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Know The Maximum Ton Miles You Can Actually Run Drill Line Before A Slip/cut?
Know The Maximum Ton Miles You Can Actually Run Drill Line Before A Slip/cut?
Know The Maximum Ton Miles You Can Actually Run Drill Line Before A Slip/cut?
The amount you can run before making a cut depends on your rig, the type of drilling line,
and the size of drilling line you're running.
On most rigs using 1-1/2" or 1-5/8" drill line the
standard is going to be between 2700 and 3000 Ton miles. This is when all
calculations are done by hand as when the driller or T/P are calculating the
trips (weights and distance lifted) and work done using a T/M spread sheet etc.
There are as stated many variables in this process. All rigs are not the same.
Draw-works drum circumference and also block//crown sheave circumference will
have a great effect on line wear. Condition of the drum grooving on the
draw-works and fleet angle of the drill line from the crown to the kick-off
rollers of the draw-works have an effect, the wear plate condition at the edge of
the drum (are they worn which causes line damage) and does your second and
third layer wrap back perfectly as the drill line starts the next layer? Are
you drilling in the south or up north in hard rock country?
Most of these questions all have purpose and on the other hand have none at all. If
you actually had a computerized T/M counter you might find that in reality you
were really cutting at 3700 or 4100 Ton miles. Blocks are moved all the time
without being recorded. Drilling with stands and picking up singles from the
mousehole, working off of a stabbing board, so many variables are not
considered.
What does work is this. Rig history and being consistent as possible between crews
when it comes to keeping important data and information such as T/Miles. If one
crew fails to keep proper records the next crew may pay the price and it can be
a high price to pay.
Two rigs running the exact same drill line from the same manufacturer may not
achieve the same T/mile record because of the variables mentioned above.
Periodic drill line inspections should be carried out looking for broken
strands, flattened strands, distorted (out of round) drill line or
under-calipered drill line. Most drill line failures will occur naturally
closer to the fast line side of the reeve. First or second layer of the
draw-works drum, this is the oldest line and has the most actual ton miles on
it. Lets just say your total string up is 1200 feet of cable. Each cut you
make is 100 feet. You have to achieve 12 slip and cuts to have the new line
from the first cut reach the draw-works. Always inspect the wire which is on
the first layer of the drum plus the kick off point starting the second layer.
Periodically check this drill line with a caliper (micrometer) to see if it is
still the proper diameter. If inner core is failing then the over-all diameter
will be less than normal.
Sometimes rigs do get into an accepted slip and cut program from trial and error which
really is wise and cost-effective and in this case people are not asking the
question (how many T/M can you run before slipping and cutting?) If you are
slipping and cutting constantly and consistently at 2800 T/M and never have to
make a long cut then for sure you are either running at or below the possible
achievable T/Miles. On the other hand if that line you are cutting is not
flattened or contain any broken strands then it is possible that you could
actually extend your T/Ms to 2900 or 3000. But be cautious because there is a
point which can be passed which will show up a few cuts 3 or 4 down the line
where you will see damage to the drill line and you might have to cut 200 to
400 ft of drill line to get rid of the bad line and then drop back on your
T/Miles once again to prevent a repeat. Each rig is different, time, study and
good history will only really answer your question properly.
Regardless of your rigs goal visual inspection overrides all other aspects. Is the line broken,
flattened? How many busted strands. This among other things determines your rigs goal. I
worked on a rig so small that there was no way to cut on ton miles. The line was worn
smooth out long before you accumulated enough miles to cut. We just kept our eyes on it
and cut about every couple of wells.
layers below
Extreme positions in the operations of run and pool out of hole
stand
stands)
Work Done During CSG
The ton-miles of work done in setting
casing would be one-half the ton-miles
done in making a round trip if the weight of
the casing were the same as the weight of
the drill pipe.
-
program.
The whole objective of a ton-mile programme is to obtain maximum rope service without
jeopardising the safety of the rig operation. This is achieved by shifting the rope through the
previously discussed critical wear areas and distributing the wear more uniformly along the length of
the rope. If too much wire rope is cut off too frequently, there will be an obvious waste of usable
drilling line, which will result in higher than necessary rig operating costs. However if the rope is
moved through the reeving system too slowly, sooner or later some section of the drilling line will
become worn and damaged to such an extent that there will be a danger of failure, injury to
personnel, damage to equipment and expensive downtime. At the very least it will be necessary to
make a "long cut" to eliminate some broken wires, such as has happened quite frequently over the
past couple of years on several rigs in Kuwait. For these reasons it is important that the drilling line
be cut off at the proper rate. The purpose of a ton-mile programme is to provide a method for
keeping track of the amount of work done by the drilling line, and a systematic procedure for making
cuts of the appropriate length at the appropriate time. In conjunction with the record keeping
required for the cut-off procedure, daily visual inspection of the drilling line should be made for
broken wires and any other rope damage.
It should be reiterated here that in all cases visual inspection of the wire rope
For this time, I will show how to calculate round trip ton-mile.
where
RTTM = Round Trip Ton-Miles
Wp = buoyed weight of drill pipe in lb/ft
D = hole measured depth in ft
Lp = Average length per stand of drill pipe in ft
Wb = weight of travelling block in lb
Wc = buoyed weight of BHA (drill collar + heavy weight drill pipe + BHA) in mud minus the buoyed
weight of the same length of drill pipe in lb
** If you have BHA (mud motor, MWD, etc) and HWDP, you must add those weight into calculation
as well not just only drill collar weight. **
2000 = number of pounds in one ton
5280 = number of feet in one mile
Note: One ton-mile equals 10,560,000 foot- pounds, and is equivalent to lifting 2,000 pounds a
distance of 5,280 feet
Solution:
a) Buoyancy factor:
BF = (65.5 – 10.0) ÷ 65.5
BF = 0.847
c) buoyed weight of BHA (drill collar + heavy weight drill pipe + BHA) in mud minus the
buoyed weight of the same length of drill pipe in lb (Wc):
Round trip ton-miles = [(11.27 x 5500 x (94+ 5500)) + (2 x 5500) x (2 x 95000 + 26,866)] ÷ (5280 x
2000)
RTTM = 258.75 ton-mile
The crews should remember whatever cut-off procedure they are using, visual inspection should
come first. If the line becomes too badly worn, it should be cut off or changed when noticed. In
preparation for cutting (slipping) the drilling line, employees should be aware of the potential
hazards, including but not limited to:
1. Fall from height: wear proper fall protection (full body harness) and utilize 100% tie off.
2. Hoisting personnel into the derrick may result in falls, caught in, caught between: use
full body harness type boatswain’s chair (or work basket), use personnel hoisting
procedures, be sure the winch operator has full view of the person being hoisted at all
times. The winch operator must stay at winch at all times when a person is being hoisted,
held in position, or lowered.
3. Struck by: be aware of potential dropped from the derrick, stay out from below
derrickman when he is tying off the blocks, take care when removing the drilling line
form the drum, be aware of use of tools while tightening the clamps on the line (drum and
dead line).
4. Slip/Fall while removing drilling line from drum/rig floor: be aware of footing, keep deck
clear of tripping hazards, use a rig floor winch to let the cut off line down from the rig
floor.
5. Miscommunication: hold a pre-job safety meeting to discuss each member’s
responsibilities, assign a signal man for tasks that require hoisting operations.
When getting ready to cut off the drilling line, the traveling block should be hung in the derrick
on block hanging line(s) that hang from the crown. The hanging line should be rated for the
weight of the blocks plus an adequate safety factor (check with wire rope manufacturer).
The TIW valve should be installed in the drill pipe prior to hanging off the blocks and the
elevators attached to the pipe in the hole.
The derrickman should get to the traveling block by means of the air hoist line with a
boatswain’s chair (or derrick work basket). The driller should be at the master clutch. Once the
derrickman has attached the hanging line(s) to the blocks, he should return to the drill floor.
When removing the blocks hanging line(s) after the drill line is cut and slipped, the derrickman
should utilize a boatswain’s chair and air hoist line to reach the hanging line(s). After he has
disengaged the hang-line from the block, he should swing the hang-line to a man in the derrick
corner to be secured. The man in the derrick who is to secure the hang-line should have fall
protection harness and be secured to the derrick at all times. The derrickman should then return
to the floor by the boatswain’s chair. The man that secured the hang-line should climb down the
derrick ladder using a safe climbing device. He should never slide down the dead line.
1. Remove the excess worn line from the drum and cutoff as planned. Always use a wire
line cutter. Never use a hatchet or sharp tool. Wear eye protection (chipping goggles)
in addition to this check.
2. Clamp the drum end of the line back into the drum and tighten the drum clamp as tightly
as possible.
3. Loosen the clamps on the wire line anchor and slip through as much line as is needed to
put the desired wraps on the drum. Care should be taken to ensure that the warps are tight
and together.
4. Tighten the wire line clamps on the anchor, pick up traveling block and remove the
hanging line(s) from block. The hanging line(s) should be tied back in the corner of the
derrick out of the way of the blocks and ready for use the next time the line is slipped or
cut off.
5. Recheck all clamps and position of line and start in hole with a safe drilling line.
6. Reinstall the crown protection device if it was removed. Adjust as necessary to stop the
blocks as required.
7. Reinstall the guard on the front of the drawworks.
8. Reinstall the weight indicator sensor on the dead line and remove the TIW valve.