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Affect of Viscosity and Droplet Diameter On Water-In-Oil (W/o) Emulsions: An Experimental Study
Affect of Viscosity and Droplet Diameter On Water-In-Oil (W/o) Emulsions: An Experimental Study
Affect of Viscosity and Droplet Diameter On Water-In-Oil (W/o) Emulsions: An Experimental Study
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and 5:5 by volume; the stirring intensity, 1500 rpm; the but not for crude oil B. For 20-80 % w/o emulsion, crude oil B
mixing time, 5 min and prepared at room temperature (27oC). displays the viscosity is not correlated with shear rate. The
The prepared emulsions were checked for o/w or w/o type of crude oil can be a good reason for behavior of crude
emulsions using tube test and filter paper. Only w/o types was oil. Crude oil B has lower viscosity and light crude oil
chosen for further study. The emulsion was measured the compared with crude oil A and C.
refractive index using refractometer to identified type of As the dispersed phase function (water) of dispersion is
prepared emulsion. increased, the dispersion rheology changes significantly due to
The rheological measurements for all the samples was the frequency of droplet interaction increases. Therefore, as
carried out with Brookfield Rotational Digital Rheometer the results coalescence faster in high cut, the number of the
Model LV/DV-III with UL adaptor and spindles 31 in droplets in an aggregates change with time. Since any change
measuring viscosity, shear rate and shear stress. in the dependence of the viscosity on rate of shear could not
The droplet diameter of each emulsion (20-80 % and 50- be observed, the decreased in viscosity would be brought
50% w/o) was observed through Carl Zeiss research about the broadening of the droplet size distribution.
microscope before connected with digital camera and
determined by AxioVission AC software. The effect of 700
crude oil A
refractive index (R.I) in emulsion was examined using crude oil B
refractometer from Mattler Toledo. 600 crude oil C
viscosity (cP)
International Science Index Vol:4, No:2, 2010 waset.org/Publication/731
140
(a) (b)
120
Fig. 1 Droplet size distribution at (a) 50-50 w/o emulsion and (b) 20-
viscosity (cP)
D (ρ )
temperature viscosity droplet viscosity droplet
=
g
2
W
− ρ O
(oC (cP) diameter (cP) diameter
v m
18μ (1)
(µm) (µm)
800
600
600
500
400
crude oil A
200 400 crude oil B
viscosity (cP)
crude oil C
0 300
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
temperature (oC)
200
150
100
50
0
500 1000 1500 2000
stirring speed (rpm)
60
50-50 % w/o emulsion
20-80 % w/o emulsion
50
40
30
20
10
500 1000 1500 2000
stirring speed (rpm)
IV. CONCLUSION
This paper shown the viscosity is affected on droplet size
distribution for Newtonian and non-Newtonian behavior; the