1.

4- The Mole Concept and Avogadro's constant

Objectives:
Use the mole when treating the quantitative aspects of matter
i. Comprehend Avogadro's number
ii. Explain the meaning of a mole as the unit of amount of a substance
iii. Convert various quantities to the mole
  In everyday life the Amount of substance is defined as:

Pair of socks Dozen of eggs

(2) (12)  Ream of paper (500)

 IN CHEMISTRY:
• MOLE represents a Quantity of 6.02x1023
• Why this magic number?
• It is the number of particles present in exactly 12 grams of the isotope
carbon-12
• Called the Avogadro Constant
 The mole
• If you weigh out 12g of carbon-12, you will get 6.02x1023 of
carbon atoms
A practical unit for defining a collection of atoms is the mole

1 mole of atoms = 6.022 x 1023 atoms

This is called Avogadro’s number

This has provided the basis for the concept of the mole

•Periodic Table

–The average atomic mass in amu (one atom)

–The weight of 1 mole of the element in grams
–Avogadro’s number provides the connecting relationship between molar masses and
atomic masses
 Molar Mass
• Molar mass - The mass in grams of 1 mole of atoms
• What is the molar mass of carbon?
12.01 g/mol C
This means counting out a mole of Carbon atoms (i.e.,
6.022 x 1023) they would have a mass of 12.01 g
• One mole of any element contains the same number of
atoms, 6.022 x 1023, Avogadro’s number
 Home work
1. Calculate the number of atoms in 1.7 moles of boron.
2. Find the mass in grams of 2.5 mol Na (sodium).
3. Calculate the number of atoms in 5.0 g aluminum.
4. Calculate the mass of 5,000,000 atoms of Au (gold)
+ BOOK page 55
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