The Gyratron, CARM and FEL Devices: an
Analytical Unified Formulation for the Small Signal
Analysis
G. Dattoli, E. Di Palma, A. Doria, E. Sabia, I. Spassovsky, S. Ceccuzzi, A. Tuccillo
ENEA-Frascati Research Center, 00044 Frascati(Rome), Italy
E-mail: giuseppe.dattoli@enea.it
Abstract—We review the classical single particle theory for the
Gyratron and CARM (Cyclotron Autoresonance Maser) devices.
We formulate the theory in order to map the relevant equations
on those of Free Electron Laser magnetic Undulator devices. The
article comments on the validity of such an approach and on
the possibility of exploiting the wealth of scaling rules, currently
adopted in the design of FEL devices, either in the single passage
and oscillator regime. The relevance of that procedure in the
design of the FRASCATI-CARM on going experiment will be
discussed
I. I NTRODUCTION
The theory of CARM is reformulated by exploiting the
point of view of ordinary Free Electron Laser. It is shown that
1) The small signal CARM dynamics can be modeled in
terms of an integral equation of Volterra type closely
similar to that exploited in the case of FEL
2) A one to one correspondence with the ordinary FEL
parameters can be obtained so that quantities like
small signal gain coefficient and saturation intensity
can be introduced
3) Full use of scaling relations currently adopted in
designing FELs can be exploited to fix the CARM
operating condition
4) The treatment can be extended to the non-linear
regime
II. N UMERICAL R ESULT
The analysis of the CARM-FEL small signal equation has
provided the intensity growth curve, which can be obtained
978-1-4799-5772-9/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE
in an analytical (quasi exact) form, reproducing the numerical
data with the inclusion of saturation.
The analysis shows that
1) The power growth curve is of the logistic type
2) The small signal regime is fully equivalent to the
ordinary FEL evolution
3) Saturation exhibit a different behavior associated with
the autoresonant nature of the interaction
The analysis of the numerical data allows the derivation of
new scaling relations implementing those already known for
the FEL dynamics.
III. C ONCLUSION
The Theory of CARM is formulated in a FEL-like fashion.
The obtained results provide a fast and reliable tool for the
design of CARM devices. The method we propose is indeed
capable of including either the electron beam qualities and
the cavity details and can also be exploited for optimization
purposes.
R EFERENCES
[1] Fiflet W. A. Int. J. Electronics, 1986, vol. 61(6), 1049-1080.
[2] Dattoli G., Ottaviani P.L. ENEA Thecnical Report RT/INN/93/10,
October 1993.
[3] Bratman V. L., Ginzburg, N. S., Nusinovich, G. S., Petelin, M. L. and
Strelkov, P.S. Int. J. Electronics 1981 V. 51(4), 541-567.
[4] Pendergast K.D., Danly B.G., Temkin R.J., and Wurtele J.S.IEEE Trans.
On Plasma Science vol. 16(2), April 1988.