev, nq‡Zv, bq‡Zv, bv nq, Z_vwc Ae¨q
we‡qvRK Ae¨q eënvi K‡i we‡qvRK m¤úK© ¯ vcb Kiv n‡j Zv we‡qvRK Ae¨q| †hgb:Ñ nv‡mg wKsev Kv‡kg Gi
Rb¨ `vqx | g‡š¿i mvab wKsev kixi cvZb|
evK¨w¯ Z `ywU c‡ì g‡a¨ A_P, eis, wKš‧, Z_vwc Ae¨q eënvi K‡i A‡_©i ms‡KvPK NUv‡bv n‡j
ms‡KvPK Ae¨q
Zv‡K Zv ms‡KvPK Ae¨q| †hgb:- wZwb weØvb A_P mr e¨w³ bb|
19. ÔKvwU‡Z KvwU‡Z avb Gj eilvÕ-ev‡K¨ Kx A‡_© AmgvwcKv wµqvi eënvi n‡q‡Q?
(K) mgvwß (L) Aweivg (M) wbišÍiZv (N) e¨vwß
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz AmgvwcKv wµqvi D`vniY †Ìqv nj-
m~h© A¯ÍwgZ n‡j hvÎv`j c_ Pjv ïiæ Kij| (wbic‡ÿ KZ©v) ‡gjv †`L‡Z XvKv hve| (wbwgË / D‡Ïk¨ A‡_©)
PviUv evR‡j ¯‥z‡ji QzwU n‡e| (Kvh©ci¯úi) ‡LvKv GLb nvuU‡Z cv‡i| (mvg_© †evSv‡Z)
GLb e„wó n‡j dm‡ji ÿwZ n‡e| (m¤¢ve¨Zv A‡_©) GLb †Uªb ai‡Z n‡e| (Avek¨KZv †evSv‡Z)
wZwb †M‡j KvR n‡e| (mv‡cÿZv †evSv‡Z) ‡`wL‡Z evmbv gv‡Mv †Zvgvi PiY| (we‡k‡lï Aš^q)
e„wó‡Z wfR‡j mw`© n‡e| (cwiYwZ †evSv‡Z) cÙdzj †`L‡Z my›ì| (we‡kl‡Yi Ae¨q)
‡Q‡jwU Kzm‡½ wg‡k bó n‡q †Mj| (†nZz A‡_©) KvwU‡Z KvwU‡Z avb Gj eilv| (wbišÍiZv)
‡PuwP‡q K_v e‡jv bv| ( wµqv we‡klY)
e„wó †_‡g †Mj| (mgvwß A‡_©)
XvKv wM‡q evwo hve| (Ae¨q A‡_©)
Pv Rywo‡q hv‡”Q| (µgk A‡_©)
GLb Avwg †h‡Z PvB| (B”Qv cÖKv‡k)
QzwU dzwi‡q Avm‡Q| (Avmbœ mgvwß A‡_©) GLb ï‡q c‡ov| (mgvwß A‡_©)
Avgv‡K †h‡Z `vI| (AbygwZ A‡_©) K_vUv Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q| (e¨vwß A‡_©)
Avgv‡K A¼Uv eywS‡q `vI| (mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bvq) jeYUv †Pv‡L †`L| (cixÿv A‡_©)
Kwó cv_‡i †mvbvUv N‡l bvI| (cixÿv A‡_©) Avgiv G KvRB K‡i AvmwQ| (Af¨¯ÍZvq)
‡Kvb †`‡k‡Z ZiæjZv mKj †`‡ki PvB‡Z k¨vgj| (AbymM©) ‡LvKv Kvu`‡Z jvMj| (Aweivg A‡_©)
20. Ôwe`y¨rÕ -Gi mgv_©K kã-
(K) giær (L) k¤úv (M) gq~L (N) QUv
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: we`y¨r Gi mgv_©K kã- mvaviYZ †g‡q‡ì bvg w`‡q n‡q _v‡K| †hgb:- Pcjv, PÂjv, weRwj,
`vwgbx, k¤úv, ‡m․`vwgbx BZ¨vw`| †UKwb‡Ki e¨wZµg: Zwor, ÿYcÖfv, wPKzi, AwPi|
GLv‡b, gviær - evqy, evZvm; gq~L/ QUv - `xwß, iwk¥|
"me©v½xY" k‡ãi mwVK cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨q- [40 BCS]

(K) me©½ + Cb (L) me©+ A½xb
(M) me© + ½xb (N) me©v½ + Cb
e¨vL¨v: cÖ_gZ me©v½ kãwUi mwÜ we‡”Q` Av-Kv‡ii wbq‡g (Av = A + A) me©v½ = me© (A) + (A) A½| Gevi me©v‡½i mv‡_ Cb
cÖZ¨q †hvM n‡q me©v½ + Cb = me©v½xY|
j¶Yxq: 'Cb'-i `šÍ¨ 'b' †_‡K c‡i Ôme©v½xYÕ G g~a©b¨ 'Y' n‡q‡Q Y-Z¡ wewa Abymv‡i|
‡kl cÖni - 07
01. Ôe¨vKiYÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ?
(K) ‡`wk (L) we‡`wk (M) Zrmg (N) Zrfe
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: e¨vKiYmn e¨vKi‡Y hZ¸‡jv Uwc· Gi bvg Av‡Q †hgb mgvm, ePb, KviK, mwÜ, DcmM©,
AbymM©, evP¨, wefw³, evMaviv, Dw³, cÖK…Z, cÖZ¨q, avZz BZ¨vw` Zv me¸‡jv ms¯‥…Z ev Zrmg fvlvi kã n‡e|
02. ‘Syntax’ kãwUi evsjv cvwifvwlK iƒc n‡jv-
(K) kã cÖKiY (L) aŸwb cÖKiY (M) evK¨ cÖKiY (N) kã MVb
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Ôkã cÖKiYÕ Gi cvwifvwlK kã Morphology; aŸwb cÖKiY - Phonology; evK¨ cÖKiY - Syntax; kã MVb
- Word Formation|
03. ‡KvbwUi A_©evPKZv †bB wKš‘ A_©‡`¨vZKZv Av‡Q?
(K) DcmM© (L) AbymM© (M) kã wefw³ (N) wµqv wefw³
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Dcm‡M©i †bB = A_©evPKZv (A_©vr wb‡Ri †Kv‡bv A_© †bB)| Dcm‡M©i Av‡Q = A_©‡`¨vZKZv (A_©vr A_©hy³
†Kv‡bv k‡ãi c~‡e© e‡m H k‡ãi A‡_©i cwieZ©b K‡i bZzb A_©‡evaK kã •Zwii ÿgZv)|
04. ‡KvbwU mgv_©K Ø›Ø mgvm?
(K) gv-evev (L) Awn-bKzj (M) Avq-e¨q (N) †gvjøv-‡g․jwf
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: †h mgv‡m cÖ‡Z¨KwU mgm¨gvb c‡ì A‡_©i cÖvavb¨ _v‡K, Zv‡K Ø›Ø mgvm e‡j| ‡hgb:- evev-gv = evev I gv|
Ø›Ø mgv‡mi e¨vm ev‡K¨ (Ges, I, Avi) -G wZbwU Ae¨q c` eëüZ nq| wKQz Ø›Ø mgv‡mi D`vniY:-
mgv_©K Ø›Ø: eëmv-evwYR¨, gv_v-gyÐz, nvU-evRvi, Ni-`yqvi, Kj-KviLvbv, †gvjøv-‡g․jwf BZ¨vw`|
wgjbv_©K Ø›Ø: gv-evc, gvwm-wcwm, wR¡b-cwi, Pv-we¯‥zU BZ¨vw`|
we‡ivav_©K Ø›Ø: `v-Kzgov, Awn-bKzj, ¯^M©- biK BZ¨vw`|
wecixZv_©K Ø›Ø: Avq-e¨q, Rgv-LiP, †QvU-eo, †Q‡j-ey‡ov, jvf-‡jvKmvb BZ¨vw`|
eûc`x Ø›Ø: mv‡ne-wewe-‡Mvjvg, nvZ-cv-bvK-Kvb-Mjv, jvj-bxj-meyR BZ¨vw`|
AjyK Ø›Ø: N‡i-evwn‡i, c‡_-cÖvšÍ‡i, †Kv‡j-wc‡V, Av‡M-wc‡Q, `y‡a-fv‡Z BZ¨vw`|
05. wLwjcvb w`‡q Ilya Lv‡e|-ÔwLwjcvb w`‡qÕ †Kvb Kvi‡K †Kvb wefw³?
(K) AwaKi‡Y Z…Zxqv wefw³ (L) AwaKi‡Y cÂgx wefw³
(M) Acv`v‡b k~b¨ wefw³ (N) Acv`v‡b Z…Zxqv wefw³
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: AwaKiY KviK- wµqv m¤úv`‡bi Kvj(mgq) Ges Avavi(¯ vb) ‡K AwaKiY KviK e‡j| †hgb- Avgiv †ivR ¯‥z‡j
hvB| (†Kv_vq hvB?= ¯‥z‡j); cÖfv‡Z (mgq) m~h© I‡V| wLwjcvb (Gi wfZ‡i) w`‡q Ilya Lv‡e|
06. wefw³nxb bvg c`‡K Kx e‡j?/ wefw³nxb I cÖZ¨qnxb bvg kã‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) mvwaZ kã (L) cÖvwZcw`K (M) ‡h․wMK kã (N) Zw×ZvšÍ kã
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: wefw³nxb bvg kã‡K cÖvwZcw`K/ kãg~j/ bvg cÖK…wZ e‡j| ‡hgb- †Mvjvc, bvK, jvj, wZb, Kjg|
Z‡e wefw³ ev cÖZ¨qhy³ bvg kã‡K bvgc` e‡j (Ack‡b bvgc` bv _vK‡j c` n‡e)| †hgb: †Mvjvcx, wZ‡bK| G‡K
Avevi Zw×ZvšÍ cÌ ejv nq|
Av‡iv wKQz Z_¨: wµqvc‡ì g~j Ask‡K avZz ev wµqvg~j ev wµqv cÖK…wZ e‡j| †hgb: Pj&, ‡`L&, †Lj& BZ¨vw`|
GUv‡K Dwë‡q ej‡j, avZz ev wµqvg~j ev wµqv cÖK…wZi mv‡_ wefw³/ cÖZ¨q hy³ Ki‡j Zv wµqvc` n‡e| ‡hgb: Pjv,
PjšÍ, †Ljbv BZ¨vw`| G‡K Avevi K…`šÍ cÌ ejv nq|
07. GK GK‡Ki Pvi fv‡Mi GK fvM‡K ejv nq-
(K) †P․_v (L) †ZnvB (M) Avav (N) †c․‡b
 GK GK‡Ki Pvi fv‡Mi GK fvM‡K (1/4) ejv nq = GK-PZz_©vsk, wmwK, †cvqv, †P․_v|
 GK GK‡Ki wZb fv‡Mi GK fvM‡K (1/3) ejv nq = GK-Z…Zxqvsk, †ZnvB| Avi (3/4) fvM‡K †c․‡b ejv nq|
 GK GK‡Ki `yB fv‡Mi GK fvM‡K (1/2) ejv nq = Aa© ev Avav| Avi (1/8) fvM‡K GK Aóvgvsk ejv nq|
08. ev‡Kï AšÍfz©³ c`¸‡jv Dchy³ ¯’v‡b emv‡bvB n‡jv-
(K) Dw³ (L) evK¨ cÖKiY (M) evP¨ (N) ev‡K¨ c`ms¯ vcbvi µg
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ev‡Kï AšÍf©y³ c`¸‡jv Dchy³ ¯ v‡b emv‡bv‡K c` ms¯ vcbvi µg e‡j| c` ms¯ vcbvi µ‡gi Aci bvg c`µg|
 Bs‡iwR‡Z c` ms¯ vcbvi µ‡gi MVb: Sub + Verb + Object = I Eat Rice|
 evsjvq c` ms¯ vcbvi µ‡gi MVb: Sub + Verb + Object = Avwg fvZ LvB|
08. ÔC = C + CÕ-G m~‡Îi mwÜRvZ kã †KvbwU?
(K) AZxZ (L) cixÿv (M) mZx›`ª (N) mZxk
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: C=B/C+B/C
cixÿv = cwi + Cÿv cÖZxÿv = cÖwZ + Cÿv AZxZ = AwZ + BZ iex›`ª = iwe + B›`ª evixk = evwik + C
wMixk = wMwi + Ck cÖZxZ = cÖwZ + BZ wMix›`ª = wMwi + B›`ª hZxk = hwZ + Ck fZ©x”Qz = fwZ© + B
w`jøxk¦i = w`jøx + Ck¦i wÿZxk = wÿwZ + Ck evix›`ª = evwi + B›`ª Aaxk¦i = Awa + Ck¦i mZxk = mZx + Ck
mZx›`ª = mZx + B›`ª gnx›`ª = gnx + B›`ª kÖxk = kÖx + Ck c„_¡xk = c„_¡x + Ck
mZx›`ª = mZx + B›`ª evixk = evwi + Ck fZ©x”Qz = fwZ© + B”Qz AZxe = AwZ + Be
jÿYxq: mwÜ we‡”Q‡` (+) Gi c‡ii As‡k ÔB/CÕ ‡ei Kivi m~ÎÑ (Cÿv, CÿY, Ck, Ck¦i) GB PviwU k‡ã ÔCÕ n‡e|
evwKme ‡ÿ‡Î ÔBÕ n‡e| A_© msKjb: mZx - mvaŸx, m”PwiÎv; evwi - Rj, wMwi - ce©Z; wÿwZ/c„_¡x - c„w_ex|
09. evsjv fvlvq cÖPwjZ we‡`wk k‡ãi fvevbyev`g~jK cÖwZkã‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) cvwifvwlK kã (L) mvwaZ kã (M) iƒwp kã (N) Zrmg kã
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔfvlvÕ k‡ãi c~‡e© ÔcwiÕ DcmM©‡hv‡M cwifvlv kãwU MwVZ n‡q‡Q| Gi AvÿwiK A_©- Ôwe‡kl fvlvÕ| evsjv
fvlvq cÖPwjZ we‡`wk k‡ãi fvevbyev`g~jK cÖwZkã‡K cvwifvwlK kã e‡j|
10. ‡hme kã cÖZ¨q ev DcmM©‡hv‡M g~j k‡ãi A‡_©i AbyMvgx bv n‡q, Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wewkó A_© Ávcb K‡i Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) †h․wMK kã (L) †g․wjK kã (M) i~wp kã (N) †hvMi~p kã
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: iƒp(∙iæn&+Z)/iƒwp kã- †h kã cÖZ¨q ev DcmM©‡hv‡M g~j k‡ãi A‡_©i AbyMvgx bv n‡q Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wewkó A_©
Ávcb K‡i, Zv‡K i~wp kã e‡j| †hgb- n¯Íx = n¯Í + Bb, A_©Ñn¯Í Av‡Q hvi; wKš‧ n¯Íx ej‡Z cï‡K †evSvq hv nvwZ|
M‡elYv (†Mv + GlYv) A_©- Miæ †LuvRv| MfxiZg A_© e¨vcK Aa¨qb I ch©v‡jvPbv| †hgb-
euvwk - euvk w`‡q •Zwi †h †Kv‡bv e¯‧ bq, kãwU my‡ii we‡kl ev`¨hš¿, we‡kl A‡_© cÖhy³ nq|
‣Zj - ïay wZjRvZ †¯œn c`v_© bq, kãwU †h †Kv‡bv Dw™¢¾ c`v_©RvZ †¯œn c`v_©‡K †evSvq| †hgb:- ev`vg- †Zj|
cÖexY - kãwUi A_© nIqv DwPZ wQj cÖK…ó iƒ‡c exYv evRv‡Z cv‡ib whwb| wKš‧ kãwU ÔAwfÁZv m¤úbœ eq¯‥ e¨w³Õ
A‡_© eëüZ nq|
m‡›`k - kã I cÖZ¨qMZ A‡_© Ômsev`Õ| wKš‧ i~wp A‡_© Ôwgóvbœ we‡klÕ|
iƒp kã¸‡jv g‡b ivLvi ‡K․kj †`L‡Z Ô†kl cÖni - 04Õ Gi 19 bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v †`Lyb|
11. evsjv fvlvi mg¯Í avZz‡K KqwU ÔM‡YÕ fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q?
(K) evBkwU (L) GKzkwU (M) wekwU (N) DwbkwU
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔMYÕ k‡ãi A_© †kÖwY| avZzi MY ej‡Z †evSvq ÔavZzi evbv‡bi aibÕ| avZzi MY wVK Ki‡Z jÿ¨ ivL‡Z nq -
2wU wel‡qi cÖwZ| avZzi MY 20wU| h_v:- KvU&, Ki&, n&, Lv, ï, w`, wjL&, Mvn&, Nyiv, wdiv, DjUv, ‡avqv, bvnv, PUKv, DV&,
jvdv, †`․ov, ‡Qvejv, Kn&, weMov|
12. wÎk jÿ kwn‡ì i‡³ evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡q‡Q| evK¨wU †Kvb Kv‡ji?
(K) mvaviY eZ©gvb (L) cyivNwUZ AZxZ (M) wbZë„Ë eZ©gvb (N) cyivNwUZ eZ©gvb
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: cyivNwUZ AZxZ Kvj: †h wµqv AZx‡Z eû c~‡e©B msNwUZ n‡q wM‡q‡Q Ges hvi c‡i AviI wKQz NUbv N‡U
†M‡Q, Zvi Kvj‡K cyivNwUZ AZxZ Kvj ejv nq| ‡hgb:- ‡m evi Zv‡K my¯ B †`‡LwQjvg| KvRwU wK Zzwg K‡iwQ‡j?
(K) AZx‡Z msNwUZ NUbvi wbwðZ eY©bvq: cvwb c‡_i Z…Zxq hy‡× GK jÿ gvivVv •mb¨ gviv wM‡qwQj|
Avwg mwgwZ‡Z †m w`b cuvP UvKv bM` w`‡qwQjvg|
(L) AZx‡Z msNwUZ wµqvi ci¤úiv †evSv‡Z †kl wµqvc‡` cyivNwUZ AZxZ Kv‡ji cÖ‡qvM nq| †hgb:- e„wó †kl
nevi c~‡e©B Avgiv evwo †cu․‡QwQjvg|
13. wemM© (t) Gi D”PviY †Kgb?
(K) †Nvl (L) A‡Nvl (M) `xN© (N) n«¯^
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: wemM©(t) n‡”Q ÔnÕ e‡Y©i A‡Nvl D”PviY| ÔnÕ e‡Y©i D”PviY †Nvl Z‡e wem‡M©i (t) D”PviY A‡Nvl| evsjv fvlvq
†Kej we¯§q cÖKvkK Ae¨‡qi †ÿ‡ÎB wem‡M©i aŸwb †kvbv hvq| †hgb:- Avt, Dt, It BZ¨vw`|
14. ÒKx Aciƒc my›ì dzjB bv dz‡U‡QÓ -GLv‡b ÔAciƒcÕ †Kvb c`?
(K) we‡k‡lï we‡klY (L) bvg we‡kl‡Yi we‡klY (M) we‡kl‡Yi we‡klY (N) fve we‡klY
DËi: (L)
e¨vL¨v: cÖ‡kœv³ ev‡K¨ ÔdzjÕ c`wU we‡kl¨ ev bvgc` GesÔmy›ìÕ c`wU we‡k‡lï c~‡e© e‡m we‡k‡lï Ae¯ v eySv‡”Q A_©vr
bvg we‡klY| Avi ÔAciƒcÕ c`wU Ômy›ìÕ c‡ì Ae¯ v eySv‡”Q A_©vr Ômy›ìÕ c‡ì we‡klY|
15. evsjv fvlv I mvwn‡Zï AvaywbK hy‡Mi ïiæ KZ mvj †_‡K?
(K) 1801 mvj (L) 1901 (M) 1201 (N) 1850
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv mwn‡Zï BwZnvm‡K †gvUvgywUfv‡e fvM Kiv nq hvq 3wU hy‡M| h_v:-
we‡kl hyM: AÜKvi hyM- 1201-1350|
evsjv mvwn‡Zï hyMwefvM
hyM mwÜÿY- 1760-1860|
cÖvPxb hyM 650 - 1200 mvj ch©šÍ Aeÿq hyM- 1760-1830|
ga¨ hyM 1201 - 18000 mvj ch©šÍ ‣PZb¨ c~e©eZx© hyM- 1351-1500|
‣PZb¨ hyM- 1500-1600|
AvaywbK hyM 1801 - eZ©gvb mgq ch©šÍ
‣PZb¨ cieZx© hyM- 1601-1800|
16. Ôwec` Ges `ytL GK mgq Av‡m|Õ-MVb Abyhvqx evK¨wU †Kvb cÖKv‡ii?
(K) mij (L) RwUj (M) †h․wMK (N) wgkÖ
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡h․wMK evK¨- `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK mij ev RwUj evK¨ GK‡Î MwVZ n‡q GKwU m¤ú~Y© evK¨ MVb Ki‡j Zv‡K †h․wMK
evK¨ e‡j| †h․wMK ev‡Kï AšÍM©Z wbi‡cÿ evK¨¸‡jv Ges, I, wKš‘, A_ev, A_P, wKsev, eis, Z_vwc, Zvici BZ¨vw`
Øviv mshy³ _v‡K| †hgb: D`qv¯Í cwikÖg Kie Z_vwc A‡bï Øvi¯  ne bv|
17. ÔwQt †Zvgvi GB KvR|Ó-GB ev‡K¨ †Kvb ai‡bi Abyf~wZi cÖKvk N‡U‡Q?
(K) we¯§q (L) wa°vi (M) j¾v (N) N„Yv
hv cÖKvk K‡i D`vniY hv cÖKvk K‡i D`vniY
wa°vi -wQt †Zvgvi GB KvR! ‡µva -Avwg †Zvgv‡K †`‡L †be|
Aby‡iva -KvRwU K‡i `vI bv fvB Avì -eÇ ïwK‡q †MwQm †i
Av‡`k -GLv‡b Gm| Avb›` -‡ek †ek, Lye fv‡jv n‡q‡Q!
`ytL -Avnv, MvQ †_‡K c‡o cv †f‡½‡Q! N„Yv -Zzwg GZ bxP!
fxwZ -hvwe wK bv ej? j¾v -wQt wQt Zvi m‡½ cvi‡jbv|
we¯§q -cÖK…wZ wK my›ì mv‡RB bv ‡m‡R‡Q! mvaviY wee„wZ -Avwg †Zvgv‡K ‡¯œn Kwi|
weiw³ -Avt, fv‡jv jvM‡Qbv, GLb GLvb cÖv_©bv -Ck¦i †Zvgvi g½j Kiæb;
†_‡K hvI †Zv `xN©Rxex nI|
18. ‡`ªvc`x †K?
(K) ivgvq‡Yi mxZvi mnPix (L) ivgvq‡Yi jÿ‡Yi cÖYqcÖv_x© bvix
(M) gnvfvi‡Zi `y‡h©va‡bi ¯¿x (N) gnvfvi‡Zi cvuP fvB‡qi GKK ¯¿x
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: †`ªvc`x n‡jb `ªæc‡ì Kb¨v| ZvB Zv‡K †`ªvc`x e‡j| gnvfvi‡Z cÂcvÐe (fxg, hywawôi, ARy©b, bKzj, mn‡è)
GB cvuPRb| G‡ì gv wQ‡jb KzwšÍ Ges evev cvÐ| cÂcvÐe L¨vZ GB cuvP fvB‡qi GKK ¯¿x nj †`ªvc`x| †`ªvc`xi evev
†`ªvc` ARy©b‡K RvgvZv iƒ‡c †c‡Z †m cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi Av‡qvRb K‡i| cÖwZ‡hvwMZv nj k~‡b¨ NyišÍ gv‡Qi †Pv‡L R‡j
cÖwZwe¤^ †`‡L †h Zxi we× Ki‡Z cvi‡e Zv‡K Kb¨v `vb Ki‡e `ªæc`| ÿwÎq‡ì g‡a¨ †KD cv‡iwb| wKš‧ eªvþ‡Yi
QÙ‡ekx ARy©b GB KvR m¤úbœ K‡i Ges †`ªvc`x‡K jvf K‡i| cÂcvÐ‡eiv LyeB gv f³wQj| gv hv ejZ Zviv ZvB
ïb‡Zv| evmvq wM‡q hLb cÂcvÐ‡ei gv KzwšÍ‡K hv wb‡q Gm‡Q Zv †`L‡Z e‡j wKš‧ gv KzšÍx bv †`‡LB e‡j hv wb‡q
Gm‡Q Zv Zviv †hb cuvP fvB‡q fvM K‡i †bq| hvi Kvi‡Y †`ªvc`x‡K cÂ ¯^vgx MÖnY Ki‡Z nq|
19. Ôb myi = AmyiÕ-GLv‡b Kx A‡_© bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm n‡q‡Q?
(K) Afve (L) wfbœZv (M) AíZv (N) we‡iva
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: bT Zrcyiæl- e¨vmev‡Kï c~‡e© bv evPK kã (b/bv/bq/bvB/†bB) e‡m †h Zrcyiæl mgvm MwVZ nq Zv‡K bT
Zrcyiæl mgvm e‡j| †hgb: b AvPvi = AbvPvi, b KvZi = AKvZi, bq Avev`x = Abvev`x| Giƒc- Agvbyl, Am½Z,
Af`ª, Abb¨, AMg¨, Av‡avqv, bvggÄyi, A‡K‡Rv, ARvbv, A‡Pbv, Avjywb, bv‡Qvo, Abvev`x, bvevjK, Abvì, bvwZ`xN©,
bvwZLe©, Afve, †eZvj BZ¨vw`|
bv-evPK A_© QvovI we‡kl we‡kl A‡_© bT Zrcyiæl mgvm n‡Z cv‡i| h_v:-
b wek¦vm = Awek¦vm - Afve A‡_© (wek¦v‡mi) b †j․wKK = A‡j․wKK - wfbœZv A‡_©
b †Kkv = A‡Kkv - AíZv A‡_© b myi = Amyi - we‡iva A‡_©
b Kvj = AKvj - AcÖk¯Í A‡_© b NvU = ANvU - g›` A‡_©
20. ÔXvKvBÕ k‡ãi †Kvb A‡_© ÔAvBÕ-cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡q‡Q?
(K) Avì (L) fve (M) DcRxweKv (N) RvZ
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: AvB - cÖZ¨q:
fveevPK we‡kl¨: eovB, PovB| Avìv‡_©: KvbvB, wbgvB|
RvZv‡_©: XvKvB, cvebvB| we‡klY MV‡b: ‡PvivB, †gvMjvB|
mg ¸YevPK we‡kl¨: wgVvB|
‡kl cÖni - 08
01. m‡¤^vab c‡ì ci †Kvb hwZ wPý e‡m?
(K) W¨vk (L) Kgv (M) †mwg‡Kvjb (N) nvB‡db
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Kgvi eënvi
1. evwo ev iv¯Ívi b¤^‡ii ci Kgv e‡m| †hgb: 550, kvnxb evM, XvKv|
2. GKB c` ev ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³ GKvwaK we‡kl¨, we‡klY, me©bvg, wµqv eëüZ n‡j cÖ‡Z¨KwU c‡ì ci Kgv
e‡m| †hgb: Avwg wek¦we`¨vj‡q hve, hve, hve| gvgyb, ‡iRv, L›`Kvi mevB G‡m‡Q|
3. RwUj ev‡Kï LÐ evK¨‡K Avjv`v Kivi Rb¨ Kgv e‡m| †hgb: Avwg Zv‡K wPwb, †m GLv‡b G‡mwQj|
4. gv‡mi ZvwiL, evi I mvj wjL‡Z Kgv e‡m| †hgb: 13 †c․l, †mvgevi, 1400 mvj|
5. m‡¤^vab c‡ì ci Kgv e‡m| †hgb: GB gvwS, Gw`‡K G‡mv|
6. GKvwaK Dcvwa _vK‡j Zvi c‡i Kgv e‡m| †hgb: wg. mvjvg Gg.we.we.Gm, Gd.Avi.wm.Gm|
7. D×iY/D×…wZ wP‡ýi c~‡e© (LÐev‡Kï †k‡l) Kgv emv‡Z n‡e| †hgb: mv‡ne ej‡jb, ÒQzwU cv‡e bv|Ó
iv¯Ív RwUj evK¨ wWwMÖ/ Dcvwa
TechniQue: Kgvi eënvi:- evàvivR Zvm †L‡j wWwMÖ †bq|
evwo c` ZvwiL m‡¤^vab c`
02. ‡KvbwU †h․wMK ¯îaŸwb?
(K) I (L) H (M) D (N) †KvbwU bq
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: cvkvcvwk `ywU ¯îaŸwb _vK‡j `ªæZ D”Pvi‡Yi mgq Zv GKwU mshy³ ¯îaŸwb iƒ‡c D”PvwiZ nq| GB iƒ‡c
GKm‡½ D”PvwiZ `ywU wgwjZ ¯îaŸwb‡K ejv nq †h․wMK ¯îaŸwb| †hgb: A + B [H] (eB, gB, `B), Av + D = AvD
(jvD, RvD), B + D = BD (wkDwj, wcD), D + B = DB (ïB, `yB), G + D = G (‡XD, †KD, †muDwZ), I + G = Iq
(‡kvq, †avq, †Qvuq) BZ¨vw`| †h․wMK ¯îaŸwb Aci bvg wØ¯î / hyM¥¯î / ‡h․wMK ¯î / mwÜ¯î / mvÜ¨ÿi| evsjv
eY©gvjvq †h․wMK ¯îaŸwbi msL¨v 25wU|
03. ÔA‡š^lYÕ k‡ãi mwVK mwÜ we‡”Q` †KvbwU?
(K) Aš^ + GlY (L) Aby + GlY (M) A‡š^ + lY (N) Aby + HlY
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: e-djv _vK‡j Zvi ¯’‡j D-Kvi / E-Kvi n‡e| †hgb:
¯^vMZ = my + AvMZ gš^šÍi = gby + AšÍi ¯^í = my + Aí cðvPvi = cï + AvPvi
Awš^Z = Aby + BZ ck¦ag = cï + Aag A‡Y¦lY = Aby + GlY Aš^q = Aby + Aq
ck¦vw` = cï + Avw` Zš^x = Zby + C e¨wZµg: ¯^vaxb = ¯^ + Aaxb (A + A = Av)|
04. msL¨v MYbvi g~j GKK Kx?
(K) k~b¨ (L) GK (M) `yB (N) ‡KvbwUB bq
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: msL¨v MYbvi g~j GKK (1)| A_©vr GK GK K‡i MYbv K‡i Amxg msL¨v () ch©šÍ MYbv Kiv nq|
05. Òbxj AvKv‡ki bx‡P Avwg iv¯Ív P‡jwQ GKvÓ - Ôiv¯ÍvÕ kãwUi KviK I wefw³ †KvbwU?
(K) Ki‡Y k~b¨ (L) K‡g© k~b¨ (M) Acv`v‡b k~b¨ (N) AwaKi‡Y k~b¨
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Ôiv¯ÍvÕ A_©vr GKUv ¯ vb GB wPšÍv K‡i A‡b‡KB GB cÖ‡kœi DËi AwaKi‡Y k~b¨ `vMv‡e| wKš‧ GUv fyj| cÖ‡kœi
wµqvi w`‡K fv‡jv K‡i jÿ¨ K‡i ‡`wL, ÒP‡j‡QÓ A_©vr ev‡Kï KZ©v wKš‧ †_‡g †bB, †m bxj AvKv‡ki wb‡P iv¯Ív
eënvi K‡i Zvi MšÍe¨¯ ‡j hv‡”Q| Zvi gv‡b, GLv‡b Ôiv¯ÍvÕ KZ©vi MšÍe¨¯ ‡j hvIqvi GKwU gva¨g A_©vr KiY KviK|
06. fvevwaKi‡Y me©`v †Kvb wefw³ nq?
(K) cÖ_gv (L) wØZxqv (M) cÂgx (N) mßgx
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: fvevwaKi‡Y me©`vB mßgx wefw³ nq e‡j G‡K fv‡e mßgx ejv nq| †hgb-
m~‡h©v`‡q AÜKvi `~ixf~Z nq| Kvbœvq †kvK g›`xf~Z nq|
07. AvR hw` mygb AvmZ, †Kgb gRv n‡Zv|-evK¨wU †Kvb Kv‡ji D`vniY?
(K) wbZë„Ë eZ©gvb (L) mvaviY AZxZ (M) wbZë„Ë AZxZ (N) cyivNwUZ fwel¨r
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: wbZë„Ë eZ©gvb I wbZë„Ë AZx‡Zi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨:
wbZë„Ë eZ©gvb wbZë„Ë AZxZ
‡h Af¨vm Av‡M wQj Ges GLbI Av‡Q| †hgb: Avwg ‡h Af¨vm Av‡M wQj wKš‧ GLb Avi bvB| †hgb: Avwg ZLb
Av‡M †ivR mKv‡j ‡eov‡Z hvB| †ivR mKv‡j b`xi Zx‡i ågY KiZvg|
ev‡K¨ hw`, hLb, †hb _vK‡j wµqvc` hw` fwelr ev‡K¨ hw`, hLb, †hb _vK‡j wµqvc` hw` AZxZ Kv‡ji nq
Kv‡j nq Z‡e evK¨wU n‡e wbZë„Ë eZ©gvb| †hgb:- Z‡e evK¨wU n‡e wbZë„Ë AZxZ| †hgb:-
AvR hw` †m Av‡m(eZ©gvb) Z‡e A‡bK gRv n‡e(fwelr)| AvR hw` mygb AvmZ(AZxZ), †Kgb gRv nZ(AZxZ)|
07. ÔcyiælÕ e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb ai‡bi kã?
(K) cÖwZkã (L) wØiæ³ kã (M) we‡`wk kã (N) cvwifvwlK kã
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔcyiælÕ GKwU cvwifvwlK kã| we‡kl¨, me©bvg I wµqviB cyiæl Av‡Q| we‡klY I Ae¨‡qi cyiæl †bB|
08. ‡Kej Rš‘i eûeP‡b †KvbwU eëüZ nq?
(K) e„›` (L) h~_ (M) `vg (N) cyÄ
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Rš‧i eûeP‡b eëüZ mgwó‡evaK kã - cvj, h~_| †hgb:
- ivLvj Miæi cvj j‡q hvq gv‡V| -nw¯Íh~_ gv‡Vi dmj bó Ki‡Q|
09. ‘Parasite’ k‡ãi evsjv cwifvlv-
(K) ciRxex (L) Pzw³ (M) cyw¯ÍKv (N) bvgm~wP
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: parasite - ciRxex; pact - Pzw³; pamphlet - cyw¯ÍKv; panel - bvgm~wP|
10. ÔMZKj¨Õ-GB Kvjm~PK kãwU c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z wK n‡e?
(K) ciw`b (L) Av‡Miw`b (M) c~e©w`b (N) AvMvgxKvj
cÖZ¨ÿ c‡ivÿ cÖZ¨ÿ c‡ivÿ cÖZ¨ÿ c‡ivÿ cÖZ¨ÿ c‡ivÿ
GLv‡b †mLv‡b MZ Kvj Av‡Mi w`b MZKj¨ c~e©w`b আজ
ILv‡b HLv‡b আ পর GLb ZLb Bnv Zvnv
GB †mB G ‡m
11. ÔAcÖwZØ›Øx I Awemsevw`Z ivRKzgvi‡K Mfxi ch©‡eÿ‡Yi ci m¤ªvU Zvi ivR¨ m¤úªmvi‡Yi `vwqZ¡fvi wbtms‡Kv‡P
m¤úª`vb Ki‡jbÕ -GB ev‡K¨ Dcm‡M©i msL¨v KZwU?
(K) 13 wU (L) 14 wU (M) 15 wU (N) 16 wU
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: AcÖwZØ›Øx (A+cÖwZ) I Awemsevw`Z (A+we+mg) ivRKzgvi‡K Mfxi ch©‡eÿ‡Yi (cwi+Ae) ci m¤ªvU Zvi
ivR¨ m¤úªmvi‡Yi (mg+cÖ+mv) `vwqZ¡fvi wbtms‡Kv‡P (wb+mg) m¤úª`vb (mg+cÖ) Ki‡jb|
we‡kl `ªóe: k‡ã GKvwaK DcmM© wbY©‡q m~Î †`L‡Z Ò‡kl cÖni - 17Ó Gi 18 bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v †`Lyb|
12. wfbœv_©K kã‡hv‡M hyM¥ixwZi wØiæw³ †KvbwU?
(K) ebR½j (L) WvjfvZ (M) Rb¥-g„Zz¨ (N) fvZUvZ
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: hyMœ ixwZi wØiæw³ kã-GKB kã Clr cwieZ©b K‡i wØiæ³ kã MVb Kivi ixwZ‡K e‡j hyM¥ ixwZ| †hgb:
1. k‡ãi Avw` ¯^‡ii cwieZ©b K‡i: RvwiRywi (R+Av+i+B+R+D+i+B); PzcPvc, wgUgvU|
2. k‡ãi AšÍ¨ ¯^‡ii cwieZ©b K‡i: gvivgvwi (g+Av+i+Av+g+Av+i+B), nvZvnvwZ, mivmwi, †R`vwRw`
3. wØZxq evi eënv‡ii mgq e¨ÄbaŸwbi cwieZ©b K‡i: fvZUvZ, QUcU, wbkwck|
4. mgv_©K ev GKv_©K kã †hvM K‡i: PvjPjb, ixwZbxwZ, ebR½j, fqWi|
5. wfbœv_©K kã †hvM K‡i: WvjfvZ, ZvjvPvwe, c_NvU, AwjMwj|
6. wecixZv_©K kã †hvM K‡i: Rb¥-g„Zz¨, Av`vb-cÖ`vb, ‡QvU-eo, Avmv-hvIqv|
13. wb‡Pi †Kvb Zw×Z cÖZ¨qwU DcKiYRvZ we‡klY MV‡b eëüZ n‡q‡Q?
(K) KzmywgZ (L) mywLb (M) Kzjxb (N) bexb
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: BZ-cÖZ¨q: DcKiYRvZ we‡klY MV‡b-
KzmywgZ = Kzmyg + BZ KewjZ = Kej + BZ Ziw½Z = Zi½ + BZ
GKwÎZ = GKÎ + BZ cjøweZ = cjøe + BZ `ytwLZ = `ytL + BZ
BZ BZ cyw®úZ = cy®ú + BZ Kjw¼Z = Kj¼ + BZ ZiwjZ = Zij + BZ
weevwnZ = weevn + BZ KÈwKZ = KÈK + BZ Mwe©Z = Me© + BZ
Cb& bxb me©Rbxb = me©Rb + bxb Kzjxb = Kzj + bxb bexb = be + bxb
14. ‡Kvb evbvbwU ï× bq?
(K) cÖwZ‡hvMx (L) mZxZ¡ (M) cÖwZØw›ØZv (N) cÖwZ‡hvMxZv
DËi: (N)|
e¨v¨L¨v: ‡Kvb we‡kl¨ k‡ãi †k‡l (C-Kvi) _vK‡j Gi c‡i hw` Z¡/ Zv/ bx / mfv / ZË¡ / we`¨v / RMr / cwil` BZ¨vw`
_vK‡j, H k‡ãi `xN© C-Kvi n«¯^ B-Kvi n‡q hv‡e| †hgb:
w + Zv w + Z¡ w + we`¨v / mfv / RMr / cwil`
DcKvix + Zv = DcKvwiZv AwaKvix + Z¡ = AwaKvwiZ¡ cÖvYx + we`¨v = cÖvwYwe`¨v
cvi`k©x + Zv = cvi`wk©Zv cÿcvZx + Z¡ = cÿcvwZZ¡ gš¿x + mfv = gwš¿mfv
cÖwZØ›Øx + Zv = cÖwZØw›ØZv GKvKx + Z¡ = GKvwK cÖvYx + RMr = cÖvwYRMr
cÖwZ‡hvMx+Zv= cÖwZ‡hvwMZv K…Zx + Z¡ = K…wZZ¡ gš¿x + cwil` = gwš¿cwil`
mn‡hvMx + Zv = mn‡hvwMZv `vqx + Z¡ = `vwqZ¡ AbyMvgx + Bbx = AbyMvwgbx
g‡bv‡hvMx+Zv=g‡bv‡hvwMZv gš¿x + Z¡ = gwš¿Z¡ mgfvMx + Bbx = mgfvwMbx
mnMvgx + Zv = mnMvwgZv ¯ vqx + Z¡ = ¯ vwqZ¡ cÖYqx + Bbx = cÖYwqbx
e¨wZµg: mZx + Z¡ = mZxZ¡; bvix + Z¡ = bvixZ¡; Kzgvix + Z¡ = KzgvixZ¡|
15. ÔcyZzj bv‡Pi BwZK_vÕ Dcb¨vmwU Kvi †jLv?
(K) †m․wi›`ª †gvnb gy‡Lvcva¨vq (L) gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq (M) Rwni ivqnvb (N) kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi Dcb¨vmmg~n-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: cÙv b`xi gvwS1936 Av‡ivM¨1953 jvf K‡i Amy¯ Zvi mKj wPý1947 fz‡j wM‡q RxqšÍ1950 n‡q DV‡j
Zvi Rbbx1935 Zv‡K kniZjx‡Z1940 e‡m †mvbvi †P‡qI `vgx1951 ¯^vaxbZvi ¯^v`1951 wb‡Z nid1954 †Pbvq| Avi njy`
b`x meyR eb1956 Gi cZzj bv‡Pi BwZK_v1936, kniev‡mi BwZK_v1946, BwZK_vi c‡ii K_v1952 Ges wèvivwÎi
Kve¨1935 †kvbvq|
17. cÖK…Z evsjv e¨Äb mwÜ g~jZ †Kvb wbq‡g n‡q _v‡K?
(K) mgxfeb (L) welgxfeb (M) AmgxKiY (N) AwcwbwnwZ
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: cÖK…Z evsjv e¨Äb mwÜ g~jZ mgxfeb wbq‡g n‡q _v‡K| GwU g~jZ jÿ¨ Kiv hvq civMZ mgxfe‡b| †hgb: Zr
+ Rb¨ = Z¾b¨, Zr + wnZ = Zw×Z, Dr + gyL = Db¥yL, e` + RvZ = e¾vZ, nvZ + Qvwb = nv”Qvwb, wec` + RbK
= wec`¾bK, Kvu` + bv = Kvbœv BZ¨vw`|
18. Avmvwgi c‡ÿ DwKj †K?-GLv‡b Ôc‡ÿÕ AbymM©wU Kx A‡_© eëüZ n‡q‡Q?
(K) mÿgZv (L) †nZz (M) wbwgË (N) mnvq
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Abym‡M©i cÖ‡qvM part:02- (cvU©-01) Ô‡kl cÖni Ñ 04Õ Gi 13bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v †`Lyb|
AbymM© A_© D`vniY
mn mnMvwgZv wZwb cyÎmn Dcw¯’Z nB‡jb|
m‡b weiæ×MvwgZv `skbÿZ †k¨b wen½ hy‡S f~R½ m‡b|
c‡i ¯^íweiwZ G NUbvi c‡i Avi GLv‡b _vKv hvq bv|
cv‡b cÖwZ/w`‡K ïay †Zvgvi gy‡Li cv‡b Pvwn evwni nby|
c‡ÿ mÿgZv ivRvi c‡ÿ me wKQy m¤¢e|
c‡ÿ mnvq Avmvgxi c‡ÿi DwKj †K?
gv‡S ÿYKvj wb‡g‡li gv‡SB me †kl n‡q †Mj|
R‡b¨ wbwgË G ab m¤ú` †Zvgvi Rb¨|
m‡½ Zzjbv gv‡qi m‡½ †g‡qi Zyjbv nq bv|
ekZ KviY `~©fvMëkZ mfvq Dcw¯’Z _vK‡Z cvwiwb|
cÖwZ Ici wb`viæY wZwb AwZ, bvwn `qv Ze cÖwZ|
Z‡i gZ G R‡b¥i Z‡i we`vq wbjvg|
19. Zzdvb, Av`vjZ I Lei †Kvb fvlvi kã?
(K) dviwm (L) Zrmg (M) Aviwe (N) wnw›`
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: Aviwe kã-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: Avjøvn wek¦vmx Cgvb`vi Zzdvb AvKei Ihy †Mvmj K‡i nvw`m †KviAvb Zmwe covi ci n¾
hvKvZ I †Kvievwb K‡i nvivg nvjvj I Bmjv‡gi c_ †g‡b P‡j RvbœvZ jvf Avkv I Rvnvbœvg n‡Z gyw³i Rb¨| beve
DwKj †gv³vi g‡°j, gy‡Ýd wKZve, Kvbyb, †`vqvZ, Kjg wb‡q gnKygv Av`vj‡Z GRjv‡m e‡m ivq LvwiR K‡ib| B‡ì
w`b Mwie bvwRg Av‡jg, Kvgvj G‡jg, dvwRj Avwei Ges Lvivc kqZvb Bbmvb e‡j gymvwdi fvB †g․mywg †jeyi kieZ
eëmvq †jvKmv‡b AvwQ| ZLb gymvwdi fvB e‡jb evwKi AvgvbZ IRi †K”Qv-Kvq`v-Rjmv-MRj `vjvwj ev` w`‡q
bM` `vI|
20. Y-Z¡ weav‡bi wbqg Abymv‡i †Kvb kãwU h_v_©?
(K) D‡Ëviv‡qvY (L) DËvivqY (M) DËivqY (N) DËivqb
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: F, i, l -Gi c‡i Òn, q, h, j, sÓ -GB 5wU eY© Ges K-eM©xq (K, L, M, N, O) eY© I c-eM©xq (c, d, e, f, g)
e‡Y©i c‡i g~a©b¨ (Y) e‡m| †hgb: K…cY, Ac©Y, `ªeY, kÖeY, kÖveY, M„n‡KvY, Pe©Y, cÖv½Y, e„snY, AKg©Y¨, DËivqY,
bvivqY, iæM&Y, ivgvqY, Acivnè, c~e©vnè, ms‡ÿcY, ms‡ivÿY BZ¨vw`|
‡kl cÖni - 09
01. ÔbRiæj KZ…©K AwMœexYv iwPZ n‡q‡Q|Õ GwU †Kvb ev‡Pï D`vniY?
(K) KZ…©evP¨ (L) Kg©evP¨ (M) fveevP¨ (N) Kg©-KZ…©evP¨
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: evP¨ wPwýZKiY-
1. KZ…e© vP¨ = KZ©v + Kg© + wµqv 3. fveevP¨ = KZ©v + wefw³ + wµqv
= bvwdmv eB c‡o| = bvwdmv †K co‡Z n‡e|
A_ev = KZ©v + wµqv (bvwdmv c‡o)| = bvwdmv KZ…©K cov n‡”Q|
2. Kg©evP¨ = KZ©v + wefw³ + Kg© + wµqv = bvwdmv i cov nq|
= bvwdmv KZ…©K eB cov n‡”Q| 4. Kg©KZ…e© vP¨ = Kg© + wµqv
= bvwdmv i eB cov nq| = eB c‡o|
cÖ‡kœvËi = bRiæj KZ…©K AwMœexYv iwPZ n‡q‡Q|
02. Ø›Ø mgv‡m-
(K) c~e©c‡ì A_© cÖvavb¨ cvq (L) cic‡ì A_© cÖvavb¨ cvq
(L) Dfq c‡ì A‡_©i cÖvavb¨ eRvq _v‡K (N) Dfq c‡ì AwZwi³ A_© cÖKvk cvq
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: ‡Kvb mgv‡mi †Kvb c` cÖvavb¨ cvq-
ÒØ‡›Ø Dfq c` cÖavb GLv‡b, jÿYxq:
wØZK G Mvq cic‡ì Mvb wØ = wØ¸ mgvm; Ø›Ø mgv‡mi wecixZ mgvm n‡”Q
eûeªxwn‡Z bZzb A_© cÖvavb¨ cvq Z = Zrcyiæl mgvm; eûeªxwn mgvm|
Ae¨qx‡Z c~e©c` nq, e‡j nvmbvZ fvB|Ó K = Kg©aviq mgvm|
03. ÔZvi eqm Abygvb Ki‡Z cvi‡jI Lye †ewk e‡j g‡b nq bvÕ - evK¨wU †Kvb †kÖYxi?
(K) mij evK¨ (L) RwUj evK¨ (M) †h․wMK evK¨ (N) wgkÖevK¨
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: GLv‡b Ôcvi‡jIÕ AmgvwcKv wµqv Avi Ôg‡b nq bvÕ mgvwcKv wµqv| Avgiv Rvwb, GK/ GKvwaK AmgvwcKv
wµqv _vK‡jI ev‡K¨ GKwU mgvwcKv wµqv _vK‡j Zv mij evK¨|
04. ‡KvbwU we‡kl wbq‡g mvwaZ ¯¿xevPK kã?
(K) †hvwMbx (L) MxwZKv (M) †bÎx (N) •eòex
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: we‡kl wbq‡g mvwaZ ¯¿xevPK kã-
cysevPK _vK‡j ¯¿xevPK n‡e D`vniY
AZ AZx gnr - gnZx, mr - mZx|
evb eZx `qvevb - `qveZx, iƒcevb - iƒceZx|
gvb gZx eyw×gvb - eyw×gZx, kÖxgvb - kÖxgZx|
Cqvb Cqmx gnxqvb - gnxqmx, Mixqvb - Mixqmx|
Zv Îx ‡bZv - ‡bÎx, KZ©v - KÎ©x, †kªvZv - †kÖvÎx, avZv - avÎx|
h-djv/ ¨ C grm¨ - grmx, gbyl¨ - gbylx|
05. c‡ii B-Kvi Av‡M D”PvwiZ n‡j wKsev hy³ e¨Äb aŸwbi Av‡M B-Kvi ev D-Kvi D”PvwiZ n‡j Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) AmgxKiY (L) AwcwbwnwZ (M) ¯^m½MwZ (N) mgxfeb
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: AwcwbwnZ- c‡ii B-Kvi Av‡M D”PvwiZ n‡j wKsev hy³ e¨ÄbaŸwbi Av‡M B-Kvi ev D-Kvi D”PvwiZ n‡j Zv‡K
AwcwbwnZ e‡j| †hgb- AvwR > AvBR, mvay > mvDa, ivwLqv > ivBL¨v, evK¨ > evBK¨, mZ¨ > mBZ¨, Pvwi > PvBi,
gvwi > gvBi BZ¨vw`|
06. Ô‡Pv‡Li c`©vÕ evMavivwUi mwVK A_© †KvbwU?
(K) Pÿzk~j (L) j¾v (M) †envqv (N) KcU
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡Pv‡Li evwj - Pÿzk~j; †Pv‡Li c`v© - j¾v; †VvuU KvUv - †envqv; eY©‡Pviv - KcU e¨w³|
07. evK¨Z‡Ë¡i Aci bvg Kx?
(K) c`µg (L) iƒcZË¡ (M) A_©ZË¡ (N) aŸwbZË¡
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: evK¨Z‡Ë¡i Aci bvg c`µg| Avi kãZ‡Ë¡i Aci bvg iƒcZË¡|
TechniQue: g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e- evc = evK¨ZË¡ I c`µg| kiƒc = kãZË¡ I iƒcZË¡|
08. Ôwb®‥j¼Õ †Kvb mgv‡mi `„óvšÍ?
(K) AjyK Zrcyiæl (L) DcwgZ Kg©aviq (M) bT_©K eûeªxwn (N) Ae¨qxfve
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: A, Abv, †e, bv, wb -GB DcmM©¸‡jv w`‡q mgv‡mi ïiæ n‡j Zv bT mgvm| GLb jÿYxq welq n‡”Q m¤ú~Y©
mgv‡m Avgiv `yB ai‡bi bT mgvm †`L‡Z cvB - bT Zrcyiæl Ges bT eûeªxwn| Òwb®‥j¼Ó mg¯Íc`wUi c~e©c` ÔwbÕ
hvi A_© †bB Ges cic` ÔKj¼Õ hvi A_© Acev` Ges mg¯Íc`wU †Kv‡bv c`B cÖavb bq A_©vr wb®‥j¼ kãwU w`‡q Ô‡bBÕ
ev ÔAcev`Õ †KvbwU‡KB †evSv‡bv n‡”Q bv| wb®‥j¼ kãwU w`‡q Ggb †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K †evSv‡bv n‡”Q †h wb‡`©vl| Avi GB
me¸‡jv ‣ewkó¨B bT eûeªxwn mgv‡mi D`vniY| †hgb:- bvnK, wbiæcvq, AbšÍ, †eZvi, A‡K‡Rv, AeyS, wbfz©j, bvPvi,
†e‡nW, AÁvb BZ¨vw`| Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz bT eûeªxwn mgvm-
‡bB c‡ivqv hvi = †ec‡ivqv ‡bB SÂ¦vU hvi = wbS©Â¦vU ‡bB ‣ah© hvi = A‣ah©
‡bB †eva hvi = A‡eva/ wb‡e©va ‡bB ûuk hvi = †eûuk ‡bB gj hvi = wbg©j
‡bB Aÿi hvi = wbiÿi ‡bB †gvn hvi = wb‡gv©n ‡bB `qv hvi = wb`©q|
09. mvay I PwjZ ixwZ‡Z Awfbœ iƒ‡c eëüZ nq †KvbwU?
(K) me©bvg (L) Ae¨q (M) m‡¤^vab c` (N) wµqv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: me©bvg, Ae¨q Ges wµqvc‡ì ‡ÿ‡Î mvay I PwjZ ixwZ‡Z wfbœ iƒ‡c eëüZ nq| †hgb: Zvnvi Øviv G‡nb KvR
m¤¢e b‡n- GB ev‡K¨ ÔZvnviÕ me©bvg, ÔØvivÕ Ae¨q Ges Ôm¤¢e b‡nÕ wµqv| Avi mvay ixwZ‡Z GB evK¨wUi PwjZ iƒc -
Zv‡K w`‡q GB KvR m¤¢e bq| GLv‡b me©bvg, Ae¨q Ges wµqvc‡ì wfbœiƒc cwijwÿZ| Aciw`‡K, m‡¤^vab c‡` mvay
I PwjZ ixwZ‡Z Awfbœ iƒ‡c eëüZ nq| †hgb: †n gvwS, Avgv‡i Kin cvi| mvay ixwZi GB ev‡Kï †ÿ‡ÎB m‡¤^vab
c` Ô‡nÕ Gi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq wb|
10. m~h© A¯ÍwgZ n‡j hvÎx`j c_ Pjv ïiæ Kij|-G evK¨wU †Kvb KZ©v?
(K) GK KZ©v (L) cÖ‡hvRK KZ©v (M) kZ©vaxb KZ©v (N) wbi‡cÿ KZ©v
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: AmgvwcKv wµqvi cÖ‡qvM: avZzi m‡½ Bqv / B‡q / B‡j / †j / B‡Z / †Z / wefw³ hy³ n‡q AmgvwcKv wµqv
MwVZ nq| †hgbt hZœ Ki‡j iZœ †g‡j| AmgvwcKv wµqvNwVZ ev‡K¨ 3 cÖKv‡ii KZ©v †`Lv hvq| h_v:
evK¨w¯ Z mgvwcKv I AmgvwcKv wµqvi KZ©v GK ev Awfbœ n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb: Zzwg PvKix †c‡j Avi wK
GK KZ©v
†`‡k Avm‡e? GLv‡b Ô‡c‡jÕ AmgvwcKv wµqv Ges ÔAvm‡eÕ mgvwcKv wµqv Avi Dfq wµqvi KZ©v ÔZzwgÕ|
kZ©vaxb KZ©v G RvZxq KZ©vi eënvi kZ©vaxb nq| †hgb:- †Zvgiv evwo G‡j iIbv ne|
kZv©axb bv n‡qI mgvwcKv I AmgvwcKv wµqvi wfbœ wfbœ KZ©„c` _vK‡Z cv‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î cÖ_g
wbi‡cÿ KZ©v KZ©„c`wU‡K ejv nq wbi‡cÿ KZ©v| †hgb:- m~h© A¯ÍwgZ n‡j hvÎx`j c_ Pjv ïiæ Kij| GLv‡b
hvÎx`‡ji c_Pjvi mv‡_ m~h© A¯ÍwgZ nIqvi †Kv‡bv kZ© ev m¤úK© †bB| ZvB Ôm~h©Õ wbi‡cÿ KZ©v|
11. wb‡Pi †Kvb evK¨wU ï×?
(K) gvby‡liv giYkxj (L) mKj gvby‡livB giYkxj
(M) me gvby‡livB giYkxj (N) mKj gvbylMY giYkxj
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: GKB m‡½ `y evi ePbevPK cÖZ¨q ev kã eëüZ nq bv| †hgb: mKj/ me gvby‡livB giYkxj (fyj cÖ‡qvM)|
me gvbylB A_ev gvbyl A_ev gvby‡liv giYkxj (ï× cÖ‡qvM)|
13. ÔmßvnÕ †Kvb ai‡bi kã?
(K) A¼evPK (L) cwigvYevPK (M) µgevPK (N) c~iYevPK
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: cwigvYevPK/ MYbvevPK msL¨v- GKvwaKevi GKB GKK MYbv Ki‡j †h mgwó cvIqv hvq ZvB cwigvYevPK/
MYbvevPK msL¨v| †hgb: mßvn (mvZ w`‡bi mgwó) Giƒc- wgwbU, NÈv, gvm, eQi, hyM, nvwj, WRb, †KwR BZ¨vw`|
14. ‡KvbwU Ô cv_viÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K?
(K) ZwUbx (L) iZœvKi (M) Aw`ª (N) ‣kj
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: mgy`ª k‡ãi A_©mg~n- AY©e, cv_vi, cvivevi (mwÜ-cvi+Aevi), mvMi, iZœvKi(mwÜ-iZœ+AvKi), wmÜz, Rjwa, A¤^ywa, evwiwa,
c‡qvwa, D`wa, Rjwbwa, Rjbv_, Rj`jcwZ, evix›`ª(mwÜ-evwi+B›`ª), Bivevb, A¤^ygvb, A¤^ycwZ, A‡¤^vwa, A¤^yc, A¤^yf…r,
Ewg©gvjx, bxjv¤^y, Øxcx, b`xKvšÍ, cÖ‡PZv BZ¨vw`| GLv‡b, ZwUbx - b`x; Aw`ª/ ‣kj - ce©Z|
15. AbymM© Kx?
(K) kã wefw³ (K) kãvsk (M) wµqv wefw³ (N) Ae¨q kã
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Abym‡M©i Aci bvg Kg©cÖePbxq| Abym‡M©i Av‡Q- A_©evPKZv| AbymM©(Aby+∙m„R&+A) n‡”Q Ae¨q kã ZvB GwU
GKwU Ae¨q c`| hv k‡ãi ‡k‡l e‡m| AbymM© ev‡Kï A_© cÖKv‡k mvnvh¨ K‡i|
16. ÔcÖvK…ZÕ k‡ãi fvlvMZ A_© Kx?
(K) g~L©‡ì fvlv (L) cwÐZ‡ì fvlv (M) †jLK‡ì fvlv (N) RbM‡Yi gy‡Li fvlv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: cÖvK…Z fvlv ej‡Z cÖvPxb fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡k †jvKgy‡L cÖPwjZ ¯^vfvweK fvlv¸wj‡K †evSvq| cÖvK…Z fvlv¸wj
B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq fvlvcwiev‡ii B‡›`v-Bivbxq kvLvi B‡›`v-Avh© kvLvi cÖvPxb wb`k©b| cÖvK…Z fvlv¸wji g‡a¨ cvwj fvlv
†e․× mvwn‡Zï fvlv wn‡m‡e eëüZ nZ| cÖvK…Z fvlv¸wj †_‡KB bvbv weeZ©gv‡bi gva¨‡g AvaywbK B‡›`v-Avh© fvlv¸wji
D™¢e n‡q‡Q| gvMax cÖvK…Z fvlv †_‡K evsjv, Amgxqv, wenvix I Dwomv fvlv; ‡k․i‡mbx cÖvK…Z fvlv †_‡K cwðgx wnw›`
I cvÄvwe fvlv; Aa©gvMax cÖvK…Z fvlv †_‡K c~ex© wnw›`; Ges gnvivóªx cÖvK…Z gvivwV fvlvi D™¢e n‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b Kiv nq|
17. Ôivwk ivwkÕ †Kvb A‡_© wØiæ³?
(K) AvwaK¨ (L) mvgvb¨ (M) ZxeªZv (N) avivevwnKZv
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: we‡kl¨ kãhyM‡ji we‡klY iƒ‡c eënvi: G ch©v‡q Ggb ai‡bi wØiæw³ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e hvi me¸‡jv
we‡kl¨ c`| Z‡e GB we‡kl¨ c`¸‡jv eënvi ¯ ‡j we‡kl‡Yi KvR K‡i| ‡hgbÑ
 AvwaK¨ †evSv‡Z : ivwk ivwk avb; avgv avgv avb|
 mvgvb¨Zv †evSv‡Z : Avwg R¡i R¡i †eva KiwQ; †`‡LQ Zvi Kwe Kwe fve|
 avivevwnKZv †evSv‡Z : Zzwg w`b w`b †ivMv n”Q; Zzwg evwo evwo †nu‡U Puv`v Zz‡jQ|
 wµqv we‡klY †evSv‡Z : ax‡i ax‡i hvq; wd‡i wd‡i Pvq|
 Abyiƒc wKQz †evSv‡Z : Zvi m½x mv_x †KD †bB|
 AvMÖn †evSv‡Z : I `v`v `v`v e‡j Kvu`‡Q|
17. Ôg„‡Zi g‡Zv Ae¯’v hviÕ-GK K_vq Kx n‡e?
(K) gyûgy©û (L) gygyÿz (M) g„Zermv (N) gyg~ly©
 ‡gvÿjv‡fi B”QzK ev gyw³Kvgx = gygyÿz  ‡h bvix g„Z mšÍvb cÖme K‡i = g„Zermv
 gyw³ ev cwiÎvY jv‡fi B”Qv = gygyÿv  g„‡Zi gZ Ae¯ v hvi = gyg~l©y
 gg©‡K ¯úk© K‡i Ggb = gg©¯úk©x  gg©‡K cxov †`q hvnv = gg©vwšÍK/ gg©šÍ`|
A_© msKjb: gyûg©yû - evievi, NbNb|
18. wb‡Pi †Kvb evK¨wU‡Z mgavZzR K‡g©i D`vniY i‡q‡Q?
(K) †Q‡jUv Kv‡b †kv‡b bv (L) gv wkï‡K Puv` †`Lv‡”Qb
(M) †ek Nyg w`‡qwQ (N) Lye GK Nyg Nywg‡qwQ
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Kg© Kvi‡Ki cÖKvi‡f`-
1. mKg©K wµqv: †h wµqvi Kg©c` Av‡Q Zv-B mKg©K wµqv| wµqvi mv‡_ Kx ev Kv‡K cÖkœ Ki‡j †h DËi cvIqv hvq,
Zv-B wµqvi Kg©c`| †hgb: evev Avgv‡K Kjg wK‡b w`‡q‡Q| ÔKxÕ wK‡b w`‡q‡Q? -Kjg| ÔKv‡KÕ wK‡b w`‡q‡Q? -
Avgv‡K| myZivs GLv‡b Kg©c` _vKvq GwU mKg©K wµqv|
jÿYxq: e¨w³ Kg©wU‡K ejv nq †M․YKg© Ges e¯‧ Kg©wU‡K ejv nq gyL¨ ev cÖavb Kg©|
2. AKg©K wµqv: ‡h wµqvi Kg© †bB, Zv AKg©K wµqv| †hgb: †g‡qwU nv‡m| ÔKx nv‡mÕ ev ÔKv‡K nv‡mÕ cÖkœ Ki‡j
†Kv‡bv DËi nq bv| Kv‡RB Ônv‡mÕ wµqvwU AKg©K wµqv |
3. mgavZzR Kg©: ev‡Kï wµqv I Kg©c` GKB avZz †_‡K MwVZ n‡j H Kg©c`‡K mgavZzR Kg© ev avZ¡_©K Kg©c`
e‡j| †hgm: Avi KZ †Ljv †Lj‡e| Lye GK Nyg Nywg‡qwQ|
19. Ôwe‡”Q`Õ -Gi mwÜ we‡”Q` ‡KvbwU?
(K) wet + †Q` (L) weP& + †Q` (M) we + †Q` (N) we‡”Q` + A
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: hw` †Kvb mwÜ k‡ã (”Q) hy³ Ae¯ vq _v‡K Zvn‡j mwÜ we‡”Q‡` cÖ_g P ev` hv‡e| †hgb:
GK”QÎ = GK + QÎ e„ÿQvqv = e„ÿ + Qvqv K_v”Q‡j = K_v + Q‡j ¯^”Q‡›` = ¯^ + Q‡›`
cÖwZ”Qwe = cÖwZ + Qwe cwi‡”Q` = cwi + †Q` Av‡jvK”QUv=Av‡jvK+QUv A½‡”Q` = A½ + †Q`
cÖ”Q` = cÖ + Q` Av”Qv`b = Av + Qv`b gyL”Qwe = gyL + Qwe Aby‡”Q` = Aby + †Q`
we‡”Q` = we + †Q` Aa©‡”Q` = Aa© + †Q` c~Y©‡”Q` = c~Y© + †Q`
e¨wZµg: wec”Qvqv = wec` + Qvqv; D”Q...= Dr + ....; m”Q.... = mr + ....; Z”Q... = Zr + ....| †hgb: D‡”Q` =
Dr + †Q`, Z”Qwe = Zr + Qwe, Zw”Q`ª = Zr + wQ`ª BZ¨vw`|
A_© msKjb: Av”Qv`b/cÖ”Q` - AveiY, QvDwb, cwi‡aq e¯¿vw`|
20. ÔweÁvbÕ k‡ãi hy³eY©wU †Kvb †Kvb e‡Y©i ms‡hvM MwVZ?
(K) T + R (L) R + T (M) O + R (N) R + O
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz hy³ evbvb †Ìqv njÑ
g~j eY© mshy³ eY© g~j eY© mshy³ eY© g~j eY© mshy³ eY© g~j eY© mshy³ eY©
ò l& + Y ý n& + b Æ U& + U ² ÿ& + g
ÿ K& + l nè n& + Y Ì Z& + _ ¼ O& + K
þ n& + g Î Z+i Z¥ Z& + g ½ O& + M
Ð Y& + W Ù `& + g Û b& + W Zœ Z& + b
®§ l& + g ½ O& + M Á R& + T Ë Z& + Z
Ã T& + Q Ä T& +R Â T& +P ¯§ m& + g
‡kl cÖni - 10
01. ÔAnwbk©Õ k‡ãi mwÜ we‡”Q`?
(K) Ant + wbk (L) Ant + wbkv (M) An + wbk (N) Ani + wbk
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: wbcvZ‡b ev wbZ¨ wemM© mwÜ:
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: AšÍtcy‡ii Aatcv‡Z hvIqv Av¯ú` ‡Q‡jwU Anin cÖvZtKv‡j wkitcxovq fz‡M gbtKó †c‡q
Anwbk© fv¯‥i I evP¯úwZi wbKU hvq|
AšÍtcyi = AšÍt + cyi AatcvZ = Aat + cvZ Av¯ú` = Avt + c` Anin = Ant + An
cÖvZtKvj = cÖvZt + Kvj wkitcxov = wkit + cxov gbtKó = gbt + Kó Anwbk© = Ant + wbkv
fv¯‥i = fvt + Ki evP¯úwZ = evPt + cwZ D‡jøL¨: G‡K we‡kl wbq‡g mvwaZ wemM© mwÜI ejv nq|
A_© msKjb: evP¯úwZ - ew³Zv `v‡b cUz ev `ÿ; Anwbk© - mZZ, wèvivÎ; Anin - cÖwZw`b, wbZ¨, me©`v; cÖvZtKvj -
†fvi; fv¯‥i(fvm&+∙K…+A) - m~h©|
02. my¯’ mej ‡`n‡K †K bv fv‡jvev‡mÕ-G ev‡K¨ Ômy¯’ mejÕ †Kvb ai‡bi we‡klY?
(K) fve we‡klY (L) bvg we‡klY (M) wµqv we‡klY (N) Ae¨‡qi we‡klY
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: bvg we‡klY- †h we‡klY c` †Kv‡bv we‡kl¨ ev me©bvg c`‡K we‡kwlZ K‡i, Zv‡K bvg we‡klY e‡j|
we‡k‡lï we‡klY- my¯ -mej †`n‡K †K bv fv‡jvev‡m? me©bv‡gi we‡klY- †m iæcevb I ¸Yevb|
03. Y-Z¡ weavb Abymv‡i wb‡Pi †Kvb evbvbwU Aï×?
(K) Dò (L) AvKl©Y (M) el©b (N) e¨vKiY
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: F, i, l -Gi c‡i mvaviYZ g~a©b¨ (Y) e‡m| †hgb: FY, Z…Y, N„Yv, iY, ¯§viY, mviwY, eY©, eY©bv, mvaiY,
e¨vKiY, `~lY, el©Y, Nl©Y, AvKlY©, fvlY, fxlY, f~lY, Dò BZ¨vw`| Z‡e evsjv wµqvc‡ì †k‡l `šÍ¨-b (b) e‡m
(c~‡e© F, i, l _vK‡jI `šÍ¨-b (b) em‡e)| †hgb: a‡ib, aiæb, f‡ib, K‡ib, gv‡ib, Kiæb BZ¨vw`|
jÿYxq: cyiv‡bv evbv‡b ÔbÕ Z‡e cyivY evbv‡b ÔYÕ e‡m|
04. K¤úb RvZ eY© I cvwk¦K eY© h_vµ‡g wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
(K) j I i (L) i I o (M) i I j (N) i I h
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: K¤úb RvZ eY© 1wU (j)| cvwk©¦K eY© 1wU (i)|
TechniQue: ÒKicvjÓ| GLv‡b, ÔKÕ - K¤úb RvZ = ÔiÕ| Avi ÔcvÕ - cvwk¦©K = ÔjÕ|
05. Ô‡h MvQ dj cvK‡j g‡i hvqÕ Gi GK K_vq cÖKvk Kx n‡e?
(K) Jlwa (L) Ilwa (M) eb¯úwZ (N) ciMvQv
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: †h MvQ †_‡K Jla ‣Zwi Kiv nq = Jlwa| dj cvK‡j †h MvQ g‡i hvq = Ilwa|
‡h Mv‡Q dj a‡i wKš‧ dzj a‡i bv = eb¯úwZ| ‡h MvQ Ab¨ MvQ‡K AvkÖq K‡i evu‡P = ciMvQv|
Jla ms‡hv‡M iwÿZ g„Z‡`n = gwg| Jl‡ai wecwY (†`vKvb) = Jlavjq|
Jl‡ai Avbylw½K †me¨ = Abycvb|
06. Ômvg¨Õ Kve¨MÖš’wU Kvi †jLv?
(K) KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg (L) iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi (M) ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq (N) gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ew¼gP‡›`ªi Kve¨mg~n-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: mvg¨1879ev`xiv †jvKinm¨1874 I weÁvb in‡mï1875 wewea cÖe‡Üi wewea mgv‡jvPbv1876 wb‡q
ivRv KgjvKv‡šÍi `ß‡i1875 Avm‡j ivRv Zv‡ì ej‡jb me Z¨vM K‡i K…òPwi‡Îi1886 kÖxg™¢MeMxZvi1902 ag©ZË¡
Abykxjb1888 Ki| GB Dc‡`k ï‡b gywPivg ¸‡oi Rxe‡b Pwi‡Zi cwieZ©b Av‡m|
07. Uc + cU > UcvUc -GwU aŸwbi †Kvb ai‡bi cwieZ©b?
(K) AwcwbwnwZ (L) AmgxKiY (M) welgxfeb (N) mgxfeb
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: AmgxKiY- GKB ¯^‡ii cybive„wË `~i Kivi Rb¨ gvSLv‡b hLb ¯îaŸwb hy³ nq ZLb Zv‡K AmgxKiY e‡j|
†hgb- ac + ac > acvac, Uc + Uc > UcvUc BZ¨vw`|
08. ÒmywZ Kvco A‡bK w`b †U‡KÓ-GwU †Kvb ev‡Pï D`vniY?
(K) fveevP¨ (L) Kg©evP¨ (M) KZ…©evP¨ (N) Kg©KZ…e© vP¨
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡h ev‡K¨ Kg©c`B KZ©„¯ vbxq n‡q evK¨ MVb K‡i Zv‡K Kg©-KZ©„ev‡Pï evK¨ e‡j|
wbY©‡qi m~Î- Ô‡KÕ Ges ÔKxÕ w`‡q wµqv‡K cÖkœ Ki‡j GKB DËi cvIqv hvq| ‡hgb:- KvRUv fv‡jv †`Lvq bv| mywZ
Kvco A‡bK w`b †U‡K| evuwk ev‡R H gayi jM‡b| mvB‡KjUv `ªæZ P‡j| KjgUv †j‡L fv‡jv|
g‡b ivL‡Z cv‡ib: mvaviYZ e¯‧ w`‡q D`vniY ïiæ n‡e| evP¨ msµvšÍ we¯ÍvwiZ †`L‡Z †`Lyb Ò‡kl cÖni - 09Ó Gi
01 bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v|
09. ‡h mKj k‡ãi ey¨rcwËMZ A_© I eënvwiK A_© GKB iKg †m mKj kã‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) kã (L) †hvMiƒp kã (M) †g․wjK kã (N) †h․wMK kã
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡h․wMK kã: †h mKj k‡ãi ey¨rcwËMZ A_© I eënvwiK A_© GKB iKg, †m¸‡jv‡K †h․wMK kã e‡j| †hgb:
MvqK = •M + YK (AK) - A_©: Mvb K‡i †h|
KZ©e¨ = K… + Ze¨ - A_©: hv Kiv DwPZ|
eveyqvbv = evey + Avbv - A_©: eveyi fve|
gayi = gay + i - A_©: gayi gZ wgwó ¸Yhy³|
‡`․wnÎ = `ywnZv + ò¨/A - A_©: Kb¨vi cyÎ, bvwZ|
wPKvgviv = wPKv + gviv - A_©: †Ìqv‡ji wjLb|
Av‡iv wKQz kã: wgZvwj, †Mvjvwc, cÿx, evuìvwg, KiYxq, wcZ…nxb, PvjK|
10. Òmvgvb¨ GKUz `ya `vIÓ-G ev‡K¨ Ômvgvb¨Õ †Kvb c`?
(K) we‡klYxq we‡klY (L) me©bv‡gi we‡klY (M) wµqv we‡klY (N) Ae¨‡qi we‡klY
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: we‡klYxq we‡klY: †h c` bvg-we‡klY A_ev wµqv we‡klY‡K wekwlZ K‡i, Zv‡K we‡klYxq we‡klY e‡j|
‡hgb:- 1. bvg we‡kl‡Yi we‡klY - mvgvb¨ GKUz `ya `vI| G e¨cv‡i †m AwZkq `ytwLZ|
2. wµqv we‡kl‡Yi we‡klY - i‡KU AwZ `ªæZ P‡j|
11. LuvwU evsjv kã †Kvb¸‡jv?
(K) P›`ª, feb (L) n¯Í, Pg©Kvi (M) Avjgvwi, wMR©v (N) †LgUv, ‡Xcmv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: P›`ª, feb, n¯Í, Pg©Kvi -Zrmg kã; Avjgvwi, wMR©v -cZz©wMR; †LgUv, ‡Xcmv -‡`wk kã| GLv‡b GKUz wLqvj
Ki‡Z n‡e †h‡nZz cÖ‡kœ †P‡q‡Q LvuwU evsjv kã wKš‧ Ack‡b Zv bvB †m †ÿ‡Î †`wk kã `vMv‡Z n‡e|
12. ÔcvwbÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlvi kã?
(K) dviwm (L) Aviwe (M) Ij›`vR (N) wnw›`
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: wnw›` fvlvi kãmg~n-
g‡b ivL‡eb ‡hfv‡e: `v`v-bvbv‡ì Kvwnwb ï‡b Pvjy-ev”Pv Pv‡gwj Lvbvwcbv I cvwb †Q‡o w`‡q wgVvB I PvbvPzi a‡i‡Q|
Gme dvjZz evZ©v †c‡q wm‡jwU cywiiv mv”Pv Unj w`‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q|
jÿYxq: cvwb - wnw›` fvlvi kã wKš‧ Rj - evsjv fvlvi kã|
13. iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm †KvbwU?
(K) wgkKv‡jv, Nbk¨vg (L) wPimyLx, wPi¯ vqx (M) i_‡`Lv, wec`vcbœ (N) †kvKvbj, welv` wmÜz
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Dcgvb I Dc‡g‡qi g‡a¨ Awfbœ Kíbv Kiv n‡j iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm nq| G mgv‡m Dc‡gq c` c~‡e© e‡m Ges
Dcgvb c` c‡i e‡m Ges mgm¨gvb c‡` ÔiƒcÕ A_ev ÔBÕ †hvM K‡i e¨vmevK¨ MVb Kiv nq| †hgb: welv` wmÜz = welv`
iƒc wmÜz, †kvKvbj = †kvK iƒc Abj, cÖvYcvwL = cÖvY iƒc cvwL|
TechniQue: mg¯Íc‡ì cÖ_g c` A`…k¨gvb + c‡ii c` `…k¨gvb n‡e| †hgb:- welv`wmÜy| GLv‡b, welv` A_© `ytL
(A`…k¨gvb) + wmÜy A_© mgy`ª (`…k¨gvb)| Giƒc, we`¨vmvMi, ÁvbwmÜy, gbgvwS, cÖvYcvwL, RxecÖ`xc, †h․ebm~h©,
†kvKvbj, †gvnwb`ªv, myLmvMi, RxebZix, Avb›`mvMi, †µvavbj, Rxebhy×, †kvKvbj, feb`x, we`¨viZœ, we`¨vab,
Kvj‡¯ªvZ, KvjPµ, ‡cÖg‡Wvi, gvqv‡Wvi, AvkvjZv BZ¨vw`|
e¨wZµg: †`nNwo, ‡`nKvÐ, †`nZË¡, KvqvZiæ|
e¨vmevK¨: `yB c‡ì g‡a¨ ÔiƒcÕ n‡e| †hgb:- welv` iƒc wmÜ| Giƒcfv‡e Dc‡ii me¸‡jv n‡e|
A_© msKjb: welv` - `ytL, wmÜz - mgy`ª; Abj - Av¸b; ‡µva - ivM; †Wvi - Ave‡óbx, eÜbm~Î; Kvj - mgq|
14. ÒivRvB ivRvB jovB DjyLvMovi cÖvYvšÍÓ -ev‡K¨ ÔivRvB ivRvBÕ ‡Kvb Kvi‡K †Kvb wefw³?
(K) g~L¨ KZ©vq 7gx (L) cÖ‡hvRK KZ©vq 7gx (M) cÖ‡hvR¨ KZ©vq 7gx (N) e¨wZnvi KZ©vq 7gx
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ev‡Kï wµqv m¤úv`‡bi •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx KZ©„KviK 4 cÖKvi| h_v: g~L¨ KZ©v, cÖ‡hvRK KZ©v, cÖ‡hvR¨ KZ©v,
e¨wZnvi KZ©v|
g~L¨ KZ©v: †Q‡jiv dzUej †L‡j; gyljav‡i e„wó co‡Q|
cÖ‡hvRK KZ©v: wkÿK QvÎ‡K cov‡”Qb (wkÿK co‡Q bv, QvÎ co‡Q); gv wkï‡K Puv` †`Lvq (gv †`L‡Qb bv, wkï ‡`L‡Q);
Abyiƒcfv‡e, mvcy‡i mvc †Ljvq|
cÖ‡hvR¨ KZ©v: wkÿK QvÎ‡K cov‡”Qb (covi KvRwU QvÎ Ki‡Q); gv wkï‡K Puv` †`Lvq (†`Lvi KvRwU wkï Ki‡Q)|
e¨wZnvi KZ©v: ev‡N gwn‡l GK Nv‡U Rj Lvq; ivRvq ivRvq jovB DjyLvMovi cÖvYvšÍ|
GLv‡b, DjyLvMov A_© - ¸iæZ¡nxb †jvK (evMaviv)| Avi cÖvYvšÍ - g„Z¨| A_©vr ivRvq ivRvq jovB Kivi d‡j ¸iæZ¡nxb
†jv‡Ki g„Z¨ n‡e|
15. `ywU cyiælevPK kã i‡q‡Q †KvbwUi?
(K) Avqv (L) wkl¨v (M) wcÖqv (N) bb`
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ¯¿xevPK k‡ã `ywU K‡i cyiælevPK kã: bb` - ‡èi, bb`vB; ‡evb - fvB, ‡evbvB|
16. Òhv wKQz nvivq, wMbœx e‡jb, †Kóv †eUvB †Pvi|Ó-GB evK¨wU‡Z ÔnvivqÕ kãwU †Kvb avZz?
(K) bvg avZz (L) we‡`kvMZ avZz (M) Kg©ev‡Pï avZz (N) ms‡hvMg~jK avZz
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: Kg©ev‡Pï avZz wPwýZKi‡Yi mnR m~Î- avZz + Av + q| †hgb: KvRUv fv‡jv ‡`Lvq bv| hv wKQz
nvivq wMbœx e‡jb †Kó †eUvB †Pvi|
17. ÔivRvÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã bq ‡KvbwU?
(K) b„cwZ (L) A¤^ycwZ (M) gnxcwZ (N) b„c
DËi: (L)| e¨vL¨v|
b„‡c›`ª, b„cwZ, f~c, f~cvj, ivR¨cvj, `Ðcvj, wÿwZc, wÿwZcwZ, gnx›`ª, wÿZxk, ev`kv, m¤ªvUmwÜ (mg&+ivU), b‡ik,
f~cwZ, bicwZ, gnxcvj, `Ðai, bicvj, b‡i›`ª, cÖRvwac, b„c, gnxbv_, gnxc|
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e:
ivRv
 f~ + cwZ, c = f~~cwZ, f~c (ivRvi cÖwZkã); wÿwZ + cwZ, c, Ck = wÿwZcwZ, wÿwZc, wÿZxk (ivRvi
cÖwZkã); gnx + cvj, bv_, c, B›`ª = gnxcvj, gnxbv_, gnxc, gnx›`ª (ivRvi cÖwZkã)|
 bi / b„ + cwZ, c, cvj, B›`ª, Ck = b„cwZ, b„c, b„‡c›`ª, bicwZ, b‡i›`ª, b‡ik (ivRvi cÖwZkã)|
18. ÔManifesto’ k‡ãi evsjv cwifvlv?
(K) WvK (L) Bk‡Znvi (M) Acywó (N) Avek¨K
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: WvK k‡ãi Bs‡iRx cwifvlv n‡jv Mail| Bk‡Znvi k‡ãi Bs‡iwR cwifvlv n‡jv Manifesto| Acywó k‡ãi
Bs‡iwR cwifvlv n‡jv Malnutrition| Avewk¨K k‡ãi Bs‡iwR cwifvlv n‡jv Mandatory|
19. ÔM¤¢xi aŸwbÕ -Gi evK¨ ms‡KvPb-
(K) gš¿ (L) g›`ª (M) gg©i (N) gayc
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: WvK I aŸwb msµvšÍ hZ GK K_vq cÖKvk-
AwZ D”P aŸwb = gnvb`| A‡k¦i WvK = †n«mv| nvwZi WvK = e„swnZ/e„snY|
gq~‡ii WvK = †KKv| ‡KvwK‡ji WvK = Kzn| KzKz‡ii WvK = ey°b|
ivRnuv‡mi (KK©k) WvK = wKw¼wb| M¤¢xi aŸwb = g›`ª| wms‡ni bv`/WvK = û¼vi|
ev‡Ni WvK = MR©b| wen‡½i WvK/aŸwb = K~Rb/KvKwj| mgy‡`ªi †XD‡qi kã = K‡jøvj|
ev`¨h‡š¿i aŸwb = SsKvi| aby‡Ki aŸwb = UsKvi| Aj¼v‡ii aŸwb = wkÄb|
‡Zv‡ci aŸwb = ¸Wzg| ïK‡bv cvZvi kã = gg©i| ex‡ii MR©b = û¼vi|
åg‡ii kã = ¸Äb| Ae¨³ gayi †h aŸwb = KjZvb| SbSb kã = SbrKvi|
b~cyi/exYvi aŸwb = wb°Y| Djy Djy aŸwb = Av‡jvwKKv| D”P kã = wb‡N©vl|
20. evsjv fvlvi g~j Drm †KvbwU?/ evsjv k‡ãi D™¢e n‡q‡QÑ
(K) Kvbvwo fvlv (L) •ew`K fvlv (M) wnw›` fvlv (N) cÖvK…Z fvlv
DËi: (N)|
TechniQue:
e¨vL¨v:
B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq Bkfv bv‡gi GKUv †g‡q hvi cÖK…Z gv‡Mv
kZg e½ A_©vr GB evsjv|
‡Kš‧g
Bivbxq fviZxq GLv‡b, B - B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq;
k - kZg; fv - fviZxq;
fviZxq Avh© cÖK…Z - cÖvK…Z; gv - gvMax;
cÖvK…Z †Mv - †M․oxq; e½ - e½Kvgiƒcx; evsjv -
ms¯‥…Z
evsjv fvlv|
gvMax ‡M․oxq
 W. gynv¤§` knx`yjøvn&i g‡Z, evsjv wjwci
Acåsk(weK…Z)
DrcwË wLªóxq 7g kZvãx|
e½Kvgiƒcx evsjv  W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi g‡Z,
DrcwË wLªóxq 10g kZvãx‡Z|
ÒSg Sg e„wói Zzgj kãÓ-GB evK¨wU‡Z ÔSg SgÕ Kx ai‡bi Ae¨q?

(K) AbymM© Ae¨q (L) Abš^qx Ae¨q (M) AbyKvi Ae¨q (N) mgy”Pqx Ae¨q
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: AbyKvi Ae¨q/ aŸb¨vZ¥K Ae¨q: †h ï®‥ cvZvi kã -gi gi †g‡Ni MR©b -¸o ¸o
mKj Ae¨q Ae¨³ ie, kã ev aŸwbi †¯ªv‡Zi aŸwb -Kj Kj b~cy‡ii aŸwb -iæg Szg
AbyKi‡Y MwVZ nq, †m¸‡jv‡K AbyKvi e„wói Zzgj kã -Sg Sg e‡Rªi aŸwb -Ko Ko
Ae¨q e‡j| h_v-
‡kl cÖni - 11
01. ‡h mKj kã Zv‡ì AvwfavwbK A‡_© eëüZ bv n‡q, Ab¨ A‡_© eëüZ nq, H Ab¨ A_©¸‡jv n‡jv Zv‡ì-
(K) e¨v½¨v_© (L) evMaviv (M) jÿ¨v_© (N) evP¨v_©
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: evMaviv wZb cÖKvi| h_v:-
1. evP¨v_©K: †h mKj kã Zv‡ì AvwfavwbK A‡_© eëüZ nq, Zv‡K evP¨v_©K evMaviv e‡j| †hgb- KuvPv Avg
(Acwic° Avg)|
2. jÿ¨v_©K: †h mKj kã Zv‡ì AvwfavwbK A‡_© eëüZ bv n‡q, Ab¨ A_© eySvq Zv‡K jÿ¨v_©K evMaviv e‡j|
†hgb- Aa© P›`ª (Nvo av°v)|
3. e¨v½¨v_©: hLb †Kv‡bv kã ev kãmgwó evP¨v_© ev jÿ¨v_© cÖKvk bv K‡i Ab¨ GKwU bZzb Mfxi e¨Äbvc~Y© A_© cÖKvk
K‡i ZLb Zv‡K e¨v½¨v_© e‡j| †hgb- AKvj-Kz®§vÐ (Ac`v_©)|
02. cÖ‡Z¨K fvlviB KqwU †g․wjK Ask _v‡K?
(K) QqwU (L) cuvPwU (M) PviwU (N) wZbwU
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: cÖ‡Z¨K fvlvq †g․wjK Ask = 4wU (aŸwb, kã, evK¨, A_©)| cÖ‡Z¨K fvlvq †g․wjK iƒc = 2wU (•jwLK, †g․wLK)|
03. wb‡Pi †KvbwU we‡`wk Ae¨q kã?
(K) mnmv (L) Avi (M) •èvr (N) Lye
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv fvlvq Ae¨q kã i‡q‡Q 3 cÖKvi| h_v:- evsjv, Zrmg I we‡`wk|
evsjv Ae¨q kã: Avi, Avevi, I, nv, bv BZ¨vw`|
Zrmg Ae¨q kã: hw`, h_v, m`v, mnmv, nVvr, A_v©r, •èr, eis, cybð, AvcvZZ, e¯‧Z BZ¨vw`|
we‡`kx Ae¨q kã: Avjer, eûr, mvevk, Lye, Lvmv, gvBwi(cZz©wMR), gvinvev|
we‡kl `ªóe¨: Ae¨q kã ej‡j 3 cÖKvi| Avi Ae¨q c` ej‡j 4 cÖKvi|
04. Ae¨qxfve mgv‡mi D`vniY †KvbwU?
(K) AwnbKzj (L) Avgiv (M) DcK~j (N) eûeªxwn
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: †h mgv‡mi c~e©c` Ae¨q Ges c~e©c‡ì A_© cÖavb _v‡K Z‡e Zv‡K Ae¨qxfve mgvm e‡j| cÖavbZ Av, nv, Aby,
wbi, we, Dc, cÖwZ, Dr, wd, ni, †ivR, h_v cÖf…wZ Ae¨q hy³ nq| †hgb-
AvgiY = giY ch©šÍ AvKÉ = KÉ ch©šÍ AvKY© = KY© ch©šÍ AvRb¥ = Rb¥ ch©šÍ
AvRxeb = Rxeb ch©šÍ Avg~j = g~j ch©šÍ Avcv`g¯ÍK=cv n‡Z g¯ÍK ch©šÍ Avjybx = by‡bi Afve
nv fvZ = fv‡Zi Afve nv Ni = N‡ii Afve DcK~j = K~‡ji mgx‡c DcKÉ = K‡Éi mgx‡c
DcbMix = bMixi mgx‡c DcØxc = Øx‡ci m`„k DcmvMi = mvM‡ii m`„k Dceb = e‡bi m`„k
Dcfvlv = fvlvi m`„k DcK_v = K_vi Abyiƒc cÖwZK~j = K~‡ji wecixZ cÖwZw`b = w`b w`b
cÖwZRb = Rb Rb cÖwZÿY = ÿY ÿY cÖwZM„n = M„n M„n ni‡ivR = †ivR †ivR
wd eQi = eQi eQi Miwgj = wg‡ji Afve wbivwgl = Avwg‡li Afve wekÖx = kÖxi Afve
h_vixwZ = ixwZ‡K AwZµg bv K‡i; h_vmva¨ = mva¨‡K AwZµg bv K‡i; h_vkv¯¿ = kv¯¿‡K AwZµg bv K‡i
h_v‡hvM¨ = ‡hvM¨‡K AwZµg bv K‡i; h_vkw³ = kw³‡K AwZµg bv K‡i; h‡_”Qv = B”Qv‡K AwZµg bv K‡i|
TechniQue: Ae¨qxfve mgvm
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e- (A, Abv, m, my, †e, bv, wb) DcmM© hy³ kã Ges cÖvw` mgv‡mi D`vniY¸‡jv ev‡` mKj DcmM©
hy³ kã n‡e Ae¨qxfve mgvm| Ôh_vÕ hy³ kãI Ae¨qxfve mgvm|
GLv‡b, Awn-bKzj = Awn I bKzj (we‡ivav_©K Ø›Ø); Avgiv = Zzwg, Avwg I †m (wbZ¨)/ Zzwg, †m I Avwg (GK‡kl
Ø›Ø); eûeªxwn = eû eªxwn (avb) Av‡Q hvi (eûeªxwn)|
05. ÒZzwg wK K_vwU ï‡bQÓ - G ev‡K¨ ÔwKÕ kãwU eëüZ n‡q‡Q-
(K) me©bvg wn‡m‡e (L) cÖkœ‡evaK wPý wn‡m‡e (M) Ae¨q wn‡m‡e (N) we‡klY wn‡m‡e
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv GKv‡Wwg cÖYxZ evsjv evbv‡bi wbqg Abyhvqx me©bvg, we‡klY I wµqv-we‡klY cìƒ‡c ÔKxÕ kãwU C-Kvi
w`‡q †jLv n‡e| †hgb:- Kx KiQ? GUv Kx eB? Kx K‡i n‡e? Ab¨ †ÿ‡Î Ae¨q cìƒ‡c B-Kvi w`‡q ÔwKÕ kãwU †jLv
n‡e| †hgb:- ZzwgI wK hv‡e? †m wK G‡mwQj? g‡b ivLvi myweav‡_©: †h cÖ‡kœi DË‡i nüv ev bv DËi †`qv hvq †m‡ÿ‡Î
ÔwKÕ n‡e| nüv ev bv DËi †`qv bv †M‡j ÔKxÕ n‡e|
06. ÔAvgvi hvIqv n‡e bvÕ GwU †Kvb evP¨?
(K) KZ…©evP¨ (L) Kg©evP¨ (M) fveevP¨ (N) Kg©KZ…e© vP¨
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: fve ev‡Pï wµqv me©`vB bvg cyiæ‡li nq| fveev‡Pï KZv©q lôx, wØZxq I Z…Zxqv wefw³ nq| †hgb- Avgv‡K
(KZv©q wØZxqv) GLb †h‡Z n‡e| Avgvi (KZv©q lôx) hvIqv n‡e bv| (bvg cyiæ‡li wµqv )
evP¨ msµvšÍ we¯ÍvwiZ †`L‡Z †`Lyb Ò‡kl cÖni - 09Ó Gi 01 bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v|
07. Ôcwic~Y©Õ kãwU‡Z DcmM© Ôc~Y©Õ k‡ãi †Kvb ai‡bi cwieZ©b mvab K‡i‡Q?
(K) bZzb A_©‡evaK kã •Zix (L) k‡ãi A‡_©i c~Y©Zv mvab
(M) k‡ãi A‡_©i m¤úªmviY (N) k‡ãi A‡_©i ms‡KvPb
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: DcmM© k‡ãi cwieZ©b K‡i 5 ai‡bi| h_v:
1. bZzb A_©‡evaK kã •Zix K‡i; 2. k‡ãi A‡_©i c~Y©Zv mvab K‡i;
3. k‡ãi A‡_©i m¤úªmviY NUvq; 4. k‡ãi A‡_©i ms‡KvPb NUvq;
5. k‡ãi A‡_©i cwieZ©b NUvq|
Ôc~Y©Õ (fiv) fiv k‡ãi Av‡M ÔcwiÕ †hvM Kivq cwic~Y© nj| GwU c~Y© k‡ãi m¤úmvwiZ iƒc (A‡_© I AvK„wZ‡Z)|
08. ÔR‣bKÕ kãwUi mwÜ we‡”Q`-
(K) Rb +BK (L) Rb + GK (M) R‣b + GK (N) Rb + CK
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: mwÜ k‡ãi gvSvgvwS hw` ÔHÕ Kvi _v‡K Zvn‡j Zvi we‡”Q‡` ÔHÕ Kv‡ii eY© ch©šÍ c~e©eZ©x As‡k Ges ÔHÕ Kvi
cieZ©x As‡ki mvg‡b ÔG/JÕ Kvi wn‡m‡e e‡m| A_©vr- H = A/Av + G/ H| †hgb:-
R‣bK = Rb + GK g‣ZK = gZ + GK wn‣Zlx = wnZ + Glx m‣e©e = me© + Ge
g‣nk¦h© = gnv + Hk¦h© ci‣gk¦h© = cig + Hkh© AZz‣jk¦i = AZzj + Hk¦h© m‣è = m`v + Ge
09. Ôc~RKÕ k‡ãi mwVK cÖK…wZ cÖZ¨q †KvbwU?
(K) √cuywR + AK (L) √cu~wR + YK (M) √cu~Rx + AK (N)√cu~Rx + bK
KviK = √K… + YK aviK = √a„ + YK `k©K = √`„k& + YK
wkÿK = √wkÿ& + YK cvVK = √cV& + YK ¯§viK = √¯§„ + YK
AK YK/AK bvqK = √bx + YK K…lK = √K…l& + YK c~RK = √c~uwR + YK
SjK = √Rj>Sj + YK RbK = √Rwb + YK PvjK = √Pj& + YK
‡gvoK = √gyo& + YK ¯ÍveK = √¯‧ + YK NvZK = √nb& + YK
MvqK = √‣M + YK ‡jLK = √wjL& + YK MÖvnK = √MÖn& + YK|
10. evsjv eY©gvjvq Amshy³ e‡Y©i msL¨v KqwU?
(K) 39 wU (L) 50 wU (M) 31 wU (N) 36 wU
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv eY©gvjvq †h 50 wU ¯^vfvweK eY© Av‡Q †m¸‡jv‡KB ejv nq Amshy³ eY©|
11. ÔePbÕ A_© wK?
(K) msL¨vi aviYv (L) MYbvi aviYv (M) µ‡gi aviYv (N) cwigv‡ci aviYv
 ePb e¨vKvi‡Yi GKwU cvwifvwlK kã| Gi g~j kã - Bs‡iwR Number.
 ePb e¨vKvi‡Yi kãZ‡Ë¡ Av‡jvwPZ welq| ePb K…r cÖZ¨q mvwaZ kã| Gi we‡kølY iƒc- √eP& + Ab/ AbU&|
 ePb kãwUi A_© msL¨vi aviYv| ePb nq 2wU c‡ì we‡kl¨ I me©bvg|
 ePb nq bv 3wU c‡ì (we‡kl, Ae¨q I wµqv) c‡ì| ePb 2 cÖKvi cÖKvi (GK ePb I eûePb)|
 ePb cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ mgwó‡evaK kã eëüZ nq|
 mgwó‡evaK k‡ãi †ewkifvM ms¯‥…Z ev Zrmg fvlv †_‡K AvMZ|
jÿYxq: ePb †Kvb RvZxq ev †Kvb ai‡bi ej‡j DËi n‡e cvwifvwlK kã Ab¨_vq Zrmg/ms¯‥…Z kã|
12. ‡mwg‡Kvj‡bi evsjv Kx?
(K) Aa©‡”Q` (L) c~Y©‡”Q` (M) `„óvšÍ‡”Q` (N) cv`‡”Q`
hwZ wP‡ýi bvg evsjv iƒc Bs‡iRx iƒc
Kg cv`‡”Q`(mwÜ-cv`+‡Q`) Comma
‡mwg‡Kvjb Aa©‡”Q`(mwÜ-Aa©+‡Q`) Semicolon
ùvwo c~Y©‡”Q`(mwÜ-c~Y+© ‡Q`) Full Stop
A_© msKjb: cv` - cv, PiY|
13. ÔKzj Kv‡Vi Av¸bÕ-evMavivwUi mwVK A_© Kx?
(K) mxwgZ Ávbm¤úbœ (L) w`‡knviv n‡q cov (M) fv‡Mï wbôziZv (N) Zxeª R¡vjv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: K~cgÐzK - NiKz‡bv, mxwgZ Ávbm¤úbœ; AÜKvi †`Lv - w`‡knviv n‡q cov; A`„‡ói cwinvm - fv‡Mï wbôziZv -
Kzj Kv‡Vi Av¸b- Zxeª R¡vjv|
14. Ô`ª‡eï ¸Y Rvb‡Z nqÕ-G ev‡K¨ Ô¸YÕ kãwU Kx A‡_© eëüZ n‡q‡Q?
(K) wµqv (L) ag© (M) DrKl© (N) DcKvi
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ¸Y- ag© - `ª‡eï ¸Y Rvb‡Z nq|
DcKvi - wkÿvi ¸Y A‡bK|
wµqv - Ily‡a ¸Y K‡i‡Q|
`wo - gvwSiv †b․Kvi ¸Y ‡U‡b G‡m‡Q|
DrKl© - Zzwg †Zv wb‡Ri ¸Y KxZ©b KiQ|
15. fwel¨rKv‡ji AbyÁvq †Kvb cyiæl eëüZ nq bv?
(K) DËg cyiæl (L) ga¨g cyiæl (M) bvg cyiæl (N) Kvj cyiæl
 DËg cyiæ‡li AbyÁv c` nq bv, KviY †KD wb‡R‡K Av‡`k Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
 AcÖZ¨ÿ e‡j bvg cyiæ‡li AbyÁv nq bv, Z‡e GB gZ mK‡j mg_©b K‡i bv|
 fwel¨r Kv‡ji AbyÁvq DËg cyiæl eëüZ nq bv|
16. Ô‡niÕ †Kvb cÖKv‡ii avZz?
(K) mvwaZ (L) ms¯‥…Z (M) AÁvZg~j (N) evsjv
 we‡`wk avZzi †ewkifvM AvMZ cÖavbZ wnw›` I K¡wPr Aviwe, dviwm fvlv †_‡K|
 ÒgvMÓ avZzwU AvMZ wnw›` ÔgvO&ÕÕ kã †_‡K|
 Ô‡niÕ avZzwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ GwU Rvbv hvq wb| ZvB GwU AÁvZg~j avZz|
17. ÔgyL †hb cÙ dzjÕ- G ev‡K¨ Ô‡hbÕ Ae¨qwU Kx A‡_© eënvi n‡q‡Q?
(K) Dcgvq (L) Zzjbvq (M) Abygv‡b (N) we¯§‡q
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: GKB Ae¨q k‡ãi wewfbœ A‡_© eënvi-
Ae¨q A_© D`vniY A_© D`vniY
‡hb Dcgvq gyL †hb cÙ dzj| Abygvb ‡jvKUv‡K †hb Avgvi cwiwPZ g‡b nj
cÖv_©bvq ‡Lv`v †hb †Zvgvi g½j K‡ib| mZ©KxKiY mveav‡b Pj, †hb cv wcQ‡j bv c‡o|
e¨½ cÖKvk ‡Q‡j‡Zv bq, †hb bbxi cyZzj| Zzjbvq Bm& VvÐv †hb eid|
18. Awfav‡b ÔÿÕ eY© †Kv_vq _v‡K?
(K) ÔLÕ e‡Y©i c‡i (M) ÔlÕ e‡Y©i AšÍM©Z fzw³ wn‡m‡e
(L) ÔnÕ e‡Y©i c‡i (N) ÔKÕ e‡Y©i AšÍM©Z fzw³ wn‡m‡e
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔÿÕ hy³eY©wUi we‡køwlZ iƒc K& + l| Awfav‡b ÔÿÕ eY©wU ÔKÕ Gi fzw³ wn‡m‡e e‡m|
Awfav‡bi eY©vbyµwgK †Ìqv nj- A Av B C D E F G H I J
st u
KLMNO PQRST UVWoXpY Zr_àb cdefg
hqij klmn
19. mvay I PwjZ fvlvi cv_©K¨ †Kvb †Kvb c‡` †ewk?
(K) we‡kl¨ I me©bvg c‡` (L) we‡klY I wµqvc‡` (M) me©bvg I wµqvc‡` (N) Ae¨q I wµqvc‡`
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: mvay I PwjZ fvlvi cv_©K¨-
mvay PwjZ
 mvay fvlvq me©bvg I wµqvc` c~Y©iƒ‡c nq|  PwjZ fvlvq me©bvg I wµqvc` mswÿß iƒ‡c nq|
 mvay fvlv Zrmg kãeûj nq|  PwjZ fvlv Z™¢e kãeûj nq|
 e³…Zv, AvjvcPvwiZv I bvU¨msjv‡c Abyc‡hvMx|  e³…Zv, AvjvcPvwiZv I bvU¨msjv‡c †ewk Dc‡hvMx|
 mvay fvlv ¸iæM¤¢xi I AvwfRv‡Zï AwaKvix  PwjZ fvlv mnR‡eva¨|
20. wb‡Pi †Kvb evbvbwU ï×-
(K) `vwi`ª¨Zv (L) ¯^vZš¿¨ (M) •`b¨ (N) `xbZv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: cÖZ¨qRwbK fzj-
k‡ãi cÖ_‡g Av, Avi, H, J Ges k‡ãi †k‡l ÔZv/Z¡Õ Gi Av‡M h/¨-djv _vK‡j Zv cÖZ¨qRwbZ fzj n‡e| †hgb:-
fzj ï× fzj ï×
`vwi`ª¨Zv `vwi`ª¨/ `wi`ªZv ¯^vZš¿¨Zv ¯^vZš¿¨/ ¯^Zš¿Zv
fvimvg¨Zv fvimvg¨ ‣ewPÎ¨Zv ‣ewPÎ¨/ wewPÎZv
‣`b¨Zv ‣`b¨/ `xbZv ‡`․e©j¨Zv ‡`․e©j¨/ `ye©jZv
‡m․›`h©Zv ‡m․›`h© mvg_©¨Zv mvg_©¨
‡m․Rb¨Zv ‡m․Rb¨ h_v_©¨Zv h_v_©¨/ h_v_©Zv
‡kl cÖni - 12
01. ÔevwM¥ZvÕi ï× D”PviY-
(K) evM&wMZv (L) evM&wMuZv (M) evMwguZv (N) evM&wgZv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv fvlvq c‡ì g‡a¨ wKsev A‡šÍ me©Î ÔgÕ djv hy³ e¨ÄbeY©wUi wØZ¡ D”PviY nq bv (M, O, U, Y, g, j)
mshy³ ÔgÕ D”Pvi‡Y AweK…Z _v‡K| †hgb:- evM¥x (evM&wg), KzU¥j (KzU&gj&), hyM¥ (hyM&‡gv), lvY¥vwmK (kvb&gvwkK&)|
A_© msKjb: evM¥x - mye³v, evKcUz; KzU¥j - Kzuwo, gyKzj; hyM¥ - †Rvov, hyMj; lvY¥vwmK - Qq gvm ci ci N‡U ev cÖKvwkZ nq
Ggb, cÖwZ Qqgv‡m KiYxq Ggb|
02. ÔmsweavbÕ kãwUi mwÜ we‡”Q` †KvbwU-
(K) mg + weavb (L) ms + Aweav (M) mg& + weavb (N) ms + weavb
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: bvwmK¨ aŸwb (O, T, Y, b, g) / (s) _vK‡j Zvi ¯’‡j (g&) n‡e| ‡hgb:
k¼v = kg& + Kv mÜvb = mg& + avb mbœ¨vm = mg& + b¨vm m›`k©b = mg& + `k©b
mÂq = mg& + Pq mšÍvc = mg& + Zvc eiÂ = eig& + P ciš‧ = cig& + Zz
¯^qseiv = ¯^qg& + eiv msjvc = mg& + jvc msMZ = mg+ MZ wKsev = wKg& + ev
msL¨v = mg& + L¨v me©smnv = me©g& + mnv msMVb = mg& + MVb msKxY© = mg& + KxY©
mskq = mg& + kq AnsKvi = Ang& + Kvi msNvZ = mg& + NvZ msiÿY = mg& + iÿY
msev` = mg& + ev` `skb = `g& + kb msmvi = mg& + mvi evisevi = evig& + evi
ms‡hvM = mg& + †hvM ms‡hvRb = mg& + †hvRb ms‡kvab = mg& + †kvab mseiY = mg& + eiY
e¨wZµg: g„b¥q = g„r + gq, Zb¥q = Zr + gq, Zb¥‡a¨ = Zr + g‡a¨, wPb¥q = wPr + gq|
03. ‡Kvb PviwU DcmM© LvuwU evsjv I Zrmg Dfq †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq?
(K) my, we, wb, Dr (L) my, Awc, wb, Av (M) my, we, wb, Av (N) Dc, we, wb, Av
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv I Zrmg Dfq Dcm‡M© wgj Av‡Q 4 wU| h_v- Av, my, we, wb (Avmywewb)| evsjv DcmM© mvaviYZ hy³ nq
evsjv k‡ãi c~‡e© Avi Zrmg DcmM© mvaviYZ hy³ nq ms¯‥…Z k‡ãi c~‡e©|
04. ÔD‡ØjÕ kãwU Kx A‡_© Ae¨qxfve mgvm?
(K) weáv A‡_© (L) AbwZµg¨Zv A‡_© (M) mvgxc¨ A‡_© (N) AwZµvšÍ A‡_©
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: c~e©c‡` Ae¨q‡hv‡M wb®úbœ mgv‡m hw` Ae¨‡qi A‡_©iB cÖvavb¨ _v‡K Zvn‡j Zv‡K Ae¨qxfve mgvm e‡j| †hgb:
Rvby ch©šÍ jw¤^Z = ARvbyjw¤^Z (ch©šÍ k‡ãi Ae¨q Av); giY ch©šÍ = AvgiY, KÉ ch©šÍ = AvKô
A_© Ae¨q D`vniY A_© Ae¨q D`vniY
mvgxc¨ Dc K‡Éi mgx‡c = DcKÉ ÿz`ª Dc DcMÖn, Dcb`x
K~‡ji mgx‡c = DcK~j
mv`„k¨ Dc kn‡ii m`„k = Dckni AwZµvšÍ Dr ‡ejv‡K AwZµvšÍ = D‡Øj
e‡bi m`„k = Dceb k„•Ljv‡K AwZµvšÍ = D”Q…•Lj
MÖ‡ni Zzj¨ (m`„k) = DcMÖn
L
05. ‡Kvb aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi mgq ¯îZš¿x †ewk AbyiwYZ nq?

(K) A‡Nvl (L) †Nvl (M) AícÖvY (N) gnvcÖvY
 †h aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi mgq ¯îZš¿x AbyiwYZ nq bv, Zv‡K ejv nq A‡Nvl aŸwb| †hgb: K, L, P, Q BZ¨vw`|
 †h aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi mgq ¯îZš¿x AbyiwYZ nq, Zv‡K ejv nq ‡Nvl aŸwb| †hgb: M, N, R, S BZ¨vw`|
 †h aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi mgq evZv‡mi Pv‡ci ¯^íZv _v‡K, Zv‡K ejv nq AícÖvY aŸwb| †hgb: K, M, P, R BZ¨vw`|
 †h aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi mgq evZv‡mi Pv‡ci AvwaK¨ _v‡K, Zv‡K ejv nq gnvcÖvY aŸwb| †hgb: L, N, Q, S BZ¨vw`|
06. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm?
(K) wcÖqse`v (L) cÖvYfq (M) gyjåô (N) beiZœ
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Dcc` Zrcyiæl- †h c‡ì cieZ©x wµqvg~‡ji mv‡_ K…r cÖZ¨q hy³ nq Zv‡K Dcc` e‡j| K…`šÍ c‡ì mv‡_
Dcc‡ì †h mgvm nq Zv‡K Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm e‡j| †hgb:- RjPi = R‡j P‡i hv , c¼R = c‡¼ R‡b¥ hv,
MjvKvUv = Mjv Kv‡U †h, c‡KUgvi = c‡KU gv‡i †h| Giƒc avgvaiv, mZëv`x, B›`ªwRr, M„n¯ , †Q‡jaiv, Ni†cvov,
cvZvPvUv, nvofv½v, gvwQgviv, Qvi‡cvKv, eY©‡Pviv, MjvKvUv, cv-PvUv, cvov‡eovbx BZ¨vw`| GLv‡b, cÖvYfq = cÖvY hvIqvi
Z‡i fq (ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq); gyjåó = gyj †_‡K åô = gyj n‡Z åó (5gx Zrcyiæl); beiZœ = be i‡Zœi mgvnvi (wØ¸)|
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e- †h mKj GK K_vq cÖKv‡ki †k‡l Ô†h/hvÕ _vK‡e †m¸‡jv meB Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm|
07. ÒAvgvi ü`q gw›`‡i Avkvi exR Dß n‡jv|Ó- evK¨wU‡Z Kx †`vl †`Lv hvq?
(K) `y‡e©va¨Zv (L) Dcgvi fzj cÖ‡qvM (M) ¸iæPÐvjx (N) evûj¨ †`vl
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡hvM¨Zvi mv‡_ 6wU welq RwoZ| h_v:
K. ixwZwm× A_©evPKZv: Ggb A‡bK kã Av‡Q hvi cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q MZ A_© GKiKg Z‡e Zv ev¯Í‡e Ab¨ A_© cÖKvk
K‡i| †hgb:
kã ixwZwm× A_© cÖK…wZ cÖZ¨q cÖK…wZ + cÖZ¨q RvZ A_©
evwaZ AbyM„nxZ ev K…ZÁZv eva& + BZ evav cÖvß
•Zj wZj RvZxq we‡kl †Kv‡bv k‡mï im wZj& + ò wZj RvZ †¯œn c`v_©
L. `y‡ev©a¨Zv: AcÖPwjZ ev `y‡e©va¨ kã eënvi Ki‡j ev‡Kï ‡hvM¨Zv webó nq| †hgb: Zzwg Avgvi m‡½ cÖcÂ K‡i‡Qv
(cÖcÂ kãwUi A_© PvZzix ev gvqv A‡_© wKš‧ evsjvq G kãwU AcÖPwjZ)|
M. evûj¨ †`vl: cÖ‡qvR‡bi AwZwi³ kã MVb Kiv‡K evûj¨ †`vl e‡j| †hgb: †`‡ki me Av‡jgMYB G e¨vcv‡i GKgZ
n‡q‡Qb| ÒAv‡jgMYÓ eûePbevPK kã| Gi m‡½ ÒmeÓ kãwUi AwZwi³ eënvi evûj¨ †`vl m„wó K‡i‡Q|
N. evMavivi kã cwieZ©b: evMaviv fvlv we‡k‡li HwZn¨| Gi h‡_ó cwieZ©b Ki‡j kã Zvi ‡hvM¨Zv nvivq| †hgb:
ÔAi‡Y¨ †iv`bÕ hvi A_© n‡”Q Ôwbõj Av‡e`bÕ| Gi cwie‡Z© hw` ejv nq Òe‡b µ›`bÓ Z‡e evMavivwU Zvi †hvM¨Zv
nviv‡e|
O. Dcgvi fzj cÖ‡qvM: wVKfv‡e Dcgv AjsKvi eënvi bv Ki‡j †hvM¨Zvi nvwb N‡U| †hgb: Avgvi ü`q-gw›`‡i Avkvi
exR Dß n‡jv| exR †ÿ‡Z ecb Kiv nq, gw›`‡i bq| ZvB evK¨wU nIqv DwPr wQj- Avgvi ü`q †ÿ‡Î Avkvi exR Dß
n‡jv|
P. ¸iæPÐvjx †`vl: Zrmg k‡ãi m‡½ †`wkq k‡ãi cÖ‡qvM KLbI ¸iæPÐvjx †`vl m„wó K‡i| †hgb: Miæi Mvox, ke`vn,
gov‡cvov BZ¨vw` kã¸‡jvi ¯ ‡j h_vµ‡g Miæi kKU, ke‡cvov I gov`vn k‡ãi eënvi ¸iæPÐvjx †`vl m„wó K‡i|
A_© msKjb: cÖcÂ - gvqv, åg, wg_¨v; AiY¨ - eb; †iv`b - Kvbœv, µ›`b; kKU - Mvwo; `vn - `nb, R¡vjv|
08. Ò‡MvUv †`kUvB QviLvi n‡q †M‡Q|Ó GLv‡b Ô‡MvUvÕ †Kvb A‡_© eëüZ n‡q‡Q?
(K) wbw`©ó (L) Awbw`©ó (M) mywbw`©ó (N) wbi_©K
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Ô†MvUvÕ c`vwkÖZ wb‡`©kKwU ePb‡evaK k‡ãi Av‡M e‡m| †MvUv Awbw`©óZv cÖKvk K‡i (me©`v)| †hgb: ‡MvUv
†`kUvB QviLvi n‡q ‡M‡Q| †MvUv `‡kK Avg Avb| †MvUv`yB Kgjv †jey Av‡Q|
09. Zrmg k‡ã †Kvb eM©xq e‡Y©i m‡½ hy³ ÔbÕ KL‡bv ÔYÕ nq bv?
(K) K (L) P (M) U (N) Z
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Z- eM©xq e‡Y©i mv‡_ hy³ Ae¯ vq memgq `šÍ¨ (b) nq KL‡bvB Y nq bv| ‡hgb: AšÍ, `šÍ¨, cÖvšÍ, MÖš , µ›`b,
e„šÍ, †jšÍ, e„›`| mgvme× k‡ã mvaviYZ (Y-Z¡) weavb Lv‡U bv| ZLb (b) nq - wÎbqb, me©bvg, `yb©xwZ, `yb©vg, `ywb©evi,
ciwb›`v, AMÖbvqK|
10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wgkÖ wµqvi D`vniY?
(K) Avgiv ZvRgnj `k©b Kijvg (L) GLb †h‡Z cvi
(M) gv wkï‡K Puv` †`Lv‡”Q (M) ARMiwU †duvmv‡”Q
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: wgkª wµqv: we‡kl¨, we‡klY I ab¨vZ¥K Ae¨‡qi Gi mv‡_ (Ki&, ai&, gvi&, Qvo&, n&, †`, cv, KvU&, Lv, hv) BZ¨vw`
avZz †hv‡M MwVZ wµqv‡K wgkÖ wµqv e‡j| †hgb:-
we‡k‡lï ci: Avgiv ZvRgnj `k©b Kijvg| GLb †Mvjøvq hvI|
we‡kl‡Yi ci: †Zvgv‡K †`‡L we‡kl cÖxZ njvg|
ab¨vZ¥K Ae¨‡qi ci: gv_v wSgwSg Ki‡Q| SgSg K‡i e„wó co‡Q|
11. evsjv fvlvq ZvwiL evPK kã †gvU KqwU?
(K) 30 wU (L) 31 wU (M) 29 wU (N) 32 wU
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv ZvwiL evPK kã Av‡Q 32 wU| 31 wU n‡e bv; KviY ‣R¨ô gvm 32 w`‡b nq| AZGe, †gvU ZvwiL evPK
kã Av‡Q 32 wU| Gi g‡a¨ c‡njv / cqjv, †`vmiv, †Zmiv, †P․Vv G‡m‡Q wnw›` fvlv †_‡K| Avi 5B †_‡K 32‡k ch©šÍ
me evsjv fvlvq|
12. ÒwLwjcvb w`‡q Ilya Lv‡e|Ó -ev‡K¨ wLwjcvb w`‡q ‡Kvb Kvi‡K †Kvb wefw³?
(K) AwaKi‡Y k~Y¨ (L) AwaKi‡Y 3qv (M) Ki‡Y 3qv (N) Ki‡Y 7gx
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: A‡b‡KB GUv‡K KiY KviK e‡j g‡b K‡ib Giƒc wPšÍv K‡i †h, Ilya LvIqvi DcKiY n‡”Q wLwjcvb| wKš‧ GUv
fzj| Avm‡j GLv‡b wLwjcvb DcKiY wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq wb; ¯ vb wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡q‡Q hvi g‡a¨ Ilya i‡q‡Q A_© vr
AwaKiY|
13. ÔPkgvÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã?
(K) †`wk (L) Zrmg (M) dviwm (N) cZz©wMR
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: dviwm kã-
‣`bw›`b Rxe‡b m¤ú„³ kã: A›`‡i †gviM Gi AvIqvR| mvd Avmgv‡b mv`v, nvRvi iKg cix‡Z gyjøyK †ivkbvB| Bqvi
(eÜz) wR` K‡i `vMv w`‡j nRg Ki‡ZB nq| AvenvIqvi Mig| KviLvbvi PvKi †eKze wgquv Rj`x n¯Ív Pvq| †LvivK
ìKvi| †`vKv‡b `vbv bv wb‡j e¾vZ Rv‡bvqvi IR‡b Kg ‡`q| gReyZ e‡›`ve¯Í ìæb †ckv cQ›`| evnev Av‡Q; dzimr
†bB| nuywkqvi! `Lj RvnvR Zjøvkx n‡”Q| K`g Kvq`v K‡i †Kvgi a‡i `g ¸Rivb Ki‡Q| †bnvr ûRyM|
wejvm`ªe¨ evPK kã: †Mvjvc wRb Rixi Rvgv cvRvgv AvPKvb, gKg‡ji PvcKvb c‡i widz Kiv †ik‡gi iægvj wb‡q
AvZi AviK mygv© †g‡L Pkgv c†i K‡b evwo G‡m‡Q| AvZmevRx n‡”Q kvbvB evR‡Q| evi‡Kv‡l gq`v, wgQwi ev`vg
wKkwgk gkjv w`‡q •Zix nvjyqv; MR (eo) †iKv‡e †cvjvI, Lvmx, Av½yi, ZigyR †L‡Z w`‡q‡Q| KmvB LvZvi KvM‡R
Kzjyc K‡i ZvwKqvq ‡njvb w`‡q `¯Ívbv c‡i `yiwe‡b `vjvb ‡`L‡Q Avi nuyKv Uvb‡Q| Lvbmvgv ZKgv Gu‡U kvj Mv‡q ci`v
K‡i evwMPvi div‡m e‡m Avqbv ‡`L‡Q| †gR (`v) eyjeyj wm›`yK †_‡K wkwk wb‡q gjg gvLv‡”Q|
ag©msµvšÍ: bvgvR †ivRv Ki‡j †e‡nkZ, ¸bvn Ki‡j ‡`vhL wjL‡e †d‡ikZviv| Avi cqM¤î †Lv`vi Kv‡Q ¸bvn gv‡ci
ïcvwik Ki‡e|
Ab¨vb¨ kã: bI‡Rvqvb cv‡jvqvb Zxiaby‡K bv †c‡i ek©vq Li‡Mvk gvi‡jv| eM©xi Av¯Ívbvq eviæ‡ì mv‡_ GKZviv,
†`vZiv, †mZviv, †eZvi, evwjk cvIqv †Mj| e‡b`x AvdMvb mv‡is‡K digvb w`‡jb- gv¯Ívbx isevR ev` w`‡q †bvOi
Zz‡j †ZRx `wiqvq fvwm‡q ciPv ‡Q‡o hvI| dwiqv‡` I †Zvlv‡gv`x K‡iI eiLv¯Í †c‡jv bv| Ae‡k‡l kig fz‡j jvj
kvjMg I wbgdj †L‡q w`b KvU‡jv| - Ry‡qj wKewiqv m¨vi (27Zg wewmGm - wkÿv K¨vWvi)
A_© msKjb: A›ì - Af¨šÍi, AšÍtcyi|
14. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mgv_©K kã bq?
(K) Dlv (L) cÖ‡`vl (M) cÖZz¨l (N) myen
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Dlv, cÖZz¨l, myen - GB wZbwUi A_© n‡”Q mKvj| Avi cÖ‡`vl A_© n‡”Q mÜ¨v|
15. ÒmK‡ji Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨Ó-GK K_vq Kx e‡j?
(K) me©Rwbb (L) mve©Rwbb (M) mve©Rbxb (N) me©Rbxb
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: me©Rbxb I mve©Rbxb kã `ywUi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨-
Ôme©RbxbÕ k‡ãi A_© Ôme©mvavi‡Yi Rb¨ AbywôZ, mK‡ji Rb¨ g½jKi ev Kj¨vYKi, mevi Rb¨ wnZKi, mevi g½‡ji
Rb¨ K…Z, mK‡ji Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨/DwÏóÕ| ‡hgb: ÔgvbevwaKvi me©Rbxb AwaKvi wn‡me ¯^xK…Z|
Ab¨w`‡K, Ômve©RbxbÕ k‡ãi A_© Ômevi g‡a¨ cÖexY ev mevi g‡a¨ †kÖôÕ| ‡hgb:
(1) †bjmb †g‡Ûjv `w¶Y Avwd«Kvi GKRb mve©Rbxb †bZv|
(2) mve©Rbxb `yM©vc~Rvq Avcbv‡K ¯^vMZÕ| (evK¨wUi A_© n‡”Q: me©‡kÖô `yM©vc~Rvq Avcbv‡K ¯^vMZ|)
myZivs Ômevi wn‡Zi Rb¨Õ A‡_© ÔmK‡ji g‡a¨ cÖexY ev mevi g‡a¨ †kÖôÕ ejv we‡aq bq|
AwZwi³ K_v, Ôwek¦RbxbÕ k‡ãi A_© Ôwek¦R‡bi wnZKiÕ|
16. ‡Kvb †Rvov evMavivwU mgv_©K?
(K) Av`vq KuvPKjvq, Avgov Kv‡Vi †XuwK (L) AK~j cv_vi, AvKvk †f‡½ cov
(M) Avlv‡p Mí, AvKvk Kzmyg (N) kuv‡Li KivZ, G‡jvcv_vwo
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Av`vq KuvPKjvq- kÎæZv; Avgov Kv‡Vi †XuwK- Ac`v_©; AK~j cv_vi- fxlY wec`; AvKvk †f‡½ cov- fxlY wec‡`
cov; Avlv‡p Mí- AvR¸we †K”Qv; AvKvk Kzmyg- Am¤¢e Kíbv; kuv‡Li KivZ- Dfq msKU; G‡jvcv_vwo- wek„•Ljv|
17. ‡jvKwU RvwZ‡Z •eòe| †Kvb KviK?
(K) Kg© (L) KiY (M) Acv`vb (N) m¤úª`vb
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: RvwZi Øviv †m •eòe n‡q‡Q| Rb¥MZfv‡e mKj gvbyl GKB| cieZ©x‡Z Kv‡iv bv Kv‡iv Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡q wewfbœ
ag©, eY©, †MvÎ MÖnY K‡i| Z‡e G e¨vcv‡i evev-gv g~L¨ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K| RvwZ GLv‡b KiY KviK n‡e|
18. Z™¢e †Kvb ai‡bi kã?
(K) AvÂwjK (L) wnw›` (M) cvwifvwlK (N) ms¯‥…Z
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Z™¢e GKwU cvwifvwlK kã| Gi A_© ÔZrÕ (Zvi) †_‡K ÔfeÕ (Drcbœ)|
19. wb‡Pi †Kvb mwÜ we‡”Q`wU ï×?
Av`¨šÍ = Av`¨+AšÍ Av`¨vÿi = Avw`+Aÿi Av‡`¨vcvšÍ = Avw`+DcvšÍ (N) Av`¨vÿi = Av`¨+Aÿi
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: GB mwÜ we‡”Q`¸‡jv cÖPwjZ eB‡q mwVK we‡”Q` bv ‡Ìqvi d‡j mvaviY wkÿv_x©iv fzj `vMvq| Avmyb †`‡L
†bIqv hvK- Av`¨šÍ = Avw` + AšÍ (h/¨-djv = B-Kvi/C-Kvi wbq‡g ¯îmwÜ); Av`¨vÿi = Av`¨ + Aÿi (Av = A/Av
+ A/Av wbq‡g ¯îmwÜ); Av‡`¨vcvšÍ = Avw` + DcvšÍ (I = A/Av + D/E wbq‡g ¯îmwÜ)|
jÿYxq: GB wZbwU kã evbvb I mwÜwe‡”Q‡ì Rb¨ LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|
20. ‡KvbwU wbcvZ‡b wm× Zw×Z cÖZ¨q mvwaZ kã?
(K) MxwZ (L) †m․i (M) wmw× (N) eyw×
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: wbcvZ‡b wm× Zw×Z cÖZ¨q: m~h© + ò = †m․i|
wbcvZ‡b wm× K…r cÖZ¨q: MxwZ = ∙•M + wZ, wmw× = ∙wma& + wZ, eyw× = ∙eya& + wZ, kw³ = ∙kK& + wZ|
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: Avm‡e MxwZ‡Z wmw× hw` w`B kw³ Avi eyw×|
‡kl cÖni - 13
01. AbymM© †KvbwU?
(K) cv‡Q (L) gvqvKvbœv (M) nvwmnvwm (N) WuvB
DËi: (K)
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: AbymM© g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e-
cÖvY wcÖq.......,
‡Zvgvi bv‡g/ Z‡i/ cv‡b/ cÖwZ/ w`‡K wjLwQ †h, Zzwg Qvov/ wfbœ/ e¨ZxZ/ wen‡b/ webv Avwg Kvbv| Zzwg hLb Avgvi
mv‡_/ m‡½/ mwnZ/ mnKv‡i/ mn _vK ZLb AvKvk †_‡K/ n‡Z /nB‡Z bv‡g Awfkvc KviY †Zvgvi g‡a¨/ gv‡S/ gvSv‡i
Av‡Q Puv‡ì †P‡q/ A‡cÿv/ AwaK iƒc| †Zvgvi Rb¨/ R‡b¨B/ wbwg‡Ë/ †nZz Avgvi ü`q Øviv/ w`qv/ w`‡q/ KZ…K© we‡qi
Av‡Mi/ c~‡e©i/ cv‡Qi w`b ch©š/Í Aewa A‡cÿv Kie| Avgvi gZ †Zvgvi wbKU/ c‡ÿ KvD‡K cv‡ebv|
BwZ
‡Zvgvi †P‡qI wcÖq
ÒAbymM©Ó
Av‡iv wKQz kã: eB, Ici, c‡i, wfiZ, †fZi|
02. †KvbwU‡Z AccÖ‡qvM N‡U‡Q?
(K) Revew`wn (L) wg_w¯…qv (M) GKwÎZ (N) †M․iweZ
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: GKwÎZ/ GK‡Î: Zviv `yBRb GKwÎZ/GK‡Î Mgb Ki‡jb- cÖPwjZ n‡jI evK¨wU fzj| mwVK evK¨ n‡e-Zviv
`yRb GKÎ Mgb Ki‡jb|
03. Ôcy®ú‡m․ifÕ †Kvb mgv‡mi D`vniY?
(K) Zrcyiæl (L) Kg©aviq (M) Ae¨qxfve (N) eûeªxwn
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: mg¯Íc‡ì e¨vmevK¨ Kivi mgq lôx wefw³ (i, Gi) Avm‡j Zv n‡e lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm| †hgb:-
DcjLÐ = Dc‡ji LÐ Kg©KZ©v = K‡g©i K_v Kwe¸iæ = Kwe‡ì ¸iæ eªRmg = eª‡Ri mg
gvZ©ÐcÖvq = gvZ©‡Ði cÖvq cvlvY¯Í~c = cvlv‡Yi ¯Í~c RxebmÂvi=Rxe‡bi mÂvi SY©vaviv = SY©vi aviv
M„nKÎ©x = M„‡ni KÎ©x myLmgq = my‡Li mgq cÖvYea = cÖv‡Yi ea cy®úvÄwj = cy‡®úi AÄwj
fzRej = fz‡Ri ej ebg‡a¨ = e‡bi g‡a¨ cy®ú‡m․if=cy‡®úi †m․if fvivc©Y = fv‡ii Ac©Y
ivRbxwZ = bxwZi ivRv g„M wkï = g„Mxi wkï ‡Lqv NvU = †Lqvi NvU cyÎea~ = cy‡Îi ea~
PvevMvb = Pv‡qi evMvb ¸YMÖvg = ¸‡Yi MÖvg QvÎe„›` = Qv‡Îi e„›`|
04. Ôm‡`¨vRvZÕ k‡ãi ï× mwÜwe‡”Q` †KvbwU?
(K) mr + RvZ (L) m‡`¨v + RvZ (M) m`¨t + RvZ (N) m`¨ + RvZ
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: hw` (I Kv‡i-† v) _vK‡j we‡”Q‡` Zvi ¯’‡j (t) em‡e| †hgb:
g‡bvni = gbt + ni g‡bvniY = gbt + niY g‡bvig = gbt + ig g‡bvR = gbt + R
g‡bv‡gvnb=gbt+†gvnb e‡qve„w× = eqt + e„w× m‡`¨vRvZ = m`¨t + RvZ e‡qv‡R¨ô = eqt + †R¨ô
Z‡cveb = Zct + eb cy‡iveZ©x = cyit + eZ©x Z‡ZvwaK = ZZt + AwaK A‡avMwZ = Aat + MwZ
h‡kvjvf = hkt + jvf A‡avgyL = Aat + gyL wZ‡ivavb = wZit + avb g‡bv‡hvM = gbt + †hvM
05. wb‡Pi †Kvb evbvbwU ï×?
(K) wÎbqb I me©bvg (L) `ybx© wZ I `ybv© g (M) `ywb©evi I AMÖbvqK (N) Dc‡ii me¸‡jv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: wKQz mgvme× k‡ã Y-Z¡ weavb Lv‡U bv| A_©vr ÔbÕ nq| †hgb: wÎbqb, me©bvg, `ybx© wZ, `yb©vg, `ywb©evi, ciwb›`v,
AMÖbvqK BZ¨vw`| Z-eM©xq e‡Y©i m‡½ Y hy³ nq bv| A_©vr ÔbÕ nq| †hgb: AšÍ, MÖš , µ›`b BZ¨vw`|
06. ÔniZvjÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã?
(K) cZz©wMR (L) cvÄvwe (M) ¸RivwU (N) dviwm
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ¸RivwU kã: LÏi, niZvj| Pxbv kã: Pv, wPwb, jywP, wjPz| wmsnjx: wmWi|
gvqvbgvi kã: jyw½, dzw½ BZ¨vw`| ‡¯úwbk kã: ‡W½y|
iæk kã: ej‡kwfK| gvivwV kã: eiwM|
07. ÒBwZnvm wel‡q AwfÁ whwbÓ-Gi evK¨ ms‡ÿcY †KvbwU?
(K) HwZnvwmK (L) BwZnvm‡eËv (M) cÖZz¨rcbœgwZ (N) bvw¯ÍK
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: BwZnvm iPbv K‡ib whwb = HwZnvwmK| BwZnvm wel‡q AwfÁ whwb = BwZnvm‡eËv|
hvi Dcw¯ Z eyw× Av‡Q = cÖZz¨rcbœgwZ| Avcbv‡K †h cwÐZ g‡b K‡i = cwÐZ¤§b¨|
¯§„wZkv‡¯¿ cwÐZ whwb = kv¯¿Á| evKï‡Y cwÐZ whwb = •eqvKiY|
¯§„wZkv¯¿ iPbv K‡ib whwb = kv¯¿Kvi| whwb ¯§„wZkv¯¿ Rv‡bb = ¯§vZ©|
08. avZz †evSv‡Z †Kvb wPý e‡m?
(K) > (L) = (M) √ (N) -
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: e¨vKiwYK wPý †gvU 4 wU| h_v-
01. c~e©eZ©x kã †_‡K DrcwË †evSv‡Z: > 03. mgvb ev mg¯ÍevPK †evSv‡Z mgvb: =
02. cieZ©x kã †_‡K DrcwË †evSv‡Z: < 04. avZz †evSv‡Z: √
09. ÔSb SbÕ kãwU †h ai‡bi wØiæw³-
(K) Ae¨‡qi (L) c`vZ¥K (M) aŸb¨vZ¥K (N) wµqvi
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: aŸb¨vZ¥K wØiæw³ MVb-
1. GKB (aŸb¨vZ¥K) k‡ãi AweK…Z cÖ‡qvM: ae ae, Sb Sb, cU cU|
2. cÖ_g kãwUi †k‡l Av †hvM K‡i: cMvMc, UcvUc, cUvcU|
3. wØZxq kãwUi †k‡l B †hvM K‡i: aivawi, SgSwg, SbSwb|
4. hyM¥ixwZ‡Z MwVZ aŸb¨vZ¥K kã: wKwPi wgwPi (cvwL ev evb‡ii kã), Uvcyi Uzcyi (e„wó cZ‡bi kã), nvcym nycym
(†MvMÖv‡m wKQz LvIqvi kã)|
5. Avwb-cÖZ¨q †hv‡MI we‡kl¨ wØiæw³: cvwLUvi QUdUvwb †`L‡j Kó nq| †Zvgvi eKeKvwb Avi fvj Av‡M bv|
10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cÖZ¨qvšÍ eûeªxwn mgvm?
(K) Nigy‡Lv (L) Mv‡q njy` (M) †mZvi (N) `kMwR
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: cÖZ¨qvšÍ eûeªxwn: †h eûeªxwn mgv‡mi mg¯Íc‡ì †k‡l (Av, G, I) GB wZbwU cÖZ¨‡qi †h †Kvb GKwU _vK‡e
Zv‡K cÖZ¨qvšÍ eûeªxwn mgvm e‡j| †hgb: GKw`‡K †PvL (`„wó) hvi = GK‡PvLv (‡PvL + Av), N‡ii w`‡K gyL hvi =
Nigy‡Lv (gyL + I), `yB w`‡K Uvb Av‡Q hvi= †`vUvbv (Uvb + Av)| Giƒc- ‡`vZjv, †`vbjv, A‡K‡Rv, GK¸u‡q, GKN‡i,
EbcvRy‡i BZ¨vw`| GLv‡b, Mv‡q njy` = Mv‡q njy` †Ìqv nIqv †h Abyôv‡b (AjyK eûeªxwn); †mZvi = wZb Zvi Av‡Q hvi
(msL¨vevPK eûeªxwn); `kMwR = `k MR cwigvY Av‡Q hvi (msL¨vevPK eûeªxwn)|
11. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z e¨Äb Pz¨wZi cÖ‡qvM N‡U‡Q?
(K) ‡avcv > ‡avev (L) kixi > kixj (M) ¯‥zj > B¯‥zj (N) eDw`w` > eDw`w`
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: e¨Äb Pz¨wZ- cvkvcvwk mg D”Pvi‡Yi `y‡Uv e¨ÄbaŸwb _vK‡j Zvi GKwU †jvc †c‡j Zv‡K e¨Äb Pz¨wZ e‡j|
†hgb: eow`w` > eow`, eo`v`v > eo`v, †gRw`w` > ‡gRw`, †gR`v`v > †gR`v, eDw`w` > eDw`, †QvUKvKv >
†QvUKv, eoKvKv > eoKv BZ¨vw`|
12. ÔkÖeYÕ Gi cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q †KvbwU?
(K) √kÖeY + AbU& (L) √kÖæ + AbU& (M) √kÖx + Ab& (N) √kÖe + Ab
ePb = √eP& + AbU& `k©b = √`„k& + AbU& kÖeY = √kÖæ + AbU&
Ab AbU&/Ab Mgb = √Mg& + AbU& bqb = √bx + AbU& ¯§iY = √¯§„ + AbU&
f~lY = √f~l& + AbU& ågY = √åg& + AbU& ‡fvRb = √fyR& + AbU&
13. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cvwifvwlK kã?
(K) jyw½ (L) †eZvi (M) wKZve (N) Avbvim
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjvfvlvi †h mKj kã cvwifvwlK kã wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq-
A¤øRvb D`hvb bw_ cÖwkÿY ‡eZvi mwPe
mwPevjq ¯œvZK ¯œvZ‡KvËi mgvwß mvgwqKx mgxKiY
eë¯ vcK gnveë¯ vcK WvKNi gwš¿cwil`
Dch©y³ jyw½ kãwU gvqvbgvi ev ewg© fvlvi kã; wKZve - Aviwe; Avbvim - cZ©ywMR|
14. ÔRjÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K bq †KvbwU?
(K) mwjj (L) D`K (M) Rjwa (N) bxi
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Rj k‡ãi mgv_©K kãmg~n- A¤^y, D`K, Rxeb, cqt, A¤¢, ‡Zvq, mwjj, evwi, Ac&, bxi, cqt, cvwb, eviæY,
cÖvY`| GLv‡b, Rjwa - mgy`|ª
15. ÔGK †h wQj ivRvÕ Ñ GB ev‡K¨ Ô‡hÕ Gi e¨vKiwYK bvg Kx?
(K) Abš^qx Ae¨q (L) evK¨vsj¼vi Ae¨q (M) c`vš^qx Ae¨q (N) aŸb¨vZ¥K Ae¨q
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: K‡qKwU Ae¨q kã wbi_©Kfv‡e eëüZ n‡q ev‡Kï †kvfv ea©b K‡i, G‡ì evK¨vjsKvi ejv nq| †hgb: KZ bv
nviv‡bv ¯§„wZ Rv‡M AvRI g‡b| cÖ‡kœi Ô‡hÕ c‡ì mv‡_ ev‡Kï Ab¨ †Kv‡bv c‡ì m¤úK© †bB GwU †Kej ev‡Kï †m․›`h©
e„w× K‡i‡Q|
16. ‡KvbwU Kve¨MÖš’?
(K) †kl cÖkœ (L) †k‡li KweZv (M) †kl †jLv (N) behyM
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Kve¨MÖš’mg~n g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e-
†mRuywZi1938 †g‡q gvbmx1890 †ivMkh¨vq1940 †_‡K Av‡ivM¨1981 jvf K‡i mÂwqZvi1931 Rb¥w`‡b1941 gûqv1929 bv‡g
cybð1932 beRvZKwUi1940 gv_vi Pzj ejvKv1916 †eøW w`‡q †K‡U mvbvB evwR‡q wPÎv1896‡K †Lqv Nv‡U †mvbvi Zix‡Z1894
†i‡L Kzwo I †Kvgj1886 g‡b Kíbv1900 Ki‡Z Ki‡Z ÿwYKv‡ì1900 evwo‡Z iwe VvKz‡ii †kl †jLv1941 MxZvÄwj1910
Kve¨MÖš wU co‡Z †Mj|
17. ÔAw`wZÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã bq †KvbwU?
(K) c„_¡x (L) bxi (M) wÿwZ (N) Aebx
aiv, aiYx, awiÎx, aivZj, f~, f~gÐj, emyav, emygZx, emyÜiv, Aebx, wÿwZ, †gw`bx, gZ©¨‡jvK, AwLj, c„_¡x,
RMr, eª²vÐ, f~‡jvK, De©x, gnx, `ywbqv, wek¦, fzeb, gi‡jvK, msmvi, Rvnvb, gnxgÐj|
‡hfv‡e g‡b ivL‡eb: ai + Av, Yx, BÎx, AvZj = c„w_ex (A_©vr aiv, aiYx, awiÎx, aivZj)|
c„w_ex  f~ (c„w_ex) + gÐj, †jvK, wg = c„w_ex (A_©vr f~-gÐj, f~‡jvK, f~wg)|
 emy + av, gZx, Üiv = c„w_ex (A_©vr emyav, emygZx, emyÜiv)|
 AwLj Aebx‡K, gnx ‡gw`bxi mv‡_ De©x Rvnvb Ges c„_¡x emygZx‡K wb‡q emyÜiv wmwU‡Z Nyi‡Z †Mj|
18. ÒwbjvRÓ k‡ãi ÔwbÕ DcmM©wUÑ
(K) Aviwe (L) dviwm (M) evsjv (N) ms¯‥…Z
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Av, my, we, wb - hw` evsjv k‡ãi c~‡e© hy³ nq Z‡e Zv evsjv DcmM© Avi hw` Zrmg k‡ãi c~‡e© hy³ nq Zvn‡j
Zv Zrmg DcmM© wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| GLb, Avgiv hw` GKwU fvlvi DcmM© g‡b ivwL Zvn‡j Ab¨wU mn‡R †c‡i hve|
evsjv DcmM© ÔwbÕ: wb`q bv‡gi wbjvR ‡jvKwU wb‡iU †cø‡U wbLyuZ fv‡e †L‡q wbfuvR †c‡U wb‡LuvR n‡jv|
evsjv DcmM© ÔmyÕ: ‡jvKwU mybvg ï‡b mybRi †`qvi myLei ‡c‡q myw`b †`‡L myKvR †m‡i ‡dj‡jv|
evsjv DcmM© ÔAvÕ I ÔweÕ: GKw`b weKv‡j wef~uB AvKuvov, AvPvjv, AvQuvKv I Av‡avqv Pvj w`‡q Avjywb wLPzwo ivbœvi wedj
†Póv K‡i weKj n‡q AvKvVv I AvMvQv wb‡q AvKv‡ki w`‡K ZvwK‡q webvgv n‡q wec‡_ nvuUv w`j|
we‡kl `ªóe¨: gvK© Kiv kã¸‡jv Qvov evwK me Zrmg fvlvi kã n‡e beg-`kg †kÖwYi †evW© e¨vKiY eB‡qi Av‡jv‡K|
A_© msKjb: wbjvR - j¾vnxb; wb‡iU - Nb, RgvU; wbfuvR - ¸ß, GKvšÍ, weRb; wef~uB - Ab¨ †`k, we‡`k; webvgv - RyZv;
Avjywb(by‡bi Afve-Ae¨qxfve) - jeYnxb; wedj - wbi_©K, e¨_©, wbõj|
19. aŸwb Drcv`‡bi †ÿ‡Î gyLwenŸ‡i D”Pvi‡Yi g~j DcKiY ev D”PviK-
(K) wRnŸv I Iô (L) KÉ I wRnŸvg~j (M) AMÖ Zvjy (N) AMÖ `šÍg~j
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: aŸwb Drcv`‡bi †ÿ‡Î gyLwenŸ‡i D”Pvi‡Yi g~j DcKiY ev D”PviK wRnŸv I Iô| Avi D”Pvi‡Yi ¯ vb nj KÉ
ev wRnŸvg~j, AMÖZvjy, g~av© ev cðvr `šÍg~j, `šÍ ev AMÖ`šÍg~j, Iô BZ¨vw`|
20. ‡Kvb ev‡K¨ Ôweiw³ cÖKv‡kÕ Abš^qx Ae¨‡qi eënvi n‡q‡Q?
(K) Dt! cv‡q eÇ ‡j‡M‡Q (L) Zzwg GZ bxP †jvK Zv RvbZvg bv
(M) nv‡kg wKsev Kv‡kg Gi Rb¨ `vqx (N) Kx Avc`! †jvKUv †h wcQz Qv‡o bv
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Abš^qx Ae¨q-
D”Q¦vm cÖKv‡k : gwi gwi! wK my›ì cÖfv‡Zi iƒc|
¯^xK„wZ ev A¯^xK„wZ Ávc‡b : n¨vu, Avwg hve| bv, Avwg hve bv|
m¤§wZ cÖKv‡k : Avwg AvR AvjeZ hve| wbðqB cvie|
Aby‡gv`b evPKZvq : Avcwb hLb ej‡Qb, †ek †Zv Avwg hve|
mgv_©K m~PK Rev‡e : Avcwb Rv‡bb Zv †Zv wVKB e‡U|
m‡¤^va‡b : ÔI‡Mv, AvR †Zviv hvm‡b N‡ii evwn‡i|
hš¿Yv cÖKv‡k : Dt! cv‡q eÇ †j‡M‡Q| bvt! G Kó Amn¨|
N„Yv / weiw³ cÖKv‡k : wQ wQ, Zzwg GZ bxP! Kx Avc`! †jvKUv ‡h wcQz Qv‡o bv|
m¤¢vebv cÖKv‡k : msk‡q msKí m`v U‡j, cv‡Q †jv‡K wKQy e‡j|
evK¨vjsKvi Ae¨q : KZ bv nviv‡bv ¯§„wZ Rv‡M AvRI g‡b|
Ônvq‡i fvM¨, nvq‡i j¾v, †Kv_vq mfv, †Kv_vq m¾v|Õ
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: †h Ae¨q Øviv ev‡Kï A_© Mfxifv‡e cÖKvk Ki‡e ZvB n‡e Abš^qx Ae¨q| †hgb ejjvg ÔwK
my›ì cÖfv‡Zi iƒcÕ| GUv ej‡jI ev‡Kï A_© cÖKvk cv‡”Q wKšÍ Ôgwi gwi! wK my›ì cÖfv‡Zi iƒc ej‡j ev‡Kï A_©
Mfxifv‡e cÖKvk cv‡”Q| ZvB GLv‡b gwi gwi n‡e Abš^qx n‡e|
‡kl cÖni - 14
01. LvuwU evsjvq †Kvb mwÜ †bB?
(K) ¯î mwÜ (L) e¨Äb mwÜ (M) wemM© mwÜ (N) †KvbwUB bq
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv mwÜ 2 cÖKvi| h_v: ¯îmwÜ I e¨ÄbmwÜ| Avi Zrmg ev ms¯‥…Z mwÜ 3 cÖKvi| h_v: ¯îmwÜ, e¨Äb mwÜ
I wemM© mwÜ| GLv‡b, Zrmg = Zr + mg(e¨Äb mwÜ); ms¯‥…Z = mg& + K…Z(we‡kl wbq‡g e¨Äb mwÜ)|
02. Ô`yie¯’vÕ kãwUi mwÜ we‡”Q` Kiv n‡j bx‡Pi †KvbwU cvIqv hvq?
(K) `yi + e¯ v (L) `~i + e¯ v (M) `yi + Ae¯ v (N) `yt + Ae¯ v
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: hw` †Kvb mwÜ k‡ã i / †id ( © ) _vK‡j Zvi ¯’‡j (t) n‡e| †hgb:
Avkxe©v` = Avkxt + ev` `yie¯ v = `yt + Ae¯ v ‡R¨vwZwi›`ª=†R¨vwZt+B›`ª wbR©b = wbt + Rb
cybiwc = cybt + Awc cÖvZivk = cÖvZt + Avk cybivq = cybt + Avq wbY©q = wbt + bq
`ybv©g = `yt + bvg `yN©Ubv = `yt + NUbv `ybx©wZ = `yt + bxwZ AšÍi½ = AšÍt + A½
wbivKvi = wbt + AvKvi AšÍixc = AšÍt + Cc Anin = Ant + An `yR©b = `yt + Rb
wbivgq = wbt + Avgq wbivjq = wbt + Avjq PZzi½ = PZzt + A½ AšÍixÿ = AšÍt + Cÿ
ewni½ = ewnt + A½ Avwef©ve = Avwet + fve AšÍe©Z©x = AšÍt + eZ©x `yišÍ = `yt + AšÍ
e¨wZµg: bxie = wbt + ie; bxim = wbt + im; bxi³ = wbt + i³; bx‡ivM = wbt + †ivM; bxiÜ« = wbt + iÜ«|
A_© msKjb: cÖvZivk - mKvj †ejvi cÖ_g Avnvi; AšÍixc - †h ¯ jfvM µgk miæ n‡q mgy‡`ª cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q; iÜ« - wQ`ª|
03. ‡KvbwU divwm kã?
(K) nvmbv‡nbv (L) g¨vwUwb (M) Bs‡iR (N) Pvwn`v
Ij›`vR: g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: Zvm msµvšÍ| †hgb:- iæBZb, niZb, B¯‥vcb, ‡U°v, Zziæc|
Rvcvwb: g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: nvmbv‡nbv nvwiwKwi K¨viv‡U I Ry‡Wv wkL‡Z mybvwgi f‡q wi·vq hvq|
divwm: g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: ey‡R©vqv Bs‡iR I w`‡bgvi I‡jv›`vRiv Rvnv‡R e‡m K¨v‡d‡Z wcRv I we¯‥zU †L‡Z
†L‡Z †i‡¯Ívivi cv‡k KvZ©yR-M¨v‡i‡R g¨vwUwbi †i‡bmv †`L‡e e‡j wW‡cv‡Z Kzcb KvU‡jv|
cvÄvwe: g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: wkL ZviKv‡ì cvÄvwei Pvwn`v †ewk|
04. ‡KvbwU ÔevZvmÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã bq?
(K) cveK (L) gviæZ (M) ceb (N) Awbj
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: evZvm k‡ã mgv_©K kãmg~nÑ evqy, ceb, evZ, cÖfÄb, Awbj, evZvm, nvIqv, mgxi, mgxiY, giær, gviæZ,
MÜevn, cegvb, gv`MwZ, b‡f¯^b, bftk¦vm, RMZvly|
A_© msKjb: cveK - Av¸b|
05. ¸Y I e„w× ejv nq Ñ
(K) K…r cÖK…wZi Avw`¯^‡ii cwieZ©b‡K (M) bvg cÖK…wZi cwieZ©b‡K
(L) K…r cÖK…wZi AšÍ¯^‡ii cwieZ©b‡K (N) cÖvwZcw`‡Ki cwieZ©b‡K
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î K…r-cÖZ¨q †hvM Ki‡j K…r-cÖK…wZi Avw`¯î cwiewZ©Z nq| G cwieZ©b‡K ejv nq ¸Y I
e„w×|
 ¸Y: (K) B, CÑ¯ ‡j G| †hgb: ∙wPb& + Av = †Pbv| (L) D, E Ñ¯ ‡j I| ‡hgb: ∙bx + Av = †bIqv, ∙ay + Av
= †avqv| (M) FÑ¯ ‡j Ai& nq| ‡hgb: ∙K… + Zv = Ki‡Z > KZ©v|
 e„w×: (K) A Ñ¯ ‡j Av| †hgb: cvPK = ∙cP& + YK (AK)| (L) B I CÑ¯ ‡j Av| †hgb: wkï + A (ò) =
‣kke| (M) D I EÑ¯ ‡j J| †hgb: hye + Ab = †h․eb| (N) FÑ ¯ ‡j Avi&| †hgb: ∙K… + N¨vY|
06. Ô‡Kv‡bvfv‡eB hv wbeviY Kiv hvq bvÕ Gi evK¨ ms‡ÿcY †KvbwU?
(K) A`g¨ (L) `y`©gbxq (M) Awbevh© (N) `ywb©evi
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Technique: Ôhvq bvÕ _vK‡j cÖ_‡g ÔAÕ e‡m| †hgb:
‡Kv‡bv fv‡eB hv wbeviY Kiv hvq bv - Awbevh© hv `gb Kiv hvq bv - A`g¨
hv wPšÍv Kiv hvq bv - AwPšÍbxq / AwPšÍ¨ Zj ¯úk© Kiv hvq bv hvi - AZj¯úkx©|
A_© msKjb: `ywb©evi / `ywb©evh© - mn‡R cÖwZ‡iva Kiv hvq bv Ggb|
07. Ò`ytL webv myL jvf nq wK gnx‡ZÓÑ evK¨wU‡Z AbymM© eëüZ n‡q‡Q-
(K) cÖvwZcw`‡Ki Av‡M (L) cÖvwZcw`‡Ki c‡i (M) we‡kl‡Yi c‡i (N) wefw³hy³ k‡ãi Av‡M
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: AbymM© KL‡bv cÖvwZcw`‡Ki c‡i eëüZ nq, Avevi KL‡bv Ô†KÕ Ges ÔiÕ wefw³hy³ k‡ãi c‡i e‡m| †hgb-
webv: `ytL webv myL jvf nq wK gnx‡Z? (cÖvwZcw`‡Ki c‡i)
m‡b: gq~ixi m‡b bvwP‡Q gq~i| (lôx wefw³ hy³ k‡ãi c‡i)
w`‡q: †Zvgv‡K w`‡q Avgvi Pj‡e bv| (wØZxqv Ô†KÕ wefw³ hy³ k‡ãi c‡i)
08. ‡KvbwU e¨vwaKiY eûeªxwn mgv‡mi D`vniY?
(K) ‡Lvk †gRvR (L) †KvjvKzwj (M) K_vme©¯^ (N) †`vgbv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: e¨vwaKiY: †h eûeªxwn mgv‡mi c~e©c` I cic` DfqB we‡kl¨ Zv‡K e¨vwaKiY eûeªxwn mgvm e‡j| †hgb:
mg¯Íc` e¨vmevK¨ we‡kl¨ we‡kl¨
Avkxwel Avkx‡Z (ùv‡Z) wel hvi Avkx(ùvZ) wel
K_vme©¯^ K_v me©¯^ hvi K_v me©¯^
cici K…`šÍ we‡klY n‡jI e¨vwaKiY eûeªxwn mgvm nq| †hgbt `yB Kvb KvUv hvq = `y KvbKvUv, †euvUv L‡m‡Q hvi =
†evuUvLmv| Giƒc- cv-PvUv, Qv-‡cvlv, cvZv‡Quov, cvZv-PvUv, avgvaiv BZ¨vw`|
09. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ms¯‥…Z Zw×Z cÖZ¨‡qi D`vniY?
(K) gby + ò = gvbe (L) wRZ& + A = wRZ (M) en& + Zv = enZv (N) jf& + h = jf¨
ms¯‥…Z Zw×Z cÖZ¨q: ò¨ (h) - cÖZ¨q: wò (B) - cÖZ¨q
AcZ¨v‡_©: gbyl¨| AcZ¨ A‡_©: ivewY, `vkiw_|
fvev‡_©: ‡m․›`h©, †k․h©, •ah©, †K․gvh©| wòK (BK) - cÖZ¨q
we‡klY MV‡b: cve©Z¨, •e`¨| `ÿ / ‡eËv A‡_©: mvwnwZ¨K, •ew`K, •eÁvwbK|
ò - cÖZ¨q welqK A‡_©: mvgyw`ªK, bvMwiK, gvwmK, avwg©K,
AcZ¨ A‡_©: gvbe, hvè| mvgwiK, mvgvwRK|
DcvmK A‡_©: ‣ke, •Rb, kv³ ‡e․×, •eòe| we‡klY MV‡b: ‣ngwšÍK, AvKw¯§K|
fve A‡_©: ‣kke, †M․ie, ‣K‡kvi| ‡òq - cÖZ¨q
m¤úK© A‡_©: cvw_©e, ‣è, •PÎ| fvwM‡bq, Av‡Mœq, •egv‡Îq|
10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cvwifvwlK kã?
(K) Aw·‡Rb (L) †Uªwbs (M) mwPe (N) e¨vM
A¤øRvb - Oxygen cÖwkÿY - Training mwPe - Secretary
D`hvb - Hydrogen eë¯ vcK - Manager mvgwqKx - Periodical
bw_ - File ‡eZvi - Radio ¯œvZK - Graduate
mgxKiY - Equation mgvwß - Final ¯œvZ‡KvËi - Post Graduate
11. ÔK`vKviÕ k‡ãi ÔK`Õ DcmM© †Kvb A‡_© eëüZ n‡q‡Q?
(K) wbw›`Z (L) c~Y©Zv (M) µgvMZ (N) DrK…ó
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© evsjv DcmM© †Ìqv nj-
DcmM© A_©‡`¨vZKZv D`vniY DcmM© A_©‡`¨vZKZv D`vniY
A Afve AwPb, ARvbv, A‣_| mv DrK…ó mvwRiv, mv‡Rvqvb|
wb bvB wbjvR, wb‡iU, wbfvR, wbLyuZ my DËg mybRi, myLei, myw`b, myKvR,
K` wbw›`Z K`‡ej, K`h©, K`vKvi| mybvg|
Eb Kg EbcuvRy‡i, Ewbk| Abv Afve Abve„wó, Abvì|
Ave A¯úóZv AveQvqv, AveWvj|
12. ÔAvnŸvqKÕ k‡ãi cÖwgZ D”PviYÑ
(K) AvIfv‡qvK& (L) AvIfvqK& (M) Avne&evqK (N) Av‡nve&ev‡qvK
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔnŸÕ _vK‡j D”Pvi‡Y ÔIfÕ (ÔnŸÕ hy³ Gi c~‡e©i D”PviY A/Av Gi gZ n‡j) / ÔDfÕ (ÔnŸÕ hy³ Gi c~‡e©i D”PviY
B/D Gi gZ n‡j) n‡e| †hgb: AvnŸvb = AvIfvb& , AvnŸvqK = AvIfvqK& , wRnŸv = wRDfv, wenŸi = weIfi&, wenŸj
= weDfj& BZ¨vw`|
(K) MxZvÄjx (L) MxZvÄwj (M) wMZvÄwj (N) wMZvÄjx
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: AÄwj / Avewj / BK / Avwj cÖZ¨q hy³ k‡ãi ‡ÿ‡Î (B-Kvi/ w ) e‡m| †hgb:-
kÖ×vÄwj, MxZvÄwj, RjvÄwj, cy®úvÄwj, †cÖgvÄwj, Kvh©vewj, KweZvewj, cÖkœvewj, Z_¨vewj, welqvewj, †f․‡MvwjK,
cÖvwZôvwbK, AvbyôvwbK, †Lqvwj, wgZvwj, †mvbvwj, MxZvwj, eY©vwj, iƒcvwj BZ¨vw`|
14. Ôwe¯§qvcbœÕ mg¯Í c`wUi mwVK e¨vmevK¨ †KvbwU?
(K) we¯§q Øviv Avcbœ (L) we¯§‡q Avcbœ (M) we¯§q‡K Avcbœ (N) we¯§‡q †h Avcbœ
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm- c~e©c‡ì wØZxqv wefw³ (‡K, †i, G‡i BZ¨vw`) †jvc n‡q †h mgvm nq, Zv‡K wØZxqv
Zrcyiæl mgvm e‡j| †hgb: wec`vcbœ = wec`‡K Avcbœ; we¯§qvcbœ = we¯§q‡K Avcbœ; i_ †`Lv = i_‡K †`Lv|
i_Pvjvb = i_‡K Pvjvb AvgKzo‡bv = Avg‡K Kzov‡bv ‡`kf½ = †`k‡K f½ c„ôcÖ`k©b = c„ô‡K cÖ`k©b
Kjv‡ePv = Kjv‡K †ePv n«`‡`Lv = n«`‡K †`Lv `ytLcÖvß = `ytL‡K cÖvß `ytLvZxZ = `ytL‡K AZxZ
fvicÖvß = fvi‡K cÖvß mvnvh¨cÖvß = mvnvh¨‡K cÖvß ¯^M©cÖvß = ¯^M©‡K cÖvß Aa©g„Z = Aa© iƒ‡c g„Z
kiwb‡ÿc = ki‡K wb‡ÿc cyÎjvf = cyÎ‡K jvf Rj‡mPb = Rj‡K †mPb e¨w³MZ = e¨w³‡K AvMZ
†eMmseiY=†eM‡K mseiY `ªæZMvgx = `ªæZ h_v Z_v Mvgx kiYvMZ=kiY‡K AvMZ eqtcÖvß = eqt‡K cÖvß
msL¨vZxZ = msL¨v AZxZ †kvKvZxZ = †kvK‡K AZxZ PiYvwkÖZ=PiY‡K AvwkÖZ Zceb`k©b = Zceb‡K `k©b
e¨wZµg: e¨wß/ e¨vwcqv _vK‡j 2qv Zrcyiæl mgvm nq| ‡hgb: wPimyLx = wPiKvj e¨vwcqv myLx; ÿY¯ vqx = ÿYKvj
e¨vwcqv ¯ vqx; wPimy›ì = wPiKvj e¨vwcqv my›ì; Rxebvb›` = Rxeb e¨vwcqv Avb›`; `xN©¯ vqx = `xN©Kvj e¨vwcqv ¯ vqx;
wPiewÂZ = wPiKvj e¨vwcqv ewÂZ; wbZäviv = wbZ¨Kvj e¨vwcqv aviv|
15. wb‡Pi †Kvb cyiælevPK k‡ãi `ywU ¯¿xevPK kã i‡q‡Q?
(K) †P․aywi (L) KzjUv (M) bexb (N) fvB
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: GKwU cyiælevPK k‡ãi `ywU ¯¿xevPKÑ
‡èi - bb` I Rv fvB - †evb I fvex wkÿK - wkÿwqÎx I wkÿKcZœx
`v`v - w`w` I eDw` eÜz - evÜzex I eÜzcZœx|
GLv‡b, wbZ¨ ¯¿xevPK kã - KzjUv (AmZx bvix); Av-cÖZ¨q †hv‡M mvaviY A‡_©: bexbÑbexbv|
(K) eyw×wRex (L) eyw×wRwe (M) eyw×Rxex (N) eyw×Rxwe
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Rxex hy³ k‡ã Rxex (C-x / C-x) n‡e| †hgb: AvBbRxex, kÖgRxex, ÿxYRxex, eyw×Rxex, †ckvRxex, `xN©Rxex,
ciRxex BZ¨vw`|
17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †h․wMK Kv‡ji D`vniY bq?
(K) KiwQjvg (L) K‡iwQ (M) KiwQ (N) Kie
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔKieÕ wµqvwU Øviv fwel¨r Kv‡j NU‡e Ggb Kvj wb‡`©k K‡i, d‡j ÔKieÕ wµqvi KvjwU †h․wMK bq| Ab¨w`‡K
ÔKiwQjvgÕ, ÔK‡iwQÕ, ÔKiwQ, GB wZbwU wµqvi g‡a¨ ÔKiwQjvgÕ I ÔKiwQÕ NUgvb Kvj‡K wb‡`©k K‡i A_©vr †Kv‡bv
GKwU Pjgvb KvR‡K eySvq, hv AZx‡Z A_ev eZ©gvb †h †Kv‡bv mgq a‡i Pj‡Q| A_©vr KvRwU m¤úbœ nIqvi ci¤úivwU
Giƒc: AZxZ + AZxZ, AZxZ + eZ©gvb + fwel¨r| ÔK‡iwQÕ cyivNwUZ eZ©gvb Kvj| wµqv c~‡e© †kl n‡j Ges Zvi
dj GLbI eZ©gvb _vK‡j, cyivNwUZ eZ©gvb Kvj eëüZ nq A_©vr †h․wMK Kvj wb‡`©k K‡i|
18. ‡gavexÕ kãwUi mwVK cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q †KvbwU?
(K) †gav + ex (L) †gav + exb (M) †gav + B (N) †gav + web
‡gavex = †gav + web& gvqvex = gvqv + web& ‡ZR¯^x = †ZRt + web&
ex web&
Zc¯^x = Zct + web& hk¯^x = hkt + web&
19. ‡KvbwU iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii bvUK?
(K) K…òKzgvix (L) i³Kiex (M) emšÍKzgvix (N) maevi GKv`kx
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii bvUKmg~n-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: emšÍ1923 evey wb‡Ri †g‡q gvwjbx1896 †èxi gy³aviv1922 I •eKz‡Éi LvZv1897 Pzwi K‡i Zv‡mi
†`k1933 WvKN‡i1912 Zvm †L‡j‡Q| ZvB Zvi ¯¿x i³Kiex1926 fvex †Pvi ¯^vgx‡K wemR©b1890 w`‡q ivRv I ivbx1889 Kv‡Q
wePvi Rvbvj|
20. Ôhw` ej, AvmeÕ Ñ GwU Kx ai‡bi evK¨?
(K) B”Qvm~PK (L) cÖv_©bvg~jK (M) Kvh©KviYvZ¥K (N) AbyÁv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: B”Qvm~PK ev‡K¨ g‡bi B”Qv cÖKvk cv‡e| †hgb: Zvgvbœv‡K GKw`b ¯§„wZ‡m․a †`Lve| cÖv_©bvm~PK ev‡Kï
D`vniY Ñ Zzwg †hb cixÿvq K…ZKvh© nI GB KvgbvB Kwi| Kvh©KviYvZ¥K ev‡K¨ KviY, wbqg, kZ©, ¯^xK…wZ, ms‡KZ
cÖf…wZ cÖKvk cvq| †hgb: gb w`‡q bv co‡j cvk Kiv hvq bv| AbyÁvm~PK ev‡Kï Øviv Av‡`k, Dc‡`k, wb‡la BZ¨vw`
†evSvq| †hgb: GLb co‡Z em|
‡kl cÖni - 15
01. wMÖK kã †KvbwU?
(K) Zzdvb (L) jyw½ (M) Kzkb (N) `vg
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: myo½, ‡mgvB, `vg, †K›`ª kã¸‡jv wMÖK †_‡K evsjvq Gm‡Q| GLv‡b, Zzdvb Aviwe kã, jyw½ ewg© kã Avi Kzkb
Bs‡iwR kã| wMÖK kã¸‡jv g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e Ñ wMÖ‡K myo½ †mgvB‡qi `vg †K‡›`ª †ewk|
jÿYxq: cÖPwjZ wKQz eB‡q †KvY, GKv‡Wwg, BDbvwb GB kã¸‡jv MÖxK kã †Ìqv Av‡Q| hv fzj KviY evsjv AvaywbK
Awfavb Abyhvqx †KvY kãwU ms¯‥…Z kã, GKv‡Wwg Bs‡iwR kã Avi BDbvwb Aviwe kã|
02. Ô‣ØcvqbÕ k‡ãi ï× mwÜwe‡”Q` †KvbwU?
(K) Øxc + Avqb (L) Øxc + Aqb (M) wØc + AbU (N) Øxc + AbU
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Av = A / Av + A / Av
bevbœ = be + Abœ ‣Øcvqb = Øxc + Aqb wmsnvmb = wmsn + Avmb iZœvKvi = iZœ + AvKi
bivag = bi + Aag wngvPj = wng + APj KÚvMZ = KÚ + AvMZ cvVvMvi = cvV + AvMvi
Acivci = Aci+Aci kkv¼ = kk + A¼ ‣¯îvPvi = •¯î + AvPvi Kzkvmb = Kzk + Avmb
cÖvYvwaK = cÖvY + AwaK ¯^vaxb = ¯^ + Aaxb f`ªvmb = f`ª + Avmb cÖevjvw` + cÖevj + Avw`
myh©všÍ = m~h© + AšÍ me©¯^všÍ = me©¯^ + AšÍ `Ðv‡`k = `Ð + Av‡`k ¯^vqË = ¯^ + AvqË
Z_vwc = Z_v + Awc K_vg„Z = K_v + Ag„Z me©v½ = me© + A½ `qv`ª = `qv + Av`ª©
we`¨vf¨vm=we`¨v+Af¨vm h_vh_ = h_v + Ah_ gvÎvwaK¨ = gvÎv+AvwaK¨ fvlvPvh© = fvlv + AvPvh©
Av½vaxb = Av½v + Aaxb `qY©e = `qv + AY©e Avkvmb = Avkv + Avmb wkjvmb = wkjv + Avmb
h_v_© = h_v + A_© gnvN© = gnv + AN© e¨v_vZzi = e¨v_v + AvZzi Z¡ivwš^Z = Z¡iv + Awš^Z
A_© msKjb: kk¼ - P›`ª|
03. ÔAvwgÕ kãwU †Kvb wj½?
(K) cyswj½ (L) ¯¿xwj½ (M) K¬xewj½ (N) Dfq wj½
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Dfq wj½ (cyiæl I ¯¿xevPK DfqB nq)- gvbyl, wkï, eÜz, mšÍvb, Rb, RbZv, cixÿv_x©, wkíx, cvwL, gvQ,
wkwÿZ, AwffveK, kÎæ, wgÎ, wkÿv_x©, Avwg, Zzwg, †m, Avgiv, Zviv, †Zvgiv BZ¨vw`|
04. ï× evbvb †KvbwU?
(K) `~ivKv•Lv (L) `yivKv•Lv (M) `yivKv•ÿv (N) `~ivKv•ÿv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: `~‡i / `~iZ¡ eySv‡Z Ô`~Õ-Kvi e‡m| Ab¨ †ÿ‡Î Ô`yÕ-Kvi e‡m| †hgb: `~i, `~iZ¡, `~i`k©b, `~i`„wó, `~i`k©x,
`~ixKiY, `~iexÿY, `ye©j, `ybv© g, `ybx© wZ, `yN©Ubv, `ywe©ln, `y‡f©vM, `yivKv•ÿv, `yw`©b, `yM©Z, `yR©q, `yiv‡ivM¨, `yiƒn, `yive¯ v,
`y‡h©vM, `yM©v, `yM©, `yM©vc~Rv BZ¨vw`| e¨vwZµg: `yiweb (dviwm), `~lY, `~wlZ, `~lbxq, `~lK, ivóª`~Z, `~e©vNvm|
05. ÔmnPh©Õ k‡ãi ï× MVb †KvbwU?
(K) mn + Pi + h© (L) mnPi + djv (M) mnPi + h (N) †KvbwUB bq
‡m․›`h© = my›ì + ò¨/h cÖvPzh© = cÖPzi + ò¨/h gvayh© = gayi + ò¨/h
Mv¤¢xh© = M¤¢xi + ò¨/h mnPh© = mnPi + ò¨/h •ah© = axi + ò¨/h
h© / ¨ ò¨ / h Kve¨ = Kwe + h cÖvP¨ = cÖvPx + h mf¨ = mfv + h
bve¨ = †b․ + h ‣`Z¨ = w`wZ + h ‡m․Rb¨ = myRb + h
KvwVb¨ = KwVb + h Zvij¨ = Zij + h cve©Z¨ = ce©Z + h
06. Ô‣kkeÕ ÑGi cÖK…Z I cÖZ¨q †KvbwU?
(K) wkï + ò (L) wkï + ò¨ (M) wkï + ke (N) ‣k + ke
gvbe = gby + ò ‡c․Î = cyÎ + ò cvw_©e = c„w_ex + ò
†m․nv`©¨ = myü` + ò ‣¯¿Y = ¯¿x + ò •eòe = weòz + ò
A ò
‡m․i = m~h© + ò cvke = cï + ò ‣ke = wke + ò
•kke = wkï + ò kv³ = kw³ + ò •K‡kvi = wK‡kvi + ò
07. ‡KvbwU ÔAwMœÕ-i mgv_©K kã bq?
(K) cveK (L) •ek¦vbi (M) me©ïwP (N) k„½x
Av¸b AwMœ, ewý, cveK, Av¸b, Abj, wkLv, K…kvby, wefvemy, ûZvkb, •ek¦vbi, `nb, me©fyK, †nvgvwMœ, me©ïwP|
weUcx cv`c, `ªæg, kvLx, MvQ, Ziæ, gnxiyn, wkLix, cYx, k„½x|
08. 3/4 msL¨vwU Kx cÖKvk K‡i?
(K) AvwaK¨ (L) b~¨bZv (M) †mvqv (N) L + M
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: memgq g‡b ivLv‡Z n‡e ïay GKwU c~Y© msL¨v KLbI msL¨vi b~¨bZv ev AvwaK¨ cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| msL¨vi
b~¨bZv ev AvwaK¨ cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i ‡Kej fMœvsk| Avgiv `ywU my‡Îi gva¨‡g fMœvs‡ki b~¨bZv ev AvwaK¨ wPwýZ Kie|
m~Î bs 1 = =
m~Î bs 1 Gi e¨vL¨v: Avgiv Rvwb msL¨v MYbvi g~j GKK GK (1)| myZivs fMœvs‡ki Dc‡i †QvU msL¨v Avi wb‡P eo
msL¨v _vK‡j Zvi me¸‡jvB msL¨vi b~¨bZv cÖKvk Ki‡e| KviY Giƒc hZ msL¨v Av‡Q me¸‡jv‡K wb‡Pi msL¨v Øviv
Dc‡ii msL¨v‡K fvM Ki‡j DËi `kwgK w`‡q ïiæ n‡e A_©vr 1 Gi †P‡q Kg| Z‡e †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e hw` fMœvs‡ki
Dc‡i eo msL¨v Avi wb‡P †QvU msL¨v _vK‡j Zvi me¸‡jvB AvwaK¨ cÖKvk Ki‡e| KviY Giƒc hZ msL¨v Av‡Q
me¸‡jv‡K wb‡Pi msL¨v Øviv Dc‡ii msL¨v‡K fvM Ki‡j DËi c~Y© msL¨v w`‡q ïiæ n‡e Zvici `kwgK Avm‡e A_©vr 1
Gi †P‡q †ewk|
m~Î bs 2 = c~Y© msL¨v =2 ;5 ;4
‡gvU K_v, †c․‡b eySv‡jB Zv b~¨bZv
we‡kl `ªóe¨: b~¨bZv wPwýZKi‡Yi Dch©y³ m~Î `y‡Uv Qvov Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv msL¨v hv H m~Î `y‡Uvi AvIZvax‡b c‡o bv|
09. ‡KvbwU e¨wZnvi eûeªxwni D`vniY?
(K) ARvbv (L) †`vZjv (M) Avkxwel (N) KvbvKvwb
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: e¨wZnvi- †h eûeªxwn mgv‡mi c~e©c` I cic` DfqB GKB we‡kl¨ Ges cÖ_g we‡k‡lï mv‡_ ÔAvÕ I c‡ii
we‡k‡lï mv‡_ ÔBÕ hy³ _v‡K Zv‡K e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvb e‡j|
e¨vmevK¨ mg¯Íc` we‡kl¨+Av we‡kl¨+B Giƒc- jvVvjvwV, PzjvPzwj, KvovKvwo, MvjvMvwj,
nv‡Z nv‡Z †h jovB nvZvnvwZ nvZ+Av nvZ+B †KvjvKzwj, nvmvnvwm, i³viw³, †Kkv‡Kkx,
Kv‡b Kv‡b †h K_v KvbvKvwb Kvb+Av Kvb+B NylvNywl, ¸uZv¸uwZ BZ¨vw`|
GLv‡b, ARvbv = bq Rvbv (bT Zrcyiæl); †`vZjv = `yB Zj Av‡Q hvi (cÖZ¨qvšÍ eûeªxwn); Avkxwel = Avkx‡Z wel
hvi (e¨vwaKiY eûeªxwn)|
10. ÔLbvi ePbÕ ÑGi g~jfve wK?
(K) †j․wKK cÖYqm½xZ (L) ï× Rxebhvcb ixwZ (M) mvgvwRK g½j‡eva (N) ivóª cwiPvjbv bxwZ
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: weL¨vZ evOvwj gwnjv †R¨vwZlx Lbv iwPZ ÔLbvi ePbÕ g~jZ K…wlwfwËK Qov| ‡R¨vwZlkv¯¿ Abyhvqx Pvlvev`,
e„ÿ‡ivcY, M„nwbg©vY BZ¨vw` Rxeb Nwbô welq wb‡q Lbvi ePb iwPZ| AR¯ª Lbvi ePb hyM hyM a‡i MÖvg evsjvi Rb-
Rxe‡bi mv‡_ wg‡k Av‡Q|
11. gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm ÔAv¸‡bi cikgwYÕ Kvi iPbv?
(K) AvgRv` †nv‡mb (L) ûgvq~b Avn‡g` (M) kIKZ Imgvb (N) ‣mq` kvgmyj nK
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ûgvq~b Avn‡g` iwPZ gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm n‡jvÑ Av¸‡bi cikgwY1994, †`qvj2013 I k¨vgj Qvqv2006|
kIKZ Imgvb iwPZ gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vmÑ Rvnvbœvg nB‡Z we`vq1971, †bK‡o AiY¨1973, `yB ‣mwbK1973,
Rjv½x1976| ‣mq` kvgmyj nK iwPZ gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm n‡jvÑ bxj`skb1981, wbwl× †jvevb, cv‡qi AvIqvR
cvIqv hvq1976|
12. wefw³i e`‡j †Kvb hwZ wPý e‡m?
(K) Kgv (L) W¨vm (M) †mwg‡Kvjb (N) nvB‡db
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Pv Gi †`vKv‡b e‡m Mí KiwQjvg| GB ev‡Kï wefw³ n‡”Q ÔGiÕ hvi e`‡j nvB‡db wPý eënvi Kiv hv‡e|
A_©vr evK¨wU Gfv‡e ejv hv‡e ÔPv-‡`vKv‡b e‡m Mí KiwQjvgÕ|
13. A-Kvi wKsev Av-Kv‡ii ci D-Kvi wKsev E-Kvi _vK‡j Df‡q wg‡j Kx nq?
(K) I-Kvi (L) J-Kvi (M) G-Kvi (N) H-Kvi
 A-Kvi wKsev Av-Kv‡ii ci B-Kvi wKsev C-Kvi _vK‡j Df‡q wg‡j G-Kvi nq| ïf + B”Qv = ï‡f”Qv|
 A-Kvi wKsev Av-Kv‡ii ci G-Kvi wKsev H-Kvi _vK‡j Df‡q wg‡j H-Kvi nq| gZ + HK¨ = g‣ZK¨|
 A-Kvi wKsev Av-Kv‡ii ci D-Kvi wKsev E-Kvi _vK‡j Df‡q wg‡j I-Kvi nq| h_v + DwPZ=h‡_vwPZ|
 A-Kvi wKsev Av-Kv‡ii ci I-Kvi wKsev J-Kvi _vK‡j Df‡q wg‡j J nq| gnv + Ilwa = g‡n․lwa|
mnR K_vq, A/Av + B/C = G; A/Av + G/H = H; A/Av + D/E = I; A/Av + I/J = J|
14. ‡Kvb kãwU ï× evbv‡b †jLv n‡q‡Q?
(K) k~Y¨ (L) wÎfzR (M) c~Y¨ (N) f~eb
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: cÖ`Ë Ack‡b ï× evbvb wÎfzR| k~Y¨, c~Y¨ I f~eb evbvb wZbwU Aï×| G‡ì ï×iƒc h_vµ‡g ∙k¦b + h = k~b¨;
∙c~ + Db¨ = cyY¨; ∙f~ + Ab = fzeb| GB wZbwU kãB ms¯‥…Z K…r cÖZ¨q ‡hv‡M MwVZ|
15. Ôc‡_i `vweÕ Dcb¨v‡mi iwPwqZv †K?
(K) kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq (L) gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq (M) m‡Z¨b †mb (N) myKvšÍ fÆvPvh©
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi Dcb¨vmmg~n-
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: PwiÎnxb1917 kÖxKvšÍ1917 GK cjøxmgv‡R1916 evgy‡bi †g‡q1920 cwiYxZv‡K1914 we‡q Ki‡Z PvB‡j
cwÐZgkvB1914 ivwR bv n‡q eow`wì (1g)1907 †Q‡j `Ëvi1918 mv‡_ cwiYxZvi we‡q †`q| d‡j kÖxKvšÍ •eKz‡Éi
DBj1920 I M„n`vn1920 K‡i c‡_i `vwe1926 ‡g‡b †è`v‡m1917 cwiYZ nj| Zvici GKw`b cwÐZ gkvB‡K †kl cÖkœ1931
K‡i AiÿYxqv1916 fv‡e ïf`vi1938 evwo P‡j ‡Mj|
16. ÒKv‡h© weiwZÓ A‡_© †Kvb evMavivwU cÖ‡hvR¨?
(K) nvZ Kiv (L) nvZ ¸Uv‡bv (M) nvZ _vKv (N) nvZ Avmv
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: nvZUvb - Pzwii Af¨vm; nv‡j cvwb cvIqv - myyweav Kiv; bM` bvivqY - bM` A_©; Kv‡h© weiwZ - nvZ ¸Uv‡bv|
17. ÔZzwg †Zv fvwi my›ì Qwe AvuK!Õ ÑevK¨wU‡Z †Kvb cÖKv‡ii Ae¨q c` eëüZ n‡q‡Q?
(K) Abš^qx Ae¨q (L) AbyKvi Ae¨q (M) c`vš^qx Ae¨q (N) AbymM© Ae¨q
‡hme Ae¨q ev‡Kï Ab¨ c‡ì m‡½ †Kv‡bv m¤^Ü bv †i‡L ¯^vaxbfv‡e bvbvwea fve cÖKv‡k eëüZ
Abš^qx Ae¨q nq, Zv‡ì Abš^qx Ae¨q e‡j| †hgbÑ Avcwb hv Rv‡bb Zv †Zv wVKB e‡U| GLv‡b Ô‡ZvÕ Abš^qx
Ae¨q|
AbyKvi Ae¨q/ ‡hme Ae¨q Ae¨³ ie, kã ev aŸwbi AbyKi‡Y MwVZ nq, †m¸‡jv‡K AbyKvi Ae¨q e‡j| †hgbÑ
aŸb¨vZ¥K Ae¨q ‡g‡Ni MR©bÑ¸o ¸o|
AbymM© Ae¨q/ ‡hme Ae¨q kã we‡kl¨ I me©bvg c‡ì wefw³i b¨vq e‡m KviKevPKZv cÖKvk K‡i, Zv‡ì AbymM©
c`vš^qx Ae¨q Ae¨q e‡j| †hgbÑ I‡K w`‡q G KvR n‡e bv| GLv‡b Ôw`‡qÕ AbymM© Ae¨q|
18. ÔØxcÕ k‡ãi A_© ÔRj‡ewóZ ¯’vbÕ n‡j ÔwØcÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
(K) nvwZ (L) nwiY (M) †Nvov (N) mvc
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔwØcÕ k‡ãi A_© nvwZ| AviI wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© kãv_© n‡jv: PwiZv_©Ñ mdj; †M‡iv Ñ eÜb ev evuab; mrKvi -
mgvì, Avc¨vqb; Avi³ Ñ jvj‡P; e¼j Ñ Mv‡Qi evKj; m~` Ñ cvPK; RbvwšÍ‡K Ñ m‡½vc‡b, miwY Ñ moK, iv¯Ív;
wPZ¨ Ñ AwMœ; hÁ Ñ Drme; †hvM¨ Ñ Dchy&³; †MvjK Ñ ¯^M©; Gj wbwbI Ñ ÿz‡` wkï; Mv`v Ñ ivwk|
19. Ò‡c․iælnxb ¸Ygy» ¯^vgxi wb‡ðó AmnvqZvi gy‡L mij ïå, wb®‥j¼ mZëªZx mij †ZRw¯^bx •ngšÍxi †e`vbweayi
cwiYwZ Avgv‡ì gg©g~‡j AvNvZ K‡i|Ó G evK¨wU‡Z we‡klY Av‡Q KqwU?
(K) 8 wU (L) 9 wU (M) 10 wU (N) 11 wU
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: we‡klY Av‡Q †gvU 10 wU Ñ ‡c․iælnxb, ¸Ygy», wb‡ðó, mij, ïå, wb®‥j¼, mZëªZx, mij, †ZRw¯^bx,
†e`vbweayi|
we‡klY wbY©q Kivi wKQz mnR DcvqÑ
1. Ô†KgbÕ/ ÔKqwUÕ w`‡q cÖkœ Ki‡j ‡h DËi cvIqv hvq Zv we‡klY| †hgbÑ bxj AvKvk| †Kgb AvKvk? DËi- bxj|
2. AwZwi³ Z_¨¸‡jvB we‡klY| †hgbÑ AvKv‡k `yišÍ DošÍ cvwLi †gjv| G ev‡K¨ `ywU AwZwi³ Z_¨ Av‡Q| cÖkœ Kiv
hvKÑ‡Kgb cvwL? DË‡i cve Ô`yišÍÕ I ÔDošÍÕ cvwL| myZivs `ywU kãB we‡klY|
3. k‡ãi †k‡l Cb, BK, BZ, Bó, gZx, eZx, eªZx, gvb, evb, Kzj, kxj, kvjx, ¯úkx©, nxb, c~Y©, wbcyb, gq, ag©x, Abxq,
MZ, AšÍ, Zi, Zg, cÖeY hy³ _vK‡j Zv we‡klY n‡e| ‡hgbÑ gvqveZx, ¸Yevb, mZëªZx, mvwnwZ¨K, jwNó,
m¤ú`kvjx|
4. we‡k‡lï Av‡M eëüZ we‡kl¨ hv c‡ii we‡kl¨‡K we‡kwlZ K‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î Av‡Mi we‡kl¨wU we‡klY e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
†hgbÑ M`¨ I fvlv `ywUB we‡kl¨| G‡ÿ‡Î ÔM`¨ fvlvÕ Ggb n‡j ÔM`¨Õ we‡klY n‡e|
20. ‡Kvb evK¨wU ï×?
(K) †g‡qwU my‡Kwkbx (M) †g‡qwU my‡Kwk I mynvwmbx
(L) †g‡qwU my‡Kwkbx I mynvwmbx (N) †g‡qwU my‡Kkv I mynvwmbx
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: AeqeevPK KwZcq k‡ãi ¯¿xwj‡½ GKvwaK kãiƒc †`Lv hvq| †hgbÑ my‡Kk - †h cyiæ‡li gv_vq my›ì Pzj
Av‡Q| Avi Gi ¯¿xevPK iƒc - my‡Kkx, my‡Kkv, my‡Kwkbx| Giƒc, P›`ªgyL- P›`ªgyLx, P›`ªgyLv; mybqb- mybqbx, mybqbv;
†ngv½- †ngv½x, †ngv½v, †ngvw½bx, K…‡kvì- K…‡kvìx, K…‡kvìv; g„Mbqb- g„Mbqbx, g„Mbqbv; P›`ªe`b- P›`ªe`bx,
P›`ªe`bv; myKÉ- myKÉx, myKÉv| e¨wZµg: k~cY© L > (ïay) k~cY© Lv|
‡kl cÖni - 16
01. ‡KvbwU mwVK evbvb/ †Kvb evbvbwU ï×?
(K) wbwkw_bx/wcwcjxKv (L) bxwkw_bx/cxwcwjKv (M) wbkxw_bx/wccxwjKv (N) wbwkw_wb/wcwcwjKv
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: wewfbœ cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cixÿvi Rb¨ AwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖ`Ë evbvb¸‡jv-
 C-B: RxweKv, kvixwiK, gixwPKv, evj¥xwK, AZxw›`ªq, KbxwbKv (Kwbôv fwMbx), cÖZxwZ (Dcjwä, Ávb, cÖZ¨q),
eûeªxwn, mxwgZ, AexwP (wb¯Íi½ ev biKwe‡kl), D¾xweZ, MxwZKv, KxwZ©, àxwP (cyiv‡Yv³ gywb we‡kl), Avkxwel,
exYvcvwY BZ¨vw`|
 B-C-B: wbgxwjZ, wbcxwoZ, wccxwjKv, wefxwlKv, wRRxwelv (†eu‡P _vKvi B”Qv) BZ¨vw`|
 B-C-B-C: wbkxw_bx, wKixwUbx (wKixUavwiYx ev gyKzUavwiYx)|
 C-C: cÖZxKx, cÖZxPx (cÖwðg w`K), mgxPxb (DwPZ), gbxlx, -Rxex, Øxcx (mgy`ª), D`xPx (DËi w`K), Rxebx, nixZKx,
gnxqmx, kixix, Akixix, fvMxi_x (fMxi_ KZ©„K AvbxZ b`x)|
02. Ô‡R¨vr¯œvivZÕ †Kvb mgv‡mi `„óvšÍ?
(K) ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq (L) lôx Zrcyiæl (M) cÂgx Zrcyiæl (N) Dcgvb Kg©aviq
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: †h Kg©aviq mgv‡m e¨vmev‡Kï ga¨c‡ì †jvc nq Ges cic‡ì A_© cÖvavb¨ †c‡j Zv‡K ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq
mgvm e‡j| †hgbÑ wmsnvmb = wmsn wPwýZ †h Avmb, ¯§„wZ‡m․a = ¯§„wZ iÿv‡_© †m․a|
¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgv‡mi D`vniY-
mvwnZ¨mfv = mvwnZ¨ welqK mfv †g․gvwQ = ‡g․ AvwkÖZ gvwQ †R¨vr¯œvivZ = ‡R¨vr¯œv †kvwfZ ivZ
PvjKzgov = Pv‡j Rb¥v‡bv Kzgov Rxebwegv = Rxeb iÿv‡_© wegv wkÿvbxwZ = wkÿv welqK bxwZ
NiRvgvB = N‡i AvwkÖZ RvgvB wPwbKj = wPwb Drcv`‡bi Kj ¯^Y©vÿi = ¯^‡Y©i b¨vq D¾¡j Aÿi
GKv`k = GK AwaK `k †lvok = lU AwaK `k GKweskwZ = GK AwaK weskwZ
†e․fvZ = ‡e․ cwi‡ekb Kiv fvZ cÖvYfq = cÖvY hvIqvi fq wfÿvbœ = wfÿvq jä Abœ
†gvgevwZ = ‡gvg wbwg©Z evwZ ag©NU = ag© iÿv‡_© NU nuvUzRj = nuvUz cwigvY Rj
nvZcvLv = nv‡Z PvwjZ cvLv `yamv¸ = `ya †gkv‡bv mv¸ eUe„ÿ = eU bvgK e„ÿ
ev®úhvb = ev®ú PvwjZ hvb nvZNwo = nv‡Z civi Nwo cjvbœ = cj wgwkÖZ Abœ
ivóªbxwZ = ivóª welqK bxwZ aŸwbZË¡ = aŸwb welqK ZË¡ AvqKi = Av‡qi Dci Ki
03. wb‡Pi †Kvb kãwU cÖZ¨q‡hv‡M MwVZ nqwb?
(K) mfvm` (L) ï‡f”Qv (M) djevb (N) Zš^x
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Ôï‡f”QvÕ = ïf + B”Qv (A + B = G) myZivs kãwU mwÜmvwaZ kã| ÔZš^xÕ (Zby + C) GwU mwÜ I cÖZ¨qÑ
Dfq mvwaZ kã| GQvov Ômfvm`Õ (mfv + m`) Ab¨w`‡K ÔdjevbÕ (dj + evb/eZzc&) kã `ywU cÖZ¨q‡hv‡M MwVZ|
04. evsjv wjwci Drm wK? A_ev, evsjvwjwc I eY©gvjvi D™¢e n‡q‡Q †Kvb& wjwc †_‡K?
(K) ms¯‥…wZ wjwc (L) Pxbv wjwc (M) Aviwe wjwc (N) eªvþx wjwc
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv wjwci Drm Ñeªvþx wjwc| ïay evsjv bq mKj fviZxq wjwcB eªvþx wjwc †_‡K G‡m‡Q| GwU fviZxq‡`
†g․wjK wjwc| Aóg kZvãx‡Z eªvþx wjwc †_‡K cwðg wjwc, ga¨fviZxq wjwc I c~e© wjwc m„wó nq|
05. Ôf~aieªRÕ †Kvb ePb?
(K) eûePb (L) wØePb (M) GKePb (N) ePb bq
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: f~ A_© c„w_ex, f~ai A_© c„w_ex‡K †h a‡i iv‡L A_©vr cvnvo| f~ai k‡ãi mv‡_ ÔeªRÕ hy³ n‡q †evSv‡”Q
A‡bK¸‡jv cvnvo A_©vr eûePb|
06. ÔKzkxjeÕ ÑGi mwVK e¨vmevK¨ I mgvm wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
(K) Kz‡ki b¨vq je = Dcgvb (M) Kzkxi je = 6ôx Zrcyiæl
(L) Kzk I je = Ø›Ø (N) hvnv Kzk ZvnvB je = Kg©aviq
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: wbcvZ‡b wm× Ø›Ø mgv‡mi D`vniYÑ Anwb©k = Ant I wbkv, A‡nvivÎ = Ant I ivwÎ, wèvivÎ = wèv I ivwÎ,
Kzkxje = Kzk I je| jÿYxq welq: Kykxje - [we‡kl¨ c`] (g~j A_©) kÖxivgP‡›`«i cyÎØq Kyk I je; MvqK, PviY,
bvU‡Ki cvÎcvÎxMY|
07. ÔKzÀwUKvÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
(K) Kzqvkv (L) AÜKvi (M) cÖfvKi (N) •kj
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔKzÀwUKvÕ k‡ãi A_© Kzqvkv, Kz‡njv, Kz‡nwjKv| KzÀwUKv k‡ãi mwÜ we‡”Q`Ñ Kzr + SwUKv| cÖfvKi A_© m~h©
Avi •kj A_© ce©Z|
08. ev‡Kï AbyÁv c`¸‡jv n‡”QÑ
(K) we‡kl¨ c‡ì iƒc (L) we‡klY c‡ì iƒc (M) me©bvg c‡ì iƒc (N) wµqv c‡ì iƒc
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: AsKUv eywS‡q `vI bv, Avcwb GLb Avmyb, Zzwg evwo hvI, Ck¦i †Zvgvi g½j Kiæb Ñ GB evK¨¸‡jv‡Z B”Qv,
Aby‡iva, Av‡`k, wb‡la, Dc‡`k, cv_©bv BZ¨vw` cÖKvk ‡c‡q‡Q hv AbyÁv c`| Avi GB AbyÁv c`¸‡jvi meB
wµqvc`| myZivs DËi wµqv c‡ì iƒc n‡e|
09. ÔevMvo¤îÕ k‡ãi mwÜ-we‡”Q`Ñ
(K) evM + A¤î (L) evM + Avo¤î (M) evK& + A¤î (N) evK& + Avo¤î
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: hw` mwÜRvZ k‡ãi (M, R, W/o, `, e) _v‡K Zvn‡j we‡”Q‡` h_vµ‡g (K, P, U, Z/r, c) n‡e| †hgb:-
evMaviv = evK& + aviv evM‡èx = evK& + †èx evMvo¤î = evK& + Avo¤î evMhš¿ = evK& + hš¿
w`MšÍ = w`K& + AšÍ evMxk = evK& + Ck evMweZÐ = evK& + weZÐ evMRvj = evK& + Rvj
wbRšÍ = wbP& + AšÍ lovbb = lU& + Avbb lohš¿ = lU& + hš¿ loFZz = lU& + FZz
m`ycvq = mr + Dcvq Z`šÍ = Zr + AšÍ Zèwa = Zr + Aewa m`vb›` = mr + Avb›`
myešÍ = mc& + AšÍ K…`šÍ = K…r + AšÍ Zw×Z = Zr + wnZ
10. ‡KvbwU ï× evbvb?
(K) AvKvsLv (L) AvKv•ÿv (M) AvKv•Lv (N) AvKvsÿv
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: K, L, M, N c‡i _vK‡j evsjv evbv‡bi wbqg Abymv‡i c‡ì AšÍt¯  ÔgÕ ¯ v‡b Aby¯^vi (s) †jLv hv‡e| †hgbÑ
AnsKvi, fqsKi. msMxZ BZ¨vw`| weK‡í ÔOÕ †jLv hv‡e| ÿÑGi †ÿ‡Î c~‡e© me©Î ÔOÕ n‡e| †hgbÑ AvKv•ÿv|
11. Ô‡e`všÍMÖš’Õ I Ô†e`všÍmviÕ Kvi iPbv?
(K) ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq (L) †MvjKbv_ kg©v (M) ivgivg emy (N) g„Zz¨Äq we`¨vj¼vi
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Ô‡e`všÍMÖš Õ I Ô‡e`všÍmviÕ MÖš  `ywUi iPwqZv ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq| GQvov Zuvi AviI K‡qKwU MÖš : fÆvPv‡h©i
mwnZ wePvi, †Mv¯^vgxi mwnZ wePvi, mngiY welqK cÖeZ©K I wbeZ©‡Ki m¤^v`, †M․oxq e¨vKiY BZ¨vw`| †MvjKbv_
kg©v, ivgivg emy I g„Zz¨Äq we`¨vj¼vi GB wZb cwÐZ e¨w³ †dvU© DBwjqvg K‡j‡Ri Rb¨ evsjv M`¨cy¯ÍK iPbv K‡ib|
12. evsjv fvlvq cÖ_g e¨vKiY iPbv K‡ib †K?
(K) Aÿq `Ë (L) gvk©g¨vb (M) eªvwm n¨vj‡nW (N) ivRv ivg‡gvnb
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: e¨vKiY m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vewjÑ
 cÖ_g evsjv e¨vKiY wj‡Lb 1743 mv‡j (cZz©wMR fvlvq) - g‡bvGj `¨v Avmmy¤úmuvI| MÖ‡š i bvg “Vocabulario
em Idioma Bengalla’s Portuguez Dividido em duas partes”
 wØZxq evsjv e¨vKiY wj‡Lb 1778 mv‡j (Bs‡iwR fvlvq) - b¨v_vwb‡qj eªvwm n¨vj‡nW| MÖ‡š i bvg- “A
Grammar of the Bengali Language” GwU evsjv fvlvq Z…Zxq e¨vKiY MÖš  wn‡m‡e 1801 mv‡j (Bs‡iwR
fvlvq) - DBwjqvg †Kwi iPbv K‡ib|
 evOvwj iwPZ evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g e¨vKiY MÖš  wj‡Lb 1826 mv‡j - ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq| MÖ‡š i bvg- ‘Bengali
Grammar in English Language’ c‡i GwU evsjvq Abyev` K‡ib 1833 mv‡j Ô‡M․oxq e¨vKiYÕ (evsjv fvlvq
iwPZ 1g evsjv e¨vKiY) bv‡g|
13. ÔmwÂZvÕ †Kvb Kwei msKjb?
(K) iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi (L) m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë (M) KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg (N) Rxebvb›` `vk
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi Kve¨MÖš’mg~nÑ
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: AwMœexYv1922 I cÖjq wkLv1930 Qwe `yÕwU PµevK1929 I dwY gbmv1927 wm‡bgv n‡j Pj‡Q| Qwe‡Z
GK mÜ¨vq1929 bZzb Pvu‡ì1945 Av‡jv‡Z mvgëv`xi1925 bvqK †kl mIMvZ we‡li evuwk1924 evRv‡j me©nviv1926
mwÂZvi1928 †g‡q †`vjb Pvucv1923 wRwÄi1928 †f‡½ wmÜz-wn‡›`vj1927 b`x †_‡K wS‡½dzj1926 Zz‡j Zv‡K Dcnvi w`j|
jÿYxq: KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Zvui ÔmwÂZvÕ Kve¨ msKjbwU wek¦Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡K DrmM© K‡ib|
14. ‡KvbwU Ô‡gNÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã?
(K) evwi` (L) A¤^y (M) Awbj (N) f~ai
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡gN k‡ãi mgv_©K kãmg~n- Nb, A¤^y`, Rj`, evwi`, bxi`, †Zvq`, c‡qv`, Rjai, c‡qvai, †Zvqai, c‡qvgyK,
Rxg~Z,cR©b¨, ejvnK|
GLv‡b, A¤^y - Rj; Awbj - evZvm; f~ai/ f~f…r = ce©Z|
15. ‡h wefw³ GKvwaK Kvi‡K eëüZ nq, Zv‡K Kx ejv nq?
(K) wbZ¨ wefw³ (L) wZh©K wefw³ (M) me© wefw³ (N) MY wefw³
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: evK¨w¯ Z GKwU k‡ãi m‡½ Ab¨ k‡ãi Aš^q mva‡bi Rb¨ k‡ãi m‡½ †h mej eY© hy³ nq Zv‡K wefw³ e‡j|
wefw³ 2 cÖKviÑ kã wefw³; wµqv wefw³| kã wefw³i Aci bvg wZh©K wefw³ ev bvg wefw³ hv GKvwaK Kvi‡K
eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb:- 01. wmdv Kjg w`‡q ‡j‡L = Ki‡Y 3qv|
02. wLwjcvb w`‡q Ilya Lv‡e = AwaKi‡Y 3qv|
03. Zvi †PvL w`‡q Rj c‡o = Acv`v‡b 3qv|
Dchy³ D`vniY¸‡jv‡Z 3qv wefw³ (Øviv/ w`qv/ w`‡q/ KZ…©K) eëüZ n‡q‡Q hv wZh©K wefw³iB cÖKvi‡f‡ì Ask|
16. GK K_vq cÖKvk KiæbÑ Ôhv ejv nqwbÕ
(K) Dw³ (L) Ae¨³ (M) Aby³ (N) Ae¨v³
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ejv msµvšÍ hZ GK K_vq cÖKvkÑ
hv ejv n‡q‡Q = D³| hv ejv n‡”Q = eÿ¨gvb| hv ejv nqwb = Aby³|
hv ejv n‡e = e³e¨| hv ejv DwPZ bq/ hv ejvi †hvM¨ bq = AK_¨|
17. evsjv eY©gvjvq †gvU e¨ÄbaŸwbi msL¨v †KvbwU?
(K) 31wU (L) 32wU (M) 33wU (N) 30wU
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv fvlv‡Z e¨ÄbaŸwb Av‡Q †gvUvgywUfv‡e 31wU| G¸wj‡K (K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, U, V, W, X, Z, _,
`, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, i, j, k, n, o, p) GB eY©¸wj w`‡q wb‡`©k Kiv nq| evsjvi ¯‥yjcvV¨ eY©gvjvi e¨ÄbeY© fv‡M
AviI K‡qKwU eY© ¯ vb †Ìqv nq‡Q| †hgb- T, Y, h, l, m, s, t, r, u| GLv‡b T eY©wU Buq-i gZ D”PvwiZ nq; Y Avi
b e‡Y©i D”Pvi‡Y †Zgb †Kvb cv_©K¨ †bB; Z‡e U-eM©xq aŸwbi (U, V, W, X) wVK Av‡M em‡j wRnŸv Dwë‡q g~a©b¨ Y
D”PvwiZ nq; g~a©b¨ l-Gi D”Pvi‡Yi ‡ejvq wRnŸv Dëv‡bv nq bv; GwU Zvje¨ k-Gi gZB D”PvwiZ nq; `šÍ m-I Zvje¨
k-Gi gZB †ewki fvM †¶‡Î D”PvwiZ nq; †Kej hy³e¨Ä‡b (Z, _, b, i, j) -Gi Av‡M k, m Df‡qB Bs‡iwR s-Gi
gZ (‡hgb- ¯^w¯Í, Av¯ v, mœvZK) Ges k‡ãi ïiæ‡Z hy³e¨Ä‡b (K, L, c, d)-Gi Av‡M emv m Bs‡iwR s-Gi gZ (¯‥Ü,
¯úk©, ù~wZ©) D”PvwiZ nq; h eY©wU R-Gi gZ D”PvwiZ nq| s-Gi D”PviY O-Gi gZ; s P›`ªwe›`yi KvR ¯îaŸwb‡K
AvbybvwmKZv cÖ`vb Kiv; GwU †Kvb e¨ÄbaŸwb bq| r nj AšÍ¨¯îwenxb Z& Ges t nj AšÍ¨¯îwenxb n&; q eY©wU g~jZ
wØ¯îaŸwbi wØZxq ¯îwU †evSv‡Z eëüZ nq| (GKwU D`vniY: I+G = IG > Iq; †hgb- ‡avqv, †kvqv)|
18. Ô‡g‡QvÕ k‡ãi cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨q wK?
(K) gvQ + I (L) †gQ + I (M) gvwQ + Dqv > I (N) gvQ + Dqv > I
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Zw×Z cÖZ¨q mvwaZ Dqv > I - cÖZ¨qÑ
‡ivMvMÖ¯Í A‡_©: R¡i + Dqv = R¡iæqv > R¡‡iv, evZ + Dqv = evZzqv > ‡e‡Zv (†Nvov)|
we‡klY MV‡b: ùvZ-‡ù‡Zv (nvwm), Quv`-‡Qu‡`v (K_v), †Zj-‡Z‡jv > †Zjv (gv_v), KzuR-Kzu‡Rv (‡jvK)|
hy³ A‡_©: UvK - †U‡Kv| RvZ A‡_©: avb - †a‡bv (wPov)|
mswkøó A‡_©: gvV - †g‡Vv, Mvu - MuvBqv > †Mu‡qv| DcRxweKv A‡_©: gvQ - gvQzqv > †g‡Qv|
K…r cÖZ¨q mvwaZ ÔDqvÕ weK‡í ÔIÕ -cÖZ¨q: we‡kl¨ we‡klY MV‡b ÔDqvÕ Ges ÔIÕ cÖZ¨q nq| h_vÑ ∙co& + Dqv =
coqv > c‡ov, ∙Do& + Dqv = Do–qv > D‡ov, ∙Do& + I + D‡ov (wPwV)|
19. ‡KvbwU ï×?
(K) mËv (L) mË¡v (M) ¯^Ëv (N) mZ¡v
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ¯^Z¡; mË¡; mËv-
01. ¯^Z:¡ (¯^+Z¡) Ô¯^Õ gv‡b wb‡Ri| kãwU we‡klY, Gi m‡½ Z¡ †hvM K‡i G‡K we‡kl¨ c‡` iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
GLb gv‡b `vuovj wbRZ¡, A_©vr wb‡Ri AwaKvi †hLv‡b Av‡Q Ggb| †hgb: gvwjKvbv¯^Z¡, ¯^Z¡vwaKvi BZ¨vw`|
02. mË¡: (mr+Z¡) ÔmrÕ k‡ãi A_© n‡”Q Ôwe`¨gvbÕ| ÔmË¡Õ k‡ãi A_© Aw¯ÍZ¡ ev we`¨gbZv| †hgb: Ô‡g‡qwU AšÍtmË¡vÕ,
A_©vr †g‡qwUi ÔAšÍtÕ‡Z (Af¨všÍ‡i, wfZ‡i) Av‡iKwU cÖv‡Yi Aw¯ÍZ¡ i‡q‡Q| Ôm‡Ë¡IÕ K_vUv GLvb †_‡KB G‡m‡Q;
†hgb: wb‡la m‡Ë¡I (A_©vr wb‡la we`¨gvb _vK‡ZI) G KvR Ki‡j †Kb?
03. mËv: (mr+Zv) ÔmrÕ k‡ãi A_© †h Ôwe`¨gvbÕ Zv †Zv Av‡MB e‡jwQ; ÔZvÕ n‡jv we‡k‡l¨ iƒcvšÍwiZ nIqvi wPý|
†hgb: mËv nvwi‡q †djv| GB ÔmËvÕ Avi Av‡Mi ÔmË¡Õ A‡_©i w`K w`‡q GKB, Z‡e cÖ‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Î Zdvr Av‡Q|
20. †KvbwU mgv_©K kã bq?
(K) B›`y (L) weay (M) myavsï (N) exwP
Puv`, kkai, wbkvai, wbkvcwZ, wbkvbv_, wbkvKvšÍ, myavKi, myavsï, myavwbwa, Kzgy`bv_, kxZvsï, Kjvf…r,
Kjvai, Kjvwbwa, g„Mv¼, kkx, wØRivR, B›`y, P›`ªgv, wngKi, ewngvsï, mxZvsï, †mvg, kkv¼, weay|
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: kkv¼, kkx weay P›`ª‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z †mvgev‡i Kzgy`bv_ g„Mv¼ I myavwbwa‡K myavsï,
P›`ª
wngvsï kxZvsïi evwo‡Z cvVvj|
 wbkv + cwZ, bv_, KvšÍ = wbkvcwZ, wbkvbv_, wbkvKvšÍ (P‡›`ªi cÖwZkã)|
 Kjv + ai, wbwa, f…r = Kjvai, Kjvwbwa, Kjvf…r (P‡›`ªi cÖwZkã)|
‡kl cÖni - 17
(K) Af¨šÍixb (L) Af¨šÍixY (M) Avf¨šÍixY (N) Avf¨šÍixb
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔAf¨šÍixYÕ ï× evbvb| cvkvcvwk Af¨šÍi, Af¨šÍixY, Avf¨šÍi, Avf¨šÍwiK ï×|
02. ÔRM‡¾¨vwZÕ k‡ãi mwÜ we‡”Q` †KvbwU?
(K) RMr + †R¨vwZ (L) RMZ + †R¨vwZ (M) RM`& + †R¨vwZ (N) RMR + †R¨vwZ
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: ‡Wvbvw` ZvRv wjPz = r [‡m․if Mv½ywji ¯¿x ‡Wvbv Mv½ywj A_©vr †Wvbv w` ZvRv wjPz †L‡Z cQ›` Ki‡Zb]
hw` †Kvb mwÜ k‡ã (Ç, bœ, Ï, Ë, ¾, jø, ”P // b¥, `, ×, Ø, À) _vK‡j we‡”Q‡` 1g wUi ¯ v‡b (r) n‡e| ‡hgb:
AvÇv = Avr + Wv D‡Ëvjb = Dr + †Zvjb m¾b = mr + Rb ki”P›`ª = kir + P›`ª
DÇqb = Dr + Wqb DËxY© = Dr + ZxY© Djøvm = Dr + jvm m”PwiÎ = mr + PwiÎ
DÇxb = Dr + Wxb DËvj = Dr + Zvj DjøvwmZ = Dr + jvwmZ mw”P`vb›` = mr + wP`vb›`
DbœZ = Dr + bZ D¾¡j = Dr + R¡j D‡jøL = Dr + †jL g„b¥q = g„r + gq
DbœxZ = Dr + bxZ RM‡¾¨vwZ = RMr+‡R¨vwZ D‡jøL¨ = Dr + †jL¨ wPb¥q = wPr + gq
Dbœqb = Dr + bqb D¾xeb = Dr + Rxeb DwjøwLZ = Dr + wjwLZ Zb¥q = Zr + gq
RMbœv_ = RMr + bv_ hve¾xeb = hver + Rxeb Djø•Nb = Dr + j•Nb Zb¥‡a¨ = Zr + g‡a¨
DÏxb = Dr + `xb RM¾xeb = RMr + Rxeb D””viY = Dr + PviY m`ycvq = mr + Dcvq
DÏxcb = Dr + `xcb Z¾b¨ = Zr + Rb¨ D”PvwiZ = Dr + PvwiZ m`vb›` = mr + Avb›`
D`NvUb = Dr + NvUb D‡`¨vM = Dr + †hvM D™¢e = Dr + fe D`&wMiY = Dr + wMiY
m`&¸iæ = mr + ¸iæ D`&Mvi = Dr + Mvi D`¨g = Dr + hg Zèwa = Zr + Aewa
K…`šÍ = K…r + AšÍ DØÜb = Dr + eÜb Z`ªæc = Zr + iƒc Z`šÍ = Zr + AšÍ
m`yc‡`k = mr+Dc‡`k Zw×Z = Zr + wnZ D×Z = Dr + nZ D×vi = Dr + nvi
D×…Z = Dr + üZ D‡Øj = Dr + †ej D‡ØM = Dr + †eM KzÀwUKv = Kzr + SwUKv
e¨wZµg: wec¾bK = wec` + RbK; wec`¾vj = wec` + Rvj; wec”Pq = wec` + Pq; bv¾vgvB = bvZ + RvgvB;
e¾vZ = e`& + RvZ; c×wZ = c`& + nwZ, ÿzwbœe„wË = ÿza& + e„wË, GZÏ¦viv = GZ`& + Øviv|
03. Ôÿgvi †hvM¨Õ ÑGi evK¨ ms‡KvPbÑ
(K) ÿgvn© (L) ÿgvcÖv_x© (M) ÿgv (N) ÿgvcÖ`
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: †hvM¨ msµvšÍ hZ GK K_vq cÖKvkÑ
hv wPwe‡q Lvevi †hvM¨ = Pe©¨| hv †P‡U Lvevi †hvM¨ = †jn¨| hv cvb Kivi †hvM¨ = †cq|
iÜ‡bi ‡hvM¨ = cvP¨| Rvwbevi †hvM¨ = ÁvZe¨| hv wb›`vi †hvM¨ bq = Awb›`¨|
ÿgvi †hvM¨ = ÿgvn©| N„Yvi †hvM¨ = N„Yvn© / N„Y¨| Avivabv Kwievi †hvM¨ = Aviva¨|
eiY Kwievi †hvM¨ = e‡iY¨/eiYxq| ‡b․ PjvP‡ii †hvM¨ = bve¨| gvb-m¤§vb cÖvwßi †hvM¨ = gvbbxq|
Avb‡›ì †hvM¨ = b›`| `k©‡bi †hvM¨ = `k©bxq| a¨v‡bi †hvM¨ = †a¨q|
gv_v cvwZqv jBevi †hvM¨ = wk‡ivavh©| ÿgvi A‡hvM¨ = ÿgvn© Nªv‡Yi †hvM¨ = †Nªq|
04. ÔAwÿi mgx‡cÕ ÑGi ms‡ÿcY n‡jvÑ
(K) mgÿ (L) c‡ivÿ (M) cÖZ¨ÿ (N) wbi‡cÿ
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Awÿ/Pÿz msµvšÍ hZ GK K_vq cÖKvkÑ
Pÿzj¾v bvB hvnvi = Pkg‡Lvi| Awÿi A‡MvPi = c‡ivÿ| ‡Pv‡L †`Lv hvq Ggb = Pÿz‡MvPi|
Awÿi mgx‡c = mgÿ| Awÿi mg‡ÿ eZ©gvb/Awÿi Awfgy‡L = cÖZ¨ÿ|
05. ‡Kvb kãwU ï×?
(K) kxniY (L) wknib (M) kxnib (N) wkniY
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: YZ¡ weavbvbyhvqx ÔiÕ Gi c‡i g~a©b¨ ÔY/lÕ nq| †hgbÑ KviY, aviY giY, e¨vKiY, Z…Y, eY©bv BZ¨vw`| Z‡e kZ©
_v‡K †h GB wewa ms¯‥…Z k‡ãi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| evsjv ev Z™¢e k‡ã g~a©b¨ ÔYÕ bv n‡q `šÍ¨ ÔbÕ n‡q _v‡K| †hgbÑ
wknib, aib, Sibv BZ¨vw`| wknib k‡ãi A_©Ñ †ivgvÂ, K¤úb|
06. ‡Kvb †RvowU ÔEwg©Õ k‡ãi mgv_©KÑ
(K) Zi½, Zz½ (L) †XD, c„_¡xk (M) K‡jøvj, g‡bvR (N) exwP, wn‡jøvj
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Ewg© k‡ãi mgv_©K kãmg~nÑ Zi½, †XD, exwP, K‡jøvj, wn‡jøvj, jni|
07. ÔKgjÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã n‡”QÑ
(K) KvšÍi (L) jni (M) cy®‥i (N) Av¯Íi
Drcj, Aiwe›`, c¼R, Kgj, Zvgim, †KvKb`, Kzgy`, ivRxe, cy®‥i, kZ`j, bwjbx, miwmR, m‡ivR,
cÙ
m‡ivei, m‡iviæn, Kzejq, B›`xei, cyÐixÿ|
eb R½j, Kvbb, Mnb, KvšÍvi, ebvbx, AiY¨, AiY¨vbx, AUwe, wewcb, KzÄ, Dceb, ebkÖx|
08. mgvm g~jZ Kq cÖKvi?
(K) Qq (M) cuvP (M) Pvi (N) wZb
 mgvm cÖavbZ 6 cÖKvi (Ø›Ø, Kg©aviq, eûeªxwn, Zrcyiæl, Ae¨qxfve, wØ¸)|
 mgvm g~jZ 4 cÖKvi (Ø›Ø, eûeªxwn, Zrcyiæl I Ae¨qxfve)|
 wØ¸ mgvm‡K A‡bK •eqvKiY (iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi) Kg©aviq mgv‡mi AšÍfz©³ K‡i‡Qb|
 Kg©avivq mgvm‡K A‡bK •eqvKiY Zrcyiæl mgv‡mi AšÍfz©³ K‡i‡Qb|
09. ÔmevÜeÕ †Kvb mgvm? / ÔmwPÎÕ †Kvb ai‡bi mgvm? / ÔmRjÕ †Kvb mgv‡mi D`vniY?
(K) Ø›Ø (L) Zrcyiæl (M) eûeªxwn (N) Ae¨qxfve
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: eûeªxwn mgv‡mi LyuwUbvwU welqÑ
mg¯Íc‡` hv _v‡K e¨vmev‡K¨ hv nq D`vniY
m mwnZ / mn mevÜe = evÜ‡ei mwnZ/evÜemn eZ©gvb, mRj = R‡ji mwnZ eZ©gvb, mwkl¨ =
wk‡lï mwnZ eZ©gvb, mK`©g = K`©‡gi mwnZ eZ©gvb, mwµqv = wµqvi mwnZ
eZ©gvb, mj¾ = j¾vi mwnZ eZ©gvb, m¯¿xK = ¯¿xi mwnZ eZ©gvb, mcyÎ = cy‡Îi
mwnZ eZ©gvb, mk¯¿ = A‡¯¿i mwnZ eZ©gvb, m‡nvì/‡mvì = mn / mgvb Dì
hvi, mwPÎ = wPÎmn eZ©gvb|
mn mgvb mnKg© = mgvb Kg©x hvi, mZx_© = mgvb Zx_© hvi, m‡MvÎ = mgvb †MvÎ hvi|
Aÿ/Awÿ Awÿ Kgjvÿ = Kg‡ji b¨vq Awÿ hvi, weovjvÿx = weov‡ji b¨vq Awÿ Av‡Q hvi|
bvf bvwf cÙbvf = cÙ bvwf‡Z hvi, EY©bvf = EY© bvwf‡Z hvi|
Rvwb Rvqv hyeRvwb = hyeZx Rvqv hvi|
P~o P~ov P›`ªP~o = P›`ª P~ov hvi|
Kg©v Kg© wewPÎKg©v = wewPÎ Kg© hvi, mnKg© = mgvb Kg©x hvi|
MwÜ/MÜv MÜ myMwÜ = myMÜ Av‡Q hvi, grm¨MÜv = gr‡mi b¨vq MÜ hvi|
gvZ…K, cZœxK gvZv, cZœx b`xgvZ…K = b`x gvZv hvi, wecZœxK = we (weMZ) n‡q‡Q cZœx hvi|
10. ÔcÂg ¯îÕ ÑGi A_© Kx?
(K) †KvwK‡ji myijnix (L) cjøe (M) cv‡qi cvZv (N) †èZvi Avivabv
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: cÂg ¯î/ivM Gi A_© ¯îMÖv‡gi cÂg ¯î; ÔcvÕ bvg ¯î ev †KvwK‡ji ¯î| Dchy³ †KvwK‡ji myijnix|
11. ÔgbMovÕ †Kvb mgvm?
(K) Ø›Ø (L) Kg©aviq (M) Zrcyiæl (N) eûeªxwn
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl: mg¯Íc‡ì e¨vmev‡K¨ Z…Zxqv wefw³ (Øviv, w`qv, KZ…©K) _vK‡e| A_ev mg¯Íc‡` Eb, nxb, k~b¨,
Kg GB kã¸‡jv DËic‡` _vK‡jI Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæm mgvm nq| A_ev DcKiY evPK we‡kl¨ c` mg¯Íc‡ì c~e©c‡`
em‡jI Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm nq| †hgb:
gbMov = gb w`‡q cov gaygvLv = gay w`‡q gvLv abvX¨ = ab Øviv AvX¨
G‡Kvb = GK Øviv Eb we`¨vnxb = we`¨v Øviv nxb Ávb k~b¨ = Ávb Øviv k~b¨
¯^Y©gwÐZ = ¯^Y© Øviv gwÐZ P›`bPwP©Z=P›`b Øviv PwP©Z iZœ‡kvwfZ = iZœ Øviv †kvwfZ
nxiKLwPZ = nxiK Øviv LwPZ QvqvkxZj = Qvqv Øviv kxZj Rj‡mPb = Rj Øviv ‡mPb
Giƒc- c``wjZ, †gNjyß, hyw³m½Z, RbvKxY©, b¨vqm½Z, evMweZÐ, †kvKvZ©, kÖgjä BZ¨vw`|
12. bRiæj Bmjv‡gi m¤úvw`Z cwÎKv †KvbwU?
(K) gv‡n bI (L) mIMvZ (M) a~g‡KZz (N) KvwjKjg
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg m¤úvw`Z cwÎKv¸‡jv g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: ayjvMb| GLv‡b ay = a~g‡KZz1922; jv =
jv½j1925; M = MYevYx; b = behyM1920| Ab¨w`‡K gv‡nbI cwÎKvi m¤úv`KÑ Ave`yj Kvwì; mIMvZÑ bvwmiDÏxb;
wkLvÑ Aveyj û‡mb (1g eQi), KvRx †gvZvnvi †nv‡mb (2q I 3q eQi)|
13. Ò‡Q‡jiv wµ‡KU †L‡jÓ GLv‡b Ôwµ‡KUÕ †Kvb Kvi‡K †Kvb wefw³?
(K) KZ©vq k~b¨ (L) K‡g© k~b¨ (M) Ki‡Y k~b¨ (N) Acv`v‡b k~b¨
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: cÖvqB Kg©KviK I KiYKvi‡Ki g‡a¨ wkÿv_©xiv Zvj‡Mvj cvwK‡q †d‡j| D`vnviY ¯îƒc wKQz evK¨-
1. ‡Q‡jiv dzUej †L‡j| GLv‡b dzUej I fwjej KiY KviK Ges wµ‡KU, nwK I †Uwbm Kg©KviK| GUv wbY©‡qi
2. ‡Q‡jiv wµ‡KU †L‡j| mnR Dcvq n‡”Q †Ljvi DcKiY †Kej gvÎ GKwU Zv KiY KviK| Z‡e †h mKj †Ljvi
3. ‡Q‡jiv fwjej †L‡j| DcKiY GKvwaK Zv Kg©KviK| dzUej I fwjej †Ljvi DcKiY †Kej dzUej I fwjej|
4. ‡Q‡jiv nwK †L‡j| Z‡e wµ‡KU †Ljvi DcKiY e¨vU, ej, ÷¨v¤ú, †ej BZ¨vw`| nwK †Ljvi DcKiY nwKw÷K
5. ‡Q‡jiv †Uwbm †L‡j| I ej| †Uwbm †Ljvi DcKiY e¨vU, †Uwbm ej, †bU|
14. ÔnvRvi eQi a‡iÕ ÑDcb¨vmLvbv Kvi iPbv?
(K) Ave`yjøvn Avj gyZx (L) Rwni ivqnvb (M) AvgRv` †nv‡mb (N) gybxi †P․ayix„
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Rwni ivqnv‡bi Dcb¨vmmg~nÑ
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: nvRvi eQi a‡i1964 eid Mjv b`xi1969 cv‡k †kl we‡K‡ji †g‡qi1960 Z…òvq1955 AvwQ| †`wL Avi
KZ w`b1970; nq‡Zv Av‡iK dvêyb1968| meB Rxeb †_‡K †bIqv1970|
15. Kx †f‡` c`vwkÖZ wb‡`©kK wewfbœZi nq?
(K) Kvj‡f‡` (L) cyiæl‡f‡` (M) ePb‡f‡` (N) c`‡f‡`
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ePb (number) c`vwkÖZ wb‡`©k‡Ki wewfbœZv cÖKvk cvq| GKeP‡bi †ÿ‡Î Uv, wU, Lvbv, Lvwb, MvQv, MvwQ
BZ¨vw` Ges eûeP‡bi †ÿ‡Î ¸jv, ¸‡jv, ¸wj, ¸wjb BZ¨vw`|
16. ÔeDw` dvêyb g‡mi m°vj‡ejv Ah_vB eo`vi m‡½ Z° K‡Ë jvMjÕÑGB ev‡K¨ KqwU aŸwbi cwieZ©‡bi D`vniY Av‡Q?
(K) 5 wU (L) 6 wU (M) 7 wU (N) 8 wU
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: eDw` (eDw`w` > eDw` Ñ e¨ÄbPz¨wZ) dvêyb (dvêyb > dv¸b Ñ AšÍn©wZ) m°vj (mKvj > m°vj Ñ e¨Äb
wØZ¡Zv) eo`v (eo`v`v > eo`v Ñ e¨ÄePz¨wZ) Z° (ZK© > Z° Ñ civMZ mgxfeb) K‡Ë (Ki‡Z > K‡Ë Ñ n-Kvi
†jvc)| myZivs GLv‡b 6 wU aŸwbi cwieZ©b Av‡Q|
17. k‡ãi A_©hy³ ÿz`ªZg Ask‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) aŸwb (L) Aÿi (M) iƒc (N) avZz
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: k‡ãi Dcv`vb I DcKiY ev GKK DfqB aŸwb A_ev eY©| Avi k‡ãi ÿz`ªZg GKK‡K ejv nq Aÿi Z‡e
cÖ‡kœi w`‡K fv‡jv K‡i jÿ¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| k‡ãi A_©hy³ ÿz`ªZg Ask‡K ejv nq iƒc (Morpheme)| G Kvi‡Y
kãZ‡Ë¡i Aci bvg iƒcZË¡|
18. Ômgwfe¨vnviÕ k‡ã Dcm‡M©i msL¨vÑ
(K) 4 (L) 3 (M) 2 (N) 1
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: GKvwaK DcmM©hy³ kã we‡køl‡Yi wKQz wbqgÑ
Dcm‡M©i mwVK we‡kølY Ki‡Z n‡j mwÜi wbqg¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© fv‡jv aviYv ivLv AZ¨vek¨K| Z‡e we‡klfv‡e K‡qKwU
wbqg gv_vq ivL‡Z n‡e|
1 h/ h-djv (¨) _vK‡j -(w ) n‡e| †hgb: e¨vKiY = we + Av; cÖZz¨cKvi = cÖwZ + Dc|
2. bvwmK¨ eY©¸‡jv (O, T, Y, b, g) hy³ Ae¯ vq _vK‡j Ges (s) _vK‡j Zvi ¯ ‡j Ñg n‡e| †hgb: AbymÜvb = Aby
+ mg; mwbœwnZ = mg + wb, msjvc = mg; AmshZ = A + mg; msweavb = mg + we|
3. e-djv _vK‡j e-djv hy³ e‡Y©i mv‡_ D-Kvi ( y) n‡e| †hgb: ¯^í = my; my¯^vMZ = my + my + Av|
4. Single Letter _vK‡j Ñ wbjxb eY© (A) em‡e| Z‡e wbjxb eY© emv‡bvi Av‡M jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e ‡h, †mLv‡b
wbjxb eY© em‡e Zvi Av‡Mi Dcm‡M©i †k‡l ÔAÕ D”PvwiZ n‡”Q wKbv| hw` ÔAÕ D”PvwiZ nq Zvn‡j wbjxb eY©
emv‡bv hv‡e bv| ZLb GB DcmM©wU‡K Av‡Mi Dcm‡M©i mv‡_ †hvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| †hgb: ÒAbwZe„nrÓ kãwU‡K
fvO‡j Avgiv Gi g~j kã cvB e„nr Ges DcmM© ÔA b wZÕ| GLb G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ÔAÕ GKwU DcmM© wKš‧ ÔbÕ †Kvb
DcmM© bq Zvi gv‡b single letter| Gi c~‡e© wbjxb eY© (A) em‡e| wKš‧ †hLv‡b Avgiv (A) emve Zvi c~‡e©
wbjxb eY© ÔAÕ DcmM© _vKvq GLv‡b bZzb K‡i ÔAÕ bv ewm‡q ÔbÕ †K Av‡Mi Dcm‡M©i mv‡_ †hvM K‡i wè A_©vr
ÔAbÕ| evwK iBj ÔwZÕ hv ‡Kvb DcmM© bq Zvi gv‡b single letter| Avi Gi c~‡e© †h‡nZz ÔAÕ D”PvwiZ n‡”Q bv
ZvB ÔwZÕ Gi c~‡e© ÔAÕ em‡e w`‡q ùvov‡e ÔAwZÕ| A_©vr AbwZe„nZ kãwU‡Z ÔAbÕ Ges ÔAwZÕ `yBwU DcmM© Av‡Q|
Zvn‡j Dchy©³ wbqgvbyhvqx Òmgwfe¨vnviÓ = mg + Awf + we + Av + nvi| GLv‡b 4wU DcmM© hy³ Av‡Q|
A_© msKjb: Ômgwfe¨vnviÕ kãwU wµqv we‡klY, hvi A_© m‡½, GK‡hv‡M ev msNe× n‡q| †hgbÑ gš¿x AgvZ¨ mgwfe¨vnvi
ivRv wkKvi Pj‡jb|
19. Ô`viÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
(K) †Nvov (L) cZœx (M) ìRv (N) Rvbvjv
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: `vi k‡ãi A_© cZœx| Z‡e Øvi k‡ãi A_© ìRv|
20. wb‡Pi †Kvb evbvbwU mwVK?
(K) ¯^vqZ¡ (L) ¯^vqË (M) ¯^vqË¡ (N) mvqË¡
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: mwÜi wbqgvbymv‡i e-djv _vK‡j Zvi we‡”Q‡` D/E-Kvi n‡e| †hgb: ¯^í = my + Aí, ¯^vqË = my + AvqË|
Abyiƒcfv‡e, ¯^vqËkvmb evbvbwU †`L‡Z cvwiÑ ¯^vqËkvmb = my + AvqË + kvmb| Av‡iv wKQz kã hv mwÜi wbq‡g
MwVZÑ b~¨bZg = wb + Eb + Zg; b~¨bvwaK = wb + Eb + AwaK; wbixÿY = wbt + CÿY; ey ¨rcwË = we + DrcwË; ‡cÖv¾¡j
= cÖ + D¾¡j; mËv = mr + Zv; mË¡ = mr + Z¡; e¨_© = we + A_©; Av`¨vÿi = Av`¨ + Aÿi; Av‡`¨vcvšÍ = Av`¨ + DcvšÍ|
‡kl cÖni - 18
01. ï×iƒc †KvbwU?
(K) Kj¨vYxqvmy (L) Kj¨vYxqvly (M) Kj¨vYx‡qmy (N) Kj¨vYxqvï
 ¯¿xevPK m¤¢vl‡Y †k‡l (Av+my) n‡e| †hgb: Kj¨vYxqvmy, myPwiZvmy, c~RYxqvmy, gvbbxqvmy, mywcÖqvmy BZ¨vw`|
 cyiælevPK m¤¢vl‡Y †k‡l (G+ly) n‡e| †hgb: Kj¨vYx‡qly, Kj¨vYe‡ily, cÖxwZfvR‡bly, wcÖqe‡ily, kÖ×v¯ú‡`ly,
myPwi‡Zly, myüè‡ily, Kj¨vYxqe‡ily, wcÖqfvR‡bly, kÖ×vfvR‡bly, eÜye‡ily, kÖxPi‡Yly, myR‡bly, †mœnv¯ú‡`ly BZ¨vw`|
02. ‡Kvb evsjv c‡ì mwÜ nq bv?
(K) wµqv (L) Ae¨q (M) we‡kl¨ (N) we‡klY
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: cÖPwjZ wKQz eB‡q Ae¨q c` †Ìqv Av‡Q hv fzj| evsjv Ae¨q c‡ì mwÜ nq| ‡hgb: wKsev = wKg& + ev; wKš‧
= wKg& + Zz; ciš‧ = cig + Zz; Z_vwc = Z_v + Awc; AZGe = AZt + Ge; evisevi = evig& + evi; BZ¨vw` =
BwZ + Avw`; cybð = cybt + P BZ¨vw`| me©bvg c‡ì mwÜ nq bv| ‡hgb: Avgiv, Avgv‡ì, Zzwg, †Zvgiv, Zviv, ‡m
BZ¨vw` Avcwb PvB‡jI mwÜi wbq‡g fv½‡Z cvi‡eb bv| Avevi wµqv c‡ìI mwÜ nq bv| wµqvg~j / avZzi mv‡_ cyiæl
Abyhvqx Kvjm~PK wµqvwefw³ †hvM K‡i wµqvc` MVb Kiv nq| †hgb: Ôco‡QÕÑ co (avZz) + †Q (wefw³)|
jÿbxq: me©bvg I wµqvc‡ì mwÜ nq bv| Z‡e Ack‡b `y‡UvB _vK‡j me©bvg m‡ev©Ëg DËi n‡e| Zvn‡j mwÜ nq
we‡kl¨, we‡klY I Ae¨q c‡ì|
03. cvcgy³ (cvc n‡Z gy³) †Kvb mgvm?
(K) Kg©aviq (L) Zrcyiæl (M) eûeªxwn (N) Ae¨qxfve
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: cÂgx Zrcyiæl: mg¯Íc‡ì e¨vmev‡K¨ cÂgx wefw³ (n‡Z, †_‡K, †P‡q) _vK‡e| A_ev mvaviY Pz¨Z, RvZ, AvMZ,
fxZ, MÖnxZ, gy³, weiZ, DËxY©, cvjv‡bv, åó BZ¨vw` e¨vmev‡Kï cic‡` _vK‡j cÂgx Zrcyiæl mgvm nq| ‡hgb:
wejvZ †diZ = wejvZ †_‡K †diZ †euvUvLmv = †euvUv †_‡K Lmv ¯‥zjcvjv‡bv = ¯‥zj †_‡K cvjv‡bv
†Rjgy³ = †Rj †_‡K gy³ ‡`kcjvZK = †`k †_‡K cjvZK ewnivMZ = evwni †_‡K AvMZ
‡RjLvjvm = †Rj †_‡K Lvjvm AvMv‡Mvov = AvMv †_‡K †Mvov LuvPvQvov = KuvPv †_‡K Qvov
cvcgy³ = cvc n‡Z gy³ FYgy³ = FY †_‡K gy³ c_åó = c_ n‡Z åó
04. ÔmeyRcÎÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K †K?
(K) Ck¦i ¸ß (L) ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq (M) Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi (N) cÖg_ †P․ayix
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv M‡`¨ PwjZixwZi cÖeZ©K cÖg_ †P․ayix meyRcÎ (1914) cwÎKvi m¤úv`K|
D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwÎKv, mvgwqKx I m¤úv`K
bvg cÖ_g cÖKvk m¤úv`K bvg cÖ_g cÖKvk m¤úv`K
c~e©kv 1932 mÄq fÆvPvh© K‡jøvj 1923 `x‡bkiÄb `vk
MÖvgevZ©v cÖKvwkKv 1863 Kv½vj nwibv_ gRyg`vi mgvPvi `c©Y 1818 Rb K¬vK© gvk©g¨vb
ZË¡‡evwabx 1843 AÿqKzgvi `Ë myavKi 1894 ‡kL Ave`yi iwng
gvwmK gnv¤§`x 1903 ‡gvnv¤§` AvKig Luv e½`k©b 1872 ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
mgKvj 1957 wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi msev` cÖfvKi 1831 Ck¦iP›`ª ¸ß
05. wb‡Pi †KvbwU we‡kl¨ c`?
(K) RvZ (L) •MwiK (M) D×Z (N) Mv¤¢xh©
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔRvZÕ we‡klYevPK c`wUi A_©- R‡b¥‡Q Ggb; Ô‣MwiKÕ we‡klYevPK c`wUi A_©- wMwigvwUi eY©wewkô; ÔD×ZÕ
we‡klYevPK c`wUi A_©- hvi ¯^fv‡e wbY©‡qi Afve Ges ÔMv¤¢xh©Õ we‡klëvPK c`wUi A_©- M¤¢xiZv ev M¤¢xi fve|
06. Ôbó nIqv ¯^fve hviÕ GK K_vq n‡eÑ
(K) wb`vN (L) bk¦i (M) bógvb (N) webk¦i
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: ¯’vqx/ A¯’vqx msµvšÍ hZ GK K_vq cÖKvkÑ
bó nIqvB ¯^fve hvi = bk¦i hv wPi¯ vqx bq = bk¦i hv KL‡bv bó nq bv = Awebk¦i
‡h ev¯‧ †_‡K DrLvZ n‡q‡Q=D×v¯‧ hv ¯ vqx bq = A¯ vqx ¯ vqx wVKvbv †bB hvi = D×v¯‧
ÿYKvj e¨vwcqv ¯ vqx = ÿY¯ vqx hvi evm¯ vb †bB = Awb‡KZb Ni bvB hvnvi = nv N‡i
AíKvj ¯ vwqZ¡ hvi = ÿYf½yi wPiKvj e¨vwcqv ¯ vqx = wPi¯ vqx hvi †R¨vwZ †ewkÿY ¯ vqx nq bv=ÿYcÖfv
07. ÔRy‡ZvÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlvixwZi?/ Ôey‡bvÕ †Kvb fvlvixwZi kã?
(K) mvay (L) PwjZ (M) cÖvK…Z (N) †Kvj
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvay I PwjZ fvlvi kãmg~n †Ìqv n‡jv-
mvay PwjZ mvay PwjZ mvay PwjZ
g¯ÍK gv_v RyZv Ry‡Zv eb¨ ey‡bv
wPbv ‡Pbv Zzjv Zz‡jv MÖvg¨ ‡Mu‡qv
e¨vNª evN ï®‥/ ïKbv ïK‡bv gyVv gy‡Vv
g‡b ivL‡eb ‡hfv‡e: PwjZ fvlvq mvaviYZ k‡ãi †kl e‡Y© ÔI-KviÕ w`‡q D”PvwiZ nq| †hgb: Ry‡Zv, Zz‡jv, ïK‡bv|
08. ÔA¤îÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã †KvbwU?
(K) P›`ª (L) m~h© (M) bft (N) †gN
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: AvKvk k‡ãi mgv_©K kãmg~nÑ AbšÍ, A¤î, A¤îZj, Avmgvb, AšÍixÿ, wbjxgv, Aå, MMb, bf, bft, †e¨vg,
`y¨‡jvK, Qvqv‡jvK, b‡fvgÐj, k~b¨, `y¨|
09. ‡KvbwU kIKZ Imgv‡bi iPbv bq?
(K) †P․imwÜ (L) µxZ`v‡ki nvwm (M) †fRvj (N) ewb Av`g
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: kIKZ Imgv‡bi Dcb¨mmg~nÑ
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: ivRcyiæl Rbbx µxZ`v‡mi nvwm †`L‡Z cyivZb LÄi nv‡Z RjvsMx cvi n‡q †bK‡o Ai‡Y¨ cÖ‡ek
Ki‡jv| ivRmvÿx `yB •mwbK ivRv DcvL¨v‡b †P․imwÜ K‡i cZ½wcÄi †f‡½ Rvnvbœvg nB‡Z we`vq wbj|
Ab¨w`‡K Ô‡fRvjÕ myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© iwPZ weL¨vZ KweZv|
10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Aï×?
(K) AwnsmÑmwnsm (L) cÖmbœÑwelYœ (M) †`vlxÑwb‡`©vlx (N) wb®úvcÑcvwcbx
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: †h mKj we‡kl‡Yi †k‡l C-Kvi Av‡Q, Zvi ïiæ‡Z wb DcmM© †hvM n‡j †k‡li C-Kvi wejyß nq| †hgb-
wbicivax n‡e bv, n‡e wbiciva; wb‡`©vlx n‡e bv, n‡e wb‡`©vl BZ¨vw`|
11. wj½všÍi nq bv †Kvb kãwUi?
(K) Wv³vi (L) †avcv (M) †Kbvwb (N) bvwcZ
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Wv³vi, †avcv Ges bvwcZ kã¸‡jvi ¯¿xwj½ h_vµ‡g gwnjv Wv³vi, †avcvbx Ges bvwcZvwb| Ab¨w`‡K †Kbvwb
k‡ãi †Kv‡bv ¯¿xevPK iƒc †bB|
12. ÔMvwo †÷kb Qv‡oÕ GLv‡b Ô‡÷kbÕ †Kvb Kvi‡K †Kvb wefw³?
(K) KZ©„Kvi‡K k~b¨ (L) Kg©Kvi‡K k~b¨ (M) Acv`v‡b k~b¨ (N) AwaKi‡Y k~b¨
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: Acv`vb I AwaKiY
Acv`vb [`vb gv‡b K‡g hvIqv A_©vr we‡qvM () eySv‡e] AwaKiY [AwaK gv‡b †e‡o hvIqv A_©vr †hvM () eySv‡e]
1. Mvwo †÷kb Qv‡o| [GLv‡b †÷kb †_‡K Mvwo () eySv‡Q] 1. Mvwo †÷kb †cu․Qv‡jv|[GLv‡b †÷k‡b Mvwo ‡hvM () eySv‡Q]
2. †g‡N e„wó nq/Kvj †g‡N e„wó nq|[‡gN †_‡K e„wó () n‡”Q] 2. Qv‡` e„wó c‡o| [Qv‡o e„wó () n‡”Q]
3. MvQ n‡Z djwU coj| †PvL/bqb w`‡q Rj/AkÖæ c‡o| 3. cvZvq cvZvq c‡o wbwki wkwki|[cvZvq wkwki () n‡”Q]
4. g‡b c‡o †mB •R¨ô `ycy‡i cvVkvjv cjvqb| 4. g‡b c‡o †mB •R¨ô `ycy‡i cvVkvjv AvMgb|
5. cv‡c weiZ nI| covq weiZ n‡qv bv| 5. cov‡kvbvq gb `vI| covq gb `vI| Kv‡R gb `vI|
6. me wSby‡K gy³v †g‡j bv| wZ‡j •Zj nq| 6. wSby‡K gy³v †g‡j| wZ‡j •Zj Av‡Q|
7. Qv‡` cvwb c‡o| Qv` †_‡K cvwb c‡o| 7. Qv‡`/ cvZvq/ cyKz‡i e„wó c‡o| AvKvk †g‡N XvKv|
8. ïf wigv‡ì evwo †L‡q G‡m‡Q| 8. evwo Ny‡i Gm| ‡Mvqv‡j Miæ Av‡Q|
9. ¯‥zj cvwj‡q †KD iex›`ªbv_ nq bv| R‡j ev®ú nq 9. Mv‡Q KvuVvj †Mvu‡d †Zj| Qv` †_‡K b`x †`Lv hvq|
 Avwg XvKv †_‡K ivRkvnx hvw”Q / †Uªb XvKv †Q‡o ivRkvnx †cu․Qvj| GLv‡b XvKv Acv`vb I ivRkvnx AwaKiY
KviK|
13. evsjv Aÿ‡ii cÖ_g bKkv •Zwi K‡ibÑ
(K) W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn (L) ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq (M) DBwjqvg †Kix (N) Pvj©©m DBjwKÝ
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv Aÿ‡ii cÖ_g bKkv •Zwi K‡ib Pvj©m D&BjwKÝ| Z‡e wZwb AevOvwj| evsjv Aÿ‡ii cÖ_g evOvwj
bKkvKvi cÂvbb Kg©Kvi|
14. ÔZuvi m‡½ cÖwZw`bB †`Lv nq †`Lv n‡jB wZwb wR‡Ám K‡ib fv‡jv Av‡QbÕ Ñ D×…Zvs‡k cÖ‡qvRbxq hwZwP‡ýi msL¨vÑ
(K) 2 wU (L) 3 wU (M) 4 wU (N) 5 wU
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: Zuvi m‡½ cÖwZw`bB ‡`Lv nq| †`Lv n‡jB wZwb wR‡Ám K‡ib, Òfv‡jv Av‡Qb?Ó myZivs 4 wU hwZwPý n‡e|
15. ÔGZUzKz Zv‡i N‡i G‡bwQby †mvbvi gZb gyLÕÑG Pi‡Yi ÔUzKzÕ AskwU e¨vKiwYK bvgÑ
(K) cÖZ¨q (L) AbymM© (M) DcmM© (N) c`vwkÖZ wb‡`©kK
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: UvK, UzK, UzKz, †Uv GB PviwU kã ev‡Kï wbw`©óZv I Awbw`©óZv DfqB A_© cÖKvk K‡i| †hgb: meUyKz Ilya
†L‡q †dj| (wbw`©óZv)| ‡cvqvUvK `ya `vI (Awbw`©óZv)| GZUzKz Zv‡i N‡i G‡bwQby †mvbvi gZb gyL (Awbw`©óZv)|
16. ‡Kvb k‡ãi h-djv (¨) DwPZ ev †hvM¨ A‡_© eëüZ nq wb?
(K) Kvg¨ (L) mvgMÖ¨ (M) aZ©e¨ (N) mn¨
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: Kvg¨ = Kvgbvi †hvM¨; mvgMÖ¨ = m¤ú~Y©; aZ©e¨ = aiv DwPZ Ggb; mn¨ = mnb †hvM¨|
17. ÔweØvb †jvK mK‡ji kÖ×vi cvÎÕ ÑGwU †Kvb ai‡bi evK¨?
(K) wehy³ evK (L) RwUj evK¨ (M) †h․wMK evK¨ (N) mij evK¨
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: GKwU KZ©v Ges GKwU mgvwcKv wµqv _vK‡j Zv‡K mij evK¨ e‡j| Z‡e GKvwaK AmgvwcKv wµqv _vK‡Z
cv‡i| GB ev‡K¨ ÔmK‡jiÕ KZ©v Avi ÔnqÕ wµqvc` hv Dn¨ Av‡Q| ‡hgb:- evev evRv‡i wM‡q evRvi K‡i evmvq
Avm‡jb| GLv‡b wM‡q I K‡i AmgvwcKv wµqv|
AmgvwcKv wµqv wbY©q Ki‡eb †hfv‡e: †Kv‡bv wµqvi †k‡l G, †j, †Z GB wZbwUi †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU _vK‡j Zv
AmgvwcKv wµqv|
18. ÔivRvÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã bq ‡KvbwU?
(K) b„cwZ (L) A¤^ycwZ (M) gnxcwZ (N) b„c
DËi: (L)| e¨vL¨v|
b„‡c›`ª, b„cwZ, f~c, f~cvj, ivR¨cvj, `Ðcvj, wÿwZc, wÿwZcwZ, gnx›`ª, wÿZxk, ev`kv, m¤ªvU, b‡ik, f~cwZ,
bicwZ, gnxcvj, `Ðai, bicvj, b‡i›`ª, cÖRvwac, b„c, gnxbv_, gnxc|
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e:
ivRv  f~ + cwZ, c = f~~cwZ, f~c (ivRvi cÖwZkã); wÿwZ + cwZ, c, Ck = wÿwZcwZ, wÿwZc, wÿZxk (ivRvi
cÖwZkã); gnx + cvj, bv_, c, B›`ª = gnxcvj, gnxbv_, gnxc, gnx›`ª (ivRvi cÖwZkã)|
 bi / b„ + cwZ, c, cvj, B›`ª, Ck = b„cwZ, b„c, b„‡c›`ª, bicwZ, b‡i›`ª, b‡ik (ivRvi cÖwZkã)|
19. ‡h f~wg‡Z dmj Rb¥vq bvÑ
(K) cwZZ (L) Abye©i (M) Eli (N) eÜ¨v
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡h Rwg‡Z dmj nq bv = Eli; ‡h Rwgi Drcvw`Kv kw³ bvB = Abye©i; c‡o Av‡Q Ggb Rwg = cwZZ/
Abvev`x| GLv‡b, ‡h bvixi †Kv‡bv mšÍvb nq bv = eÜ¨v|
20. ÔexiejÕ †Kvb †jL‡Ki QÙbvg?
(K) Avey BmnvK (L) mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq (M) cÖg_bv_ wekx (N) cÖg_ †P․ayix
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv mvwn‡Zï wewfbœ †jL‡Ki QÙbvg I Dcvwa-
cÖK…Z bvg QÙbvg/ Dcvwa cÖK…Z bvg QÙbvg/ Dcvwa
iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi fvbywmsn/ wek¦Kwe cÖg_ †P․ayix exiej
KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg ayg‡KZz/ we‡`ªvnx Kwe Kv‡Rg Avj †Kviv‡qkx Kvq‡Kvev`
gxi gkviid †nv‡mb MvRxwgqv/ D`vmxb cw_K kvgmyi ingvb AvaywbK Kwe/ bvMwiK Kwe
‡PKPuv` VvKzi c¨vixPuv` wgÎ wenvixjvj PµeZ©x ‡fv‡ii cvwL
RmxgDÏxb ZzRv¤î Avjx/ cjøxKwe Bk¦iP›`ª ¸ß hyM mwÜÿ‡bi Kwe
fviZP›`ª ivq ¸YvKi myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© wK‡kvi Kwe
Kvq‡Kvev` gnvKwe m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë Q‡›ì Rv`yKi
‡kL AvwRRyi ingvb kIKZ Imgvb AbšÍ eo–qv eo– PÐx`vm
mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq bxj‡jvwnZ diiæL Avng` gymwjg †i‡bmuvi Kwe
ivgbvivqY ZK©iZœ `xbeÜz wgÎ ivqevnv`yi
Rxebvb›` `vk iƒcmx evsjvi Kwe/ wZwgi ‡eMg †iv‡Kqv Mrs. R.S. Hossain
nb‡bi Kwe mvLvIqvZ †nv‡mb gymwjg bvix RvMi‡Yi cw_K…r
‡kl cÖni - 19
01. mgvme× c`‡K wK e‡j? / mgvm wb®úbœ c`‡K wK e‡j?
(K) mgm¨gvb c` (L) mg¯Íc` (M) e¨vmevK¨ (N) weMÖn evK¨
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: mgv‡mi cÖZxwZ 5wU| h_v: D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ mgv‡mi cÖZxwZ wPwýZ KiY:
K. mgm¨gvb c` mg¯Íc` c~e©c` cic`
L. c~e©c`
M. cic` / DËi c` / ‡klc` wmsnvmb = wmsn wPwýZ Avmb
N. e¨vmevK¨ / weMÖnevK¨ / mgvm evK¨
O. mg¯Íc`/mgvmhy³ c`/mgve× c`/mgvm wb®úbœ c`| mgm¨gvb c` mgm¨gvb c` mgm¨gvb c`
e¨vmevK¨
02. ÔlôÕ ÑGi mwÜ-we‡”Q` †KvbwU?

(K) lU& + _ (L) lô + _ (M) ll& + _ (N) ll& + V
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔóÕ _vK‡j (l& + Z) n‡e Ges ÔôÕ _vK‡j (l& + _) n‡e| †hgb:
Kó = Kl& + Z bó = bl& + Z K…wó = K…l& + wZ e„wó = e„l& + wZ
m„wó = m„l& + wZ üó = ül& + Z lô = ll& + _
A_© msKjb: üó - Avbw›`Z, cyjwKZ, Lykx| üó Gi ¯¿xwj½ - üóv|
03. Ôce©ZÕ Gi mgv_©K kã bq-
(K) cvnvo (L) wMwi (M) wkjv (N) •kj
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: ÒAPj Aw`ª AM
cvnvo, f~ai, wkLix, wMwi, bM, gnxai, k„½ai, gnxaª ‣kj wMwi bM
ce©Z
APj, •kj, Aw`ª, k„½x, k„½, f~f…r| wkLix k„½x gnxai
cvnvo k„½ f~aiÓ
04. Ô‡Muvd †LRy‡iÕ †Kvb mgvm?
(K) e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn (L) e¨vwaKiY eûeªxwn (M) wØ¸ (N) ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: eûeªxwn mgvm 8 cÖKv‡ii mswÿß Av‡jvPbvÑ
1. mgvbvwaKiY c~e©c` we‡klY I cic` we‡kl¨ n‡e| bxjKÉ = bxj KÉ hvi, cxZv¤î, nZkÖx, D”Pwki, Zxÿèeyw×,
†Lvk‡gRvR, Rei`w¯Í, cK¡‡Kk, üZme©¯^|
2. e¨vwaKiY c~e©c` I cic` DfqB we‡kl¨ n‡e| Avkxwel = Avkx‡Z wel hvi, exYvcvwY, K_vme©¯^, †euvUvLmv,
cÙbvf, cvZv‡Quov, eRª‡`n, `y Kvb KvUv|
3. e¨wZnvi c~e©c‡` ÔAvÕ I cic‡` BÑKvi hy³ n‡e| KvbvKvwb = Kv‡b Kv‡b †h K_v, jvVvjvwV, PzjvPzwj|
4. cÖZ¨qvšÍ mg¯Íc‡` (Av, G, I) cÖZ¨q‡hv‡M n‡e| ‡`vUvbv = `yB w`‡K Uvb hvi, †`vgbv, †`vbjv, GK‡PvLv,
GKN‡i|
5. ga¨c`‡jvcx ga¨c‡ì e¨vL¨vsk †jvc cv‡e| ‡mvbvgyLx =†mvbvi gZ D¾¡j gyL hvi, weovjvÿx, bevbœ|
6. msL¨vevPK c~e©c‡` msL¨v, cic‡` we‡kl¨, mg¯Íc` cÂvbb = cÂ Avbb hvi, `kvbb, †P․Pvjv, `kMwR,
we‡klY n‡e| `knvwZ|
7. bT c~e©c‡` bTv_©K ev bv †evaK Ae¨q n‡e| wbf©j = †bB fzj hvi, AÁvb = b Ávb hvi|
8. AjyK c~e©c‡` I cic‡` wefw³ †jvc cv‡e bv| Mjvq MvgQv = Mjvq MvgQv hvi, Kv‡b Lv‡Uv, gv_vq QvZv|
05. ÔQvocÎÕ Kvi iwPZ MÖš’?
(K) ey×‡è emy (L) Awgq PµeZ©x (M) myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© (N) weòz †`
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: myKvšÍ fÆvPv‡h©i Kve¨MÖ¯’mg~nÑ
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: niZv‡ji1926 c~e©vfv‡m1950 Awfhvb1953 eÜ| ZvB Nyg †bB1950 e‡j QvocÎ1947 Kve¨ coe| wK¯‧
Gfv‡e Pj‡j †`k AvKv‡j1943 co‡e|
GLv‡b, ÔniZvjÕ kãwU ¸RivwU fvlvi kã|
06. Ôhv c~‡e© wQj GLb †bBÕ ÑGK K_vq wK n‡e?
(K) Ac~e© (L) A`„óc~e© (M) Af~Zc~e© (N) f~Zc~e©
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: c~e© msµvšÍ hZ GK K_vq cÖKvkÑ
hv c~‡e© †kvbv hvqwb = AkÖæZc~e©| hv c~‡e© wQj GLb †bB = f~Zc~e©| hv c~‡e© wPšÍv Kiv hvq wb = AwPšÍc~e©|
hv c~‡e© †`Lv hvqwb = A`„óc~e©| c~‡e© hvnv nq bvB = Ac~e©| hv c~‡e© wQj GLbI Av‡Q = Af~Zc~e©|
07. ÔMxZvÄwjÕ Kv‡eï Bs‡iwR Abyev`K †K?
(K) WweøD we B‡qUm (L) GRiv cvDÛ (M) wU Gm GwjqU (N) iex›`ªiv_ VvKzi
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii weL¨vZ Kve¨MÖš  ÔMxZvÄwjÕ cÖKvwkZ nq 1910 mv‡j| wZwb wb‡RB MxZvÄwji Bs‡iwR Abyev`
ïiæ K‡ib 1912 mv‡ji w`‡K| MxZvÄwji wKQz Mv‡bi Abyev` K‡i †`b weªwUk †jLK I Abyev`K eªv`vi †Rgm I †Rv
DB›Uvi| Bs‡iwR‡Z Ab~w`Z ÔMxZvÄwjÕ Kve¨MÖ‡š i f~wgKv wj‡Lb weL¨vZ AvBwik Kwe W. B. Yeats. MxZvÄwji cÖksmv
K‡i mgv‡jvPbvg~jK †jLv cÖKvk K‡ib GRiv cvDÛ|
08. Ô‡nW ‡g․jwfÕ †Kvb †Kvb fvlvi kã †hv‡M MwVZ n‡q‡Q?
(K) Bs‡iwR + dvwm© (L) Bs‡iwR + Aviwe (M) ZzwK© + Aviwe (N) Bs‡iwR + cZz©wMR
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: evsjv fvlvq eëüZ wKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wgkÖ kãÑ
ivRvev`kvÑ Zrmg + dviwm nvUevRviÑ evsjv + dviwm wPwoqvLvbvÑ wnw›` + dviwm
‡P․nwÏÑ dviwm + Aviwe kvKmewRÑ Zrmg + dviwm ‡nW‡g․jwfÑ Bs‡iwR + dviwm
Wv³viLvbvÑ Bs‡iwR + dviwm ZvRgnjÑ dviwm + Aviwe AvBbRxexÑ dviwm + Zrmg
wLª÷vãÑBs‡iwR + Zrmg gv÷vigkvB- Bs‡iwR + Z™¢e Rv`yNiÑ dviwm + evsjv
‡Lvk‡gRvRÑ dviwm + Aviwe ‡nWcwÐZÑ Bs‡iwR + Zrmg c‡KUgviÑ Bs‡iwR + evsjv
‡eUvBgÑdviwm + Bs‡iwR ‡d․R`vwiÑ Aviwe + dviwm KvwjKjgÑ evsjv + Aviwe
09. ‡h․wMK I wgkÖev‡K¨ c„_K fvevcbœ `yB ev Zvi †ewk ev‡Kï mgš^q ev ms‡hvM †evSv‡Z †Kvb wPý eëüZ nq?
(K) ‡Kvjb (L) †mwg‡Kvjb (M) W¨vm (N) nvB‡db
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡h․wMK I wgkÖev‡K¨ c„_K fvevcbœ `yB ev Zvi †ewk ev‡Kï mgš^q ev ms‡hvM †evSv‡Z eëüZ nq W¨vm wPý|
†hgb:- †Zvgiv `wi‡`ªi DcKvi Ki Ñ G‡Z m¤§vb hv‡e bv Ñ evo‡e|
we¯ÍvwiZ Ò‡kl cÖni - 3Ó Gi 3 bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v †`Lyb|
10. Ôwn‣ZlxÕ k‡ãi mwÜ we‡”Q` †KvbwU?
(K) wnZ + Glx (L) wnZ + Hlx (M) wnZ + Gwl (N) wnZ + Hkx
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Ôwn‣ZlxÕ k‡ãi mwÜ we‡”Q` wbY©q Ki‡Z wM‡q mvaviYZ wkÿv_x©‡ì g‡a¨ cÖvq fzj Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| †hgb: wnZ
+ Hlx bvwK wnZ + Glx| Avmyb †`‡L †bIqv hvK †KvbwU ï×Ñ
ÔGlvÕ A_© Kvgbv Avi ÔGlxÕ - KvgbvKvix| Avi ÔHlxÕ e‡j A_©‡evaK †Kvb kãB †bB| evbvbUv ÔHkxÕ hv Hk Gi
¯¿xiƒc| Gi A_© Hk¦im¤^Üxq/ Hk¦wiK| Zvn‡j wn‣Zlx (wnZ + Glx) k‡ãi A_© `vuov‡jv g½j KvgbvKvix|
11. ¸iæR‡b fw³ Ki ÑÔ¸iæR‡bÕ †Kvb Kvi‡K †Kvb wefw³?
(K) KZ©vq 7gx (L) Ki‡Y 7gx (M) K‡g© 7gx (N) m¤úª`v‡b 7gx
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: m¤úª`vb KviK wPwýZ Ki‡Yi mnR m~Î: wµqvi m‡½ ÒKv‡KÓ †hvM K‡i cÖkœ Ki‡j †h DËi cvIqv hvq Ges
e¨w³‡K hw` †Kv‡bv wKQzi gvwjKvbv G‡Kev‡iB cÖ`vb Kiv nq Zvn‡j Zv m¤úª`vb Kvi| †hgb: wfLvix‡K wfÿv `vI
(Kv‡K = wfÿvix‡K; Ges wfÿv G‡Kev‡iB ¯^Z¡ Z¨vM K‡i cÖ`vb Kiv nq, cieZ©x‡Z †diZ ‡bqv nq bv)| Giƒc,
¸iæR‡b fw³ Ki| wkÿK‡K kÖ×v Ki| mrcv‡Î Kb¨v `vb Ki| AÜR‡b †`n Av‡jv| mwgwZ‡Z Pvu`v `vI| Ô†ejv †h c‡o
Gj, Rj‡K Pj|Õ
we‡kl `ªóe¨: G‡Kev‡i ¯^Z¡ Z¨vM Kiv bv n‡j, m¤úª`vb KviK bv n‡q Kg© KviK n‡e| †hgb: †avcv‡K Kvco `vI (Kv‡K
= †avcv‡K); jÿYxq welq n‡jv †avcv‡K †h Kvco †`qv nq Zv †avcv G‡Kev‡iB wb‡q hvq bv, cwi®‥vi Kivi ci †diZ
w`‡q hvq| myZivs GwU Kg©Kvi‡Ki D`vnviY|
12. ev‡K¨-g‡a¨ c~‡e© eëüZ, A_ev AÁvZ, †KvbI msÁv ev bv‡gi cwie‡Z© †h mKj k‡ãi cÖ‡qvM nq, †m¸‡jv‡K e‡jÑ
(K) KviK (L) mgvm (M) iƒcZË¡ (N) me©bvg
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ev‡K¨-g‡a¨ c~‡e© eëüZ A_ev AÁvZ †KvbI msÁv ev bv‡gi cwie‡Z© †h mKj k‡ãi cÖ‡qvM nq, †m¸‡jv‡K
e‡j me©bvg| †hgb: bebx Mvb Ki‡Q| Zvi Mv‡bi Mjv Lye wgwó| GL‡b 2q ev‡Kï ÔZviÕ c`wU cÖ _g ev‡Kï ÔbebxÕ
c`wUi cwie‡Z© eëüZ n‡q‡Q|
13. ‡KvbwU ï×?
(K) Dr+Qvm = D”Q¡vm (L) gbm&+Clv = gbxlv (M) cÖwZ+Dl = cÖZ~¨l (N) cyit+Kvi = cyi¯‥vi
DËi: (L, N)|
e¨vL¨v: D”Q¡vm Gi mwÜ we‡”Q` n‡e Dr + k¦vm| Avi cÖZ~¨l = cÖwZ + El| gbxlv (gbm& + Clv) wbZ¨ e¨Äb mwÜ Ges
cyi¯‥vi (cyit + Kvi) wemM© mwÜi D`vniY hv wVK Av‡Q| myZivs GLv‡b (L) I (N) `y‡UvB DËi n‡e|
14. Ò‡R¨‡ôi eZ©gv‡b Kwb‡ôi we‡qÓ ÑGK K_vq cÖKvk Kx n‡e?
(K) cwi‡e`b (L) cwieÜb (M) cwiPviY (N) cwbYqb
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: Ô‡R¨‡ôi eZ©gv‡b Kwb‡ôi we‡qÕ GK K_vq cÖKvk - cwie‡`b| evwK Ackb¸‡jvi AvwfavwbK A_© †bB|
15. ‡KvbwU Zrmg kã?
(K) Pvgvi (L) Cgvb (M) bÿÎ (N) †evóg
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: Zrmg ev ms¯‥…Z kã †Pbvi DcvqÑ
1. (Y, l, F, ÿ, þ) hy³ mKj kãB Zrmg fvlvi kã n‡e| †hgb: e¨vKiY, FY, ‡NvlYv, Fwl, eªvþY, `ÿ BZ¨vw`|
2. Zrmg DcmM© Ges Zrmg cÖZ¨q w`‡q MwVZ kã Zrmg kã n‡e| †hgb: cÖnvi, cwinvi, gyw³, evK¨, `k©b BZ¨w`|
3. wemM© mwÜi hZ D`vniY Av‡Q Zv Zrmg fvlvi kã n‡e| †hgb: Avwe®‥vi, cÖwZôvb, `y‡h©vM, g‡bv‡hvM BZ¨vw`|
4. evsjv evi gv‡mi I mvZ ev‡ii bvg¸‡jv Zrmg fvlvi kã n‡e| †hgb: kwb, †mvg, Avlvp, kÖveY, fv`ª BZ¨vw`|
5. mKj µgevPK ev c~iYevPK (cÖ_g, `kg BZ¨vw`) kã, gnvKvk msµvšÍ (P›`ª, m~h©, bÿÎ, ayg‡KZz, Dév, MÖn,
bxnvwbKv BZ¨vw`) kã, `k w`‡Ki bvg (DËi, `wÿY, ClvY, DaŸ©, Aat BZ¨vw`) Ges wn›`y ag© msµvšÍ (ivgvqY,
gnvfviZ, c~Rv BZ¨vw`) kã Zrmg fvlvi kã n‡e|
GLv‡b, Pvgvi Ñ LvuwU evsjv ev Z™¢e; Cgvb Ñ Aviwe; ‡evóg Ñ Aa©-Zrmg fvlvi kã|
16. ÔOÕ aŸwbwUi mwVK D”PviY †KvbwU?
(K) Dg¨ (L) D‡gv (M) Du‡qv (N) D‡g¨v
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: e¨venvwiK evsjv Awfavb Abyhvqx ÔOÕ aŸwbi D”PviY D‡qv| Avi ÔTÕ aŸwbi D”PviY Bu‡qv|
17. ÔMgbÕ k‡ãi g~j avZz †KvbwU?
(K) MwZ (L) MZ (M) Mg¨ (N) Mg&
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: avZz ev wµqvig~j †ei Kivi mnR DcvqÑ
1. ejv msµvšÍ = ∙eP&| †hgb: evP¨, ePb, e³e¨, D³, Dw³|
2. †`Lv msµvšÍ = ∙`„k&| †hgb: `k©b, `k©bxq, `k©K, `„k¨gvb, `„k¨, `„wó, `„ó, `ªóe¨|
3. ‡kvbv msµvšÍ = ∙kÖæ| †hgb: kÖeY, kÖeYxq, kÖve¨, kÖæZ, kÖæwZ, †kÖvZv|
4. cov msµvšÍ = ∙cV&| †hgb: cvV¨, cvVK, cVb, cVbxq, cwVZ, cwVZe¨|
5. Pjv msµvšÍ = ∙Pj&| ‡hgb: PvjK, Pjb, Pjbxq, PjšÍ, Pwjòz, Pjgvb, PwjZ, Pjv|
6. Kiv msµvšÍ = ∙K…| †hgb: Kvh©, KiY, KiYxq, KviK, KZ©v, KZ©e¨, Kg©|
7. hvIqv msµvšÍ = ∙Mg&| †hgb: MZ, weMZ, MwZ, Mgb, MšÍe¨|
8. m„wó msµvšÍ = ∙m„R&| ‡hgb: ¯ªóv, ¯ªó, m„wó, m„Rb|
9. ¯§iY msµvšÍ = ∙¯§„| †hgb: ¯§„wZ, ¯§iY, ¯§iYxq, ¯§viK|
10. c~Rv msµvšÍ = ∙c~R&| †hgb: c~Rv, c~RK, c~Rvwi, c~Rbxq, c~wRZ|
11. hy³ msµvšÍ = ∙hyR&| †hgb: hy³, hyw³, †hvMx, †hvRb, †hvRK|
18. Ôjvf Kivi B”QvÕ GK K_vq wK e‡j?
(K) ‡jvf (L) wjáv (M) †jvfx (N) eyfzÿv
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: B”Qv msµvšÍ hZ GK K_vq cÖKvkÑ
‡eu‡P _vKvi B”Qv = wRRxwelv| gyw³ cvIqvi B”Qv = gygyÿv| nbb Kiv B”Qv = wRNvsmv|
‡fvRb Kivi B”Qv = eyfzÿv| ejvi B”Qv = weeÿv| gi‡Yi B”Qv = gyg~l©v|
‡`Levi B”Qv = w``„ÿv| weRq jv‡fi B”Qv = wewRMxlv| Mgb Kivi B”Qv= wRMwglv/Rv‡q”Qv|
Rq Kivi B”Qv = wRMxlv| AbyKiY Kivi B”Qv = AbywPKxl©v| ewg Kwievi B”Qv = weewglv|
igb ev m½‡gi B”Qv = wiismv| AbymÜvb Kivi B”Qv = AbymwÜrmv| AcKvi Kivi B”Qv = AcwPKxl©v|
Kivi B”Qv = wPKxl©v| ÿgv Kivi B”Qv = wPÿwglv/wZwZÿv| wb›`v Kivi B”Qv = Ry¸áv|
‡eu‡P _vKvi B”Qv = wRRxwelv| jvf Kivi B”Qv = wjáv| Rvbevi B”Qv = wRÁvmv|
cvb Kivi B”Qv = wccvmv| ‡mev Kivi B”Qv = ïkÖælv| kÖeY Kivi B”Qv = kÖe‡Y”Qv|
19. Ôb`xÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K bq?
(K) MvO (L) Ziw½Yx (M) •kewjbx (N) cvUwb
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: b`x k‡ãi mgv_©K kãmg~nÑ ZwUbx, Ziw½bx, cÖevwnYx, Kjw¯^bx, MvO, wbS©vwiYx, mwir, ‡¯ªvZw¯^bx, †¯ªvZ¯^Zx,
•kewjbx, K‡jøvwjbx, cqw¯^bx, mgy`ªKvšÍ| GLv‡b, ÔcvUwbÕ k‡ãi A_© Ñ ‡Lqv cvi K‡i †h|
20. ÔAcivnèÕ ‡Kvb mgvm?
(K) Kg©aviq (L) Zrcyiæl (M) eûeªxwn (N) Ae¨qxfve
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: 6ôx Zrcyiæ‡li LyuwUbvwU welqÑ
 (mn, Zzj¨, wbf, cÖwZg) _vK‡j 6ôx Zrcyiæl nq| †hgbÑ cZœxmn = cZœxi mn, Kb¨vmn, m‡nvì/ ‡mvìcÖwZg|
 Kv‡ji †Kvb Ask‡evaK Av‡M _vK‡j Zv c‡i e‡m| †hgbÑ c~e©vnè = A‡ýi c~e©fvM, Acivnè = A‡ýi †kl fvM, ga¨vý =
A‡ýi ga¨ fvM, mvqvý = A‡ýi mvq (Aemvb) fvM|
 cic‡` (ivwR, MÖvg, e„›`, MY, h~_) cÖf…wZ mgwóevPK kã _vK‡j 6ôx Zrcyiæl mgvm nq| †hgbÑ ¸YMÖvg = ¸‡Yi
MÖvg, n¯Íxh~_ = n¯Íxi h~_, QvÎe„›` = Qv‡Îi e„›`|
 ÔAa©Õ mg¯Íc‡ì c~e©c‡` _vK‡j e¨vmev‡K¨ Zv cic‡` nq| †hgbÑ Aa©c_ = c‡_i Aa©, Aa©Puv` = Puv‡ì Aa©|
‡kl cÖni - 20
01. fvlvi g~j Dcv`vb Kx?
(K) kã (L) aŸwb (M) Aÿi (N) evK¨
DËi: (L)| e¨vL¨v: TechniQue:
fvlvi g~j Dcv`vb = aŸwb / eY© g‡b ivL‡eb ‡hfv‡e: Dcv`vb evbv‡b ÔbÕ Av‡Q aŸwb evbv‡bI ÔbÕ
fvlvi g~j DcKiY = evK¨ Av‡Q| †Zgwb DcKi‡Y ÔKÕ ev‡KÏ ÔKÕ Av‡Q|
02. ÔPZz®ú`Õ k‡ãi mwÜ-we‡”Q` †KvbwU?
(K) PZzi + c` (L) PZzl© + c` (M) PZz + c` (N) PZzt + c`
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: hw` †Kvb mwÜ k‡ã (k, l, m) hy³ Ae¯ vq _vK‡j Zvi we‡”Q‡Z (k, l, m) Gi ¯ ‡j (t) n‡e| †hgb:
bg¯‥vi = bgt + Kvi gb¯‥vgbv = gbt + Kvgbv wb®‥i = wbt + Ki Avwe®‥vi = Avwet + Kvi
wZi¯‥vi = wZit + Kvi fv¯‥i = fvt + Ki `y®‥i = `yt + Ki cyi¯‥vi = cyit + Kvi
wbõj = wbt + dj `y®úÖvc¨ = `yt + cÖvc¨ PZz®úvk¦© = PZzt + cvk¦© wb¯Ívi = wbt + Zvi
BZ¯ÍZ = BZt + ZZ `ywðšÍv = `yt + wPšÍv wb‡¯ÍR = wbt + †ZR bf¯ j = bft + _j
wbðq = wbt + Pq wki‡ñ` = wkit + †Q` wb®úvc = wbt + cvc `y®úvP¨ = `yt + cvP¨
wbðj = wbt + Pj wb®úÖ‡qvRb = wbt+cÖ‡qvRb `yðwiÎ = `yt + PwiÎ gb¯Ívc = gbt + Zvc
cybð = cybt + P PZz®ú` = PZzt + c` wb®újK = wbt + cjK ewn®‥„Z = ewnt + K…Z
abyósKvi = abyt+UsKvi åvZz®úyÎ = åvZzt + cyÎ PZz‡®‥vY = PZzt + †KvY ewn®‥vi = ewnt + Kvi|
03. Ô‡NvovÕ-Gi mgv_©K kã bq †KvbwU?
(K) Ak¦ (L) †NvUK (M) ZziM (N) M`©f
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Ak¦ k‡ãi mgv_©K kãmg~nÑ evRx, ZziM, Zzi½, Zzi½g, †Nvov, †NvUK, †NvUKx, †n«lv, nq|
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: †NvUK, †NvUKx A‡k¦i mv‡_ evRx a‡i ZziM, Zzi½, Zzi½g nq| GLv‡b, M`©f A_© Mvav, g~L©|
04. ÔAšÍixcÕ mg¯Íc`wU †Kvb eûeªxwn mgv‡mi AšÍM©Z?
(K) cÖZ¨qvšÍ eûeªxwn (L) msL¨vevPK eûeªxwn (M) wbcvZ‡b eûeªxwn (N) e¨vwaKiY eûeªxwn
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: wbcvZ‡b wm× eûeªxwn mgvm (‡Kv‡bv wbq‡gi Aax‡b bq)-
1. cwÐZg~L© = cwÐZ n‡qI †h g~L© 2. bicï = bivKv‡ii cï †h 3. Rxeb¥„Z = RxweZ †_‡KI †h g„Z
4. Øxc = `yB w`‡K Ac hvi 5. AšÍixc = AšÍM©Z Ac hvi|
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: cwÐZg~L© bicï‡ì Rxeb¥„Z Ae¯ v †`‡L Zv‡ì Øx‡c AšÍixc Kiv nj|
05. Ô‡è`ËÕ †Kvb mgvm? / Ô¸iæfw³Õ †Kvb mgvm?
(K) PZz_© Zrcyiæl (L) cÖvw` Zrcyiæl (M) Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl (N) cÂgx Zrcyiæl
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: PZz_©x Zrcyiæl: mg¯Íc‡ì e¨vmev‡K¨ PZz_©x wefw³ (‡K, †i, R‡b¨, wbwg‡Ë) _vK‡e| †hgb:
we‡qcvMj = we‡qi Rb¨ cvMj ivbœvNi = ivbœvi Rb¨ Ni gvj¸`vg = gv‡ji Rb¨ ¸`vg
cvMjvMvi` = cvMjv‡ì Rb¨ Mvi` WvKgvïj = Wv‡Ki Rb¨ gvïj †mPbKjm = ‡mP‡bi wbwg‡Ë Kjm
gvcKvwV = gv‡ci Rb¨ KvwV nR¡hvÎv = n‡R¡i wbwg‡Ë hvÎv ‡è`Ë = †è‡K `Ë
Z‡cveb = Z‡ci wbwg‡Ë eb ‡`k †cÖg = ‡`‡ki Rb¨ †cÖg emZevwo = em‡Zi wbwg‡Ë evwo
Giƒc, evwjKvwe`¨vjq, QvÎvevm, gymvwdiLvbv, wkïg½j, Avivg‡K`viv BZ¨vw`|
06. ÔPZ¡vwiskÕ kãwU †Kvb msL¨vÁvcK?
(K) Pzqvwjøk (L) Pwjøk (M) †P․wÎk (N) PweŸk
DËi: (L)| e¨vL¨v: wb‡¤œi 13bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v ‡`Lyb|
07. bZzb kã MVb K‡iÑ
(K) mwÜ I mgvm (L) mwÜ I KviK (M) mgvm I c` (N) cÖZ¨q I cyiæl
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡QvvU I mnR k‡ãi mvnv‡h¨ eo I RwUjZi kã •Zwi‡K e‡j kãMVb| kãMVb cÖwµqv wewfbœ Ges †m¸‡jv
bvbv wewPÎ A_© cÖKv‡k mnvqZv K‡i| †hgbÑ 1. k‡ãi Av‡M DcmM© †hvM K‡i (Dcnvi)| 2. k‡ãi †k‡l cÖZ¨q †hvM
K‡i (XvKvB = XvKv + AvB)| 3. mwÜi mvnv‡h¨ (wngvPj = wng + APj)| 4. mgv‡mi mvnv‡h¨ (wmsnvmb = wmsn
wPwýZ Avmb)| 5. cÖev`-cÖeP‡bi mvnv‡h¨ (gyL ivLv)|
08. ÔD`y©Õ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K G‡m‡Q?
(K) dviwm (L) Aviwe (M) wnw›` (N) ZzwK©
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔD`©yÕ ZzwK© fvlvi kã| ÔBs‡iwRÕ cZ©ywMR fvlvi kã| Ôwnw›`Õ I ÔevsjvÕ dviwm fvlvi kã|
09. wb‡Pi †Kvb evbvbwU fzj?
(K) jÚb (L) AKg©Y¨ (M) ¯^vqËkvmb (N) †m․nv`©
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: †i‡di ci †Kv_vI e¨Äb e‡Y©i wØZ¡ n‡e bv| †hgb: Kg©, kZ©, m~h©, †m․›`h©©, Hk¦h©, KZ©v, KvwZ©K, ag©, •ah©,
gvayh©, gvR©bv, R`©v, Kvh©vjq BZ¨vw`| e¨wZµg: AN©¨ (c~Rvi DcKiY), ng©¨ (AÆwjKv), ‣`N©¨, eR©¨, gZ©¨, mvg_©¨,
†m․nv`©¨, N~Y©¨gvb, •be¨©w³K, Pe¨©‡Pvl¨, •eeY©¨| GB kã¸‡jv ms¯‥…Z fvlvi kã| mvaviYZ GB kã¸‡jv evsjv fvlvq
eëüZ nq bv| Ackb (K) Gi jyÚb evbvbwU wkÿv_©xiv fzj fve‡Z cv‡i| KviY ÔUÕ eM©xq e‡Y©i hy³e¨Ä‡b ÔYÕ e‡m|
Z‡e evbvbwU fv‡jv K‡i jÿ¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| ÔjyÉbÕ ej‡j Zv‡Z ÔYÕ em‡e wKš‧ ÔjÚbÕ ej‡j Zv‡Z ÔbÕ em‡e| KviY
ÔjÚbÕ kãwU Bs‡iwR ÔLantern’ ‡_‡K G‡m‡Q| myZivs mwVK DËi (N)|
10. wb‡Pi †Kvb evK¨wU ï×?
(K) Avcwb ¯^cwiev‡i Avgwš¿Z (L) Avcwb ¯^cwievi Avgwš¿Z
(M) Avcwb mcwiev‡i Avgwš¿Z (N) Avcwb mcwievi Avgwš¿Z
DËi: (N)|
e¨vL¨v: Ackb¸‡jv‡Z `ywU welq jÿYxq ÑGKUv n‡”Q ¯^/m Gi evbvb; AciwU cwievi k‡ãi †k‡l ÔGÕ wefw³ Av‡Q ev
‡bB| ÔmÕ Gi A_© mv‡_ ev mn Avi Ô¯^Õ Gi A_© wbR| Zvigv‡b Ackb (K), (L) cÖ_‡gB ev` KviY †KD †Zv Avi Zvi
wbR cwiev‡i Avgwš¿Z bv| Ackb (M), (N) †Z ÔmÕ A_© mv‡_ A_©vr mcwievi A_© cwiev‡ii mv‡_| ZvB mcwievi
kãwUi mv‡_ ÔGÕ-Kvi †hvM Ki‡j Zv fzj n‡e|
11. AbymM© eënv‡ii †ÿ‡Î mvay ixwZ‡Z Abym‡M©i c~Y©iƒc I PwjZ ixwZ‡Z mswÿß iƒcÑ
(K) nq (L) KLbI KLbI nq (M) nq bv (N) KL‡bvB nq bv
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: AbymM© eënv‡ii †ÿ‡Î mvay ixwZ‡Z Abym‡M©i c~Y©iƒc I PwjZ ixwZ‡Z mswÿß iƒc KLbI KLbI nq, memgq
nq bv| †hgb: ÒcyÎ nB‡Z wcZ…myL Avi nB‡e bv|Ó Ñmvay ixwZi G&B ev‡K¨ Abym‡M©i c~Y©iƒc ÔnB‡ZÕ eëüZ n‡q‡Q|
Avevi, GKB ev‡Kï PwjZ iƒc ÒcyÎ n‡Z wcZ…myL Avi n‡e bv|Ó ÑGLv‡b Abym‡M©i mswÿß iƒc Ôn‡ZÕ eëüZ n‡q‡Q|
Z‡e gv‡S gv‡S mvay-PwjZ Dfq †ÿ‡ÎB Abym‡M©i GKB iƒc eëüZ nq| †hgb: ÒL›`Kv‡ii cÖwZ we›`ygvÎ Av¯ v Kwi‡Z
cvwi‡ZwQ bv|Ó ÑPwjZ ixwZi GB evK¨ Dfq †ÿ‡ÎB Abym‡M©i GKB iƒc ÔcÖwZÕ eëüZ n‡q‡Q|
12. ‡KvbwUi Av‡M ¯¿xevPK kã‡hv‡M wj½všÍi Ki‡Z nq?
(K) †bZv (L) Kwe (M) `vZv (N) ev`kvn
DËi: (L)
e¨vL¨v: KZ¸‡jv cyiælevPK k‡ãi Av‡M ¯¿xevPK kã cÖ‡qvM K‡i ¯¿xevPK kã MVb Kiv nq| †hgbÑ KweÑgwnj Kwe,
Wv³vi- gwnjv Wv³vi, mf¨-gwnjv mf¨, Kg©©x-gwnjv Kg©x, wkíx-gwnjv ev bvix wkíx, •mb¨Ñbvix/ gwnjv ‣mb¨, cywjk-
gwnjv cywjk| GLv‡b, ev`kv k‡ãi ¯¿xevPK ‡eMg; †bZv k‡ãi ¯¿xevPK †bÎx|
13. Ô69Õ ÑGi µgevPK iƒc Kx?
(K) belUwZZg (L) †lvobewZZg (M) be‡lvowZZg (N) DbmßwZZg
Kjvg - 1 Kjvg - 2 Kjvg - 3 Kjvg - 4 msL¨vi µgevPK iƒc wbY©‡qi c×wZ
GK 10 - 18 10 `k ‡h msL¨vi µgevPK iƒc †ei Ki‡Z n‡e Zv hw` cv‡ki
Øv/wØ 19 - 28 20 wesk Q‡Ki 3q Kjv‡gi msL¨v nq Zvn‡j Zvi µgevPK wjwLZ
Î‡qv/wÎ 29 - 38 30 wÎsk iƒc n‡e 4_© Kjvg| Avi hw` 3q Kjv‡gi msL¨v¸‡jv
PZz 39 - 48 40 PZ¡vwisk e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv msL¨v nq Zvn‡j Av‡M msL¨vwU‡K
cÂ 49 - 58 50 cÂvkËg fvO‡Z n‡e| †hgb: 48 (8+40), 34 (4+30)| Gevi
lU&/‡lvo 59 - 68 60 lwóZg Avjv`v Avjv`v K‡i Zv D”PviY Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb:- 48
mß 69 - 78 70 mßwZZg Gi †ÿ‡Î 8 Gi µgevPK iƒc Aó/ Aóv Ges 40 Gi
Aó/Aóv 79 - 88 80 AvkxwZZg µgevPK iƒc PZ¡vwisk| myZivs 48 Gi µgevPK iƒc n‡e
be 89 - 98 90 bewZZg Aó/Aóv PZ¡vwisk| Gfv‡e 34 Gi µgevPK iƒc n‡e PZz
Eb(1Kg) 19, 29, 39 -GB msL¨v¸‡jv Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ wÎsk|
jÿYxq: ‡h KqwU msL¨vi †k‡l 9 Av‡Q A_©vr 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79, 89, 99 ÑGB msL¨v¸‡jv‡K Ab¨vb¨
msL¨vi gZ fvO‡j n‡e bv| G‡ì‡K cieZ©x msL¨v †_‡K 1 we‡qvM K‡i fvO‡Z n‡e| †hgb: 69 (70  1); myZivs Gi
µgevPK msL¨v n‡e Eb mßwZZg| Gfv‡e evwKme¸‡jv Ki‡Z n‡e|
(K) m~wPw¯§Zv (L) m~wP¯§xZv (M) myPxw¯§Zv (N) mywPw¯§Zv
DËi: (bvB)|
e¨vL¨v: cÖ`Ë kã¸‡jv evsjv Awfav‡b bvB| †h bvixi nvwm my›ì = myw¯§Zv; †h bvixi nvwm KzwUjZv ewR©Z ev cweÎ =
ïwPw¯§Zv|
15. Òwewbg©vYÓ k‡ã ÔweÕ DcmM©wU Kx A‡_© cÖhy³ n‡q‡Q?
(K) BwZevPK (L) †bwZevPK (M) ms‡KvPb (N) cÖmviY
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: cÖPwjZ A‡bK MvB‡W GB cÖ‡kœi DËi ÔcÖmviYÕ †`qv Av‡Q hwÌ Zv fzj| KviY wbg©vY k‡ãi A_© ‣Zwi| ÔweÕ
DcmM©wU hy&³ n‡j Zv BwZevPKZv †evSvq| †hgb: †Zvgvi wek¦we`¨vj‡q covi ¯^cœ wewbg©v‡Y Avgiv e× cwiKi| GLv‡b
GUv †evSv‡”Q bv †h, †Zvgvi ¯^cœ Av‡Q wKš‧ †mUv †QvU; Avgiv †mUv‡K cÖmviY Kie| GL‡b GUv †evSv‡”Q †h,
wek¦we`¨vj‡q covi ¯^cœ Already ‡Zvgvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q, Avgiv ïay †Zvgvi ¯^cœUv‡K ev¯Í‡e GKUv BwZevPK iƒc w`‡Z
msKíe×|
16. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Ô‡RvovKjgÕ kã?
(K) †auvqvkv (L) †eAv‡°j (M) ninv‡gkv (N) AKg©v
DËi: (K)|
e¨vL¨v: ‡RvovKjg- `ywU kã †K‡U, †Rvov jvwM‡q GKwU bZyb kã MwVZ n‡j Zv‡K †RvovKjg ev †hvRbv kã e‡j|
†hgb:- †avuqv + Kyqvkv = †avuqvkv, wgbZ + webwZ = wgbwZ BZ¨vw`| GLv‡b, †eAv‡°j, ninv‡gkv, AKg©v kã¸‡jv
DcmM©‡hv‡M MwVZ|
17. ‡Kvb Kve¨wU cjøxKwe RmxgD`&`xb iwPZ?
(K) •PZvwj (L) ivLvjx (M) dwbgbmv (N) Av‡jv c„w_ex
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: RmxgD`&`x‡bi Kve¨mg~nÑ
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: ivLwj1927 nvmyKv‡›`1963 evjyP‡ii1930 iƒceZx1946 mwLbv‡K1959 †`L‡Z njy` eiYxi1966 bKkx
Kuv_vi (gvV)1929 kvwo wK‡b iwOjv bv‡qi gvwS‡K1935 m‡½ K‡i avb‡ÿZ1933 cvi n‡q †mvRb evwì Nv‡U1934 †Mj|
D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Zuvi GKwU gvÎ Dcb¨vm †evevKvwnbx1964|
18. AvBbÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv ‡_‡K AvMZ?
(K) Aviwe (L) dvwm© (M) D`©y (N) wnw›`
DËi: (L)|
e¨vL¨v: TechniQue: dviwm kã g‡b ivLvi wKQz UzwKUvwK Dcvq
01. 6wU iO e¨ZxZ mKj cÖKvi iO dviwm| h_v:- bxj, njy`, KgjvÑ Zrmg, Kv‡jvÑ †`wk, g¨v‡RÛvÑ BZvwj,
PK‡jUÑ g¨vw·Kvb|
02. dviwm DcmM©hy³ (e`, ei, ì, Kvi, bv, e, †e, wd, Kg, wbg) mKj kãB dviwm kã| †hgb:- †eZvi, †eZvj,
wbgivwR, KviLvbv BZ¨vw`|
03. ÔAvBbÕ msµvšÍ †ewkifvM kãB Aviwe| †hgb:- Av`vjZ, Avmvwg, Bk‡Znvi, DwKj, GRjvm, Kvbyb, KvRx,
Pvcivwk, †Riv, Zvgvw`, bvwRi, dwiqvw`, dqmvjv, g‡°j, gvgjv, gyÝx, gy‡Ýd, gyûwi, gyjZex, †gqv`, †gv³vi,
†gvKÏgv, mvwjm, nvwKg| Avevi KvVMov/KvUviv ms¯‥…Z kã; Rwigvbv kãwU ÔAviwe+dviwmÕ A_©vr wgkÖ kã| Z‡e
AvBb, ìevi, `v‡ivMv, bvwjk, †cqv`v, †ckKvi, †d․R`vwi GB kã¸‡jv dviwm|
04. k‡ãi †k‡l Mi/Ki _vK‡j Ges Zv hw` †Kv‡bv †ckv‡K †evSvq Zvn‡j Zv dviwm kã| †hgb:- hv`yKi, evwRKi,
mI`vMi, KvwiMi BZ¨vw`| [ARMi, mvMi, AvqKi, fqsKi -GB kã¸‡jvi †k‡l Mi/Ki _vK‡jI Zv †Kv‡bv
†ckv‡K ‡evSvq bv e‡j G¸‡jv dviwm kã bq; G¸‡jv ms¯‥…Z kã]
05. k‡ãi †k‡l (`vi, evR, ew›`, mB) GB 4wU cÖZ¨‡qi †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU _vK‡j Zv dviwm kã| †hgb:- LwiÏvi,
K…Z`vi, AK…Z`vi, Rwg`vi, `dv`vi, †`bv`vi, cvIbv`vi, Svo–`vi, Askx`vi, duvwKevR, PvjevR, isevR,
†evgvevR, PvcvevR, awoevR, `ybx© wZevR, PvùvevR, M„new›`, Kvivew›`, Revbew›`, bRiew›`, ivRew›`, RyZmB,
†UKmB, gvbvbmB, PjbmB (¯^vÿi A‡_© eëüZ wUcmB, bvgmB, eÛmB, †PKmB, RvjmB ms¯‥…Z kã)|
19. Ô‡KkÕ-Gi mgv_©K kã-
(K) KzšÍj (L) gq~i (M) jjvU (N) kÎæ
‡Kk Keix, Pzj, KzšÍj, wPKzi, †Kkcvk, †Kk`vg, AjK|
‡KKv, †KKx, en©x, Kjvcx, wkLx, wkLÐx, wmZvcv½v|
gq~i
g‡b ivL‡eb †hfv‡e: Kjvcxi Pvi †g‡q †KKv, †KKx, wkLx, wkLÐx|
Kcvj fvj, fvM¨, wbqwZ, jjvU, •è, AwjK, A`„ó|
kÎæ Awi, AiK, AivwZ, wicy, cÖwZcÿ, •ewi|
20. ÔAvgivÕ kãwU †Kvb mgv‡mi D`vniY?
(K) Zrcyiæl mgvm (L) Kg©aviq mgvm (M) GK‡kl Ø›Ø (N) Ae¨qxfve mgvm
DËi: (M)|
e¨vL¨v: ÔAvgivÕ GwU GK‡kl Ø›Ø mgvm Avevi wbZ¨ mgvmI nq| Z‡e GUv wbf©i Ki‡e Zv‡ì e¨vmevK¨ Abyhvqx| hw`
e¨vme¨‡Ki cic` Abyhvqx mg¯Íc` MwVZ nq Zvn‡j Zv GK‡kl Ø›Ø n‡e| †hgbÑ Rvqv I cwZ = `¤úwZ; ‡m I Zzwg =
†Zvgiv; †m, Zzwg I Avwg = Avgiv| Ab¨w`‡K ‡h mgv‡m mgm¨gvb c`¸‡jv wbZ¨ mgvme× _v‡K, e¨vmev‡Kï ìKvi
nq bv, Zv‡K wbZ¨ mgvm e‡j| †hgbÑ Ab¨MÖvg = MÖvgvšÍi, †Kej `k©b = `k©bgvÎ, Zzwg, Avwg I †m = Avgiv|
 evsjv fvlvq †g․wjK ¯îeY© 6wU| h_v- A, Av, B, D, G, I|

 evsjv fvlvq †g․wjK ¯îaŸwb 7wU| h_v- A, Av, B, D, G, I, A¨v| Z‡e, evsjv
eY©gvjvq †g․wjK ¯îeY©/ ¯îaŸwb e‡j Zvn‡j 6wU n‡e| h_v- A, Av, B, D, G, I|
 n«¯^ ¯î 4wU| h_v- A, B, D, F|
 `xN© ¯î 7wU| h_v- Av, C, E, G, H, I, J|
GK bR‡i wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 10g †_‡K 40Zg
40Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 24. ÒmKv‡j DwVqv Avwg g‡b g‡b ewj 14. ÔZzwg †Zv fvwi my›ì Qwe AvuK!Õ
01. Øviv, w`qv, KZ…©KÑevsjv e¨vKiY Abyhvqx mvivw`b Avwg †hb fv‡jv n‡q PwjÓ Ñ ÑevK¨wU‡Z ‡Kvb cÖKv‡ii Ae¨q c`
Ñ Z…Zxqv wefw³| g`b‡gvnb ZK©vj¼vi| eëüZ n‡q‡Q Ñ Abš^qx Ae¨q|
25. Ph©vc‡` †Kvb ag©g‡Zi K_v Av‡Q Ñ 15. ‡KvbwU Acv`vb KviK Ñ †Uªb †÷kb
02. ÔAwfivgÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx Ñ my›ì|
†e․×ag©| †Q‡o‡Q|
03. evsjv K…r cÖZ¨q mvwaZ kã †KvbwU Ñ
26. DwjøwLZ †Kvb iPbvwU cyuw_ mvwn‡Zï 16. Ôeuvab nvivÕ KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi
†Ljbv|
AšÍM©Z bq Ñ gqgbwmsn MxwZKv| †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv Ñ Dcb¨vm|
04. ‘Attested’ÑGi evsjv cwifvlvÑ 27. DwjøwLZ‡ì g‡a¨ †K cÖvPxb hy‡Mi Kwe 17. ‡KvbwU e¨wZnvi eûeªxwni D`vniY Ñ
cÖZ¨wqZ| bb Ñ igbxcv`| KvbvKvwb|
05. ‡KvbwU ï× evbvb Ñ ‡cÖv¾¡j| 28. RxebxKve¨ iPbvi Rb¨ weL¨vZ: e„›`veb `vm| 18. ÔAv¸bÕ Gi mgv_©K kã Ñ Abj|
06. Ô‡RvQbvÕ †Kvb ‡kÖYxi kãÑAa©-Zrmg| 29. ‣eòe c`vewji m‡½ †Kvb fvlvi 19. ‡Kvb kãwU DcmM© w`‡q MwVZ n‡q‡Q Ñ
07. ÔwRRxwelvÕ kãwU w`‡q †KvSvqÑ †eu‡P m¤úwK©Z Ñ eªRewj| Avbb, AvNvUv|
_vKvi B‡”Q| 30. RmxgD`&`x‡bi iPbv Ñ hv‡ì †`‡LwQ| 20. ÔHand out’ Gi ï× evsjv cwifvlv
08. Òme©v½xYÓ k‡ãi mwVK cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨qÑ 31. ÔwKš‧ gvbyl KL‡bv cvlvY nq bvÕ ÑDw³wU n‡”Q Ñ ÁvcbcÎ|
me©v½+Cb| †Kvb Dcb¨v‡miÑew½gP‡›`ªi ÔivRwmsnÕ| 21. mvay I PwjZ fvlvi g~j cv_©K¨ †Kvb
09. A‡bï iPbv †_‡K Pzwi Kiv‡K ejv 32. Bqs‡e½j †Mvôxfz³ wQ‡jbÑ gvB‡Kj c‡` ‡ewk †ewk †`Lv hvq Ñ wµqv I
nqÑKzw¤¢jKe„wË| gaym~`b `Ë| me©bvg|
10. ÔEY©bvfÕ Ñ kãwU w`‡q eySvqÑ gvKomv| 33. Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvwU †Kvb m‡b cÖ_g
cÖKvwkZ nq Ñ1921 mb| 38Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
11. ki‡Zi wkwki-evMaviv kãwUi A_© Ñ
34. ÔAv¸b cvwLÕ Dcb¨vmwUi iPwqZv †K Ñ 01. ï× evbv‡b †jLv n‡q‡Q Ñ wÎfzR|
mymg‡qi eÜz| 02. †KvbwU‡Z AccÖ ‡qvM N‡U‡Q Ñ GKwÎZ|
12. wke ivwÎi mj‡ZÑevMavivwUi A_© Ñ nvmvb AvwRRyj nK|
35. ÔGKz‡k †deªæqvixÕi weL¨vZ MvbwU myiKvi 03. evsjv fvlvq eëüZ †g․wjK ¯îaŸwb KqwU
GKgvÎ mšÍvb| Ñ 7wU|
Ñ AvjZvd gvngy`|
13. Ò‡cÖvwlZfZ©„KvÓÑkãwUi A_© Ñ †h bvixi 04. ÔevevÕ †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ kã Ñ ZzwK©|
¯^vgx we‡`‡k Ae¯ vb K‡i| 39Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 05. 'Null and Void'- Gi evsjv cwifvlv
14. ev‡Kï wµqvi mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ c‡ì †h 01. ‡Kvb DcmM©wU wfbœv‡_© cÖhy³ÑDc‡fvM †KvbwU Ñ evwZj|
m¤úK© Zv‡K e‡j Ñ KviK| 02. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi iwPZ †K․ZzK bvUK n‡”Q 06. †KvbwU ï× evbvb Ñ ¯^vqËkvmb|
15. ÔMxR©vÕ †Kvb fvlvi AšÍM©Z kã Ñ Ñ •eKz‡Éi LvZv| 07. ÔwMwbœÕ †Kvb †kÖwYi kã Ñ A_©-Zrmg|
cZz©wMR| 03. gxi gkviid †nv‡mb iwPZ MÖš  n‡”Q Ñ 08. ÔkÖ×vÕ k‡ãi mwVK cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨q †KvbwU Ñ
16. ‡Kvb kãhyMj wecixZv_©K bq Ñ Hw”QK- MvRx wgquvi e¯Ívbx| kÖr + ∙av + A + Av|
Abvewk¨K| 04. Ô‡e`všÍMÖš Õ I Ô‡e`všÍmviÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ 09. Ôcy®ú‡m․ifÕ †Kvb mgvmÑ Zrcyiæl|
17. evsjv AvaywbK Dcb¨vm-Gi cÖeZ©K ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq| 10. Ôm~h©Õ k‡ãi mgv_© kã †KvbwU Ñ AK©|
wQ‡jbÑ ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq| 05. gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm ÔAv¸‡bi 11. ÔþÕ hy³eY©wU MwVZ n‡q‡QÑ n& + g|
18. ÒwKš‧ Avi‡¤¢i c~‡e©I Avi¤¢ Av‡Q/ mÜ¨v cikgwYÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ ûgvq~b Avn‡g`| 12. Ôm‡`¨vRvZÕ k‡ãi ï× mwÜwe‡”Q` †KvbwU
06. ÔRxeb †_‡K †bqvÕ Pjw”PÎwUi cwiPvjK Ñ m`¨t + RvZ|
†ejvq `xc R¡vjvi Av‡M/ mKvj †ejvq
†K Ñ Rwni ivqnvb| 13. Ôe¨³Õ k‡ãi wecixZv_©K kã Ñ M~p|
mj‡Z cvKv‡bvÓ Ñ evK¨Øq †Kvb iPbvi
07. ÔLbvi ePbÕ Gi g~jfve wK Ñ ï× 14. evsjv K…rÑcÖZ¨q mvwaZ kã †KvbwUÑ
‡_‡K D×…Z Ñ †hvMv‡hvM|
Rxebhvcb ixwZ| †gvoK|
19. gyw³hy× wfwËK Dcb¨vm Ñ GKwU Kv‡jv 08. Ô`yie¯ vÕ kãwU mwÜ we‡”Q` Kiv n‡j 15. mv_©K ev‡Kï ¸Y bq Ñ Avmw³|
†g‡qi K_v| cvIqv hvq Ñ `yt + Ae¯ v| 16. MVbixwZ‡Z ÔkÖxK…òKxZ©bÕ Kve¨ g~jZ Ñ
20. ÔKv‡jv eidÕ Dcb¨vmwUi welq: 09. †KvbwU †h․wMK Kv‡ji D`vniY bq Ñ bvUMxwZ (bvU¨MxwZ)|
†`kfvM| Kie| 17. ÔmÜ¨vfvlvÕ †Kvb mvwnZ¨K‡g©i m‡½ hy³ Ñ
21. ÔXvKv cÖKvkÕ mvßvwnK cwÎKvwUi m¤úv`K 10. Rxebvb›` `vk‡K ÔwbR©bZg KweÕ e‡j Ph©vc`|
†K Ñ K…òP›`ª gRyg`vi| AvL¨vwqZ K‡ib †K Ñ ey×‡è emy| 18. †`․jZ DwRi evnivg Lvb †Kvb AÂ‡ji
22. ÒRxeb¯§„wZÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ iex›`ªbv_| 11. ÔmijÕ k‡ãi wecixZv_©K bqÑ Mij| Awaevmx wQ‡jb Ñ PÆMÖvg|
23. `xbeÜz wg‡Îi Ôbxj`c©bÕ bvUKwU 12. ‡eMg †iv‡Kqv mvLvIqvZ †nv‡mb iwPZ 19. ÔP›`ªveZxÕ Kx Ñ Kve¨|
Bs‡iwR‡Z Abyev` K‡ib Ñ gvB‡Kj MÖš  †KvbwU Ñ cÙivM| 20. Ôwe`¨vcwZÕ †Kvb ivRmfvi Kwe wQ‡jb Ñ
gaym~`b `Ë| 13. wefw³nxb bvgkã‡K e‡j Ñ cÖvwZcw`K| wgw_jv|
21. †KvbwU we`¨vmvM‡ii AvZ¥Rxebxg~jK †jLv 09. W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn&m¤úvw`Z Ph©vc` 31. Ôwe¯§vqvcbœÕ mg¯Í c`wUi mwVK
Ñ AvZ¥PwiZ| welqK MÖ‡š i bvg Kx Ñ Buddhist e¨vmevK¨ †KvbwU Ñ we¯§q‡K Avcbœ|
22. †iv‡Kqv mvLvIqvZ †nv‡m‡bi ÔgwZP~iÕ Mystic Songs| 32. Kwe Kvq‡Kvev` iwPZ Ôgnvk¥kvbÕ
†Kvb ai‡bi iPbv Ñ cÖeÜ| 10. c~e©e½ MxwZKvÕi †jvK cvjvmg~‡ni Kv‡eï HwZnvwmK cUf~wg wQj Ñ Z…Zxq
23. RmxgD`&&`x‡bi iPbv Ñ VvKzievwoi msMÖvnK †K Ñ P›`ªKzgvi †`| cvwbc‡_i hy×|
AvwObv| 11. ÔPh©vPh©wewbðqÕ Gi A_© Kx Ñ †KvbwU 33. ‣mq` gy¯Ídv wmiv‡Ri MÖš  Ñ AjxK
24. ÔAvgvi N‡ii Pvwe c‡ii nv‡ZÕÑ MvbwUi AvPiYxq bq, Avi †KvbwU bq| gvbyl|
iPwqZv †K Ñ jvjb kvn&| 12. Ô‡Mviÿ weRqÕ Kve¨ †Kvb ag©g‡Zi 34. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii ÔMxZvÄwjÕ Kve¨
25. gyw³hy‡×i cUf‚wg‡Z iwPZ Kve¨MÖš  †KvbwU Kvwnwb Aej¤^‡b †jLv Ñ bv_ag©| cÖKvwkZ nq KZ m‡b Ñ 1910|
Ñ e›`x wkwei †_‡K| 13. kv³ c`vewji Rb¨ weL¨vZ Ñ ivgcÖmv` 35. ÔAvmv‡ì kvU©Õ KweZvi †jLK †K Ñ
26. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg ÔAwMœ-exYvÕ Kv‡eï †mb| kvgmyi ivngvb|
cÖ_g KweZv Ñ cÖj‡qvjøvm| 14. ÔA‡j․wKK Bw÷gviÕ MÖ‡š i iPwqZv †K Ñ
36Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
27. `xbeÜz wg‡Îi Ôbxj-`c©YÕ bvUK cÖ_g ûgvqb AvRv`|
01. ÔeÜbÕ k‡ãi mwVK Aÿi web¨vm †KvbwU
†Kv_v †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq Ñ XvKv| 15. ‘Custom’ k‡ãi cwifvlv Ñ cÖ_v|
Ñ eb& + ab&|
28. †KvbwU iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Kve¨MÖš  Ñ †kl 16. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Zvui KweZvq
02. evsjv eY©gvjvq Aa©gvÎvi eY© Ñ 8wU|
†jLv| KvjvcvnvoÕ‡K ¯§iY K‡i‡Qb Ñ cÖPwjZ
03. ÔweÁvbÕ k‡ãi mwVK iƒc Ñ R&+T|
29. Ôb`x I bvixÕ Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv †K Ñ ag© I ms¯‥vi-we‡Ølx wQ‡jb e‡j|
04. †Kvb kãwU cÖZ¨q‡hv‡M MwVZ nq wb Ñ
ûgvqyb Kwei| 17. ÔcÖ`xc wbweqv †Mj!Õ- G weL¨vZ eY©bv
†Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi Ñ ew¼gP‡›`ªi ï‡f”Qv|
30. ÔexiejÕ †Kvb †jL‡Ki QÙbvg Ñ cÖg_ 05. eûeªxwn mgvme× c` Ñ Abgbxq|
†P․aywi| ÔKcvjKzÐjvÕ|
06. †KvbwU we‡kl¨ c` Ñ Mv¤¢xh©|
31. Ôgybxi †P․ayixi ÔgyLiv igYx ekxKiYÕ 18. ÔgvZ…fvlvq hvnvi fw³ bvB †m gvbyl
07. wb‡Pi †Kvb k‡ã Y-Z¡ wewa Abymv‡i ÔYÕ
gvbyl b‡n|Õ Dw³wU Ñ gxi †gvkviid
GKwU Ñ Abyev` bvUK| Gi eënvi n‡q‡Q Ñ cÖeY|
†nv‡mb|
32. ÔP›ìvÕ Pwi‡Îi ¯ªóv Ñ iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi| 08. Òwg_¨vev`x‡K mevB AcQ›` K‡iÓ
19. e‡M©i †Kvb eY©mgy‡ni aŸwb gnvcÖvY aŸwb
33. Ôc~e©vkvÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K †K wQ‡jb Ñ ÑevK¨wU‡K †bwZevPK ev‡K¨ iƒcvšÍi
Ñ wØZxq I PZz_© eY©|
mÄq fÆvUvh©| Ki‡j nq Ñ wg_ëv`x‡K †KD cQ›` K‡i
20. ÔK`vKviÕ kãwU †Kvb DcmM©‡hv‡M MwVZ
34. †dvU© DBwjqvg K‡j‡Ri wkÿK wQ‡jb Ñ bv|
Ñ †`wk DcmM© †hv‡M|
ivgivg emy| 21. hy³vÿi GK gvÎv Ges e×vÿiI GK 09. 'Null and Void' Gi evsjv cwifvlv
35. KZ mv‡j Ô‡gNbvèa Kve¨Õ cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ gvÎv MyYbv Kiv nq †Kvb Q‡›`Ñ ¯îe„Ë| Kx Ñ evwZj|
nq Ñ 1861| 22. †KvbwU Aï× Ñ †`vlxÑ wb‡`©vlx| 10. Ô‡nW †g․jfxÕ †Kvb †Kvb fvlvi kã
23. ÔK‡jøvjÕ cwÎKvi cÖ_g m¤úv`‡Ki bvg †hv‡M MwVZ n‡q‡Q Ñ Bs‡iwR + dvwm©|
Kx Ñ `x‡bkivÄb `vk| 11. Ôiex›`ªÕ Gi mwÜ we‡”Q`Ñ iwe + B›`ª|
01. ‡KvbwU evMaviv †evSvq Ñ wk‡i msµvwšÍ| 12. ÒG †h Avgv‡ì †Pbv †jvKÓ- ev‡K¨
02. ‡KvbwU †g․wjK kã Ñ †Mvjvc| 24. ÔAvwg G K_v, G e¨_v, myLe¨vKzjZv
Kvnvi PiYZ‡j wè wbQwb\Õ- Ô‡PbvÕ †Kvb c` Ñ we‡klY|
03. evsjv mvwn‡Zï BwZnvm welqK 13. ÔcÖKl©Õ k‡ãi mgv_©K kãÑ DrKl©|
iex›`ªbv‡_i G Mv‡b ÔwbQwbÕ Kx A‡_©
MÖš mg~‡ni g‡a¨ †KvbwU W. gyn¤§` 14. ‡KvbwU KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi iPbv bq
eëüZ n‡q‡Q Ñ c~Rv A‡_©|
knx`yjøvn&i †jLv Ñ evsjv mvwn‡Zï Ñ evjyPi|
25. Ôag© mvaviY †jv‡Ki ms¯‥…wZ, Avi
K_v| 15. ÔmeyRcÎÕ cÖKvwkZ nq 1914 mv‡j|
ms¯‥…wZ wkwÿZ gvwR©Z †jv‡Ki ag©|Õ †K
04. fvlv Av‡›`vjbwfwËK cÖ_g cwÎKvi e‡j‡QbÑ†gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †P․ayix 16. gyw³hy× welqK bvUK Ñ cv‡qi AvIqvR
m¤úv`‡Ki bvg Ñ nvmvb nvwdRyi 26. ‡Kvb evK¨wU ï× Ñ Zvi K_v ï‡b Avwg cvIqv hvq|
ingvb| Avðh©vwš^Z njvg| 17. RmxgD`&`x‡bi bvUK Ñ †e‡ì †g‡q|
05. †Kvb evbvb¸‡”Qi me¸‡jv evbvbB Aï× 27. ‘Ode’ Kx Ñ †KvivmMvb| 18. ga¨hy‡Mi evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ †Kvb ag©cÖPviK
Ñ wb°Y, m~PMÖ, AbyaŸ©| 28. gyn¤§` Ave`yj nvB iwPZ aŸwbweÁvb Gi cÖfve Acwimxg Ñ kÖx‣PZb¨‡è|
06. evsjv‡`‡k ÔMÖvg w_‡qUviÕ-Gi cÖeZ©K welqK MÖ‡š i bvg Kx Ñ aŸwbweÁvb I 19. gybxi †P․a~ixi Ab~w`Z bvUK †KvbwU Ñ
†K Ñ ‡mwjg Avj `xb| evsjv aŸwbZË¡| gyLiv igYx ekxKiY|
07. Ômgwfe¨vnv‡iÕ A_©Ñ GK‡hv‡M| 29. ÔR‡j-¯ ‡jÕ Kx mgvm Ñ AjyK Ø›Ø| 20. ‡KvbwU Dcb¨vm bq Ñ KweZvi K_v|
08. k„½vi im‡K •eòe c`vewj‡Z Kx im 30. ÔJÕ †Kvb ai‡bi ¯îaŸwb Ñ †h․wMK 21. Ôwelv`wmÜzÕ GKwU Ñ BwZnvm AvkÖqx
e‡j Ñ gayi im| ¯îaŸwb| Dcb¨vm|
22. ga¨hy‡Mi †kl Kwe fviZP›`ª ivq¸YvK 13. Ô‣ØcvqbÕ k‡ãi ï× mwÜwe‡”Q` †KvbwU 34Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
g„ZzëiY K‡ibÑ1760 mv‡j| Ñ Øxc + Aqb| 01. ÔPh©vc`Õ Avwe®‥…Z nq Ñ 1907 mv‡j|
23. Ô‡ZvndvÕ Kve¨wU †K iPbv K‡ib Ñ 14. ÔRR mv‡neÕ †Kvb mgv‡mi D`vniY Ñ 02. evsjv mvwn‡Zï MVb-cvV‡bi myweavi
AvjvIj| Kg©aviq| Rb¨ evsjv mvwn‡Zï BwZnvm‡K wZbwU
24. G›Uwb wdwiw½ Kx RvZxq mvwn‡Zï 15. wb‡Pi †KvbwU aŸwb cwieZ©‡bi D`vniY hy‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q evsjv mvwn‡Zï
iPwqZv Ñ KweMvb| bq Ñ cÖvwZcw`K| cÖvPxb hyM Ñ 605-1200|
25. ÔivRv cÖZvcvw`Z¨ PwiÎÕ MÖš wUi iPwqZv 16. me‡P‡q †ewk Ph©vc` cvIqv †M‡Q †Kvb 03. ga¨hy‡Mi Kwe bb †K Ñ Rqb›`x|
Ñ ivgivg emy| Kwei Ñ Kvýcv| 04. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ AÜKvi hyM ej‡Z
26. ÔBqs †e½jÕ †Mvôxi gyLcÎiƒ‡c †Kvb 17. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ cÖvPxb hy‡Mi wb`k©b 1201-1350 ch©šÍ|
cwÎKv cÖKvwkZ nq Ñ Ávbv‡š^lY| †KvbwU Ñ †`vnv‡Kvl| 05. ‡dvU© DBwjqvg K‡j‡Ri Aa¨ÿ †K
27. nwibv_ gRyg`vi m¤úvw`Z cwÎKvi bvg 18. ÔZv¤^yj ivZzj nBj Aai ci‡k|Õ A_© Kx wQ‡jb Ñ DBwjqvg †Kwi|
Ñ MÖvgevZv© cÖKvwkKv| Ñ †Vvu‡Ui ci‡k cvb jvj nj| 06. evsjv mvwn‡Zï RbK wn‡m‡e Kvi bvg
28. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ågY mvwnZ¨ welqK MÖš  19. ÔnßcqKiÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ •mq` wPi¯§iYxq Ñ Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi|
bq Ñ Pvi Bqvix K_v| AvjvIj| 07. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi iPbv bq Ñ
29. ‡h Dcb¨v‡m MÖvgxY mgvR Rxe‡bi wPÎ 20. g½jKv‡eï Kwe bb †K Ñ `vk ivq| †eZvj cÂweskwZ|
cÖvavb¨ jvf K‡iwb Ñ mxZvivg| 21. ÔmgvPvi `c©YÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K wQ‡jb 08. ÔKzjxb Kzjme©¯^Õ bvUKwU Kvi †jLv Ñ
30. †Kvb `yBwU PwiÎ iex›`ªbv‡_i ÔN‡i Ñ Rb K¬vK© gvk©g¨vb| ivgbvivqY ZK©iZœ|
evB‡iÕ Dcb¨v‡mi Ñ wbwL‡jm-wegjv| 09. Ôbxj`c©YÕ bvUKwUi welqe¯‧ Kx Ñ
22. Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvM‡ii AvZ¥Rxebx Ñ
31. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi Dcb¨vm Ñ bxjKi‡ì AZ¨vPvi|
AvZ¥PwiZ|
Kz‡nwjKv| 10. ÔN‡i evB‡iÕ Dcb¨vmwU Kvi †jLv Ñ
23. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii c~e©cyiæ‡li AvwèmwZ
32. ‡KvbwU gvB‡Kj gaymy`b `‡Ëi cÎKve¨ iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
†Kv_vq wQj Ñ Lyjbvi `wÿY wWwn|
Ñ exiv½bv| 11. ‣mq` gyRZev Avjxi cÖeÜ MÖš  Ñ
24. Ô‡Zj byb jKwoÕ Kvi iwPZ MÖš  Ñ cÖg_
33. ÔGKLvwb †QvU †ÿZ Avwg G‡KjvÕ cÂZš¿|
†P․ayix|
iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii †Kvb KweZvi PiY Ñ 12. ÔZË¡‡evwabxÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K †K wQ‡jb
25. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ cÖ_g mv_©K Uªv‡RwW bvUK
†mvbvi Zix| Ñ AÿqKzgvi `Ë|
†KvbwU Ñ K…òKzgvix|
34. ÔAvwg wKse`wšÍi K_v ejwQÕ KweZvwU 13. fvlv Av‡›`vjb wfwËK bvUK Ñ Kei|
Kvi †jLv Ñ Avey Rvdi Ievq`yjøvn 26. ÔKcvj KzÐjvÕ †Kvb cÖK…wZi iPbv Ñ
†ivgvÝg~jK Dcb¨vm| 14. Ôfvbywmsn VvKziÕ Kvi QÙ bvg Ñ
35. kIKZ Imgv‡bi iPbv bq Ñ†fRvj| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
27. ‡KvbwU iex›`ªiPbvi AšÍM©Z bq Ñ
35Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi ÒAwMœMÖvmx wek¦Îvwm Rv¸K Avevi 15. †Kvb Kve¨wU cjøxKwe RmxgD`&`xb iwPZ
01. Òcyi®‥vi weZiYx Abyôv‡bi cwi‡ek GZ AvZ¥`vbÓ| Ñ ivLvjx|
Acwi®‥viÓ| evK¨wUi wb¤œ‡iL c‡` l/m 28. ‡`ªvc`x †K Ñ gnvfvi‡Zi cvuP fvB‡qi 16. ÔZzwg Avm‡e e‡j †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ ÑKvi
eënviÑ cÖ_gwU Aï×, wØZxqwU ï×| GKK ¯¿x| KweZv Ñ kvgmyi ivngvb|
02. †Kvb evbvbwU ï× Ñ gbxlx| 29. Ôwgwji nv‡Z †÷bMvbÕ ÑMíwU Kvi †jLv 17. Ô‡`qvjÕ iPbvwU Kvi Ñ ûgvqyb Avn‡g`|
03. ‡Kvb evK¨wU ï× Ñ •`b¨ me©`v gn‡Ë¡i Ñ AvLZviæ¾vgvb Bwjqvm| 18. gyw³hy× wfwËK Dcb¨vm †KvbwU Ñ nvOi
cwiPvqK bq| b`x †MÖ‡bW|
30. ÔAmgvß AvZ¥RxebxÕ Kvi iwPZ MÖš  Ñ
04. 'Consumer goods'-Gi Dchy³ 19. ÔAvgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ ivOv‡bv GKz‡k
e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb|
evsjv cwifvlv Kx Ñ †fvM¨cY¨| †deªæqvwi Avwg wK fzwj‡Z cvwi|Õ ÑG
31. ÒcÖv‡Yi evÜe †i eywo nBjvg †Zvi
Mv‡bi cÖ_g myiKvi Ñ Avãyj jwZd|
05. ÔRjÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K bq Ñ Rjwa| Kvi‡Y|Ó MvbwUi MxwZKvi Ñ †kL
20. 1985 mv‡j bvwmi DÏxb‡K ¯^Y© c`K
06. ‡Kvb kã‡Rvo wecixZv_©K bq Ñ üó- Iqvwn`|
†K †`b Ñ •mq` Avjx Avnmvb|
cyó| 32. ÔgvwUi gqbvÕ Pjw”P‡Îi wbgv©Zv †K Ñ
07. Ôcik¦Õ kãwUi A_© Kx Ñ ciï| Zv‡iK gvmy`| 33Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
08. evsjv fvlvq †g․vjK ¯îaŸwbi msL¨v 33. ÔûwjqvÕ KweZv Kvi iPbv Ñ wbg©‡j›`y 01. Ph©vc` †Kvb Q‡›` iwPZ Ñ gvÎve„Ë|
KZ Ñ 7wU| ¸Y| 02. KweIqvj I kv‡q‡ii D™¢U N‡U KLb Ñ
09. evsjv fvlvq kã mvab nq bv wb‡¤œv³ 34. †Kvb mvwnwZ¨K AvZZvqxi nv‡Z XvKvq AvVv‡iv kZ‡Ki †klv‡a© I Dwbk
†Kvb Dcv‡q Ñ wj½ cwieZ©b Øviv| g„ZzëiY K‡ib Ñ †mv‡gb P›`| kZ‡Ki cÖ_gv‡a©|
10. ÔjeYÕ k‡ãi we‡klY Ñ jebv³| 35. wb‡¤œv³ †Kvb Dcb¨v‡m evsjv‡`‡ki 03. Kwe Mv‡bi cÖ_g Kwe Ñ †MvuRjv cyU|
11. ‡KvbwU ev‡Kï •ewkó¨ bq Ñ Avmw³| gyw³hy‡×vËi mg‡qi wPÎ Aw¼Z n‡q‡Q Ñ 04. Ô‡Kb cvš  ÿvšÍ nI †nwi `xN© c_?Õ
12. †Kvb kãwU cÖZ¨qmvwaZ Ñ LwÐZ| mybxj M‡½vcva¨v‡qi Ôc~e©-cwðgÕ| ÑKvi †jLv Ñ K…òP›`ª gRyg`vi|
05. ‡Kvb PiYwU mwVK Ñ ab av‡b¨ cy‡®ú 11. ÔAv‡bvqvivÕ MÖš wU Kvi iPbv Ñ †gvnv¤§` 16. wb‡Pi †Kvb evbvbwU ï× Ñ wbkxw_bx|
fiv| bwRei ingvb| 17. wkLÐx k‡ãi A_© Kx Ñ gq~i|
06. ‡Kvb evbvbwU ï× bq Ñ E×©| 12. ÔexiejÕ QÙbv‡g †K wjL‡Zb Ñ cÖg_ 18. mvwn‡Z¨ Aj¼vi cÖavbZ Ñ 2 cÖKvi|
07. ÔM„nxÕ k‡ãi wecixZv_©K kã Ñ mbœ¨vmx| †P․ayix| 19. Mvwo P‡j bv, P‡j bv, P‡j bv
08. Excise duty-i cwifvlv †KvbwU Ñ 13. ‡KvbwU ï× evbvb Ñ AvKv•ÿv| †i__Mv‡bi MxwZKvi †K Ñ kvn Ave`yj
AveMvwi ïé| 14. ÔevZvmÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K bq Ñ cveK| Kwig|
09. ‡Kvb evK¨wU ï× Ñ `wi`ªZv Avgv‡ì 15. fvlvi ÿz`ªZg GKK †KvbwU Ñ aŸwb|
20. Aa¨vcK Avng` kix‡di g„Zz¨ mb
cÖavb mgm¨v| 16. Ôgv wQj bv e‡j †KD Zvi Pzj †eu‡a
†KvbwU Ñ 1999|
10. ÔZzwg Avm‡e e‡j †n ¯^vaxbZv mwLbv †`qwbÕ| GwU GKwU Ñ mij evK¨|
wewei Kcj fvOj|Õ ÑGwU †Kvb evK¨ Ñ 17. ÔMvQcv_iÕ evMavivwUi A_© Ñ wnmve- 30Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
wgkÖ ev RwUj| wbKvk| 01. Ôc~e©vkvÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K wQ‡jb ÑmÄq
11. ÔAwMœÕ- mgv_©K kã bq Ñ cÖ¾wjZ| 18. ÔZzwg Aag, ZvB ewjqv Avwg DËg nBe fÆvPvh©|
12. ‡KvbvwU mwVK evbvb Ñ wbkxw_bx| bv †Kb?Õ GB cÖev`wUi iwPqZv †K Ñ 02. ÔcvnvoZjxÕ MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ñ
13. ‡KvbwU Ô†KvjbÕ Ñ :| ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq|
kvgmyi ivngvb|
14. evsjv mvwn‡Zï Ab¨Zg wewkó cwÎKv 19. fvlv Av‡›`vjb welqK Dcb¨vm ‡KvbwU
03. ÔmvnPh©Õ k‡ãi ï× MVb †KvbwU Ñ
ÔK‡jøvjÕ KZ mv‡j cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq Ñ Ñ Av‡iK dvêyb|
mnPi + h|
1923 mv‡j| 20. gyw³hy× wbf©i iPbv †KvbwU Ñ GKvË‡ii
w`b¸wj| 04. iex›`ªbv‡_i Ô‡mvbvi ZixÕ KweZv †Kvb
15. ‡Kvb MÖš wU myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© iwPZ Ñ Q‡›` iwPZ Ñ gvÎve„Ë|
niZvj| 31Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 05. wb‡Pi †KvbwU gxi gkviid †nv‡m‡bi
16. ÔXv‡Ki KvwVÕ evMavivi A_© wK Ñ 01. evsjv M‡`ï RbK †K Ñ Ck¦iP›`ª Rb¥-g„Zz¨ mvj Ñ 1847-1911|
†gvmv‡ne| we`¨vmvMi| 06. ÔAcÕ Kx ai‡bi DcmM© Ñ ms¯‥…Z|
17. ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi Ôwele„ÿÕ 02. ÔAvb›`gVÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †jLK ‡K Ñ 07. †KvbwU A‡Nvl AícÖvY aŸwb Ñ P|
Dcb¨v‡mi PwiÎ Ñ Kz›`bw›`bx| ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq| 08. ÔKuvVvjcvovÕq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib †Kvb
18. ‡Kvb evbvbwU ï× Ñ wccxwjKv| 03. Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZv †Kvb Kv‡eï AšÍM©Z Ñ
†jLK Ñ ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq|
19. MxZvÄwji Bs‡iwR Abyev` m¤úv`bv AwMœexYv|
09. evsjv fvlvq Q›` cÖavbZ Ñ 3 cÖKvi|
K‡i‡Qb Ñ WewjD. we. B‡qUm| 04. Zv¤^yjLvbv MÖv‡g R‡b¥wQ‡jb †Kvb Kwe Ñ
RmxgD`&`xb| 10. ÔVvKzigvi SzwjÕ Kx RvZxq iPbvi
20. "The Origin Development of
Bengali Language" MÖš wUi iPbv 05. ÔwQbœc‡ÎÕi AwaKvsk cÎ Kv‡K D‡Ïk¨ msKjb Ñ iƒcK_v|
K‡i‡Qb Ñ W. mybxwZ Kzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq| K‡i †jLv Ñ Bw›ìv †èx| 11. ÔmKv‡j DwVqv Avwg g‡b g‡b ewj mviv
06. gvB‡Kj gaymy`b `‡Ëi Ôexiv½bv Kve¨Õ w`b Avwg †hb fvj n‡q Pwj|Ó GB
32Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi †Kvb ai‡bi Kve¨ Ñ cÎKve¨| PiYØ‡qi †jLK Ñ g`b‡gvnb
01. Ôe„ÿÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã Ñ weUcx| 07. AvjvI‡ji Ô‡ZvndvÕ †Kvb ai‡bi Kve¨ ZK©vj¼vi|
02. 'Subconscious' kãwUi evsjv Ñ bxwZKve¨| 12. evMvo¤î k‡ãi mwÜ-we‡”Q` Ñ evK& +
cvwifvwlK kã nj Ñ Ae‡PZb| 08. ÔDReyKÕ kãwU †Kvb fvlv †_‡K evsjv Avo¤î|
03. ‡KvbwU Bs‡iwR kã Ñ Kgv| fvlvq G‡m‡Q Ñ ZzwK©| 13. ÔAvdZveÕ k‡ãi mgv_© Ñ AK©|
04. Ôk~b¨cyivYÕ iPbv K‡i‡Qb Ñ ivgvB 09. mgvme× kã ÔAvbZÕ †Kvb mgv‡mi 14. ‡Kvb Kwe wb‡R‡K evOvwj e‡j cwiPq
cwÐZ| D`vniY Ñ Ae¨qxfve| w`‡q‡Qb Ñ fzmyKzcv|
05. ‡Kvb kã MV‡b evsjv DcmM© eëüZ 10. A‡kvK •mq` Kvi QÙbvgÑAve`yj gvbœvb 15. Anatomy k‡ãi A_©- kixiwe`¨v|
n‡q‡Q Ñ Abve„wó| •mq`| 16. ‡R¨vr¯œvivZ †Kvb mgv‡mi `„óvšÍ Ñ
06. Ôcvjv‡g․Õ ågYKvwnbxwU Kvi iPbv Ñ 11. mwÜ-mvwaZ kã Ôci¯úiÕ †Kvb ai‡bi
ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq|
mÄxe P›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq| mwÜi `„óvšÍ Ñ wbcvZ‡b wm×|
17. ÔAbxKÕ k‡ãi A_© Ñ •mwbK|
07. ÔAv‡jvQvqvÕ c`wU †Kvb mgv‡mi AšÍM©Z 12. ÔAw`wZÕ k‡ãi mgv_©K kã bq †KvbwU
Ñ Ø›Ø mgvm| Ñ bxi| 18. ÔAva¨vwZ¥KvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †jLK †K Ñ
08. ‡KvbwU mvwaZ kã bq Ñ ‡Mvjvc| 13. ÔcivMjx gnvfviZÕ L¨vZ MÖ‡š i c¨vixPuv` wgÎ|
09. ÔwèvivwÎi Kve¨Õ Kvi †jLv Dcb¨vm Ñ Abyev`‡Ki bvg Ñ Kex›`ª ci‡gk¦i| 19. wb‡Pi †KvbwU kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq Gi
gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq| 14. ÔeUZjvi Dcb¨vmÕ MÖ‡š i †jL‡Ki bvg QÙvbvg Ñ Awbjv‡èx|
10. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg iwPZ Mí †KvbwU Kx Ñ ivwRqv Lvb| 20. evsjv fvlvi Avw` wb`k©b Ph©vc`
Ñ cÙ‡MvLiv| 15. Quarterly k‡ãi A_© Ñ •ÎgvwmK| Avwe®‥…Z nq KZ mv‡j Ñ 1907|
29Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 03. we`¨vcwZ †Kv_vKvi Kwe wQ‡jb Ñ 06. XvKv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq †Kvb cwÎKvwU Ñ
01. evsjv eY©gvjv ¯îeY© KqwU Ñ 11wU| wgw_jvi| µvwšÍ|
02. evsjv mvwn‡Zï Avw` Kwe Ñ jyBcv| 04. kÖxK…òKxZ©b Kv‡eï eovB Kx ai‡bi 07. wMÖK kã †KvbwU Ñ `vg|
03. ÔZrmgÕ k‡ãi eënvi †Kvb ixwZ‡Z PwiÎ Ñ ivavK…‡òi †cÖ‡gi `~Zx| 08. evsjv fvlvq KqwU LuvwU DcmM© Av‡Q Ñ
‡ewk nq Ñ mvay ixwZ| 05. ‡jvKmvwnZ¨ Kv‡K e‡j Ñ †jv‡Ki gy‡L GKzk|
gy‡L cÖPwjZ Kvwnbx, Mvb, Qov 09. Ôwkïiv‡R¨ GB †g‡qwU GKwU †QvULvU
04. evsjv fvlvq cÖ_g e¨vKiY iPbv K‡ib
BZ¨vw`‡K| ewM©i Dc`ªe ewj‡jB nq|Õ -iex›`ªbv_
†K Ñ ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq|
06. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ KLb M‡`ï m~Pbv nq Ñ VvKz‡ii †Kvb M‡íi msjvc Ñ mgvwß|
05. diiæL Avng`-Gi †kÖô Kve¨MÖ‡š i bvg
Dwbk kZ‡K| 10. evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g BwZnvm MÖš 
Kx Ñ mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS|
07. Ôevsjv fvlvq cÖ_g mvgwqK cÎ †KvbwU †KvbwU Ñ e½fvlv I mvwnZ¨|
06. cÖvPxbZg evOvwj gymjgvb Kwe †K Ñ
Ñ w`M`k©b| 11. KZ wLª÷v‡ã kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq
kvn gyn¤§` mMxi|
08. Bqs‡e½j Kx Ñ Bs‡iwR fveavivcyó KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi ÔRMËvwiYxÕ
07. ÔPvPv KvwnbxiÕ †jLK †K Ñ •mq`
evOvwj hyeK| c`K jvf K‡ib Ñ 1923|
gyRZev Avjx|
09. `xbeÜz wg‡Îi cÖnmb †KvbwU Ñ we‡q 12. ivRv ivg‡gvnb iwPZ evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi
08. gymjgvb bvix RvMi‡Yi Kwe Ñ ‡eMg bvg Kx Ñ †M․oxq e¨vKiY|
†iv‡Kqv| cvMjv ey‡ov|
10. gxi gkviid †nv‡m‡bi bvUK †KvbwU Ñ 13. Ô‡g‡QvÕ k‡ãi cÖK…wZ cÖZ¨q Ñ
09. ÔkÖxK…òKxZ©bÕ Gi iwPqZv †K Ñ eo–
†eûjv MxZvwfbq| gvQ+DqvI|
PÐx`vm|
11. KjKvZvq cÖ_g i½gÂ •Zwi nq KZ 14. ‡Kvb mwÜwU wbcvZ‡b wm× Ñ ci + ci
10. evsjv K_¨ fvlvi Avw` MÖš  †KvbwU Ñ
mv‡j Ñ 1753 mv‡j| = ci¯úi|
K…cvi kv‡¯¿i A_©‡f`|
12. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii AwZcÖvK…Z Mí †KvbwU 15. evsjv †g․wjK bvU‡Ki hvÎv nq †Kvb
11. Kwe AvjvI‡ji Rb¥¯ vb †KvbwU Ñ
Ñ ÿzwaZ cvlvY| bvU¨Kv‡ii nv‡Z Ñ ivgbvivqY ZK©iZœ|
PÆMÖv‡gi †Rveiv|
13. evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g Jcbvwm‡Ki bvg 16. cÖZ¨ÿ †Kvb e¯‧i mv‡_ c‡ivÿ †Kvb
12. ÔAbj cÖevnÕ iPbv K‡ib Ñ •mq`
Kx Ñ gxi gkviid †nv‡mb| e¯‧i Zzjbv Ki‡j cÖZ¨ÿ e¯‧wU‡K ejv
BmgvBj †nv‡mb wmivRx|
14. bRiæj Bmjv‡gi m¤úvw`Z cwÎKv nq Ñ Dc‡gq|
13. ÔAwMœexYvÕ Kv‡eï cÖ_g KweZv †KvbwU Ñ 17. ÔcvwL me K‡i ie ivwZ †cvnvBjÕ
cÖj‡qvjøvm| †KvbwU Ñ a~g‡KZz|
15. Rxebvb›` `v‡ki cÖeÜ MÖš  †KvbwUÑ Siv cOw³i iwPqZv Ñ g`b‡gvnb
14. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ K_ïxwZi cÖPj‡b †Kvb ZKv©j¼vi|
cwÎKvi Ae`vb †ewk Ñ meyRcÎ| cvjK|
16. ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ Kve¨MÖ‡š i iwPqZv 18. ÔAvwg wKse`šÍxi K_v ejwQÕ Gi iwPqZv
15. ÔR‣bKÕ kãwUi mwÜ-we‡”Q` Ñ Rb + †K Ñ Ave Rvdi Ievq`yjøvn|
GK| †K Ñ diiæL Avng`|
17. evsjv‡`‡ki fvlv Av‡›`vjbwfwËK 19. ÔRxe‡b R¨vVvwg I mvwn‡Z¨ b¨vKvwgÕ mn¨
16. ev‡Kï wZbwU ¸Y Kx Kx Ñ AvKv•ÿv, Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb bv Ñ cÖg_ †P․ayix|
AvmwË, †hvM¨Zv| Dcb¨vm †KvbwU Ñ Av‡iK dvêyb|
20. ÔG gvwU †mvbvi evovÕ -G D×…wZ‡Z
17. ÔGKvË‡ii wPwVÕ Ñ‡Kvb RvZxq iPbv Ñ 18. gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm †KvbwU Ñ
Ô‡mvbvÕ †Kvb A‡_© e¨fnvi Kiv n‡q‡Q
gyw³‡hv×v‡ì cÎ msKjb| Rvnvbœvg n‡Z we`vq|
Ñwe‡kl‡Yi AwZkvqb|
18. evsjv GKv‡Wwg †Kvb eQi cÖwZwôZ nq 19. kIKZ Imgvb †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi Rb¨
Ñ 1955 wLªt| Av`gRx cyi®‥vi jvf K‡ib Ñ 26Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
19. Ôm‡bUÕ KweZvi cÖeZ©K Ñ gvB‡Kj µxZ`v‡mi nvwm| 01. ‡dvU© DBwjqvg K‡j‡R evsjv wefvM nq
gaym`~ b `Ë| 20. ÔDc‡iva k‡ãi A_© Kx Ñ Aby‡iva| KZ mv‡j Ñ 1801 mv‡j|
20. mgvm fvlv‡K Ñ ms‡ÿc K‡i| 02. ÔD`vmxb cw_‡Ki g‡bi K_vÕ †Kvb
27Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi RvZxq iPbv Ñ AvZ¥‣RewbK Dcb¨vm|
21. ÔAve`yjøvnÕ Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv ‡K Ñ 01. ‡KvbwU Dcb¨vm Ñ Kb¨vKzgvix|
KvRx Bg`v`yj nK| 03. ÔcvwL me K‡i ie ivwZ †cvnvBjÕ--
02. ‡j․wKK Kvwnbxi cÖ_g iwPqZv †K Ñ cOw³wUi iPwqZv †K Ñ g`b‡gvnb
22. ew¼gP‡›`ªi cÖ_g Dcb¨v‡mi bvg Ñ †`․jZ KvRx|
`y‡M©kbw›`bx| ZK©vj¼vi|
03. ÔmvßvwnK myavKiÕ- Gi m¤úv`K †K Ñ 04. fviZP›`ª ivq¸YvKi †Kvb ivRmfvi
28Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi †kL Avãyi iwng| Kwe Ñ K…òbMi ivRmfv|
01. Ph©vc` Avwe®‥…Z nq †Kv_v †_‡K Ñ 04. gvwmK †gvnv¤§`x †Kvb mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq 05. hv wKQz nvivq wMwbœ e‡jb, †Kóv †eUvB
†bcv‡ji ivRMÖš kvjv †_‡K| Ñ 1927| †Pvi GLv‡b ÔnvivqÕ †Kvb avZz Ñ
02. g½jhy‡Mi me©‡kl Kwei bvg Kx Ñ 05. ‡Kvb cwÎKvwU 1923 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq Kg©ev‡Pï avZz|
fviZP›`ª ivq¸YvKi| Ñ K‡jøvj| 06. ÔgûqvÕ cvjvwUi iPwqZv Ñ wØR KvbvB|
07. ‡K me©cÖ_g evsjv UvBc mn‡hv‡M evsjv 33. `xbeÜz wg‡Îi iPbv Ñ Kg‡j Kvwgbx| 02. iex›`ªbv‡_i †Kvb MÖš wU Dcb¨vm Ñ †k‡li
e¨vKiY gy`ªY K‡ib Ñ eªvwm †nj‡nW| 34. Ballad Kx Ñ MxwZKv| KweZv|
08. ÔZË¡v‡evwabxÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K wQ‡jb Ñ 03. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi bv‡gi mv‡_ RwoZ
AÿqKzgvi `Ë| 25Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
Ôa~g‡KZzÕ †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv Ñ cwÎKv|
09. ‡Kvb MÖš wU gnvKve¨ Ñ e„Îmsnvi| 01. evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g BwZnvm MÖš  †K
04. RmxgD`&&`x‡bi cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ Kve¨MÖš 
10. ÔewÎk wmsnvmbÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ g„Zz¨Äq iPbv K‡ib Ñ `x‡bkP›`ª †mb|
†KvbwU Ñ ivLvjx|
we`¨vj¼vi| 02. Ôe½`k©bÕ cwÎKvi cÖ_g m¤úv`K †K
05. ÔivB‡dj †ivwU AvIivZÕ Dcb¨v‡mi
11. ÔVKPvPvÕ PwiÎwU †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi Ñ wQ‡jb Ñ ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq|
iwPqZv †K Ñ Av‡bvqvi cvkv|
Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj| 03. ‡Kvb KweZv iPbvi Rb¨ KvRx bRiæj
Bmjv‡gi ÔAwMœexYvÕ Kve¨ wbwl× nq Ñ 06. R½g-Gi wecixZv_©K kã Kx Ñ ¯ vei|
12. ÔZvR‡KivZzj AvIwjqvÕ Aej¤^‡b 07. DrKl©Zv Aï× Ñ cÖZ¨qRwbZ|
ÔZvcmgvjvÕ †K iPbv K‡ib Ñ wMwikP›`ª i³v¤îavwiYx gv|
08. Zzwg bv e‡jwQ‡j AvMvgxKvj Avm‡e?
04. Ôg„b¥qxÕ iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii †Kvb †QvUM‡íi
†mb| GLv‡b ÔbvÕ Gi eënvi n‡e Kx A‡_© Ñ
13. ‡Kvb bvUKwU †mwjg Avj `x‡bi Ñ bvwqKv Ñ mgvwß|
05. ÔDËg cyiælÕ Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv †K Ñ nu¨v-evPK|
gybZvmxi d¨v›Uvmx| 09. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi Dcb¨vm †KvbwU Ñ
14. Ô`vwi`ª¨ÕKweZvwU KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi ikx` Kwig|
06. ÔKvke‡bi Kb¨vÕ †Kvb RvZxq iPbv Ñ g„Zz¨ÿzav|
†Kvb Kv‡eï AšÍM©Z Ñ wmÜz wn‡›`vj|
Dcb¨vm| 10. Ôgv †h Rbbx Kv‡›`Õ †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv Ñ
15. ‡Kvb kãwU dviwm Ñ †c‡ikvb|
07. ‡KvbwU gyn¤§` Gbvgyj n‡Ki iPbv Ñ gbxlv Kve¨|
16. DcmM© †KvbwU Ñ AwZ|
gÄylv| 11. ‡KvbwU mwVK Ñ ewncxi (bvUK)|
17. `vßwiK †Kvb kãwU Bs‡iwR fvlv †_‡K
08. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ m‡bU iPbvi cÖeZ©K †K Ñ 12. Kvi gv_vq nvZ eywj‡qQ- GLv‡b Ôgv_vÕ
AvMZ Ñ G‡R›U|
gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë| k‡ãi A_© Ñ duvwK †`qv|
18. Ô‡b‡gwmmÕ †Kvb RvZxq iPbv Ñ bvUK|
09. RmxgD`&`x‡bi ÔKeiÕ KweZv †Kvb 13. kirP‡›`ªi †Kvb Dcb¨vmwU miKvi KZ…©K
19. Ô‡Zvgvi m„wói c_ †i‡LQ AvKxY© KwiÕ
cwÎKvi cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq Ñ K‡jøvj| ev‡Rqvß n‡qwQj Ñ c‡_i `vex|
iex›`bv‡_i †Kvb Kv‡eï KweZv Ñ †kl
10. ÔÿxqgvYÕ kãwUi wecixZv_©K kã Kx Ñ 14. ‡Kvb MÖš wUi iwPqZv Gm Iqv‡R` Avjx Ñ
‡jLv|
ea©gvb| fwel¨‡Zi evOvwj|
20. ÔRq¸bÕ †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi PwiÎ Ñm~h©
11. Ôbó nIqvi ¯^fve hviÕ GK K_vq wK e‡j 15. wbZ¨ g~a©Y¨-l †Kvb k‡ã eZ©gvb Ñ Avlvp|
`xNj evwo|
Ñ bk¦i| 16. Ôfvlv gvby‡li gyL †_‡K Kj‡gi gy‡L
21. ÔbevbœÕ kãwU †Kvb cÖwµqvq MwVZ Ñ
12. ‡h mgv‡mi c~e©c` msL¨vevPK Ges Av‡m, D‡ëvUv Ki‡Z ‡M‡j gy‡L ïay Kvwj
mgvm|
mg¯Íc‡ì Øviv mgvnvi eySvq Zv‡K e‡j Ñ c‡oÕ e‡j‡Qb Ñ cÖg_ †P․ayix|
22. ‡KvbwUi A_© c° A‡_© cÖKvk cvq Ñ
wØ¸ mgvm| 17. ÔAÿxi mgx‡cÕ Gi ms‡ÿcY nj Ñ
cvKv Avg|
13. ‡Kvb evK¨wU ï× Ñ Zvnvi Rxeb mgÿ|
23. Uv, wU, Lvbv BZ¨vw` Ñc`vwkÖZ wb‡`©kK|
mskqvcbœ| 18. Dcm‡M©i m‡½ cÖZ¨‡qi cv_©K¨ Ñ DcmM©
24. cÖ, civ, Ac Ñ ms¯‥…Z DcmM©|
14. ÔPvu`gyLÕ Gi e¨vmevK¨ nj Ñ gyL Puv‡ì
25. Ôfvby wmsn VvKz‡ii c`vejxÕ- Gi _v‡K mvg‡b cÖZ¨q _v‡K wcQ‡b|
b¨vq|
iwPqZv †K Ñ iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi| 19. Zzwg GZÿY Kx K‡iQ Ñ GB ev‡K¨ Kx
15. Ôme©v‡½ e¨_v, Jla w`‡ev †Kv_vÕ Ñ GB
26. ÔjvVvjvwVÕ GwU †Kvb ai‡bi mgvm Ñ †Kvb c` Ñ me©bvg|
ev‡K¨ ÔJlaÕ kã †Kvb Kvi‡K †Kvb
e¨wZnvi eûeªxn mgvm| 20. AvKv‡k †Zv Avwg ivwL bvB †gvi Dwoevi
wefw³i D`vniY Ñ Kg©Kvi‡K k~b¨|
27. Ô‡h-B Zvi `k©b †cjvg, †m-B Avgiv BwZnvm| -GB ev‡K¨ ÔAvKv‡kÕ kãwU †Kvb
16. Ô‡h‡nZz Zzwg †ewk b¤î †c‡qQ, myZivs
cÖ¯v  b KijvgÕ GwU †Kvb RvZxq iPbv Ñ Kvi‡K †Kvb wefw³ D`vniY Ñ AwaKi‡Y
Zzwg cÖ_g n‡eÕ †Kvb ai‡bi evK¨ÑRwUj|
wgkÖ evK¨| 17. ÔmÜ¨viv‡M wSwjwgwj wSj‡gi †¯ªvZLvwb 7gx|
28. ÔkvnbvgvÕ †g․wjK MÖš wU Kvi Ñ evuKvÕ Ñ iex›`ªbv‡_i †Kvb Kv‡eï KweZv Ñ
‡di‡`․mx| 24Zg (evwZjK…Z) wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
ejvKv| 01. ÔmwÂZvÕ †Kvb Kwei Kve¨ msKjb Ñ KvRx
29. ÔebdzjÕ Kvi QÙbvg Ñ ejvBPvu`| 18. evsjv Q›` KZ iK‡gi Ñ wZb iK‡gi|
30. ÔmvRvnvbÕ bvU‡Ki cÖ_g iPwqZv †K Ñ bRiæj Bmjvg|
19. ‡KvbwU ï× evbvb Ñ Ø›Ø|
wØ‡R›`ªjvj ivq| 02. XvKvi Ôgymwjg mvwnZ¨ mgvRÕ Gi cÖwZôv
20. ÔAwgÎvÿiÕ Q‡›ì •ewkó¨ n‡jv Ñ AšÍ¨wgj
31. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi †Kvb KweZv †Kvb wLªóv‡ã Ñ 1926|
†bB|
iPbvi Rb¨ KviveiY K‡ib Ñ 03. ÔjvRÕ ‡Kvb ai‡bi kã Ñ we‡kl¨|
Avb›`gqxi AvMg‡b| 24Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 04. ÔnvZ-fvwiÕ evMavivwUi A_©Ñ K…cY|
32. evsjv GKv‡Wgx †Kvb mv‡j cÖwZwôZ 01. Ôev½jv fvlvi BwZe„ËÕ †K iPbv K‡ib Ñ 05. Ô‡eUvBgÕ kãwU MwVZ n‡q‡Q Ñ dviwm I
nqÑ1955| W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn| Bs‡iwR k‡ã|
06. Ôkvk¦Z e½Õ MÖš wUi iPwqZv †K Ñ KvRx 09. bvix‡K m‡¤^va‡bi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e Ñ 11. ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ Kve¨MÖš wUi Kwe †K Ñ
Ave`yj I`y`| Kj¨vYxqvmy| diiæL Avng`|
07. ÔKvke‡bi Kb¨vÕ MÖš wUi †jLK †K Ñ 10. Ô‡cqvivÕ †Kvb fvlv †_‡K AvMZ kã Ñ 12. ÔAcjvcÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx Ñ A¯^xKvi|
kvgmyÏxb Aveyj Kvjvg| cZ©ywMR| 13. ÒwfÿzKUv †h wcQ‡b †j‡MB i‡q‡Q, Kx
08. AwaKiY Kvi‡K mßgx wefw³i D`vniY 11. mgv_©K kã¸”Q mbv³ Kiæb Ñ •kevwjbx, wec`!Ó GB ev‡Kï Kx-Gi A_© Ñ weiw³|
Av‡Q †Kvb evK¨wU‡Z Ñ AvKv‡k †Zv Avwg Ziw½Yx, mwir| 14. evsjv mvwn‡Zï BwZe„Ë (AvaywbK) Kviv
ivwL bvB †gvi Dwoevi BwZnvm| 12. ï× evbv‡bi kã¸”Q mbv³ Kiæb Ñ iPbv K‡ib Ñ gyn¤§` Ave`yj nvB I •mq`
09. ‡Kvb mvwnZ¨v`‡k©i g‡g© •bivkëv` Av‡Q Ñ Avjx Avnmvb|
h‡kvjvf, m‡`¨vRvZ, msea©bv|
DËivaywbKZvev`| 15. ‡KvbwU wVK Ñ c‡_i `vex (Dcb¨vm)|
13. ÔcÖvZivkÕ ÑGi mwÜ Ñ cÖvZt + Avk|
10. ÔKvuUvKz‡Ä ewm ZzB Mvuw_we gvwjKv / w`qv 16. ‡KvbwU nqiZ gyn¤§` (m:) Gi RxebxMÖš 
14. ‡h c‡` ev‡Kï wµqvc`wUi ¸Y, cÖK…wZ,
†Mby fv‡j †Zvi †e`bvi UxKvÕ ÑGB Ñ giæ fv¯‥i|
ZxeªZv BZ¨vw` cÖK…wZMZ Ae¯ v eySvq, 17. ÔXv‡Ki KvwVÕ evMaviv A_© Ñ †Zvlvgy‡`|
D×…ZvskwU †Kvb Kwei iPbv Ñ KvRx Zv‡K ejv nq Ñ wµqv-we‡klY| 18. Ôevsjv GK‡Wgx mswÿß evsjv AwfavbÕ Gi
bRiæj Bmjvg| 15. ÔivgMiæ‡oi QvbvÕ K_vwUi A_© Ñ m¤úv`K †K Ñ Avng` kixd|
11. ÔKvuwPÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã Ñ ZzwK©| †Mvgovgy‡Lv †jvK| 19. c`vejx wj‡L‡Qb Ñ iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
12. m‡b‡Ui KÕwU Ask Ñ `yBwU| 16. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z weivgwPý h_vh_fv‡e 20. c` ev c`vejx ej‡Z Kx †evSvq Ñ †e․×
13. evsjv GKv‡Wwgi ÔAvÂwjK AwfavbÕ eëüZ nqwb Ñ XvKv, 21 †deªqvwi 1952| ev •eòexq a‡g©i M~p wel‡qi we‡kl m„wó|
m¤úv`bv †K K‡ib Ñ gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn| 17. Ôev‡gZiÕ kãwUi A_© Ñ Wvb|
14. Ôexie‡ji nvjLvZvÕ MÖš wU †Kvb ai‡bi 21Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
18. cÖ_g evsjv Ôw_mivmÕ ( mgv_©K kã)
iPbv Ñ cÖeÜ| 01. Ôev½vjv fvlvi BwZe„ËÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ gyn¤§`
Awfavb msKjb K‡i‡Qb Ñ A‡kvK
15. ÔdwY-gbmvÕ Kv‡eï iPwqZv †K Ñ KvRx knx`yjøvn|
gy‡Lvcva¨vq| 02. ÔcÖfveZx m¤¢vlYÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ Ck¦iP›`ª
bRiæj Bmjvg|
19. ÔwbivbeŸB‡qi av°vÕ evMavivwUi A_© Ñ we`¨vmvMi|
16. wmKv›`vi Avey Rvdi m¤úvw`Z cwÎKvwUi
mÂ‡qi cÖe„wË| 03. ÔPZz`©kc`x KweZvejxÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ
bvg Kx Ñ mgKvj|
20. ‡h mgv‡mi e¨vmevK¨ nq bv, wKsev Zv gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|
17. Ômvg¨Õ MÖ‡š i iPwqZv †KÑKvRx bRiæj
Ki‡Z †M‡j Ab¨ c‡ì mvnvh¨ wb‡Z nq, 04. ‡KvbwU KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg iwPZ MÖš  Ñ
Bmjvg|
Zv‡K ejv nq Ñ wbZ¨ mgvm| we‡li evuwk|
18. Ômy›ì gv‡bB GKUv AvKl©Y kw³ Av‡Q|Õ
GB ev‡K¨ my›ì kãwU †Kvb c` Ñ 05. ÔKeiÕ bvUK Kvi iPbv Ñ gybxi †P․ayix|
06. ÔPvu‡ì nvUÕ A_© Kx Ñ AvZ¥xq mgvMg|
we‡kl¨| 01. Ôc`vejxÕi cÖ_g Kwe ‡K Ñ PÐx`vm| 07. ‡Kvb evbvbwU mwVK Ñ gyg~ly©|
19. ‡Kvb MÖš wU GqvKze Avjx †P․ayix cÖYxZ Ñ 02. evsjv mvwn‡Zï BwZnvmwelqK cÖ_g 08. ÔK‡g© hvnvi K¬vwšÍ bvBÕ GB evK¨vs‡ki
gvbe-gyKzU| D‡jøL‡hvM¨ MÖš  Kvi iPbv Ñ `x‡bkP›`ª mswÿß iƒc wK Ñ AK¬všÍKgx©|
20. Ôfvby wmsnÕ Kvi QÙ bvg Ñ iex›`ªbv_ †mb¸ß| 09. Y-Z¡ wewa mvaviYZ †Kvb k‡ã cÖ‡hvR¨Ñ
VvKz‡ii| 03. Ôfvlv cÖKvk ev½vjv e¨vKiYÕ †K iPbv Zrmg|
23Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi K‡ib Ñ mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq| 10. wµqvc` Ñ KL‡bv KL‡bv ev‡K¨ Dn¨
01. Puv` mI`vMi evsjv †Kvb Kveävivi PwiÎ 04. ‡`vfvlx cyuw_ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq Ñ K‡qKwU _vK‡Z cv‡i|
Ñ gbmvg½j| fvlvi kã eënvi K‡i wgwkÖZ fvlvi iwPZ 11. ‡KvbwU AbyÁv Ñ Zzwg hvI|
02. ÔBDmyd-‡Rv‡jLvÕ cÖYqKve¨ Abyev` cyuw_| 12. ÔhZ eo gyL bq ZZ eo K_vÕ ÑGLv‡b
K‡i‡Qb Ñ kvn gyn¤§` mMxi| 05. ÔmÂwqZvÕ †Kvb Kwei Kve¨ msKjb Ñ ÔgyLÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡”Q Ñ kw³|
iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi| 13. ‡Kvb evbvbwU ï× Ñ cÖ`Ë Ack‡b ï×
03. Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvM‡ii ÔåvwšÍwejvmÕ †Kvb
06. iex›`ªbv‡_i †Kvb MÖš wU bvUK Ñ i³Kiex| evbvb †KvbUB bq| m: ïwPw¯§Zv|
bvU‡Ki M`¨ Abyev` Ñ K‡gwW Ae Giim|
07. ‡Kvb KweZv iPbvi Kvi‡Y bRiæj 14. ÔeªReywjÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq Ñ GiKg K…wÎg
04. KL‡bv Dcb¨vm †j‡Lbwb Ñ myax›`ªbv_ `Ë|
Bmjv‡gi Kviv`Ð n‡qwQj Ñ Avb›`gqxi Kwefvlv|
05. Ô`y‡afv‡Z DrcvZÕ MíMÖ‡š i iwPqZv Ñ
15. ÔweivMxÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx Ñ D`vmxb|
AvLZviæ¾vgvb Bwjqvm| AvMg‡b|
16. Ômevi Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨ Zvnvi Dci bvBÕ
06. ‡ivwnYx - we‡bvw`bx - wKiYgqx †Kvb 08. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ
†K e‡j‡Qb Ñ PÐx`vm|
MÖš ¸‡”Qi PwiÎ Ñ K…òKv‡šÍi DBj-‡Pv‡Li †jLv †KvbwU Ñ evDÐz‡ji AvZ¥Kvwnbx| 17. ‡KvbwU iex›`ªbv‡_i iPbv Ñ PZzi½|
evwj- PwiÎnxb| 09. ÔmIMvZÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K †K wQ‡jb Ñ 18. ‡KvbwU Kve¨MÖš  Ñ K‡qKwU KweZv|
07. Avgvi mšÍvb †hb _v‡K `y‡afv‡Z- G †gvnv¤§` bvwmi DwÏb| 19. ‡KvbwU bvUK Ñ mvRvnvb|
cÖv_©bvwU K‡i‡Q Ñ Ck¦ix cvUbx| 10. Ôc‡_i `vexÕ Dcb¨v‡mi iPwqZv †K Ñ 20. ÔAv‡evj-Zv‡evjÕ Kvi †jLv Ñ myKzgvi
08. ÔþÕ- Gi wewkó iƒc Ñ n& + g| kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq| ivq|
20Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 02. ÔZvi eqm †e‡o‡Q wKš‧ eyw× ev‡owbÕ- GUv 04. Dcm‡M©i m‡½ cÖZ¨‡qi cv_©K¨ Ñ DcmM©
01. Ôc`Õ ej‡` Kx eySvq Ñ wefw³hy³ kã ev †Kvb ai‡bi evK¨ Ñ †h․wMK evK¨| _v‡K mvg‡b, cÖZ¨q _v‡K wcQ‡b|
avZz| 03. ÔGKv`‡k e„n¯úwZÕ Gi A_© Kx Ñ 05. ‡h Q‡›ì g~j c‡e©i gvÎv msL¨v Pvi, Zv‡K
02. ‡Kvb evbvbwU ï× Ñ ïkÖƒlv| †m․fv‡Mï welq| ejv nq Ñ ¯îe„Ë|
04. wj½vZi nq bv Ggb kã †KvbwU Ñ 06. loFZz k‡ãi mwÜ we‡”Q` Ñ lU& + FZz|
03. ‡VvuU KvUv ej‡Z wK †evSvq Ñ ¯úófvlx|
KweivR| 07. ÔexiejÕ wb‡¤œv³ GKRb †jL‡Ki QÙbvg
04. Ôwelv` wmÜzÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ gxi †gvkviid
05. mvay fvlv mvaviYZ †Kv_vq Abyc‡hvMx Ñ Ñ cÖg_ †P․ayix|
†nv‡mb|
bvU‡Ki msjv‡c| 08. ÔjvcvËvÕ k‡ãi ÔjvÕ DcmM©wU evsjv fvlvq
05. ‡KvbwU Kve¨MÖš  Ñ †kl †jLv|
06. `ywU cyiælevPK kã i‡q‡Q †KvbwUi Ñ G‡m‡Q Ñ Aviwe fvlv †_‡K|
06. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ MÖš 
bb`| 09. ÔAvgvi mšÍvb †hb _v‡K `y‡a-fv‡ZÓ
†KvbwU Ñ e¨_vi `vb| 07. wefw³nxb bvg kã‡K cÖvwZcw`K e‡j| jvBbwU wb‡¤œv³ GKR‡bi Kv‡e¨ cvIqv
07. ‡KvbwU gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm Ñ Av¸‡bi 08. ‡Kvb evK¨wU Øviv Aby‡iva eySvq Ñ Kvj hvq Ñ fviZP›`ª ivq¸YvKi|
cikgwY| GKevi G‡mv| 10. 1994 mv‡j †h cÖeÜKvi evsjv GKv‡Wwg
08. ‡KvbwU kvgmyi ivngv‡bi iPbv Ñ 09. avZzi ci †Kvb cÖZ¨q hy³ K‡i fveevPK cyi®‥vi †c‡q‡Qb Ñ IqvwKj Avng`|
wbiv‡jv‡K wèï_| we‡kl¨ eySvq Ñ AvB| 11. Ô‡KD gvjv, †KD Zmwe Mjvq, ZvB‡Zv
09. Ôe„wó c‡o Uvcyi Uzcyi b‡` Gj evbÕ- 10. ePb A_© Kx Ñ msL¨vi aviYv| RvZ wfbœ ejvqÕ GB cOw³wU wb‡Pi
GLv‡b ÔUvcyi UzcyiÕ †Kvb ai‡bi kã Ñ 11. Ôgwi gwi! wK my›ì cÖfv‡Zi iƒcÕ ev‡K¨ GKR‡bi †jLv Ñ jvjb kvn|
aŸb¨vZ¥K kã| Ôgwi gwiÕ †Kvb †kÖwYi Ae¨q Ñ Abš^qx| 12. ÔAwÿi mgx‡cÕi ms‡ÿ‡c n‡jv Ñ mgÿ|
10. Ø›Ø mgv‡mi D`vniY Ñ fvB-‡evb| 12. Ô‡`vjbvÕ k‡ãi mwVK cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨q †KvbwU 13. ÔnqiZ gynv¤§` (mvt) wQ‡jb GKRb Av`k©
11. Ôhv mn‡R AwZµg Kiv hvq bvÕ Gi Ñ `yj& + Abv| gvbeÕ-evK¨wU wb‡¤œv³ GKwU †kÖwYi Ñ
mswÿß iƒc wK Ñ `~iwZµg¨| 13. Ô‡K․k‡j Kv‡h©v×viÕ- †KvbwUi A_© Ñ awi mij|
12. Ôe¨v‡Oi mw`©ÕÑGi A_© Ñ Am¤¢e NUbv| gvQ bv QzuB cvwb| 14. Ògayi †P‡q Av‡Q gayi
13. ÔmskßKÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ knx`yjøvn Kvqmvi| 14. ÔmwÜÕ e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb As‡ki Av‡jvP¨ †m Avgvi GB †`‡ki gvwU
14. ÔGKz‡k ‡deªqvwiÕ cÖ_g msKj‡bi m¤úv`K welq Ñ aŸwbZË¡| Avgvi †`‡ki c‡_i ayjv
†K Ñ nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb| 15. ‡KvbwU AcÖvwYevPK k‡ãi eûeP‡b eëüZ LvuwU †mvbvi ‡P‡q LvuwU|Ó ÑKweZvi GB
15. Ôb`x I bvixÕ Kvi iPbv Ñ ûgvqyb Kwei| nq Ñ MÖvg| Askwe‡k‡li iPwqZv Ñm‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë|
16. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi iwPZ MÖš  †KvbwU 16. Ôev½vjxi BwZnvmÕ eBwUi †jLK †K Ñ 15. ÔjvVvjvwVÕ kãwU mgvm Ñ eûeªxwn|
Ñ ivOvRev| bxnviiÄb ivq| 16. evsjv fvlvi D™¢e n‡q‡Q wb‡¤œv³ GKwU
17. AvZ¥NvZx evOvjx Kvi iwPZ MÖš  Ñ 17. ev‡Kï ÿz`ªZg GKK †KvbwU Ñ kã| fvlv †_‡K Ñ cÖvK…Z|
bxi`P›`ª †P․ayix| 18. mwÜi cÖavb myweav Kx Ñ D”Pvi‡Yi myweav| 17. kãv_© Abymv‡i evsjv fvlvi kãmgwó‡K
18. Ôms¯‥…wZi fvOv †mZzÕ †K iPbv K‡i‡Qb Ñ 19. ‡Kvb evbvbwU ï× Ñ mgxPxb| fvM Kiv hvq Ñ wZb fv‡M|
AvLZviæ¾vgvb Bwjqvm| 20. ‡Kvb eBwU Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi iwPZ bq 18. Ôgvbe RxebÕ Ôgnr RxebÕ, ÔDbœZ RxebÕ
19. f~lwÐi KvK A_© Kx Ñ `xN©vqy e¨w³| Ñ †`vjb Puvcv| cÖK…Z MÖ‡š i iPwqZv Ñ †gvt jyrdi
20. wbZ¨ g~a©b¨-l †Kvb k‡ã eZ©gvb Ñ Avlvp| 21. KvRx Bg`v`yj nK ÑGi ÔAvãyjøvnÕ ingvb|
Dcb¨v‡mi DcRxe¨ Kx Ñ ZrKvjxb gymwjg
19Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 16Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
ga¨weË mgv‡Ri wPÎ|
22. 1952 mv‡ji 21 †k †deªæqvwii cUf‚wg‡Z 01. ÒÁvb †hLv‡b mxgve×, e„w× †mLv‡b Avoó,
01. Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvwU Kwe bRiæj Bmjv‡gi
iwPZ ÔKeiÕ bvU‡Ki iwPqZv †K Ñ gybxi gyw³ †mLv‡b Am¤¢eÓ ÑG Dw³wU †Kvb
†Kvb Kve¨MÖ‡š i AšÍM©Z Ñ AwMœexYv|
†P․ayix| cwÎKvi cÖwZ msL¨vq †jLv _vKZ Ñ wkLv|
02. ÔAvgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ ivOv‡bv GKz‡k
23. ÔmZZv m‡ev©rK…ó cš vÕ †KvbwU Abyev` Ñ 02. ÔAeg~j¨vqbÕ I ÔAe`vbÕ kã `ywU‡Z ÔAeÕ
†deªæqvwiÕ Mv‡bi iPwqZv †K Ñ Ave`yj
DcmM©wU m¤ú‡K© †Kvb gšÍe¨wU wVK Ñ `ywU
Mvddvi †P․ayix| Honesty is the best policy.
k‡ã DcmM©wUi A_© `yB iKg|
03. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii QÙbvg Kx Ñ fvbywmsn 03. Rxebbvb›` `v‡ki Rb¥¯ vb †Kvb †Rjvq Ñ
VvKzi| ewikvj †Rjv|
01. evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g Kve¨ msKjb Ph©vc`-
04. Ô`¨v wjev‡ikb Ae evsjv‡`kÕ MÖ‡š i Gi Avwe®‥viK Ñ nicÖmv` kv¯¿x| 04. hv wPi¯ vqx bq Ñ bk¦i|
iPwqZv Ñ †gRi †Rbv‡ij myLIqvšÍ wms| 02. wnw›` Ôc`ygverÕ - Gi Aej¤^‡b cÙveZx 05. 'Intellenctual' k‡ãi evsjv A_© Ñ
18Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi Kv‡eï iwPqZv Ñ AvjvIj| eyw×Rxex|
01. evsjv eY©gvjvq gvÎvwenxb e‡Y©i msL¨v 03. ZË¡‡evwabx cwÎKv cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq Ñ 06. ÔAwPbÕ k‡ãi ÔAÕ DcmM©wU †Kvb A‡_©
KqwU Ñ `kwU| 1843 mv‡j| eëüZ Ñ bT_©K|
07. cÖZ¨qMZfv‡e ï× †KvbwU Ñ DrK…ó| 12. ÔmywkwÿZ †jvK gvÎB ¯^wkwÿZÕ| GB 11. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Ô‡fv‡ii cvLxÕ ejv nq
08. Ôcw_K Zzwg c_ nvivBqvQ|Õ K_vwU Kvi Ñ Dw³wU Kvi Ñ cÖg_ †P․ayixi| Kv‡K Ñ wenvixjvj PµeZx©|
ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq| 13. ÔcÖfvZ wPšÍvÕ, Ôwbf…Z wPšÍvÕ, Ôwbkx_ wPšÍvÕ,
12. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ cÖ_g gymwjg bvU¨Kvi iwPZ
09. ÔmIMvZÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K †K wQ‡jb Ñ cÖf…wZ cÖe‡Üi iPwqZv Ñ KvjxcÖmbœ †Nvl| bvU¨MÖš  †KvbwU Ñ emšÍKzgvix|
†gvnv¤§` bvwmiDwÏb| 14. ÔmgKvjÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K wQ‡jb Ñ 13. ‡Kvb evbvbwU ï× Ñ wefxwlKv|
10. ‡Kvb MÖš wU XvKv n‡Z cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ wmKv›`vi Avey Rvdi| 14. ‡Kvb L¨vwZgvb †jLK ÔexiejÕ QÙbv‡g
n‡qwQj Ñ bxj`c©Y| 15. mvay fvlv I PwjZ fvlvi cv_©K¨ Ñ wjL‡Zb Ñ cÖg_ †P․ayix|
11. ÔmgKvjÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K †K wQ‡jb Ñ wµqvc` I me©bvg c‡ì iƒc| 15. ‡g․wjK kã †KvbwU Ñ †Mvjvc|
wmKv›`vi Avey Rvdi| 16. Uªv‡RwW, K‡gwW I dv‡m©i g~j cv_©K¨ Ñ 16. Ôhvi †Kvb g~j¨ †bBÕ Zv‡K evMaviv w`‡q
12. mgMÖ cweÎ ‡KviAv‡bi cÖ_g evsjv Abyev` Rxebvbyf‚wZi MfxiZvq| cÖKvk Ki‡j nq Ñ Xv‡Ki euvqv|
K‡ib Ñ fvB wMixkP›`ª †mb| 17. evsjv GKv‡Wgx †_‡K cÖKvwkZ •ÎgvwmK 17. ÔAvgxi nvgRvÕ Kve¨ iPbv K‡ib †K Ñ
13. mvay fvlv I PwjZ fvlvi cv_©K¨ Ñ mvwnZ¨ cwÎKvi bvg Ñ DËivwaKvi|
dwKi Mixeyjøvn|
wµqvc` I me©bvg c‡ì iƒcMZ wfbœZvq| [ÔDËivwaiÕ m„Rbkxj mvwnZ¨ •ÎgvwmK cwÎKv
Z‡e 2009 mvj †_‡K gvwmK wn‡m‡e cÖKvk 18. evsjv wjwci Drm Kx Ñ eªvþx wjwc|
14. evsjv GK‡Wwg †Kvb eQi cÖwZwôZ nq Ñ
cvq] 19. ‡KvbwU we‡klY RvZxq kã Ñ Rxebx|
1955 wLªóvã|
15. Ôgvby‡liB gv‡S ¯^M©-biK, gvby‡l‡Z 18. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Zvui iwPZ †Kvb bvUKwU 20. eY© n‡”Q Ñ aŸwb wb‡`©kK cÖZxK|
KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg‡K DrmM© K‡iwQ‡jb
myivmyi|Õ ÑG cOw³wU Kvi iPbv Ñ †kL 13Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
Ñ emšÍ|
dRjyj Kwig| 01. Ô‡Muvd †LRy‡iÕ ÑGB evMaviwUi A_© Kx Ñ
19. Òmy›ì †n, `vI `vI my›ì Rxeb| nDK
16. evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq m½x‡Z †Kvb welqwU wbZvšÍ Ajm|
`~i AKj¨vY mKj A‡kvfb||Ó ÑPiY `ywU
cÖavbfv‡e Av‡Q Ñevsjvi cÖK…wZi K_v| 02. ‡Kvb `ywU A‡Nvl aŸwb Ñ P Q|
Kvi ‡jLv Ñ †kL dRjj Kwi‡gi|
17. Ô‡ivwnYxÕ PwiÎwU †Kvb Dcb¨v‡m cvIqv 03. †Kvb ev‡K¨ ÔXvK&XvK& ¸o¸oÕ cÖev`wUi
20. XvKv gymwjg mvwnZ¨ mgvRÕ ÑGi cÖavb
hvq Ñ K…òKv‡šÍi DBj| we‡kl A_© cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Ñ XvK&XvK&
†jLK wQ‡jb Ñ KvRx Ave`yj I`y`, Aveyj
18. ÔGKz‡k †deªæqvwiÕ MÖ‡š i m¤úv`K †K ¸o¸o K‡i Kx jvf, Avmj K_vwU ej|
û‡mb cÖgyL|
wQ‡jb Ñ nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb| 04. ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi ÔK…òKv‡šÍi DBjÕ
19. ‡Kvb Dcb¨vmwUi iPwqZv iex›`ªbv_ Ñ 14Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi Dcb¨v‡mi cÖavb `ywU Pwi‡Îi bvg Ñ
N‡i-evB‡i| 01. Kwe RmxgD`&`xb RxebKvj †KvbwU Ñ †Mvwe›`jvj I †ivwnbx|
20. Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg ÔmwÂZvÕ 1903-1976 Bs| 05. ‡Kvb ev‡K¨ mgy”Pqx Ae¨q eëüZ n‡q‡Q
Kve¨MÖš wU Kv‡K DrmM© K‡iwQ‡jb Ñ 02. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii ÔwbS©‡ii ¯^cœf½Õ Ñ †jLvcov K‡iv, bZzev †dj Ki‡ev|
iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi‡K| KweZvq Kwei Dcjwä n‡”Q Ñ fwel¨r
06. ‡Kvb mv‡j iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Rb¥
wewPÎ I wecyj m¤¢vebvgq|
15Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 03. RvwZevPK we‡k‡lï `„óvšÍ Ñ b`x|
kZevwl©Kx cvwjZ nq Ñ 1961 mv‡j|
01. Wisdom k‡ãi evsjv A_© Ñ cÖÁv| 07. Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm I HwZn¨ †Kvb Kv‡eï
04. evsjv fvlvi Avw` ¯Í‡ii w¯ wZKvj †KvbwU
02. ‡h f‚wg‡Z dmj Rb¥vq bv Ñ Eli| DcRxe¨ Ñ mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS-diiæL
Ñ `kg †_‡K PZz`©k kZvãx|
03. ÔAcgvbÕ k‡ãi ÔAcÕ DcmM©wU ‡Kvb A‡_© 05. ‡h․wMK ev‡Kï Ab¨Zg ¸Y Kx Ñ `ywU mij Avng`|
eëüZ Ñ wecixZ| ev‡Kï mvnv‡h¨ evK¨ MVb| 08. Ôhv c~‡e© wQj GLb †bBÕ ÑGK K_vq Kx
04. Ô‡mvbvjx KvwebÕ Gi iPwqZv ‡K Ñ Avj 06. ‡KvbwU Beªvwng Lvui MÖš  bq Ñ KzPeiY n‡e Ñ f‚Zc~e©|
gvngy`| Kb¨v| 09. ÔAbj cÖevnÕ iPbv K‡ib Ñ •mq` BmgvBj
05. ÔVK PvPvÕ PwiÎwU †Kvb Dcb¨v‡m cvIqv 07. ‡Kvb cÖePbwU ÔnZfvM¨Õ A‡_© eëüZ nq †nv‡mb wmivRx|
hvq Ñ Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj| Ñ AvU Kcv‡j| 10. ‡Kvb ev‡K¨ mgvwcKv wµqv eëüZ n‡q‡Q
06. Ôe½`k©bÕ cwÎKv ‡Kvb mv‡j cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ 08. Ôive‡Yi wPZvÕ evMavivwUi A_© Kx ÑwPi Ñ Avwg `ycy‡i fvZ LvB|
nq Ñ 1872 mv‡j| AkvwšÍ| 11. Rxebvb›` `v‡ki iwPZ Kve¨MÖš  Ñ a~mi
07. ï× evbvbwU wb‡`©k Kiæb Ñ gyûgy©û| 09. Kvi m¤úv`bvq Ômsev` cÖfvKiÕ cÖ_g cvÐzwjwc|
08. Ô`y¨‡jvKÕ k‡ãi h_v_© mwÜ we‡”Q` †KvbwU cÖKvwkZ nq Ñ Ck¦iP›`ª ¸ß| 12. Ôe‡bïv e‡b my›ì, wkïiv gvZ…‡µv‡oÕ- G
Ñ wè& + †jvK| 10. ÒeD K_v KI, eD K_v KI Dw³wU cÖK…Z Zvrch© n‡”Q Ñ RxebgvÎB
09. ÔZvcÕ k‡ãi wecixZv_©K kã Ñ •kZ¨| KI K_v Awfgvwbbx ¯^vfvweK Ae¯ v‡b my›ì|
10. ÔB”QvÕ we‡k‡lï we‡klY Ñ Hw”QK| †m‡a †m‡a †Ku‡` †Ku‡` 13. ‡Kvb ev‡K¨ bvg cyiæ‡li eënvi Kiv
11. ‡Kvb evK¨wU‡Z mgavZzR Kg© Av‡Q Ñ †m hv‡e hZ hvwgbxÓ n‡q‡Q Ñ Iiv wK K‡i?|
†h Pvj †P‡j‡Q Zv‡Z Zv‡K lohš¿Kvix ÑGB KweZvskwUi Kwe †K Ñ KvRx bRiæj 14. ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©avi‡qi D`vniY †KvbwU Ñ
Qvov Avi wKQz ejv hvq bv| Bmjvg| nvwmgvLv gyL = nvwmgyL|
15. Ò‣kevj `xwN‡i e‡j D”P Kwi wki, 14. KweMvb iPwqZv Ges MvqK wn‡m‡e Giv 15. cyuw_ mvwn‡Zï cÖvPxbZg †jLK Ñ •mq`
wj‡L †iL, GK †dvuUv w`‡jg wkwki|Ó G DfqB cwiwPZ Ñ ivg emy Ges †fvjv nvgRv|
AskUzKzi g~j cÖwZcv`¨ Ñ AK…ZÁZv| gqiv| 16. ÔPvPv KvwnbxiÕ †jLK Ñ •mq` gyRZev
16. HwZnvwmK bvUK Ñ i³v³ cÖvšÍi| 15. ‡Kvb k‡ã avZzi m‡½ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡q‡Q Ñ Avjx|
17. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi †`k‡cÖ‡gi cÖej cvVK| 17. wefw³hy³ kã I avZz‡K e‡j Ñ c`|
cÖKvk N‡U‡Q Ñ m‡b‡U| 16. evMaviv hyMj‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb †Rvov 18. ÔivRj²xÕ PwiÎ ¯ªóv Jcb¨vwmK Ñ
18. Ô‡gvm‡jg fviZÕ bvgK mvwnZ¨ cwÎKvi me©vwaK mgv_©KevPK Ñ eKavwg©K, kirP›`ª|
m¤úv`K wQ‡jb Ñ †gvRv‡¤§j nK| weovjZc¯^x|
17. evsjv mvwn‡Zï me©vwaK mg„× aviv Ñ 10Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi
19. evsjv evbvb ixwZ Abyhvqx GKB k‡ãi 01. ÔAvbvimÕ I ÔPvweÕ kã `ywU evsjv fvlv
MxwZKweZv|
†Kvb `ywU evbvB ï× Ñ nvwZ/nvZx Ges MÖnY K‡i‡Q Ñ cZ©ywMR fvlv n‡Z|
18. GK K_vq cÖKvk Kiæb: Ôhv ejv nqwbÕÑ
`vw`/`v`x| Aby³| 02. ï× evbvb †KvbwU Ñ gyg~l©|y
20. gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi ÔcÙvb`xi gvwSÕ bvg 19. evsjv fvlv G kã `ywU MÖnY K‡i‡Q Pxbv 03. ¸iæPÐvjx †`vlgy³ †KvbwU Ñ ke`vn|
Dcb¨v‡m DcRxe¨ Ñ †R‡j-Rxe‡bi KiæY fvlv n‡Z Ñ Pv, wPwb| 04. ÔKeiÕ bvUKwUi †jLK Ñ gybxi †P․ayix|
wPÎ| 20. W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn wQ‡jb cÖavbZ Ñ 05. ÔDfqK~j iÿvÕ A‡_© eëüZ cÖePb †KvbwU
fvlvZË¡we`| Ñ mvcI g‡i, jvwVI bv fv‡O|
12Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 21. ÔGLv‡b hviv cÖvY w`‡q‡Q/ igbvi DaŸ©gyLx 06. ÔiZœvKviÕ kãwUi mwÜ we‡”Q` Ñ
01. wµqv c‡ì g~j Ask‡K ejv nqÑ avZz| K…òP‚ovi bx‡P/ ‡mLv‡b Avwg Kvu`‡Z iZœ+AvKi|
02. Ò¯^vaxbZv nxbZvq †K evuwP‡Z PvqÓ AvwmwbÕÑGi iPwqZv Ñ gvneyeyj Avjg 07. ï× evK¨ †KvbwU Ñ `ye©jZvekZ Abv_v
ÑPiYwU Kvi iPbv Ñ i½jvj †P․ayix|
e‡m coj|
e‡›`¨vcva¨vq|
11Zg wewmGm cÖ‡kœvËi 08. wµqv c‡ì g~j Ask‡K ejv nq ÑavZz|
03. ï× evK¨wU wPwýZ Kiæb Ñ weØvb e¨w³MY
01. Ô‣eivM¨ mva‡b___‡m Avgvi bq|Õ 09. ‡Kvb wØiæ³ kã RywU eûePb ms‡KZ K‡i
`vwi‡`ªï wkKvi nb|
k~b¨¯ vb c~iY Kiæb Ñ gyw³| Ñ cvKv cvKv Avg|
04. ‡Kvb k‡ã we‡`wk DcmM© eëüZ n‡q‡Q Ñ 02. mgvm fvlv‡K Ñ ms‡ÿc K‡i|
10. ‡Kvb cÖePb evK¨ eënvwiK w`K n‡Z
wbgivwR| 03. Ôm~h©Õ Gi cÖwZkã Ñ Avw`Z¨| mwVK Ñ AwaK mbœ¨vmx‡Z MvRb bó|
05. ‡Kvb evbvbwU ï× Ñ cvlvY| 04. ÔAa©P›`ªÕ-Gi A_© Ñ Mjvav°v †`qv| 11. Ô‡k‡li KweZvÕ iex›`ªbv_ iwPZ Ñ
06. Ô‡gv‡ì Mie, †gv‡ì Avkv/Av-gwi evsjv 05. ‡KvbwU ï× Ñ †m․Rb¨| Dcb¨v‡mi bvg|
fvlvÕ iPwqZv Ñ AZzjcÖmv` †mb| 06. ‡eMg †iv‡Kqvi iPbv Ñ Ae‡ivaevwmbx| 12. evsjvq wU. Gm. Gwjq‡Ui KweZvi cÖ_g
07. gaymy`b `Ë iwPZ Ôexiv½bvÕ Ñ cÎKve¨| 07. evsjv MxwZKweZvq Ô‡fv‡ii cvwLÕ †K Ñ Abyev`K Ñ iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi|
08. evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖvPxbZg gymjgvb Kwe Ñ wenvixjvj PµeZx©|
13. ÔAwMœexYvÕ Kve¨MÖ‡š i msKwjZ cÖ_g
kvn gyn¤§` mMxi| 08. c¨vi‡KvbwU ï× evK¨ Ñ GKUv †Mvcbxq
KweZv Ñ cÖj‡qvjøvm|
09. Ô‡ivwnbxÕ †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi bvwqKv Ñ K_v ewj|
14. ‡Kvb ev‡K¨ Ôgv_vÕ kãwU eyw× A‡_© eëüZ
09. ÔmskqÕ-Gi wecixZv_©K kã Ñ cÖZ¨q|
K…òKv‡šÍi DBj| Ñ gv_v LvwU‡q KvR Ki‡e|
10. ÔwkóvPviÕ Gi mgv_©K kã Ñ m`vPvi|
10. wb¤œ‡iL †Kvb k‡ã KiY Kvi‡K k~b¨ 15. ‡Kvb k‡ã we‡`wk DcmM© eëüZ n‡q‡Q Ñ
11. Ôÿgvi †hvM¨Õ -Gi evK¨ ms‡KvPb Ñ
wefw³ eëüZ n‡q‡Q Ñ †Nvov‡K PveyK ÿgvn©| wbgivwR|
gvi| 12. Ô___‡m‡Þ¤î wek¦ mvÿiZv wèmÕ| 16. ÔAvgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ ivOv‡bv GKz‡k
11. iƒcmx evsjvi Kwe Ñ Rxebvb›` `vk| k~Y¨¯ vb c~iY Kiæb Ñ 8| †deªæqvwiÕi iwPqZv Ñ Ave`yj Mvd&&dvi
12. eUZjvi cyuw_ ej‡Z Kx eySvq Ñ †`vfvlx 13. Ô‡gv¯Ídv PwiZÕ MÖ‡š i iPwqZv Ñ gIjvbv †P․ayix|
evsjvq iwPZ cyuw_ mvwnZ¨| AvKiK Luv| 17. ‡KvbwU Z™¢e kã Ñ Puv`|
13. gymjgvb Kwe iwPZ cÖvPxbZg evsjv Kve¨ 14. ÔAvgvi †`Lv ivRbxwZi cÂvk eQiÕ 18. evsjv KziAvb kix‡di cÖ_g Abyev`K †K
Ñ BDmyd Ry‡jLv| MÖš wUi iPwqZv Ñ Aveyj gbmyi Avng`| Ñ wMixkP›`ª †mb|
welq wfwËK AwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz welq †Ìqv n‡jv
evMaviv (GLvb †_‡K 1/2 Kgb Avm‡eB)
Awn-bKzj: (fxlY kÎæZv) cyKzi Pzwi: (eo iK‡gi Pzwi) AvIqvR †Zvjv: (`vweg~jK ev Av‡›`vjbg~jK
Agvem¨vi Puv`: (`yj©f e¯‧) dci `vjvwj: (AwZwi³ PvjevwR) aŸwb †Ìqv)
AKvj Kz®§vÐ: (Ac`v_©) ‡dvob †Ìqv: (wUàwb KvUv) Avb‡Kviv: (G‡Kev‡i bZzb)
A°v cvIqv: (gviv hvIqv) eK avwg©K/weovj Zc¯^x: (fÐ mvay) Avc`-evjvB: (Avc`-wec`)
Aa©P›`ª: (Mjvav°v) eY©‡Pviv Avg: (KcU e¨w³) Avcbnviv: (Zb¥q, we‡fvi)
Aói¤¢v: (duvwK, k~b¨) evwji euva: (ÿY¯ vqx) Avev_vev: (‡KvbiK‡g Kiv nq Ggb, †hgb-
AÂj cÖfve: (¯¿xi cÖfve) euv nv‡Zi e¨vcvi: (Nyl MÖnY) ‡Zgb)
AbšÍkh¨v: (‡kl kh¨v) ev‡Ni `ya: (`y®úÖvc¨ e¯‧) Avjv‡fvjv: (mv`vwm‡a)
AwÜmwÜ: (duvK‡dvKi) wemwgjøvq Mj`, †Mvovq Mj`: (ïiæ‡ZB fzj) Av‡jqvi Av‡jv: (wg_¨v Avkv)
AóKcvj: (nZfvM¨) eyw×i †XuwK: (wb‡iU g~L©) Bu`yi Kcv‡j: (wbZvšÍ g›` fvM¨)
Am~h©¤úk¨v: (M„‡n AšÍixY) e¨v‡Oi mw`©: (Am¤¢e NUbv) BuP‡o cvKv: (AKvjcK¡)
Aÿ‡i Aÿ‡i: (m¤ú~Y©fv‡e) fivWzwe: (me©bvk) B›`ªcZb: (weL¨vZ e¨w³i g„Zz¨)
AKv‡ji ev`jv: (AcÖZ¨vwkZ evav) f~‡Zi e¨vMvi LvUv: (Ah_v kÖg) BZi we‡kl: (cv_©K¨)
AwMœkg©v: (wÿß) wf‡R weovj: (KcUPvix) Bj‡k ¸uwo: (¸wo ¸wo e„wó)
AwZ `‡c© nZ j¼v: (AnsKv‡i cZb) f~lÐxi KvK: (`xN©Rxex) C‡ì Puv`: (AwZ AvKvw•ÿZ e¯‧)
A`„‡ói cwinvm: (fv‡Mï weo¤^bv) g‡Mi gyjøyK: (AivRK †`k) DËg ga¨g: (cÖnvi Kiv)
AšÍi wUcywb: (‡Mvcb Bkviv) gwYKvÂb †hvM: (Dchy³ wgjb) D‡ov K_v: (¸Re)
Aóg½jv: (Avb‡›ì †ik _vKve¯ v) gb bv gwZ: (Aw¯ i gvbe gb) Db‡KvwU †P․lwÆ: (cÖvq m¤ú~Y©)
AMZ¨v gaym~`b: (Ab‡b¨vcvq n‡q) AwMœg~wZ©: (cÖPÐ µz×) DjyLvMov: (¸iæZ¡nxb †jvK)
AMšÍ¨ hvÎv: (‡kl we`vq) AR cvovMuv: (cy‡ivcywi MÖvg) D‡ov wPwV: (†ebvwg cÎ)
A¼zk-Zvobv: (AšÍM©Z AvNvZ) Abf¨v‡mi †duvUv: ( Abf¨¯Í †m․fvM¨) DbcuvRy‡i: (Ac`v_©)
ARMi e„wË: (Avj‡mwg) AbœRj IVv: (Avqy †kl nIqv, PvKwi hvIqv) DbcÂvk evqy: (cvMjvwg)
AMvKvšÍ/AMvPÐx/ANvivg:(wb‡e©va,wb‡iU †evKv) Abœ`vm: (fvZ ev Dìv‡bœi R‡b¨ †h `vmZ¡ K‡i) DuPz Kcvj: (‡m․fvM¨kxj)
AÜKv‡i wXj †Quvov:(cy‡ivcywi Av›`v‡R KvR Kiv) Acvi: (hvi m‡½ cviv hvq bv ev Gu‡U IVv hvq bv) DVwZ eqm: (be ‡h․eb, ZiæY eqm)
A‣_ Rj: (fxlY wec`) Avgov Kv‡Vi †XuwK: (Ac`v_©) Kjyi ej`: (GK Uvbv LvUzwb/civaxb)
AwMœg~j¨: (AZ¨šÍ `yg~©j¨) Avm‡i bvgv: (Avwef~©Z nIqv) K_vi K_v: (¸iæZ¡nxb K_v)
APjvqZb: (MZvbyMwZK ixwZ c×wZ‡Z kvwmZ AvKvk aiv: (e„wó eÜ nIqv) KuvPv cqmv: (bM` DcvR©b)
cÖMwZnxb cÖwZôvb) AuvKvi nvZ: (Qwe AuvKvi ÿgZv, Qwe AuvKvq Kwji mÜ¨v: (‡`․iv‡Z¥ï ïiæ)
Ag„‡Z AiæwP: (g~jëvb wRwb‡mi cÖwZ Abxnv) `ÿZv) KuvVv‡ji AvgmË¡: (Am¤¢e e¯‧)
AKv‡j ev`jv: (Amg‡q AcÖZ¨vwkZ Sv‡gjv, AuvwLVvi: (‡Pv‡Li Bkviv) K~cgÐzK: (NiKz‡bv, mxgve× Ávb m¤úbœ)
wec`) Auvavi N‡ii gvwbK: (`vwi`ª ev `ytLx gvby‡li ‡KZv `yi¯Í: (cwicvwU)
AKzjKvÐvwi: (wec` ‡_‡K whwb iÿv K‡ib) M‡e©i e¯‧ †h-mšÍvb, AZ¨šÍ wcÖqRb) Kv‡Vi cyZzj: (wbR©xe, Amvi)
AwMœe„wó: (cÖLi Ges AZ¨šÍ Kó`vqK Zvc) AvKKvUv: (weivU AvKv‡ii) KPze‡bi KvjvPuv`: (Ac`v_©)
UbK bov: (•PZ‡b¨v`q nIqv) AvKvk‡Quvqv: (AvKvk †Quvqv Ggb) KZkZ: (AmsL¨)
Wzgy‡ii dzj: (A`„k¨ e¯‧) AvKvk aiv: (e„wó eÜ nIqv) K_vi gvbyl: (K_v wVK iv‡L Ggb)
Xv‡Ki KvwV: †gvmv‡ne/ ‡Zvlvgy‡`) AvKv‡k †Zvjv, AvKv‡k Zz‡jv †Ìqv: (Lye K‡cvj Kíbv: (gbMov K_v)
Zv‡mi Ni: (ÿY¯ vqx) †ewk cÖksmv Kiv) Kwji mÜ¨v: (`yw`©‡bi m~ÎcvZ)
Zvgvi wel: (A‡_©i Kz cÖfve) AvPgKvmy›ìx: (nVvr †`L‡j my›ìx g‡b nIqv) Kv¸‡R evN: (wg_¨v RyRy)
`v-Kzgov: (fxlY kÎæZv) Av`vq-KuvPKjvq: (`v-Kzg‡ov ev mv‡c-‡bD‡j) K”Q‡ci Kvgo: (wKQzi R‡b¨ bv‡Qvoev›`v n‡q
`nig gnig: (Nwbô m¤úK©) AvVvi gv‡m eQi: (Kuy‡o) †j‡M _vKv)
`yg‡y Lv mvc: (`y Rb‡K `y iKg K_v) Av¯ÍvKz‡oi cvZv: (nxb e¨w³) KjKvwV bvov: (Kzcivgk© †Ìqv)
`y‡ai gvwQ: (my mg‡qi eÜz) AvKvk g~L©: (wb‡iU †evKv) gv‡Qi gv‡qi cyÎ‡kvK: (KcU †e`bv‡eva)
awi gvQ bv QuyB cvwb: (‡K․k‡j Kv‡h©v×vi) Av¸‡b wN Xvjv: (ivM evov‡bv) wgQwii Qzwi: (gy‡L gay AšÍ‡i wel)
bbxi cyZzj: (kÖgwegyL) Avbvwo: (AcUz, AbwfÁ) h‡ÿi ab: (K…c‡bi Kwo)
‡bB AvKov: (GK¸‡q) Avì Kvov: (A‡bï Avì ev fv‡jvevmv ive‡Yi wPZv: (wPi Akvw¯Í)
cv‡ji †Mv`v: (`jcwZ) Av`vq Kiv) ivkfvwi: (M¤¢xi cÖK…wZi)
‡jdvdv `yi¯Í: (evB‡ii VuvU eRvq †i‡L P‡jb fu~B‡dvo: (bZzb AvMgb) Mwi‡ei †Nvov †ivM: (Ae¯ vi AwZwi³ Ab¨vq
whwb) g-g Kiv: (myM‡Ü f‡i hvIqv) B”Qv)
kuv‡Li KivZ: (Dfq msKU) gb DPvUb nIqv: (Aw¯ i nIqv) M`vB j¯‥wi Pvj: (Avj‡mwg)
kv‡c ei: (Awb‡ó Bó jvf) gq~i Qvov KvwZ©K: (iƒcevb cyiæl) ¸iæPÐvjx: (DuPz-wbPzi mnve¯ vb)
‡mvbvq †mvnvMv/gwY KvÂb †hvM: (Ac~e© wgjb) gvÜvZvi Avgj: (AwZ cÖvPxb Kvj) Mv †Zvjv: (IVv)
nvo nvfv‡Z: (nZfvM¨) ‡gN bv PvB‡Z Rj: (AvkvZxZ dj) Mv‡Q KuvVvj †Muv‡d †Zj: (ïiæi Av‡MB
mv‡c †bD‡j: (kÎæ m¤úK©) gvKvj dj: (AšÍtmvik~Y¨) djvd‡ji cÖZ¨vkv)
Ily‡a aiv: (cÖwZwµqv) ivOv ïµevi: (‡Kv‡bv w`bB bq) ‡Mv‡ì Dci wel‡duvov: (`yt‡Li Ici Av‡iv
‡Pv‡Li evwj: (AwcÖq) ivB Kzwo‡q †ej: ( ÿz`ª mÂ‡q e„nr) `ytL)
‡Pv‡Li gwY: (wcÖq) ‡j‡R cv cov: (¯^v_©nvwb nIqv) NwUivg: (Ac`v_©)
nv‡Z cuvP: (†kl m¤^j) k¨vg ivwL bv Kzj ivwL: (Dfq msKU) Nv‡Ui giv: (AwZ e„×)
Puv` Kcv‡j: (fvMëvb) mvZKvnb ivgvqb ï‡b mxZv Kvi evc: (Pig NyNy Piv‡bv: (me©bvk Kiv)
Po–B cvwLi cÖvY: (ÿxYRxex †jvK) Ag‡bv‡hvM I wbey©w×Zvi cwiPq cvq) ‡Nvovi wWg: (Aev¯Íe e¯‧)
Pwe©Z Pe©Y: (cybive„wË) mvZ m‡Zi: (wewPÎ iK‡gi) NifvOv: (HK¨ bó Kiv)
PvPv Avcb cÖvY euvPv: (¯^v_©ci) KvbvMiæi wfbœ c_: (A¯ v‡b mywb‡`©kbv) NÈvMiæo: (AKg©Y¨ †jvK)
Pz‡bvcuywU: (mvgvb¨ jvK) K~cgÐyK: (NiKz‡bv/ mxgve× Ávb m¤úbœ) ‡Nvov †`‡L †Luvov nIqv: (Aviv‡gi m¤¢vebv
‡PvL bvPv: (ïfÿ‡bi jÿY) Kzj Kv‡Vi Av¸b: (Zxeª R¡vjv) †`‡L cwikÖg Z¨vM)
‡P‡b‡b‡U: (Kgeqmx eay) Kjv †`Lv‡bv: (duvwK †Ìqv) Ni‡cvov Miæ: (‡e`bv`vqK AwfÁZv m¤úbœ
wPwPs duvK: (‡Mvcb in‡mï cÖKvk) Kg‡Rvwi: (`ye©j) e¨w³)
‡Pv‡L ayjv †Ìqv: (VKv‡bv) KvKzwZ wgbwZ: (Abybq-webq) ‡Nvov †ivM: (mv‡aï AwZwi³ mva)
wP‡b †RuvK: (bv‡Pvoev›`v) Pÿz`vb Kiv: (Pzwi Kiv)
‡Kó weó: (gv_v, Mb¨gvb¨)
Quv`bvZjv: (weev‡ni gÛc) PvjevR: (avàvevR)
Kvj‡bwgi j¼v fvM: (Kvh©wmw×i Av‡M d‡ji
QvB Pvcv Av¸b: (AcÖKvwkZ cÖwZfv) wPo aiv: (dvUj aiv)
cÖZ¨vkv)
‡Q‡ji nv‡Zi †gvqv: (mvgvb¨ e¯‧) wPwbi ej`: (‡h †jvK A‡bï Rb¨ fv‡jv
Kv‡b evRv: (ïb‡Z Lvivc jvMv)
Q°v cvÄv Kiv: (eo eo K_v ejv) wRwbm enb K‡i wKš‧ wb‡R wKQzB †fvM Ki‡Z
KzUzw¤^Zv: (‡m․Rb¨g~jK Avc¨vqb)
R‡ji `vM: (ÿY¯ vqx) cv‡i bv)
L‡qi Luv: (PvUzKvi/‡Zvlvgy‡`)
RvgvB-Avì: (cÖPzi Avì-hZœ) ‡P․‡Ïv cyiæ‡li fvM¨: (gnv †m․fvM¨)
‡LRy‡i Avjvc: (AKv‡Ri K_v)
bvP‡Z †b‡g †NvgUv: (e„_v j¾v) ‡Pviv †Mvßv: (‡Mvc‡b m¤úvw`Z)
‡Lvjm e`jv‡bv: (Avgyj cwieZ©b)
bvi‡ì †XuwK: (weev‡ì welq) QjvKjv: (gb ‡fvjv‡bv †K․kj)
c‡o cvIqv †P․Ï Avbv: (webv cwikÖ‡g cÖvß) Lvwe LvIqv: (QUdU Kiv) Puv‡ì nvU: (Avb‡›ì cÖvPzh©)
cyKzi Pzwi: (eo iK‡gi Pzwi) Lvb Lvb: (LÐ-weLÐ) ‡Pv‡Li evwj: (Pÿzk~j)
ev¯ÍNyN:y (AwZ a~Z© †jvK) Lyb Pov: (AZ¨waK µz× nIqv) ‡Pv‡Li c`©v: (j¾v)
eD-KuvUwK: (cyÎeay‡K hš¿Yv †Ìqv) Mwogwm: (Avj‡mwg, `xN©m~ÎZv) Q-Kov b-Kov: (m¯Ív ì)
ePb evMxk: (K_vq cUz) MjMÖn: (`vq ev †evSv) Qv †cvlv: (AZ¨šÍ Zz”Q e¯‧)
eB‡qi †cvKv: (co–qv) Mv`v Mv`v: (ivwk ivwk) wQwbwgwb †Ljv: (bó Kiv)
ev‡iv m‡Z‡iv: (LuywUbvwU) MÇwjKv cÖevn: (AÜ AbyKiY) ‡Q‡ji nv‡Z †gvqv: (mnRjfë¯‧)
ev‡iv gvm wÎk w`b: (cÖwZw`b) MjMÖn: (c‡ii †evSv ¯îƒc _vKv) RMvwLPzwo cvKv‡bv: (‡Mvjgvj euvav‡bv)
ev‡iv gvm †Z‡iv cve©Y: (Drm‡ei AvwaK¨) ‡Mvjøvq hvIqv: (bó nIqv, Aacv‡Z hvIqv) wRjvwci cu¨vP: (KzwUjZv)
weivwk wm°v IRb: (wecyj IRb) ‡Mvei M‡Yk: (g~L©) ‡Rv‡oi cvqiv: (Nwbô eÜz)
cÂZ¡ cÖvß: (gviv hvIqv) ‡Muvd †LRy‡i: (wbZvšÍ Ajm) Rvnvbœv‡g hvIqv: (D”Q‡bœ hvIqv)
cB cB K‡i: (evi evi miY Kwiqv †Ìqv) Mv‡Q bv D‡VB GK Kuvw`: (Kv‡Ri Av‡MB dj nwini AvZ¥v: (AšÍi½ eÜzZ¡)
ce©‡Zi g~wlK cÖme: (weivU m¤¢vebvi mvgvb¨ cÖZ¨vkv) ‡n¯Í‡b¯Í: (gxgvsmv Kiv)
cÖvwß) ‡MvjK auvav: (RwUj) Rj cov: (‡ivM mviv‡bv)
cv_‡i cuvP wKj: (A`„ó mycÖmbœ) MjMÖn: (c‡ii †evSv n‡q _vKv) Suv‡Ki KB: (GKB `jfz³)
cvqvfvwi: (AnsKvi) ‡MvKz‡ji luvo: (‡¯^”QvPvix) Zx‡_©i KvK: (cÖZxÿviZ)
cÂgyL nIqv: (AwZwi³ K_v ejv) ‡Muvqvi †Mvwe›`: (KvÐÁvbnxb) Zz‡li Av¸b: (wbišÍi `nbKvix)
fuv‡o gv fevbx: ( G‡Kev‡i `wi`ª) ¸‡o evwj: (Avkvq •bivk¨) Zzjwm e‡bi evN: (fÐ)
f‡¯§ wN Xvjv: (wbùj KvR) MqsM”Q: (wX‡jwg) ZvjKvbv: (KvÐÁvbnxb)
fvbygZxi †Lj: (Awek¦vm¨ e¨vcvi) M`vB j¼wi Pvj: (gš i MwZ) ‡bB AuvKov: (bv‡Qvo ev›`v)
`vI gviv: (‡gvUv jvf Kiv) mvÿx †Mvcvj: (e¨w³Z¡nxb †jvK) ‡VKv †g‡q: (wPiKzgvix)
avgvaiv: (‡Zvlvgy‡`) mv‡ci cuvP cv †`Lv: (An¼v‡i AÜ nIqv) Wvb nv‡Zi e¨vcvi: (LvIqv)
ag©cyÎ hywawôi: (AZ¨šÍ avwg©K) mv‡c †bD‡j: (Awn-bKzj/ `v-Kzgov/ kÎæfve) WvB‡b Avb‡Z euv‡q Kz‡jvq bv: (Av‡qi †P‡q
bwbi cyZzj: (kÖg-wegyL) midivwR Pvj: (evB‡i wgÎ fve) e¨q †ewk)
bqQq: (wek„•Ljv) ‡mvbvi cv_i evwU: (Am¤¢e e¯‧) ‡XD‡Mvbv: (AKv‡R mgq bó)
cyKzi Pywi: (eo Ki‡gi Pzwi) n-h-e-i-j: (wek„•Ljv) UbK bov: (mRvM nIqv)
‡cvqvev‡iv: (AvkvZxZ †m․fvM¨) nvZUvb: (Pzwii Af¨vm) UBUz¤î: (ficyi)
cvqvfvwi: (An¼vix) nvo-nvfv‡Z: (nvo R¡vjv‡bv) ‡VuvUKvUv: (¯úófvlx/‡envqv)
cMvi cvi: (cjvqb Kiv) nv‡Zi cuvP: (‡kl m¤^j) Vuy‡Uv RMbœv_: (AKg©Y¨ e¨w³)
dci `vjvwj: (A‡nZzK gvZeŸwi) nv‡o `ye©v MRvb: (Kuy‡o nIqv) Xvgv‡Xvj: (‡Mvj‡hvM)
weùy‡ii Ly`: (kÖ×vi mvgvb¨ Dcnvi) nv‡Zbv‡Z: (Kv‡Ri g‡a¨) XvKXvK ¸o¸o: (jy‡KvPzwi)
weovj Zc¯^x: (eKavwg©K) ‡M‡qv †hvMx wfL& cvq bv: (¸Yxi Avì ¯^‡`‡k Xv‡Ki KvwV: (‡Zvlvgy‡`)
ev¯‘NyN:y (a~Z© †jvK) †bB) wX wX cov: (Kj¼)
em‡šÍi †KvwKj: (mymg‡qi eÜz) fv‡Mï gv M½v cvq bv: (fvMvfvwMi KvR wm× Xv‡Ki evqv: (A‡K‡Rv)
ev‡Ni `ya: (`y®úÖvc¨ e¯‧) nq bv) ‡XuwKi KPKwP: (weiw³ Ki K_v)
f~‡Zi ev‡ci kÖv×: (AcwiwgZ Ace¨q) evûi `kv: (`ytmgq) wU‡g †ZZjv: (g„`y MwZ)
f~B‡dvo: (Ae©vPxY) ‡Pv‡ii gv‡qi Kvbœv: (‡h †Mvcb e¨v_v KvD‡K `y‡ai †Q‡j: (KwP)
gv‡Qi gv: (wbg©g) Rvbvb hvq bv) biK ¸jRvi: (wb›`v‡_© AvÇv)
gvwUi gvbyl: (mij cÖvY gvbyl) Djy LvMov: (wbixn cÖRv) cMvi cvi nIqv: (cjvqb Kiv)
gvKvj dj: (AšÍtmvik~b¨) Pÿz j¾v: (A‡bï mvg‡b wKQz Ki‡Z ms‡KvP dzjevey: (wejvmx)
gvwbK‡Rvo: (cyiv‡bv Avgj) †eva Kiv) gvKvj dj: (AšÍ:mvi k~b¨)
g¨vI aiv: (Sv‡gjv ‡cvnv‡bv) Pÿzk~j: (kÎæ) jMb Puv`: (fvMëvb)
h‡gi AiæwP: (mn‡R g‡i bv †h) ‡Q‡ji nv‡Zi †gvqv: (mn‡R cvIqv hvq Ggb) kwbi `„wó: (Kz-`„wó)
ivNe †evqvj: (eo †jvfx) Ro-fiZ: (AKg©Y¨ e¨w³) ‡lvjKjv: (m¤ú~Y©)
ivkfvwi: (M¤¢xi cÖK…wZi) S‡ov KvK: (we×¯Í †Pnviv) ‡mvbvi cv_i evwU: (Am¤¢e e¯‧)
i‡³i Uvb: (¯^RbcÖxwZ) RjvÄwj †Ìqv: (wemR©b ‡Ìqv) R‡j cov: (wec‡` cov)
ivR †NvUK: (PgrKvi wgj) R‡j Kzwgi WvOvq evN: (Dfq m¼U) Rjmv‡bv: (‡PvL avwa‡q hvIqv)
jvjevwZ R¡vjv‡bv: (aŸsm nIqv) Suv‡Ki •K: (GKB `j f~³) `yt‡Li mvMi: (mxgvnxb)
kv‡Li KivZ: (Dfq m¼U) S‡ov KvK: (wech©¯)Í b‡ì Puv`: (iƒcevb wKš‧ ¸Ynxb)
wk‡i msµvwšÍ: (Avmbœ wec`) SivcvZv: (RxY©kxY© †jvK) ‡jvK, AKg©Y¨ †jvK)
kv‡c ei: (AKj¨vY †_‡K Kj¨vY) Uz‡jv cwÐZ: (cyw_MZ we`¨vmvi) bm¨vr Kiv: (evwZj Kiv)
ki‡Zi wkwki: (mymg‡qi eÜz) UB U¤^yi: (Kvbvq Kvbvq c~Y©) bv-jv‡qK: (Ac`v_©)
wkeivwÎi mj‡Z: (GKgvÎ mšÍvb) Uzc f~R½: (‡bkvq we‡fvi) wbfz wbfz: (wbfšÍ, wbf‡Q Ggb)
luv‡oi †Mvei: (Ac`v_©) Uvbv †cv‡ob: (weiw³Ki hvZvqvZ) ‡dviUz‡qwÈ: (avàvevR)
my‡Li cvqiv: (mymg‡qi eÜz) UxKvfvl¨: (`xN© Av‡jvPbv) evNv-evNv: (weivU, e‡ov e‡ov)
wecixZ kã
civgk©: mvaviYZ Avgiv wecixZ kã cwo evg cvk †_‡K Wvb cvk †hgb w`b - ivZ| GUv memgq Kvh©Kix n‡e bv KviY cixÿvq w`‡bi
wecixZ bv e‡j iv‡Zi wecixZ kã PvB‡Z cv‡i †m‡ÿ‡Î DËi bvI cvi‡Z cvwi| GRb¨B Avgvi GKUv civgk© _vK‡e Avcbviv evg †_‡K Wvb
Avevi Wvb †_‡K evg cvk DfqB co‡eb| G‡Z K‡i cixÿvq †hfveB AvmyK bv †K‡bv me©`v cÖ¯‧Z _vK‡Z cvi‡ev|
A¤ø Ñ gayi J¾¡j¨ Ñ ¤øvwbgv wZ‡ivavb Ñ Avwef©ve iRZ Ñ ¯^Y© A_©x Ñ cÖZ¨_©x|
AjxK Ñ mZ¨/ev¯Íe K…cY Ñ e`vb¨ wZh©K Ñ FRy kxY© Ñ ¯ ~j
  Aat Ñ EaŸ©|
Ac©Y Ñ MÖnY/ cÖZ¨vc©Y LvZK Ñ gnvRb Zzwnb Ñ Mig, Dò kej (wewPÎ) Ñ GKeY©v AcPq Ñ DcPq / mÂq|
Avw`ó Ñ wbwl× M„nx Ñ mbœ¨vmx cÖvsï Ñ evgb ‡m․wLb Ñ †ckv`vi AagY© Ñ DËgY©|
Ckvb Ñ •bFZ M~p Ñ e¨³ cÖvLh© Ñ w¯œ»Zv ¯ vei Ñ R½g Awbe©vY Ñ wbe©vY|
FRy Ñ eµ/ew¼g Riv Ñ †h․eb Rq Ñ civRq mg‡eZ Ñ QÎf½ Ae©vPxb Ñ cÖvPxb|
GKvbœ Ñ c„_Mvbœ Vzb‡Kv Ñ gReyZ evgb Ñ j¤^v/X¨v½v ‡m․g¨ Ñ DMÖ/ Kivj Aý Ñ ivwÎ|
J`vh© Ñ Kvc©Y¨ ‡Xvmv Ñ nvév ‡hvRK Ñ we‡qvRK ni`g Ñ Kv‡jf‡`ª AšÍi½ Ñ ewni½|
J×Z¨ Ñ webq Z¡wiZ Ñ kø_ hRgvb Ñ cy‡ivwnZ AÁvZ Ñ ÁvZ| AšÍ¨ Ñ Av`¨|
AbyMÖn Ñ wbMÖn| DrKl© Ñ AcKl©| K…ZÁ Ñ AK…ZÁ| Pq/mÂq Ñ AcPq| `wÿY Ñ evg/DËi|
Abyi³ Ñ wei³| Dc‡iva Ñ Aby‡iva| Kwbô Ñ †R¨ô| PZzi Ñ mij/ wb‡e©va| `qv Ñ wb`©qZv/wbôziZv|
AbyKzj Ñ cÖwZK~j| DrK…ó Ñ wbK…ó/ AcK…ó| KcU Ñ AKcU/mij| ‡P․Km Ñ nvev/nuv`v| ‡è Ñ •`Z¨|
AbyivM Ñ weivM| DËvc Ñ •kZ¨| Kvcyiæl Ñ exicyiæl| Pz‡bvcywU Ñ iæB KvZjv| `xN©vqy Ñ ¯^ívqy|
AeZiY Ñ DËiY| DPvUb Ñ cÖkvšÍ| KuvPv Ñ cvKv| PwjZ Ñ mvay| `ywe©ln Ñ mymn|
Aÿvsk Ñ `ªvwNgvsk| DrcwË Ñ webvk| ‡K‡Rv Ñ A‡K‡Rv| QÙ Ñ mZ¨/Avmj| `y®‥i Ñ myKi|
Aag Ñ DËg| D¾¡j Ñ Aby¾¡j/¤øvb| Kzrmv Ñ cÖksmv| QUc‡U Ñ kvšÍ| ‡`bv`vi Ñ cvIbv`vi|
Aweij Ñ weij| Dcw¯ Z Ñ Abycw¯ Z| K…k Ñ ¯ ~j| ‡R¨vr¯œv Ñ Agvem¨v| `yM©g Ñ myMg|
AMÖ Ñ cðvr| Dcvq Ñ wbiæcvq| K…ò Ñ ïå/‡k¦Z| R½g Ñ ¯ vei| axi Ñ Aaxi|
AÁ Ñ weÁ| D`vi Ñ msKxY©| ‡K․Z~njx Ñ wb¯ú„n| RbvKxY© Ñ Rbweij| aviv‡jv Ñ †fuvZv|
Amxg Ñ mmxg| DVšÍ Ñ cošÍ| ‡K›`ªxKiY Ñ we‡K›`ªxKiY| RjPi Ñ ¯ jPi| bxim Ñ mij|
AcKvi Ñ DcKvi| DcwPKxl©v Ñ AcwPKxl©v| Kz‡giæ Ñ my‡giæ| RvMÖZ Ñ myß/ wbw`ªZ| b~¨b Ñ AwaK|
AbyR Ñ AMÖR| DwÌZ/DÌvb Ñ Kz`k©b Ñ my`k©b| RvMiY Ñ wb`ªv/ myß| wbj©¾ Ñ mj¾|
AÜ Ñ Pÿz¯§vb| cwZZ/cZb| KzbRi Ñ mybRi| Rbeûj Ñ Rbweij| ‣bmwM©K Ñ K…wÎg|
AwZe„wó Ñ Abve„wó| Db¥yL Ñ wegyL| ÿY¯ vqx Ñ `xN©¯ vqx| RxweZ Ñ g„Z| wbZ¨ Ñ •bgwËK|
Abkb Ñ †fvRb| DËi Ñ cÖkœ/cÖZz¨Ëi| ÿxqgvb Ñ ea©gvb| Szbv Ñ KuvPv/KwP| bx‡ivM Ñ iæM&Y|
Ag„Z Ñ Mij| D`vi Ñ Aby`vi/msKxY©| ÿgv Ñ kvw¯Í| SÅvU Ñ wbS©ÅvU| bvw¯ÍK Ñ Avw¯ÍK|
A_© Ñ Ab_©| De©i Ñ Abye©i| LuyZ Ñ wbLuyZ| UvUKv Ñ evwm| wb‡ðó Ñ m‡Pó|
AK„wÎg Ñ K…wÎg| Eli Ñ Ee©i| ‡L` Ñ A‡L`/nl©| UK Ñ wgwó| wbR©b Ñ RbvKxY©|
A‡PZbÑ†PZb/ m‡PZb| En¨ Ñ ¯úó| LuvwU Ñ †fRvj| VvÐv Ñ Mig| wbivKvi Ñ mvKvi|
A‡Xj Ñ mvgvb¨/ Kg| Elv Ñ mÜ¨v| LvUzwb Ñ Avj‡mwg| VM Ñ mvay| bk¦i Ñ Awebk¦i|
AvKzÂb Ñ cÖmviY| FRy Ñ eµ/ew¼g| Lwi` Ñ wewµ| Wv½v Ñ Rj| wbt‡kl Ñ Awbt‡kl|
Avev`x Ñ Abvev`x| Gu‡o Ñ eKbv| Lye Ñ Kg/Aí| ‡Xi Ñ Aí| ‣bwZKZv Ñ A‣bwZKZv|
Avc` Ñ m¤ú`| GKvj Ñ †mKvj| LyPiv Ñ cvBKvwi| Zij Ñ KwVb| wbi_©K Ñ mv_©K|
Av‡ivnY Ñ Ae‡ivnY| Gmcvi Ñ Imcvi| L¨vZbvgv Ñ AL¨vZbvgv| Z¡ivwš^Z Ñ wejw¤^Z| cÖdzjø Ñ ¤øvb/welbœ|
Av`ª© Ñ ï®‥| HwnK Ñ cviwÎK| MÖvg¨ Ñ bvMwiK/kn‡i| Zx² Ñ ¯ ~j| cviwÎK Ñ HwnK|
AvKw¯§K Ñ wPišÍb| Hk¦h© Ñ `vwi`ª| M`¨ Ñ c`¨| Zxeª Ñ g„`y| cÖvP¨ Ñ cÖZxP¨|
Avn~Z ÑAbvn~Z| HK¨ Ñ A‣bK¨| cÖMYxq Ñ eR©bxq| Zvc Ñ •kZ¨| cÖvPx Ñ cÖZxPx|
Avkxe©v` Ñ Awfkvc| HKgZ¨ Ñ gZ‡f`| MY¨ Ñ bMY¨| Zb¥q Ñ g„b¥q| cvðvZ¨ Ñ cÖvP¨|
Av‡`k Ñwb‡la| I¯Ív` Ñ mvM‡i`| Mwiô Ñ jwNô| wZwgi Ñ Av‡jvK| cvjK Ñ cvwjZ|
AvKl©Y Ñ weKl©Y| J`vmxb¨ Ñ Avmw³| Mv¤¢xh© Ñ Pvcj¨| wZi¯‥vi Ñ cyi¯‥vi| cÖwZfvevb Ñ cÖwZfvnxb|
AvKvk ÑcvZvj| K…ZNœ Ñ AK…ZNœ| ¸iæ Ñ jNy| ZvgwmK Ñ ivRwmK| c~e©m~wi Ñ DËim~wi|
Avg`vwb Ñ ißvwb| Kjyl Ñ wb®‥jyl| MjMÖn Ñ cÖwZcvj¨| Z¯‥i Ñ mvay| cÖvi¤¢ Ñ mgvwß|
AvevwmK Ñ AbvevwmK| Kj¼ Ñ mybvg/AKj¼| MÖvn¨ Ñ AMÖvn¨| Z¡iv Ñ axiZv/wej¤^| cÖxwZ Ñ AcÖxwZ|
Avewk¨K Ñ Hw”QK| Kwo Ñ †Kvgj| MÄbv Ñ cÖksmv| wZ³ Ñ gayi| ciKxq Ñ ¯^Kxq|
Avek¨K Ñ Abvek¨K| KK©k Ñ †gvjv‡qg| ¸ß Ñ e¨³/ cÖKvwkZ| ZviæY¨ Ñ eva©K¨| c~e©vý Ñ Acivý|
Bó Ñ Awbó| Kg©V Ñ AKg©b¨| MÖnxZv Ñ `vZv| Zzó Ñ iæó| cvw_©e Ñ ¯^M©xq|
Bw›`ªq Ñ AZxw›`ªq| KzrwmZ Ñ AbeiZ/ me©`v| ‡Mu‡qv Ñ kû‡i| `y¨‡jvK Ñ f~‡jvK| cÖe„wË Ñ wbe„wË|
BZi Ñ f`ª| KzÄb Ñ mijZv| ‡M․Y Ñ gyL¨| `wÿYvqb Ñ DËivqY| cÖweó Ñ cÖw¯ Z|
Bn‡j․wKK Ñ ci‡j․wKK| KcUZv Ñ mijZv| NvZK Ñ cvjK| `yivPvi Ñ †`k‡`ªvnx| cwÐZ Ñ g~L©|
B`vbxs ÑZ`vbxs| µ›`b Ñ nvm¨| NvUwZ Ñ evowZ| `vwi`ª Ñ Hk¦h©| cÖmbœ Ñ welbœ/AcÖmbœ|
B”QvK…Z Ñ Awb”QvK…Z| K…kv½x Ñ ¯ ~jv½x| PovB Ñ DZivB| `„p Ñ wkw_j| cÖexY Ñ bexb|
BwZevPK Ñ †bwZevPK| K`vPvi Ñ m`vPvi| ‡PvLv Ñ †fuvZv| `ªæZ Ñ gš i| c~RK/c~Rvwi Ñ c~wRZ|
Cl©v Ñ cÖxwZ| ‡Kvgj Ñ KK©k/K‡Vvi| Pcj Ñ M¤¢xi| wèvKi Ñ wbkvKi| cÖKv‡k¨ Ñ
C`„k Ñ Zv`„k| ÿxY Ñ cyó| Pÿz®§vb Ñ AÜ| `yišÍ Ñ kvšÍ| †bc‡_¨/c‡iv‡ÿ|
Cáv Ñ Abxáv| wÿß Ñ kvšÍ| wPb¥q Ñ g„b¥q| ‡`vlx Ñ wb‡`©vl| cÖgvwYZ Ñ AbywgZ|
DRvb Ñ fvwU| ÿwqòz Ñ ewa©òz| wPivqZ Ñ mvgwqK| `qvjy Ñ wb`©q/ wbôzi| cÖvqk Ñ K`vwPr|
D×vi Ñ niY| wÿcÖ Ñ gš i| wPšÍbxq Ñ AwPšÍbxq| `yó Ñ wkó| cÖeYZv Ñ J`vmxb¨|
D”Pwki Ñ bZwki| ÿzbœ Ñ cÖmbœ/Aÿzb|œ Pz¨Z Ñ APz¨Z/ jvMv| `yg©wZ Ñ mygwZ| cÖRj ¡ b Ñ wbe©vcY|
civ_© Ñ ¯^v_©| ‣eivM¨ Ñ Avmw³| gÄyi Ñ bvgÄyi| myen Ñ `ye©n| ¯^M© Ñ biK|
cÖK…ó Ñ wbK…ó| eÜzi Ñ gm„Y| g„`y Ñ Zxeª| ¯ ~j
  Ñ m~²| mykÖx Ñ KzkxÖ |
cyó Ñ Acyó| ‣ewi Ñ AbyK~j| gyLiZv Ñ †g․bZv| mgxPxb Ñ AmgxPxb| ¯§„wZ Ñ we¯§„wZ|
cwZ Ñ cZœx| e›`bv Ñ MÄbv| g~Z© Ñ weg~Z©| mskq Ñ wbtmskq/wbðq| msKxY© Ñ cÖk¯Í|
duvcv Ñ wb‡iU| welv` Ñ Avb›`| hvwPZ Ñ AhvwPZ| m`_©K Ñ bT_©K| mgwó Ñ e¨wó|
dvjZz Ñ Avmj| wewK Ñ wKwb| hvhvei Ñ M„nx| maev Ñweaev| miæ Ñ †gvUv|
dimv Ñ Kv‡jv| evgcš x Ñ Wvbcš x| hk ÑAchk| mgZj Ñ eÜzi/AmgZj| mmxg Ñ Amxg|
djevb Ñ djnxb/ wbõj| evPvj Ñ ¯^ífvlx| jvNe Ñ †M․ie| mÜ¨v Ñ cÖfvZ| ms‡hvRb Ñ we‡qvRb|
e‡qv‡R¨ôÑ eqtKwbô| welbœ Ñ cÖmbœ| jvRyK Ñ wbj©¾| mwÜ Ñ we‡”Q`/ weMÖn| ¯^Zš¿ Ñ ciZš¿|
ev`x Ñ weev`x| e¨q Ñ mÂq| ‡j․wKK Ñ A‡j․wKK| m„wó Ñ cÖjq|
mwµq Ñ wbw®…q|
ev` Ñ cÖwZev`| wel Ñ myav| wjß Ñ wbwj©ß| myK…wZ Ñ `y®‥…wZ|
mvay Ñ Z¯‥i|
evûj¨ Ñ eva©K¨| eb¨ Ñ †cvlv| ï®‥ Ñ wm³/Dò| mim Ñ bxim|
ms‡kølY Ñwe‡kølY|
weKl©Y Ñ AvKl©Y| weKvk Ñwejq/webvk| k¨vgj Ñ‡M․iv½| muvS Ñ mKvj|
evûj Ñ ms‡ÿc| fvwU Ñ DRvb| ïK¬cÿ Ñ K…òcÿ| mswkøó Ñ wewkøó| nZeyw× Ñ w¯ Zeyw×|
ewni½ Ñ AšÍi½| f~Z Ñ fwel¨r| ke©ix (ivZ) Ñ wèm| m¾b Ñ `yR©b| nl© /nwil Ñ welv`|
we¯Í…Z Ñ mswÿß| fvUv Ñ †Rvqvi| kÎæ Ñ wgÎ| mwbœK…ó Ñ wecÖK…ó| niY Ñ c~iY|
e¨wó Ñ mgwó| ‡fRvj Ñ LuvwU| mv`„k¨ Ñ •emv`„k¨| myL¨vwZ Ñ wb›`v/ KzL¨vwZ| n«vm Ñ e„w×|
we‡kølY Ñ ms‡kølY| gwm©qv Ñ Avb›`Muv_v| mwnòz Ñ Amwnòz| ¯^vaxb Ñ civaxb| nvwRi Ñ MinvwRi|
evDÛz‡j Ñ msmvix| gbxlv Ñ wb‡e©va| msnZ Ñ wef³/AmsnZ| mvi Ñ Amvi| nvjKv Ñ fvwi|
kãv_© ev cÖwZkã (AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©)

Avne - hy× AiæY - cÖfvZ m~h© HKZvb - mg¯î KvwZ©K - iƒcevb, my›ì
Awfavb - kãv_© A‡cvMÐ - wkï, Aíeq¯‥, Gj wbwbI - Ly‡` wkï †Pnvivwewkó
AvfiY - AjsKvi bvevjK, AKg©Y¨, Ac`v_© IqvMY - gvjMvwo ‡KIqvi - ìRv ev KcvU
Avavi - AvkÖq Acv½ - `„wó‡KvY KviwKZ - K…wlRwg ‡µvk - wZb wK‡jvwgUvi
AvZc - m~hw© KiY DPvUb - DrKÉv KzÐqvb - KzÐjx cvKvb Lvwì - L‡qi
Avwej - KjywlZ D`xPx - DËi w`K K‡cvj - MÐ‡`k L‡cvZ - D‡ovRvnvR
Ae‡j‡c - mM‡e©, m`‡c© AgiveZx - ¯^M© ‡KIqvU - KcvU Lÿ - fjø
Acjvc - A¯^xKvi AwZkq - m`vkq KbK - ¯^M© MÐMÖvg - e„nr MÖvg
AvKvj - `ywf©ÿ AbšÍi - AZtci wKixU - gyKzU ‡MvKzj - Miæ RvwZ
Awfwb‡ek - g‡bv‡hvM Awfivg - igYxq, g‡bvig, my›ì wKixwUbx - gyKzU f~wlZ M„aª - kKzb
AvZZvqx - ¸ßNvZK AagY© - FYx Kwé - ZvgvK f‡i Zv‡Z Av¸b ¸o¸wo - diwm, bjhy³ ûuKv
AšÍivq - evuav Ae~¨p - AweevwnZ †Ìqv nq Ggb cvÎ ev wQwjg MjvatKiY - wM‡j †djv
Avuk‡U - gv‡Qi Avu‡ki MÜhy³ Avmvi - cÖej e„wócvZ, RjKYv
‡Kvwnb~i - myweL¨vZ nxiKLÐ ¸evK - mycvix, mycvix MvQ
Avi³ - jvj‡P Avwkm - Avkxe©v`
Kz°zU - †gviM, gyiMx ¸gvwUNi - cÖnix‡ì _vKvi
Av`gïgvix - †jvK MYbv c×wZ AvfiY - AjsKvi
Kz¤¢wjK - A‡bï †jLv Pzwi K‡i AcÖk¯Í KzVzwi we‡kl
Aiæš‘` - gg©‡f`x Av‡`k - Abykvmb
wb‡Ri bv‡g †h Pvjvq NvNy - AwfÁ
AbxK - •mwbK, •mb¨`j Av‡aK - A‡a©K
Kv`w¤^bx - †gNgvjv PwiZv_© - mdj
AjxK - AmZ¨, wg_¨v BbwKjve - wecøe, Av‡›`vjb
Abycg - g‡bvig B‡ËdvK - m¤úªxwZ, wgj, HK¨ wKYv¼ - Kov R½g - MwZkxj
AwewnZ - AbywPZ EYv©Rvj - gvKomvi •Zwi Rvj Kc`©Knxb - wbt¯^ RYwqZv - Rb¥`vZv
AwewgkÖ - weï× EY©bvf - gvKomv KzÀwUKv - Kzqvkv wRMi - ü`q, cÖvY, gb
Ae©vPxb - g~L©, bexb, AcwiYZ Dcvavb - evwjk Kvbv‡mvAvu - Kvbvq Kvbvq c~Y© wb‡g©vK - mv‡ci †Lvjm
eyw× D`¨Z - ewjó ‡Kvôx - Rb¥cwÎKv wbcvZ - cZb
Aói¤¢v - k~b¨ ev dvuwK Dc‡iva - Aby‡iva ‡Kv›`v - ZvjMv‡Qi †b․Kv `vwLjv - LvRbvi iwk`
AwQ - AwffveK DrKzY - DKzb Ke~©i/ Key©i - ivÿm Rv½vj - evua
AZ¨wnZ - AwZ Awbó, me©bvk DËg - cÖavb KvjK~U - Zxeªwel `diwZ - evuavqKi
AwMœ-mn - hv Av¸‡b †cv‡o bv Dcµg - m~ÎcvZ KvjvKvj - mymgq I `ytmgq Rvdwi - †P․Kv wQ‡`ªi †eov
AÎ - GLv‡b GwcUvd - mgvwa-wjwc KzKzi - Kz°zi, mvi‡gq Zzewo - evwR
Zv¤ªkvmb - Zv¤ªdj‡K †Lvw`Z ev‡gZi - Wvb gKgK - e¨v‡Oi WvK mIMvZ - Dcnvi
ivRwb‡`©k ‡ngng© - ¯^Y©wbwg©Z AÆvwjKv cjøeMÖwnZv - fvmv fvmv Ávb weivMx - D`vmxb
RvnvKzj Ave` - †Mvjv‡gi nvwm mv`x - Ak¦‡ivnx †mbv mg¨K - me©‡Zvfv‡e, cwic~Y©iƒ‡c m¤§vR©bx - SvuUv
axgvb - eyw×gvb k~i - exi civnZ - civwRZ wewRZ - civwRZ
RyjgvZ - AZ¨vPvi cÖfÄ - cÖej evqy cbm - KvuVvj mva© - †ò
ayg - mgv‡ivn, NUv, RuvKRgK exZsm - cvwL aivi dvu` cÖw_Z - weL¨vZ eªvZ¨ - cwZZ
wS - ewYZv, KY¨v fvj - Kcvj cÖZxKag©x - wb`k©b ÁvcK m¤ú„³ - mshy³
wbe©Ü - weavb mgwfe¨vnv‡i - m‡½ wb‡q cÖvsï - `xN©Kvq eªZZx - jZv
UxKv fvl¨ - e¨vL¨v we‡kølY g„Mqv - e‡b wM‡q nwiY wkKvi cy®úviwZ - dz‡ji wb‡e`b msnviK - webvkKvix
wbKzÄ - evMvb msnwZ - ms‡hvM mvab cÖvKvi - cÖvPxi mg - mgvb
‡VuvU - PÂz bxevi - Dwoavb, Z…Yavb¨ cvwY MÖnY - nvZ, weevn, cwiYq, evZzj - Db¥v`
wbieKvk - Aeminxb mgxcewZ©bx - wbKUeZ©x n‡q‡Q cvwY cxob myß - wbw`ªZ
ZÿK - QzZvi Ggb bvix cÖZxwZ - wek¦vm ‡emvwZ - †Kbv‡ePv
wbwZ - †ivR ‡kvwYZ - i³ cÖxYb - cÖxwZm¤úv`b muv‡Kv - msµg
ZqLvbv - f~Mf©¯  Kÿ cÖmeY - Sibv cj¦j - †Wvev ev‡gZi - Wvb
‡bnvwi - †`‡L imvj - Avg cÖPzi - f~wqô mucv - mgc©Y
ZÐzj - Pvj gxbmšÍvb - gvQ cÖK…Z - h_v_© evwb - Mqbv •Zwii gRywi
bxc - K`g cvUvZb - †b․Kv ev Rvnv‡Ri ch©¼ - cvj¼, eûg~j¨ LvU mnmv - nVvr
‡`․evwiK - `v‡ivqvb Kv‡Vi †g‡S cÖexY - AwfÁZvm¤úbœ eq¯‥ wflK - wPwKrmK
‡avuqvkv - †avuqv I Kzqvkvi wgwjZ cZÄwj - cvwYwb e¨vKi‡Yi e¨w³ mßmyi - mvZwU myi
dj fvl¨Kvi ‡cje - g„`y mß my‡i - D”P ev Pov my‡i
wbMi - k„•Lj cvwYwb - weL¨vZ ‣eqvKiY ‡jk - Aí, mvgvb¨ gÐzK - †fK
wbbv` - kã el©xqmx - AwZkq e„×v ‡cvLivR - gwY we‡kl mvqšÍb - mÜ¨v
bxce„ÿ - K`g MvQ ivqU - `v½v kiY - AvkÖq gyL‡Pviv - jvRyK
RbvwšÍ‡K - ms‡Mvc‡b, RbM‡bi mrKvi - mgvì, Avc¨vqb ïw³ - wSbyK ‡mZviv - ZviKv
Avov‡j ewnÎ - †b․Kv cÂg ¯î - †KvwK‡ji myijnix gvaex - evmšÍx dzj
kg - kvwšÍ kiwY - moK, c_, iv¯Ív cyÐª - Bÿz ¯^vÿi - `¯ÍLZ
gvR©vi - weovj nvqì - e¨vNª, wmsn cÖKl© - DrKl© g½v - Afve
wkóvPvi - m`vPvi weea©b - D‡ËRbv kxKi - RjKYv mšÍwi - DËvj
k¦kæÖ - kvïwo weivMx - D`vmxb cÖ¯eª Y - Sibv, †dvqviv, wbS©i heb - gymwjg
cÖw_Z - weL¨vZ ‡emvwZ - †Kbv †ePv kKU - Mvwo ¯^v_©nxbZv - †jvKwnZ
cÖvK…Z - ¯^vfvweK kxj - PwiÎ e`vb¨Zv - `vbkxjZv ivmf - Mvav
weivMx - D`vmxb ivZzj - jvj køvNv - AvZ¥cÖksmv, †M․ie nvwm - Lywk
eûeªxwn - eû avb k¤î - nwiY weayi - KvZi imvZj - aŸsm
cvwifvwlK kã
Allegory – iƒcK Autonomous – ¯^vqËkvwmZ Acknowledgement – Anthropology – b„ZË¡
Agora – gy³vÂj Anatomy – kvixiwe`¨v cÖvwß¯^xKvi Apprentice – wkÿvbwem
Architect – ¯ cwZ Accidental – AK¯§vr Act – AvBb Aristocracy – AwfRvZZš¿
Ancestor – c~e©cyiæl Aesthetics – b›`b ZË¡ Acting – fvicÖvß Arrear – e‡Kqv
Asylum – AvkÖq Adjournment – g~jZwe/ Administration – cÖkvmb Assembly – cwil`, mfv
Anonymous – Abvgv ¯ wMZ Addenda, addendum – Autobiography – AvZ¥Rxebx
cwiwkó, ms‡hvRb
Auction - wbjvg A to Z – m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Anti-Corruption - `yb©xwZ
Affiliation – Awafzw³,
Aboriginal – Avwèvmx Ad-hoc – Z`_©K/ AbvbyôvwbK `gb
Aby‡gv`b
Attested – mZ¨vwqZ Agenda – Av‡jvP¨-m~wP Aid – mvnvh¨ Bribe – Nyl, Dr‡KvP
Annotation – UxKv Affidavit – kc_bvgv/ Alliance – eivÏ, Aske›Ub Background – cUf~wg
Archetype – Avwìƒc njdbvgv Alphabetic, alphabetical – Barren – Eli
Alias – Ii‡d/ Dcbvg Allegation – Awf‡hvM eY©vbzµwgK Bail – Rvwgb
Blockade – Ae‡iva Campaign – cÖPviwfhvb Dowry – ‡h․ZzK Explicit – wek`
Bottom of the line – Avmj Comma (Kgv) – cv`‡”Q` Drought – Liv, Abve„wó Fair price – b¨vh¨ g~j¨
K_v n‡jv Copy – cÖwZwjwc Death penalty – g„Zz¨`Ð Factionalism – ev¯Íeev`
Break of study – wkÿv Cold war – ¯œvqyhy× Divulge – cÖKvk Kiv File – bw_
weiwZ/ Aa¨qb-weiwZ Colonialism – Dcwb‡ekev` Dilly dally – Ah_v †ìx Kiv Filing – bw_fy³
Beauty sleep – cÖ_g ivwÎi Capital market – cyuwRevRvi Directorate – cwi`ßi Forgery – RvwjqvwZ
Nyg Caption – wk‡ivbvg Duplication – Abywjwc, For Good – wPiZ‡i
Blueprint – cÖwZwPÎ Carbon copy – Kve©b AbyeZ©b Folk song – ‡jvKm½xZ
Bill – g~j¨cÎ cÖwZwjwc Debate – weZK© Faculty – Abyl`
Bond – cÖwZÁvcÎ Career – Rxeb‡eM Declaration – ‡NvlYvcÎ, Feature film – KvwnbxwPÎ
Banner – cÖPvicÎ Cadre – c`vwj †NvlYv Fiction – K_vmvwnZ¨
Bulletin – ÁvcbcÎ Cargo – gvj Decode – ms‡KZ‡gvPb Kiv Fishery – grm¨‡ÿÎ,
Ballad – MxwZKv Cartography – gvbwPÎwe`¨v
Demography – RbZš¿ grm¨we`¨v, grm¨cvjb
Barter – wewbgq Catalogue – ZvwjKv,
Deputy – Dc Flat rate – mgnvi
Bankrupt – ‡`Dwjqv MÖš ZvwjKv
Brand – eëmv cÖwZôv‡bi wPý/ Designation – c`bvg Forecast – c~e©vfvm, c~e©vbygvb
Census – Av`gïgvwi,
cÖZxK †jvKMYbv Diagram – bKkv, wPÎ, Foreword – c~e©K_v, cÖ¯vÍ ebv,
Brochure – cyw¯ÍKv Civil war – M„nhy× cwi‡jL f~wgKv
Biography – KPov, Colony – Dcwb‡ek Dialogue – msjvc Forfeit – ev‡Rqvß Kiv
RxebPwiÎ Communique – Bk‡Znvi Diagnosis – ‡ivMwbY©q Formulation – m~Îvqvb
Balanced diet – mylg Lv`¨ Correspondent – msev``vZv Dictionary – Awfavb, Forum – ‡dvivg, gÂ
Bi-annual – Aa©evwl©K, Custody – ‡ndvRZ kã‡Kvl Freedom of speech –
hvb¥wlK Call money – Zjex UvKv Discharge – Kvh©gyw³, eiLv¯Í evK&¯^vaxbZv
Bibliography – MÖš cwÄ, Capitalist – cuywRcwZ Document – `wjj, †jL¨ Glossary – UxKvcwÄ, kã‡Kvl
iPbvcwÄ Carrier – evnK, evnb Documentary – cÖvgvY¨ General manager –
Bio-date – Rxebe„ËvšÍ, Casual – ‣bwgwËK, AvKw¯§K Draft – Lmov gnveë¯ vcK
RxebZ_¨ Chronological – Due date – wbw`©ó ZvwiL Graduate – ¯œvZK
Boycott – eqKU, eR©b KvjvbyµwgK Duty – ïé Genocide – MYnZ¨v
Broadcast – m¤úªPvi Cold storage – wngvMvi Demonstration – cÖ`k©b Guideline – wb‡`©kbv
Buffer stock – Riæwi gRy` Commentary – fvl¨Kvi Donation – `vb Green Room – mvRNi
Bureaucracy – AvgjvZš¿ Community – m¤úª`vq, Equation – mgxKiY Goods – cY¨`ªe¨
By-order – Av‡`kµ‡g †jvKmgvR Germicide – RxevbybvkK
Epicurism – ‡fvMev`
Ballot – ‡Mvcb wbe©vPb Complimentary copy – Governing body – cwiPvjbv
Edition – ms¯‥iY
Curtail – mswÿß Kiv ‡m․Rb¨ Kwc ms¯ v
Epic – gnvKve¨
Civil Society – mykxj mgvR Communism – mvgëv` Grant – Aby`vb, gÄywi
Embargo – Ae‡iva
Civil surgeon – ‡c․i Constitution – msweavb Grantor – `vZv
wPwKrmK Conduct – AvPiY Emigrant – cÖevmx
Emigration – cÖevmb Guarantee – M¨vivw›U,
Covenant – Pzw³cÎ Conference – m‡¤§jb
Excise duty – AveMvix ïé wbðqKiY
Chancellor – AvPvh© Confidential – ‡Mvcbxq
Eye-witness – cÖZ¨ÿ`k©x Gunny – PU
Coup – Afz¨Ìvb Copyright – ‡jL¯^Z¡
Enquiry – Z`šÍ Handout – Ávcb cÎ
Cartoon – e¨½wPÎ Copy writer – wjwcKvi
Circular – cwicÎ, weÁwß Council – cwil` Embassy – `~Zvevm, wb‡lavÁv Hand bill – cÖPvicÎ
Consumer goods – Crown – gyKzU Ethics – bxwZwe`¨v Handy – eënv‡i myweavRbK
‡fvM¨cY¨ Criticism – mgv‡jvPbv Exchange – wewbgq Homicide – binZ¨v
Cabinet – gš¿x cwil` Curriculum – cvV¨µg Expert – we‡klÁ Horizontal – Abyf~wgK
Custom – cÖ_v Currency – gy`ªv Experiment – wbixÿv Handicraft – n¯Íwkí
Customs – ïé Deadlock – APjve¯ v Explanatory – e¨vL¨vg~jK Housing – Avevmb, M„nvqY
Hybrid – m¼i Kingdom – ivR¨ Obituary – ‡kvKwjwc Racialism – RvwZ we‡Øl
Human values – gvbweK Lease – BRviv Occupation – e„wË, Referendum – MY‡fvU
g~j¨‡eva Lyric – MxwZ KweZv DcRxweKv, `Lj, †fvM Rationalism – hyw³ev`
Honorary – A‣eZwbK, Liberation – gyw³/ ¯^vaxbZv Octave – AóK (Q›`) Review – cyb:wbixÿY
mv¤§vwbK Leaflet – cÖPvicÎ Outline – cwi‡jLv, iƒc‡iLv Relevant – cÖmw½K
Hood – XvKbv, wk‡iv‡eób Lexicography – Avwfavb ZË¡ Outstanding – e‡Kqv, Radio – ‡eZvi
Hostage – wRw¤§ Linguistics – fvlvwe`¨v Amvgvb¨ Range – GjvKv
Hygiene – ¯^v¯ ¨weÁvb Leap-year – Awael© Overdue – ‡gqv`-DËxY©, Recruitment – wbhyw³
Hypocrisy – KcZUv, fÐvwg Leave rules – AeKvkwewa †gqv‡`vËxY© refinery – †kvabvMvi
Humidity – Av`ª©Zv Leftist – evgcš x Periodical – mvgwqKx Remittance – ‡cÖiY
Hydraulic – Rjxq Phonology – aŸwbZË¡/ fvlvi Remedy – cÖwZKvi
Hygiene – ¯^v¯ ¨we`¨v Letter of appointment – aŸwbweÁvb Relevance – cÖvmw½KZ
Intellectual – eyw×Rxex wb‡qvMcÎ Provoke – D¯‥vwb †Ìqv Remote control – `~i-wbqš¿Y
Inflation – gy`ªvùxwZ Light year – Av‡jvK-el© Pamphlet – cyw¯ÍKv Remuneration – cvwikÖwgK
Indigenous – ¯^‡`kx Morphology – kãZË¡/ Password – m‡¼Z Resignation – c`Z¨vM,
Industrious – cwikÖgx iƒcZË¡ Plebiscite – MY‡fvU B¯Ídv
In abeyance – ¯ wMZ Kiv Manifesto – Bk‡Znvi Posthumous – gi‡YvËi Revenue – ivR¯^, Avq
Issue – cÖPvi Manuscript – cvÐzwjwc Postage – WvKgvmyj Rotation – AveZ©b, N~Y©b
Index – wbN©›U/ m~PK Marine – ‡b․ mgy`ª, mvgyw`ªK Poster – cÖPvicÎ, †cv÷vi Reference – wb‡`©k, D‡jøL
Invoice – Pvjvb Marketing – wecYb Post-graduate – ¯œvZ‡KvËi Study Leave – wkÿveKvk
Information technology – Mass media – MYgva¨g Prefix – DcmM© Surgeon – kj¨ wPwKrmK
Z_¨-cÖhyw³ Mayor – bMicvj Propaganda – cÖPviYv Syntax – evK¨-cÖKiY/
Irrigation – ‡mP, Rj‡mP Memorandum – ¯§viKwjwc Public words – MYc~Z© evK¨ZË¡/ c`µg
Interim – AšÍe©ZxKvjxb Miscellaneous – wewea Polycentric – eû‡Kw›`ªK Scarcity – ¯^íZv
Inventory – d`© Mobile court – åvg¨gvY Pact – Pzw³ Superstitions – Kzms¯‥viv”Qbœ
Ideology – gZv`k© Av`vjZ Passport – ewnM©gbcÎ Summit – kxl©
Implementation – iƒcvqb, Monogram – AwfÁvb Philatelist – WvKwUwK- Satellite – DcmMÖn
ev¯Íevqb Manager – eë¯ vcK msMÖnKvix Subconscious – Ae‡PZb
Increment – ‡eZb e„w× Modernism – AvaywbKZvev` Point of view – `„wó‡KvY Script – n¯Íwjwc
Innovation – D™¢veb Migratory Bird – AwZw_ Postpone – ¯ wMZ, g~jZwe Sanction – Aby‡gv`b, gÄywi
Insecticide – KxUbvkK cvwL ivLv
Scroll – wbN©›U
Inspection – cwi`k©b Malnutrition – Acywó Postscript (P.S) – cybð
Salvage – D×vi
Installation – ¯ vcb, ¯ vcbv Monopoly – GK‡PwUqv Preface – f~wgKv, gyLeÜ
Sanitation – ¯^v¯ ¨-eë¯ v
Installment – wKw¯Í Monument – wgbvi, ¯§„wZ-¯Í¤¢ Prescription – eë¯ vcÎ
Screening – evQvB
Interfare – n¯Í‡ÿc Kiv Mortality – g„Zz¨nvi Petition – ìLv¯Í
Mortgage – eÜK Separate – c„_K, c„_K Kiv
Interpreter – ‡`vfvlx, Pledge – eÜK
Multi-lingual – eûfvwlK Preamble – cÖ¯vÍ ebv Shallow – AMfxi, fvmv-fvmv
fvlvšÍwiK
Interrogation – wRÁvmvev` Nationalism – RvZxqZvev` Probation – wkÿvbwek, Surplus – D×…Ë
Injuntion – wb‡lavÁv Notice board – weÁwß djK wkÿvbwek Kvj Training – cÖwkÿY
Justice – b¨vq wePvi| Notification – cÖÁvcb Prohibited – wbwm× Transparent – ¯^”Q
Journal – cwÎKv, Rv‡e`v LvZv Null and void – evwZj Quarterly – ‣ÎgvwmK Transparency – ¯^”QZv
Jeweller – gwYKvi Nominee – g‡bvbxZ e¨w³ Quack – nvZz‡o Take to task – wZi¯‥vi Kiv
Jingling of anklet – bycy‡ii Nutrition – cywó Quorum – MYc~wZ©/ †Kvivg Time and again – evievi
SzbySzby Omission – ev`, fzj Query – wRÁvmv, cÖkœ Tariff duties – ïé Ki
Key note – gyjmyi, g~jfve, Ordinance – Aa¨v‡`k Quick action – Z¡wiZ eë¯ v Terminology – cwifvlv
cÖavb Overrule – evwZj Kiv Quota – h_vsk Testimony – mvÿ¨
Knot – myg`ª-gvBj, MÖwš , wMU Odds and ends – GVv †mUv Quotation – ìcÎ Telecast – m¤úªPvi
Treaty – mwÜ Vendee – †µZv Phonology – aŸwbZË¡ Quota – h_vsk
Token – cÖZxK Venture – cÖ‡Póv, SuywK Morphology – kãZË¡ ev Quotation – ìcÎ
Ultimatum – PigcÎ Versus – ebvg iƒcZË¡ Treasury – ‡KvlvMvi
Up-to-date – nvjbvMv` Vocabulary – kãfvÐvi, Syntax – evK¨ZË¡ ev c`µg Treasurer – ‡Kvlva¨ÿ
Unacknowledged – A¯^xK…Z kãZvwjKv Semantics – A_©ZË¡ X-ray – iÄYiwk¥
Unclaimed – †eIqvwik Volounteer – †¯^”Qv‡mex Agenda – Av‡jvP¨-m~wP X-mas – wµmgvm
Unprecedented – Af~Zc~e© Vice Chancellor – DcvPvh© Addenda, addendum – Mass communication –
Universal – wek¦Rbxb Voucher – iwm` cwiwkó, ms‡hvRb MY‡hvMv‡hvM
Urban – ‡c․i Zone – AÂj, ejq, gÐj Council – cwil` Mass education – MYwkÿv
Urbanization – bvMivqY Zoology – cÖvwYwe`¨v Counsel – ‡K․ïwj, civgk© Mass media – MYgva¨g
Wisdom – cÖÁv Custom – cÖ_v
wØavwš^Z wKQz cvwifvwlK kã Petty – ÿz`ª, ÿz‡`
Wage – ‡eZb, gRywi Customs – ïé
Article – Aby‡”Q` Petty cash – ÿz`ª bM`, mvgvb¨
Ware house – cY¨vMvi, ¸`vg Articles – wbqgvewj/ aviv First-hand information – bM`
Warrent – c‡ivqvbv Calendar – cwÄKv mivmwi Z_¨
Vocation – e„wË
Warship – iYZix Calender – Bw¯¿ First-hand knowledge –
Vacation – AeKvk
Water fall – RjcÖcvZ Emigrant – cÖevmx (we‡`‡k ‡g․j Ávb
Vivid – cÖvYešÍ Interviewee – mvÿvrKvi Memo – ¯§viK
Ae¯ vbKvix evsjv‡`kx bvMwiK)
Vacation – AeKvk `vZv Memorandum – ¯§viKwjwc
Immigrant – Awfevmx
Vague – A¯úó Interviewer – mvÿvrKvi Surgeon – wPwKrmK
(Avgv‡ì †`‡k Ae¯ vbKvix
Verification – cÖwZcv`b we‡`kx bvMwiK) MÖnxZv Civil surgeon – ‡c․i
Vertical – Djø¤^, Lvov Judge – wePviK Copyright – †jL¯^Z¡ wPwKrmK
Vitamin – Lv`¨cÖvY Justice – wePvicwZ Copy writer – wjwcKvi Drawee – MÖvnK
Vocation – e„wË Ordinance – Aa¨v‡`k Jobber – `vjvj Dispatcher – †cÖiK
Viva voce – ‡g․wLK cixÿv Ordnance – mgiv¯¿ Broker – `vjvj
c` cwieZ©b (Bbkvjøvn cixÿvq G¸‡jvi g‡a¨B Avm‡e)
we‡kl¨ we‡klY we‡kl¨ we‡klY we‡kl¨ we‡klY
AvnŸvb Avn~Z DËvc DËß Awfkvc Awfkß
Af¨vm Af¨¯Í D‡Ïk DwÏó AiY¨ AviY¨K
A_© Avw_©K Rb¥ RvZ cÖZ¨q cÖZxZ
AvNvZ AvnZ, NvZx ‣`b¨, `xbZv `xb we`¨v weØvb
AvniY AvüZ a¨vb ‡a¨q, a¨vbx ‡db ‡dwbj
B”Qv Hw”QK, B”QzK `vn/`nb `», `vn¨ c„w_ex cvw_©e
D”Q¡vm D”Q¡wmZ ‡`n ‣`wnK el© evwl©K
P›`ª Pv›`ª g„r g„b¥q gb gvbwmK
iO iwOb hk hk¯^x ‡jvf jyä
‡ivM iæMœ jvf jä, jf¨ kÎæ kÎæNœ
‣¯ h© w¯ i jvR jvRyK kv¯¿ kv¯¿xq
kxZ, •kZ¨ kxZj k¨vgwjgv k¨vgj ‣kw_j¨, wkw_jZv wkw_j
‡k․h© k~i ‡m․Kzgvh© myKzgvi mgi mvgwiK
me©v½ me©v½xb mÜ¨v mvÜ¨ ¯^v¯ ¨ my¯ 
¯úk© ¯ú„ó mvg_©¨ mg_© ¯¿x ‣¯¿Y
‡m․Rb¨ myRb ‡m․ôe myôz ‡ngšÍ ‣ngwšÍK, •ngšÍx
Avmb Avmxb Aa¨qb AaxZ AvwZkh¨ AwZkq
A½ Avw½K Aeavb Ae‡aq, AewnZ Awaevm Aay¨wlZ
cÖ‡qvRbxq ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
we‡kl¨ we‡klY we‡kl¨ we‡klY we‡kl¨ we‡klY
AbycÖ‡ek AbycÖweó AwMœ Av‡Mœq AcmviY AcmvwiZ
Avmw³ Avm³ Abf¨vm Abf¨¯Í Abvì Abv`„Z
AYy AvYweK AbyMgb AbyMZ Abyev` Ab~w`Z
Aemvb AewmZ Aemv` Aembœ Awfav Awf‡aq
Awf‡lK Awfwl³ Af¨šÍi Af¨šÍixY, Avf¨šÍwiK Awfavb AvwfavwbK
Afz¨`q Afz¨w`Z Awf‡hvM Awf‡hvM¨, Awfhy³ Cáv Cáy
Afz¨Ìvb Afz¨wÌZ AvKl©Y AvKwl©Z, AvK…ó AvZ¥xqZv AvZ¥xq
AiæY AiæwYg Avjm¨ Ajm Af`ªZv Af`ª
Avì Av`„Z, AvìYxq Avw` Av`¨, Avw`g Avk¦vm Avk¦¯Í
AvbyK~j¨ AbyK~j AvwfRvZ¨ AwfRvZ AvbyMZ¨ AbyMZ
CÿY CwÿZ Avqy AvqycÖ`, Avqy®§vb Av‡ivnY Aviƒp
Dw³ D³ Cl©v Cl©vwY¦Z BZivwg BZi
D”Q…•LjZv D”Q…•Lj DMÖZv DMÖ B›`ªRvj H›`ªRvwjK
DÇqb DÇxb, DÇxqgvb D”PviY D”PvwiZ, D”Pvh© Ck¦i Hk¦wiK
DrKl©, DrK…óZv DrK…ó D¾xeb D¾xweZ D”PZv D”P
DÌvb DwÌZ DrKÉv DrKÉ, DrKwÉZ D‡”Q` D‡”Q`¨, Dw”Qbœ
DÏvgZv DÏvg D‡Ëvjb D‡ËvwjZ D¾¡jZv D¾¡j
D×…wZ D×…Z D‡ØM DwØMœ D`¨g D`¨gx
D‡`¨vM D‡`¨vMx Dbœqb DbœxZ EaŸ© EaŸ©Zb
Dcgv Dc‡gq, DcwgZ FY FYx GKK GK
GKvMÖZv GKvMÖ GlYv/ Glv Glbxq HKvwšÍKZv HKvwšÍK
HwZn¨ HwZn¨kvjx Hk¦h© Hk¦h©gvjx, Hk¦wh©K IRw¯^Zv IR¯^x
Iô Iô¨, Jô¨ JwPZ¨ DwPZ J¾¡j¨ D¾¡j
JrmyK¨ DrmyK J`vh© D`vi J`vmxb¨ D`vmxb
J×Z¨ D×Z KÉ KÉ¨ KvcU¨, KcUZv KcU
Kg© Kg©V KvV ‡K‡Vv Kvgbv Kvg¨, Kvgbxq
Kvc©Y¨, K…cYZv K…cY Kvq KvwqK KzwUjZv KzwUj
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Kzu‡owg Kuy‡o ‡K․ie ‡K․ie¨ K…kZv, Kvk¨ K…k
‣K‡kvi wK‡kvi ‡K․Z~nj ‡K․Z~njx ÿY ÿwYK
ÿgv ÿgvn© ÿq ÿqx, ÿwqZ, ÿxqgvY, wÿcÖZv wÿcÖ
‡ÿvf ÿzä, †ÿvwfZ ÿwqòz ÿzwbœe„wË ÿzwbœe„Ë
ÿxYZv ÿxY ÿzav ÿzavZ©, ÿzwaZ LÐ, LÐb LwÐZ, LÐbxq
Lbb LwbZ Lv`b Lv`K, Lvw`Z Lyb Ly‡b, Lywb
M½v Mv‡½q Lv`¨ Lvw`Z ‡L` wLbœ
Mvb ‡Mq, MxZ ‡L‡jvqvo, †Ljv ‡L‡jvqvwo, †Ljy‡o ‡Lqvj ‡Lqvwj
MÖvg MÖvg¨, MÖvgxY Mv¤¢xh©, M¤¢xiZv M¤¢xi MÖvm MÖ¯Í
Mwigv ‡M․iweZ, MÖš  MÖwš Z, MÖw_Z MÖnY MÖvn¨, MÖnYxq
†M․ievwš^Z Muv ‡Mu‡qv MvQ ‡M‡Qv
Mwievbv Mwie ¸iæZ¡, †M․ie ¸iæ (`vwqZ¡c~Y©) M„n M„n¨
wMwi ‣MwiK ‡Mv Me¨ Ni N‡ivqv
NbZ¡ Nb PvjvwK PvjvK ‣PZb¨ ‡PZb
Pÿz Pvÿzl D`q Dw`Z, D`xqgvb PZziZv, PvZzh© PZzi
PwiÎ PvwiwÎK ‡Q` ‡Qw`Z, wQbœ, †Q`¨ PZzivwj PZzi
Rš‧ RvšÍe `yóvwg `yó Rq wRZ, †Rq
Rj Rjxq, R‡jv RvwZ RvZxq Rxeb RxešÍ
Ávb Ávbx SMov SMov‡U S¼vi S¼…Z
So S‡ov SjK SjwKZ UvK ‡U‡Kv
wW¤^ wW¤^R Wze WzešÍ ZË¡ ZvwË¡K
ZK© ZvwK©K Zvjy Zvje¨ Z¨vM Z¨³, Z¨vR¨
Zvij¨, ZijZv Zij ZviæY¨ ZiæY wZi¯‥vi wZi¯‥Z …
‡ZR ‡ZR¯^x, †ZwR ùvZ ùvZvj, †ù‡Zv avZz avZe
`„pZv `„p ‡`k ‡`kxq, •`wkK axiZv axi
`vwi`ª¨, `wi`ªZv `wi`ª ‡`․ivZ¥¨ `yivZ¥v `yišÍcbv `yišÍ
‣`N©¨ `xN© wØZ¡ wØ ag© ag©xq, avwg©K
a~Z©Zv, a~Z©cbv a~Z© ‣ah©, axiZv axi bvK ‡b‡Kv, bvwK
b¨vq b¨vh¨ b¨vKvwg b¨vKv bxwjgv bxj
‡b․ bve¨ bexbZv bexb b¤ªZv b¤ª
bxwjgv bxj csw³ cvs‡³q c¼ cw¼j
ci ciKxq civfe civf~Z cwiPq cwiwPZ
ce©Z cve©Z¨ cðvr cvðvZ¨ cv_i cv_y‡i
cvÐz cvÐe cvV cvV¨, cwVZ, cwVZe¨ cvb cvbxq, cxZ, †cq
wcZv ‣cZ…K cvKvwg cvKv cyi ‡c․i
cÖvPzh© cÖPzi cvMjvwg cvMj avb ‡a‡bv
cywó cywóKi cy®ú cyw®úZ cÖwZôv cÖwZwôZ
cÖK…wZ cÖvK…Z, cÖvK…wZK cÖgvY cÖgvwYZ, cÖvgvb¨, cÖÁv cÖvÁ
dj dwjZ, djevb cÖvgvwYK cÖvPxi cÖvP¨
dzj dz‡jj ecb Dß cÖZxPx cÖZxP¨
e¯‧ ev¯Íe eiY e„Z, eiYxq eb ey‡bv, eb¨
evqy evqexq, evqe¨ evK evOgq eveyqvbv evey
we`y¨r ‣e`y¨wZK e¨vKiY ‣eqvKiY wewa we‡aq, •ea
wecøe wecøex, •ecøweK weavb wewnZ, we‡aq wekÖvg wekÖvšÍ
exiZ¡, exh© exi weevn ‣eevwnK ‣e`»¨ we`»
eyw×gËv eyw×gvb ‡envqvcbv ‡envqv ‡f` wfbœ
‣ewPÎ wewPÎ fÐvwg fÐ f~Z ‡f․wZK
f½ fMœ, f½yi fvZ ‡f‡Zv g` gË
‡gvn gy», g~p g½j gv½wjK gvsm gvsmvj
g~L©Zv g~L© gnË¡, gwngv gnr gvV ‡g‡Vv
gyL gyL¨, gyLi, †g․wLK gvayh©, gayiZv gayi g~j ‡g․wjK
i³ iw³g, i³v³ ‡ikg ‡ikwg g„`yZv g„`y
iÿv iwÿZ jwNgv, jvNe jNy, jwNô iÄb iwÄZ
jÿY jvÿwYK, jvÿY¨ j¾v jw¾Z, jvRyK jeY jeYv³, jvewYK
jveY¨ jveY¨gq kw³ k³, kw³kvjx jvjb jvwjZ
jvwjgv jvj kVZv, kvV¨ kV kL ‡k․wLb
‡jvK ‡j․wKK kã kvwãK, kãvqgvb wkÿv wkwÿZ
k¼v kw¼Z wkj¨v ‣kj kÖ×v kÖ‡×q
kni kû‡i ‡kvK ‡kvPbxq, †kvKvZ© ms‡ÿc mswÿß
wkí ‣kwíK kÖeY kÖe¨, kÖve¨, kÖeYxq msMÖvg msMÖvgx
¯^v` ¯^v`y msÁv mswÁZ, msÁK mgMÖZv mgMÖ, mvgwMÖK
msL¨v ms‡L¨q, mvsL¨ mZZv, mËv mr mnvqZv, mvnvh¨, mnvqK
mnvq
msev` mvsevw`K mgy`ª mvgyw`ªK ‡mPb wm³
m¤§vwZ m¤§Z wmÜz ‣mÜe m¤§wZ m¤§Z
¯œvqy ¯œvqyweK m~h© ‡m․i ‡m․›`h© my›ì
my‡Zv myZx mijZv, mvij¨ mij nZ¨v nZ, nšÍv
nl©Y nwl©Z ‡mvbv ‡mvbvwj wnZ wnZKi
ü`q ü`¨ n¯Í n¯ÍMZ n«¯Z
^ v, n«¯^Z¡ n«¯^
¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz evbvb (GLv‡b, g‡Wj †U‡÷i evB‡ii evbvb¸‡jv †Ìqv n‡q‡Q)
b~cyi, mylg, cÖZ~¨l, e~¨n, cÖRw¡ jZ, cÖR¡jb, †cÖv¾¡j cwicK¡, PvKwi, mv¶x, mv¶¨, GZÏ¦viv, Dch©y³ / DcwiD³, B‡Zvg‡a¨, BZtc~‡e©, myôy,
AvKv•ÿv, Kvw•ÿZ, cwi‡lev, ¯^”Q, m”Qj, Ø›Ø, fyeb, f~wg, A™¢yZ, fyZy‡o, f~Z, ewnf©~Z, f~Zc~e©, f~wgKv, f~wgô, f~qmx, fyj, fyqv, gyn~Z©, gyg~l©y,
weØvb, we`ylx, DwPZ, fwel¨r, miKvwi, mnKvix, mxgv, mxgvnxb, B`vbxs, Z`vbxs, †Mvôx, FYMÖnxZv, j²x, hÿv, ‣cZ…K, Agvem¨v, EaŸ©, EaŸ©Zb,
AZ¨šÍ, AZ¨waK, Aa¨qb, e¨vKiY, MMb, cÖv½Y, mvšÍ¦bv, me©¯^všÍ, m‡`¨vRvZ, AwMÖg, wbLyuZ, e¨vnZ, Ae¨vnZ, Ae¨vnwZ, GKgyLx, wØgyLx, wÎgyLx,
eûgyLx, gy‡LvgywL, hve¾xeb, Mwie, ¯îƒc, Riæwi, e`wj, gÄywi, Avg`vwb, idZvwb/ißvwb, R¡vjvwb, bZyb, b~Zb, cybtcÖKvk, cybtcix¶v,
cybtcÖ‡ek, cybtcÖwZôv, cybR©xweZ, cybwb©‡qvM, cybwewbg©vY, cybwg©jb, cybj©vf, cybg©yw`ªZ, cybM©Vb, cybe©vmb, cybiæ×vi, cybive…wË, g~L©, cy®‥wiYx,
kvk¦Z, k¦ïi, kvïwo, ïkÖƒlv, k¥kvb, b„ksm, Askx`vi, Aa¯Íb, gvZ…l¦mv (Lvjv), fzwifzwi, e¨MÖ, e¨vwa, wbkx_, QvÎQvÎx, mycvwik, ï×vïw×,
†m․wßK, cyY¨vn, ÿzwbœe„Ë, wbixn, †m․nv`©¨, mvg_©¨, †`․ivZ¥¨, RvR¡j¨gvb, AšÍixY, m¯¿xK, g‡bv‡hvM, wki‡ñ`, ivwÎ, Acivnè (Y), c~e©vnè (Y),
ga¨vý (b), mvqvý (b), Af¨¯Í, Avk¯Í, ¯^w¯Í, evavMÖ¯Í, ¶wZMÖ¯,Í nZvkvMÖ¯Í, wec`MÖ¯Í, wbKU¯ , Øvi¯ , gyL¯ , KÉ¯ , gÂ¯ , c`¯ , Ac`¯ , my¯ ,
`y¯ , gw¯Í®‥, cvÄvwe, Kvwk¥wi, cvMjvwg, dwiqvw`, m~wP, m~wPcÎ, Kg©m~wP, miwY, cwÄ, A¼, A¼b, Aw¼Z, A¼yi, A½, A½b, Avk¼v, cO& w³, c¼R,
e½, evOvwj/ev½vwj, iw½b/iwOb, kk¼, k…•Lj, k…½, m½x, nv½vgv, ¯^vZš¿¨/¯^Zš¿/¯^Zš¿Zv, `vwi`ª¨ / `wi`ª / `wi`ªZv, wÎbqb, D”Q¡vm, mZ¡i, PZ¡i,
ZË¡veavqK, ZË¡veavb, AvqË, ZË¡, DcvË, ¯^Z¡vwaKvi, ¯^v_©v‡š^lx, kiYv_©x, kiYvcbœ, D”Q…•Lj, g‡bvbxZ, KxZ©b, iRbx, e¨ZxZ, e¨wZµg,
e¨wZ‡i‡K, †kÖwYK¶, cÖvYx, cÖvwYZË¡, cÖvwYm¤ú`, gnr, gnË¡, gbyl¨Z¡, cïZ¡, †èZ¡, ag©Z, Kvh©Z, b¨vqZ, e¯‧Z, µgk, cÖvqk, nZf¤^, cÂvk,
cvuP, cuwPk, cuqwÎk, mvuBwÎk, cuqZvwjøk, cuqlwÆ, cuPvËi, cuPvwk, cuPvbeŸB, AvuKvevuKv, cyuR, m¨vuZm¨vu‡Z, avuav, lvuo, DuPy, KvuVvj, KvuPv, Avuk,
Avuavi, `ytmn, `ytmgq, Avjm¨, mvg_¨©, †K․jxb¨, ‣kw_j¨, ‣ewkó¨, nxb¤§b¨Zv, gvic¨vuP/gvi‡cuP, giƒ`¨vb, f~‡Mvj, †f․‡MvwjK, fwel¨ØvYx, M…wnYx,
mØënvi, G¶ywb, n¾, AvjnvR, gymvwdi, wMÖb, wMÖK, wMÖm, weªwUk, wiKkv, wL«ó, wL«óxq, whïwLªó, wL«óvã, wL«óvb, wWwMÖ, ¯‥jviwkc, †÷kbvwi,
cÖvBgvwi, w÷gvi, Rvbyqvwi, ‡deªæqvwi, †÷vi, ÷vd, ÷vi, evm÷¨vÛ, d‡Uv÷¨vU, nb©, Kb©vi, gWvb©, Gwkqvb, Gkxq, BD‡ivwcqvb, BD‡ivcxq,
BUvwjqvb, BZvjxq, †Kvwiqvb, †Kvixq, †¯úwbk, †¯úbxq, wgmixq|
GK K_vq cÖKvk (g‡Wj †U‡÷i evB‡ii ¸‡jv †Ìqv n‡jv)

AKv‡j c° n‡q‡Q hv - AKvjcK¡| hv †Kv_vI DuPy †Kv_vI wbPy - eÜyi| Avjøvni Aw¯Í‡Z¡¡ wek¦vm Av‡Q hvi - Avw¯ÍK|
Aby‡Z (cðv‡Z) R‡b¥‡Q †h - AbyR| hv µgk ewa©Z n‡”Q - ewa©òy| Avjøvni Aw¯Í‡Z¡ wek¦vm †bB hvi - bvw¯ÍK|
AwfÁZvi Afve Av‡Q hvi - AbwfÁ| hv Lye kxZj ev Dò bq - bvwZkx‡Zvò| GKB gvZvi D`‡i RvZ †h - m‡nvì|
AnsKvi †bB hvi - wbinsKvi| hv `xwß cv‡”Q - †``xc¨gvb| w`‡b †h GKevi Avnvi K‡i - GKvnvix|
AvPv‡i wbôv Av‡Q hvi - AvPviwbô| hvi Dcw¯ Z eyw× Av‡Q - cÖZy¨rcbœgwZ| bó nIqvB ¯^fve hvi - bk¦i|
Avw` †_‡K AšÍ ch©šÍ - Av`¨šÍ, Av‡`¨vcvšÍ| hvi esk cwiPq Ges ¯^fve †KDB Rv‡b bv †b․Kv Øviv RxweKv wbe©vn K‡i †h - bvweK|
Avcbv‡K †K›`« K‡i wPšÍv hvi - AvZ¥‡Kw›`«K| AÁvZKyjkxj| we‡`‡k _v‡K †h - cÖevmx|
Bw›`ªq‡K Rq K‡ib whwb - wR‡Zw›`ªq| hvi me©¯^ nvwi‡q †M‡Q - me©nviv, üZme©¯^| hv Aa¨qb Kiv n‡q‡Q - AaxZ|
Clr Avwgl (Avuk) MÜ hvi - Avuk‡U| whwb e³…Zv `v‡b cUy - evM¥x| hv AvNvZ cvqwb - AbvnZ|
DcKvixi AcKvi K‡i †h - K…ZNœ| †h µgvMZ ‡iv`b Ki‡Q - ‡iviæ`¨gvb| hv Dw`Z n‡”Q - D`xqgvb|
DcKvixi DcKvi ¯^xKvi K‡i bv †h - AK…ZÁ †h wel‡q ‡Kv‡bv weZK© ev wemsev` †bB - hv KL‡bv bó nq bv - Awebk¦i|
DcKvixi DcKvi ¯^xKvi K‡i †h - K…ZÁ| Awemsevw`Z| hv wPšÍv Kiv hvq bv AwPšÍbxq, AwPšÍ¨|
GK †_‡K ïiæ K‡i µgvMZ - GKvw`µ‡g| †h ie ï‡b G‡m‡Q - ievûZ hv R‡j I ¯ ‡j P‡i - DfPi|
Kg© m¤úv`‡b cwikÖgx - Kg©V| †h ‡ivM wbY©q Ki‡Z nvZwo‡q K¬všÍ - hv R‡j P‡i - RjPi|
RxweZ †_‡KI †h g…Z - Rxeb¥„Z| nvZz‡o| hv _‡j P‡i - _jPi|
Zj ¯úk© Kiv qvq bv hvi - AZj¯úk©x| A‡b‡Ki g‡a¨ GKRb - Ab¨Zg| hv evi evi `yj‡Q - †`v`yj¨gvb|
cv †_‡K gv_v ch©šÍ - Avcv`g¯ÍK| AvKv‡k †eovq †h - AvKvkPvix, †LPi| hv mvavi‡Yi g‡a¨ †`Lv hvq bv Ggb -
hv AwZ `xN© bq - bvwZ`xN©| Avcbv‡K †h cwÐZ g‡b K‡i - cwÐZ¤§b¨| Abb¨mvaviY|
hvi AvKvi KyrwmZ - K`vKvi| ‣PÎ gv‡m Drcbœ dmj - ‣PZvwj| hv AvNvZ cvq wb - AbvnZ|
hvi ‡Kv‡bv Dcvq †bB - wbiæcvq| †Pv‡Li †KvY - Acv½| hv cvb Kivi ‡hvM¨ - ‡cq|
hvi ‡Kv‡bv wKQy †_‡KB fq †bB - R‡qi Rb¨ †h Drme - RqšÍx| hv ePb/ev‡K¨ cÖKvk †hvM¨ bq - Awbe©Pbxq|
AKz‡Zvfq| Rjcv‡bi Rb¨ ‡`qv A_© - Rjcvwb (e…wË)| hvi Cnv (‡Póv) †bB - wbixn|
hvi cÖK…Z eY© aiv hvq bv - eY©‡Pviv| R¡j R¡j Ki‡Q hv - RvR¡j¨gvb| hvi †Kv‡bv wZw_ †bB - AwZw_|
hvi we‡kl L¨vwZ Av‡Q - weL¨vZ| R¡j‡Q †h AwP© (wkLv) - R¡j`wP©| hvi `yB w`K ev Pvi w`‡K Rj - Øxc|
†h fwel¨r bv †f‡eB KvR K‡i - †`‡L †Pv‡Li Avkv †g‡U bv hv‡K - AZ…ß`…k¨| hvi `ywU gvÎ `vuZ - wØi` (nvwZ)|
Aweg…l¨Kvix| Øv‡i _v‡K †h - †`․evwiK| hvi `yevi Rb¥ nq - wØR|
†h fwel¨‡Zi wPšÍv K‡i bv ev †`‡L bv - ag©cyiæl ev mbœ¨vmxi ch©Ub - cwieªvRb| hvi `ynvZ mgvb P‡j - me¨mvPx|
AcwiYvg`k©x| agx©q KvR Kivi Rb¨ Zx_©ågY - cÖeªR¨v| hvi c~e©R‡b¥i K_v ¯§iY Av‡Q - RvwZ¯§i|
†h ï‡bB g‡b ivL‡Z cv‡i - kÖæwZai| ayi (Zxÿè eyw×) aviY K‡i †h - ayiÜi| hy× †_‡K †h exi cvjvq bv - mskßK|
†h mKj AZ¨vPviB m‡n hvq - me©smnv| wbZvšÍ `» nq †h mg‡q (MÖx®§Kvj) - wb`vN| †h Ac‡ii †jLv Pywi K‡i wbRbv‡g Pvjvq -
ïf ¶‡Y Rb¥ hvi - ¶YRb¥v| bxj eY© cÙ - Bw›èi| Ky¤¢xjK|
m¤§y‡L AMÖmi n‡q Af¨_©bv - cÖZz¨`„Mgb| b¨vq kv¯¿ Rv‡bb whwb - ‣bqvwqK| †h Avcbv‡K nZ¨v K‡i - AvZ¥NvZx|
AR (QvMj) ‡K MÖvm K‡i hv - ARMi| cZœx eZ©gvb _vKv m‡Ë¡I cybwe©evn - †h Av‡jv‡Z Kygy` †dv‡U - †K․gy`x|
Ab¨ MwZ bvB hvi - AMZ¨v Awa‡e`b| †h Mgb K‡i bv - bM (cvnvo)|
AeÁvq bvK DuPy K‡ib whwb - DbœvwmK| cZœxi mv‡_ eZ©gvb - mcZœxK| †h we`¨v jvf K‡i‡Q - K…Zwe`¨|
Aå (‡gN) †jnb / ¯úk© K‡i hv - Aåswjn c‡Ùi b¨vq Aw¶ ev †PvL - cyÐixKvÿ| i³ eY© cÙ - †KvKb`|
Awi‡K `gb K‡i †h - Awi›`g| ci‡K (‡KvwKj kveK) cvjb K‡i †h - cif…r ivwÎKvjxb hy× - †m․wßK|
AvKvk I c…w_ex ev ¯^M© I gZ¨© - µ›`mx (KvK)| ivwÎi wZbfvM GK‡Î - wÎhvgv|
AvKvk I c…w_exi AšÍivj - †iv`mx c‡ii (Kv‡Ki) Øviv cÖwZcvwjZ †h - cif…Z ivwÎi cÖ_g fvM - c~eivÎ|
AvKv‡k (L-‡Z) P‡i †h - †LPi, LPi| (‡KvwKj)| ivwÎi ga¨fvM - gnvwbkv|
B›`ª‡K Rq K‡ib whwb - B›`ªwRr| cyY¨Kg© m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ ïf w`b - cyY¨vn| ivwÎi †klfvM - ciivÎ|
B›`ªRvj (Rv`y) we`¨vq cvi`k©x -H›`ªRvwjK cyiæ‡li KY©f~lY - exi‡e․wj| jeY Kg ‡Ìqv n‡q‡Q Ggb - Avjywb|
Clr Dò - K‡evò c~e© I c‡ii Ae¯ v - †c․e©vch©q| mgy`ª †_‡K wngvjq ch©šÍ - Avmgy`ªwngvPj|
FY ‡kv‡ai Rb¨ †h FY Kiv nq - FYvY©| †c․l gv‡m Drcbœ dmj - †c․lvwj ¯^gZ A‡bï Dci Pvwc‡q †`q †h -
FZy‡Z FZy‡Z hÁ K‡ib whwb - FwZ¡K| eo fvB _vK‡Z ‡QvU fv‡qi we‡q - ‣¯îvPvix|
GK e¯‧‡Z Ab¨ e¯‧i Kíbv - Aa¨vm| cwi‡e`b| ¯^v` MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ggb - ¯^vw`Z|
HwZnvwmKKv‡jiI Av‡Mi - cÖv‣MwZnvwmK| eû M…n †_‡K wf¶v msMÖn Kiv - ¯^v‡_©i Rb¨ Ab¨vq A_© cÖ`vb (Nyl) - Dc`v|
Kv‡Pi ‣Zwi evwo - wkkgnj| gvayKix/gayKix| n¯Í, Ak¦, i_, c`vwZ‡Ki mgvnvi - PZyi½|
Kv‡R hvi AwfÁZv Av‡Q - KwiZKg©v| wenvq‡m (AvKvk) wePiY K‡i †h - nvwZi wc‡V Av‡ivnx emvi ¯ vb - nvI`v|
wK Ki‡Z n‡e Zv eyS‡Z bv cviv - wenM/wen½| nvwZi kveK (ev”Pv) Kif|
wKsKZ©e¨weg~p| fy‡Ri mvnv‡h¨ (Gu‡K †eu‡K) P‡j †h- nv‡Zi KbyB †_‡K Kwâ ch©šÍ Ask - cÖ‡Kvô|
N‡ii Afve - nv-Ni| fyRM/fyR½| nv‡Zi †Z‡jv ev Zvjy - KiZj|
PZyi½ AócÖni (mviv w`b) eënvh© hv- g…wËKvi Øviv wbwg©Z - g…b¥q| wnZ B”Qv K‡i †h - wn‣Zlx
AvU‡c․‡i| hv AwZµg Kiv hvq bv - AbwZµg¨| †ngšÍKv‡j Drcbœ dmj - ‣ngwšÍK|
e¨vKiwYK msL¨v web¨vm (cÖvq cixÿvq 1/2wU K‡i Av‡m)
01. fvlvi iƒc 2wU (‡g․wLK ev K_¨, ‣jwLK ev †jL¨)| 09. wµqvi 2wU Ask ( cÖK…wZ, cÖZ¨q)|
02. ‡g․wLK iƒ‡ci 2wU ixwZ (PwjZ, AvÂwjK ixwZ)| 10. cÖK…wZ 2 cÖKvi (bvg cÖK…wZ, wµqv cÖK…wZ)|
03. ‣jwLK iƒ‡ci 2wU ixwZ (mvay, PwjZ)| 11. cÖZ¨q 2 cÖKvi (Zw×Z, K…r)|
04. evsjv fvlvi kã m¤¢vi 5 fv‡M wef³ (Zrmg, Aa©-Zrmg, 12. DcmM© 3 cÖKvi (evsjv, ms¯‥…Z, we‡`wk)|
Z™¢e, †`wk, we‡`wk) 13. evsjv DcmM© 21wU|
05. fvlvi †g․wjK Ask 4wU (aŸwb, kã, evK¨, A_©)| 14. Zrmg/ms¯‥…Z DcmM© 20wU|
06. cÖ‡Z¨K fvlvi (evsjv fvlvi) Av‡jvPbvi welq 4wU (aŸwbZË¡, 15. dviwm DcmM© 10wU|
kãZË¡ ev iƒcZË¡, evK¨ZË¡ ev c`µg, A_©ZË¡)| 16. evsjv fvlvi †g․wjK aŸwb 2cÖKvi (¯îaŸwb, e¨ÄbaŸwb)|
07. mvwaZ kã 2cÖKvi (bvg kã, wµqv kã)| 17. aŸwb D”PviY 2 iKg (mse„Z, wee„Z)|
08. mvwaZ k‡ãi 2wU Ask (cÖK…wZ, cÖZ¨q)| 18. evsjv eY©gvjvq Kv‡ii msL¨v 10wU (‡bB - A e‡Y©i)|
19. ‡h․wMK ¯îaŸwb/ wØ¯î/ hyM¥¯î/ †h․wMK ¯î/ mwÜ¯î/ 53. A_©MZfv‡e kã 3 cÖKvi (‡h․wMK, iƒp ev iƒwp, †hvMiƒp)|
mvÜ¨ÿi †gvU 25wU| 54. DrmMZfv‡e kãmg~n 5 cÖKvi (Zrmg, Aa©-Zrmg, Z™¢e,
20. ‡h․wMK ¯îeY©/ †h․wMK ¯îÁvcK 2wU (H, J)| †`wk, we‡`wk)|
21. ¯ú„ó eY© 14wU [K e‡M©i 5wU (K,L,M,N,O), U e‡M©i 5wU 55. c` †gvU 5 cÖKvi (we‡kl¨, we‡klY, me©bvg, Ae¨q, wµqv)|
(U,V,W,X,Y) Ges c e‡M©i 1g 4wU (c,d,e,f)]| 56. c` g~jZ 2 cÖKvi (me¨q, Ae¨q)|
22. ¯úk© aŸwb 25wU (K-g ch©šÍ)| 57. me¨q c` 4 cÖKvi (we‡kl¨, we‡klY, me©bvg, wµqv)|
23. wkk/ D®§ eY© 4wU (k, l, m, n)| 58. Ae¨q kã 3 cÖKvi (evsjv, ms¯‥…Z, we‡`wk)|
24. AšÍt¯  eY© 4wU (i, e, h, j)| 59. Ae¨q c` 4 cÖKvi (mgy”Pqx, Abš^qx, AbyKvi ev aŸb¨vZ¥K,
25. djv eY© 6wU (g, b, i, e, h, j)| AbymM© ev c`vš^qx)|
26. ZvobRvZ eY© 2wU (o, p)| 60. fve cÖKv‡kl w`K †_‡K wµqv 2 cÖKvi (mgvwcKv wµqv,
27. K¤úbRvZ eY© 1wU (i)| AmgvwcKv wµqv)|
28. cvwk¦©K eY© 1wU (j)| 61. wµqv c` 6 cÖKvi (mKg©K, AKg©K, wØKg©K, cÖ‡hvRK,
29. bvwmK¨ eY© 5wU (O, T, Y, b, g)| †h․wMK, wgkÖ)|
30. AbybvwmK¨ eY© 1wU ( u)| 62. wµqvi fve 4 cÖKvi (wb‡`©kK, AbyÁv, mv‡cÿ, AvKv•ÿv)|
31. civkÖqx eY© 3wU (s, u, t)| 63. cyiæl 3 cÖKvi (DËg, ga¨g, bvg)|
32. mwÜ 2 cÖKvi (evsjv, Zrmg ev ms¯‥…Z)| 64. Kvj 3 cÖKvi (eZ©gvb, AZxZ, fwel¨r)|
33. evsjv mwÜ 2cÖKvi (¯î, e¨Äb)| 65. eZ©gvb Kvj 3 cÖKvi (mvaviY, NUgvb, cyivNwUZ)|
34. ms¯‥…Z mwÜ 3 cÖKvi (¯î, e¨Äb, wemM©)| 66. AZxZ Kvj 4 cÖKvi (mvaviY, wbZë„Ë, NUgvb, cyivNwUZ)|
35. wemM© mwÜ 2 fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq (i-RvZ, m-RvZ)| 67. fwel¨r Kvj 3 cÖKvi (mvaviY, NUgvb, cyivNwUZ)|
36. evsjv fvlvq cyiæl I ¯¿x evPK kã 2cÖKvi (cwZ I cwZœ, 68. KviK 6 cÖKvi (KZ…©, Kg©, KiY, m¤úª`vb, Acv`vb,
cyiæl I †g‡q)| AwaKiY)|
37. wØiæw³ kã 3 cÖKvi (k‡ãi, c‡ì, AbyKvi)| 69. KZ…© KviK 4 cÖKvi (gyL¨, cÖ‡hvRK, cÖ‡hvR¨, e¨vwZnvi)|
38. msL¨vevPK kã 4 cÖKvi (A¼ ev msL¨vevPK, cwigvY ev 70. Kg© KviK 2 cÖKvi (‡M․Y Kg©, gyL¨ Kg©)|
MYbvevPK, µgevPK ev c~iYevPK, ZvwiLevPK)| 71. AwaKiY 3 cÖKvi (KvjvwaKiY, AvavivwaKiY, fvevwaKiY)|
39. ePb 2 cÖKvi (GKePb, eûePb)| 72. AvavivwaKiY cÖKvi (HK‡`wkK, Awfe¨vcK, ‣elwqK)|
40. ePb nq 2wU c‡ì (we‡kl¨, me©bvg)| 73. wefw³ 7 cÖKvi (cÖ_gv - 0, k~b¨; wØZxqv - †K, †i, G‡i;
41. ePb nq bv 3wU c‡ì (we‡klY, Ae¨q, wµqv)| Z…Zxqv - Øviv, w`qv, w`‡q, KZ©„K; PZz_©x - †K, †i, G‡i;
42. mgvm cÖavbZ/mvaviYZ/‡gvU 6 cÖKvi (Ø›Ø, wØ¸, Kg©aviq, cÂgx - n‡Z, †_‡K, †P‡q; lôx - i, Gi; mßgx - q, †q,
Zrcyiæl, Ae¨qxfve, eûeªxwn)| †Z|
43. Kg©aviq mgvm 4 cÖKvi (ga¨c`‡jvcx, Dcgvb, DcwgZ, 74. ev‡Kï ¸Y 3 wU (AvKv•ÿv, AvmwË, †hvM¨Zv)|
iƒcK)| 75. ev‡Kï 2wU Ask (D‡Ïk¨, we‡aq)|
44. Zrcyiæl mgvm 9 cÖKvi (wØZxqv, Z…Zxqv, PZz_©x, cÂgx, lôx, 76. D‡Ïk¨ 2 cÖKvi (mij D‡Ïk¨, m¤úªmvwiZ D‡Ïk¨)|
Dcc`, bT, AjyK Zrcyiæl)| 77. MVb Abyhvqx evK¨ 3 cÖKvi (mij, RwUj ev wgkÖ, †h․wMK)|
45. eûeªxwn mgvm 8 cÖKvi (mgvbvwaKiY, e¨vwaKiY, e¨vwZnvi, 78. A_©vbymv‡i evK¨‡K 7‡kÖwY‡Z fvM Kiv hvq|
ga¨c`‡jvcx, cÖZ¨qvšÍ, AjyK, bT, msL¨vevPK)| 79. wee„wZg~jK 2 cÖKvi (nv evPK, bv evPK)|
46. avZz 3 cÖKvi (‡g․wjK, mvwaZ, †h․wMK)| 80. evP¨ 3 cÖKvi (KZ©„evP¨, Kg©evP¨, fveevP¨)|
47. ‡g․wjK avZz 3 cÖKvi (evsjv, ms¯‥…Z, we‡`wk)| 81. Dw³ 2 cÖKvi (cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³, c‡ivÿ Dw³)|
48. mvwaZ avZz 3 cÖKvi (bvg, cÖ‡hvRK, Kg©ev‡Pï)| 82. evsjv fvlvq 12 iK‡gi hwZ ev †Q`wPý Av‡Q (Kgv,
49. K…r cÖZ¨q 2 cÖKvi (evsjv, ms¯‥…Z)| †mwg‡Kvjb, ùvwo, wRÁvmv, we¯§q, †Kvjb, †Kvjb W¨vk,
50. Zw×Z cÖZ¨q 3 cÖKvi (evsjv, ms¯‥…Z ev Zrmg, we‡`wk)| W¨vk, nvB‡db, B‡jK ev †jvc wPý, D×iY, eª¨v‡KU ev eÜbx
51. avZzi MY †gvU 20wU| wPý)|
52. MVbMZfv‡e kã 2 cÖKvi (‡g․wjK, mvwaZ)|

KL Cöni - Evsjv P Ovší MV RKB

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KL Cöni - Evsjv P Ovší MV RKB

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‡kl cÖni - evsjv P~ovšÍ mv‡Rkb

HK‡`wkK Awfe¨vcK ‣elwqK

1.wb‡`©kK 2.AbyÁv 3.mv‡cÿ 4.AvKv•ÿv cÖKvkK

mgv_©K kã g‡b ivLvi †K․kj

"me©v½xY" k‡ãi mwVK cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨q- [40 BCS]

ÒSg Sg e„wói Zzgj kãÓ-GB evK¨wU‡Z ÔSg SgÕ Kx ai‡bi Ae¨q?

05. ‡Kvb aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi mgq ¯^iZš¿x †ewk AbyiwYZ nq?

02. ÔlôÕ ÑGi mwÜ-we‡”Q` †KvbwU?

 evsjv fvlvq †g․wjK ¯^ieY© 6wU| h_v- A, Av, B, D, G, I|

kãv_© ev cÖwZkã (AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©)

GK K_vq cÖKvk (g‡Wj †U‡÷i evB‡ii ¸‡jv †`Iqv n‡jv)

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