Module 2

THE HUMAN BODY

Procopio B. Dafun Jr.

Objectives:
_____________________________________________________________________________
1. To identify the different systems of the body particularly those that are directly
related to movement; and
2. Explain how the relations of each system to movement.
______________________________________________________________________________

Introduction

The human body is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that together
makes life possible.
There are 10 systems responsible for the body’s function which are:
1. Skeletal 6. Lymphatic
2. Muscular 7. Respiratory
3. Cardiovascular 8. Digestive
4. Nervous 9. Urinary
5. Endocrine 10. Reproductive

Infrastructure Systems facilitate the other systems:

1. Skeletal
2. Muscular
3. Cardiovascular
4. Nervous

Skeletal System
The adult skeletal system is the framework of over 200 bones. They hold the
body together, give it shape, and protects its organs and tissues. The skeleton also
provides anchor point for the muscular system.

Muscular system
There are three types of muscles: skeletal, smooth and cardiac
muscles which are found out throughout the body to facilitate movements.
1
 Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular system is a pipeline that includes the heart, blood vessels and
the blood itself also called the circulatory system. The cardiovascular system
delivers oxygen, white blood cells, hormones, and nutrients throughout the body.

Nervous System
It is a communication network of nerve cells that the body uses to transmit
information and coordinate bodily functions. It comprises of the brain to have a
sensory and intellectual activity; the spinal cord; and the cranial and spinal nerves
that emanate from them.

This infrastructure created by neuron, blood, muscles, and bones allow three other
systems to regulate the body body’s environment.

Regulation Systems:
Endocrine System
This system is a series of glands that use information carried by the nervous
system to help regulate body’s processes such as thyroid gland are aware of the
amount of hormones and other chemicals they need to produce. These chemicals
are then distributed throughout the body by way of the cardiovascular system.
Lymphatic System
The cardiovascular and nervous systems are also utilize by the lymphatic
system. The lymphatic system is a collection of lymph nodes and vessels that
regulate the body’s defenses, also called the immune system. The lymphatic system
uses nuero-pathways to transmit information about affected areas of the body and
then sends human agents like white blood cells.
Urinary system
The urinary system which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and
urethra. The urinary or renal system maintains the body’s electrolyte levels and
filters waist from the blood. These wastes sent through the blood vessels and
through the kidneys and expelled as urine.

All these systems require energy to function through the respiratory and the
digestive systems.

2
 Respiratory System
It is a group of passageways and organs that extracts live-giving oxygen from
the air we breathe. Air enters the body through the nasal cavities, travels down the
throat, and then transport to the lungs. The lungs extracts oxygen for the body to
use and then expel carbon dioxide.

Digestive System
It is approximately 30 feet or 9.1 meters of organs that convert food into fuel.
Food enters the system through the mouth, then move into the esophagus, the
stomach, and the intestines. Nutrients are absorb into the body while solid waste is
expelled through the anal canal, the end of the digestive track.

Humans are complicated organisms. But when our 10 major organ systems are
healthy they ensure our well-being.

References:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ae4MadKPJC0

 University of the Philippines PE 1 Teacher’s Manual

 Corbin, C.B., et al. 2000.Concepts of Physical Fitness, 5th ed. New York City: Mc Graw Hill
Companies, Inc.

 Fahey, T. D., et al. 2005. Fit and well, core concepts and labs in physical fitness and
wellness. New York City: Mc Graw Hill Companies, Inc.

 Fahey, T. D., et al. 2010. Fit and well, core concepts and labs in physical fitness and
wellness. New York City: Mc Graw Hill Companies, Inc.

 Fahey, T. D., et al. 2012. Fit and well, core concepts and labs in physical fitness and
wellness. New York City: Mc Graw Hill Companies, Inc.