Bioseparation: Recovery Process

Assignment 2 (20%)
1. Determination of the protein concentration in a sample is an essential technique in
biochemical field. Suggest method to determine protein concentration by referring to journal
paper. You may choose any type of protein. State the equipment used and summarizes the
method.

(10 marks)

2. Explain how precipitation process can be done by using ammonium sulphate.

(10 marks)

3. Discuss the reactors that are useful for precipitation process.

(10 marks)

4. Explain the mechanism of liquid and gas chromatography in detail. Suggest the mobile and
stationary phase that can be used. You may include figures to support your answer.

(10 marks)

5. Proteins can be purified based on characteristics such as size and shape, total charge, hydrophobic
groups present on the surface, and binding capacity with the stationary phase in chromatography.
Explain and give detail example on how protein can be purified using chromatography method. You
may find the information from journal paper.

(15 marks)

6. The transfer of chromatographic processes from lab scale to pilot and production scale is an
important and challenging task in the pharmaceutical industry, and has been dealt with in several
more or less obvious ways. Describe in detail how the scale up process can be carried out.
Suggest the parameters that would affect the scale up of chromatography process.

(15 marks)