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‫جامعة االمام حممد بن سعود االسالمية‬
‫التعليم عن بعد‬
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‫كلية االدارة واالقتصاد‬

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www.e-imamm.com
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vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq ‫اىَراصالد اىتجبريخ‬
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‫ثبىيغخ اىعرثيخ و اىيغخ اإلّجييزيخ‬
)233 ‫( دار‬
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ENGLISH BUSSINESS AND OFFICIAL

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LETTERS
PRACTISE AND THEORIES

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opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg ‫ئػـــــــىجو‬
hjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbn ُ‫ـــــــــ‬٣‫ كح‬ٞ‫جذ‬

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‫جُطٍؾٔس‬ٝ ‫د‬٣ٌ‫ٕ ٓغ ٌٓطرس ٗرٍجِ ُِطى‬ٝ‫ذحُطؼح‬

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7898284 /‫ش‬

qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty
 THE CONTENT
‫ٍْص‬ٜ‫جُل‬

3.............................................................................................. .‫جُٔوىٓس‬
3 ................................................................. unit one ٠ُٝ٧‫ٍز ج‬ٞ‫*جُٔكح‬
8......................................................... kinds of letters َ‫جع جٍُْحت‬ٞٗ‫ أ‬-
33................................................................ unit two ‫س‬٤ٗ‫ٍز جُػح‬ٞ‫*جُٔكح‬
38.................................................. parts of the letter ‫ أؾُجء جٍُْحُس‬-
93........................................................................ ...... ‫ٍز جُػحُػس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
33................................................................... ......... ‫ٍز جٍُجذؼس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
37..................... secondary parts of the letter ‫س ٍُِْحُس‬٣ٞٗ‫ؾُجء جُػح‬٧‫ ج‬-
73........................................................................... ‫ٍز جُهحٓٓس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
79........................................................... unit three ‫ٍز جُٓحوْس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
74................................................................................ the five Cs -
85............................................................................ ‫ٍز جُٓحذؼس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
84........................................................................... ... ‫ٍز جُػحٓ٘س‬ٞ‫*جُٔكح‬
88.........................formal quality: paper quality size ‫س‬٤ٍُْٔ‫وز ج‬ٞ‫ جُؿ‬-
97................................................................... ......... ‫ٍز جُطحْؼس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
98................... ‫ جٌُطحذس‬٠‫ أٗٔح‬ٝ three rules paragraph ‫ظ كوٍجش‬٬‫ هحػىز جُػ‬-
43.............................addressing the envelop ‫ جُٔـِق‬ٝ‫ٗس جُهطحخ أ‬ٞ٘‫ ػ‬-
49........................................................................... ‫ٍز جُؼحٍٖز‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
82..................................................... punctuation (capital letters) -
88..................................................................... ٍٗ‫س ػ‬٣‫ٍز جُكحو‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
29............................................................................. never divide -
28..................................................................... ٍٗ‫س ػ‬٤ٗ‫ٍز جُػح‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
353 ............................................................. data and information -
358..................................................................... ٍٗ‫ٍز جُػحُػس ػ‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
358................................................................................. unit four -
335................................................ FOB, C&F, CIF, EX WORK -
333 .................................................................. ٍٗ‫ٍز جٍُجذؼس ػ‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
332................................................................ ٍٗ‫ٍز جُهحٓٓس ػ‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
395......................................................... Commercial documents -
397.................................................................. ٍٗ‫ٍز جُٓحوْس ػ‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
335................................................................... ٍٗ‫ٍز جُٓحذؼس ػ‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
2
333............................................. Abbreviations used in business -
338..................................................unit five (Letters of enquiry( -
334.................................................................... ٍٗ‫ٍز جُػحٓ٘س ػ‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
338............................................Sales related enquiry ‫ّ جٍُٗجء‬٬‫ جْطؼ‬-
379.......................................................... Asking for information -
377................................................................... ٍٗ‫ٍز جُطحْؼس ػ‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
378................................................................................... unit six -
385....................................................................... ٍٕٝٗ‫ٍز جُؼ‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
383.............................. Replies to enquiry, quotations and offers -
383...........................................................ٍٕٝٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫س‬٣‫ٍز جُكحو‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
397.............................................................ٍٕٝٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫س‬٤ٗ‫ٍز جُػح‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
398.............................................................ٍٕٝٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ٍز جُػحُػس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
392............................................ Voluntary letters or sales letters -
347...........................................................ٍٕٝٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ٍز جٍُجذؼس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
347..................................................... unit seven writing orders -
385...........................................................ٍٕٝٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ٍز جُهحٓٓس‬ٞ‫*جُٔكح‬
383.............................................. unit eight (applying for jobs) -
389..........................................................ٍٕٝٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ٍز جُٓحوْس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
329...........................................................ٍٕٝٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ٍز جُٓحذؼس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
322............................................................ٍٕٝٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ٍز جُػحٓ٘س‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
322....................................................... The kind of applications -
959............................................................ٍٕٝٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ٍز جُطحْؼس‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
959............................................................... types of application -
939.........................................................................ٕٞ‫غ‬٬‫ٍز جُػ‬ٞ‫* جُٔكح‬
937................................................................... how to write C.V -
993......................................................................... GLOSSARY *

3
 ‫المقدمة‬

‫ش‬٬ْ‫ ٍٓج‬,‫ جُٔحوز‬ًٙٛ ٠‫ ذٌْ ك‬٠‫ ِٗطو‬.‫ ذًٍحضس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬,‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫أػُجت‬
business letters theory and practice in ‫س‬٤‫ جُؼٍذ‬ٝ ‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ضؿح‬
:‫ ٓغ‬٠‫ جُٔحوز ِْ٘طو‬ًٙٛ ٠‫ ك‬ٝ English and Arabic
.‫س‬٣ٌ‫ش جُطؿح‬٬ْ‫ؼس جٍُٔج‬٤‫ر‬٠ -
.‫س‬٣ٌ‫ش جُطؿح‬٬ْ‫ق ضٌطد جٍُٔج‬٤ً -
.‫س‬٣ٌ‫ش جُطؿح‬٬ْ‫جع جٍُٔج‬ٞٗ‫ أ‬٠ٛ ‫ ٓح‬-
‫س‬٤‫ ذحُِـس جُؼٍذ‬ٝ ‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ش جُطؿح‬٬ْ‫ جٍُٔج‬٠‫ ضٓطهىّ ك‬٠‫ جُط‬٠‫ٗٔح‬٧‫ ج‬-
.‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫ف ٗرىأ ذحُِـس ج‬ْٞ ‫ جذطىجء‬ٝ

‫اىَحبضرح األوىى‬
Unit one ‫اىىحذح األوىى‬

‫ ذــ‬٠ُٝ٧‫قىز ج‬ُٞ‫ضطؼِن ج‬
* WRITING ENGLISH (CORRESPONDENCE).
* THE NEED OF WRITING ENGLISH.BUSINESS
CORRESPONDENCE.

Although, telephone, telegraphic communications and

recently the internet are widely used, the ability to write
appropriate business letters is highly valued in the business world,
because most other means of communication need to be confirmed
and detailed in writing.
ٝ ‫نس‬٤‫نُز جُرٍه‬ٜ‫ؾ‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ ٕٞ‫لن‬٤ِ‫ٍ جُط‬٬‫ش ٓنٖ نن‬٫‫ح‬ٛ‫ض‬٫‫ جٗطٗحٌ ج‬ٝ ‫و‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٝ ٖٓ ْ‫ جٍُؿ‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٟ‫أ‬
ٚ‫ جٗن‬٫‫نْ ئ‬ُٜ ‫جْغ‬ُٞ‫ْطهىجّ ج‬٫‫ ج‬ٝ ْٜ‫ ٓح ٌجكو‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ض‬ٞ‫ جُٗرٌس جُؼٌ٘ر‬ٝ ‫ن جُ٘ص‬٣ٍ٠ ٖ‫ٓإنٍج ػ‬
‫نس‬٤‫ؾ‬ٌُٞٞ٘‫ْنحتَ جُط‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ٝ‫نَ أ‬٤ٓ٧‫ ئٕ جسْنطهىّ ج‬ٝ ٠‫ػٔحٍ قطن‬٧‫ذس ذِـس ج‬ٞ‫ جٍُْحتَ جٌُٔط‬٠‫ضرو‬
‫ ضػٖٔ ذىٌؾس‬,١ٌ‫ جُٔؿحٍ جُطؿح‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ٓؿحٍ ج‬٠‫ذس ك‬ٞ‫ جٍُْحتَ جٌُٔط‬٠‫ كطرو‬.ٍٟ‫ن‬٧‫ج‬
ٌَ‫ٓنحش ذٗن‬ِٞ‫ع ئػطنحء جُٔؼ‬٤‫ْحتَ ٖٓ ق‬ُٞ‫َ ج‬ٟ‫ أك‬٠ٛ ‫ح‬ٜٗ٧ ‫س‬٤ُ‫ٔس ذىٌؾس ػح‬ٜٓ ٝ ‫س‬٤ُ‫ػح‬
.َ٤ِ‫ح ذؼى ه‬ٛ‫جتى‬ٞ‫ ك‬٠ُ‫ف ٗططٍم ئ‬ْٞ ٝ َ٤ُ‫ ضؼطرٍ ًى‬ٝ ,َٓ‫ًح‬
For business purposes of every kind and every level of
performance writing, the written letter remains the most important
means of communication.

4
‫ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذح‪٧‬ؿٍج‪ ٝ ٜ‬ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ذـ‪ ٝ‬جُ٘ظٍ ػٖ ‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ ‪ ٝ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪ٟ‬‬
‫ٓٓط‪ٓٓ ٖٓ ٟٞ‬ط‪٣ٞ‬حش ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬وجء ‪ ًٙٛ‬كطرو‪ ٠‬جٍُْحتَ جٌُطحذ‪٤‬س ‪ ٖٓ ٠ٛ‬أ‪ ٝ ْٛ‬أك‪َٟ‬‬
‫‪ْ ٝ‬حتَ ج‪٩‬ض‪٬ٛ‬ش ك‪ ٠‬جُؼ‪ ٍٛ‬جُكحُ‪ْ٨ُ ٠‬رحخ جُطحُ‪٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪For the following reasons:‬‬
‫‪1 – Letters are inexpensive (cheap) and useful means of‬‬
‫‪communications when asking or conveying information (exchange‬‬
‫)‪ .information‬جيج جٍُْحتَ جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬ذس ضرو‪ ٠‬ج‪ٌ٧‬ن‪ ٝ ٙ‬جُـ‪ٌِٓ ٍ٤‬لس ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٠‬‬
‫‪ ٖٓ ٠ٛ‬أك‪ َٟ‬جُ‪ْٞ‬حتَ ج‪٫‬ض‪ٛ‬حُ‪٤‬س جُٔل‪٤‬ىز ك‪ ٠‬قحُس ‪ِ٠‬د ٓؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش أ‪ ٝ‬ضك‪ِٜ٣ٞ‬ح أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٛ٣‬حُ‪ٜ‬ح‬
‫أ‪ ٝ‬قط‪ ٠‬ضرحوٍ جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش‪.‬‬
‫‪2 – They provide a permanent record and an evidence of business‬‬
‫‪ agreements‬ك‪ ٠ٜ‬ضُ‪ٝ‬وٗح ذٓؿَ وجتْ ‪ ٠ٛ ٝ‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ػرحٌز ػٖ وُ‪ َ٤‬جغرحش ج‪٩‬ضلحه‪٤‬حش‬
‫جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ُ‪ ٞ‬قىظ ٓٓطور‪ ٬‬أ‪ ٟ‬ن‪ٓٞٛ‬س ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُٔٓط‪ٌٞ‬و ‪ ٝ‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ‪ ٝ‬ضرو‪٠‬‬
‫جٍُْحتَ جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬ذس ‪ ٠ٛ‬ذٔػحذس ‪ ٝ document‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ك‪ ٠ٜ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ‬
‫‪ٓ٣ evidence‬طىٍ ذ‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ ٠‬جُٔكحًْ ك‪ ٢ٜ‬ضػد قن‪.‬‬
‫‪3 – Well written letters are considered the best method of‬‬
‫‪informing customers about new products etc.‬‬
‫ئيج ضرو‪ ٠‬جٍُْحُس جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬ذس ك‪ٓ ٠‬ؿحٍ ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ ًأك‪ِ٤ْٝ َٟ‬س ُ‪٨‬نرحٌ جُٔٓط‪ ٖ٤ٌِٜ‬أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ج‪ٍ٠٧‬جف ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ ٟ‬جُط‪ ٠‬ضطؼحَٓ ٓؼ‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ any transaction ٠‬أ‪ٚ ٟ‬لوس ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س كطرو‪٠‬‬
‫‪ ٠ٛ‬أك‪ِ٤ْٝ َٟ‬س ‪٩‬نرحٌ جُٔٓط‪ ٖ٤ٌِٜ‬ػٖ جُٔ٘طؿحش ‪ٝ‬ػٖ جُهىٓحش جُط‪ ٠‬ضوىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ػٖ أ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ضـ‪ any modification ٍ٤٤‬ك‪ ٠‬أ‪٘ٓ product ٟ‬طؽ ػٖ أ‪new mark you'd ٟ‬‬
‫‪ entered‬أ‪ ٟ‬ػٖ أ‪ ٟ‬ؾُء ْ‪ٞ‬ه‪ ٠‬ضٍ‪٣‬ى إٔ ضىنَ ك‪ ٝ ٚ٤‬قط‪ ٖٓ ٠‬ن‪ْٝ ٍ٬‬حتَ جُطٍ‪٣ٝ‬ؽ‪.‬‬
‫كٌػ‪ٍ٤‬ج ٓح ‪ ٌٖٔ٣‬إٔ ٗٓطهىّ جٍُْحتَ جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ٖٓ أؾَ ج‪ٛ٣‬حٍ ٓؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُك‪ ٍٞٛ‬ػِ‪٠‬‬
‫ٓؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س أ‪ how to produce interactive or dealing with any party ٝ‬أ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ً‪٤‬ق ٗط‪ٞ‬ج‪ َٚ‬أ‪ ٝ‬ضط‪ٓ َٛ‬غ أ‪ ٟ‬أٗحِ ٓ‪ ٖ٤ٜٔ‬ذحُ٘ٓرس ُ٘ح ْ‪ٞ‬جء ًحٗ‪ٞ‬ج َذحتٖ ‪business‬‬
‫أ‪ ْٛ ٝ end users ٝ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ‪.customers‬‬
‫‪4 – Written communication is vital to the network users who‬‬
‫‪interact from homes and places of work nearly in all aspects of‬‬
‫‪life.‬‬
‫ٗكٖ ٗؼِْ ؾٔ‪٤‬ؼح ٓى‪ ٟ‬جٍُٓػس جٍُ‪٤ٛ‬رس جُط‪ ٠‬جٗطٍٗ ذ‪ٜ‬ح جُ٘ص قط‪ٌ٣ ٫ ٠‬حو ‪٣‬هِ‪ ٞ‬ذ‪٤‬ص ‪٫ ٝ‬‬
‫ٓإْٓس ‪ ٫ ٝ‬أ‪ ٟ‬ؾ‪ٜ‬س أ‪٘ٓ ٝ‬ظٔس أ‪ًٍٖ ٝ‬س ٖٓ جُ٘ص أ‪ ٝ‬جُٗرٌس جُؼٌ٘ر‪ٞ‬ض‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ك٘كٖ‬
‫ٗٓطط‪٤‬غ ٖٓ ن‪ًٛ ٍ٬‬ز جُٗرٌس جُؼٌ٘ر‪ٞ‬ض‪٤‬س إٔ ٗٓطـِ‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ ٠‬ئٌْحٍ ٌْحتَ ٌٓط‪ٞ‬ذس ك‪ٓ ٠‬ؿحٍ‬
‫ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ ذكٍ‪٣‬س ضحٓس ٖٓ ذ‪ٞ٤‬ض٘ح ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬أٓحًٖ جُؼَٔ ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ًٛ ٠‬ج ‪٣‬ؼط‪ْ ٠‬ررح آنٍ ‪ٝ‬ؾ‪.ٚ٤‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
 .)‫ذس‬ٞ‫ػٔحٍ جٌُٔط‬٧‫س جٍُْحُس (ٌْحُس ج‬٤ٔٛ‫٘ح أ‬ٍٞ‫ ذؼى إٔ جْطؼ‬ٝ
Written business letters, let we see what is the kind of letters. In
general what is the kind of letters?

KINDS OF LETTERS:

1 – Personal letters
Letters we write to our friends, and relatives using informal style
as in conversation over the telephone or chatting through the
internet.
١ٔٗ ٖ٤ٓ‫ ٓؼحٌك٘ح ٓٓطهى‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬,‫ أهحٌذ٘ح‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬,‫ىهحت٘ح‬ٚ‫ أ‬٠ُ‫ح ئ‬ٜ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌْحتَ ٌٗطر‬٠ٛ
ٍ٬‫ ٓؼحٌك٘ح ٖٓ ن‬ٝ‫ت٘ح أ‬٬َٓ ,‫ىهحت٘ح‬ٚ‫حٍ ٓغ أ‬ٛ‫ ًٔح ٗؼَٔ جض‬ٟ‫ أ‬٢ٌْٔ ٍ٤‫ ؿ‬style
٠ٜ‫س ك‬٤ٛ‫ جٍُْحتَ جُٗه‬٠‫ء ك‬٢ُٗ‫ ػرٍ جُ٘ص ك٘لّ ج‬chatting ٍ٬‫ ٖٓ ن‬ٝ‫ٕ أ‬ٞ‫ل‬٤ِ‫جُط‬
.‫س‬٤ٌْٔ ٍ٤‫ذٔػحذس ٌْحُس ؿ‬

‫ؼطٔنى‬٣ ‫نًج‬ٜ‫ جْنْ آننٍ ك‬ٟ‫ أ‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٚ‫ ٗلٓن‬ٙ‫ جْنْ جُٗنه‬ٝ‫ح إٔ ضٓنطهىّ جْنْ جُؼحتِنس أ‬٠ٍٖ ّ٤ِ‫ك‬
ٚ٤ُ‫ وٌؾس هٍذي ٖٓ جٍَُْٔ ئ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
To use the surname or the first name, it depends on how close is
the correspondent.
For example: we can say Dear Salem or my Dear Salem.
ٍٞ‫ ٌُٖ ػ٘ىٓح ضو‬ٝ ُْ‫ْ ْح‬٤ٔ‫ جُك‬٠‫و‬٣‫ى‬ٚ ٝ‫ ْحُْ أ‬٠‫و‬٣‫ى‬ٚ ٍٞ‫كطو‬
My Dear Salem it will indicate to the strong relationship between
the sender and the receiver.

2- The official letters

The second kind of letters is the official letters. The official letters
and the business letters are our core subject.
Official letters are: letters which are written by ministers and
governments departments generally using formal phrases and
typed on an official headed paper.
‫ ٓنٖ هرنَ جُٔنىٌجء‬ٝ ‫ٌَجء‬ٞ‫ ٌْحتَ ضٌطند ٓنٖ هرنَ جُن‬ٝ ,‫س‬٤ٌْٔ َ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌْحت‬٠ٛ ‫ئيج‬
.‫س جُٔهطِلس‬٤ٌٓٞ‫جتٍ جُك‬ٝ‫ جُى‬٠‫ك‬

6
generally ‫٘ح‬ٛ ‫ ٌُٖ هِ٘ح‬using informal style ‫ هِ٘ح‬personal letters ٠‫قع ك‬٫
and typed on an ,‫ٖ جٍُْحُس‬٣ٌٞ‫ ض‬٠‫س ك‬٤ٌْٔ ‫ كوٍجش‬ٝ ‫ذٌَٗ ػحّ جْطهىٓص ػرحٌجش‬
٠‫س ك‬٤ْ‫ ٌأ‬ُٚ ٟ‫ْس أ‬ٍٝٓ ‫ٌهس‬ٝ ٠ِ‫ؿد إٔ ضطرغ ػ‬٣ ٝ official headed paper
‫س‬ٜ‫ ؾ‬ٟ‫د أ‬٠‫ٓحّ ػ٘ىٓح ٗهح‬٩‫ ٌْحُس ٖٓ ؾحٓؼس ج‬ٚ٤ِ‫ ضٌطد ػ‬ًُٟ‫ٌم ج‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٬‫ ٓػ‬.ٙ٬‫أػ‬
َ‫ ٓػ‬ٍٟ‫ػحش أن‬ٞٞٞٓ ‫ٓحّ َجتى‬٩‫ٌهس ٖؼحٌ ؾحٓؼس ج‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٠ِ‫ذح أػ‬ٞ‫ٕ ٌٓط‬ٌٞ٣ ٍٟ‫أن‬
ٝ ‫س‬٤ْ‫ جٍُأ‬٠ِ‫وز ػ‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٞٓ ٌٕٞ‫ح ض‬ًِٜ ًٙٛ ٌِّ٤‫ أٌهحّ جُط‬,ًّ‫ أٌهحّ جُلح‬,ٕٞ‫ل‬٤ِ‫أٌهحّ جُط‬
٠‫ ك‬٠‫ هى ضأض‬ًٜٙ‫َ ك‬٤ِ‫ ذؼى ه‬ٍْٟ٘ ‫ ًُج ًٔح‬.‫ٓس جٍُْحُس‬٣ٍٝ‫س ض‬٤‫ح ذحُِـس جُؼٍذ‬ٜ٤ٔٓٗ ٢‫جُط‬
at the ‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ أْلَ ج‬ٝ ٠ِ‫ أػ‬٠‫ ك‬٠‫ ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ضأض‬ٝ‫لكس أ‬ُٛ‫ أْلَ ج‬ٝ ‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫أػ‬
ٌ‫ ٖؼح‬ٝ ‫ ذٌطحذس ٖؼحٌ جُٔإْٓس‬٢‫ جُٔإْٓحش ضٌطل‬ٝ ‫ ٌُٖ ٓؼظْ جًٍُٗحش‬same time
‫جًٍُٗس‬
The brand name, and the name of the company or the name of the
firm or the name of the university.
3- Business letters
Nearly all letters written in business situations to accomplish
various processes in trade transactions; ranging from enquiries
quotations, sale letters, orders, complaints …….etc.
٠‫ ضٌطد ك‬٠‫ػٔحٍ جُط‬٧‫غ ٌْحتَ ج‬٤ٔ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ؾ‬٠ٛ ‫رح‬٣ٍ‫ ضو‬:‫س‬٣ٌ‫ػٔحٍ جُطؿح‬٧‫ٌْحتَ ج‬
ٍ‫ جٗؿحَ أػٔح‬ٍٜ‫ ذـ‬business َ‫ جٗؿح‬ٍٜ‫ ذـ‬ٝ‫ جُطؿحٌز أ‬ٍٜ‫ ُـ‬٠٘‫هق أػٔحٍ ذٔؼ‬ٞٓ
ٍ٣ٍ‫ ضو‬,‫جٍٓ ٍٖجء‬ٝ‫ أ‬,ّ٬‫ٕ ٌْحتَ جْطؼ‬ٌٞ‫ ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ض‬ٝ ,‫س‬٣ٌ‫لوحش ضؿح‬ٚ ّ‫ ئضٔح‬ٍٜ‫ ذـ‬ٝ
‫ ٓؿحٍ جُـ‬٠‫ ك‬ٌٟٖٞ ٝ ًٍٓ‫ٕ ٌْحتَ ض‬ٌٞ‫ ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ض‬ٝ ,‫حش‬٤‫ِر‬٠ orders ٝ‫ أ‬,‫ؼحش‬٤‫ٓر‬
.business
4 – Semi-personal letters
Semi-personal letters: are business letters using less formal
language when intimate relationship exists as a result of long term
dealing (take into your account that it is still formal but it's less
formal language).
When you deal for along time with a particular supplier or
producer during the time the relationship between you and the
other party becomes stronger and you became close to him so
while writing the letters try to use some features as a personal
letter.
َ‫ ػرننحٌز ػننٖ ٌْننحتَ أػٔننحٍ ضٓننطهىّ ُـننس أهنن‬٠‫نن‬ٛ So the semi-personal letter
ٖ٤‫نس ٓنح ذن‬٣ٞ‫هنس ه‬٬‫ ػ‬٠‫نح ػ٘نىٓح ض٘ٗن‬ٜ٤ُ‫ ػنحوز ضِؿنأ ئ‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ .‫س‬٤ٔ‫ ٌْن‬٠‫نح ضرون‬ٌُٜ٘ ٝ ‫س‬٤ٔ‫ٌْن‬
ٝ ‫ننس‬٣ٞ‫هننس ه‬٬‫ جُٔننىز ض٘ٗننأ ػ‬ًٙ‫نن‬ٛ ٍ٬‫ ننن‬whatever ٝ‫نن٘غ أ‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫و أ‬ُٝ‫ جُٔنن‬ٝ ‫ٌو‬ٞ‫جُٔٓننط‬
7
‫هننس‬٬‫س ُطؼرننٍ ػننٖ جُؼ‬٤‫نن‬ٛ‫ جٍُْننحتَ جُٗه‬ٙ‫ننحت‬ٛ‫ ن‬ٝ‫ٓننٍ إٔ ضأنننً ذؼنن‬٧‫ططِنند ج‬٣ ٠ُ‫ذحُطننح‬
.‫س‬٤ٔ٤ٔ‫ٕ أًػٍ ق‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬٠‫ جُط‬ٝ ٖ٤‫ٖ جُطٍك‬٤‫وز ذ‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ُٞٔ‫ج‬
‫ح‬ٜ٤ٔ‫غ إٔ ٗٓن‬٤‫نح ٗٓنطط‬ٜ٘ٓ ‫جقنىز‬ٝ ٕ‫قظ٘نح كنح‬٫ ‫ ًٔح‬ٝ ‫ٌذؼس‬٧‫جع جٍُْحتَ ج‬ٞٗ‫ أ‬٠ٛ ًٙٛ ‫جيج‬
٠ٛ ٝ ٍٟ‫ن‬٧‫غس ج‬٬‫ أٓح جُػ‬personal letters
Official letters, business letters, and semi-personal letters, we can
put them on one group as official or business letters or whatever
name you want to give them.
This table shows you the difference between personal letters and
both business and official letters

8
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PERSONAL LETTERS AND
BOTH BUSINESS AND OFFICIAL LETTERS

BUSINESS AND PERSONAL LETTERS

OFFICIAL LETTERS
1 – Exchange between 1 – Sent to friends and
firms and persons engaged relatives.
in trade while official are
sent by ministries
government, departments
…….etc.
2 – The subject is 2 - Private matters, social
commercial (business occasions.
transaction).
3 – Display is very 3 - Not necessary.
necessary.
4 – The signature is very 4 - Not necessary.
important.
5 – Sender's address, date, 5- Not necessary.
and the reference should
always be inserted.
6 – Business and official 6 – Can be written on fine
letters are typed on decorated papers.
standard measurements
(size) of paper.
7 – Copies of these must be 7 – Unnecessary to take
filed. carbon copies.
8 - Mostly typed. 8 - Frequently hand-
written.

Note: business and official letters are put in one group and one
side and personal letter on the other side. And semi-personal
letters is included in business and official letters

9
 ٍٟ‫ن‬٧‫س ج‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠‫ك‬ٝ ‫س‬ٜ‫ ؾ‬٠‫ ك‬business and official letters ‫غ‬ٞٝ ‫قع‬٫
. personal letter
We have eight differences between them. Let we try to
concentrate on these differences.
ٝ ‫س‬ٜ‫ػٔحٍ ٖٓ ؾ‬٧‫س (ٌْحتَ ج‬٤ٍُْٔ‫ٖ جٍُْحتَ ج‬٤‫م ذ‬ٍٝ‫س ك‬٤ٗ‫ف ٌُْ جُػٔح‬ٞٞٗ ٕ٥‫ح ذ٘ح ج‬٤ٛ
)ٍٟ‫س أن‬ٜ‫س ٖٓ ؾ‬٤ٛ‫جٍُْحتَ جُٗه‬

:‫اىفرق األوه‬

ٖ٤‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ضرحوٍ ٓح ذ‬ٞٛ Exchange between firms and persons

٠‫ٖ ك‬٤٠ٍ‫ْ جُٔ٘ه‬ٛ ‫ٖهح٘؟‬٧‫ء ج‬٫‫إ‬ٛ ْٛ ٖٓ .persons ٘‫ٖهح‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ ‫جُٔإْٓحش‬
ٖ٤‫طْ ذ‬٣ ٍ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ضرحو‬٠ٛ ‫ جُطؿحٌز جيج‬٠‫ٖ ك‬٤ِٓ‫ جُؼح‬involved in trade ‫جُطؿحٌز‬
ٖ٤٠ٍ‫ جُٔإْٓحش ٓ٘ه‬ٝ ٘‫ٖهح‬٧‫ء ج‬٫‫إ‬ٛ ٌٕٞ٣ ‫ع‬٤‫ٖهح٘ ذك‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ‫ ذؼ‬ٝ ‫جُٔإْٓحش‬
‫٘ٔح‬٤‫ ذ‬While official are sent by ministers, governments.‫ جُطؿحٌز‬٠‫ك‬
‫س‬٤ٌٓٞ‫جتٍ جُك‬ٝ‫ جُى‬ٝ ٖ٤٤ٌٓٞ‫ٖ جُك‬٤ُٞ‫ جُٔٓث‬ٝ ‫ٌَجء‬ُٞ‫س ٖٓ هرَ ج‬٤ٌٓٞ‫ضٍَْ جٍُْحتَ جُك‬
.ٍٙ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫ج‬
:‫قع‬٫
While in person letters, letters to friends and relatives as we met
business ٠‫٘ٔح ك‬٤‫هحٌخ ذ‬٧‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٝ ‫ىهحء‬ٚ٧‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ جيج جٍُْحتَ ضٍَْ ئ‬them before
and official letters the exchange is between firms and persons who
are involved in trade.
:‫اىفرق اىخبّى‬

The second difference between them, that in the business and

official letters the subject is commercial, the subject is commercial
business transaction
٠‫٘ٔح ك‬٤‫ ذ‬.ٌٟ‫ع ضؿح‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ جيج ج‬,‫س‬٣ٌ‫لوحش ضؿح‬ٚ ,ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫لوحش ٌؾحٍ ج‬ٚ َ‫ٓػ‬
‫س‬ٚ‫حع نح‬ٞٝ‫س أ‬ٚ‫ ٓٗحًَ نح‬private matters ‫س‬ٚ‫ح نح‬٣‫ح‬ٟ‫ ه‬personal letters
‫ جُلٍم‬ٞٛ ‫ًج‬ٛ... ‫ آنٍز‬٠ُ‫ ج‬,‫ كٍـ‬,‫٘ثس‬ٜ‫ ض‬,‫س‬٤‫ ٓ٘حْرحش جؾطٔحػ‬social occasions
.٠ٗ‫جُػح‬

01
 :‫اىفرق اىخبىج‬

‫حـ‬ٟ٣٩‫ ج‬In the business and official letters display is very necessary
ٍ‫ جٌْح‬٠ِ‫ؿرٍٗح ػ‬٣ َ٤ٚ‫ جُطلح‬ٝ‫حٗح جنلحء ذؼ‬٤‫ أق‬ٚٗ٫ ‫ْ ؾىج‬ٜٓ َ٤ٚ‫ٌضلحع ذحُطلح‬٫‫ ج‬ٝ
.‫ْ ًٔح ضٌطد‬ٜ‫ٔ٘ح ؾىج إٔ جٍُْحُس ضل‬ٜ٣ ‫ جيج‬.‫ ضٌِلس‬ٝ ‫هص‬ٝ ً‫أن‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ‫رؼح‬٠ ٝ ٍٟ‫ٌْحُس أن‬
So we try to make the noise in the less level and if so display is
very necessary in business and official letters while in personal
letters it's not necessary to go to the details.
:‫اىفرق اىراثع‬

The forth difference between them: that the signature is very

important in t business and official letters while in personal it's not
necessary.
Why is the signature very important?
Because we want to know who has written the letters and who will
take the responsibility for any action. So if we want to do any
reaction, we need to know who is responsible for and who has the
authority to write that letter and to deal with him.
ٙ‫ جُٗه‬ٞٛ ٖٓ ‫س ُ٘ؼٍف‬٣ٌ‫ جٍُْحتَ جُطؿح‬ٝ ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ٌْحتَ ج‬٠‫ْ ؾىج ك‬ٜٓ ‫غ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫جيج جُط‬
ٝ‫ ٍٓجؾؼس أ‬ٟ‫ كؼ٘ى أ‬.‫س‬٤ُٝ‫طكَٔ جُٔٓإ‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٙ‫ًج جُٗه‬ٛ ٕ٧ ٝ ,‫ ًطد جٍُْحُس‬ًُٟ‫ج‬
٠‫ ٌُٖ ك‬.ٙ‫غ جُٗه‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ ض‬ٝ ْْ‫و ج‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٝ ٖٓ ‫٘ح‬ٛ ‫ ذى‬٬‫ِي ك‬ٜ‫ جُٔٓط‬ٝ ‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ٖ ج‬٤‫س ض٘ٗأ ذ‬٤ُ‫ئٌٖح‬
َ‫هغ إٔ جُٔٓطور‬ٞ‫ ٖٓ جُٔط‬ٚٗ٧ not necessary ‫ح‬٣ٌٍٝٞ ّ٤ُ ‫ًج‬ٜ‫س ك‬٤ٛ‫جٍُْحتَ جُٗه‬
٫ ‫ ػحوز‬٠ٜ‫ٍج أٓحّ جُٔكحًْ ك‬٤‫ح ًػ‬ٜ‫ؼطى ذ‬٣ ٫ ‫ ػحوز‬ٝ ‫ٍف‬٠ ٟ‫ جٍُْحُس ٖٓ أ‬ًٙٛ ‫ؼٍف‬٣
.‫س‬٣ٌ‫ جٍُْحتَ جُطؿح‬ٝ ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ء ذؼٌّ ٌْحتَ ج‬٢ٖ ‫ضػرص‬

:‫اىفرق اىخبٍش‬

ٖ٣ٝ‫ إٔ ػ٘ح‬ٟ‫ أ‬sender's addresses, date and reference ٍَُْٔ‫ٖ ج‬٣ٝ‫ػ٘ح‬

should ‫ ٌهْ جٍُْحُس‬ٝ‫ جٌُطحخ أ‬ٞٛ ًُٟ‫ جٍُٔؾغ ج‬ٝ ‫م جٗٗحء جٍُْحُس‬٣ٌ‫ ضح‬ٝ ٚ٤ُ‫جٍَُْٔ ج‬
.ٖ٤‫ك‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٝ ٖ٤‫ج ٓىٌؾ‬ٌٞٗٞ٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ always be inserted
So we cannot write business letters without writing the address of
the sender, also we should insert the date and the reference.
َ‫ ٌْحت‬٠‫وز ك‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٞٓ ٌٕٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ٝ ‫كس‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٌٕٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫غس‬٬‫ٌ جُػ‬ٞٓ٧‫ ج‬ًٜٙ‫ك‬
.ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ج‬
00
‫جيج ٓح ‪ ْٛ‬ج‪ ٌٞٓ٧‬جُػ‪٬‬غس جُط‪ ٠‬جُػ‪٬‬غس ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ٝ ٕٞ‬ج‪ٞ‬كس ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ٞٓ ٕٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز‬
‫ك‪ٌْ ٠‬حتَ ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ ؟‬
‫أوال‪.Sender‟s address :‬‬
‫حبّيب‪ the date :‬ضحٌ‪٣‬م جٗٗحء جٍُْحُس‪.‬‬
‫حبىخب‪reference :‬جٍُٔؾغ ‪ٌ ٞٛ ٝ‬هْ جٌُطحخ أ‪ٌ ٝ‬هْ جٍُْحُس‪.‬‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ ٕ٧‬جٍُْحُس ضٔػَ ًطحخ ٌْٔ‪ٚ ٠‬حوٌ ٖٓ ٓإْٓس أ‪٘ٓ ٝ‬ظٔس أ‪ ٝ‬وجتٍز ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ئُ‪٠‬‬
‫وجتٍز أنٍ‪ ٟ‬أ‪ ٝ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬أٖهح٘ آنٍ‪ ٖٓ ٖ٣‬أؾَ ٓ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع ضؿحٌ‪ًُ .ٟ‬ج ‪ ٫‬ذى إٔ ضٌ‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫جٍُٓ‪ٝ َٞ‬ج‪ٞ‬كس‪ًٛ ٝ .‬ج ‪٠‬رؼح ك‪.in business and official letters ٠‬‬
‫جيج ٗؼ‪٤‬ى جُلٍم جُهحّٓ‪.‬‬
‫‪Sender's address, date and reference should be inserted. While in‬‬
‫‪personal letters it's not necessary to write the date or the reference‬‬
‫‪because there is no reference.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪٣‬ىنَ ‪ٞ Sender's address, date and reference‬نٖٔ جٍُْنحُس ٌُنٖ ‪ٛ‬نًج‬
‫ُن‪ٞ ّ٤‬نٍ‪ ٌٟٝ‬كن‪ٜٗ٧ personal letters ٠‬نح ُ‪ٓ٤‬نص ٓ‪ٜٔ‬نس ًٔنح كن‪ٌْ ٠‬نحتَ ج‪٧‬ػٔنحٍ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جٍُْحتَ جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س‪.‬‬

‫اىفرق اىضبدس‪:‬‬

‫‪Business and official letters are typed. It should be typed on a‬‬

‫‪standard measurement (size) of paper.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌطد ػِ‪ٌٝ ٠‬م ‪ٛ ٝ‬نًج جُن‪ٌٞ‬م ٓؼ‪٤‬نحٌ‪ٓ ٝ ٟ‬طؼنحٌف ػِ‪٤‬ن‪ .ٚ‬ي‪ ٝ‬ه‪٤‬حْنحش ٓؼ‪٤‬حٌ‪٣‬نس‬
‫ٓطؼحٌف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح‪ُٜ ٝ .‬ح أقؿحّ ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ‪ًًُ ٝ‬ي ُ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ quality‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ‪ًًُ ٝ‬ي وٌؾس غوَ‬
‫ٓؼ‪ .ٖ٤‬جيج ‪٣‬ؿد جٕ ضطرغ ‪ ٝ‬جُطرحػس ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ذ٘ظحّ جُـ ‪ٗ standard‬ظحّ ٓطؼحٌف ػِ‪.ٚ٤‬‬
‫ذ‪ٔ٘٤‬ح ك‪ ٠‬جُـ ‪personal letter it can be written in a fine decorated papers‬‬
‫ك‪ ٖ ٌٔ٤‬إٔ ضٌطند ػِن‪ٌٝ ٠‬م ُٓننٍف ي‪ ٝ‬و‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ ٌٞ‬ؾ‪٤‬نى أ‪ ٟ٧ ٝ‬و‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ ٌٞ‬أ‪ ٝ‬أ‪ٞٗ ٟ‬ػ‪٤‬نس ؾ‪٤‬نىز‬
‫ٓننٖ جُنن‪ٌٞ‬م‪ٝ .‬ذحُطننحُ‪ٞ٣ ٫ ٠‬ؾننى ‪ standard‬ك‪ٔ٤‬ننح ‪٣‬طؼِننن ذنن‪ٌٞ‬م جٍُْننحتَ جُٔٓننطهىٓس كنن‪٠‬‬
‫ٓؿحٍ ‪ personal letter‬أ‪ ٝ‬ك‪ٓ ٠‬ؿحٍ جٍُْحتَ جُٗه‪٤ٛ‬س‪.‬‬
‫ٌُنٖ كن‪ٓ ٠‬ؿنحٍ ‪ business and official letters‬ك‪٤‬ؿند إٔ ‪٣‬كٔنَ جُن‪ٌٞ‬م ٓ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬نلحش‬
‫ٓؼ‪٤‬حٌ‪٣‬س ٖٓ ق‪٤‬ع جُكؿْ ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬ق‪٤‬ع ٌَٖ جُ‪ٌٞ‬هنس ‪ٓ ٝ‬نٖ ق‪٤‬نع جُؿن‪ٞ‬وز ‪ quality‬ك‪٤‬ؿند‬
‫إٔ ضأنً ‪ ًٙٛ‬ج‪ ٌٞٓ٧‬ك‪ ٠‬ج‪٫‬ػطرحٌ‪.‬‬

‫اىفرق اىضبثع‪:‬‬
‫ك‪٤‬ؿند جٕ ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪٘ٛ ٕٞ‬نحى ‪ copies of those must be filed‬أًػنٍ ٓنٖ ٗٓنهس‪ .‬كؼ٘نىٓح‬
‫ضٍَْ ٌْحُس ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س جُ‪ ٠‬جُٔنُ‪ٝ‬و أ‪ ٝ‬ئُن‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬ن٘غ ك‪٤‬ؿند إٔ ضٍْنَ أًػنٍ ٓنٖ ٗٓنهس ئُن‪٠‬‬
‫‪02‬‬
ٕٞ‫كوننى ضٌنن‬.٬‫ع ٓٓننطور‬ٞ‫نن‬ُٞٞٔ‫ننًج ج‬ٛ ٠‫ف ٗططننٍم ئُنن‬ٞ‫ ْنن‬ٝ .‫ننح‬ٜٜٔ٣ ٠‫ننس جُطنن‬٤٘‫ننحش جُٔؼ‬ٜ‫جُؿ‬
.‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ح ئ‬ٍِْٜ‫ى جٕ ض‬٣ٍ‫ ض‬٠‫ جُط‬Original letter ‫س‬٤ِٚ٧‫جٍُْحُس ج‬
If you want to send an original letter to the supplier, it necessary to
show the number of copies but in general, we can take copied and
put those copies and send them to different groups. Okay, while
the copies in personal letter aren‟t necessary to take carbon copies.
.copy ً‫ح إٔ ضأن‬٠ٍٖ ّ٤ِ‫وي ك‬٣‫ى‬ٚ ٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٝ‫ِي أ‬٤َٓ ٠ُ‫س ئ‬٤ٛ‫ ػ٘ىٓح ضٍَْ ٌْحُس ٖه‬ٟ‫أ‬

:ٍِ‫اىفرق اىخب‬

‫ؿند‬٤‫ ك‬business and official letter ٍ‫ػٔنح‬٧‫ ٓؿنحٍ ج‬٠‫ ك‬ٚٗ‫ٍ أ‬٤‫ن‬٥‫ ج‬ٝ ٖٓ‫جُلٍم جُػح‬
frequently hand- ٠‫ن‬ٜ‫ ك‬personal letter‫ جُنـ‬٠‫ٔ٘نح كن‬٤‫ ذ‬mostly typed ‫إٔ ضطرنغ‬
َ‫ٔ٘ح جٍُْحت‬٤‫ ذ‬.‫س‬٤ٔ٤ٔ‫ع ٖٓ جُك‬ٞٗ ٠‫ ضؼط‬٠ٌُ ‫ ُٔح؟‬.‫ى‬٤ُ‫ ج‬١‫ٕ ذه‬ٌٞ‫ ؿحُرح ض‬ٝ ‫ وجتٔح‬written
.‫ػس‬ٞ‫ٕ ٓطر‬ٌٞ‫ح إٔ ض‬٠ٍٖ ّ٤ِ‫ ك‬business official letter ‫ جُـ‬ٝ ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ٓؿحٍ ج‬٠‫ك‬

‫قنىز‬ُٞ‫٘نح ج‬٤ٜٗ‫ٌنًج أ‬ٛ .٠‫ُن‬ٝ٧‫قنىز ج‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ٝ ٠‫ُن‬ٝ٧‫ نطحّ جُكِوس ج‬٠ُ‫َ ئ‬ٛٗ ‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫ٕ أػُجت‬٥‫ج‬
ٝ .‫نس‬٤ٗ‫ جُكِونس جُػح‬٠‫ أٓنَ جُِونحء ذٌنْ كن‬٠‫ ػِن‬.‫نس‬٣ٌ‫ش جُطؿح‬٬ْ‫ػحش جٍُٔج‬ٞٞٞٓ ٖٓ ٠ُٝ٧‫ج‬
‫ أؾنُجء‬parts of the letter ‫نس‬٤ٗ‫قنىز جُػح‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫نح ئٕ ٖنحء هللا ضؼنح‬ٜ٤‫ٍ ك‬ٝ‫ف ٗط٘نح‬ٞ‫ ْن‬٠‫جُطن‬
.‫ ذًٍحضس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬ٝ .‫جٍُْحُس‬

03
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبّيخ‬
Unit two ‫اىىحذح اىخبّيخ‬

‫س‬٤‫ جُكِوس جُػحغ‬٠‫ ذٌْ ك‬٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‫ أ‬.‫ ذًٍحضس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬,‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫أػُجت‬
‫س‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬٠ُٝ٧‫ جُكِوس ج‬٠‫٘ح ك‬ٍٞ‫ هى ضؼ‬ٝ .‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬ْ‫ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓج‬
.ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ٌْحتَ ج‬ٝ‫س أ‬٣ٌ‫جٍُْحتَ جُطؿح‬
We talked about the importance of business letter. And we
mentioned four reasons why the written business letter is very
important, and then we talked about the type of the letters. In
general we have four types: personal letters, official letters,
business letters and semi personal letters.
.‫ٌذؼس‬٧‫س ج‬٣ٌ‫ؼس جٍُْحتَ جُطؿح‬٤‫ر‬٠ ‫ ْرن إٔ ػٍك٘ح‬ٝ
We tried to give a definition for each kind of letters, after that we
explain the difference between official and business letters as one
group and personal letters on the other group.

.‫ٍ أؾُجء جٍُْحُس‬ٝ‫ ضط٘ح‬٠ٛ ٝ ‫س‬٤ٗ‫قىز جُػح‬ُٞ‫ف ٗطكىظ ػٖ ج‬ْٞ ّٞ٤ُ‫ ج‬ٝ
And we mean here by the word letter the business letter or the
commercial letter even it is official letter or business letters and
semi-personal letter. All of the three kind or three types are
business letters.
business ‫ح‬ٜ‫ ذ‬٠٘‫ جٍُْحُس كحٗ٘ح ٗؼ‬ٝ‫ أ‬letter ٖ‫حػىج ػ٘ىٓح ٗطٌِْ ػ‬ٛ‫ٕ ك‬٥‫ ٖٓ ج‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ
ٝ‫س أ‬٣ٌ‫ ٌْحُس ضؿح‬٠٘‫ ضؼ‬٠ٜ‫ ك‬letter ‫حػىج ػ٘ىٓح ضٓٔغ ًِٔس‬ٛ‫ٕ ك‬٥‫ ًُج ٖٓ ج‬.letter
.ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ٌْحُس ج‬
‫و ثبىتبىى ٍب هى أجزاء اىرصبىخ؟‬
:ٖ٤ٔٓ‫ ه‬٠ُ‫س أؾُجء جٍُْحُس ض٘وْٓ ج‬٤‫جذطىجء ذحُِـس جُؼٍذ‬
.‫س ٍُِْحُس‬٤ٓ٤‫ؾُجء جٍُت‬٧‫ ج‬ٟ‫ أ‬the main parts of the letter ‫ح‬ٜ٤ٔٓٗ ٝ (A) ٌ‫قض‬
.‫س ٍُِْحُس‬٣ٞٗ‫ؾُجء جُػح‬٧‫ح ج‬ٜ٤ٔٓٗ ٝ (B) ٌ‫قض‬
‫ؾُجء‬٧‫ ج‬٠ٛ ‫س ٍُِْحُس غْ ذؼى يُي ٓح‬٤ٓ٤‫ؾُجء جٍُت‬٧‫ْ ج‬ٛ‫ أ‬ٍٜ‫ٍ إٔ ٗٓطؼ‬ٝ‫ف ٗكح‬ْٞ ٝ
ٝ ,‫ٌطد؟‬٣ ‫س‬٣ٍ٠ ٟ‫ ذأ‬ٝ ‫ٌطد؟‬٣ ٖ٣‫أ‬ٝ ‫ٌطد؟‬٣ ‫ق‬٤ً ‫ ًَ ؾُء‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ .‫س ٍُِْحُس‬٣ٞٗ‫جُػح‬
ٝ ٌٞٓ٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٠ِ‫ إٔ ضًٍُ ػ‬ٞ‫ جُطحُد أٌؾ‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ ػ‬.‫ آنٍ؟‬ٝ ‫ٖ ًَ ؾُء‬٤‫ًْ جُلٍجؽ ٓح ذ‬
ًَ ٕ‫ ْطؿى أ‬ٝ .‫س ٍُِْحُس‬٤‫ؾُجء جُلٍػ‬٧‫ ج‬٠ٛ ‫ ٓح‬ٝ ‫س ٍُِْحُس‬٤ٓ٤‫ؾُجء جٍُت‬٧‫ ج‬٠ٛ ‫ٓح‬
ّ‫ أ‬٠ٓ٤‫جء ًحٕ ٌت‬ْٞ ‫ جُ٘ظٍ ػٖ جُؿُء‬ٝ‫ذـ‬ٝ .ٍٟ‫س أن‬٤‫ٕ ٖٓ جؾُجء كٍػ‬ٌٞ‫ط‬٣ ‫ؾُء‬
04
 ‫س‬٤ٔٛ‫ح أ‬ٜ٤‫ إٔ ضؼط‬ٞ‫ أٌؾ‬ٚ‫َ جُٔطؼِوس ذ‬٤ٚ‫ ًَ جُطلح‬ٝ ,‫ٌطد‬٣ ٖ٣‫ أ‬,‫ٌطد‬٣ ‫ق‬٤ً, ٠‫كٍػ‬
.ِْ‫ىف ٖٓ جُٔحوز إٔ ٗطؼ‬ُٜ‫ ج‬,‫ىف ٖٓ جُٔحوز‬ُٜ‫ ج‬ٞٛ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٕ٧ ٟٞٛ‫ه‬
How can we write an English letter or business English letter?
Let we start:
PARTS OF THE LETTER

(A) The main part of the letter is

(1)- Printed heading (letter-head) which is usually printed at the
top.
The heading contains:
1- The name of the firm.
2- The telephone number, fax, telefax.
3- The telegraphic address.
4- e-mail address
5- The telex number
6- The line of business
7- The trade mark.
8- The registration number (usually appears in small print)
9- The banker
10- The type of the ownership (Co- Est. - Inc-Ltd.)
11- Branches
The first main part of the letter is what we call the printed heading
or (letter heading).
‫س‬٤ٔ‫ ٌْنحتَ ٌْن‬٠‫ ضٌطند ػِن‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ .‫س جٍُْنحُس‬٤‫ ٌأْن‬ٝ‫نس أ‬٣ٍٝ‫ح ججُط‬ٜ٤ٔ‫نس ٗٓن‬٤‫ ذحُِـس جُؼٍذ‬ٝ
َ‫ أْنل‬ٝ ٠‫ أػِن‬٠‫حٗنح ضٌطند كن‬٤‫ أق‬ٝ .‫نلكس‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠‫ أػِن‬٠‫ ػنحوز ضٌطند كن‬ٝ .‫حش‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬ٝ ٍ‫جت‬ٝ‫ُِى‬
‫نٖٔ ػنىو‬ٟ‫ ضط‬٠‫ن‬ٜ‫ جُ٘ظٍ ػٖ جٌُٔحٕ ك‬ٝ‫ ذـ‬ٝ ‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ أْلَ ج‬٠‫حٗح ضٌطد ك‬٤‫ أق‬ٝ .‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ج‬
‫ ػٗنٍ ذ٘نىج‬ٟ‫قنى‬٩‫ ج‬ٍٟ‫ح إٔ ضن‬٠ٍٖ ّ٤ُٝ . ‫ ذ٘ى‬33 ٠ُ‫ف ٗططٍم ج‬ْٞ ٖ‫ ٗك‬ٝ .‫و‬ٞ٘‫ٖٓ جُر‬
‫نحوٌز‬ٚ ٍ‫ ٌْنحُس أػٔنح‬ٟ‫هنَ أ‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ ٌُنٖ ػِن‬ٝ .‫س‬٣ٌ‫ ًَ ٌْحُس ضؿح‬٠‫ ك‬eleventh items
.‫ ػٍٗ ذ٘ىج‬ٟ‫قى‬٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٖٓ ‫ أًػٍ ٖٓ ؾُء‬ٝ‫ٖٔ ؾُء أ‬ٟ‫ذى إٔ ضط‬٫ ‫ ٓإْٓس‬ٟ‫ػٖ أ‬
1- The name of the firm
So the heading should contain the name of the firm.
.‫ جْْ جًٍُٗس‬٠ِ‫ٓس ػ‬٣ٍٝ‫ جُط‬ٟٞ‫ؿد إٔ ضكط‬٣ :٫ٝ‫أ‬
2- The telephone number, the fax number, or the telefax
number
05
3- The telegraphic address
٠‫ جُرٍه‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٟ‫ى‬٣ٍ‫جٕ جُر‬ٞ٘‫جُؼ‬
4- The e-mail address
٠ٍٗٝ‫ٌُط‬٧‫ى ج‬٣ٍ‫جٕ جُر‬ٞ٘‫ػ‬
6- The telex number
ٌّ٤ِ٤‫ٌهْ جُط‬
7- The line of business
ٍ‫ ٓؿنننح‬ٝ‫ننن٘حػس أ‬ُٛ‫ ٓؿنننحٍ ج‬ٝ‫ش أ‬٫ٝ‫ ٓؿنننحٍ جُٔونننح‬٠‫ كننن‬ٞ‫ننن‬ٛ َ‫ننن‬ٛ ٍ‫ػٔنننح‬٧‫ ٓؿنننحٍ ج‬ٞ‫ننن‬ٛ ‫ٓنننح‬
.ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ٓؿحٍ ج‬٠ُ‫ٍ ج‬٤ٗ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ .‫حش‬٣ٝ‫ٔح‬٤ًٍٝ‫جُرط‬
7- The trade mark
‫س‬٤‫ ٌأْن‬٠‫ كن‬ٝ‫ٓنس أ‬٣ٍٝ‫ جُط‬٠‫٘نس كن‬٤‫نس ٓر‬٣ٌ‫ٓنس جُطؿح‬٬‫ٕ جُؼ‬ٞ‫ؿند إٔ ضٌن‬٣ ٝ .‫س‬٣ٌ‫ٓس جُطؿح‬٬‫جُؼ‬
‫ جُـ‬ٝ‫ جُٗؼحٌ أ‬ٚ٤ِ‫و ػ‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٞٓ ًِٚ ُْ‫ جُؼح‬٠‫ ك‬٠ٍُْٔ‫ٌم ج‬ُٞ‫ إٔ ٓؼظْ ج‬ٞ‫قظ‬٬‫ ض‬ُٞ ٝ .‫جٍُْحُس‬
‫نح‬ٜ٘ٓ ٌ‫نحو‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠ٔ‫ٌم جٍُْن‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫و ػ‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٞٓ ّ‫ٓح‬٧‫ ضؿى ٖؼحٌ ؾحٓؼس ج‬٬‫ كٔػ‬trade mark
.‫ح‬ٍٛ٤‫ ؿ‬ٝ ِ‫ى‬٤ٍْٓ ٝ ‫ ًًُي جًٍُٗحش ٓػَ ًٍٖس ْحذي‬ٝ
8- The registration number
Usually appear in small .‫ جُٔإْٓنس‬ًٙ‫ن‬ُٜ ‫س‬٤‫ق‬٬‫ن‬ٚ ٠‫ؼطن‬٣ ًٟ‫َ جُن‬٤‫ٌهنْ جُطٓنؿ‬
.ٌٙٝ‫ ضؿح‬٠‫ جُط‬٠ٞ‫ـٍ ٖٓ جُهط‬ٚ‫ أ‬١‫ع ذه‬ٞ‫ٕ ٓطر‬ٌٞ٣ ‫ ػحوز‬ٝ print
9- The bankers
10- The type of the ownership (CO- Est. - Inc- Ltd)
‫وز‬ٝ‫ٔس جُٔكى‬ٛ‫ جُٔٓح‬ٝ ‫ٔس‬ٛ‫٘حى ًٍٖحش جُٔٓح‬ٜ‫ ك‬.‫جع ٓهطِلس‬ٞٗ‫ كحًٍُٗحش أ‬.‫س جًٍُٗس‬٤ٌِٓ
the type of the ownership of ‫س جًٍُٗس‬٤ٌِٔ‫ ًُج ك‬.ٍٙ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫حٖٓ ج‬ٟ‫ ًٍٖحش جُطط‬ٝ
company or estimated or ‫ جًٍُٗس‬٠ٔ‫جع ض٘ط‬ٞٗ٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٠ُ‫ ج‬ٟ‫ أ‬the company
.‫كس‬ٞٞٓ ٌٕٞ‫ؿد جؿٖ ض‬٣ ٌٞٓ٧‫ ج‬ًٜٙ‫ ك‬lited or whatsoever
11- The branches:
.‫قظس‬٬ُٔ‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٠ِ‫ٍ إٔ ضًٍُ ػ‬ٝ‫ قح‬.‫ع جًٍُٗس‬ٍٝ‫ ك‬ٟ‫ أ‬:‫ع‬ٍٝ‫جُل‬
Try to concentrate on this note. In some cases they (the branches)
are put at the very bottom of the page as we mentioned before, but
‫ كٌٔح هِ٘ح‬sometimes the heading contains the name of the firm only.
.١‫ جُٔإْٓس كو‬ٝ‫ جًٍُٗحش جْْ جًٍُٗس أ‬ٝ‫ ذؼ‬٠‫ش ضٌطل‬٫‫ ٓؼظْ جُكح‬٠‫ٖٓ هرَ كحٕ ك‬
Now from the main part of the letter, we only discussed the first
main part which is the heading or the letter-head and we said that
it contains eleven points.

06
The second main part of the letter is the date. Any business or
official letter or even a semi-personal letter should contain at least
the three main parts which are
1- Sender's address
2- The date
3- The reference
So the date is the second main part on the letter.
.‫ف ٗؼٍف ًَ يُي‬ْٞ ‫ٌطد؟‬٣ ٖ٣‫ٌطد؟ أ‬٣ ‫ق‬٤ً ‫؟‬ٚ‫ط‬٤ٔٛ‫م ٓح أ‬٣ٌ‫جُطح‬
(2)- The Date
The Date is typed at the top right-hand corner, except when the
fully blocked style is used.
1- Don't use figures for the month.
2- Put a comma before the year.
Any of the following forms are correct

18th June, 1999.

June 18, 1999.
June 18th

The first one is recommended.

‫نح‬٤ِ‫نس جُؼ‬٣ٝ‫ جُُج‬٠‫ ػِن‬at the top right-hand corner ٠‫ػِن‬date ‫طرغ جُنـ‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣
‫ ٓنح‬except ‫نلكس‬ُٛ‫ ٓنٖ ج‬ٟٞ‫ٔنٖ جُؼِن‬٣٧‫ جُؿحٗند ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬top ‫قع‬٫ .‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ ٖٓ ج‬٠٘ٔ٤ُ‫ج‬
ٟ‫و‬ٞ‫خ جُؼٔن‬ِٞ‫ْن‬٧‫ ػ٘نىٓح ضٓنطهىّ ج‬when the fully blocked style is used ‫ػىج‬
‫٘حى‬ٛ ٝ .ٍٟٓ٤ُ‫س ج‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬٠‫أض‬٣ َ‫ٖٔ ذ‬٣٧‫ جُؿحٗد ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬٠‫أض‬٣ ٫ ‫٘ح‬ٜ‫ ك‬Blocked style
‫نح‬ٜ٤‫ ك‬٠‫نأض‬٣ َ‫ن‬٤ِ‫نح ذؼنى ه‬ٜ٤ُ‫ف ٗططنٍم ج‬ٞ‫ ْن‬another five styles ٍٟ‫ش أنن‬٬٤‫نّٔ ْط‬
‫٘ننحى‬ٛ ٝ . blocked style ‫ قحُننس جْننطهىجّ جُننـ‬٠‫ ٓحػننىج كنن‬top right hand ٠‫ػِنن‬
.‫م ذٌَٗ ٓوٍؤ‬٣ٌ‫طؼِن ذٌطحذس جُطح‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ْ ه‬ٜ‫طْ ذ‬ٜ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ٕ‫قظطح‬٬ٓ
1- Don't use figure for the month.
ٍٞ‫ كن٘كٖ ػ٘نىٓح ٗون‬.ْ‫ٍ ذنٍه‬ٜ‫ ضؼرنٍ ػنٖ جُٗن‬٫ ٟ‫ أ‬.ّ‫ٌهنح‬٧‫ ج‬figure ‫و ذٌِٔنس‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ‫ جُٔو‬ٝ
ٕ‫نس هنى ضؿنى أ‬٣ٌ‫ ٌْنحُس ضؿح‬٠‫ح ك‬ِٜٔ‫ ٌُٖ ػ٘ىٓح ٗٓطؼ‬ٝ ‫ٓس‬ٜٞ‫٘ح ٓل‬٤ُ‫ ذحُ٘ٓرس ئ‬3733/9/39
‫ؿند‬٣ ‫ جيج‬12 January ّ‫ؿند إٔ ضٓنطهى‬٣ ‫ؼٔنَ جٌذنحى ُنًُي‬٣ confusing َ‫ؼٔن‬٣ 9 ْ‫ٌه‬
Don't use figure to express ٠‫ُن‬ٝ٧‫قظنس ج‬٬ُٔ‫ جيج ج‬.ٍٜ‫ جْنْ جُٗن‬٠‫ٍ جُن‬٤‫إٔ ٗٗن‬
. about the month
2- Put a comma before the year.
07
‫أق‪٤‬حٗح ك‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪ٞ‬جٌ‪٣‬م ػ٘ىٓح ضو‪ June ٍٞ‬غنْ ٗطرؼن‪ ٚ‬ذنٍهْ ٓػنَ ‪ 38‬غنْ ذؼنى يُني ٗون‪ٍٞ‬‬
‫‪ 3222‬كٖٔ أؾَ إٔ ٗل‪٘ٛ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫ ٠ٌُ َٛ‬حى جنط‪ ٠٬‬كٍذٔح ‪٣‬أض‪ٝ ٠‬جقى ‪٣ ٝ‬وٍأ‪ٛ‬ح ٓحتنس ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬جقى ‪ ٝ‬ضٓؼ‪ ٖ٤‬أُق ‪ ٝ‬ضٓؼٔحتس ‪ ٝ‬ضٓؼس ‪ ٝ‬ضٓؼ‪ .ٖ٤‬كٖٔ أؾَ إٔ ٗٗ‪ ٍ٤‬جُ‪ ٠‬إٔ ‪ٍٓ 38‬ضرطنس‬
‫ذٌِٔس ‪ June‬أ‪ٟٗ June ٍٜٖ ٖٓ 38 ٟ‬غ )‪ comma (,‬غْ ٌٗطد جُٓ٘س ‪٘ٛ ٝ 3222‬نحى‬
‫ٓػحٍ ْ‪ٞ‬ف ٗأض‪ ٠‬ئُ‪ ٚ٤‬ئٕ ٖحء هللا ضؼحُ‪ ٠‬ذؼى هِ‪.َ٤‬ئيج ‪٣‬ؿد أػُجتن‪ ٠‬جُطِرنس جٕ ض٘طر‪ٜ‬ن‪ٞ‬ج جُن‪٠‬‬
‫‪ٛ‬حض‪ ٖ٤‬جُٔ‪٬‬قظطٖ‪.‬‬

‫‪1- Don't use figure for the month.‬‬

‫‪ ٫‬ضؼرٍ ػٖ جُٗ‪ ٍٜ‬ذأ‪ ٟ‬قحٍ ٖٓ ج‪٧‬ق‪ٞ‬جٍ ذٍهْ‬
‫‪2- Put a comma before the year.‬‬
‫‪ٞ‬غ كح‪ِٚ‬س ‪ comma‬هرَ جُٓ٘س‪.‬‬
‫‪٫‬قع ‪ُ ٝ any of the following forms are correct‬ى‪٘٣‬ح ‪٘ٛ‬ح غ‪٬‬غنس أٖنٌحٍ ٌُطحذنس‬
‫جُطحٌ‪٣‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪You are free to choose any form of the three forms which we‬‬
‫‪have. We have three alternatives here. All of them are correct. So‬‬
‫‪you can choose any one of them.‬‬
‫كحٗص ذحٌٓحٗي إٔ ضهطحٌ أ‪ٝ ٟ‬جقى ٓ٘‪ ْٜ‬كحُػ‪٬‬ظ أٌٖحٍ ًِ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ٚ‬ك‪٤‬كس‪ ٌُٖ .‬جٌُحضد ‪ ٝ‬أٗح‬
‫ٖه‪٤ٛ‬ح أٗ‪ٛ‬ف ذ‪ًٜ‬ج جٌَُٗ‬

‫‪18th June, 1999‬‬

‫جُػحٖٓ ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٖ‪ْ٘ June ٍٜ‬س ‪٫ .3222‬قع ‪٣‬حض‪٘ٛ ٠‬نح جُػنحٖٓ ػٗنٍ ‪ُ eighteen‬ن‪ّ٤‬‬
‫ٓؿٍو ٌهْ ‪ٌ ٌُٖ ٝ‬هْ َجتى ؾُء ٖٓ جٌُِٔس ‪ ٝ‬ذؼى يُي ‪ٞٝ‬ؼ٘ح جْْ جُٗ‪٫ . June ٍٜ‬قنع‬
‫ُْ ٗوَ ٖ‪ 7 ٍٜ‬أ‪ 8 ٍٜٖ ٝ‬أ‪ ُٚ ٍٗٗ ُْ 9 ٝ‬ذٍهْ ‪ٌُ ٝ‬نٖ ػرٍٗنح ػ٘ن‪ ٚ‬ذحْنٔ‪ June ٚ‬غنْ ذؼنى‬
‫يُنني جُٓنن٘س‪٫ .‬قننع هرننَ ‪ 3222‬كنن‪ ٠‬جُ٘نن‪ٞ‬ع ج‪ُ ٍٝ٧‬ننْ ٗ‪ٟ‬ننغ ‪ٗ٫ Comma‬نن‪ُ ٚ‬ننْ ‪ٞ٣‬ؾننى‬
‫‪ misunderstanding‬أ‪٘ٗ٫ confusing ٝ‬ح يًٍٗح جُ‪ 38 ّٞ٤‬غْ ذؼى يُي جُٗن‪June ٍٜ‬‬
‫غْ ذؼى يُي جُٓ٘س ‪ ٝ 3222‬ذحُطحُ‪٘ٛ ّ٤ُ ٠‬حى وجع إٔ ٗ‪ٟ‬نغ جُنـ ‪ٗ٧ comma‬ن‪ُ ٚ‬نٖ ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫‪٘ٛ‬حى ْ‪ٞ‬ء ك‪.ْٜ‬‬
‫جُ٘‪ٞ‬ع جُػحُنع‪٫ :‬قنع ‪ ٫‬ذنى إٔ ٗ‪ٟ‬نغ جُنـ ‪ comma‬هرنَ جُٓن٘س ‪ before the year‬ك٘ون‪ٍٞ‬‬
‫‪ ٝ June eighteenth,‬ذؼنى يُني ‪٣ then we should put comma‬ؼ٘ن‪June ٠‬‬
‫جُػحٖٓ ػٍٗ ‪3222‬‬

‫‪June 28th , 1999‬‬

‫‪08‬‬
the first one is ٕ‫ ٓنننغ جُؼِنننْ ذنننأ‬.‫نننكس‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٕ٥‫ٌ ج‬ٞ‫ٓننن‬٧‫ٕ ج‬ٞ‫ جٕ ضٌننن‬ٞ‫أٌؾننن‬
ٖ‫ ضرؼنى ػن‬ٝ ‫حش‬ٜ‫ ضرؼنى ػنٖ جُٗنر‬ٝ ‫ ضرؼى ػٖ جُٗني‬٠‫ِس قط‬٤ْٝ َٟ‫ أك‬recommended
ٞٛ ٝ ٍٝ٧‫ع ج‬ُٞ٘‫ جْطهىّ ج‬.‫ش‬٫‫قطٔح‬٩‫ج‬

18th June, 1999

.ٕ‫ٌٓح‬٫‫ هىٌ ج‬٠ِ‫ إٔ ضٓطهىٓس ػ‬ٞ‫ أٌؾ‬ٝ ٚ‫ ذ‬٠ٚٞ٣ ‫ع‬ُٞ٘‫ًج ج‬ٛٝ

(3)- The reference

The third main part of the letter is the reference; the letter heading
may contain a special position for the insertion of the reference.
ٕ٥‫ ج‬heading ٖٟٔ‫ ضط‬٠‫ جُط‬ٝ ‫ح ْحذوح‬ٜ٤ُ‫ أٍٖٗح ج‬٠‫ ػٍٗ ٗوطس جُط‬ٟ‫قى‬٧‫ٕ ج‬ًًٍٝ‫ضط‬
. reference ٚ٤‫غ ك‬ٟ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ض‬٣ ٕ‫ؾى ٌٓح‬ٞ٣
It's usually placed on the top-left-hand corner, remember that the
date should be put on the hand-top right corner. And the reference
should be placed on the top left-hand corner and in the same line
of the date.
‫٘ٔنح‬٤‫نس جُٗنٔحٍ ذ‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠‫ٕ ػِن‬ٞ‫ٌن‬٣ reference ‫ جُـ‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ ١‫ ٗلّ جُه‬٠ِ‫ٕ ػ‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٝ
It should typed at the .١‫ ٗلّ جُهن‬٠ِ‫ٌُٖ ػ‬ٝ ٠٘ٔ٤ُ‫س ج‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠ِ‫ٕ ػ‬ٌٞ٣ date ‫جُـ‬
‫نس‬٣ٝ‫ جُُج‬٠‫ننٍ ػِن‬٥‫ ج‬ٝ ‫م‬٣ٌ‫ جُطنح‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ ٠‫ٔ٘ن‬٤ُ‫ح ج‬٤ِ‫س جُؼ‬٣ٝ‫ جُُج‬٠ِ‫جقى ػ‬ٝ ٌُٖ same line
.١‫ ٗلّ جُه‬٠ِ‫ٔح ػ‬ٛ٬ً ٝ reference ‫ جُـ‬ٞٛ ٝ ٍٟٓ٤ُ‫ح ج‬٤ِ‫جُؼ‬
The reference gives the initial of the person who signs the letter.
‫س‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬ٝ .‫غ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫س جُط‬٤ٔٛ‫ك٘ح أ‬ٞٝ ٕ‫ ْرن أ‬ٝ ‫ ًطد جٍُْحُس‬ًُٟ‫ ج‬ٙ‫ جُٗه‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ٣ ‫جٍُٔؾغ‬
‫ ٌْننحُس‬٠‫ننٍو ػِنن‬٣ ٕ‫و أ‬ُٝ‫ جُٔنن‬ٝ‫ننى أٗننص أ‬٣ٍ‫ كؼ٘ننىٓح ض‬.‫ ًطنند جٍُْننحُس‬ًٟ‫ جُنن‬ٙ‫ٓؼٍكننس جُٗننه‬
benefits ‫ جُـ‬٠ُ‫حكس ج‬ٞ٫‫ ًطد جٍُْحُس ذح‬ًُٟ‫ ج‬ٙ‫ؼٍف ٖٓ جُٗه‬٣ ٕ‫ى أ‬٣ٍ٣ ٜٞ‫س ك‬٣ٌ‫ضؿح‬
.‫و ٖٓ ٓؼٍكس ًحضد جٍُْحُس‬ٞ‫ ضؼ‬٠‫ جُط‬ٍٟ‫ن‬٧‫جُٔ٘حكغ ج‬
So the reference gives the initial of the person who signs the letter
or the number needed for filing or classification.
ٝ .ْ‫ جٌُحضند َجتنى جُنٍه‬ٝ‫ٖ ٓنٖ جْنْ جٍُْٔنَ ج‬٤‫ٍ قٍك‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠ُ‫ٍ ج‬٤ٗ٣ reference ‫حٗح جُـ‬٤‫أق‬
َ‫ ػٔن‬filling ٠‫ٓنحػىٗح كن‬٣ ْ‫نًج جُنٍه‬ٛ ٝ .ْ‫كٔنَ ٌهن‬٣ ٠ٔ‫كَٔ جٍُهْ ٓػنَ ًطنحخ ٌْن‬٣ ٞٛ
.‫ جٍُْحُس‬ًٙٛ ٝ‫ًج جٌُطحخ أ‬ٛ ُٕ‫ٌٔ٘٘ح جٕ ٗه‬٣ ٖ٣‫ ٓػَ أ‬.‫ٌٖلس‬٧‫ج‬
Because, if we need to reach any information or take any
information so it will be easy to deal or react with that letter.

09
َ‫ٓنٖ أؾن‬ٝ ‫ف‬٤‫نك‬ُٛ‫ ج‬file ‫ جُنـ‬٠‫ح كن‬ٜ‫نؼ‬ٞٝ ٝ filling ‫ُس ئنٍجؼ جٍُْنحُس ٓنٖ جُنـ‬ْٜٞ ٝ
: reference ‫ جُـ‬٠ِ‫ًج جُٔػحٍ ػ‬ٛ ‫قع‬٫ .‫ى‬٤‫ق جُؿ‬٤٘ٛ‫ جُط‬good classification
Example: SR/NA/1999
SR: What does it mean?
It represents the first letters of the name of the person who writes
the letter.
‫ ٓنٖ ًِٔنس‬R ٝ ‫ ٓنٖ ًِٔنس ْنؼحو‬S ‫ جُنـ‬Saad Rayhanny ٠ٗ‫كنح‬٣ٌ ‫ْْ ْؼحو‬٫‫قع ج‬٫
‫ قنٍف جُنـ‬ٝ ‫ ٓنٖ ًِٔنس ؿحُند‬G ‫ ٗأنً قٍف جُنـ‬٠‫ْطحٗؿ‬ٞ‫ٍ ؿحُد ذ‬ٞ‫ ػ٘ىٓح ضو‬ٝ .٠ٗ‫كح‬٣ٌ
.‫ًٌج‬ٛ ٝ ٠‫ْطحؾ‬ٞ‫ ٖٓ ًِٔس ذ‬B
NA: it means a new appointment.
1999: it indicates to the number of the year of the date which the
letter was written in.
the forth main ‫ٕ ٓنغ جُنـ‬٥‫ج‬ٝ the main part of the letter ٕ٥‫ ج‬٠‫ئيج يًٍٗح قط‬
‫نس‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫هرنَ يُني جيًنًٍْ ٓنٍز أنن‬ٝ .ٕ‫ج‬ٞ‫ جُؼ٘ن‬ٝ ْ‫ْن‬٧‫ ج‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ part of the letter
any business letter or official ‫ح جُنـ‬ٜ٘ٔ‫ن‬ٟ‫ط‬٣ ٕ‫ؿند ج‬٣ ٠‫ػحش جُطن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٞٞٓ ‫ظ‬٬‫جُنػ‬
. business letter
It should contain thee things:
The first: the inside address
The second: the reference
The third: the date

(4)- The inside address:

The name and the address of the individual or the name of the firm
to who the letter is place in its proper envelope.
‫إًى‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ .‫ح جٍُْحُس‬ُٜ ٍَْٗ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٠‫ جُٔإْٓس جُط‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٙ‫ ٖه‬ٟ٧ ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ْْ٫‫ ج‬ٟ‫أ‬
.‫ف‬٤‫ك‬ُٛ‫ح ج‬ٜٗ‫ ٌٓح‬٠‫ػس ك‬ٞٞٞٓ ‫إٔ جٍُْحُس‬
Addresses are generally typed at the left-hand Again Addresses
are generally typed at the left-hand.
‫ كنٍجؽ‬٠ٞ‫غنس نطن‬٬‫ غ‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ٓن‬٤ُ‫نس ج‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠‫ٌطند ػِن‬٣ ٕ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ ذنى‬٫ ‫نس‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٧‫جٕ ذحُِـس ج‬ٞ٘‫كحُؼ‬
.‫ جٍُٔؾغ‬ٝ‫ أ‬date ‫ضكص جُـ‬
Always in a single space with three lines space below the date or
the reference.
If I ask you a question, why did the writer her say three lines
below the date or the reference? The answer is because the date
21
and the reference should be typed on the same line. So when we
want to write the address we should leave three lines below the
date or the address. Remember that the date and the address
should be written on the same line. Also in general, all the
contents of the letter begin at the left hand margin except the date
when we use the file style but when we use the blocked style we
can also use it and start from the left hand margin, as we
mentioned before.
ٝ‫ٌهننس أ‬ُِٞ ٍ‫ٓنن‬٣٧‫نحٕٓ ج‬ُٜ‫ ٓننٖ ج‬ٝ‫ٓننٍ أ‬٣٧‫ؿنند إٔ ضرننىأ ٓننٖ جُؿحٗنند ج‬٣ ٠ٞ‫ننغ جُهطنن‬٤ٔ‫ئيج ؾ‬
ٖ‫ ػن‬٠‫نكس ٓنح وٓ٘نح ٗكٌن‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٕٞ‫ؿد إٔ ضٌن‬٣ ‫ٍجش‬ٛ‫ جُٔهط‬ٝ‫ ذؼ‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ .‫لكس ٍُِْحُس‬ُٛ‫ج‬
.‫ننكس‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٕٞ‫إٔ ضٌنن‬ٝ .‫ننطِكحش‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ًٙ‫نن‬ٛ ٖ٤‫ننُ ذنن‬٤ٔ‫ ذننى إٔ ض‬٫ ‫ جُطحُنند‬ُٟ‫نن‬٣ُ‫ ػ‬.ٕ‫ج‬ٞ‫جُؼ٘نن‬
َ‫ ٌْنحت‬٠‫ كن‬ٝ‫نس أ‬٣ٌ‫ جٍُْنحتَ جُطؿح‬٠‫ٗني كن‬٫ ٝ .َ‫٘ٔنح ضٌطند جٍُْنحت‬٤‫نح ق‬ٜ٤ُ‫ف ضكطحؼ ئ‬ٞٓ‫ك‬
‫ ٓنغ‬ٝ‫ أ‬external countries ‫ ٓنغ‬ٝ overseas countries َ‫ف ضطؼحٓن‬ٞ‫ػٔنحٍ ْن‬٧‫ج‬
.‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫س ضٓطهىّ جُِـس ج‬٤‫ آنٍ كٔؼظْ جُطؿحٌز جُهحٌؾ‬٠٘‫ ذِى أؾ‬ٟ‫أ‬
Mr. =mister
٠‫ ػ٘نىٓح ضرؼنع ٌْنحُس جُن‬for addressing a male person ّ‫ ضٓنطهى‬ٝ ‫ى‬٤‫ جُٓن‬٠‫ضؼ٘ن‬
.ٍٛ‫ح‬٠ َ٤ٔ‫ى ؾ‬٤ُٓ‫َ جُٔػحٍ ج‬٤‫ ْر‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬.َ‫ ٌؾ‬ٙ‫ٖه‬
Example: Mr. Gameel Taher
Misters:
Is used for addressing two or more person who are in a
partnership.
‫هس‬٬‫ جُـحُد ػ‬٠‫٘ح ك‬ٛ ‫هس‬٬‫و ذحُؼ‬ٞٛ‫ جُٔو‬ٝ .‫هس ٓح‬٬‫ٕ ػ‬ٌِٞٗ٣ ٖ٣ًُِ‫ ج‬ٝ ٍ‫ أًػ‬ٝ‫ٖ أ‬٤ٛ‫ُٗه‬
.ٍ‫ أًػ‬ٝ‫ٖ أ‬٤ٛ‫ ٖه‬ٞٗ‫رحش جٕ ًح‬٠‫ جُٔهح‬٠‫ ك‬ٍٟ‫هس أن‬٬‫ ػ‬ٟ‫ أ‬ٝ‫ػَٔ أ‬
Miss:
Is used for addressing unmarried woman.
‫ش‬٬ْ‫ جٍُٔج‬٠‫د ك‬٠‫ جيج أٌوٗح إٔ ٗهح‬ٝ‫س أ‬٤‫ٍ آٗٓس ذحُِـس جُؼٍذ‬ٞ‫ ضو‬ٝ‫ى إٔ ضٌطد أ‬٣ٍ‫ػ٘ىٓح ض‬
‫ؾس‬ُٝ‫٘ٔح جُٔط‬٤‫ ذ‬Miss ‫ٗٓس‬٥‫ح ًِٔس ج‬ٜ‫ؾس ٗٓطهىّ ٓؼ‬ُٝ‫ٍ ٓط‬٤‫ىز ؿ‬٤ْ ٝ‫س آٗٓس أ‬٣ٌ‫جُطؿح‬
.‫ىز‬٤ْ ‫ح ًِٔس‬ٜ‫ٗٓطهىّ ٓؼ‬
E.g. Miss Johnson
Mrs.
For addressing a married woman. And you should make sure that
she is married.
E.g. Mrs. Johnson
.‫ؾس‬ُٝ‫ جٍٓجءز ٓط‬٠ُ‫ٕ جٍُْحُس ئ‬ٞ٘‫ح جيج أٌوٗح إٔ ٗؼ‬ٜٓ‫جيج ٗٓطهى‬
20
Ms:
Is used for both married and unmarried woman. And you use it
when you aren't sure that the woman is married or not.
Misses is a plural of Miss.
Misses is plural of miss.
Esq.
q ‫ قٍف جُنـ‬ٝ S ‫٘ٔح قٍف جُـ‬٤‫ٍ ذ‬٤‫ قٍف ًر‬ٟ‫ أ‬capital letter ‫٘ح‬ٛ E ‫ قٍف جُـ‬ٚ‫جٗطر‬
.‫ٍز‬٤‫ـ‬ٚ ‫ف‬ٍٝ‫ ق‬small letter ‫ٍز‬٤‫ـ‬ٚ ‫ف‬ٍٝ‫ق‬
Esq. = Esquire: always follows the name and is considered as a
courtesy.
‫ح‬ٜٓ‫ٖ ٗٓطهى‬٤‫حهس ق‬٤ُِ‫ ج‬ٝ‫جع جُِرحهس أ‬ٞٗ‫ع ٖٓ أ‬ٞٗ ٠٘‫ ضؼ‬٠ٛ ٝ
e.g. (example):
Ghazi Newer Esq.
ٍّ‫ جُٔكط‬َٟ‫ ؿح‬٠٘‫ ضؼ‬٠ٛ ٝ
Mr. and Esq. .are not used at the same time.
‫ ٌُننٖ ذحُِـننس‬ٝ ٍّ‫ جُٔكطنن‬٠‫ى ؿحُنند جُرٓننط٘ؿ‬٤‫ٍ جُٓنن‬ٞ‫َ إٔ ضونن‬ٞ‫ؿنن‬٣ ‫ننس‬٤‫قننع ذحُِـننس جُؼٍذ‬٫
.ٍ٤‫ًج جُطؼر‬ٛ ٍٞ‫س نطأ إٔ ٗو‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ج‬
Mr. and Esq. .are not used at the same time.
But it's not correct to use both . Mr. ّ‫ جٓح إٔ ضٓطهى‬ٝ Esq. ّ‫كآح إٔ ضٓطهى‬
‫ إٔ ضونَ ؿحُند‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠‫ٍ ٓٓنطٍ ؿحُند جُرٓنط٘ؿ‬ٞ‫ كنايج ذآٌحٗني إٔ ضون‬at the same time.
‫ف‬ٍٝ‫ قنن‬sq ‫ جُننـ‬٠‫٘ٔننح قٍكنن‬٤‫ننٍ ذ‬٤‫ ًر‬E ‫ إٔ ضٌطنند قننٍف‬٠‫ ػِنن‬Esq. ٍّ‫ جُٔكطنن‬٠‫جُرٓننطؿ‬
.‫ٍز‬٤‫ـ‬ٚ
ٝ ‫ جُكِونس جُػحُػنس‬٠‫ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‬٠ِ‫س ػ‬٤ٗ‫ جُكِوس جُػح‬٠‫ًج جُوىٌ ك‬ٜ‫ ذ‬٠‫ جُطِرس ٌٗطل‬٠‫أػُجت‬
.ٚ‫ ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬ٝ ٠ُ‫ٌَٗٔ ئٕ ٖحء هللا ضؼح‬

22
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبىخخ‬

‫ جُكِونس جُػحُػنس‬٠‫ ذٌنْ كن‬٬ٜ‫ْن‬ٝ ٬‫ن‬ٛ‫ أ‬.‫ ذًٍحضنس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬,‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫أػُجت‬
٠‫نٍز جُٓنحذوس جُن‬ٞ‫ جُٔكح‬٠‫ هنى ضطٍه٘نح كن‬ٝ .‫نس‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫نس ذحُِـنس ج‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬‫ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْن‬
‫ ًطحذننس‬٠‫س كنن‬٤‫ٓنن‬٤‫ؾننُجء جٍُت‬٧‫ٗننحش ج‬ٌٞٓ ٝ‫ أ‬.‫ ًطحذننس جٍُْننحُس‬٠‫س كنن‬٤‫ٓنن‬٤‫ؾننُجء جٍُت‬٩‫ ج‬ٝ‫ذؼنن‬
٠‫ كن‬ٙ‫ ضطِه‬٠‫ جُط‬ٝ ,‫ٔس‬ُٜٔ‫قظحش ج‬٬ُٔ‫ ج‬useful hints ‫ جُـ‬ٝ‫هل٘ح ػ٘ى ذؼ‬ٞ‫ ض‬ٝ .‫جٍُْحُس‬
.٠‫ظ ٗوح‬٬‫غ‬
Useful hints:
1- Use the (For Attention Line) if you want your letter to reach a
certain person e.g. Wadi seer college P.O BOX 216. For the
attention of Mr. Ali Nemer.
2- If you are writing to a person holding a particular position,
write (The) before the position. E.g: The Finance Director. Or the
Human Resource manger…….etc.
3- use C/O
٠٘‫ ضؼ‬٠ٛ ٝ O ‫ غْ قٍف‬Slash ٠ٔٓ‫ ض‬ٝ ِٚ‫س جُٔحت‬٠ٍُٗ‫ ج‬ٙ‫ذؼى‬ٝ C ‫جْطهىّ قٍف‬
.ٍٙ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫ّٗ ج‬ٞ٣ ّ‫ٔح‬ٛ ‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫ ذؼ٘حز ج‬٬‫ ٓػ‬.‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫ ذؼ٘ح‬care of
And it means "care of", if you want the recipient to send on the
letter. E.g Mr.Yuonis Shawki
C/o Hammam Shawki

4- It is recommended to use the following order.

ٝ‫ؾننى ذؼننن‬ٞ‫ ض‬ٚ‫ٗنن‬٧ .ٖ٣ٝ‫ ًطحذننس جُؼ٘نننح‬٠‫ننح كنن‬ٚٞٛ‫ ن‬٠‫ضننن‬٥‫نند ج‬٤‫ننَ إٔ ضٓننطهىّ جُطٍض‬ٟ‫ل‬٣
.٘‫ٖ ذٌَٗ نح‬٤ٗ‫طح‬٣ٍ‫ جُر‬ٝ ّ‫ٖ ذٌَٗ ػح‬٤‫ذ‬ٌٝٝ٧‫ ج‬ٝ‫ٌحٕ أ‬٣ٍٓ٧‫ ج‬٬‫ٖ ٓػ‬٤‫كحش ٓح ذ‬٬‫نط‬٩‫ج‬
In general try to use the following order:
(a) The name of the person forms the first line.
.ٍٝ٧‫ ج‬١‫ٌَٗ جُه‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٙ‫جْْ جُٗه‬
(b) The name of the house or building and the name of the street,
avenue.
.٠‫ جُٗحٌع جُلٍػ‬ٝ‫س أ‬٤‫ جُىنِس جُلٍػ‬ٝ‫ جُٗحٌع أ‬ٝ ‫س‬٣‫ جُر٘ح‬ٝ‫غْ جْْ جٍُُٔ٘ أ‬
(c) The name of the town or city.
.‫٘س‬٣‫ جُٔى‬ٝ‫جْْ جُرِىز أ‬
(d) The post code.
.ٟ‫ى‬٣ٍ‫جٍُهْ جُر‬
23
(e) The name of the company.
‫ح‬ُٜ ّ‫ ٗكٖ ٗٓطهى‬England ٍٞ‫ كؼ٘ىٓح ضو‬.‫س‬٣‫و‬ٞ‫س جُٓؼ‬٤‫ ٓػَ جٌُِٔٔس جُؼٍذ‬,ٍ‫جْْ جُوط‬
.ٍ‫آنٍ ْط‬
Example:
Industrial house
34 Kent Road
Bolton B1 48 TF
UNITED KINGDOM

‫قع‬٫ ٝ ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫ آنٍ جُؼ‬٠‫ جٌُِٔٔس جُٔطكىز ؾحءش ك‬UNITED KINGDOM ‫قع‬٫
.‫ٍز‬٤‫ف ًر‬ٍٝ‫ ق‬ٟ‫ أ‬Capital letters ‫ح ًطرص‬ٜٗ‫ج‬
(5)- Salutation:
The main part of the letter is the salutation.
‫ٕ هنى يًٍٗنح‬٥‫ ج‬٠‫قنع قطن‬٫ .‫نس‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ ج‬٠ٛ ‫س ٍُِْحُس‬٤ٓ٤‫ؾُجء جٍُت‬٧‫جُؿُء جُهحّٓ ٖٓ ج‬
ْ‫ جذطننىج ٓننٖ جْ ن‬.‫ ػٗننٍ ذ٘ننىج‬ٟ‫ننٖٔ جقننى‬ٟ‫ٓننس هننى ضط‬٣ٍٝ‫ جُط‬ٝ ٠‫ػِنن‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ٓننس كنن‬٣ٍٝ‫ننغ جُط‬ٞٝ
. date ‫ غْ جُـ‬reference ‫ غْ ذؼى يُي ٗؿى جُـ‬branch ‫ح ذـ‬ٜ‫ جٗط‬ٝ ‫جًٍُٗس‬
The date is at the top-right corner. The reference and the date
should be at the top-left corner. So the reference and the date
should be at the same line. After that the address comes between
the line in the inside the address it should be one space and the
distance between the reference and the address it should be three
lines space.
٠٘‫ ضؼ‬٠ٛٝ salutation ‫س‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ ج‬٠‫ ذؼى يُي ضأض‬ٝ ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫ جُؼ‬address ‫ ذؼى يُي‬٠‫أض‬٣ ‫ئيج‬
.‫س جٍُْحُس‬٤‫جكططحق‬
The opening words of greeting in letters are known as the
salutation. It's typed at the left hand margin.
‫ننس‬٤‫ ٓػننَ ضك‬٠‫نن‬ٛ ‫ ػننحوز‬ٝ ‫ننح جٍُْننحُس‬ٜ‫َ ذ‬ٜ‫ ضٓ نط‬٠‫ ػرننحٌز ػننٖ جٌُِٔننحش جُطنن‬٠‫نن‬ٛ ٝ ‫ننس‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ج‬
‫ظ أْننطٍ ضكننص‬٬‫ غنن‬ٝ‫ظ كٍجؿننحش أ‬٬‫ ضننٍى غنن‬ٝ .)‫ ذًٍحضننس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔننس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤‫ّ ػِنن‬٬‫(جُٓنن‬
ْ‫غنس أْنطٍ غن‬٬‫ ٗؼنى غ‬Untied Kingdom َ‫جٕ ٓػن‬ٞ‫ ٓنٖ جُؼ٘ن‬٠‫ن‬ٜ‫ ذؼنى إٔ ٗ٘ط‬ٝ ,ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫جُؼ‬
.‫ى ئٕ جْطهىٓص‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫ ضكص ذؼ٘ح‬ٝ‫س جيج ًٔح هِ٘ح أ‬٤‫كططحق‬٧‫ ج‬salutation ‫غ‬ٟٗ
Thee lines space below the address or the attention line if used.
The form which is used in business includes the following.
24
‫ئيج جٌَُٗ جًُ‪ٓ٣ ٟ‬طهىّ كن‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬ػٔنحٍ ‪ ٝ‬جُٔو‪ٛ‬ن‪ٞ‬و ‪٘ٛ‬نح ٖنٌَ ‪ salutation‬أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬كططحق‪٤‬نس‪,‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪٣‬ط‪ ٖٟٔ‬ج‪٥‬ض‪:٠‬‬
‫‪ Dear sir or Dear sirs‬ػِن‪ ٠‬قٓند جُٔهح‪٠‬ند ٖنه‪ٝ ٙ‬جقنى أ‪ ٝ‬ػنىز أٖنهح٘‪ .‬ئيج‬
‫ٗ‪ٟ‬ن‪٤‬ق ‪ُِ S‬ؿٔ‪٤‬نغ‪ ٝ .‬هنى ٗٓنطهىّ ‪ dear Mr.…. or Dear Madam….‬جُن‪ ٠‬آننٍ‪ٝ ٙ‬‬
‫‪ٛ‬نننًج ‪٣‬ؼطرنننٍ ٗننن‪ٞ‬ع ٓنننٖ أٗننن‪ٞ‬جع ‪ salutation‬أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٫‬كططحق‪٤‬نننس‪ .‬أٓنننح كننن‪ ٠‬جٍُْنننحتَ جٍُْنننٔ‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُكٌ‪٤ٓٞ‬س ك٘ٓطهىّ جُٓ‪٤‬ى ‪ ٝ‬جُٓحوز‪.‬‬
‫‪For governmental and municipal officials the forms generally used‬‬
‫‪sir or sirs.‬‬
‫‪This table shows the kind of letter and salutation form and the‬‬
‫‪complimentary form, and how you can end your letter.‬‬
‫‪ complimentary‬نحضٔنننننس جٍُْنننننحُس‪ .‬ئيج ‪٣‬ؿننننند إٔ ض٘ط‪ٜ‬ننننن‪ ٠‬ذنننننـ‬ ‫‪٣‬ؼ٘ننننن‪ ٠‬ذٌِٔنننننس‬
‫‪ٛٝ complimentary clauses‬ن‪ ٠‬جُهحضٔنس ُ‪ٜ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جٍُْنحُس‪ٛٝ .‬نًج جُٗنٌَ ‪٣‬رن‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪ٌ٧‬ذنغ‬
‫أٗنن‪ٞ‬جع ٓننٖ جٍُْننحتَ جٌُطحذ‪٤‬ننس جُطنن‪ ٠‬وٌْنن٘ح‪ ْٛ‬كنن‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬قننىز ج‪ُٝ٧‬نن‪٣ ٝ .٠‬رنن‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ننح ‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼننس‬
‫جُه‪٤‬حٌجش جُٔطحقس أٓحٓي جُط‪ ٌٖٔٓ ٠‬إٔ ضٓطهىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ٞٗ ًَ ٠‬ع ٖٓ أٗ‪ٞ‬جع جٍُْحتَ غْ ‪٣‬ر‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫ُي ٌَٖ جُـ ‪ٞٗ complimentary clause‬ع جُهحضٔس جُط‪ ٌٖٔٓ ٠‬إٔ ٗٓطهىٓ‪ٜ‬ح كن‪ً ٠‬نَ‬
‫ٗ‪ٞ‬ع ٖٓ أٗ‪ٞ‬جع ‪ ًٙٛ‬جٍُْحتَ‪ .‬ئيج جٗطر‪.ٚ‬‬
‫‪It's very important to make a good matching between the‬‬
‫‪salutation and the complimentary.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؼ٘‪٣ ٠‬ؿد إٔ ‪٘ٛ ٌٕٞ٣‬حى ض٘حؿْ ‪ ٝ‬ض‪ٞ‬جكن ذ‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪٫‬كططحق‪٤‬نس ‪ ٝ‬جُهحضٔنس قطن‪ ٠‬ضهنٍؼ جٍُْنحُس‬
‫ذحٌَُٗ جُٔور‪ ٝ ٍٞ‬جُٔطؼحٌف ػِ‪ ٚ٤‬ػحُٔ‪٤‬ح‪.‬‬

‫‪25‬‬
 THE TABLE

KIND OF SALUTAION COMPLIMETARY

LETTERS
1- general business Dear sir - Yours faithfully
Dear sirs - Yours truly
Dear madam
2- official Sir - Yours
Gentlemen - Faithfully
Madam
3- semi-personal Dear Mr. Harris - With kind regards
Dear Harris - Yours sincerely
4- personal Dear Ted - with best wishes
My dear Ted - very sincerely
yours
- your
affectionately

‫ كحُِـننس‬.ٍٝ‫ ًننَ جُننى‬,ُْ‫نند جُؼننح‬٠‫ أٗننص ضهح‬.‫ننس‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ننس ًطحذنس جٍُْننحتَ ذحُِـننس ج‬٤ٔٛ‫ٗطننًًٍ أ‬
ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ِ‫ٖ جُ٘نح‬٤‫ جُوحْنْ جُٔٗنطٍى ٓنح ذن‬٠ُ‫ذحُطنح‬ٝ .‫نس‬٤ُٔ‫ ُـنس ػح‬٠‫ن‬ٛ -‫٘نح‬٤‫ٖث٘ح أّ أذ‬- ‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ج‬
ٝ ْ‫٘حُنني ض٘ننحؿ‬ٛ ٕٞ‫ٌنن‬٣ ٕ‫ؿنند أ‬٣ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطننح‬ٝ .‫ْننغ‬ٝ٧‫ج‬ٝ ‫ًػننٍ جٗطٗننحٌج‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ننس‬٣ُ٘٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫جُِـننس ج‬
ٖ‫ جُ٘ظنٍ ػن‬ٝ‫ ٌْنحُس ذـن‬ٟ‫ أ‬٠‫ كن‬complimentary ٝ salutation ٖ٤‫جٗٓنؿحّ ٓنح ذن‬
.‫ؼس جٍُْحُس‬٤‫ر‬٠
Whatever the kind of the letter, general business or official or
semi-personal or even it is personal.
Kinds of salutation:
In general Business we have three alternatives of salutation we can
use when we write in general business Dear sir or Dear sirs or
Dear Madam.
‫نًج‬ٜ‫ ذ‬ٝ‫ىز أ‬٤‫وس جُٓن‬٣‫نى‬ُٛ‫ ج‬ٝ‫ جُٓنحوز أ‬٠‫نىهحت‬ٚ‫ أ‬ٝ‫ى أ‬٤‫ جُٓن‬٠‫و‬٣‫نى‬ٚ ّ‫ ذآٌحٗي إٔ ضٓطهى‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣
ّ‫ٌٔ٘ني إٔ ضٓنطهى‬٤‫ ك‬complimentary clause ‫ جُنـ‬٠‫ ذحُ٘ٓنرس جُن‬ٝ .‫ آننٍز‬٠‫ جُن‬٠‫جُٔؼ٘ن‬
‫نًج‬ٜ‫ ذ‬ٝ‫ ٌُنْ أ‬ٙ‫ جُٔهِن‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٙ‫وٌْ جُٔهِن‬٣‫نى‬ٚ ٟ‫ أ‬yours truly ٝ‫ أ‬yours faithfully
.٠٘‫جُٔؼ‬
26
In official letter we can use as a salutation "Sir, Gentlemen or
Madam" and at the same time on the complimentary clause when
you use official letter style you use Yours Faithfully.
general ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ضٓطهىّ ٓغ‬٣ ‫٘ٔح‬٤‫ ذ‬official ‫ ضٓطهىّ ٓغ‬٫ yours truly ٕ‫قع أ‬٫
‫ هحْْ ٓٗطٍى‬٠ٛ yours faithfully ٕ‫ح ج‬ٟ٣‫قع أ‬٫ ٝ . official ‫ ٓغ‬ٝ business
as a ّ‫ ضٓننننطهى‬ٝ official letters ٝ general business ٖ٤‫ٓننننح ذنننن‬
semi- ٖ‫ ًٔننح يًٍٗننح ػنن‬ٝ .‫ننس ٍُِْننحُس‬٤ٓ‫ ًؿِٔننس نطح‬ٟ٧ complimentary clause
ٕ‫ٌٔنٖ أ‬٣ ٟ‫ أ‬Dear Mr. Harris or Dear Harris ٠‫ُن‬ٝ٧‫ جُكِونس ج‬٠‫ كن‬personal
‫٘ني‬٤‫هس ذ‬٬‫ز جُؼ‬ٞ‫ ه‬ٟ‫ ٓى‬٠ِ‫ؼطٔى ػ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ ٌِ‫ح‬ٛ ٠‫و‬٣‫ى‬ٚ ٝ‫حٌِ أ‬ٛ ‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫ ج‬٠‫و‬٣‫ى‬ٚ ّ‫ضٓطهى‬
‫ جُنـ‬٠‫نطِكحش كن‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ّ‫ٌٔ٘ني إٔ ضٓنطهى‬٤‫ ك‬ٚ٘٤‫ ذ‬ٝ ‫٘ي‬٤‫س ذ‬٣ٞ‫هس ه‬٬‫ ًِٔح ًحٗص جُؼ‬ٚ٘٤‫ ذ‬ٝ
. semi-personal
So it depends on how much close are you to that person, to the
receiver. How much the strength of the relationship between you
and the receiver of the letter.
ٖ‫ أٓنننح ػننن‬. semi-personal ٠‫ كننن‬salutation ‫طؼِنننن ذحُنننـ‬٣ ‫ٔنننح‬٤‫نننح ك‬ٟ٣‫نننًج أ‬ٛ ‫قنننع‬٫
with kind ٝ‫ أ‬yours sincerely ّ‫ٌٔ٘نني إٔ ضٓننطهى‬٤‫ ك‬complimentary ‫جُننـ‬
٠‫قننع قطنن‬٫ ٝ ‫نس‬٤ٔ٤ٔ‫ أًػننٍ ق‬ٝ‫س أ‬٤‫نن‬ٛ‫ جُٗه‬٠‫هننس أهننٍخ جُنن‬٬‫ننركص جُؼ‬ٚ‫٘ننح أ‬ٜ‫ ك‬regards
with kind ‫ُلحظ‬٧‫ ج‬ًٜٙ‫ ك‬.٠٘‫ًج جُٔؼ‬ٜ‫ ذ‬ٝ‫ٓح أ‬ٝ‫ ٌُْ و‬ِٙ‫ جُٔه‬ٝ‫ُ أ‬٣ُ‫ جُؼ‬٠‫و‬٣‫ى‬ٚ ٍ٤‫جُطؼحذ‬
٠‫نس جُطن‬٣ٞ‫هنس جُو‬٬‫ أًػٍ هٍذح ُطؼرٍ ػٖ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ز‬ٞ‫ أًػٍ ه‬٠ٛ you sincerely ٝ regards
‫س‬٤ٔ‫ أهنَ ٌْن‬٠‫ن‬ٛ semi-personal ‫ جُنـ‬٠‫ ٌُنٖ كن‬.َ‫ ٓؿنحٍ جُؼٔن‬٠‫ٖ كن‬٤ٛ‫ٖ جُٗه‬٤‫ٗٗأش ذ‬
‫طؼِنن‬٣ ‫ٔنح‬٤‫ ٌُنٖ ه‬. official and business letters ٖ‫ ٓن‬less formal structure
‫ن‬٣‫نى‬ٚ ٍٞ‫ ك٘و‬Dear Ted directly ّ‫ٌٔ٘٘ح إٔ ٗٓطهى‬٤‫ ك‬personal kind of letters
‫رؼنح‬٠ .‫نى‬٤‫ ض‬٠‫و‬٣‫نى‬ٚ ٝ‫ أ‬Dear Ted or My Dear Ted ‫ؾنى ضٌِلنس‬ٞ‫ ض‬٫ ٠‫ؼ٘ن‬٣ Ted
٠ُ‫ ذحُطننح‬ٝ .‫ أًػننٍ هننٍخ‬,‫نس‬٤ٔ٤ٔ‫ أًػننٍ ق‬٠‫ ٓؼ٘نن‬٠‫ننح ضؼن‬ٜٗ‫ أػطوننى ج‬my ‫ػ٘نىٓح ضٓننطهىّ ًِٔننس‬
‫ٌٔ٘ي‬٣
You are free to choose any alternative of them, My Dear Ted or
Dear Ted.
‫طؼِننن ذحُننـ‬٣ ‫ٔننح‬٤‫ ك‬complimentary clause ‫قننع جُننـ‬٫ .ٖ٤‫ ًِطننح جُكننحُط‬٠‫ننًج ؾننحتُ كنن‬ٜ‫ك‬
ّ‫ٌٔ٘ي إٔ ضٓطهى‬٤‫س ك‬٤ٛ‫ ػ٘ىٓح ضٌطد ٌْحتَ ٖه‬personal letters
With beat wishes or very sincerely yours or yours affectionately.
. personal letter ‫ جُـ‬٠‫طِكحش ك‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٟ‫ٌٔ٘ي إٔ ضٓطهىّ أ‬٣ ‫كأٗص‬

27
(6)- The core of the letter (THE BODY OF THE LETTER)

The sixth main part of the letter is the core of the letter, or the
body of the letter. So the body of the letter is very important and it
represents the core of the letter. So we should give more attention
and we should give more care, more concentration, more focus, on
the body of the letter.
٠‫ جُطن‬ٝ ‫ظ كونٍجش‬٬‫ٕ ٖٓ غن‬ٌٞ‫ط‬٣ ‫ ػحوز‬body of the letter ‫جُـ‬ٝ ‫ٍ جٍُْحُس‬ٛٞ‫ ؾ‬ٞٛ ٝ
:٠‫ض‬٥‫ح ًح‬ٜ‫ك‬ٞٞٗ ‫ف‬ْٞ
The body of the letter consists of three paragraphs:
THE BODY OF THE LETTER
The subject matter of the letter is contained in the body.
‫ ٓنح‬ٝ .‫ ٓنٖ جٍُْنحُس‬ٍٜ‫ جُـن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ‫ ٓنح‬ٝ ,‫ ُٔحيج ًطرص جٍُْحُس‬٠ٛ ‫س‬٤ْ‫ْح‬٧‫س ج‬٤ٟ‫ٗؼِْ إٔ جُو‬
ٝ ‫ ؾٓنْ جٍُْنحُس‬٠‫طٔػنَ كن‬٣ ‫نًج‬ٛ ٝ ‫ىف ٖٓ ًطحذس جٍُْحُس ُٔحيج هٔ٘نح ذٌطحذنس جٍُْنحُس‬ُٜ‫ ج‬ٞٛ
. ٚ‫ط‬٤ٔٛ‫٘ح ضٌٖٔ أ‬ٛ ٖٓ
What is the purpose of the letter? And what is the aim of the
letter? It is the body of the letter or the core of the letter. So the
subject matter of the letter of contained in the body which we
usually divide into thee paragraphs for easier reading and
understanding.
the ‫طس‬٤ٔ‫نَ ضٓن‬ٟ‫ أٗنح أك‬the core of the letter ٝ‫ أ‬the body of the letter ‫ئيج‬
ٝ ‫ جُونٍجءز‬reading ‫نس‬٤ِٔ‫َ ػ‬٤ٜ‫ظ كونٍجش ُطٓن‬٬‫ٕ ٓنٖ غن‬ٞ‫طٌن‬٣ body of the letter
٠‫وٓنْ جُن‬٣ the body of the letter ‫نْ ئيج‬ٜ‫ جُل‬understanding ‫نس‬٤ِٔ‫َ ػ‬٤ٜ‫ُطٓن‬
.‫ح‬ٜٜٔ‫ ك‬ٝ ‫َ ُوٍجءز جٍُْحُس‬ْٜ‫ًج أ‬ٛ ٕ٧ ‫ظ كوٍجش‬٬‫غ‬
The body of the letter should be divided into thee paragraphs
for easier reading and understanding. So the body of the letter
should be divided into three paragraphs. Why? In order to make
the letter easier to read and to understand.

The firs paragraphs:

‫نس ٍُِْنحُس‬٤‫ ػرنحٌز ػنٖ جكططحق‬٠‫ن‬ٜ‫ ك‬the firs paragraphs is an opening ‫قنع‬٫
ٖ٤‫ز ذن‬ٞ‫ ضوِنَ جُلؿن‬ٝ‫ ضٌٓنٍ أ‬٠‫ جُطن‬ٝ that brings into the mind of the reader
28
ٍ‫ ضهرن‬ٝ .ٝ‫ ٓ٘ٓنؿْ ٓنغ ذؼن‬mood ٠‫ْ ك‬ِٜ‫ ضؿؼ‬ٝ ّ‫ٗٓؿح‬٫‫ ضؿِد ج‬ٝ ٍَُْٔ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ء‬ٌٟ‫جُوح‬
what the subject of the letter ‫ٌ جٍُْحُس‬ٝ‫ ػٖ ٓحيج ضى‬-‫ء جٍُْحُس‬ٌٟ‫هح‬- ‫ء‬ٌٟ‫جُوح‬
what is the purpose ‫ ٓنٖ جٍُْنحُس؟‬ٍٜ‫ جُـن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ‫ ٓنح‬ٝ ‫ع جٍُْحُس؟‬ٞٞٞٓ ٞٛ ‫ ٓح‬is
to help him link up the letter on his ‫نىف جٍُْنحُس؟‬ٛ ٞٛ ‫ ٓح‬of the letter?
٠‫كن‬ٝ .‫ح‬ٜ‫نؼ‬ٟ٣ ‫ف‬ٞ‫ ِٓنق ْن‬file ٟ‫ جٍُْنحُس أ‬ًٙٛ ٖ٤‫ ذ‬١‫ ػَٔ ٌذ‬٠‫ ك‬ٙ‫ ضٓحػى‬ًٙٛ ٝ files
What is the pass should the message .‫ جٍُْنحُس‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ‫ف ضٓنِي‬ٞ‫ ٓٓنحٌ ْن‬ٟ‫أ‬
‫ أٓح ػنٖ ًِٔنس‬.ٌٟ‫ًج ًاؾٍجء ئوج‬ٛ .‫ جٍُْحُس‬ٚ‫ؿد إٔ ضطرؼ‬٣ ًُٟ‫ جُٔٓحٌ ج‬ٞٛ ‫ ٓح‬follow.
٠‫ٕ ئُن‬٧‫ ْن٘ططٍم ج‬ٝ .‫ء‬ٌٟ‫ جُونح‬reader ‫ جُنـ‬٠‫ ػحتنىز ػِن‬٠‫ن‬ٜ‫ ك‬to help him ٠‫ كن‬him
.‫س ٖٓ جٍُْحُس‬٤ٗ‫ جُلوٍز جُػح‬ٟ‫ أ‬the second part of the paragraph

The second part of the paragraph:

It contains information and facts about the important points you

would like to know, to do, or to ask for.
ٖ‫ قونحتن ػن‬ٝ facts ٝ ‫ٓنحش‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬information ٖٔ‫ن‬ٟ‫نس ٓنٖ جٍُْنحُس ضط‬٤ٗ‫جيج جُلوٍز جُػح‬
‫ ضكند‬٠‫ جُطن‬ٝ you would like to know ‫ٔنس‬ُٜٔ‫ ج‬٠‫ جُ٘ونح‬the important points
‫ء‬٠‫ؼٔنَ ٖنن‬٤ُ .‫ جٍُْنحُس‬ٚ‫ ْطٍْنَ ُنن‬ًٟ‫ء جُن‬ٌٟ‫نح جُوننح‬ٜ‫ؼٍك‬٣ ‫نح؟‬ٜ‫ؼٍك‬٣ ًٟ‫ ٓنٖ جُنن‬.‫نح‬ٜ‫إٔ ضؼٍك‬
he can take ‫ ذحٍُْحُس‬٠‫ ذحُكوحتن جُط‬ٝ ‫ٓحش‬ِٞ‫ ذحُٔؼ‬ٚ‫ ٓؼٍكط‬ٝ‫ أ‬ًٚ٬‫ٍ جٓط‬٬‫ٖ ٖٓ ن‬٤‫ٓؼ‬
or to ask for something ٖ٤‫أنً كؼَ ٓؼ‬٣ ٝ‫ٍف أ‬ٛ‫ط‬٣ ٕ‫غ أ‬٤‫ٓطط‬٣ ٜٞ‫ ك‬an action
.‫ٍ جٍُْحُس‬٬‫ح ٖٓ ن‬ٛ‫ٍو‬٣ ِٚٓٞ‫ ٓؼ‬٬‫ ٓػ‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٚ‫حّ ذ‬٤‫ ٖٓ أؾَ جُو‬ٚ٘ٓ ‫طِد‬٣ ‫ء هى‬٠ٖ ِْ‫ؼ‬٣ ٝ‫أ‬
‫نىك٘ح‬ٛ ٕ‫نك٘ح ج‬ٞٝ‫ أ‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٛ‫نى‬٣ٍٗ ٠‫ جُطن‬ٚ‫ون‬٤‫ جُكو‬ٝ‫ح أ‬ٛ‫نى‬٣ٍٗ ٠‫ٓس جُط‬ِٞ‫ جُٔؼ‬٠ُ‫ِ٘ح ج‬ٚٝ ٕ‫ ذؼى أ‬ٝ
.‫س ٖٓ جٍُْحُس‬٤ٗ‫ جُلوٍز جُػح‬ٟ‫ أ‬second paragraph ٖٓ

The third paragraph of the letter:

‫ح‬ٜٗ‫ٍ أ‬ٞ‫غ إٔ ٗو‬٤‫ ٗٓطط‬ٝ ‫س جٍُْحُس‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ it‟s the last paragraph ٠ٛ ٝ ‫جُلوٍز جُػحُػس‬
.‫ نحضٔس جٍُْحُس‬٠ٛ closing that ends the letter
A gain the third paragraph is consider as a closing that ends the
letter with points and sentences such as requesting an early reply
or promising further assistance …..Etc.
٠‫ ئُن‬........‫ػنى ذحُٔٓنحػىز‬ٝ ‫ ئػطنحء‬ٝ‫غ أ‬٣ٍ‫ ٌو ْن‬٠‫ ٓػَ ٗطٔ٘ن‬ٚ٘٤‫ ٓؼ‬٠‫ٕ ذ٘وح‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٤‫ك‬
ٖ‫ ٓن‬٠ٜ‫ ذإٔ جٌُحضد جٗط‬٠‫ق‬ٞ‫ جُوٍز جُػحُػس ض‬٠‫ جُهحضٔس ك‬٠‫ٕ جُؼرحٌز ك‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫ ئيج‬.ٍٙ‫آن‬
ٚ‫ هلِنن‬ٝ‫ ػٔننَ جُهحضٔننس أ‬ٝ ‫ع‬ٞ‫نن‬ُٞٞٔ‫ننس ج‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٖ‫وطننٍخ ٓنن‬٣ ٞ‫نن‬ٜ‫ ك‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطننح‬ٝ ,‫ًطحذننس جٍُْننحُس‬
.‫ع جٍُْحُس‬ُٞٞٞٔ
29
The body of the letter consists of thee paragraphs.
The first paragraph :
Is the opening, and the salutation and it should give the reader an
idea about what is the main idea and the subject of the letter. And
what is the purpose also?
The second paragraph:
Represents the core of the letter and it contains information or
facts that make the reader take action according to.
The third paragraph:
It consider as a finishing sentence before the complimentary
clause. And it indicates to the reader that the letter is about to
finish.

.ْٜ٤ِ‫ؿد إٔ ضًٍُ ػ‬٣ ‫غس كوٍجش‬٬‫٘ح غ‬٣‫جيج ُى‬

ٞ‫نن‬ٛ ‫ء كٌننٍز ػننٖ ٓننح‬ٌٟ‫ء جُوننح‬٠‫ؿنند إٔ ضؼطنن‬٣ ٝ .‫ننس‬٤‫ننٖٔ جُطك‬ٟ‫ ضط‬٠‫نن‬ٛ ٝ :‫اىفقرررح األوىررى‬
‫ ٖٓ جٍُْحُس؟‬ٍٜ‫ جُـ‬ٞٛ ‫ ٓح‬ٝ .‫ع جٍُْحُس‬ٞٞٞٓ
٠‫ جُطن‬ٝ .‫ ٍُِْنحُس‬٠‫ٓن‬٤‫ء جٍُت‬٠‫ جُٗن‬ٞٛ ‫ٓح‬ٝ ‫ جٍُْحُس‬ٟٞ‫ٖٔ ٓكط‬ٟ‫ ضط‬٠ٛ ٝ :‫اىفقرح اىخبّيخ‬
ٝ‫ننىف أ‬ٜ‫ٖ ذ‬٤‫ع ٓؼنن‬ٞ‫نن‬ٞٞٓ ٝ‫ قوننحتن أ‬ٝ‫ٓننحش أ‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬information or facts ٖٔٔ‫نن‬ٟ‫ضط‬
So the reader should take an action .َ‫ّ ذنٍو كؼن‬ٞ‫ون‬٣ ‫ء‬ٌٟ‫ إٔ جُونح‬ٍٜ‫ذـن‬
according to the information or the fact in it.
.‫ح‬ٜ‫ط‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠ِ‫ٌٖص ػ‬ٝ‫ إٔ جٍُْحُس أ‬٠ُ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ جٖحٌز ئ‬٠ٛ ٝ :‫اىفقرح اىخبىخخ‬
the most ٌَٗ٣ ٚٗ‫ يًٍٗح ج‬ًُٟ‫ ج‬ٝ body of the letter ‫٘ح ٖٓ ًطحذس‬٤ٜ‫ٕ ذؼى إٔ جٗط‬٥‫ج‬
.‫ظ كوٍجش‬٬‫ٕ ٖٓ غ‬ٌٞ‫ط‬٣ ًُٟ‫ ج‬ٝ important part of the letter
‫ جٍُْنننحُس كحُنننـ‬ًٙ‫ننن‬ٛ ْ‫نننى إٔ ٗهنننط‬٣ٍٗ ٕ٥‫ كنننح‬complimentary clause ٠‫ جُننن‬٠‫ٗنننأض‬
.‫ نحضٔس جٍُْحُس‬٠ٛ complimentary clause
Note the difference between complimentary clause and the third
paragraph of the letter. The third paragraph of the letter should be
as an introduction and it should end to the complimentary clause.
Then the complimentary clause should always follow the third
part of the letter or the third paragraph of the letter.

(7)- The complimentary clause

The last paragraph of the letter should be followed by the
complimentary clause which must match the salutation.
31
ٝ‫نس أ‬٤ٓ‫ جٍُْنحُس جُهطح‬٠‫ن‬ٛ ٝ ‫ ذؼنى نحضٔنس جٍُْنحُس‬complimentary clause ‫ جُنـ‬٠‫ضنأض‬
ٖ٤‫جكنن ٓنح ذن‬ٞ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫نى‬٤‫ ض٘نحؿْ ؾ‬good match ‫٘نحى‬ٛ ٕٞ‫ٌن‬٣ ٕ‫ؿند أ‬٣ ٚ‫جٗطرن‬.‫س‬٤ٓ‫جُؿِٔس جُهطح‬
.‫ جُهحضٔس‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ج‬
According to the complimentary clause there are some points
which are better to indicate to:
1- The complimentary close should be typed tow lines space
below the last line of the letter of the final paragraph at the left-
margin (Blocked Style).
ٕ‫ؿند أ‬٣ ‫نس‬٤ٓ‫ جُؿِٔنس جُهطح‬ٝ‫نس أ‬٤ٓ‫ جٍُْنحُس جُهطح‬complimentary clause ‫ جُنـ‬٠‫ئيج ك‬
ٖ‫ٔن‬٣٧‫ جُؿحٗد ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬,‫ح جٍُْحُس‬ٜ‫٘ح ذ‬٤ٜٗ‫ ج‬٠‫ٖ ضكص جُؿِٔس جُػحُػس جُط‬٤‫ضطرغ ذلٍجؽ هىٌز نط‬
‫ جُؿحٗند‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٝ blocked style ‫ٖٔ ٖٓ جٍُْحُس ئيج ً٘ح ٗٓطهىّ جُـ‬٣٧‫حٕٓ ج‬ُٜ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٝ‫أ‬
‫٘نحى‬ٛ ٕٞ‫ٌن‬٣ ٕ‫ؿند أ‬٣ ٖ٤‫ ًِطنح جُكنحُط‬٠‫ كن‬ٝ indented style ‫ٍٓ ئيج ً٘ح ٗٓنطهىّ جُنـ‬٣٧‫ج‬
.ٖ٤‫ نط‬ٌٙ‫ كٍجؽ هى‬tow line space
There should be tow lines space between the third paragraph and
the beginning of the complimentary clause.
2- Only the first letter of the first word is capitalized.
e.g. Yours truly
So in the beginning of the sentence, the first letter in the first word
begins in capital letter.
َ٤‫ ْنر‬٠‫ ػِن‬ٝ .ٍ‫ن‬٤‫ قنٍف ًر‬ٟ‫ أ‬capital letter ‫رنىج ذكنٍف‬٣ ‫ٍ ًِٔنس‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠‫ٍ قنٍف كن‬ٝ‫أ‬
.‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٧‫ٍ جُِـس ج‬٤‫ ذىأ ذكٍف ًر‬Your ‫ ًِٔس‬٠‫ ك‬Y ‫جُٔػحٍ قٍ ف جُـ‬
3- When the name of the company or the firm follows the
complimentary clause it should be typed in capital letter.
Example:
Yours faithfully
LUNAR DEVELOPMENT CO.LTD.

CO= company and LTD= lited

‫ ًٔنح‬.‫نٍز‬٤‫ؿد إٔ ضطرغ ذنأقٍف ًر‬٤‫س ك‬٤ٓ‫ جُٔإْٓس جُؿِٔس جُهطح‬ٝ‫طرغ جْْ جًٍُٗس أ‬٣ ‫ػ٘ىٓح‬
‫ ذنى إٔ ٌٗطند‬٫ )‫س جٍُْنحُس‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ (ك‬ِٙ‫وي جُٔه‬٣‫ى‬ٚ ‫ ذؼى ًِٔس‬٠٘‫ ذٔؼ‬.‫ جُٔػحٍ جُٓحذن‬٠‫ك‬
َ‫ ضؿنى إٔ ًن‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔػنحٍ ٓنٍز أنن‬٠‫ جٗظنٍ ئُن‬. capital letters ‫ جُٔإْٓنس‬ٝ‫جْْ جُٗنًٍس أ‬
in ‫ ًطنند‬LUNAR DEVELOPMENT CO. LTD. ‫أقننٍف جْننْ جُٗننًٍس‬
٠‫ٕ هحٌذ٘ح ػِن‬٥‫ٕ ج‬ٌٞٗ ٖ‫س قحٍ ٗك‬٣‫ آ‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٝ ٍٝ٧‫ جُكٍف ج‬١‫ّ كو‬٤ُ ٝ capital letter

30
‫جٗ‪ٜ‬حء جُكِوس جُػحُػس ٖٓ ‪ًٛ‬ج جُٔ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ع‪ ٝ .‬ذون‪ ٠‬ذؼن‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ػحش جُطن‪ ٠‬ضٗنٌَ ج‪٧‬ؾنُجء‬
‫جٍُتٓ‪٤‬س ٍُِْحُس‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬هرَ نطحّ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُكِوس أ‪ٝ‬و إٔ أيًٍ أٗ‪ ٚ‬ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس جُػحُػس هى ضطٍه٘ح جُن‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬ؾنُجء جٍُتٓن‪٤‬س‬
‫ٍُِْحُس ‪ ٝ‬قٌ‪٘٤‬ح ػٖ ْرؼس أؾُجء ‪ ٖٓ ٌُٖ ٝ ٖ٤ٜٔٓ ًِْٜ ٝ‬أ‪ ْٛ‬ضِي ج‪٧‬ؾنُجء ‪body of‬‬
‫‪ ٝ the letter‬جًُ‪٣ ٟ‬طٌ‪ ٖٓ ٕٞ‬غ‪٬‬ظ كوٍجش‪ ٝ.‬ذ‪٘٤‬ح ‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼنس ‪ٝ‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬نس ًنَ كونٍز‪ .‬ك‪ٟ‬نٍ‪ٌٟٝ‬‬
‫ؾىج إٔ ضوٍأ‪ٛ‬ح ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ض٘طر‪ٜٞ‬ج جُ‪ٓ ٠‬وىجٌ جُلٍجؽ ٓح ذ‪ ٝ item ًَ ٖ٤‬جًُ‪ٚ٤ِ٣ ٟ‬‬
‫‪ٚٝ‬نن‪ ٫ٞ‬جُنن‪ ٠‬جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬ننغ‪ ٝ .‬ذحُطننحُ‪ ٠‬آنننٍ ٗوطننس ‪ٛٝ‬نن‪ signature ٠‬أ‪ ٟ‬جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬ننغ‪ .‬أ‪ ٟ‬ض‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬ننغ‬
‫جٍُْحُس ‪ًِ٘ ٝ‬ح ‪٣‬ؼٍف أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س ض‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ جٍُْحُس‪.‬‬
‫‪(8)- Signature‬‬

‫‪The signature is always done by the hand in (blue) ink.‬‬

‫‪٣‬ؿد ك‪ٌْ ٠‬حتَ ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ ذٍؿْ إٔ جٍُْنحُس ضٌن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬طر‪ٞ‬ػنس ٌُنٖ ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ ٕٞ‬جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬نغ‬
‫ذه‪ ١‬جُ‪٤‬ى ‪ٌٓ ٝ‬ط‪ٞ‬خ ذحُكرٍ ج‪ٌَ٧‬م‪٠ٌُ As a proof that the letter is original .‬‬
‫ضػرص إٔ جٍُْحُس أ‪٤ِٚ‬س‪ ٝ .‬ذحُٔ٘حْرس ُ‪ ٞ‬ذؼط٘ح‪ٛ‬ح ‪ scanner‬ك‪٤‬ؿد إٔ ضٌن‪ٞٓ ٕٞ‬هؼنس ذهن‪١‬‬
‫جُ‪٤‬نى ‪ ٝ‬ذنحُكرٍ ج‪ٌَ٧‬م ‪٫.‬قنع جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬نغ ػنحوز ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬نح ذن‪the complimentary ٖ٤‬‬
‫‪ٓ ٝ clause‬ح ذ‪ٓ ٖ٤‬ػ‪ yours faithfully ٬‬أ‪. Mrs. Nadi Banna ٝ‬‬
‫‪The authorized person signs within the space between the‬‬
‫‪complimentary clause and the designation.‬‬
‫كحُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ ػحوز ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪٣‬أض‪ ٠‬ك‪ٛٗ ٠‬ق جٍُٔذنغ ج‪٧‬ذن‪ٓ ٝ٤‬نح ذن‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪٧‬غن‪٣ ٝ ٖ٤‬ؿند إٔ ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫ًٔح يًٍٗح ذه‪ ١‬جُ‪٤‬ى‪.‬‬

‫‪Your faithfully‬‬
‫‪Mrs. Nadia Banny‬‬

‫‪So the authorized person signs within the space between the‬‬
‫‪complimentary clause and the designation. (About mention the‬‬
‫‪position on the business letter) if a woman likes to indicate to her‬‬
‫‪marital status she may add (miss) or (Ms.) to her name.‬‬
‫جيج ُ‪ ٞ‬أٌجوش ًحضرس جٍُْحُس إٔ ضر‪٠ ٖ٤‬ر‪٤‬ؼس قحُط‪ٜ‬ح ج‪٫‬ؾطٔحػ‪٤‬س ‪ٛ‬نَ ‪ٛ‬ن‪ٓ ٠‬طُ‪ٝ‬ؾنس أ‪ ٝ‬ؿ‪٤‬نٍ‬
‫ٓطُ‪ٝ‬ؾس كٔنٖ جٌُٔٔنٖ إٔ ضٌطند ج‪ٓٗ٥‬نس أ‪ ٝ‬جُٓن‪٤‬ىز أ‪ ٝ‬جُن‪ ٠‬آننٍز‪٣ ٝ .‬ؿند إٔ ض‪ٞ‬هنغ ‪ٛ ٝ‬نًج‬
‫ٓطٍ‪ٝ‬ى ُ‪ٜ‬ح ‪٠‬رؼح‪.‬‬
‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس ٗ‪ َٛ‬جُ‪ٜٗ ٠‬ح‪٣‬س ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُكِوس ػِ‪ ٠‬أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس جُوحوٓس ئٕ ٖحء‬
‫هللا‪ .‬جُ‪ ٠‬يُي جُك‪ ٖ٤‬وٓطْ ك‪ ٠‬قلع هللا ‪ٌ ٝ‬ػح‪٣‬طس ‪ ٝ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحضس‪.‬‬

‫‪32‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىراثعخ‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس‪ ,‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحضس‪ .‬أ‪ ٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌنْ كن‪ ٠‬جُكِونس جٍُجذؼنس‬
‫ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْن‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬نس ذحُِـنس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس‪ ٝ .‬كن‪ ٠‬جُكِونس جُٓنحذوس ض٘ح‪ُ٘ٝ‬نح ‪the main‬‬
‫‪ parts of the letter‬ج‪٧‬ؾنُجء جٍُت‪ٓ٤‬ن‪٤‬س ٍُِْنحُس ‪ ٝ‬ضٌِٔ٘نح ػنٖ ْنرغ أؾنُجء ٌت‪ٓ٤‬ن‪٤‬س‬
‫ٍُِْننحُس جذطننىجءج ٓننٖ ‪ٓ ٝ letter head‬ننٍ‪ٌٝ‬ج ذننـ ‪ reference‬غننْ جُ نـ ‪ date‬غننْ جُننـ‬
‫‪ ٝ salutation‬ذؼى‪ٛ‬ح ‪ ٞٛ ٝ the body of the letter‬ؾْٓ جٍُْحُس ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٫‬كططحق‪٤‬س غنْ‬
‫ذؼى يُي ‪ ٝ the complimentary clause‬ج‪ٗ ٕ٥‬أض‪ ٠‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جُؿنُء ج‪٧‬ن‪٤‬نٍ ٓنٖ جٍُْنحُس‬
‫‪ the signature ٞٛ ٝ‬جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ‪.‬‬
‫أهَيخ اىتىقيع‪:‬‬
‫ْرن إٔ ذ‪٘٤‬ح أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوحش جُٓحذوس ‪ ٝ‬هِ٘ح إٔ جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬ذه‪ ١‬جُ‪٤‬ى‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ذحُكرٍ ج‪ٌَ٧‬م‪ًٛ ٝ .‬ج ‪٣‬ػرص إٔ جٍُْحُس ٗٓهس أ‪٤ِٚ‬س أ‪ٌْ ٝ‬حُس أ‪٤ِٚ‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪The signature is always done by the hand in blue ink as a proof‬‬
‫‪that the letter is original. The authorized person signs within the‬‬
‫‪space between the complimentary clause and the designation.‬‬
‫?‪What is the meaning of designation‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؼ٘‪ ٠‬جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جُٔه‪ ٍٞ‬ذنحُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ ػِن‪ ٠‬جٍُْنحُس ‪ٞ٣‬هنغ كن‪ ٠‬جُلنٍجؽ أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ٘طونس ذن‪ ٖ٤‬جُهحضٔنس‬
‫‪ ٝ complimentary clause‬جُنـ ‪ٛ ٝ designation‬نن‪ ٠‬ضٗن‪ ٍ٤‬جُنن‪ ٠‬جْنْ جُٔ‪ٞ‬هننغ أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪ ًٍُٓ position‬جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جًُ‪ً ٟ‬طد جٍُْحُس‪ .‬ئيج ٓحيج ضؼ٘‪ًِٔ ٠‬س ‪ designation‬؟‬
‫?‪What does the word designation mean‬‬
‫جٗ‪ٜ‬ح ضؼ٘‪ ٠‬جُـ ‪٫. position or business title‬قع ًٍُٓ أ‪ ٝ‬ػ٘‪ٞ‬جٕ جُؼَٔ جًُ‪٣ ٟ‬ون‪ّٞ‬‬
‫ذنن‪ٛ ٚ‬ننًج جُٗننه‪ٓ ٝ .ٙ‬ننٖ جٌُٔٔننٖ إٔ ‪ٞ٣‬هننغ جٍُْننحُس جٓننٍجءز أ‪ٌ ٝ‬ؾننَ أ‪ ٟ‬إٔ جُٗننه‪ٙ‬‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞ‬ظق ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬جٍٓجءز أ‪ٌ ٝ‬ؾَ‪ .‬ئيج ًحٗص ض‪ٞ‬هغ جٍُْحُس آٗٓس أ‪٤ْ ٝ‬ىز ك‪٤‬ؿد إٔ ضٗ‪ ٍ٤‬جُ‪٠‬‬
‫أٗ‪ٜ‬ح ٓطُ‪ٝ‬ؾس أ‪ ٝ‬ؿ‪ٓ ٍ٤‬طُ‪ٝ‬ؾس ٖٓ ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُِود جًُ‪ ٟ‬ضكِٔ‪.ٚ‬‬
‫‪٫‬قنننع إٔ جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬نننغ ‪ٚ your faithfully‬نننى‪٣‬وٌْ جُٔهِننن‪ ٙ‬أ‪ً ٝ‬نننًج ‪ٛ‬نننًج ‪ٔ٣‬ػنننَ جُنننـ‬
‫‪ complimentary clause‬جُؿِٔس جُهطحٓ‪٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬نحضٔس جٍُْحُس‪ .‬غنْ ذؼنى يُني ٗٗن‪ ٍ٤‬جُن‪٠‬‬
‫جْْ جُٔ‪ٞ‬هغ ‪ ٝ‬جُـ ‪ position‬جًُ‪ٗ٣ ٟ‬ـِ‪ ٚ‬جًُ‪ٗ٣ ٟ‬ـِ‪ٛ ٚ‬نًج جُٗنه‪ ٝ .ٙ‬جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬نغ ‪٣‬نأض‪ ٠‬ذن‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫جُطنٍك‪ ٖ٤‬كن‪ ٠‬جٍُٔذنغ ج‪٧‬ذن‪ .ٝ٤‬ذن‪your faithfully and Mrs. Nadia Banna ٖ٤‬‬
‫جُ‪ ٠‬آنٍ‪ .ٙ‬ئيج ‪ًٛ‬ج ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ‪ٗ ٝ .‬طًًٍ غحٗ‪٤‬ح إٔ جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ ‪ ٫‬ذى إٔ ‪ٌٕٞ٣‬‬
‫‪ Hand-written in blue ink‬ذه‪ ١‬جُ‪٤‬ى ‪ ٝ‬ذحُِ‪ ٕٞ‬ج‪ٌَ٧‬م‪.‬‬

‫‪33‬‬
When someone signs on behave of the term "per pro" (p.p) is used
and means for and on behaves.

Yours faithfully

p.p Azzam Amin

Managing Director

ٍ‫نى‬٣ ٍ‫ن‬ٛ‫ًج ٓهط‬ٛ ٝ p.p ‫غ‬ٞٝ ‫ جٍُٔذغ‬٠‫ قع ك‬٫ .ٍ‫َ جُٔػح‬٤‫ ْر‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬٠٘‫حذس ػٖ" ضؼ‬٤ٗ"
ٞ‫ن‬ٛ manger director ٝ .ٖ٤‫حذنس ػنٖ ػنُجّ أٓن‬٤ٗ (for and on behave on) ٠‫ػِن‬
‫٘نس‬٤‫ٍ ُنىجتٍز ٓؼ‬٣‫ ٓنى‬ٟ‫قنع أ‬٫ ‫ ئيج‬.ٖ٤‫ ػُجّ أٓن‬ٝ ٙ‫ًج جُٗه‬ٛ ِٚ‫ٗـ‬٣ ًُٟ‫ ج‬position ‫جُـ‬
‫ جُٔؼحِٓنس‬٠‫نَ كن‬ٚ٧‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ذحُطنح‬ٝ ٚ‫ش ُِ٘حتند ضرؼن‬٬ٓ‫ جُٔؼح‬ٝ‫غ ذؼ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫حش ض‬٤‫ق‬٬ٚ ٜٞ‫ل‬٣ ‫هى‬
‫ٕ ٓـحوٌُنًج هنى‬ٞ‫ٌن‬٣ ‫ٍ ًًجُي هى‬٣‫جُٔى‬ٝ ‫ جؾحَز‬٠‫ٕ ك‬ٌٞ٣ ‫ٍ هى‬٣‫ ٌُٖ جُٔى‬,ٍ٣‫هغ ٖٓ جُٔى‬ٞ‫إٔ ض‬
ٝ slash ‫نغ‬ٟٗ ‫نس‬٤‫ ٗكنٖ ػ٘نى ًطحذط٘نح ذحُِـنس جُؼٍذ‬ٝ .‫غ ضِني جٍُْنحُس‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ ض‬٠‫ ك‬ٚ‫ ٗحتر‬ٜٞ‫ل‬٣
‫هنغ‬ٞ٣ ًٟ‫ جُن‬ٙ‫نغ جْنْ جُٗنه‬ٟٗ ْ‫س غن‬٠ٍٖ ‫غ‬ٟٗ ٝ "ٚ٘‫حٗح ٌٗطد "ػ‬٤‫ أق‬ٝ ‫س جُٔحتِس‬٠ٍُٗ‫ج‬
ٍ٣‫َ ُ٘حتند جُٔنى‬ٞ‫ؿن‬٤‫ٍ جُؼحّ ك‬٣‫ جُٔى‬ٞٛ ‫هغ‬ٞ٣ ًُٟ‫٘ح إٔ ج‬ٍٞ‫ جكط‬ُٞ ٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ .ًٍُٙٓ ٝ ‫جٍُْحُس‬
ٌ‫ح‬ٛ‫نط‬٩‫ًج ج‬ٛ ‫ ذى إٔ ٌٗطد‬٫ ٌُٖ ‫ء‬٠ُٗ‫س ٗلّ ج‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ جُِـس ج‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ .ٚ٘‫هغ ػ‬ٞ٣ ٕ‫جُؼحّ أ‬
‫نغ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ جُط‬ٝ .ٖ‫حذنس ػن‬٤ٗ for and on behave ٖ‫ ػرنحٌز ػن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ per pro ‫ونٍأ‬٣ ٝ p.p
‫ْْ ضكص‬٫‫ ٌُٖ أٓح ج‬yours faithfully ٖ٤‫ ذ‬ٝ complimentary clause ٖ٤‫ٕ ذ‬ٌٞ٣
.ٖ‫حذس ػ‬٤ٗ ‫ح‬ٛ‫ ٓؼ٘ح‬ٝ p.p ‫غ‬ٟٗ
ٖ‫ٕ ضٌِٔ٘ح ػ‬٥‫ جُطِرس ٗكٖ ج‬٠‫ج أػُجت‬ٞ‫قظ‬٫ ‫ئيج‬
What are the main parts of the letter are and as we mentioned
before that any letter contains two groups. The main parts of the
letter and we gave them (A) or we call them (A). And B, are the
secondary parts of the business letter.
.‫س‬٣ٞٗ‫ؾُجء جُػح‬٧‫ٍ ؾُء ٖٓ ج‬ٝ‫قع أ‬٫

(B) THE SECONDARY PARTS OF THE LETTER

1- Your reference

ٖ‫ ْنحذوح ٓن‬٠‫ أضط٘ن‬ٍٟ‫ ٌْنحُس أنن‬٠‫ٕ ٌو ػِن‬ٞ‫ ػحوز ضٌن‬٠ٜ‫ أٗح ػ٘ىٓح جذطىأ ٌْحُس ك‬:ٌْ‫ٍٓؾؼ‬
ٕ‫ ْنرن أ‬ٝ .‫س‬٣‫و‬ٞ‫نس جُٓنؼ‬٤‫ جٌُِٔٔنس جُؼٍذ‬٠‫ٌو كن‬ٞ‫ أٗنح ٓٓنط‬,ٍ‫َ جُٔػنح‬٤‫ ْنر‬٠‫ ػِن‬.ٖ٤‫ٌٓحٕ ٓؼ‬
34
‫ ضِني‬٠‫نى إٔ أٌو ػِن‬٣ٌ‫ أٗح أ‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ْ‫ ضكَٔ ٌه‬,٬‫ٖ ٓػ‬٤ُٛ‫و ٖٓ ج‬ُُٝٔ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ذؼػص ٌْحُس ج‬
ٝ‫نس ٌٗطند ًطنحذٌْ أ‬٤‫ كن٘كٖ ذحُِـنس جُؼٍذ‬.ٌْ‫ ٍٓؾؼ‬reference ‫غ‬ٞ‫ أٗح أ‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ .‫جٍُْحُس‬
‫ى جٕ أٌو‬٣ٌ‫ أٗح ػ٘ىٓح أ‬.‫ جٍُٔؾغ‬reference ٖ‫ ػرحٌز ػ‬ٞٛ ًُٟ‫نطحذٌْ ذٍهْ ًًج جٍُهْ ج‬
ْ‫نغ ٌهن‬ٞ‫ أ‬ٝ your reference ٍٞ‫نس أهن‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ ذحُِـنس ج‬ٝ ٌْ‫ ًطنحذ‬٠‫ٍ ذ٘نحء ػِن‬ٞ‫ أهن‬ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬
the ‫قنع‬٫ .َ‫ن‬٤ِ‫ ٓنٖ ذؼنى ه‬ٍٟ٘‫ ًٔنح ْن‬our reference ‫نح‬ٜ‫نغ ضكط‬ٞ‫ أ‬ٝ ْٜ‫جٌُطنحخ ضنرؼ‬
ْ‫ غن‬٫ٝ‫ٕ أ‬ٞ‫ٌن‬٣ ٕ‫ؿند أ‬٣ addresses reference where know is typed first
but since the reference is mentioned ٌُٖ ٝ our reference ‫ٌٗطد ذؼى يُي‬
٠‫ كن‬...... ‫ ٌُنٖ ػ٘نىٓح ضنًًٍ جٍُٔؾنغ‬ٝ in the context of the first paragraph
.ّ‫ْطهىج‬٧‫ٍ ٖحتغ ج‬٤‫ًج ؿ‬ٛ ٌُٖ ٝ ٠ُٝ٧‫جُلوٍز ج‬
It's not commonly used. Example:
Your ref: AL/98
.ٍٝ٫‫ْْ ج‬٫‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ٍ ج‬٤ٗ٣ A ‫ ككٍف‬ٙ‫ٍ أقٍف جُٗه‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠ُ‫ٍ ج‬٤ٗ‫ ض‬Al ‫ج‬ًًٍٝ‫ ضط‬ُٞ
The letter (A) indicates to the first name of the person who send
the letter or the person who signed the letter. But the second letter
(L) May be indicate to the father's name or the family name or the
second name.
‫ج‬ًًٍٝ‫ ضن‬ٝ ٠ٗ‫ْْ جُػنح‬٧‫ٍ ٖٓ ج‬ٝ٧‫ جُكٍف ج‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠ٗ‫ْْ جُػح‬٧‫ جُكٍف ج‬٠ُ‫ٍ ج‬٤ٗ٣ L ‫جيج قٍف‬
٠ُ‫ٍ ذًُي ج‬٤ٗٗ ٝ 3228 ‫ غْ ٌٗطد‬slash ‫غ‬ٟٗ AL ‫ ذؼى‬ٝ capital letters ‫ٌطد‬٣ ٚٗ‫ج‬
‫٘ح‬٣‫ ُنى‬٠‫ جٍُْنحُس جُطن‬ُٚ ‫ ٌهْ جٌُطحخ جُطحذؼس‬ٞٛ ًُٟ‫ ٍٓؾؼ٘ح ج‬Our reference .‫ٌهْ جُٓ٘س‬
what is the number of the current letter? current letter ‫ح‬٤ُ‫قح‬
What is the reference of the current letter?
ّ‫ ٗلنن‬our reference ‫ ئيج‬ٍٟ‫ ٌْننحُس أننن‬٠‫ٕ ٌوج ػِنن‬٥‫ننح ج‬ٜ‫ أٗننح أًطر‬٠‫ٌهننْ جٍُْننحُس جُطنن‬
ٙ‫ًج جُٗه‬ٛ position ٝ ْْ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ‫ ض‬ٝ . slash ‫ح‬ٜ٤ٔٓٗ ٝ )/( ‫و‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٝ ‫قع‬٫ .‫س‬٤ِٔ‫جُؼ‬
.ٍٝ٧‫ جُؿُء ج‬secondary part of the letter ‫طؼِن ذحُـ‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ًج ك‬ٛ .‫ًحضد جٍُْحُس‬

2- Mailing reference:

Any mailing instruction which have been shown and the nature of
this letter which have to be shown on the envelope. Should be
typed on the letter immediately above the inside address.
ٝ‫ أ‬post office ‫جء‬ٞ‫ ْن‬ٍٟ‫ؿند إٔ ضن‬٣ ٠‫ جُطن‬ٝ ‫نس‬٣‫ى‬٣ٍ‫ٔنحش ذ‬٤ِ‫ ضؼ‬ٟ‫ أ‬:ٟ‫نى‬٣ٍ‫جٍُٔؾنغ جُر‬
ٕ‫نى أ‬٣ٍٗ ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٣‫ جُنى‬٠‫نَ ئُن‬ٛ‫ ئٕ جٍُْنحُس ُٔنح ض‬.ٍ‫جٕ قٓند جُٔػنح‬ٞ٣‫ جُنى‬٠‫ٖ كن‬٣ًُ‫ٖهح٘ ج‬٧‫ج‬
‫٘نس‬٤‫ٕ ٓر‬ٞ‫ؿد إٔ ضٌن‬٤‫ ك‬.‫ح‬ٜ٤ِ‫خ ػ‬ٞ‫ء ٌٓط‬٠ٖ ٟ‫ أ‬ٝ ‫ جٍُْحُس‬ًٙٛ ‫ؼس‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٝ ‫ٌطد‬٣ ‫ٗؼٍف ٓحيج‬

35
٠‫ ضؼ٘ن‬٠‫ن‬ٛ ٝ personal ‫نؼ٘ح ًِٔنس‬ٞٝ ‫قنع‬٫ .‫ جٍُْنحُس‬ًٙ‫ن‬ُٜ ‫ جُظنٍف‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬,‫ جُٔـِق‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
.ٍٙ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫ج‬........ ٝ‫ ؾىج أ‬ٍْٟ ٝ‫ أ‬٠ٛ‫ٖه‬
mail classification َ٤ُٔ‫لحش ج‬٤٘ٛ‫ض‬
the envelope, which indicates to ‫ جُـ‬٠ِ‫ح ػ‬ٜ‫ ضٌطر‬٠‫ٌٖحٍ جُط‬٧‫ ج‬٠٘‫قع ٓحيج ضؼ‬٫
the nature of the letter.
SECRET: it should be typed in capital letter.
‫قننننع‬٫ ٝ .‫ننننٍز‬٤‫ف ًر‬ٍٝ‫ قنننن‬capital letter ‫ننننح‬ًِٜ PERSONAL ‫قننننع ًِٔننننس‬٫
ٕ‫َ أ‬ٞ‫ؿن‬٣ ٬‫نس كن‬٣‫س ُِـح‬٣ٍ‫ ْن‬ٝ‫س أ‬٣ٍ‫ جٍُْنحُس ْن‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٜ‫نس ك‬٣‫ ُِـح‬ٍٟ‫ ْن‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫ ْن‬SECRET
‫ننننننح‬ٟ٣‫ ج‬ٝ PRIVATE ‫ ًننننننًُي‬ٝ ٚ‫ جٍُْٔننننننِس ُنننننن‬ٙ‫ جُٗننننننه‬٫‫ننننننح ج‬ٜ٤ِ‫طِننننننغ ػ‬٣
ٝ‫غ ؾننىج أ‬٣ٍ‫ ْنن‬URGENT ‫ٓننس‬ٞ‫ ٓهط‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ننح ْنن‬ٟ٣‫ أ‬٠‫ ضؼ٘نن‬ٝ CONFIDENTIAL
ًٙ‫نن‬ٛ َ‫ كٌنن‬.٘‫ننحٍ نننح‬ٛ٣‫ ج‬٠‫ ضؼ٘نن‬ٝ SPECIAL DELIVERY ‫ ًِٔننس‬ٝ .َ‫ٓٓننطؼؿ‬
١‫ذنس ذهن‬ٞ‫ٕ ٌٓط‬ٞ‫ؿند إٔ ضٌن‬٤‫ ك‬.‫ جُٔـِنق‬٠‫ذنس ػِن‬ٞ‫ٕ ٌٓط‬ٞ‫نطِكحش ضٌن‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ ٌٞٓ٧‫ج‬
.ٙ‫ ٖه‬ٟ‫ح ٖٓ أ‬ٜ‫قظط‬٬ٓ ‫س‬٤ِٔ‫َ ػ‬ٜٓ‫ ض‬٠‫ف قط‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ١‫ ذه‬ٝ ٍ٤‫ًر‬
So it indicates to what is the nature of the letter or classified the
main envelope. It should be written on the envelope and the sign
of the letter should be easy to be noted by any one.

3- For the attention line:

If you want a certain person to deal with the letter the attention
line is sometimes inserted between the inside and the salutation.
ٖ‫طؼحَٓ ٓغ جٍُْنحُس كن٘ك‬٣ ٕ‫ٖ أ‬٤‫ ٓؼ‬ٙ‫ جيج أٌوش ٖه‬.‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫س ُؼ٘ح‬٤ِ‫ٌطد ػ‬٣ ًُٟ‫ ج‬١‫جُه‬
‫ جُنـ‬ٝ salutation ٖ٤‫ ٓح ذ‬inserted ‫غ‬ٞٞ٣ ٝ attention line ‫ جُكحُس ٌٗطد‬ًٙٛ ٠‫ك‬
.‫ ٍُِْنحُس‬main part of the letter ‫ِس‬٤ٌ‫نق ًحٗنص ضٗن‬٤ً ‫ج‬ًًٍٝ‫ ض‬. inside address
٠‫ ػِن‬ٝ‫ ػٗنٍ ٗوطنس أ‬ٟ‫ٕ ٓنٖ جقنى‬ٌٞ‫ ضط‬٠ٛ ٝ ‫ٓس‬٣ٍٝ‫ جُط‬٠ٛ ٝ letter head ‫م ضٌطد‬ٞ‫ك‬
‫ ًٔنح‬ٝ date ْ‫ غ‬reference ‫ غْ ذؼى يُي جُـ‬.‫ ػٍٗ ٗوطس‬ٟ‫قى‬٧‫ أًػٍ ٖٓ ج‬ٝ‫جقىز أ‬ٝ َ‫ه‬٧‫ج‬
.‫يًٍٗح‬
The reference should be written on the top left-hand of the letter
and the date should be written there.
.ٍٟٓ٤ُ‫ح ج‬٤ِ‫س جُؼ‬٣ٝ‫ جُُج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬reference ‫ جُـ‬ٝ ‫ح‬٤ِ‫ جُؼ‬٠٘ٔ٤ُ‫س ج‬٣ٝ‫ جُُج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬date ‫ئيج جُـ‬
The inside address, should be written below the reference or the
date with leaving three lines space.
‫ ٌْنحُس‬٠‫ن‬ٛ ٝ salutation ‫ جُنـ‬٠‫ ئُن‬٠‫ح ضنأض‬ٛ‫ ذؼنى‬ٝ the inside address ‫ئيج ضٌطد جُنـ‬
the body of the letter which should consist ‫س غْ ذؼى يُي‬٤‫ر‬٤‫س جُطٍق‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ج‬
36
‫ظ‬٬‫ هحػنىز جُنػ‬three paragraphs rule ٝ‫ح جُنرؼ‬ٜ٤ٔ‫ٓن‬٣ ٝ three paragraphs,
ٖ‫نغ ًٔنح يًٍٗنح ٓن‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫نٍج جُط‬٤‫ أن‬complimentary clause ‫ غْ ٗهطْ جٍُْنحُس ذنـ‬.‫كوٍجش‬
.َ‫كر‬
For the attention line. If you want a certain person to deal with the
letter he or she attention line is sometimes inserted between the
inside address and the salutations.
٠‫ ك‬inside address and the salutation ٖ٤‫غ ذ‬ٞٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٤‫ى ك‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫ ُؼ٘ح‬٠ٛ ٝ
.ٍٟ‫ ًح ض‬ٝ٤‫ذ‬٧‫جٍُٔذغ ج‬

e.g Princess Sarvath College

P.O. BOX 3179

For the attention; Miss Khawla Qawasmi

This form of addresses will ensure that the person is dealing with
the subject. And will have the letter brought to his notice.
‫ؼنننس‬٤‫ر‬٠ ‫ؼنننٍف‬٣ ‫ جٍُْنننحُس‬ًٙ‫ننن‬ٛ ‫ع‬ٞ‫ننن‬ٞٞٓ ‫طؼحٓنننَ ٓنننغ‬٣ ًٟ‫ جُننن‬ٙ‫ٖ إٔ جُٗنننه‬٤ً‫ٕ ٓطنننأ‬ٞ‫ٌٗننن‬
‫نى‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬ٝ ‫كنص‬ُٞ‫كٍ ج‬ٞ‫ن‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ‫رؼح‬٠ ٝ ‫ جٍُْحُس‬ًٙٛ ّ٬‫ ذاْط‬٠٘‫ جُٔؼ‬ٙ‫ جُٗه‬ٞٛ ٝ ‫ع‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ج‬
.‫خ‬ِٞ‫وجء جُٔط‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ َ‫ٗؿح‬٩‫ى ج‬٣ُ٣ ٝ
This will save time as well money and it will increase the
performance.

e.g Princess Sarvath College

P.O. BOX 3179

For the attention; Miss Khawla Qawasmi

‫نس‬٣‫غ ذؼ٘ح‬ٞٝ ‫٘ح‬ٛ ‫قع‬٬‫ ئيج ض‬for the attention Miss Khawla Qawasmi ‫قع‬٫
‫نغ‬ٟ‫قنع ض‬٫ for the attention line ّ‫نق ضٓنطهى‬٤ً ‫نف ئيج‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٠ٔ‫جْن‬ٞ‫ُنس ه‬ٞ‫ىز ن‬٤ُٓ‫ج‬
ٕٞ‫ جُِن‬ٝ fonts ٠ٞ‫ؼنس جُهطن‬٤‫نغ جٍُْنحُس ٓنغ ٓؼٍكنس ذطر‬ٟ‫ضٍ ػ٘نىٓح ض‬ٞ‫ن‬٤‫ جٌُٔر‬٠‫ كن‬line

37
‫ج‪ْٞ٧‬و ‪ ٝ‬جُه‪ ١‬جُٔحتَ ‪ًًُٝ ٝ‬ي جُـ ‪٫ . underscoring‬قنع ذؼنى ‪for the attention‬‬
‫ٗ‪ٟ‬غ ٗوطط‪ٌ ٖ٤٤‬أْ‪٤‬ط‪ ُٓٓ ٖ٤‬ن‪ُٞ‬س ه‪ٞ‬جْٔ‪ ًٙٛ ًَ ٝ ٠‬جُؼرحٌز ‪ٞ ٝ‬ؼ٘ح ضكط‪ٜ‬ح ن‪.١‬‬

‫‪(4)- The subject heading:‬‬

‫‪This states briefly as possible what the letter is about.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪ٞٞ٣‬ف يُي ذ‪٪‬نرنحٌ ذونىٌ ج‪ٌٓ٩‬نحٕ ػنٖ ٓنحيج ضنى‪ ٌٝ‬جٍُْنحُس ‪ٓ ٝ‬نح ‪ٛ‬ن‪ٞٞٓ ٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ع‬
‫جٍُْحُس قط‪ٗ ٠‬كٖ ذحُِـنس جُؼٍذ‪٤‬نس ُن‪ ٞ‬ضطنًًٍ‪ٝ‬ج ػ٘نىٓح ٌٗطند جْنطىػحء أ‪ ٝ‬نطنحخ ٓنػ‪ ٬‬أ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ًطحخ ٌٗطد ( ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‪ً.... ْ٤‬نًج ‪ً ٝ‬نًج ئُن‪ ٠‬جُٗنه‪ ٙ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ؾن‪ ٚ‬ئُ‪٤‬ن‪ ٚ‬ق‪ٟ‬نٍز‬
‫جُٓ‪٤‬ى أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ؼحُ‪ ٠‬جُٓ‪٤‬ى أ‪ًً ٝ‬ج ‪ًً ٝ‬ج جُ‪ ٠‬آنٍ‪ ٙ‬غْ ذؼى يُي ٌٗطد اىَىضىع ‪ِ٠‬د ئؾنحَز أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع ‪ِ٠‬د ضٍه‪٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ع ‪ ....‬ئُن‪ ٠‬آننٍ‪ ٙ‬ك‪ٜ٘‬نح جُنـ ‪ٗ٣ subject heading‬ن‪ٍ٤‬‬
‫جُ‪٠ ٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس ٓ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع جٍُْحُس‪ ٝ ,‬ػٖ ٓحيج ضى‪ ٌٝ‬جٍُْحُس ‪ .‬كحُٔنى‪ًٔ ٍ٣‬نح ٗؼِنْ ‪ٝ‬هطن‪ ٚ‬غٔن‪ٝ ٖ٤‬‬
‫جُٔٓث‪ٝ ٍٞ‬هط‪ ٚ‬غٔ‪ ٝ ٖ٤‬جُٔىٌجء أق‪٤‬حٗح ‪٣‬ل‪ٞٞٞ‬ج جُِٓطحش ًٔح هِ٘ح ٖٓ هرنَ ‪ ٝ‬يًٍٗنح ‪ٝ p.p‬‬
‫جُط‪٤ٗ per pro ٠ٛ ٠‬حذس ػنٖ ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٠‬جُٔنى‪ُ ٍ٣‬ن‪ُ ّ٤‬ى‪٣‬ن‪ٓ ٚ‬طٓنغ ٓنٖ جُ‪ٞ‬هنص ُ‪٤‬ونٍأ ؾٔ‪٤‬نغ‬
‫جٌُطننند جُطننن‪ ٠‬ضأض‪٤‬ننن‪ .ٚ‬ك‪ٜ‬ننن‪ٗٓ ٠‬نننٌِس ‪ information‬كحٓنننح َ‪٣‬نننحوز كننن‪ ٠‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نننحش ‪ ٝ‬ئٓنننح‬
‫‪ ٝ shortage‬ئٓح ٗو‪ٝ ٙ‬ك‪ًِ ٠‬طح جُكحُط‪ ٖ٤‬ك‪ٗٓ ٠ٜ‬نٌِس‪ .‬ئيج ًحٗنص جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نحش جُطن‪ ٠‬ض‪ٛ‬نَ‬
‫َجتىز ك‪ًٜ‬ج ‪٣‬كطحؼ ئُ‪ ٝ ٠‬هص ‪٣ ٝ‬كطحؼ ئُ‪٠ ٠‬حهس ُلٍَ ضِي جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ‪ٓ ٝ‬ح ‪ ٞٛ‬جُٔل‪٤‬ى ٓ٘ح ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٓح ‪ ٞٛ‬ؿ‪ ٍ٤‬جُٔل‪٤‬ى ٓػَ ج‪ َ٤ٓ٩‬ذطحػي ضؿى ك‪ ٚ٤‬جٓ‪٬٤‬ش ًػ‪ٍ٤‬ز ُ‪ٓ٤‬ص ٓل‪٤‬نىز ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٠‬ضؼِٔ‪ٜ‬نح‬
‫‪ ٝ delete‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ضكح‪ ٍٝ‬ضٔ٘ؼ‪ٜ‬ح‪ ٝ .‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ‪٣‬أض‪٤‬ي جٓن‪٬٤‬ش ًػ‪٤‬نٍز ُن‪ ّ٤‬ػ٘نىى ‪ٝ‬هنص ضنىنَ‬
‫ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح‪ .‬كح‪٬٤ٓ٩‬ش جُٔ‪ٜٔ‬س ‪ ٠ٛ‬جُط‪ ٠‬ضطِغ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح‪ .‬ئيج ك‪ ٬‬ذى ٖٓ ‪ٝ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬و آُ‪٤‬س ُلنٍَ جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نحش‬
‫‪ُ ٝ‬لننٍَ جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬ننحش ‪ُ ٝ‬لننٍَ جٍُْننحتَ ‪ ٝ‬جٌُطنند جُطنن‪ ٠‬ض‪ٛ‬ننَ ئُنن‪ ٠‬جُٔننى‪ٝ ٕ٫ ٍ٣‬هننص جُٔننى‪ٍ٣‬‬
‫غٔ‪.ٖ٤‬‬
‫‪Time is money. So you want to save both time and money. And‬‬
‫‪you want save the cost as well in order to increase the total‬‬
‫‪performance, the performance of any manager or any official.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؼ٘‪ٗ ٠‬كٖ ٗكح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ُٗ‪٣‬ى ٖٓ ج‪٧‬وجء ‪ٓ ٟ٫‬ى‪ ٝ ٍ٣‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ضظ‪٘ٛ ٍٜ‬نح ٓٗنٌِس أ‪٤ٔٛ‬نس ًطحذنس‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞٞ‬ننن‪ٞ‬ع‪ ٕ٧ .‬جُٔنننى‪ ٍ٣‬ذٔؿنننٍو إٔ ‪٣‬ونننٍأ جُٔ‪ٞٞ‬ننن‪ٞ‬ع "‪ِ٠‬ننند جؾنننحَز" ٓرحٖنننٍز ‪٣‬كننن‪ٍٞ‬‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع ئُ‪ٗ ٠‬حتر‪ ٚ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ ٠‬جُٓ‪٤‬ى ك‪ ٕ٬‬كِ‪٘ٛ ّ٤‬حى وجع إٔ ‪٣‬وٍأ جٍُْحُس ًحِٓس ن‪ٚٞٛ‬نح‬
‫ئيج ًحٗص جٍُْحُس ٌٓ‪ٗٞ‬س ٖٓ أًػٍ ٖٓ ‪ٚ‬لكس‪ ٝ .‬قط‪ً ُٞ ٠‬حٗص ‪ٚ‬نلكس ‪ٝ‬جقنىز كنحٗظٍ جُن‪٠‬‬
‫ػننىو جٍُْننحتَ جُطنن‪ ٠‬ضأض‪٤‬نن‪ٛ .ٚ‬نن‪ٓ ٞ‬لنن‪ْ ٜٞ‬ننِطحش ‪٣ٍ٣ ٝ‬ننى إٔ ‪ٓ٣‬ننطػٍٔ جُ‪ٞ‬هننص‪ُ .‬ننًج ‪ٛ‬نن‪٣ ٞ‬ونن‪ّٞ‬‬
‫ذطل‪ ٝ٣ٞ‬جُِٓطحش‪ .‬ضؼِٔ‪ ٕٞ‬كٖ ئوجٌز جُ‪ٞ‬هص‪.‬‬
‫‪How to manage the time. As we know it's very important matter‬‬
‫‪so that the subject is very important. And we will find the purpose‬‬
‫‪in the subject heading.‬‬
‫‪38‬‬
 َ‫ٓطكحٕ ٓػ‬٫‫ ج‬٠‫ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ضؿى ْإجٍ ك‬ٝ
What is the purpose of the subject heading?
multiple choice or open question or ‫س‬ٜ‫ث‬٤ٛ ٠ِ‫ ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ضؿى جُٓإجٍ ػ‬ٝ
true or false.
The purpose of the subject heading is to indicate at a glance to the
content of the letter.
ٖ‫ ػن‬ٝ‫نحٌ أ‬٤‫ ػٖ ٓحيج ضنطٌِْ جٍُْنحُس ػنٖ هطنغ ؿ‬ٝ . ‫ جٍُْحُس‬ٟٞ‫ ٓكط‬٠ُ‫ٍ ج‬٤ٗ٣ ٠‫ قط‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣
.spare parts ٖ‫ ػ‬ٝ‫ش أ‬٫‫ آ‬machine ٖ‫ ػ‬ٝ‫هحش أ‬ٟٓ
2- To be assistance when the letter is opened in the mail room and
when the letter is being filled.
٠‫نى جُطن‬٣ٍ‫ ؿٍكنس جُر‬.‫ ُ٘نح‬٠‫نأض‬٣ ًُٟ‫ى ج‬٣ٍ‫ق جُر‬٤٘ٛ‫ ض‬,‫ق‬٤٘ٛ‫ جُط‬ٝ ‫ٌٖلس‬٧‫س ج‬٤ِٔ‫ ػ‬٠‫ضٓحػى ك‬
‫ ضؿنى‬ٝ .ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٣‫ جُى‬٠ٔٓ‫ ًٍٖحض٘ح ض‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ ‫جتٍٗح‬ٝ‫ و‬٠‫ جق٘ح ك‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ .‫س‬٤‫جٕ ذحُِـس جُؼٍذ‬ٞ٣‫ جُى‬٠ٔٓ‫ض‬
ٖ٣ً‫ٖ جُِنن‬٤‫ظل‬ٞ‫ جُٔنن‬ٝ ٍ‫ كحُؼٔننح‬.‫ننٍز‬٤‫٘ننح ٌْننحتَ ًػ‬٤‫جٌو ضأض‬ٞ‫ جُنن‬٠‫ كنن‬ٝ .‫جٌو‬ٞ‫ جُنن‬ٝ ٌ‫ننحو‬ُٛ‫ننح ج‬ٜ٤‫ك‬
٠‫وز كن‬ٞ‫ؾن‬ٞٓ ٕٞ‫ ضٌن‬٠‫ػحش جُطن‬ٞ‫ن‬ُٞٞٔ‫ ج‬٠‫ى ذ٘نحء ػِن‬٣ٍ‫ًج جُر‬ٛ ‫ج‬ٞ‫٘ل‬ٛ٣ ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٣‫ جُى‬٠‫ج ك‬ِٞ‫ٗطـ‬٣
٠‫ كن‬ٝ ‫ٌٖنلس‬٧‫نس ج‬٤ِٔ‫ ػ‬٠‫ٓنحػى كن‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ subject heading ٍ٬‫ ئيج ٖٓ ن‬.َ‫س جٍُْحت‬٣‫ذىج‬
َٜ‫ٓنن‬٣ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطننح‬ٝ َ‫ جُٔٓننطور‬٠‫ننح كنن‬ٜ‫ف ٗكطحؾ‬ٞ‫ ْنن‬٠‫ جُطنن‬ٝ ‫ننغ جٍُْننحُس‬ٟٗ ‫ ِٓننق‬file ٟ‫أ‬
That we may .٬‫نح ئؾنٍجء ٓٓنطور‬ٜ٤ِ‫ف ٗطهنً ػ‬ٞ‫ ْن‬٠‫ جُطن‬ٝ ‫ جٍُْحُس‬ًٙٛ ٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬ُٞٚٞ‫ج‬
ٝ ‫ٌٖنلس‬٫‫ ج‬filling ‫نس‬٤ِٔ‫ ػ‬٠‫ٓنحػى كن‬٣ ‫نًج‬ٛ ‫ ئيج‬take an action upon that letter.
.‫ جُِٔلحش‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬ُٞٚٞ‫ُس ج‬ْٜٞ
The subject heading should be typed tow lines space below the
salutation.
َ‫ٖ ًنن‬٤‫ ٓننح ذنن‬ٍٟ‫ أننن‬ٝ ‫ٗوطننس‬ٝ َ‫ٖ ًنن‬٤‫ قؿننْ جُلننٍجؽ ٓننح ذنن‬٠‫ج ئُنن‬ٞ‫نن‬ٜ‫ جٗطر‬.‫ جُ٘وطننس‬ًٙ‫نن‬ُٜ ‫ج‬ٞ‫نن‬ٜ‫جٗطر‬
‫طرنغ‬٣ ٕ‫ؿند أ‬٣ ‫ع جٍُْنحُس‬ٞ‫ن‬ٞٞٓ . between every item and the next one
‫نس‬٤‫نح جكططحق‬ٜ‫ ذ‬٠‫ؼ٘ن‬٣ salutation ‫ٖ ضكنص جُنـ‬٤‫ ذلنٍجؽ نطن‬tow lines space below
ٝ ٌْ٤‫ّ ػِنن‬٬‫ ػ٘ننىٓح ٌٗطنند جُٓنن‬٬‫ ٓننػ‬.‫ ذؼننى‬ٝ ‫رننس‬٤٠ ‫ننس‬٤‫ ضك‬ٝ‫ننس أ‬٤‫ر‬٤‫ جُؼرننحٌز جُطٍق‬ٝ‫جٍُْننحُس أ‬
‫نس‬٤‫طرنغ ضكنص جُطك‬٣ ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ‫ ئيج‬. salutation ٚ٤ٔ‫نًج ٗٓن‬ٜ‫ ًنًج ك‬ٝ ‫ ًنًج‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٚ‫ ذًٍحضن‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬
tow lines space below the ‫ ضٌطد‬٠ٜ‫ ئيج ك‬. tow lines space ‫ٖ كٍجؽ‬٣ٍ‫ذٓط‬
‫نًج‬ٛ ٖ‫ٌُن‬ٝ ٌٟ‫ جؾرنح‬must ّ٤‫نًج ُن‬ٛ ٝ salutation and may be underlined
.ٌٖٔٓ
In order to give more concentrate on the subject heading you can
put underline under the subject heading as we see in point four.
And the full stop is not necessary at the end of the heading.
ٕ‫ح أ‬٣ٌٍٝٞ ّ٤ُ ٚٗ‫ يُي ج‬٠ُ‫ق ئ‬ٞ‫ ج‬.‫و ضكص جُ٘وطس جٍُجذؼس‬ْٞ‫ أ‬١‫٘حى ن‬ٛ ٕ‫قع أ‬٬‫ًُج ض‬
‫ِند‬٠ ‫ع‬ٞ‫ن‬ُٞٞٔ‫ ٓػنحٍ يُني " ج‬ٝ . heading subject ‫س ؾِٔس جُـ‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ضٓطهىّ ٗوطس ك‬
39
‫ٌْنننحُس" كِننن‪ٖ ّ٤‬نننٍ‪٠‬ح إٔ ض‪ٟ‬نننغ ٗوطنننس ػ٘نننى ًِٔنننس ٌْنننحُس ‪ٌُ٘ ٝ‬ننني ػ٘نننىٓح ضٌطننند ًِٔنننس‬
‫"جُٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع"‬
‫ض‪ٟ‬ـ‪ ١‬ػِ‪ ٝ shift ٠‬جُنٌُ جٍُْٔن‪ ّٞ‬ػِ‪٤‬ن‪ٗ ٚ‬وططن‪ٌ ٖ٤‬أْن‪٤٤‬ط‪ ٖ٤‬كن‪ُٞ ٠‬قنس جُٔلنحض‪٤‬ف ُؼٔنَ‬
‫جُ٘وطط‪ ٖ٤‬جٍُأْ‪٤‬ط‪ .ٖ٤‬ئيج ٓػ‪ ٬‬جُٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع ‪ِ٠‬د جؾحَز كِ‪٠ٍٖ ّ٤‬ح جٕ ض‪ٟ‬غ ٗوطنس ذؼنى ًِنْ‬
‫جؾحَز‪ ًٙٛ ٝ .‬جُطلح‪ َ٤ٚ‬أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس ‪ ٝ‬جُطحُرحش ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ ض٘طر‪ٜ‬ن‪ٞ‬ج ُ‪ٜ‬نح كٔنٖ جٌُٔٔنٖ إٔ‬
‫ضٍ‪ْ ٟ‬إجٍ ك‪ ٠‬ج‪ٓ٧‬طكحٕ ٓػَ‪:‬‬
‫‪True or false:‬‬
‫‪The full stop is necessary at the end of the heading.‬‬
‫كح‪٧‬ؾحذس جُ‪ٛ‬ك‪٤‬كس ضٌ‪ ٝ false ٕٞ‬ػ٘نى جُط‪ٛ‬ك‪ٛ‬ن‪٤‬ف ج‪ٞ‬نق ًِٔنس ‪ not‬ذٔؼ٘ن‪ٓ٤ُ" ٠‬نص"‬
‫ُط‪ٛ‬رف‪:‬‬
‫‪A full stop is not necessary at the end of the heading.‬‬
‫‪Example:‬‬

‫‪Dear sir‬‬
‫‪OUR ORDER NO.2/99‬‬

‫‪Note that it will indicate to the subject heading.‬‬

‫‪٫‬قع ‪ًٛ‬ج كٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع جٍُْحُس ‪ ٞٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ (‪ِ٠‬ر٘ح ٌهْ جغ٘‪ 9 ٖ٤‬ػِ‪ٌ ٠‬هْ ‪ )22‬أػُجت‪٠‬‬
‫جُطِرس ‪ ٝ‬جُطحُرحش ‪ًٌٛ‬ج ٗ‪ َٛ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬نطحّ جُكِوس جٍُجذؼس ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬سػِ‪٠‬‬
‫أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ‪ ٝ .‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحضس‪.‬‬

‫‪41‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبٍضخ‬

, ‫نس جُكِونس جُهحٓٓنس‬٣‫ ذىج‬٠‫ ٍٗقد ذٌْ كن‬ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ جُطِرس ج‬٠‫أػُجت‬
‫ جُؿننُء‬٠‫ضطٍه٘نح ئُن‬ٝ .‫نس ٍُِْنحُس‬٣ٞٗ‫غننس أؾنُجء غح‬٬‫ جُكِونس جُٓنحذوس غ‬٠‫ُ٘نح كن‬ٝ‫ْنرن إٔ ض٘ح‬ٝ
٠‫ٍ ئُنن‬٤‫ٗنن‬٣ ٝ٤‫ذنن‬٫‫ننق إٔ جٍُٔذننغ ج‬٤ًٝ ٍ٣‫هننص جُٔننى‬ٝ ٍ‫ك‬ٞ‫نن‬٣ ٚ‫ جٗنن‬ٚ‫طنن‬٤ٔٛ‫هِ٘ننح إٔ أ‬ٝ ‫جٍُجذننغ‬
.‫س ٍُِْحُس‬٣ٞٗ‫ؾُجء جُػح‬٫‫ٕ جُؿُء جُهحّٓ ٖٓ ج‬٥‫ج‬ٝ ‫ع جٍُْحُس‬ٞٞٞٓ

(5)- The Enlosure:

The fifth part of the secondary parts of the letter is the enclosure
Enclosure: is indicated at the foot of the page below the signature,
the enclosure accompany the letter (document, catalogues, price
list).
.‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ أْلَ ج‬٠‫غ ك‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ ضكص جُط‬ٚ٤ُ‫ٗحٌ ئ‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣
The label method is sometimes adopted, the labels are generally
printed in bright colures.
.‫ٓغ‬٫ٝ ‫ٕ ؾًجخ‬ِٞ‫ ضؼطٔى ػحوز ٓحضطرغ ذ‬٠‫ٗس جُط‬ٞ٘‫وس جُؼ‬٣ٍ٠
What is the purpose of this thing?
‫ٓغ؟‬٫ٝ ‫ٕ ؾًجخ‬ِٞ‫ ٖٓ إٔ ضطرغ ذ‬ٍٜ‫ جُـ‬ٞٛ‫ٓح‬
For two reasons:
1- To remind the typist of enclosure of the document in the
envelop
.‫ جُظٍف‬٠‫ح ك‬ٜ‫ؼ‬ٟ٣ٝ ‫وس‬٤‫غ‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٠ٜ٘٣ ‫ق‬٤ً ‫ًًٍ جُطحذغ‬٤ُ
2- To draw the attention of the person who will open the envelope
that something has been enclosed
)‫حء‬٤ٖ‫ أ‬ٚ‫ إٔ جُظٍف ٍٓكن ذ‬ٟ‫ جُىجنَ(أ‬٠‫ ك‬٠ٖ ‫٘حى‬ٛ ٕ‫ ذأ‬ٙ‫طٔحّ جُٗه‬ٛ‫ ضؿًخ ج‬٠‫قط‬
Note: that the abbreviated form is used (ENC ORENCL)
‫س‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ ك‬٠‫ ػحوز ضحض‬٠ٛٝ ‫حٌ ٌُِِٔس‬ٛ‫نط‬٩‫س ج‬٣‫ ذىج‬٠‫طحٍ ك‬٤‫ف ًحذ‬ٍٝ‫ٓطهىّ ق‬٣ ٚٗ‫قع أ‬٫
.‫جُؿِٔس‬
(6)-Carbon copies:
‫س‬٤ٗٞ‫جُ٘ٓم جٌُحٌذ‬
٠‫ وجنَ جًٍُٗس جٍُْٔنِس ٍُِْنحُس ئُن‬٠‫وجٌز ك‬٩‫ جُٔٓطورَ هى ضِؿأ ج‬٠ُ‫ػ٘ىٓح ضٍَْ ٌْحُس ئ‬
ًٙ‫نن‬ٛ ٖ‫ ًننَ وجتننٍز ٓنن‬٠‫ٖ كنن‬٤‫ننس ٓننٖ أؾننَ جضهننحي ئؾننٍجء ٓؼنن‬٤٘‫نحش جُٔؼ‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠‫ننح ئُنن‬ٜ‫إٔ ضرؼننع ذ‬
.ٍ‫جت‬ٝ‫ جُى‬ًٙٛ ٖٓ ‫ ًَ وجتٍز‬٠ُ‫ذى ٖٓ جٌْحٍ ٗٓهس ئ‬٫ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ٍ‫جت‬ٝ‫جُى‬
40
‫ج‪ٗ ٕ٥‬طٍـ ْإجٍ‪ ,‬ئيج أٌش إٔ جذؼنع ذٍْنحُس ئُن‪ٖ ٠‬نًٍس ٓ‪ٛ‬ن٘ؼس أ‪ٓ ٝ‬نُ‪ٝ‬وز كن‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٛ‬ن‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫ٓننػ‪ٛ ٬‬ننَ ‪٣‬ؿنند إٔ جًطنند ٗٓننهس ئُنن‪ ٠‬جُٔننى‪ ٍ٣‬جُٔننحُ‪ ٠‬أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ننى‪ ٍ٣‬جُٔٗننطٍ‪٣‬حش كنن‪ ٠‬جُ٘ٓننهس‬
‫ج‪٤ِٚ٫‬س؟‬
‫كن‪ ٠‬جٍُْنحُس ج‪ٚ٫‬نِ‪٤‬س ؿحُرنح ‪ ٫‬جًطند ‪ carbon copies‬ذنَ جٗٓنم ‪ٚ‬ن‪ٌٞ‬ز ‪ٝ‬أ‪٠‬رنغ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬نح‬
‫ٗٓهس ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔى‪ ٍ٣‬جُٔحُ‪ ٠‬أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ى‪ ٍ٣‬جُٔٗطٍ‪٣‬حش ‪٣ ٚٗ٧‬ؿد إٔ ‪٣‬طهً جؾٍجء‪.‬‬
‫ٓػ‪ :٬‬ئيج ‪ِ٠‬رص ‪ِ٠‬ر‪٤‬نس ‪٫‬ذنى إٔ جذؼنع ٗٓنهس ئُن‪ٓ ٠‬نى‪ ٍ٣‬جُٔهنحَٕ ٓنٖ أؾنَ إٔ ‪٣‬ؼنٍف ذ‪ٜ‬نح‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُٔى‪ ٟ‬جُُٓ٘‪ ٠‬جًُ‪ْ ٟ‬ط‪ َٛ‬ن‪ ُٚ٬‬ذحُٔٓطورَ ‪ٓٗٝ‬نهس ئُن‪ ٠‬جُٔنى‪ٍ٣‬جُٔحُ‪ ٠‬أ‪ٟ٣‬نح ٓنٖ أؾنَ‬
‫إٔ ‪ٞ٣‬كٍْ‪ُٞ٤‬س ٓحُ‪٤‬س ٓوحذَ جُ‪ٛ‬لوس‪.‬‬
‫‪- Carbon copies:‬‬
‫‪(C.C.) is typed at the bottom left, hand of page, when copies are‬‬
‫‪sent to other people than the recipient.‬‬
‫جٌٍُذ‪ًٞ ٕٞ‬ذ‪ٗ٣ ُ٤‬حٌ جُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ذحنط‪ٛ‬نحٌ(‪٣ ٝ )C.C.‬ؿند إٔ ضٌطند ‪ ٝ capital letter‬ذن‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫ه‪ٝ ,ٖ٤ْٞ‬ضٌطد ػِ‪ ٠‬جُؿحٗد ج‪ْ٧‬لَ ج‪ ٖٓ ٍٓ٣٧‬جُ‪ٛ‬لكس ‪ٝ ,‬ضٍَْ ئُ‪ ٠‬أًػٍ ٖٓ ٓٓطِْ‪.‬‬
‫‪Sometimes the recipient has not to know that other people have‬‬
‫)‪received copies, in that case (b.c.c.‬‬
‫‪Blind carbon copies are written on the copies but of course not on‬‬
‫‪the original.‬‬
‫‪ًٝ‬ػ‪ ٖٓ ٍ٤‬ج‪٧‬ق‪٤‬حٕ ُ‪ ٠ٍٖ ّ٤‬إٔ ‪٣‬ؼٍف ٓٓنطِْ جٍُْنحُس أٗ‪ٜ‬نح ‪ٚٝ‬نِص ئُن‪ ٠‬أٗنحِ آننٍ‪,ٖ٣‬‬
‫‪٘ٛٝ‬ننحى ٗٓننم ًٍذ‪٤ٗٞ‬ننس ٓهل‪٤‬ننس ذحُ٘ٓننرس ُٔٓننطِْ جٍُْننحُس‪ ٝ ,‬جُ٘ٓننم ج‪ٚ٧‬ننِ‪٤‬س ‪ ٫‬ضٌطنند ك‪ٜ٤‬ننح‬
‫جُ٘ٓم جٌٍُذ‪٤ٗٞ‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪Carbon copies are arranged according to:‬‬
‫ضكىو جُ٘ٓم جٌٍُذ‪٤ٗٞ‬س ضرؼح ُؼىز أٓ‪:ٌٞ‬‬
‫)‪- The rank (it means the range‬‬
‫‪- Job priority‬‬
‫أ‪٣ُٞٝ‬س جُؼَٔ‬
‫‪- Geographical location‬‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞ‬جهغ جُؿـٍجك‪٤‬س‬
‫‪-Alphabetical order‬‬
‫جُطٍض‪٤‬د جُ‪ٜ‬ؿحت‪٠‬‬

‫‪42‬‬
The seven part of secondary of the letters
(7)- postscript(p.s):

An apostscript is apart added to the letter. It may, however,

consist of certain important or a statement to which special
attention is drawn.
‫ؿد‬٣ ًُٟ‫ج‬ٝ ‫ ؾِٔس‬ٝ‫ٓس ٓكىوز أ‬ِٞ‫طأُق ٖٓ ٓؼ‬٣ ‫ جٍُْحُس‬٠ُ‫حف ئ‬ٟ٣ ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ؾُء‬ٞٛ
.ٍٟ‫طٔحّ جُٔٗط‬ٛ‫ٍ ئ‬٤‫ػ‬٣ ٕ‫أ‬
-Nota Bene N.B: mark will also can used for the same purpose.
.ٍٜ‫ح ُ٘لّ جُـ‬ٜٓ‫ٌٖٔ جْطهىج‬٣ ٚٗ‫ؿد إٔ ضؼِْ أ‬٣ٝ
The postscript is used:
1- To give emphasis to an important point
.‫ٔس‬ٜٓ ‫ أًرٍ ٗوطس‬٠ِ‫ى ػ‬٤ً‫ضأ‬ٝ ُ٤ًٍ‫ ض‬٠‫ضؼط‬
2- To add a paragraph after the letter has already been signed.
‫ ضِنني‬٠‫ننس أًرننٍ ػِنن‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬٠‫ؼطنن‬٣ ‫ننًج‬ٛٝ ‫ننح‬ٜ‫ؼ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ق كوننٍز نننحٌؼ جٍُْننحُس ذؼننى ض‬٤‫نن‬ٟ‫ػ٘ننىٓح ض‬
.ِْ‫قظس ٖٓ هرَ جُٔٓط‬٬ُٔ‫ج‬
The writer should add his signature at the end of the postscript.
ٙ‫ ٗلنّ جُٗنه‬ٚ‫ ٗطأًنى أٗن‬٠‫قظنس قطن‬٬ُٔ‫ ضكنص ج‬ٍٟ‫هنغ ٓنٍز أنن‬ٞ٣ ٕ‫ذنى أ‬٫ ‫ًحضد جٍُْحُس‬
.‫قظس‬٬ُٔ‫ ًطد ج‬ًُٟ‫ج‬
(8)- Initials:

Initials are typed at the left corner to identify the writer and typist
for future reference. Eg.sh/sm.
‫رٓص ًٍٔؾغ‬٣‫ جُطح‬ٝ ‫ؼٍف جٌُحضد‬٣ ٝ ‫كىو‬٣ ٠ٌُ ٍٟٓ٤ُ‫س ج‬٣ٝ‫ جُُج‬٠ِ‫طرغ ػ‬٣ َ٤ٗ٤٘٣٫‫ج‬
.َ‫ُِٔٓطور‬
(9)- Continuation sheet:
‫ ضٌِٔس جٍُْحُس‬ٝ‫قن أ‬٬ٓ
‫ ضٌِٔس جٍُْحُس؟‬ٝ‫قن أ‬٬ُٔ‫ ج‬ٙ‫حت‬ٛ‫ ن‬٠ٛ ‫ٓح‬
-For letter requiring more than one page, continuation sheet will
be necessary.
,‫قن‬٬ٓ ٝ‫س أ‬٤‫حك‬ٞ‫ٌجم ج‬ٝ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ٗٓطهىّ أ‬٣ ‫لكس‬ٚ ٖٓ ٍ‫ أًػ‬٠ُ‫جيج جقطحؾص جٍُْحُس ئ‬
.‫س‬٣ٌٍٝٞ ‫رف‬ٛ‫قن ض‬٬ُٔ‫ إٔ ج‬ٟ‫أ‬
- The continuation sheet should be plain (not headed) and of the
same size and quality of paper.
43
 .‫ٌم‬ُٞ‫ع ج‬ٞٗٝ ْ‫ٖٓ ٗلّ قؿ‬ٝ ‫س‬٤ْ‫ٕ ٌأ‬ٝ‫حء ذى‬ٟ٤‫ٕ ذ‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫قن‬٬ُٔ‫ج‬
-continuation sheet usually begin with a line containing the
number of the pages, the date, and sometimes the name of the
address.
‫حٗح‬٤‫أق‬ٝ ,‫م‬٣ٌ‫جُطح‬ٝ ,‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ ٌهْ ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٟٞ‫كط‬٣ ١‫س ػحوز ٓح ضرىأ ذه‬٤‫حك‬ٞ٫‫لكحش ج‬ُٛ‫ج‬
.ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫جُؼ‬
- Some firms use what is described as (catch words) to insure
correct continuity, i.e.: the last word of the first page is shown at
the top of the second page.
‫س ٓ٘حْنرس‬٣ٌ‫ٖٔ جْنطٍٔج‬ٟ‫ ض‬٠‫ قط‬catch words ٚ٤ِ‫طِن ػ‬٣‫ جُٔإْٓحش ضٓطهىّ ٓح‬ٝ‫ذؼ‬
ٌَ‫نس ذٗن‬٤ٗ‫نلكس جُػح‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠‫ أػِن‬٠‫نغ كن‬ٞٞ‫ ض‬٠‫ُن‬ٝ٫‫نلكس ج‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠‫آنٍ ًِٔس ضٌطد ك‬ٝ ,‫ُِوحٌب‬
: ٠ِ‫ػ‬٧‫هلل جُٔػَ ج‬ٝ ,َٛ‫ٓ٘ل‬
‫ ضكىظ‬٫ ٠‫لكس قط‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠‫حقق ضٌطد آنٍ ًِٔس ك‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫حٗح ذؼ‬٤‫ْ أق‬٣ٌٍُ‫قع جُوٍإٓ ج‬٫
.ٚٓ‫طٔح‬ٛ‫ ضٗطص ج‬٫ٝ ٌٟ‫ى جُوح‬ٜ‫ ؾ‬٠‫كٍ ك‬ٞ‫ع ض‬٤‫س هطغ ُِوٍآءز ذك‬٤ِٔ‫ػ‬

(10)- Topping tailing:

The writer may add a personal touch to semi personal letters by
writing the salutation and the complimentary close in (Bold), this
is know as (topping and tailing) enough space has to be left when
the letter is typed.
َ‫جع جٍُْحت‬ٞٗ‫أ‬
- Personal letters.
- Official letters.
- Business letters.
- Semi personal letters.
‫ع ض٘ٗأ‬٤‫و ذك‬ُُٝٔ‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ذ‬ٝ ‫٘ي‬٤‫س) ذ‬٤ٛ‫س (ٖه‬٤ٗ‫ق ُٔٓس جٗٓح‬٤ٟ٣ ٕ‫ى جٌُحضد أ‬٣ٍ٣ ‫ٌذٔح‬
personal touch. ‫ن جُـ‬٣ٍ٠ ٖ‫ ػٖ جٓط٘حٗي ػ‬ُٚ ٍ‫ى إٔ ضؼر‬٣ٍ‫ كأٗص ض‬,‫ىجهس‬ٚ ‫هس‬٬‫ػ‬
What is the form of the personal touch?
- If you type the letter and you do not want to use write handing, it
is ok but in the salutation and conclusion you should use the bond.
This will indicate that you will give a high greet to the receiver
.‫ؿد ضٍى كٍجؽ ًحف ٍُِْحُس ػ٘ى جُطرحػس‬٣ ٚٗ‫ جُطحُد أ‬ُٟ٣ُ‫قع ػ‬٫
‫س‬٣‫ ٌػح‬٠‫ جُكِوس جُوحوٓس وٓطْ ك‬٠‫ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‬٠ِ‫ جُكِوس ػ‬ًٙٛ ‫س‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠ُ‫ ئ‬٠‫٘ح ٗأض‬ٛ ٠ُ‫ئ‬
ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬ٝ ٚ‫قلظ‬ٝ ‫هللا‬
44
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىضبدصخ‬
‫اىىحذح اىخبىخخ‬
‫‪Unit three‬‬

‫‪The features of a successful business letter‬‬

‫ن‪ٛ‬حت‪ٌْ ٙ‬حُس ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ جُ٘حؾكس‬
‫‪The essence of effective writing is to give the reader the feeling‬‬
‫‪that he understands what he reads in a natural tone.‬‬
‫ؾ‪ً ٍٛٞ‬طحذس جٍُْحُس جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س جُلؼحُنس أٗ‪ٜ‬نح ضؼطن‪ ٠‬جُونحٌب جُٗنؼ‪ ٌٞ‬جٗن‪٣ ٚ‬ل‪ٜ‬نْ ٓنح ‪٣‬ونٍأ ًٔنح‬
‫‪٣ٍ٣‬ى جٍَُْٔ‪ ٝ .‬جٍُْحُس جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬ذس ‪ ٢ٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ جقى‪ْٝ ١‬حتَ ج‪٫‬ض‪ٛ‬حٍ‪.‬‬
‫ضطٌَٗ ػِٔ‪٤‬س ج‪٫‬ض‪ٛ‬حٍ ٖٓ ػىز ػ٘ح‪:ٍٚ‬‬

‫أوال‪ :‬اىَرصو‬
‫‪ -‬ق‪٤‬ننع ‪٣‬رؼننع ٌْننحُط‪ ٚ‬جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬ذننس ػِنن‪ٖ ٠‬ننٌَ ًِٔ نحش ضٔػننَ ٌٓنن‪ٝ .َٞ‬ضٓننٔ‪ ٠‬ػِٔ‪٤‬ننس ًطحذننس‬
‫جٍُْحُس ذأ‪ُ ١‬ـس ٓح ‪ coding‬جُطٍٓ‪.ُ٤‬‬

‫حبّيب‪ :‬قْبح االتصبه‬

‫‪ -‬ضو‪ ّٞ‬ه٘حز ج‪٫‬ض‪ٛ‬حٍ ذكَٔ جٍُْحُس ئُ‪ ٢‬جُٔٓطورَ‪٣ٝ ,‬ؿد ضك‪ َ٣ٞ‬جٌُ‪ ّ٬‬جٍُُٔٓ ‪ٝ‬كي ضِي‬
‫جٍُٓ‪ َٞ‬ذك‪٤‬ع ‪ٓ٣‬طط‪٤‬غ ٓطِو‪ ٢‬جٍُْحُس إٔ ‪٣‬ل‪ٜٜٔ‬ح ذِـط‪ ٝ ,ٚ‬أ‪ ١‬نَِ هى ‪٣‬إغٍ ػِ‪ٓ ٢‬ى‪ ١‬ك‪ْٜ‬‬
‫جُٔطِو‪ٍُِْ ٢‬حُس ًٔح أٌجو‪ٛ‬ح جٍَُْٔ‪.‬‬
‫حبىخب‪ٍ:‬ضتقجو اىرصبىخ‬
‫* ضٍٔ جٍُْحُس ذؼىز ٍٓجقَ ٓ٘‪ٜ‬ح جُطـً‪٣‬س جٍُجؾؼس‪ ٝ ,‬جُطٗن‪ ٕ٣ٞ‬أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪َ٩‬ػنحؼ ‪Feedback‬‬
‫‪and noise‬‬
‫* جُطٗ‪ ٕ٣ٞ‬أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪َ٩‬ػحؼ ُ‪ ٚ‬ػىز ٓ‪ٛ‬حوٌ ‪ٝ‬هى ‪ ٖٓ ٌٕٞ٣‬وجنَ جُ٘ظحّ ٗلٓ‪.ٚ‬‬
‫‪The system of communication consists of input, output, feedback,‬‬
‫‪issues, information and internal environment and external‬‬
‫‪environment.‬‬
‫‪Internal environment external environment consist of many types‬‬
‫‪and many items so any change of any item will affect in all the‬‬
‫‪system.‬‬
‫ػِٔ‪٤‬نس ج‪٫‬ض‪ٛ‬نحٍ قٓند ٓنح وٌْن٘ح ‪ٛ‬نن‪ٗ ٢‬ظنحّ ‪٣‬طٌن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬نٖ ٓنىن‪٬‬ش ‪ٓٝ‬هٍؾنحش ػِٔ‪٤‬ننحش‬
‫‪ٝ‬ضـً‪٣‬س ٌجؾؼس ‪ٝ‬ذ‪٤‬ثس وجنِ‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬نحٌؾ‪٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫* جُر‪٤‬ثننس جُىجنِ‪٤‬ننس ضطٌنن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬ننٖ ػننىز أٓنن‪ ٌٞ‬ػِنن‪ٓٓ ٢‬ننط‪ ١ٞ‬جُٔ٘ٗننأ ‪ٝ‬ػِنن‪ٓٓ ٢‬ننط‪ ١ٞ‬جُٔ٘ظٔننس‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُ‪ ٌَ٤ٜ‬جُط٘ظ‪ٝ ٢ٔ٤‬جُؼحِٓ‪ٝ ٖ٤‬جُُذحتٖ ‪ٝ‬جُٔ٘حكٓس ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ْٞ‬طحء‪.‬‬
‫‪45‬‬
‫‪ًٛ ًَ -‬ج ئٓح ‪ ٠ٔٓ٣‬ذ‪٤‬ثس وجنِ‪٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬قٓد ذؼن‪ ٝ‬جٌُطند ‪ٝ‬جُٔ٘نحظٍ‪٣ ٖ٣‬طِون‪ ٕٞ‬ػِ‪٤‬ن‪ ٚ‬جُر‪٤‬ثنس‬
‫جُؿُت‪٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫* جُر‪٤‬ثننس جُهحٌؾ‪٤‬ننس ضطٌنن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬نننٖ ذ‪٤‬ثننس جهط‪ٛ‬ننحو‪٣‬س ‪ُٜٝ‬ننح ٓإٖنننٍجض‪ٜ‬ح‪ ٝ ,‬ذ‪٤‬ثننس ْ‪٤‬حْنن‪٤‬س ‪ُٜٝ‬نننح‬
‫ٓإٖننٍجض‪ٜ‬ح‪ٝ,‬ذ‪٤‬ثننس ضٌ٘‪ُٞٞ‬ؾ‪٤‬ننس‪ٝ,‬ذ‪٤‬ثننس جؾطٔحػ‪٤‬ننس‪ٝ,‬ذ‪٤‬ثننس غوحك‪٤‬ننس‪ .........,‬جُنن‪ ٠‬آنننٍ‪ٝ ٙ‬جُننرؼ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪٣‬طِن ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح جُر‪٤‬ثس جٌُِ‪٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫* جُلٍم ٓنح ذن‪ ٖ٤‬جُر‪٤‬ثنس جُىجنِ‪٤‬نس ‪ٝ‬جُر‪٤‬ثنس جُهحٌؾ‪٤‬نس أ‪ ٝ‬جُلنٍم ٓنح ذن‪ ٖ٤‬جُر‪٤‬ثنس جٌُِ‪٤‬نس ‪ٝ‬جُر‪٤‬ثنس‬
‫جُؿُت‪٤‬س ‪ ٞٛ‬إٔ جُر‪٤‬ثس جُىجنِ‪٤‬نس أ‪ ٝ‬جُؿُت‪٤‬نس ئُن‪ ٢‬قنى ٓنح نح‪ٞ‬نؼس ئُن‪ْ ٢‬ن‪٤‬طٍز جُٔ٘ظٔنس أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ْ‪٤‬طٍز جُ٘ظحّ ذ‪ٔ٘٤‬ح جُر‪٤‬ثس جُهحٌؾ‪٤‬س نحٌؼ ْ‪٤‬طٍز جُ٘ظحّ‪.‬‬
‫‪External environment is out of control of any firm.‬‬
‫* ‪٘ٛ‬حى ضلحػنَ ٓٓنطٍٔ ٓنح ذن‪ٌٗٞٓ ٖ٤‬نحش جُر‪٤‬ثنس جُىجنِ‪٤‬نس ‪ٌٗٞٓٝ‬نحش جُر‪٤‬ثنس جُهحٌؾ‪٤‬نس ‪ ٝ‬أ‪١‬‬
‫ضننأغ‪٣ ٍ٤‬كننىظ أ‪ ٝ‬ضـ‪٤‬ننٍ كنن‪ ٢‬جُر‪٤‬ثننس جُهحٌؾ‪٤‬ننس ْنن‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬ننإغٍ ػِنن‪ ٠‬جُر‪٤‬ثننس جُىجنِ‪٤‬ننس ‪ٝ‬جُؼٌ نّ‬
‫‪ٚ‬نننك‪٤‬ف‪ ٝ ,‬هنننى ‪٣‬نننإغٍ ػِننن‪ ٢‬جُر‪٤‬ثنننس جُهحٌؾ‪٤‬نننس ‪ٝ‬ػِننن‪ٌٗٞٓ ٢‬نننحش جُ٘ظنننحّ ٓنننٖ ٓنننىن‪٬‬ش ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٓهٍؾحش‪ٝ ,‬قط‪ ٠‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُطـً‪٣‬س جٍُجؾؼس‪.‬‬
‫‪Continuous interaction between all the parts of external‬‬
‫‪environment and internal environment and the same time between‬‬
‫‪the part of external environment and internal environment from‬‬
‫‪one side and other point of a system.‬‬
‫‪Any change occurs in the external environment will affect in‬‬
‫‪internal environment.‬‬
‫* ػِٔ‪٤‬س ج‪٫‬ض‪ٛ‬حٍ ‪ٝ‬جُط‪ ٢‬ضطٌ‪ ٍَْٓ ٖٓ ٕٞ‬جٍُْحُس ‪ ٢ٛٝ‬ضٔػَ ػِٔ‪٤‬ح جُٔطىن‪٬‬ش ‪ ٖٓٝ‬غنْ‬
‫ػِٔ‪٤‬ننس جُطٍٓ‪٤‬ننُ ‪ٝ‬جُطنن‪ ٢‬ضٔننٍ ٓننٖ ن ن‪ ٍ٬‬ه٘ننحز ج‪٫‬ض‪ٛ‬ننحٍ ‪ٛٝ‬نن‪ ٢‬ضٔػننَ جُؼ٘‪ٛ‬ننٍ جُػننحٗ‪ٓ ٢‬ننٖ‬
‫ٌٓ‪ٗٞ‬حش جُؼِٔ‪٤‬حش ‪ ٖٓٝ‬غنْ كني جُطٍٓ‪٤‬نُ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطنحُ‪ٗ ٢‬ك‪ٛ‬نَ ػِن‪ ٠‬جُٔهٍؾنحش جُطن‪ٓ٣ ٢‬نطورِ‪ٜ‬ح‬
‫ٓٓطِْ جٍُْحُس ‪ٓ٣ٝ‬طط‪٤‬غ إٔ ‪٣‬ل‪ٜٜٔ‬ح ذِـط‪.ٚ‬‬
‫* ً‪٤‬ننننق ًحٗننننص هننننىٌز جُوننننحٌ‪ ١‬ػِنننن‪ ٠‬ك‪ٜ‬ننننْ جٍُْننننحُس ًٔننننح أٌجو جٍُْٔننننَ ُ‪ٜ‬ننننح إٔ ض‪ٛ‬ننننَ‬
‫ذننحُٔؼ٘‪ ٠‬جُننً‪ ١‬ه‪ٛ‬ننى‪ٙ‬؟‪ٝ ,‬ذحُطننحُ‪ ٢‬قطنن‪ٟٗ ٠‬ننٖٔ ‪ ٛ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُ٘ط‪٤‬ؿننس ‪٫‬ذننى ٓننٖ ضوِ‪٤‬ننَ ٓننح ‪ٓ٣‬ننٔ‪٠‬‬
‫ذحُطٗ‪ ٕ٣ٞ‬أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪َ٩‬ػحؼ‪ .‬ػ٘نىٓح ‪ٛ٣‬نَ جُطٗن‪ ٕ٣ٞ‬ئُن‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٛ‬نلٍ ػ٘نى‪ٛ‬ح ٗٓنطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ٗون‪ ٍٞ‬إٔ‬
‫جٍُْحُس ٗحؾكس ‪ٝ‬كؼحُس ‪ٝ‬جْططحػص إٔ ض‪ َٛ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٓطورَ ‪٣ٝ‬ل‪ٜٜٔ‬ح ًٔح أٌ‪٣‬ى ُ‪ٜ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫‪Here are five points that help in making your letter successful‬‬
‫* ‪٘ٛ‬نحى نٔنّ ٗونح‪ ٠‬ضٓنحػىى ػِن‪ ٠‬ؾؼنَ ٌْنحُطي ٗحؾكنس ‪ْٝ‬نٔ‪٤‬ص ‪ٕ٧ The five Cs‬‬
‫ؾٔ‪٤‬ؼ‪ٜ‬ح ضرىأ ذكٍف ‪c‬‬
‫‪The sense of the affective writing is to give the reader the feeling‬‬
‫‪that he understands what he read in the form what the sender‬‬
‫‪wanted.‬‬

‫‪46‬‬
‫ؿند‬٣ ‫ٖٔ يُني‬ٟٗ ٠‫ح ٖٓ هرَ جٍَُْٔ قط‬ُٜ ‫ى‬٣ٌ‫ْ جُٔٓطورَ جٍُْحُس ًٔح أ‬ٜ‫ل‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ *
The five CS ٍ‫جك‬ٞ‫ض‬

The five Cs

(1)- Clarity:

ٌْ‫ك‬٣ ١ًُ‫ ج‬ٞٛ ‫ح‬ِٜٔ‫ ٓٓط‬ٝ‫هحٌب جٍُْحُس أ‬ٝ ‫كس‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ‫ٕ جٍُْحُس‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ :‫ـ‬ُٞٞٞ‫ج‬
.‫ح‬ٜ‫ق‬ٞٞٝ ٟ‫ ٓى‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
What clarity is mean? Let we see
Clarity is mean that convey thoughts in a simple style using direct
sentences.
٠‫ند ئُن‬ٛ‫جي‬, ‫س‬٠‫نح ذرٓنح‬ٜ٘‫ؿند إٔ ضؼرنٍ ػ‬٣ ‫ٍ جٍُْنحُس‬٬‫ح ٓنٖ نن‬ُٜ‫نى ئٌْنح‬٣ٍ‫ ض‬٢‫جُلٌٍز جُطن‬
.ْ٤‫ جُٔٓطو‬١‫ جُه‬ٞٛ ‫ جُ٘وطس‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬ٛ‫ جه‬ٚٗ‫ع ج‬٤‫ ق‬ٞٗ‫ ُِك‬٢‫ وجػ‬٬‫ ك‬,‫جُ٘وطس ٓرحٍٖز‬
Shortest distance between any two points is the straight line by
this way we can reach our goals in a simple style but we should
using direct sentences.
Make all the necessary points in a logical sequence.
٢‫ٔنس جُطن‬ُٜٔ‫ ج‬٠‫ جُ٘ونح‬٠‫ٍ ئُن‬٤‫أٖن‬ٝ ٚ‫ؿد إٔ أػرٍ ػ٘ن‬٣ ‫ح‬ٜ‫ضطحذؼ‬ٝ ‫ح جٍُْحُس‬ِٜٔ‫ ضك‬٢‫كٌحٌ جُط‬٧‫ج‬
ٕ‫ؿند أ‬٣ ٌ‫نح‬٤‫ٍجو هطنغ ؿ‬٤‫ ٌْحُس ٓنح أٌوٗنح جْنط‬٢‫ ك‬:٬‫ كٔػ‬.٢‫ح جٍُْحُس ذططحذغ ٓ٘طو‬ٜٟ٘ٔ‫ضط‬
ٌَٖ ٠ِ‫ْ ػ‬ٛ‫جء يًٍٗح‬ْٞ ‫س غْ جُػحُػس‬٤ٗ‫ كحُػح‬٢ُٝ٧‫ز ج‬ٞ‫جُهط‬, ‫س‬٤‫ٕ ًطحذط٘ح ٍُِْحُس ٓ٘طو‬ٌٞ‫ض‬
‫ ًطحذنس جٍُْنحُس‬٢‫نَ كن‬ٟ‫ل‬٣ ٝ.‫ ٖنٌَ كونٍجش‬٠‫ح ػِن‬٤٘ٔ‫ن‬ٞ ْ‫ن‬ٜ‫ ضل‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠‫ ٌَٖ ٗونح‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٝ‫أٌهحّ أ‬
٠‫غ جُ٘ونح‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗٗ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٢ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ٍ جٍُْحُس غْ جُهحضٔس‬ٛٞ‫س غْ ؾ‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫جْطهىجّ ج‬
.٢‫ذطَِٓٓ ٓ٘طو‬
- Avoid repeating an important word with different meanings
ٍ‫ٍ إٔ ضؼرن‬ٝ‫ ضكنح‬٫ٝ ,‫ ضٌٌٍ ٗلٓي‬٫,‫ ٓهطِلس‬٢‫جػ‬ٝ‫ٔس ذى‬ُٜٔ‫ٍ ج‬٤‫ضؿ٘د ضٌٍجٌ جٌُِٔحش ؿ‬
ٝ ,‫ جُ٘وطنس ٓرحٖنٍز‬٠‫ند ئُن‬ٛ‫حٌ جي‬ٛ‫نط‬٫‫ٌٓحٕ ج‬٩‫ؿد هىٌ ج‬٣,‫وس‬٣ٍ٠ ٖٓ ٍ‫ػٖ جُلٌٍز ذأًػ‬
‫ننس‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠‫ح ئُنن‬ِٜ‫ننى إٔ ضٍْنن‬٣ٍ‫ ض‬٢‫جُلٌننٍز جُطنن‬ٝ‫ٓننس أ‬ِٞ‫َ جُٔؼ‬٤‫نن‬ٚٞ‫ ض‬٢‫ٕ أهننىٌ ػِنن‬ٞ‫ٌننًج ضٌنن‬ٛ
.‫ىف‬ٜ‫ٌ جُٔٓط‬ٜٞٔ‫ جُؿ‬ٝ‫جُٔٓطورِس أ‬
- Use abbreviations only if you are certain that it can be easily
recognized by the reader.
- Use abbreviations but you should care of that the receiver can
understand the meaning of these abbreviations.

47
‫* هننىٌ ج‪ٌٓ٩‬ننحٕ جْننطهىّ جُٔهط‪ٛ‬ننٍجش قطنن‪ ٠‬كنن‪ ٢‬جٌُِٔننحش ق‪٤‬ننع إٔ ‪ٛ‬ننىف جُٔهط‪ٛ‬ننٍجش‬
‫ض‪٤ٞٞ‬ف جٍُْحُس ‪ٝ‬ك‪ٗ ٢‬لّ جُ‪ٞ‬هص ًٖ قٍ‪ٛ٣‬نح ؾنىج ػِن‪ ٠‬إٔ ٓٓنطِْ جٍُْنحُس ْن‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬ل‪ٜ‬نْ‬
‫جٍُْحُس ًٔح أٌ‪٣‬ى‪٣ٝ ,‬ؿند إٔ ٌٗن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬طأًنى‪ٓ ٖ٣‬نٖ إٔ جُونحٌب ْن‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬ل‪ٜ‬نْ ‪ٛ‬نًج جُٔهط‪ٛ‬نٍ‬
‫‪ٝ‬ئ‪ْ ٫‬نن‪٘ٛ ٌٕٞ٤‬ننحى ئٌذننحى ُِٔٓننطِْ‪ .‬ذ‪ٜ‬ننً‪ ٙ‬جُطٍ‪٣‬وننس‪ ,‬جْننطهىّ ج‪٫‬نط‪ٛ‬ننحٌجش كونن‪ ١‬أيج ً٘ننص‬
‫ٓطأًى أٗ‪ٜ‬ح ذٓ‪ُٜٞ‬س ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضىٌى ٖٓ هرَ جُوحٌب‪.‬‬
‫‪- Take special care when using prepositions and relative pronouns.‬‬
‫* ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضؼط‪ ٠‬ػ٘ح‪٣‬نس نح‪ٚ‬نس ػ٘نىٓح ضٓنطهىّ قنٍ‪ٝ‬ف جُؿنٍ ذحُِـنس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس‪ ,‬كحُِـنس‬
‫ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س ئُ‪ ٠‬قى ٓح ضهطِق ػٖ جُِـس جُؼٍذ‪٤‬س‪ .‬كن‪ ٢‬جُِـنس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس قنٍف جُؿنٍ أق‪٤‬حٗنح‬
‫‪ٓ٣‬رن جُلؼَ ‪ٝ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح أنٍ‪٣ ٟ‬طرغ جُلؼَ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٢‬هطِق ٓؼ٘‪ٗ ٢‬لّ جُلؼنَ ‪ُ ,‬نًُي ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ‬
‫ٌٗنن‪ٜٓ ٕٞ‬طٔنن‪ٓٝ ٖ٤‬طو٘نن‪ُِ ٖ٤‬ـننس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬ننس ذك‪٤‬ننع ضٌنن‪ُ ٕٞ‬ـطنني ه‪٣ٞ‬ننس ‪ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬ننطِكحش ه‪٣ٞ‬ننس‬
‫‪ٝ‬ضؼننٍف أقننٍف جُؿننٍ ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ٟ‬ننٔحتٍ جُ٘ٓننر‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬ضؼط‪ٜ٤‬ننح ػ٘ح‪٣‬ننس نح‪ٚ‬ننس‪ .‬كأق‪٤‬حٗننح ٗلننّ جُلؼننَ‬
‫‪٣‬ؼط‪ٓ ٠‬ؼحٗ‪ٓ ٢‬هطِلس ئيج ؾحء هرِ‪ ٚ‬أ‪ ٝ‬ذؼى‪ ٙ‬أقٍف ٓهطِلس‪.‬‬
‫‪- Use the punctuation marks properly.‬‬
‫* ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ ِْٓ ٕٞ‬ذو‪ٞ‬جػى جُطٍه‪ٝ ْ٤‬جُطىه‪٤‬ن ٓػَ جُلح‪ِٚ‬س ‪ٝ‬جُ٘وطس ‪ٝ‬ػ‪ٓ٬‬س جُطؼؿد‪,‬‬
‫ق‪٤‬ع ‪٣‬إو‪ ٟ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ئُ‪ ٠‬ضـ‪ ٍ٤٤‬جُٔؼ٘‪ ٠‬أ‪ ٝ‬ك‪ ْٜ‬جُؿِٔس ذطٍ‪٣‬وس نح‪٠‬ثسأ‪ ٝ‬ؿ‪ٓ ٍ٤‬و‪ٞٛ‬وز‪,‬كٌػ‪ٍ٤‬‬
‫ٖٓ جُؿَٔ ‪ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬جهق ‪ َٜٓ٣‬ػِٔ‪٤‬س ك‪ٜٜٔ‬ح ػِ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ ٚ‬جُ‪ٛ‬ك‪٤‬ف ػ‪ٓ٬‬حش جُطٍه‪ .ْ٤‬ئٕ ًػٍز‬
‫ج‪٧‬نطحء ضإو‪ ٟ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬ضٗ‪ ٕ٣ٞ‬أ‪ ٝ‬ئٌذحى جُوحٌب ‪ ,‬أ‪ ٝ‬ػىّ ك‪ ْٜ‬هحٌب جٍُْحُس جُل‪ْٜ‬‬
‫جُ‪ٛ‬ك‪٤‬ف‪,‬أ‪ ٝ‬إٔ جُوحٌب ‪٣‬ل‪ ْٜ‬جُؿِٔس قٓد ٓح ‪ٍ٣‬ج‪ ٙ‬أ‪ ٝ‬ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ٓهطِلس ػٖ ج‪٥‬نٍ‪.ٖ٣‬‬
‫‪- There are some confusing and the level of it is high so how can‬‬
‫‪we reduce this to be clear sentence.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ج‪ ٕ٥‬أٓػِس ػِ‪ٞٞٝ ٠‬ـ ٌْحُس ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ أ‪ ٝ‬جٍُْحتَ جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬ذس ذحُِـسج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪:‬‬
‫‪Example:‬‬
‫‪Confusing‬‬ ‫‪clear‬‬

‫‪- We refer to that point.‬‬ ‫‪– We refer to your order‬‬

‫ذحُؼ‪ٞ‬وز ئُ‪ ٠‬ضِي جُ٘وطس ‪ ,‬أ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ٗوطس كحٍُْحُس ضط‪ ٖٟٔ‬ػىز ٗوح‪٠‬‬
‫‪٘ٛٝ‬حى ػىز ٌْحتَ ‪ُٝٓ ٖٓٝ‬و‪ٖ٣‬‬
‫ٓهطِل‪ٝ ٖ٤‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٢‬كىظ أق‪٤‬حٗح‬
‫ضٗ‪.ٕ٣ٞ‬‬

‫‪- Your latest enquiry.‬‬ ‫……‪–Your enquiry dated‬‬

‫آنٍ ‪ِ٠‬ر‪٤ُ ٚ٤‬ي ق‪٤‬ع أٌِْص‬
‫‪48‬‬
‫أًػٍ ٖٓ ٌْحُس ‪ً٧‬ػٍ ٖٓ ُٓ‪ٝ‬و‬
‫جذطؼى وجتٔح ػٖ جُطؼٔ‪ٔ٤‬كح‪ٍٝ‬‬
‫وجتٔح إٔ ضٌ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬كىو ‪ ٫ٝ‬ضلطٍ‪ٜ‬‬
‫إٔ جُٔؼ٘‪ ٠‬ك‪ ٢‬ذطٖ جُٗحػٍ‪,‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد ػِ‪ٓٓ ٠‬طورَ جٍُْحُس إٔ‬
‫‪٣‬ل‪ ْٜ‬جٍُْحُس ًٔح ‪ ٢ٛ‬ذك‪٤‬ع‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضلٍ‪ ٜ‬أْ‪ٞ‬ء ج‪٫‬قطٔح‪٫‬ش‬
‫ًٍَْٔ ٍُِْحُس ًُُي ‪٣‬ؿد‬
‫إٔ ضٌ‪ٗٞ‬كٍ‪ ٙ٣‬ػِ‪ ٠‬إٔ ضؼرٍػٖ‬
‫جُؿِٔس ذٌَٗ ‪٣ٍٚ‬ف ‪ٓٝ‬رحٍٖ‪.‬‬

‫‪- Your firm order.‬‬ ‫‪– Your confirmed order.‬‬

‫‪ِ٠‬رص ٓ٘ظٔطٌْ(جُٔ٘ظٔس ضؼط‪ ٠‬أًػٍ ٖٓ‬
‫‪ِ٠‬ر‪ٝ ٚ٤‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ُ٘لّ جُٗه‪.)ٙ‬‬

‫‪49‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىضبثعخ‬

‫س جُكِوس‬٣‫ ذىج‬٠‫ ذٌْ ك‬٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‫ أ‬.‫ ذًٍحضس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬,‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫أػُجت‬
‫ جُكِوس جُٓحذوس‬٠‫٘ح ك‬ٍٞ‫ هى ضؼ‬ٝ .‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬ْ‫جُٓحذؼس ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓج‬
ٝ‫ أ‬٠ٍٖٝ ‫٘ح أٌذغ‬٣‫ ُى‬ٝ .‫ـ‬ُٞٞٞ‫ ج‬٠ٛ ٝ ‫ٕ ٌْحُط٘ح ٗحؾكس‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬٠‫ٍ قط‬ٝ٧‫ ج‬٠ٍُٗ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ئ‬
٠ٛ ٝ ‫ جُكِوس‬ًٙٛ ٠‫ح ك‬ُٜٝ‫ف ٗط٘ح‬ْٞ ٠‫س جُط‬٤ٗ‫لس جُػح‬ُٛ‫ ج‬ٝ .ٍٟ‫ أن‬ٙ‫حت‬ٛ‫ن‬
2- Conciseness
What is the meaning of conciseness?
It means that the writer should not go on the unnecessary details.
ٍ٤‫ جُـ‬unnecessary ‫ جُـ‬ٝ ‫ٔس‬ٜٓ ٍ٤‫َ جُـ‬٤ٚ‫ ًطحذس جُطلح‬٠‫طؼٔن ك‬٣ ٫‫ جٌُحضد ج‬٠ِ‫ؿد ػ‬٣
the writer should ‫ك٘ح‬ٞٝ ‫ ْرن إٔ أ‬ٝ .َ٤ٚ‫ ضلح‬٠٘‫ ضؼ‬details ‫ كٌِٔس‬.‫س‬٣ٌٍٝٞ
go directly and clearly to the to the point and use the shortest
distance in order to reach his desired end. The reader attention
should be drawn particular item.
ٕ‫ أ‬ٝ ,‫ء‬ٌٟ‫طٔحّ جُوح‬ٛ‫ِلص ج‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٝ .ُٚ ‫ذس ذحُ٘ٓرس‬ٞ‫س جٍُٔؿ‬٣‫ح‬ُٜ٘‫ ج‬٠ُ‫َ ئ‬ٛ٣ ٠‫جيج قط‬
‫ جُ٘وطس‬٠ِ‫ًٍُ ػ‬٣ ‫ إٔ ٗؿؼَ ٓٓطورَ جٍُْحُس‬ٝ ‫وٍأ جٍُْحُس‬٣ ٞٛ ٝ ًٍُ٣ ‫ء‬ٌٟ‫ٗؿؼَ جُوح‬
.‫س‬٣ٌٍٝٞ ٍ٤‫َ جُـ‬٤ٚ‫جْطس ضؿ٘د جُطلح‬ٞ‫ يُي ذ‬ٝ.‫ح‬ٛ‫ى‬٣ٍ٣ ٠‫جُط‬
So how could you do that?
You could do that by avoiding using or mentioning the
unnecessary details. So the reader attention should be drawn to a
particular item. And we should focus and emphasize upon what
‫ء‬ٌٟ‫طٔحّ جُوح‬ٛ‫٘ح إٔ ٗؿؼَ ج‬ٍٞ‫ كـ‬we need. We need or a certain item.
ٝ ٌٟ‫ع جُؼَٔ جُطؿح‬ٞٞٞٓ ٞٛ ‫٘ح‬٤٘‫ؼ‬٣ٝ ‫٘ح‬ٛ ٚ٤ِ‫ ًٍُٗ ػ‬ًُٟ‫ ج‬ٝ .ٖ٤‫ ذ٘ى ٓؼ‬٠ِ‫د ػ‬ٛ٘ٓ
‫ع جٍُْحُس‬ٞٞٞٓ ٞٛ ًُٟ‫ ج‬ٝ The line of business. .ٚٛ‫ه‬٣ ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ج‬١‫ ن‬ًُٟ‫ج‬
what is the core of the letter? And what is the body of the
business?
But the letter shouldn't be too short.
‫ٕ جٍُْحُس‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬٫‫ؿد ج‬٤‫ ك‬.١ُْٞ‫ٌ ج‬ٞٓ٧‫ٍ ج‬٤‫ كه‬.‫ق‬ٛ‫ ٖٓ جُٔ٘ط‬٠ٛ‫ إٔ ضٔٓي جُؼ‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣
‫ٍز ؾىج‬٤ٛ‫ٕ جٍُْحُس ه‬ٌٞ‫ إٔ ض‬٠ِ‫٘ح ػ‬ٍٚ‫حوز ق‬٣ُ‫ ٗطٓرد ذ‬٫‫ؿد ج‬٣ ٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ .‫ٍز ؾىج‬٤ٛ‫ه‬
.َٔ‫ٌط‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٠٘‫ كحُٔؼ‬٠٘‫ قٓحخ جُٔؼ‬٠ِ‫ٕ ػ‬ٌٞ‫كط‬
The letter should not be too short that it leaves vital information.
‫ننس‬٣ٞ٤‫كٌننحٌ جُك‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ٓننحش‬ِٞ‫ جُٔؼ‬ٝ‫ جؿلننحٍ ذؼنن‬٠‫ٍز ؾننىج كطؼٔننَ ػِنن‬٤‫نن‬ٛ‫ٕ ه‬ٞ‫ ضٌنن‬٫‫ؿنند ج‬٤‫ك‬
.ًٍُٗٝ ‫ى‬٤‫ ٗؼ‬ٝ .‫س‬٣ٞ٤‫ ق‬٠٘‫ ضؼ‬vital ‫ ًِٔس‬ٝ .‫ٔس‬ُٜٔ‫ج‬
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‫‪The letter should not be too short that it leaves vital information.‬‬
‫‪It's annoying for a customer to write again and to wait for further‬‬
‫‪information to be sent.‬‬
‫كٔننٖ جُٔننُػؽ ؾننىج ذحُ٘ٓ نرس ُُِذنن‪ ٕٞ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُؼٔ‪٤‬ننَ أ‪ ٝ‬ذحُ٘ٓننرس ُِٔٓننطورَ أ‪ ٝ‬قطنن‪ ٠‬جٍُْٔننَ إٔ‬
‫‪ٌ٣‬طد ٍٓز أنٍ‪٣ ٝ ٟ‬رىأ ‪٘٣‬طظٍ ُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش أًػٍ‪ .‬ئيج ًحٗص جٍُْحُس ه‪ٍ٤ٛ‬ز كأٗنح ‪ ٫‬أْنطط‪٤‬غ‬
‫إٔ جضهً ‪٫ . action‬قع ٗكٖ ك‪ٓ ٠‬ؿحٍ ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ ‪. business‬‬
‫‪And we want to save time and we want to reduce the cost and we‬‬
‫‪want to reach our goals at fast as possible.‬‬
‫ك٘كٖ ٍٗ‪٣‬ى إٔ ٗ‪ َٛ‬جُ‪ ٠‬أ‪ٛ‬نىجك٘ح كن‪ ٠‬أهنَ ‪ٝ‬هنص ٌٓٔنٖ‪ .‬ئيج ػ٘نىٓح ضرؼنع أٗنص ٌْنحُس ٓنٖ‬
‫جُٓؼ‪ٞ‬و‪٣‬س ئُ‪ ٠‬جُ‪٣٫ٞ‬حش جُٔطكىز ج‪٤ٌ٣ٍٓ٧‬س ‪ ٝ‬أنًش ذأ‪٣ٍ٠ ٟ‬ونس ًحٗنص أْنر‪ٞ‬ع ٓنػ‪ .٬‬ػِٔنح‬
‫ذأٗي ضٍ‪٣‬ى ‪ spare parts‬هطغ ؿ‪٤‬حٌ ‪ ٌٍٟٝٞ‬ؾىج‪ٛٓ ٝ .‬حُكي ٌذٔنح ضط‪ٞ‬هنق‪ ٝ .‬جُ‪ٞ‬هنص‬
‫‪٘ٛ‬نح ٓ‪ٜ‬نْ ‪ time is money‬كحُ‪ٞ‬هنص ٓنٖ ي‪ٛ‬ند‪ ٝ .‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٠‬أٗنص ضٍ‪٣‬نى إٔ ضٌٓند ‪ٝ‬هطنح‪ .‬جيج‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬قٍ‪ ٙ٣‬ػِن‪ ٠‬جٌْنحٍ جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نحش ًحِٓنس كن‪ ٠‬جٍُْنحُس‪ ٫ ٝ .‬ضٌن‪ ٕٞ‬جٍُْنحُس‬
‫ه‪ ٍ٤ٛ‬ذك‪٤‬ع جٗي ضـلَ ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش جُك‪٣ٞ٤‬س‪ .‬ك‪ٜ٘‬ح أً‪٤‬ى ُٖ ‪ُ ٍَْ٣‬ي هطنغ جُـ‪٤‬نحٌ ُن‪ٞ‬‬
‫ُننْ ضٌننٖ جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬ننلحش ًحِٓننس‪ْ ٝ .‬نن‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬رؼننع ُنني ٌْننحُس أنننٍ‪٣ ٝ ٟ‬طِنند ٓ٘نني جػطننحؤ‪ٙ‬‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش جُل٘‪٤‬س ًحِٓس‪ .‬جيج أٗص ك‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُكحُس ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضٌ‪ٟٓ ٕٞ‬نطٍ جُن‪ ٠‬جٌْنحٍ ٌْنحُس‬
‫أنٍ‪ ٟ‬ذٓد جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نحش جُ٘حه‪ٛ‬نس‪٠ ٝ .‬رؼنح ‪ٛ‬نًج ْن‪ٞ‬ف ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬نُػؽ ؾنىج‪ .‬ذح‪ٞ٩‬نحكس ئُن‪٠‬‬
‫‪٤ٞ‬حع جُ‪ٞ‬هص ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٛ‬ىجٌ جُطحهس ‪٣َ ٝ‬حوز جُطٌحُ‪٤‬ق ‪ ٝ‬ذح‪ٞ٩‬حكس ئُن‪ ٠‬ضؼطنَ ٖنـِي ‪ ٝ‬أػٔحُني‪.‬‬
‫ضه‪٤‬ننَ ٓنننػ‪ ٬‬إٔ ضؼطننَ جُهننن‪ ١‬ج‪ٗ٫‬طننحؾ‪ُٛٔ ٠‬ننن٘غ ُٔننىز ْنننحػس ‪ ٝ‬جقننىز هنننى ‪ٌِ٣‬ننق ٓ‪٣٬‬ننن‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫جُى‪ٌ٫ٝ‬جش كٔح ذحُي ئيج ضؼطَ أْر‪ٞ‬ع أ‪ ٝ‬ػٍٗز أ‪٣‬حّ‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ٗ ٕ٥‬ؼط‪ ٠‬أٓػِس ػِ‪ ٠‬نح‪٤ٚ‬س جُىهس‪.‬‬
‫‪Example:‬‬
‫‪INSTEAD OF: writing a confusing sentence we should say the‬‬
‫‪clear sentence. So instead of‬‬
‫‪- You are kindly requested to advise us.‬‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ‬ؾِٔس ‪ِ٣ٞ٠‬س ‪ٝ‬ئيج أٌوش إٔ ضطٍؾٔ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ ,‬ضٍؾٔط‪ٜ‬ح ُٖ ضٌ‪ٟ٘ٓ ٕٞ‬رطس ( ٗكٖ ٗطِد‬
‫ٓ٘ي إٔ ضطِطق ‪ ٝ‬ض٘‪ٛ‬ك٘ح‪ ٖٓ ٌُٖ .‬ج‪٧‬ك‪ go to the point directly َٟ‬إٔ ضً‪ٛ‬د‬
‫ئُ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٜ‬ىف ذٌَٗ ٓرحٍٖ ‪ ٝ‬ضو‪.ٍٞ‬‬
‫‪- Kindly advise us.‬‬
‫ُنًج ًنَ جٌُن‪ً ٝYOU ARE , ّ٬‬نًجى ‪ٛ REQUESTED‬نًج ًِن‪ ٚ‬ػرنحٌز ػنٖ قٗن‪ٞ‬‬
‫ً‪َ ّ٬‬جتى‪.‬‬
‫‪But when we use short sentences we can reach our goal, we can‬‬
‫‪reach our objectives, and we can make the reader understand the‬‬
‫‪letter as we want.‬‬
‫‪50‬‬
‫ ٓرحٖنٍز‬ٍٙ‫ ٗهرن‬٠ُ‫ذحُطنح‬ٝ ‫نى‬٣ٍٗ ‫نْ جٍُْنحُس ًٔنح‬ٜ‫ل‬٣ َ‫ جُٔٓنطور‬ٝ‫ء أ‬ٌٟ‫ذحٌٓحٗ٘ح إٔ ٗؿؼنَ جُونح‬
‫ ًِٔننس ٓإوذننس‬kindly ‫قننع ًِٔننس‬٫ ,‫ننِص‬ٟ‫ ضل‬ٞ‫ ُنن‬,‫ ْننٔكص‬ٞ‫ ُنن‬kindly advise us
‫ف‬ٞ‫ ْن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٜ‫ ك‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطنح‬ٝ .‫هنص ٓٓنطورَ جٍُْنحُس‬ٝ ٝ ‫ هطي‬ٝ ‫ٍش‬ٛ‫ ٓغ يُي أٗص جنط‬ٝ polite
.ٍٖ‫طهً جؾٍجء ٓرح‬٣
He will take an action, a direct action, you can save your time, you
can reduce the cost, and you can get and achieve your goal
directly.
INSTEAD OF: will you be good enough
SAY : please
- "Will you be good enough" you can replace this sentence with
using only one word it's "please"
‫ؿند‬٣ ‫ جُطحُد‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ ػ‬.‫ٍز‬٤ٛ‫جقىز ه‬ٝ ‫ِس جْطهىّ ًِٔس‬٣ٞ‫ ٖٓ جْطهىجّ جٌُِٔحش جُط‬٫‫ئيج ذى‬
‫ ٗٔنحَؼ‬ٚ‫ن‬٤‫ ْنطؿى ك‬ٝ .‫ هنىٌجضي‬ٟٞ‫ ضون‬ٝ ‫ع‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ًج ج‬ٛ ٍٞ‫ جْطهىجّ جُ٘ص ق‬٠ِ‫إٔ ضطٍٕٔ ػ‬
َ‫نق ضؼٔن‬٤ً ٝ ‫ثنس‬٠‫ ًنًُي جُ٘ٔنحَؼ جُهح‬ٝ ‫كس‬٤‫نك‬ُٛ‫ جُ٘ٔنحَؼ ج‬٠‫ِنغ ػِن‬٠‫نس ج‬٣ٌ‫ٍُْحتَ ضؿح‬
ideal letter and ideal written business letter ٠‫نع ضؼطن‬٤‫ح ذك‬ٜ‫ك‬٤‫نك‬ٛ‫ ض‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
‫ أػطونى جٗني‬.ٙ‫نحت‬ٛ‫ جُه‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ‫نع‬٤‫س ٖٓ ق‬٤ُ‫ػٔحٍ جُٔػح‬٧‫ ٌْحتَ ج‬٠ٛ ‫ ًًُي إٔ ضؼٍف ٓح‬ٝ
‫غ إٔ ضؿنى‬٤‫نس ضٓنطط‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٧‫ٗطٍٗنص ذحُِـنس ج‬٧‫نن ج‬٣ٍ٠ ٖ‫ جْطهىٓص ٓكًٍنحش جُركنع ػن‬ُٞ
ّ‫ جُطحُند ذحْنطهىج‬ُٟ‫ن‬٣ُ‫نكي ػ‬ٛٗ‫ كأ‬.َ‫ٖ ُني جُكن‬٤‫ضرن‬ٝ ‫نطنحء‬٧‫ٖ ُي ج‬٤‫ٗٔحَؼ ٓهطِلس ضر‬
.‫حوز ٓؼٍكطي‬٣َ َ‫جُ٘ص ٖٓ أؾ‬
You will acquire knowledge about what are the features of the
written business letter or what is the ideal written business letter.
The third feature of successful business letter is the completeness.
3- The completeness.
‫نح‬ٜ٤‫ٕ ك‬ٞ‫ٌن‬٣ ٕ‫ أ‬ٝ ‫ ذنى‬٫ ‫ ٌْنحُس‬ٟ‫ أ‬ٝ .٠ُ‫ ضؼنح‬ٝ ٚٗ‫ ٗكٖ ٗؼِْ إٔ جٌُٔحٍ هلل ْنركح‬.‫ اىنَبه‬ٟ‫أ‬
.ٙ‫ٗو‬
Some level of confusing or there may be some level of noise but
we should pay 100% from our effort to reduce the lower level this
means that it's better than nothing. The letter should state all
necessary information and answer fully all the reader's enquiries.
ْ‫ن‬ٜ‫ل‬٣ ٕ‫ؿند أ‬٣ ٝ ‫ جٍُْنحُس‬٠‫نف كن‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٌٕٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ٝ .‫كس‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ‫ٕ جٍُْحُس‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٤‫ك‬
ٝ .‫ٔنس‬ُٜٔ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ذنس‬ِٞ‫ٓنحش جُٔط‬ِٞ‫نغ جُٔؼ‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬all necessary information ‫ٖٓ جٍُْنحُس‬
all the ٠‫ ٓؿنحٍ ُِٗني ػِن‬ٚ‫ن‬٤‫ّ ك‬٤ُ ٌَٗ‫ ذ‬and answer fully ‫ف‬ٞ‫ ج‬ٝ ٌَٗ‫د ذ‬٤‫ؿ‬٣
ٕ‫ء ٓنٖ أؾنَ أ‬ٌٟ‫ ٓططِرنحش جُونح‬ٝ ‫ِرنحش‬٠ ٝ ‫ش‬٫‫نغ ضٓنحؤ‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬٠‫ ػِن‬reader enquiries
‫ننح‬ٜٜ‫ ؾ‬ٝ ٠‫ننْ جٍُْننحُس ػِنن‬ٜ‫ ك‬ٝ ْ‫نن‬ٜ‫ل‬٣ ٕ‫ ج‬ٚ‫ننى ُنن‬٣ٌ‫ننْ جٍُْننحُس ًٔننح أ‬ٜ‫ء ك‬ٌٟ‫ننٖٔ إٔ جُوننح‬ٟٗ
52
sufficient information ‫ٔنس‬ُٜٔ‫ ج‬٠‫نغ جُ٘ونح‬٤ٔ‫ؿد إٔ ضنًًٍ جٍُْنحُس ؾ‬٣ ‫ئيج‬.‫ف‬٤‫ك‬ُٛ‫ج‬
.‫ع‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ٍ ج‬ٞ‫س ق‬٤‫ٓحش ًحك‬ِٞ‫ٓؼ‬
It should cover all the doubts and all the enquiries of the reader.
The worst letter that gives every piece of information about a
product-except the price.
.ٍ‫ٍ جُٔ٘نننطؽ ٓنننح ػنننىج جُٓنننؼ‬ٞ‫ٓنننحش قننن‬ِٞ‫ ًنننَ أؾنننُجء جُٔؼ‬٠‫ ضؼطننن‬٠‫ جُطننن‬٠‫ننن‬ٛ ‫أ ٌْنننحُس‬ٞ‫أْننن‬
Especially if the target market or the customers of the target
٠‫ه‬ٞ‫ ؾننُء ْنن‬ٟ‫ أ‬٠‫ٖ كنن‬٤ٌِٜ‫ ئيج ًننحٕ جُٔٓننط‬market is sensitive for prices.
ٖ‫ح ػ‬ٜ٤‫ْ ٌْحُس ضٌِٔص ك‬ُٜ ‫ ذؼػص‬ٝ ,ٍ‫ جُٓؼ‬٠ُ‫ٖ ؾىج ئ‬٤ْ‫ قٓح‬sensitive to the price
‫نًج جُؿنُء‬ٛ ٠‫ء جُ٘نحِ كن‬٫‫نإ‬ٛ ٝ ٍ‫ٍ جُٓنؼ‬ٞ‫نح قن‬ٜ٤‫ ُنْ ضنطٌِْ ك‬ٝ ‫ جُٔ٘نطؽ‬ٙ‫حت‬ٛ‫ ن‬ٝ ‫جُٔ٘طؽ‬
‫٘نحى‬ٛ ٕ٧ ‫ ُٔنح‬.‫نح‬ٜ٘ٓ ‫نىف‬ُٜ‫ٌنًج ُنْ ضكونن ج‬ٛ ‫ح جٍُْنحُس‬٤ِٔ‫ كؼ‬.ٍ‫ٖ ؾىج ُِٓؼ‬٤ْ‫ قٓح‬٠‫ه‬ُٞٓ‫ج‬
We can make .‫ٓننحش‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬ٙ‫ ٗونن‬shortage of information ٙ‫ٗونن‬
.‫جش‬ٞ‫ظ نط‬٬‫٘حى غ‬ٛ ٕ‫ؼِْ أ‬٣ ‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫ ًِ٘ح أػُجت‬ٝ segmentation
Three steps should be followed directly, step by step. When we
want to deal with any market, these three steps can be used as
abbreviation STP. (S) Is a short for segmentation. And (T) is a
shot for targeting. And (P) is a shot for positioning. And we
should divide the whole market according to difference in need
and the want of our customers in it's segment and give it and call it
segment (A) or segment 1 segment (B).what is the criteria that he
should use in order to make the segment process of market. We
can make segment according to geographic criteria or we can
psychological make segment according to psychological criteria.
Demographic valuable. There are many criteria.
.‫ؿد إٔ ضٗرغ‬٣ ‫ كحُكحؾس‬.ٍ٤٣‫ ػىز ٓؼح‬٠ِ‫س ذ٘حء ػ‬٤‫ه‬ْٞ ‫ًُُي ٗؼَٔ ضؿُتس‬
There is a difference between the need and the want. The need is
sometimes met (fed). The need should be satisfied. We need food,
air, water, and so on. So the need should be met. About the want,
it's the means that we can use in order to satisfy or met the need.
ٖ‫ ٗٗرغ ٗك‬٠‫قط‬we can use to met our need ‫ِس‬٤ْٝ device ٟ‫ أ‬٠ٛ ‫جٍُؿرس‬
.‫قحؾ٘ط٘ح‬
So as a market as a sender as we want to use the promotion and
promotion her means any promotion. When you use advertisement

53
that means you want to send a letter to the target market or the
target segment of market.
‫نى‬٣ٍ‫ٕ ض‬٬‫ػن‬٧‫ٍ ج‬٬‫ٕ ٖٓ ن‬٬‫ػ‬٧‫َ جُٔػحٍ ج‬٤‫ ْر‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٝ ‫ؽ‬٣ٍٝ‫ْحتَ جُط‬ٝ ّ‫أٗص ػ٘ىٓح ضٓطهى‬
.‫خ‬ٞ‫ٕ ٌٓط‬٫٧‫ًج ج‬ٛ ٌٕٞ٣ ‫ هى‬ٝ ‫َ ٌْحُس‬ٚٞ‫إٔ ض‬
As the advertisement on the newspaper or on the magazine or
any thing written. So it represents a written business letter.
‫ننغ‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬٠‫ إٔ ٗؼطنن‬٠‫ٖ ػِنن‬٤‫نن‬ٛ٣ٍ‫ٕ ق‬ٞ‫ ذننى إٔ ٌٗنن‬٫ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطننح‬ٝ ‫ننس‬٣ٌ‫ ضٔػننَ ٌْننحُس ضؿح‬٠‫نن‬ٜ‫ك‬
.‫ذس‬ِٞ‫ٓحش جُٔط‬ِٞ‫جُٔؼ‬
We should give all the necessary information in order to avoiding
the misunderstanding of the letter, and in order to make the
receiver satisfy and take action in a proper way.
Example:
INSTEAD OF: we allow you an extra discount
ْٛ‫ف ٗٓٔف ُي ذه‬ْٞ
SAY: we grant you 10% discount
.‫س‬٤٠‫ ػرحٌز ٓطح‬٠‫حك‬ٞ‫ْ ج‬ٛ‫كٌِٔس ن‬
We allow you and also the meaning of allow you, when we said
allow this means that you have the authority to allow or not allow.
Also how much the level of the allow
.‫ ضٓٔف‬٫ ‫ هى‬ٝ ‫ هى ضٓٔف‬ٚٗ‫ أ‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ
When you say an extra discount, how much is that discount? 10 %
or 20%. Ten percent is a discount and twenty percent is also a
discount. So this confusing and not meet the desires of the
receiver.
.ُٚ ّ‫ جُٔوى‬ٞٛ ‫ ٓح‬١‫ر‬ُٟ‫ؼٍف ذح‬٣ ٕ‫ى ٖٓ جُٔٓطورَ أ‬٣ٍ‫أٗص ض‬
So we should say we grant you 10% discount and there is a
difference between we allow you and we grant you ten percent
discount, so if I want to buy I know that I will get a specific
number. I will get ten percent discount.
%35 ٠‫ننَ ػِنن‬ٛ‫ أق‬٠‫و جٗنن‬ُٝ‫ ٓنن‬ٟ‫ننٖٔ ٓننٖ أ‬ٞ‫كؼ٘ننىٓح أ‬ ‫ئيج ًننحٕ ْننؼٍ جُوطؼننس ٓحتننس‬
ٝ‫قنىز أ‬ٝ ‫نى أُنق‬٣ٌ‫ ً٘نص أ‬ٞ‫ أيج ُن‬. 25 ‫جقىز‬ُٞ‫ جُوطؼس ج‬٠‫ف أوكغ ك‬ْٞ ‫ أٗح‬ٙ‫ْ ٓؼ٘ح‬ٛ‫ن‬
‫نس ػنحٌف‬٣‫ ئيج أٗنح ٓنٖ جُرىج‬.‫نهٔس‬ٞ ‫ ٓرنحُؾ‬ٝ ‫ٍز‬٤‫ أٌهحّ ًر‬٠‫ؼط‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫ًج‬ٜ‫ قىز ك‬ٝ ٕٞ٤ِٓ
.ْٛ‫ٔس جُه‬٤‫ ه‬١‫ر‬ُٟ‫ذح‬

54
How much the magritude, how much the total amount of discount.
By specific number, determined number not an extra discount.
Extra! How much is this extra? It's ranging from .0001 or any
number to the infinity. So we should be specific, we grant you ten
percent 10% discount. And now this is the fifth feature.
4- The courtesy
.‫ جُِرحهس‬ٝ‫ أ‬polite ‫وخ‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ‫ جُٔؿحِٓس أ‬٠٘‫ ضؼ‬٠ٛ ٝ
You should be polite. The shape or the form of your writing the
letter and the sentence of the letter and the words on the letter
should be polite and should be courtesy. You should use some
diplomatic language.
.‫ء‬٠٠‫ْ ذٌَٗ نح‬ٜ‫ ضل‬٫ ‫ؿد إٔ ضٌطد ذِـس ٓإوذس ذِـس‬٤‫ك‬
The language of your letter, it will reflect your image your good
well about your self and your firm. You should reflect the positive
side and you want to give the good impression specially the first
impression because it is the last and the permanent impression, so
we should use this thing, it's a courtesy.
So what is the meaning of courtesy?
It means that the words of the letter must be friendly and
diplomatic.
‫س‬٤ْ‫ٓح‬ِٞ‫ وذ‬ٝ ‫وز‬ٝ‫و‬ٝ ٝ ٌٕٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫ًِٔحش جٍُْحُس‬
Her are some hints that make the letter more polite.
.‫ٌٖٔ جٕ ضؿؼَ جٍُْحُس ٓإوذس‬٣ ٠‫س جُط‬٤ٓ٤‫ جٍُت‬٠‫ جُ٘وح‬ٝ‫٘ح ذؼ‬ٛ
‫ جُكِونس جُوحوٓنس ئٕ ٖنحء هللا‬٠‫س كن‬٤‫ن‬ٚ‫ جُهح‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ َ‫ف ٌٗٔن‬ٞ‫ جُطِرنس ْن‬٠‫س قحٍ أػُجت‬٣‫ أ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
ٝ ‫ٗطٍٗنننص‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ع ئُننن‬ٞ‫ٖ ٓنننٌْ٘ جٍُؾننن‬٤‫ ٌجؾننن‬ٝ ‫نننن‬٤‫ك‬ٞ‫ جُط‬ٝ ‫نننغ جُ٘ؿنننحـ‬٤ٔ‫ٖ ُِؿ‬٤‫ ٓطٔ٘ننن‬.٠ُ‫ضؼنننح‬
٠‫نن‬ٛ ٖ‫نن‬٣‫ أ‬ٝ ‫ننس‬٤ُ‫ننٍ جُٔػح‬٤‫ جٍُْننحتَ ؿ‬ٝ ‫ننس‬٤ُ‫ جٍُْننحتَ جُٔػح‬٠‫ع ػِنن‬٬‫نن‬٠٨ُ ‫ٓكًٍننحش جُركننع‬
ٝ ٌْ٤‫ّ ػِن‬٬‫ جُٓن‬ٝ ‫ جُكِونس جُوحوٓنس‬٠‫ كن‬٠‫ إٔ ِٗطون‬٠‫س ئُن‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫ح ذحُِـس ج‬ٚٞٛ‫نطحء ن‬٧‫ج‬
.ٚ‫ ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬

55
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبٍْخ‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس‪ ,‬جُٓن‪ ّ٬‬ػِن‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔنس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحضنس‪ .‬أ‪ٛ‬ن‪ْٝ ٬‬ن‪ ٬ٜ‬ذٌنْ كن‪ ٠‬ذىج‪٣‬نس جُكِونس‬
‫جُػحٓ٘س ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ ٝ .‬هى ضطٍه٘ح كن‪ ٠‬جُٔكح‪ٞ‬نٍز جُٓنحذوس‬
‫ئُ‪ ٠‬جُؼ‪ٞ‬جٓنَ جُطن‪ ٠‬ضنإو‪ ٟ‬جُن‪ٗ ٠‬ؿنحـ جٍُْنحُس ‪ْ ٝ‬نٔ‪٘٤‬ح‪five points that helps in ْٛ‬‬
‫‪٘٤ْٔٝ making a successful letters‬ح‪ (five Cs) ْٛ‬أ‪ ٟ‬نٔٓس ‪. C‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬جُـ )‪ ْٛ (five Cs‬ػرحٌز ػٖ جُ٘ونح‪ ٠‬جُهٔٓنس جُطن‪٣ ٠‬ؿند إٔ ضإننً ذؼن‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪٩‬ػطرنحٌ ػ٘نى‬
‫ًطحذس ٌْحُطي قطن‪ ٠‬ضٌن‪ٌْ ٕٞ‬نحُطي ٗحؾكنس‪ْ ٝ .‬نرن إٔ ‪ٞٝ‬نك٘ح ذحُٔكح‪ٞ‬نٍز جُٓنحذوس أ‪ٍٝ‬‬
‫ٗوطس ‪ ٠ٛٝ‬جُنـ ‪ clarity‬ذٔؼ٘ن‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ـ أ‪٣ ٟ‬ؿند إٔ ضٌن‪ ٕٞ‬جٍُْنحُس ‪ٝ‬ج‪ٞ‬نكس‪ ٝ .‬يًٍٗنح‬
‫ٓحيج ٗؼ٘ن‪ ٠‬ذحُ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ـ ‪ ٝ‬أٓػِنس ػِ‪ٜ٤‬نح ‪ٓ ٝ‬نح ‪ٛ‬ن‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪ٞ‬جٗند جُطن‪we should take care ٠‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ٗأنً‪ٛ‬ح ذؼ‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪٩‬ػطرنحٌ‪ٞ ٝ .‬نٍذ٘ح ذؼن‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٓ٧‬ػِنس ػِن‪confusing sentence ٠‬‬
‫‪ًًُٝ‬ي جُـ ‪ ٝ clear sentence‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُؿَٔ جُٔٗ‪ٖٞ‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪ٌ ٠‬ذٔح ضل‪ٌ ْٜ‬ذٔح ضل‪ ْٜ‬ذٗنٌَ‬
‫نح‪٠٠‬ء‪ ٝ .‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ض‪ٛ‬ك‪٤‬ف ًَ ؾِٔس‪ ٝ .‬ذؼى يُي ضطٍه٘ح جُ‪ٛ ٝ conciseness ٠‬ن‪ ٠‬ضؼ٘ن‪٠‬‬
‫ج‪٣٩‬ؿحَ‪ .‬ك‪٤‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬جٍُْحُس ٓ‪ٞ‬ؾُز ضٔطحَ ذح‪٣٩‬ؿحَ ‪ٝ‬ػىّ ج‪ْٜ٩‬حخ ك‪ ٠‬جٌُ‪ ّ٬‬جُـ‪ٍ٤‬‬
‫‪ .ٌٍٟٝٞ‬قط‪ ٫ ٠‬ضٗطص َ‪ ٖٛ‬جُٔٓطورَ ‪ٍٞ ٝ‬ذ٘ح أٓػِس ػِن‪ ٠‬يُني‪ ٝ .‬هِ٘نح ‪instead of‬‬
‫‪ some confusing sentence‬ذنى‪ٓ ٫‬نٖ جُؿٔنَ جُٔٗ‪ٖٞ‬نس أ‪ ٝ‬جٍُٔذٌنس أ‪ ٝ‬جُطن‪ ٠‬ضل‪ٜ‬نْ‬
‫ذٗنٌَ ننح‪ ٠٠‬ء ‪ we should say the correct form of the sentence‬غنْ ذؼنى‬
‫يُنني جُننـ ‪ ٝ completeness‬جُهح‪ٚ‬نن‪٤‬س جُػحغِننس ‪ٛ ٝ‬نن‪ ٠‬جٌُٔننحٍ ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿنند إٔ ضٔطننحَ جٍُْننحُس‬
‫ذ٘نن‪ٞ‬ع ٓننٖ جٌُٔننحٍ‪ ٝ .‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ننح ‪ٞٝ‬ننك٘ح ٓننح ‪ٛ‬نن‪ ٞ‬جُٔو‪ٛ‬نن‪ٞ‬و ذٔؼ٘نن‪ ٠‬جٌُٔننحٍ‪ٞٝ ٝ .‬ننك٘ح ذؼنن‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُؿَٔ جُط‪ ٠‬جُط‪ ٌٖٔٓ ٠‬إٔ ٗٓطؼ‪ ٝ٤‬ػ٘‪ٜ‬ح ‪ ٝ instead of‬هِ٘ح ‪ say‬ذى‪ٜ٘ٓ ٫‬ح ًنًج ‪ٛ ٝ‬ن‪٠‬‬
‫ذحُ‪ٞٞ‬ننغ جُٓننِ‪ .ْ٤‬غننْ ذؼننى يُنني ضطٍه٘ننح ئُنن‪ ٠‬جُ٘وطننس جٍُجذؼننس ‪ٛ ٝ‬نن‪ٛ ٝ courtesy ٠‬نن‪٠‬‬
‫جُٔؿحِٓس أ‪ ٝ‬ئُن‪ ٠‬قنى ٓنح ج‪٧‬وخ‪ .‬ك‪٤‬ؿند إٔ ضٔطنحَ جٍُْنحُس ذ٘ن‪ٞ‬ع ٓنٖ جُٔؿحِٓنس ج‪ٗٝ‬ن‪ٞ‬ع ٓنٖ‬
‫ج‪٧‬وخ ‪ ٝ‬جُىذِ‪ٓٞ‬حْ‪٤‬س‪ ٝ .‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ‪ٍٞ‬ذ٘ح ذؼ‪ ٝ‬أٓػِس ػِ‪ ٠‬يُي‪ .‬غْ آننٍ ٗوطنس كن‪ ٠‬جُنـ ‪five‬‬
‫‪ ٠ٛ ٝ Cs‬جُىهس‪.‬‬
‫‪5- Correctness‬‬
‫‪ ٠ٛٝ‬ذؼ٘‪ ٠‬جُىهس ك‪٤‬ؿد جٕ ضٔطحَ جٍُْحُس ذحُىهس‪.‬‬
‫‪Correctness is as accuracy. Accuracy is important with special‬‬
‫‪attention to the title, the core of the letter and the subject.‬‬
‫كحُىهنس ٓ‪ٜٔ‬نس ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿند ئػطنحء ػ٘ح‪٣‬نس نح‪ٚ‬نس ذٌنَ ٓنٖ جُؼ٘ن‪ٞ‬جٕ ‪ ٝ the title‬ج‪ٌ٧‬هنحّ ‪the‬‬
‫‪ٓ the core of the body ٝ figures‬كط‪ ٟٞ‬جٍُْحُس ‪ٞٞٞٓ the subject ٝ‬ػ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪ ٝ address‬جُٔو‪ٛ‬ن‪ٞ‬و ‪٘ٛ‬نح جُؼ٘ن‪ٞ‬جٕ جُرٍ‪٣‬نى‪ً ٝ ٟ‬نًُي جُنـ ‪ٛ ٝ reference‬ن‪ ٞ‬جٍُٔؾنغ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪ ٝ prices‬جُـ ‪ ٠ٛ ٝ prices‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ‪ًٌٛ ٝ .‬ج ٌٗ‪ ٕٞ‬جٗ‪٘٤ٜ‬ح جُـ ‪ five Cs‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُهّٔ ٗوح‪٠‬‬
‫جُط‪ ٠‬ضؿؼَ جٍُْحُس ٗحؾكس‪ ٝ .‬ج‪ٗ ٕ٥‬أض‪ ٠‬أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس جُ‪ٞٞٞٓ ٠‬ع ؾى‪٣‬ى‪.‬‬
‫‪56‬‬
GENERAL APPEARANCE OF BUSINESS LETTER
The layout and the presentation of the letter are very important.
٠‫ ْنإجٍ كن‬ٍٟ‫ ٌٖٓٔ ضن‬ٝ ‫ْ ؾىج‬ٜٓ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ ‫ح‬ٜٔ٣‫ ضوى‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٍٜٛ‫ ٓظ‬ٝ ‫ جٌَُٗ جُؼحّ ٍُِْحُس‬ٞٛ ٝ
.َ‫ح ٓػ‬ٜ٘‫ٓطكحٕ ػ‬٩‫ج‬
Why are the layout and the presentation of the letter important?
‫ٗطرحع‬٫‫ ج‬٠‫ح ضؼط‬ٜٗ٫ Because they give the first impression of the firm.
the first impression is very important ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ .‫ٍ ػٖ جًٍُٗس‬ٝ٧‫ج‬
.‫ْ ؾىج‬ٜٓ
Because the first impression will remain in the permanent
memory. and it will also reflect the good image and the good well
of the organization or the country or the product. And it will
reflect your self. We reflect our self in the product we send
specially the first letter. So the first impression is the last
impression. So its very important to take care about this point.
‫س‬ٜ‫ٍ جُؿ‬ٞ‫ ػو‬٠‫ى إٔ ٗػرص ك‬٣ٍٗ ٝ ‫ٍ ٍٓز‬ٝ٧ ٝ ٍٟ‫ن‬٧‫ جُرىجٕ ج‬٠ُ‫جيج أٌوٗح جٌْحٍ ٌْحُس ئ‬
ٖ‫ ػ‬ٝ ‫ع‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ ػٖ ج‬ٝ ‫ ػٖ ٓ٘طؿحض٘ح‬ٝ ‫ىز ػ٘ح‬٤‫ ْٔؼس ؾ‬ٝ‫ىز أ‬٤‫ٌز ؾ‬ٞٚ ‫جُٔٓطِٔس ٍُِْحُس‬
ٍ٬‫ ػنٖ ٓإْٓنحض٘ح ٓنٖ نن‬ٝ‫ ػنٖ ذِنىٗح أ‬ٝ‫ٔ٘ح ػٖ ٖنًٍط٘ح ػنٖ أٗلٓن٘ح أ‬ٜ٣ ًُٟ‫ع ج‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ج‬
.ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٫‫ ضؼٌّ ج‬٠‫ جُط‬ٝ ‫ٍ جٍُْحُس‬ٜ‫ ٓظ‬ٝ ٌَٖ
If we send letter overseas to outside country we should reflect our
selves out product and in the mind of our receiver or the party that
we need to deal with. So remember that the first impression is
very important and it will last in the permanent memory.
.‫ِس‬٣ٞ٠ ‫ جًُجًٍز ُٔىز‬٠‫ظَ ك‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ
And it will reflect the good image about our self or our product
and bout country. And we should market our self. We should
marker out product and we should marker our company and our
country as well.
‫م‬ٞ‫غ إٔ ٗٓن‬٤‫ ذنًُي ٗٓنطط‬ٝ ‫نس ػنٖ جٗلٓن٘ح‬٤‫ؿحذ‬٣٫‫ٌز ج‬ٞ‫ن‬ُٛ‫ؼٌنّ ج‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٫‫كح‬
٠‫ ضؼطن‬٠‫جُطن‬ٝ ٝ ٠‫ُن‬ٝ٧‫نح جٍُْنحُس ج‬ٚٞٛ‫ ن‬ٝ ‫ىز‬٤‫ٍ جٍُْحتَ جُؿ‬٬‫ ًٍٖحض٘ح ٖٓ ن‬ٝ ‫أٗلٓ٘ح‬
‫ننس‬ٚ‫ننس نح‬٣‫ؿنند جػطننحء ػ٘ح‬٣ ‫ ُننًُي‬.ّٝ‫ننى‬٣ ًٟ‫ جُنن‬ٞ‫نن‬ٛ ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرننحع ج‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرننحع ج‬٧‫ج‬
.‫ع‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ذح‬

57
 .‫و اىجىدح اىرصَيخ ىيرصبىخ تتضَِ عذح ّقبط‬
THE FORMAL QUALITY INCLUDE

1- paper quality and size

Using a prober size and a good quality paper and well designed
heading create an impression of carefulness and good taste.
‫ًج‬ٜ‫ ٓ٘حْد ك‬ٝ ‫ى‬٤‫ْس ؾ‬ٍٝ‫ْ ض‬٤ٔٛ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫ىز‬٤‫س ؾ‬٤‫ػ‬ٞٗ ‫ٌم ٓ٘حْد يج‬ٝ ْ‫ؿد إٔ ضٓطهىّ قؿ‬٣
َ‫ ٌكننغ وٌؾننس ضورنن‬٠‫ٓننحػى ػِنن‬٣ ٝ .ٖ٤‫ونن‬٤‫ ٗكننٖ وه‬ٟ‫ ٓننى‬ٟ٧ ٝ ,‫ُننى جٗطننحع جُىهننس‬ٞ٣ ٝ ‫هِننن‬٣
‫ح‬ٜ٤ِ‫س جُٔطؼحٌف ػ‬٤ٓ‫ٌ م جٍُت‬ُٞ‫ أقؿحّ ج‬٠ٛ ‫ إٔ ٗؼٍف ٓح‬ٌٍُٟٟٝ‫ ًُ ٖٓ ج‬.‫ٖ ُ٘ح‬٣ٍ‫ن‬٥‫ج‬
.‫ٗٗحش‬٫‫ٌم ذح‬ُٞ‫ٖ قؿْ ج‬٤‫ر‬٣ ٠ُ‫ٍ جُطح‬ٝ‫ جُؿى‬ٝ .ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ جُٔٓطهىٓس ك‬ٝ
So it's essential to know the main paper size used in business. So
study the following table.
PAPER SIZE IN INCHES (BRITISH SIZE)

SIZE USEDFOR

Foolscap 13*8 Long letters

Quarto 10*8 Medium length
Sixto 5*8 Short letter, memo
Octave 5*8 Compliment slips,
post cards
Note: sixto is half the foolscap
Octavo is half the quarto

ٞٛ ْ‫ًج جُكؿ‬ٛ ٝ ‫قىجش‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ًٙٛٝ .ٍ‫ٔط‬٤‫ ْ٘ط‬9298 ‫رح‬٣ٍ‫ ضو‬ٟٝ‫ٓح‬٣ ٕٗ٫‫ؼٍف جٕ ج‬٣ ًَ ٝ
‫ جُكؿْ جُـ‬ٝ ٠ٗ‫طح‬٣ٍ‫ٔح جُكؿْ جُر‬ٛ ٝ ُْ‫ جُؼح‬٠‫ٖ ك‬٤‫ػ‬ٞٗ ْٜٗ‫ ٓغ جُؼِْ ج‬.٠ٗ‫طح‬٣ٍ٤‫قؿْ ذ‬
‫س‬٤ٗ‫طح‬٣ٍ‫لحش جُر‬ٚ‫ج‬ُٞٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠ٗ‫طح‬٣ٍ‫طؼِن ذحُكؿْ جُر‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ ك‬.ٌٟ‫ح‬٤‫ جُكؿْ جُٔؼ‬standard
ٝ ٍ‫ىى جُٗٔح‬٣ ٠ِ‫ كحُكؿْ ػ‬size at your left hand ‫ٍ كحُـ‬ٝ‫ جُؿى‬٠‫ٕ ك‬ٍٝ‫كٌٔح ض‬
.ٖ٤ٔ٤ُ‫ىى ج‬٣ ٠ِ‫ح ػ‬ٛ‫ٓطهىّ ُـ ضؿى‬٣ used for
Foolscap:
٠‫ٓطهىّ ك‬٣ ‫م‬ُٞ‫ًج جُكؿْ ٖٓ ج‬ٛ ٝ 8* 33 ْٚ‫ح‬٤‫ ه‬ٝ ٚٗٞ‫ ًٌِْ ضؼٍك‬ٝ foolscap ‫قع جُـ‬٫
.‫س‬٣ٞ‫ٖ جُط‬٤ٓ‫ح‬ُٟٔ‫ ج‬ٝ َ‫جٍُْحت‬

58
Thirteen multiply eight. And this size of paper used for long
letters.
Quarto:
The second type or the second size of paper according to British
size is (quarto)
ten multiply eight and 8*35 ٚ‫حْن‬٤‫ ه‬ٝ ٞ‫جٌضن‬ٌُٞ‫ ج‬ٚٔ‫ جُطحُد إٔ جْن‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ضًًٍ ػ‬
it used to medium length.
Sixto:
The third type of British size of paper its size is 5*8, five multiply
eight and it is used for short letters and for memos.
ٖ‫ ٓن‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ أنن‬٠‫ وجنَ جًٍُٗس ٖٓ وجتنٍز جُن‬ٟ‫ أ‬.‫س‬٤ِ‫ جًًٍُٔجش جُىجن‬٠٘‫ ضؼ‬memo ‫ ًِٔس‬ٝ
.ٍ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫هْٓ ج‬
Octavo:
And its size is 5*8. And it is use for compliment slips.
ٖ‫ ٗكنن‬ٝ .‫حء‬٤‫ٖنن‬٧‫ ج‬ًٙ‫نن‬ٛ َ‫ ٓػنن‬ٝ ‫ننس‬ٌٞ‫ جُٔؼح‬ٝ ‫ؾطؿننحؼ‬٫‫ ج‬ٝ ًٍٓ‫ جُطنن‬ٝ ٌٟٞ‫ ٌْننحتَ جُٗنن‬٠‫نن‬ٛٝ
ٝ ‫نس‬٤‫س جُطـط‬٤‫ؿ‬٤‫ جْنطٍجض‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ػٔحٍ إٔ ٗٓطهىّ ٓح‬٧‫ ٓؿحٍ ج‬٠‫ك‬ٝ ‫ن‬٣ٞٓ‫ ٓؿحٍ جُط‬٠‫ٔ٘ح ك‬ٜ٣
.‫س قَ جٌُِٔٗس‬٤‫ؿ‬٤‫جْطٍجض‬
In business field we should take care about business compliment
and the customer, so we should use what we call "recover
strategy". We should solve all the problem of the customer.
Because we want to satisfy our current customer in order to attract
anew customer and an expected customer.
.ٜ‫ػطٍج‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ ‫قطؿحؼ‬٫‫ ج‬ٝ ٌُٟٞٗ‫ ج‬ًٍٝٓ‫س ٍُْحتَ جُط‬ٚ‫س نح‬٣‫ ػ٘ح‬٠ُٞٗ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ‫ئيج‬
In order to make a good relationship. And in order to maintain a
good relationship with our customer.
ٖ‫ جُُذحت‬٠ِ‫ ٖٓ أؾَ إٔ ٗكحكع ػ‬ٝ ‫ٔ٘ح‬ٜ‫ ض‬٠‫ٍجف جُط‬٠٧‫ىز ٓغ ج‬٤‫هس ؾ‬٬‫ٖٓ أؾَ إٔ ٗؼَٔ ػ‬
ُٟ‫نن‬٣ُ‫ ضؼِننْ ػ‬.ًٍٓ‫ؿنند قننَ ٓٗننٌِس جُطنن‬٣ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطننح‬ٝ ٖ٤ُ‫ جُُذننحتٖ جُكننح‬٠‫ ػِنن‬ٝ ‫ٖ ُ٘ننح‬٤‫ٔنن‬ُٜٔ‫ج‬
َ‫ جُٔٓنطلر‬٠‫ أٗنص ًطحُند ئوجٌز أػٔنحٍ كن‬ٝ ٍ‫ػٔحٍ أٗص ًٍؾنَ أػٔنح‬٧‫ ٓؿحٍ ج‬٠‫جُطحُد ك‬
ٟ‫ أ‬١‫ٕ جُٓنحن‬ٞ‫ قنَ ٓٗنٌِس جُنًذ‬٠‫ؿند إٔ ضؼٔنَ ػِن‬٤‫ح ئيج ذىأش ػِٔي جُهح٘ ك‬ٚٞٛ‫ن‬
ٟ‫ جُٔى‬٠ِ‫ ذهٓحٌز ػ‬ُٞ ٝ ٠‫وس قط‬٣ٍ٠ ٟ‫ ذأ‬ٚ٤ٍٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٤‫ ك‬٠ٞ‫ٍ ٌج‬٤‫ٕ جُٔطًٍٓجُـ‬ٞ‫جًُذ‬
.‫ف ض٘ؿف‬ْٞ long term َ٣ٞ‫ جُط‬ٟ‫ جُٔى‬٠ِ‫ٗي ػ‬٫ ‫ ُٔحيج؟‬.short term ‫د‬٣ٍ‫جُو‬
You will succeed in keeping your customer not necessary in order
to the amount of profit that you will get from that current
customer, it is not the point. We should avoid the negative words
59
of mouth. May be the customer will speak in bad way about our
company, about our product. So how can we prevent this? How
can we avoid this? We can do that by resolving the
complainments.
.ًٍٓ‫ ٗؼحُؽ ٌِٓٗس جُط‬ٝ ٖٔ‫ غ‬ٟ‫غ قَ ٌُِٔٗس ذأ‬ٟٗ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٤‫ك‬
So Octavo is eight multiply five. And it's used to complaints slips
and it's also used for postcards.
NOTE:
Sixto equals half foolscap.
‫ٌْحخ‬ُٞٞ‫ ٌهس جُل‬ٝ ْ‫ق قؿ‬ٛٗ ٟٝ‫ٓح‬٣ ٞ‫ٌٓط‬٤ُٓ‫ٌهس ج‬ٝ ْ‫ئيج قؿ‬
Octavo equals half the quarto.
.ٞ‫جٌض‬ٌُٞ‫ق قؿْ ج‬ٛٗ ٟٝ‫ٓح‬٣ ٞ‫ًطحك‬٧‫ٌهس ج‬ٝ ْ‫ قؿ‬ٝ

Sixto = half foolscap.

Octavo = half the quarto.

The most widely used for general printing and stationery is the A
series, and all over the international level.
ٝ‫ أ‬A series ‫ح‬ٜٗٞٔ‫ٓنن‬٣ ٝ ٠ُٝ‫ جُننى‬ٟٞ‫ جُٔٓننط‬٠‫ جْننطهىٓح ػِنن‬ٝ ‫ًػننٍ جٗطٗننحٌج‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫نن‬ٛ ًٙ‫نن‬ٛٝ
. A5 ٝ A4 َ‫ ٓػن‬ٍٟ‫ع آنن‬ٞ‫٘نحى أٗن‬ٛٝ .‫ٌم‬ٞ‫جع قؿنْ جُن‬ٞ‫ع ٓنٖ أٗن‬ٞٗ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ A ‫س‬٤ُ‫ج‬ٞ‫ٓط‬
ٖ٣ًُِ‫ جُطِرس ج‬٠‫ىج ٌْٓ٘ أػُجت‬٤‫ىٌى يُي ؾ‬٣ ٝ ‫ جُٗحتغ‬ٞٛ ٍٝ٧‫ع ج‬ُٞ٘‫ٌُٖ أٗح جػطوى إٔ ج‬ٝ
.‫ جًٍُٗحش‬ٝ‫ ذؼ‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ‫ جُٔإْٓحش أ‬ٝ‫ ذؼ‬٠‫ج جُؼَٔ ٌْٓ٘ ك‬ٌْٞ‫ٓح‬
business ٍ‫ٌ ج‬ٞ‫ أٓننن‬٠‫ كننن‬ٝ ‫ٌ جُطرحػنننس‬ٞ‫ أٓننن‬٠‫ٓنننطهىّ كننن‬٣ ًٟ‫ جُننن‬ٝ ‫ًػنننٍ جْنننطهىجٓح‬٧‫جيج ج‬
ْ‫ جُكؿن‬international size ‫ح جُنـ‬ٜ٤ٔ‫ ٗٓن‬ٝ A ‫ ِْٓنس‬٠‫ن‬ٛ ٝ A series ٠‫ن‬ٛ ٝ ٍ‫ػٔنح‬٧‫ج‬
Son it's a standard size or .‫نح‬٤ُٝ‫ و‬ٚ‫ن‬٤ِ‫ جُٔطؼنحٌف ػ‬ٌٟ‫نح‬٤‫ جُكؿنْ جُٔؼ‬ٝ‫ ج‬,٠ُٝ‫جُنى‬
ٍٝ‫قنع جُؿنى‬٫ standardized size and we call it the international size.
.٠‫ض‬٥‫ج‬

61
 SIZE USEDFOR

A4 8.3*11.7 Long or medium

letters
A5 8.3*5.8 Short letters
A6 5.8*4.1 postcards
A7 4.1*2.9 Compliment slips, post
cards

NOTE:
- The basic size is A0 in the same proportion.
- A2 is half A1 and so on.
- B series is for postcards.
- C series is for envelopes.

Note that: A4 is the most widely used. And it's 8.3*11.7 and it's
used for long or medium letters.
ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ‫رؼنح‬٠ ٝ 3324 ٠‫ذس كن‬ٍٝ‫ن‬ٟٓ 823 ٠‫ن‬ٛ ٙ‫ جذؼنحو‬ٝ ‫ًػنٍ جٗطٗنحٌج‬٧‫ ج‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ A4 ٕ‫قع أ‬٫
ٝ .‫ْننطس‬ٞ‫ جٍُْننحتَ جُٔط‬ٝ ‫ننس‬٣ٞ‫ ضٓننطهىّ ٍُِْننحتَ جُط‬٠‫نن‬ٛ ٝ ٕٗ٧‫قننىجش جُٔٓننطهىٓس ذننح‬ُٞ‫ج‬
ٝ .the basic size is A0.‫ جُِٓٓنس‬ٚ‫ ضرنىأ ذن‬ًٟ‫ٍ جُن‬ٝ٧‫ع ج‬ٞ‫ جُ٘ن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ A0 ٕ‫ح أ‬ٟ٣‫قع أ‬٫
.‫ِْ ؾٍج‬ٛ ٝ A1ْ‫ق قؿ‬ٛٗ ٠‫ ك‬A2 ٕ‫ أ‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ A2 is half A1 ٕ‫ح أ‬ٟ٣‫قع أ‬٫
‫ح‬ٟ٣‫ ػ٘ىٗح أ‬ٝ B series and used for postcards ٠ٔٓ‫ ض‬ٝ B ‫ح ِِْٓس‬ٟ٣‫ ػ٘ىٗح أ‬ٝ
C series and used for envelopes ٠ٔٓ‫ ض‬ٝ C ‫ِِْٓس‬
: َ‫ٓطكحٕ ٓػ‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ ْإجٍ ك‬ٍٟ‫ ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ض‬ٝ
True or false:
B series is used for envelopes.
.‫ اىجَيخ خبطئخ‬: ‫واىحو هى‬
َ‫ جُطحُنند ػ٘ننىٓح ضوننٍأ ًنن‬ُٟ‫نن‬٣ُ‫ننكي ػ‬ٛٗ‫ ج‬ٝ .٠‫ جُ٘وننح‬ًٙ‫نن‬ٛ ٠‫ج ئُنن‬ٞ‫نن‬ٜ‫ننى ٓننٌْ٘ إٔ ض٘طر‬٣ٌ‫ئيج أ‬
:٠‫ض‬٥‫كي ذح‬ٛٗ‫كس ٖٓ جٍُٗجتف ج‬٣ٍٖ ًَ ‫ ضطحذغ‬ٝ ‫لكس‬ٚ
:‫أوال‬
ٟ‫نننىج ػنننٖ أ‬٤‫ٍ إٔ ضٓنننٔغ جُكِونننس أًػنننٍ ٓنننٖ ٓنننٍز ذؼ‬ٝ‫قظنننحش قنننح‬٬ٓ notes َ‫إٔ ضٓنننؿ‬
ٖ‫ح أًػنٍ ٓن‬ٜ‫ٍ إٔ ضٓنٔؼ‬ٝ‫ قح‬ٝ ‫قظحضي‬٬ٓ notes َ‫ ْؿ‬ٝ ّ٬‫ أه‬ٝ ‫ٌم‬ٝ ‫ ٓؼي‬ٝ ‫حء‬ٞٞٞ
60
‫ٍٓز ‪ ٝ‬قح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضٍؾغ جُ‪ ٠‬جُـ ‪ْ ٝ reference‬ن‪ٞ‬ف ضؿنى ‪ٛ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُٔنحوز ٌٓط‪ٞ‬ذنس ‪ٓ ٝ‬طر‪ٞ‬ػنس‬
‫ك‪ ٠‬جٌُٔطرحش ضكص ٓح ‪ ٝ business letter theory and practice ٠ٔٓ٣‬أ‪ٞ‬غ جْٔ‪٠‬‬
‫جُىًط‪ ٌٞ‬ؿحُد جُرٓط٘ؿ‪ .٠‬ضوٍ‪٣‬رح ‪ٗ ٠ٛ‬لّ جُٔحوز جُط‪ ٠‬ػٍ‪٘ٞ‬ح‪ٛ‬ح ٌُْ ‪ٌُ ٝ‬نٖ ذؼن‪ ٝ‬جُطِرنس‬
‫‪٣‬كد إٔ ‪٣‬ؿى ٖ‪٠‬ء ٓطر‪ٞ‬ع ُ‪٤‬وٍأ‪ًُ ٙ‬ج ذحٌٓحٗي إٔ ضؼَٔ ‪ print out‬ػِ‪ٌٝ ٠‬م‪ .‬قن‪ ٍٞ‬إٔ‬
‫ضطحذغ ًَ ؾُت‪٤‬س‪ .‬جُؼ٘‪ٞ‬جٗ‪ ٖ٤‬جٍُت‪٤ٓ٤‬س ‪ ًَ ٝ‬ؾُت‪٤‬س‪ ٝ .‬ػ٘ىٓح ضونٍأ ًنَ ‪ٚ‬نلكس جْنأٍ ٗلٓني‬
‫ُ‪ً٘ ٞ‬ص إٔ ٓىٌِ جُٔحوز ‪ ٝ‬أٌوش إٔ أ‪ٞ‬رغ أْثِس ً‪٤‬نق ٌٓٔنٖ إٔ ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ٖ ٕٞ‬نٌَ جُٓنإجٍ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ً‪٤‬ق ‪ ٌٖٔ٣‬إٔ ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬جُؿ‪ٞ‬جخ‪ ٝ .‬أْطط‪٤‬غ إٔ أؤًى ُي ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُند ئيج جْنطهىٓص ‪ٛ‬نًج‬
‫ج‪ْ٧‬ننِ‪ٞ‬خ ككنن‪ٞ‬جُ‪ٓ %25 ٠‬ننٖ ج‪ْ٧‬ننثِس ُننٖ ضٌنن‪ ٕٞ‬ؿٍ‪٣‬رننس ػِ‪٤‬نني‪ ٝ .‬أٗننص ْننطٌ‪ ٕٞ‬أ‪ٚ‬نن‪٬‬‬
‫ٓط‪ٞ‬هؼ‪ٜ‬نننح‪ٓ .‬نننغ ‪ٞ‬نننٍ‪ٌٝ‬ز إٔ ضؼطننن‪ ٠‬ػ٘ح‪٣‬نننس نح‪ٚ‬نننس ُكلنننع جٌُِٔنننحش ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬نننطِكحش ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪ ٝ concepts‬جُٔلننح‪ ٝ .ْ٤ٛ‬ضؼنٍف ذحُِـننس جُؼٍذ‪٤‬نس ٓنحيج ‪٣‬ؼ٘نن‪ً ٠‬نَ ٓ‪ٛ‬ننطِف ٓنٖ أؾننَ إٔ‬
‫ضؼرٍ ػ٘‪ ٝ .ٚ‬قح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ض‪ٟ‬غ ًَ ٓ‪ٛ‬طِف ك‪ ٠‬ؾِٔس ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س ذِـطي جُرٓ‪٤‬طس ‪in‬‬
‫‪ ٝ your own simple language‬ضٓطط‪٤‬غ ئيج جْطهىٓص ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُطؼِ‪ٔ٤‬حش إٔ ضٓطل‪٤‬ى ٖٓ‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ‬جُٔحوز ذٌَٗ ؾ‪٤‬ى ‪ ٝ‬أً‪٤‬ى ئٕ ٖحء هللا ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضك‪ َٛ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أػِ‪ ٠‬جُىٌؾحش‪.‬‬
‫حبّيب‪:‬‬
‫ه‪ٟ‬نن‪٤‬س جُٔطحذؼننس ٓ‪ٜٔ‬ننس ؾننىج‪ .‬كحُٔطحذؼننس ‪ ٝ‬ػننىّ ج‪ٗ٩‬وطننحع ػننٖ جُٔ نحوز ٓ‪ٜ‬ننْ‪ْ ٝ .‬ننط‪٬‬قع إٔ‬
‫جٌُِٔص ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضطٌنٌٍ‪ُ .‬ن‪ً ٞ‬نحٕ ٓٓنط‪ٞ‬جُي ‪ٞ‬نؼ‪٤‬ق كن‪ ٠‬جُِـنس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس كأٗنح جضنٍؾْ ُني ‪ٝ‬‬
‫أقح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ أ‪ٞٝ‬نف ذحُِـنس جُؼٍذ‪٤‬نس‪ ٝ .‬جُٔنحوز ٓ‪ٞ‬ؾن‪ٞ‬وز ػ٘ني ذحُِـنس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس ًنًُي‪ُ .‬ن‪ّ٤‬‬
‫ػِ‪٤‬ي ج‪ ٫‬إٔ ضطٍؾْ ‪ ٝ‬ضكلع جٌُِٔحش ‪ ٝ‬ضٓطهىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ذحٌَُٗ جُ‪ٛ‬ك‪٤‬ف‪ٓ .‬ط٘‪٤‬ح ُِؿٔ‪٤‬غ جُط‪ٞ‬ك‪٤‬ن‪.‬‬
‫جُ٘وطس جُػحٗ‪٤‬س ‪ ٠ٛ ٝ‬جُـ‬
‫‪2-The margin‬‬
‫اىهربٍ ْن‪ٞ‬جء جُ‪ٜٔ‬نٕ ج‪ٔ٣٧‬نٖ أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٜ‬نحٕٓ ج‪ٓ٣٧‬نٍ ‪right margin or left margin‬‬
‫ك‪٤‬ؿد إٔ ضؼط‪٤‬س ػ٘ح‪٣‬س نح‪ٚ‬س ‪ ٝ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ٌٗ‪ ٖ٤ُِٓٓ ٕٞ‬ذـ ‪ٓ standard‬ؼح‪ٓ ٍ٤٣‬ؼ‪٘٤‬س أ‪ًٔ ٝ‬نح‬
‫ٍْ٘ٗـ ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬جُ‪ٜ‬حٕٓ ‪ٓ ٝ‬ظ‪ ٍٜ‬جٍُْحُس ‪ٓ ٌٕٞ٣‬وٍ‪ٝ‬ء ذـ‪ ٝ‬جُ٘ظٍ ػٖ جُ‪ٜ‬نحٕٓ‬
‫ج‪ ٍٓ٣٧‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٜ‬حٕٓ ج‪ ٖٔ٣٧‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ ٠‬آنٍ‪.ٙ‬‬
‫‪Both right margin and left margin should be parallel with printed‬‬
‫‪heading.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬جُ‪ٜ‬حٕٓ ج‪ ٝ ٖٔ٣٧‬جُ‪ٜ‬حٕٓ ج‪ ٍٓ٣٧‬ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬لّ جُه‪ُِ ١‬ـ ‪printed heading‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؼ٘‪ٛ٣ ٫ ٠‬ف إٔ ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬جُطٍ‪ٓ٣ٝ‬س ٍُِْحُس أًػٍ أ‪ ٝ‬أهَ ٖٓ جُ‪ٜ‬حٕٓ جُنً‪ ٟ‬ضٍ‪٣‬نى إٔ ضطًٍن‪ٚ‬‬
‫ك‪ ٠‬جٍُْحُس ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬جُط٘ٓ‪٤‬ن ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُ‪ٜ‬حٕٓ ج‪ٔ٣٧‬نٖ ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٜ‬نحٕٓ ج‪ٓ٣٧‬نٍ ٓ‪ٜ‬نْ ؾنىج ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿند‬
‫إٔ ‪ٓ paralleled ٌٕٞ٣‬ط‪ٞ‬جَ‪ ٝ ٟ‬ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬لّ جُه‪٣ ٝ .١‬ؿد إٔ ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ ٕٞ‬جُ‪ٜ‬نحٕٓ جُؼِن‪ٝ ٟٞ‬‬
‫جُ‪ٜ‬حٕٓ جُٓلِ‪ٓ ٠‬طٓح‪.ٖ٤٣ٝ‬‬
‫‪The top and the bottom margin should be equal. And the left and‬‬
‫‪the right margin should be equal too. The left-hand margin should‬‬
‫‪never be less than one inch (10 letters space).‬‬
‫‪62‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪ ٫‬ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ضكص أ‪ ٟ‬ظٍ‪ٝ‬ف أهَ ٖٓ ‪ٝ‬جقى جٕٗ‪ ٝ .‬جُ‪ٞ‬جقى جٕٗ ‪ ٞٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ‪ten‬‬
‫‪ ٝ letters space‬أٗنص ضٌطند ػِن‪ ٠‬جٌُ‪ٓٞ‬ر‪٤‬ن‪ٞ‬ضٍ ًنَ جٗنٕ ‪ٛ‬ن‪ ٞ‬ػرنحٌز ػنٖ ‪ . space‬جيج‬
‫ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬هَ كٍجؽ ُؼٍٗز أقٍف‪.‬‬
‫‪The line must be typed evenly and if necessary‬أق‪٤‬حٗنح هنى ضٓنطهىّ ذؼن‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُهط‪ ٝ ٠ٞ‬ضطرؼ‪ٜ‬ح‪You can divide long words at the end of the line. .‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ِٗؿأ جُ‪ ٠‬ضوٓ‪ ْ٤‬جٌُِٔس ك‪ٜٗ ٠‬ح‪٣‬س جُٓطٍ‪.‬‬
‫أػُجتن‪ ٠‬جُطِرنس ٌٗطلنن‪ ٠‬ذ‪ٜ‬نًج جُوننىٌػِ‪ ٠‬أٓنَ جُِوننحء ذٌنْ كنن‪ ٠‬جُكِونس جُوحوٓننس ‪ْ ٝ‬ن‪ٞ‬ف ٌٗٔننَ‬
‫‪ ٝ general appearance of the letter.‬جُط‪ ٠‬أ‪ٞٝ‬نك٘ح أٗ‪ٜ‬نح ‪it create the first‬‬
‫‪ impression‬ضهِن ج‪ٗ٧‬طرحع ج‪ْٞ ٝ ٍٝ٧‬ف ٌَٗٔ جٕ ٖحء هللا‪ .‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أٓنَ جُِونحء ذٌنْ كن‪٠‬‬
‫جُكِوس جُوحوٓس ‪ ٝ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪.ٚ‬‬

‫‪63‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىتبصعخ‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس‪ ,‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪ .ٚ‬أ‪ ٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬ذىج‪٣‬س جُكِوس‬
‫جُطحْؼس ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ ٝ .‬ض‪ٞ‬هل٘ح ك‪ ٠‬جُٔكح‪ٍٞ‬ز جُٓحذوس ػ٘ى‬
‫‪ margin‬أ‪ ٝ‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س جُ‪ٜٞ‬جٕٓ‪ ٝ ,‬ذ‪٘٤‬ح أ‪٤ٔٛ‬ط‪ٜ‬ح غْ ٗ٘طوَ ذؼى يُي ئُ‪ٓ ٠‬ح ‪line ٠ٔٓ٣‬‬
‫‪ spacing‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُلٍجؽ ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪ْ٧‬طٍ ن‪ ٍ٬‬جٍُْحُس‪.‬‬
‫‪3- Line spacing‬‬
‫‪With the majority of letter, it is preferable to use line spacing for‬‬
‫‪the lines.‬‬
‫ئٗ‪ ٖٓ ٚ‬جُٔل‪ َٟ‬إٔ ضٓطهىّ ‪ٓ space‬لٍو أ‪ ٝ‬كٍجؽ ٓلٍو ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُٓطٍ ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٥‬نٍ وجنَ‬
‫جٍُْحُس‪ٓ ٝ double spacing for the paragraphs ٌُٖ .‬ح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُلوٍز ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ٟ‬‬
‫نط‪ ٖ٤‬كٍجؽ‪ ٝ .‬أً‪٤‬ى ًٌِْ ضوىٌ‪ٝ‬ج ضٓطهىٓ‪ٞ‬ج جٌُٔر‪ٞ٤‬ضٍ‪ ٝ .‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٌٞ‬و ‪ word‬ضؿى ػ٘ى‬
‫جُط٘ٓ‪٤‬ن ك‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪ٌٗٞ٣‬س ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬ن‪ ٍ٬‬ج‪ٌ٘ٔ٣ ْْٜ٧‬ي إٔ ضهطحٌ ‪single space or‬‬
‫‪ ٝ double space …etc‬ذًُي ضكىو جُـ ‪ distance‬جًُ‪ ٟ‬ضٍ‪٣‬ى‪ٓ ٙ‬ح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُهط‪ ٠ٞ‬وجنَ‬
‫جُلوٍز جُ‪ٞ‬جقىز‪٣ ٝ .‬ل‪ َٟ‬إٔ ‪٣ single space ٌٕٞ٣‬ؼ٘‪ ٠‬كٍجؽ ٓلٍو ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُلوٍز‬
‫‪ٝ‬ج‪٧‬نٍ‪٣ ٝ ٟ‬ل‪ َٟ‬إٔ ‪ double space ٌٕٞ٣‬أ‪ ٟ‬نط‪.ٖ٤‬‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع جٍُجذغ ‪ ٞٛ ٝ‬جُـ ‪ paragraphs‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُلوٍجش جُط‪ ٠‬ضطٌ‪ٜ٘ٓ ٕٞ‬ح جٍُْحُس ‪ٌَٖ ٝ‬‬
‫جُلوٍجش ‪ ٝ‬ض٘ٓ‪٤‬ن جُلوٍجش ‪ٓ ًَ ٝ‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُلوٍجش‪ ُٞ ٝ .‬ضطًًٍ‪ ٕٝ‬هحػىز جُػ‪٬‬ظ كوٍجش‬
‫‪ . three paragraphs rule‬ئيج كحٍُْحُس ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ٌٓ ٕٞ‬ط‪ٞ‬ذس ٖٓ غ‪٬‬ظ كوٍجش‪.‬‬
‫‪4- The paragraphs:‬‬
‫‪When there is a slight change in the subject, it is recommended to‬‬
‫‪add a new paragraph.‬‬
‫ػ٘ىٓح ‪ٞ٣‬ؾى ضـ‪ ٍ٤٤‬ذٓ‪ ١٤‬ك‪ ٠‬جٍُْحُس أ‪ ٝ‬ك‪ ٠‬جُٔكح‪ ٌٝ‬أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬كٌحٌ جٍُت‪٤ٓ٤‬س جُط‪ ٠‬ضكٌ‪٠‬‬
‫ػ٘‪ٜ‬ح جٍُْحُس ك‪٤‬ل‪ َٟ‬إٔ ض‪٤ٟ‬ق كوٍز ؾى‪٣‬ىز ذٌَٗ ٓ٘ل‪ًٛ ٝ .َٛ‬ج ‪٣‬ؿؼَ جٍُْحُس أْ‪.َٜ‬‬
‫‪ To make writing letter easier‬أْ‪ َٜ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُل‪ ٝ ْٜ‬أْ‪ َٜ‬ك‪ ٠‬جٌُطحذس ‪ ٝ‬أْ‪ َٜ‬ك‪٠‬‬
‫ضًٍ‪ ُ٤‬جُُ‪٣ .ٖٛ‬ؼ٘‪ ٠‬أكٌحٌ‪ ٙ‬جٍُت‪٤ٓ٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪ٝ the core of the message ٠ٛ ٠‬‬
‫ٗٓٔ‪ٜ٤‬ح هِد جٍُْحُس أ‪ ٝ‬ؾ‪ ٍٛٞ‬جٍُْحُس جُط‪٣ٍٗ ٠‬ى إٔ ٗ‪ِٜٚٞ‬ح ًَ ‪ًٛ‬ج ٗٓطط‪٤‬غ جٕ ٍٗضد‬
‫أكٌحٌٗح ‪ِِٜٓٓٗ ٝ‬ح ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ٓ٘طو‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ذطٍهس وذِ‪ٓٞ‬حْ‪٤‬س ‪ٓ ٝ‬ور‪ُٞ‬س ‪ٓ ٝ‬ل‪ٜٓٞ‬س ٖٓ هرَ‬
‫جُٔٓطِْ‪ ,‬أ‪ٓٓ ٟ‬طِْ جٍُْحُس ‪ ٝ‬هحٌت‪ٜ‬ح‪ .‬قط‪ٗ ٠‬ؿؼَ جٍُْحُس أًػٍ ْ‪ُٜٞ‬س هْٓ جٍُْحُس ئُ‪٠‬‬
‫غ‪٬‬غس كوٍجش ‪ًٛ ٝ divide the letter into three paragraphs‬ج جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِف ٗٓٔ‪ٚ٤‬‬
‫‪. three paragraphs rule‬‬

‫‪64‬‬
 ‫إرا ٍبرا ّعْى ثقبعذح اىخالث فقراد؟‬

They are:
1- Opening
2- Middle paragraph
3- Closing paragraph

:٠‫ض‬٥‫ْ ًح‬ٛ
‫س‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ ج‬-1
٠‫ْط‬ُٞ‫ جُلوٍز ج‬-9
‫ جُلوٍز جُهحضٔس‬-3
٠‫غ ك‬ٞٞ٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ‫ع جٍُْحُس‬ٞٞٞٔ‫ ك‬.‫س‬٤ٓ٤‫ظ كوٍجش ٌت‬٬‫ٖٔ جٍُْحُس غ‬ٟ‫ؿد إٔ ضط‬٣
.‫جُلوٍز جُهحضٔس‬ٝ ٠‫ْط‬ُٞ‫ جُلوٍز ج‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ْ جُلوٍز ج‬ٛ ٝ ‫ظ كوٍجش‬٬‫غ‬
The form of the paragraph refers to the style of display.
‫ح‬ٛ‫ ٓؼ٘ح‬style ‫ ًِٔس‬ٝ .ٍٜ‫ؼس جُؼ‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٝ‫ أ‬ٍٜ‫ جُؼ‬١ٔٗ ٠ُ‫و ئ‬ٞ‫ؼ‬٣ ٝ‫ٍ أ‬٤ٗ٣ ‫ٌَٖ جٍُْحُس‬
ٍ‫ أٌٖح‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ‫ظ أٌٖحٍ ض‬٬‫ ػ٘ىٗح غ‬ٝ ٍٜ‫ح ػ‬ٛ‫ ٓؼ٘ح‬display ‫ ًِٔس‬ٝ ‫وس‬٣ٍ٠ ٝ‫ أ‬١ٔٗ
.‫جُلوٍجش‬
The appearance of the paragraphs contains three styles. Or it can
be written according to one of the three styles.
.‫غس أٌٖحٍ ٓهطِلس‬٬‫ ذػ‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠‫غس أٗٔح‬٬‫ ذػ‬ٚ‫ذآٌحٗ٘ح إٔ ٌٗطر‬

65
‫‪Three forms:‬‬

‫ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬

‫‪Intended form‬‬

‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬

‫‪Blocked form‬‬

‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬

‫‪Hanging form‬‬

‫‪66‬‬
‫‪Indented form:‬‬
‫جٌَُٗ ج‪ًٔ ٍٝ٧‬ح ٗؼِْ‪ ,‬ضطٍى كٍجؽ ك‪ ٠‬جُٓطٍ ًٔح ضطٍى كٍجؽ ك‪ ٠‬ذىج‪٣‬س ًَ ً‪ٝ .ّ٬‬‬
‫جُٓطٍ جُػحٗ‪ ٝ ٠‬جُٓطٍ جُػحُع ٓط‪ٞ‬جَ‪ ٫ .ٟ‬ضطٍى كٍجؽ‪.‬‬
‫‪Blocked form:‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ك‪ ٚ٤‬ضؿى غ‪٬‬غس أْطٍ ضكص ذؼ‪ٗ ٫ ٝ ٝ‬طٍى كٍجؽ ك‪ ٠‬ذىج‪٣‬س ًَ كوٍز‪ًٛ ٝ .‬ج جًُ‪ٟ‬‬
‫‪ٓ٣‬طهىٓ‪ ٚ‬ج‪ٌ٣ٍٓ٧‬حٕ أًػٍ‪.‬‬
‫‪Hanging indention from:‬‬
‫أ‪ ٟ‬أّ قرحٍ أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ػَ جُٔه٘‪ٞ‬م أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٗ٘‪ٞ‬م‪٫ .‬قع ً‪٤‬ق ‪٣‬أض‪ ٠‬جُٓطٍ ج‪ ٍٝ٧‬ػحو‪ ٟ‬غْ ذؼى‬
‫يُي أهَ غْ ذؼى يُي أهَ ‪ ِْٛ ٝ‬ؾٍج‪.‬‬
‫‪٫‬قع ‪ ٠ٛ‬جُـ ‪ٗ indented form‬طٍى نّٔ ٓٓحكحش أ‪ ٝ‬أًػٍ ‪ ٠ٛ‬جٍُٔز ج‪five ٠ُٝ٧‬‬
‫‪ spaces or more in the first line‬جيج ٗطٍى نّٔ كٍجؿحش أ‪ ٝ‬أًػٍ ك‪ ٠‬جُٓطٍ‬
‫ج‪ ٍٝ٧‬غْ ٗطىٌؼ ك‪ ٠‬جُه‪ ١‬جُػحٗ‪ًٌٛ ٝ ٠‬ج‪٫ ٝ .‬قع أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ك‪ ٠‬جُـ ‪blocked form, all‬‬
‫‪ lines begin at the left margin‬ؾٔ‪٤‬غ جُهط‪٣ ٠ٞ‬ؿد إٔ ضرىأ ٖٓ جُ‪ٜ‬حٕٓ ج‪ٝ ٍٓ٣٧‬‬
‫‪ٗ ٫‬طٍى أ‪ ٟ‬كٍجؽ‪ .‬أٓح ػٖ ‪ٗ hanging form‬ظحّ جُٔه٘‪ٞ‬م كل‪the first line is ٚ٤‬‬
‫‪ brought out to the left margin‬كحُٓطٍ ج‪ ٍٝ٧‬كو‪٣ ١‬رىأ ٖٓ جُ‪ٜ‬حٕٓ ج‪.ٍٓ٣٧‬‬
‫ذ‪ٔ٘٤‬ح ٗطٍى كٍجؽ ك‪ ٠‬ذىج‪٣‬س جُٓطٍ جُػحٗ‪ ٝ ٠‬جُٓطٍ جُػحُع أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ‪ًٛ ٝ‬ج جُلٍجؽ ‪٣ُ٣‬ى ك‪٠‬‬
‫ذىج‪٣‬س ًَ ْطٍ‪ ًٙٛ ٝ .‬ج‪ٌٖ٧‬حٍ جُػ‪٬‬غس ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ضٓطهىّ ٌُٖ جُـ ‪ٞٛ blocked form‬‬
‫ج‪ً٧‬ػٍ جْطهىجٓح ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ٖٓ هرَ ج‪ٌ٣ٍٓ٧‬حٕ‪ .‬ذ‪ٔ٘٤‬ح جُرٍ‪٣‬طحٗ‪ ٝ ٖ٤٤‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُى‪ٍٝ‬‬
‫ج‪ٌٝٝ٧‬ذ‪٤‬س ‪ٓ ٝ‬ؼظْ و‪ ٍٝ‬جُؼحُْ ضٓطهىّ ‪ ٝ indented form‬ذؼ‪ٓ٣ ْٜٟ‬طهىّ ‪hanging‬‬
‫‪ًٛ ٝ indented form‬ج ‪٣‬ؼطٔى ػِ‪٠ ٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جًٍُٗس جُط‪ ٠‬ضٌطد‪ .‬ضًًٍ هحػىز ‪three‬‬
‫‪ .rules‬جُلوٍز ج‪ ٠ُٝ٧‬ج‪٫‬كططحق‪٤‬س‪ ,‬غْ جُلوٍز جُػحٗ‪٤‬س ‪ the middle paragraph‬غْ جُلوٍز‬
‫جُػحُػس ‪.the closing paragraph‬‬
‫ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد أٌؾ‪ ٞ‬إٔ ضًٍُ ػِ‪ًٛ ٠‬ج جٌَُٗ ‪ ٝ‬ضؼط‪ ٚ٤‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س نح‪ٚ‬س‪.‬‬

‫‪67‬‬
Suggested diagram for a business letter showing of each part
and the number of spaces between them

REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT

Co. Ltd.
File: 22222 Tel: 676774 P.O file 2206
Ref -------------- Dear.-----------
2
Inside address
------------------- -
--------------------
2
Attention
2
Salutation
2
Subject Heading
2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Complimenatary
s.a
designation
2
Inc
2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

Suggested diagram for a business letter showing of each part

and the number of spaces between them

68
the ‫ٍ جٍُْحُس‬ٜ‫ ٓظ‬ٝ ‫حش جٍُْحُس‬٣ٞ‫ ٓكط‬ٝ ‫ٕ ٌَٖ جٍُْحُس‬ٌٞ٣ ‫ق‬٤ً ‫ ُ٘ح‬ٙ‫ِه‬٣ ٞٛ ٝ
.appearance
real estate investment company L.T.D ‫س‬٣ٌ‫ ًٍٖس جْطػٔحٌجش ػوح‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ ٞٛ ٝ
‫م جْْ جًٍُٗس غْ ذؼى يُي‬ٞ‫ٓس ك‬٣ٍٝ‫ق أضص جُط‬٤ً ‫قع‬٫ .ٍٙ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫وز ج‬ٝ‫ٔس جُٔكى‬ٛ‫جُٔٓح‬
.ٍٙ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬P.O ْ‫ غ‬date ‫ جُـ‬ٝ telephone number ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫ جُؼ‬ٝ telex number
the distance between the reference and the inside ‫ح جُٔٓحكس‬ٟ٣‫قع أ‬٫
inside ‫ ذؼى ًطحذس‬ٝ .‫ظ ٓٓحكحش‬٬‫ٕ هىٌ غ‬ٌٞ‫ كط‬address are three spaces
the attention ‫ ًطحذس جُـ‬٠‫ ٗرىأ ك‬ٙ‫ ذؼى‬ٝ ١‫ أًػٍ ٖٓ ن‬٠ِ‫ٌطد ػ‬٣ ٞٛ ٝ address
attention and ٖ٤‫ٖ ٓح ذ‬٤‫ ٓٓحكط‬tow spaces ‫ٕ ػ٘ىى‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٝ .‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫ذؼ٘ح‬
‫ٌذٔح ضؿى‬ٝ ‫ْ ؾىج‬ٜٓ ‫ًج‬ٛٝ ‫س‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫س ج‬٤‫ جُطك‬ٝ ‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫ٖ ػ٘ح‬٤‫ ذ‬ٟ‫ أ‬the salutation
:٠‫ض‬٥‫ ٓػَ ج‬ٚ٘‫ٓطكحٕ ػ‬٩‫ ج‬٠‫ْإجٍ ك‬
True or false:
The space between the inside address and the beginning of the
attention are three letters.
. tow spaces ‫كس‬٤‫ك‬ُٛ‫ٕ جُؿِٔس ج‬٧ false ‫ؾحذس‬٧‫رؼح ج‬٠
.ٍ‫ ٓػحٍ ُٓإجٍ آن‬ٝ
Is this a right order?
The inside address→ salutation → the attention
٠ُ‫ٕ ًحُطح‬ٌٞ٣ ‫ف‬٤‫ك‬ُٛ‫د ج‬٤‫ٕ جُطٍض‬٧ .‫رؼح نطأ‬٠
The inside address→ the attention→ salutation
.٠ُ‫ؾٔح‬٧‫ جُطحُد جُطٍضد ج‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ي ػ‬٤ُ‫ ئ‬ٝ

ٙ‫ذؼى‬ٝ( the attention ‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫ٖ) ← ذؼ٘ح‬٤٤‫ كٍجؿ‬ٙ‫ذؼى‬ٝ( ٠ِ‫ٕ جُىجن‬ٝ‫جُؼ٘ح‬

← )ٖ٤٤‫ح كٍجؿ‬ٛ‫ذؼى‬ٝ( subject heading ‫ع جٍُْحُس‬ٞٞٞٓ ← )ٖ٤٤‫كٍجؿ‬
.the body of the letter ‫ع جٍُْحُس‬ٞٞٞٓ
ٝ‫ أ‬7 ْ‫ ← غ‬the complimentary ‫غ نحضٔس جٍُْحُس‬ٟٗ ٝ ٖ٤‫غْ ٗطٍى نط‬
.the signature ‫غ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫غ جُط‬ٟٗ ٝ ‫ ٓٓحكحش‬8

NOTE:
69
The body of the letter should consist of three paragraphs, and we
should apply three paragraphs rule.
ًٍُُٔ‫ ج‬the position of the writer of the letter ٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ٣ ‫غ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ ٗؼِْ إٔ جُط‬ٝ
ٝ ْْ٫‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ ذ‬ٝ position ‫ٖ جُـ‬٤‫ٕ ذ‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ‫غ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ جُط‬ٝ .‫ ًحضد جٍُْحُس‬ِٚ‫ٗـ‬٣ ًُٟ‫ج‬
٠‫ظ كٍجؿحش غْ ضأض‬٬‫غ ٗطٍى غ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ذؼى جُط‬ٝ .‫ح ْحذوح‬ٛ‫ ضؼِٔ٘ح‬٠‫جػى جُط‬ٞ‫ ًَ جُو‬ٚ٤ِ‫ضطرن ػ‬
. the enclosure ‫جٍُٔكوحش‬the insider ‫ٍ ُـ‬ٛ‫ ٓهط‬٠ٛٝ Inc
‫ ذؼى‬ٝ ‫ ذؼى‬ٝ three spaces ‫٘حى‬ٛ signature and the enclosure ٖ٤‫ ذ‬ٚٗ‫ ضًًٍ ج‬ٝ
a copy of the ‫ جٍُْحُس‬٠‫غ ك‬ٟٗ ٕ‫ ئيج أٌوٗح أ‬two spaces ‫ ٗؿى‬enclosure ‫جُـ‬
ٌٖٔٓ ٝ ‫س‬٤ِٚ٧‫ٕ جٍُْحُس ج‬ٌٞ‫ إٔ ض‬٠ٍٖ ‫ٓص‬٤ُ ٝ ‫س ػٖ جٍُْحُس‬٤ٗ‫ٌز غح‬ٞٚ ٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ letter
.‫س‬٤ٗٞ‫ ٗٓم ًٍذ‬ٟ‫ أ‬carbon copy ٌٕٞ‫إٔ ض‬
And this shape is a suggested diagram for business letter showing
the location of each part and the number of line spacing which we
should leave between any two parts. And we call it the British
simplified style.
ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٠‫ جُط‬٠ٞ‫ ػىو جُهط‬ٝ ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ًج جٌَُٗ ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌَٖ ٓوطٍـ ٍُْحُس ج‬ٛ ٝ
.the British simplified style ٚ٤ٔٓٗ ٝ ٖ٤٤‫ ؾُت‬ٟ‫ٖ أ‬٤‫ح ذ‬ًٍٜ‫ٗط‬

َ٤ِ‫ف ٗططٍم ذؼى ه‬ٞٓ‫ ك‬.٠‫ض‬٥‫ع ج‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ ج‬٠‫ جُطحُد إٔ ضًٍُ ك‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ ٓ٘ي ػ‬ٞ‫ أٌؾ‬ٝ
ٕ‫ٓطكح‬٩‫ ج‬٠‫ ْإجٍ ك‬ٍٟ‫ ٌٖٓٔ ض‬ٝ ‫ْطٔرحش ٌُطحذس جٍُْحُس‬٧‫ ج‬styles ٖٓ ‫جع‬ٞٗ‫ أ‬9 ٠ُ‫ج‬
ٝ‫ٖ أ‬٤‫ ٓؼ‬style ٌَٖ ٠ِ‫ح ػ‬ٜ‫رط‬ٟ‫ِد ٓ٘ي إٔ ض‬٠‫ أ‬ٝ ‫ي ٌْحُس ٓطىجنِس‬٤‫ع أػط‬٤‫ ذك‬ٚ٘‫ػ‬
ٖ٤‫ ٓؼ‬١ٔٗ style ٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٝ ٖ٤‫ع ٓؼ‬ٞٞٞٓ ٠‫س ك‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ِد ٓ٘ي ًطحذس ٌْحُس ذحُِـس ج‬٠‫أ‬
:٠‫ض‬٥‫ ٌأِ جُٓإجٍ ًح‬ٍٟ‫ٌٖٓٔ ض‬ٝ ٍٙ٤‫ ؿ‬ٝ‫ أ‬.the British simplified style َ‫ٓػ‬
.complete in Blocked style
the ٞٛ ٝ .‫ٍ جُؼحّ ٍُِْحُس‬ٜ‫ جُٔظ‬ٝ‫ أ‬the appearance ‫ ضطؼِن ذـ‬٠‫جُط‬ٝ ‫جُ٘وطس جُهحٓٓس‬
‫ؼس‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٝ ٍٜ‫ ٓظ‬ٚ٤‫إغٍ ك‬٣ ‫ٓطِْ ٌْحُس‬٣ ٕ‫ ئٗٓح‬ٟ‫ ٗؼِْ إٔ أ‬ٝ .‫ جُٔـِق‬ٞٛ ٝ envelope
.ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٫‫ ج‬ٚ٤‫ؼط‬٣ ٝ the first impression ُٚ ‫ٓرد‬٣ ٝ ‫جُٔـِق‬

We should care about the shape of the envelope, and the type of
the envelope, the kind of the envelope and the size of the paper of
the envelope.
ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫س ٌْحتَ ج‬٤ِ‫ ضٌطد ػ‬ًُٟ‫ٌم ج‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٠‫ح ك‬ٛ‫ يًٍٗح‬ًُٟ‫ ج‬٠ٍُٝٗ‫ ًَ ج‬٠‫ؿد إٔ ضٍجػ‬٤‫ك‬
‫ جُٔـِق‬ٝ‫ف أ‬ٍٝ‫جع جُٔظ‬ٞٗ‫ أ‬ٝ ّ‫قؿح‬٨ُ ٝ ‫وز‬ٞ‫ح ُِؿ‬ٟ٣‫س أ‬ٚ‫س نح‬٣‫ ػ٘ح‬٠‫ؿد إٔ ضؼط‬٣ ٝ
‫س‬٤‫ل‬٤ً ٝ ‫ جٍُْحُس‬ٟٞ٠ ‫س‬٤ٟ‫طٔحّ ذو‬ٛ٫‫ؿد ج‬٣ ‫ح‬ٟ٣‫ أ‬ٝ .‫ جٍُْحُس‬ٚ٤‫غ ك‬ٞٞ‫ف ض‬ْٞ ًُٟ‫ج‬
.‫ْ ؾىج‬ٜٓ ‫ح‬ٟ٣‫ًج أ‬ٛ ٝ ‫ٌم جٍُْحُس وجنَ جُٔـِق‬ٝ ‫غ‬ٞٝ
71
Because it will reflect the image and we will reflect ourselves
when we send a message. Also the envelope is a part of our
message. In addition, it will reflect the first impression. And will
explained the important of the first impression.
ًُٟ‫ٍ ج‬ٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٫‫ ج‬٠‫ؼط‬٣ ٞٛ ٝ .‫ ؾُء ٖٓ جٍُْحُس‬ٞٛ – ‫٘ح‬٤‫كحُٔـِق –ٖث٘ح أّ أذ‬
.َ‫ ٖٓ هر‬ٚ‫ط‬٤ٔٛ‫ك٘ح أ‬ٞٝ
5- Envelope:
Business firms usually use envelopes of the same quality as the
paper of their letters.
‫ ضٌطد‬ًُٟ‫ٌم ج‬ُٞ‫وز ج‬ٞ‫ق ذ٘لّ ؾ‬٣ٌ‫ جُٔ٘ظٔحش ضٓطهىّ ٓظح‬ٝ ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ٓؼظْ ٓإْٓحش ج‬
.َ‫ جٍُْحت‬ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬
They are printed with the name and the logo in the top left-hand
corner.
‫س‬٣ٝ‫ جُُج‬the top left-hand corner ٠ِ‫ ػ‬the logo ٌ‫ جُٗؼح‬ٝ ْْ٫‫ك٘كٖ ٗطرغ ج‬
.ٍٟٓ٤ُ‫ح ج‬٤ِ‫جُؼ‬
On the reverse side, envelopes are manufactured in various shapes
and size.
and here are ّ‫ ذؼىز جقؿح‬ٝ ٍ‫ق ذؼىز أٌٖح‬٣ٌ‫ ضطرغ جُٔظح‬٠‫ جُؿحٗد جُهِل‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٝ
‫ي‬٣‫ف ُى‬ُٞ‫ح ٓأ‬ٜٔ‫ق أػطوى إٔ ٓؼظ‬٣ٌ‫ح‬ُٟٔ‫ٓػِس ٖٓ ج‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ‫٘ح ذؼ‬ٛٝ some example
.‫ جُطحُد‬٠٣ُ‫ػ‬
Commercial envelope:‫اىْىع األوه‬

ٞٛ ‫ ًٔح‬ٝ ‫ػح‬ٞ٤ٖ ٍ‫ًػ‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ ٌٟ‫ع جُطؿح‬ُٞ٘‫ ج‬the commercial envelope ٞٛ ٝ

ٌٞ‫ ضط‬ٝ A4 ‫ٌم‬ٝ ً‫ ضأن‬ٝ ‫ًػٍ جْطهىجٓح‬٧‫ ج‬ٞٛ ‫ًج‬ٛٝ .‫ّ ػ٘ىى‬ٍُْٞٔ‫ جٌَُٗ ج‬٠‫ف ك‬ٞٞٓ
َ‫ح ٓػ‬ِٜ‫ إٔ ٗؿؼ‬٠٘‫جقىز ذٔؼ‬ٝ ‫ح ٍٓز‬ٜ٣ٞ‫ ٗط‬A4 ‫س‬٤‫ػ‬ٞٗ ٖٓ ٠ٛ ٠‫ٌم جُط‬ُٞ‫ إٔ ج‬ٟ‫ أ‬.ٖ٤‫ٍٓض‬
ٝ commercial envelope ٚ٤ٔٓٗ ‫ًج جُٔـِق‬ٛ ٝ .‫ح وجنَ جُٔـِق‬ٜ‫ؼ‬ٟٗ ٝ ٖ٤‫ٌهط‬ٝ
and it folded twice
It is the most popular take 4 sheets folded twice. Again it is the
most popular.

70
 Window envelope:‫اىْىع اىخبّى‬

٠‫جٗني أٗنص ػِن‬ٞ٘‫ٕ ػ‬ٞ‫ٌن‬٣ ‫رؼنع ُني جُر٘ني ٌْنحُس‬٣ ‫ كؼ٘نىٓح‬.‫ى‬ٞ‫ ٌْنحتَ جُر٘ن‬٠‫ًج ك‬ٛ ٍٟ‫ ض‬ٝ
‫نًج‬ٛ ٝ .‫ وجننَ جُٔـِنق‬ٚ‫ جٌُطنحخ ٗلٓن‬٠‫ػنح ػِن‬ٞ‫ٕ ٓطر‬ٞ‫ٌن‬٤‫ ه‬.‫ جُٔـِنق‬٠‫و كن‬ٞ‫ؾن‬ُٞٔ‫جُٗرحى ج‬
.‫ى‬٤‫رؼح جٗطرحع ؾ‬٠ ٠‫ؼط‬٣
It will reflect a good image about the bank, company, and the
sender specially the firm or the company which dealing with the
service. Because the service is intangible. Service is not good, not
physical, not product and services is not tangabile so It deosn't
have a physical part which is the most important part of the
market. So by that way we can convert the untangible to tangible
in the seervices product.
ٝ .‫وز جُهىٓنس‬ٞ‫ ؾن‬٠‫نس ػِن‬٣‫ى جُٔحو‬ٛ‫ج‬ٞ‫ؼطرنٍ ٓنٖ جُٗن‬٣ ًٟ‫ جُن‬ٝ ‫ٍ جُٔـِنق‬٬‫ ٗكٖ ٖٓ نن‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣
ٕ٫ .‫ق‬٣ٞ‫ جُطٓن‬٠‫ٔنس كن‬ُٜٔ‫نٍ جُٓنرؼس ج‬ٚ‫نس ضؼطرنٍ ٓنٖ جُؼ٘ح‬٣‫ثس جُٔحو‬٤‫ جُر‬ٝ‫س أ‬٣‫ى جُٔحو‬ٛ‫ج‬ُٞٗ‫ج‬
‫ى‬ٛ‫ج‬ٞ‫ جُٗن‬٠‫ؿند إٔ ًٍٗنُ ػِن‬٣ ‫٘ح‬ٛ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ .‫ْس‬ِٞٔٓ ٍ٤‫ ٖٓ جُٔ٘طؿحش جُـ‬٠ٛ ٞٛ ‫جُهىٓس‬
ٝ .‫ِي‬ٜ‫نٖ جُٔٓنط‬ٛ‫ ي‬٠‫ِ كن‬ِٞٔٓ ٠ُ‫ِ ج‬ِٞٔٓ ٍ٤‫َ جُـ‬٣ٞ‫ٌٖٔ ضك‬٣ ‫ح‬ُٜ٬‫ ٖٓ ن‬٠‫ جُط‬ٝ ‫س‬٣‫جُٔحو‬
. physical evidence ٖٔٞ َ‫ىن‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬
So it consider as physical evidence by which we can change
intangible into tangible. And it also reflect a good image about our
self and bout our product.
About the shape of this envelope we can consider that it has a cut
out through it the address can be read.
.َ‫خ ذحُىجن‬ٞ‫جٕ جٌُٔط‬ٞ٘‫ػرحٌز ػٖ كطكس ذحٍُْحُس ذآٌحٗي جٕ ضوٍأ جُؼ‬

:By Airmail envelope ‫اىْىع اىخبىج‬

72
‫‪ٓ٣ ٝ‬طهىّ ٍُِْحتَ جُط‪ ٠‬ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ جُط‪ٍ٤‬جٕ أ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُ٘وَ جُؿ‪٠ ٝ .ٟٞ‬رؼح ضٌ‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫نل‪٤‬لس جُ‪ٔٔٛٓ ٝ َٕٞ‬س ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ؾ‪٤‬ىز ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٠٩‬حٌ ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪ٌَ٧‬م ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬قٍٔ ‪٣ ٝ‬و‪ٛ‬ى ‪٘ٛ‬ح‬
‫قى‪ٝ‬و‪ٛ‬ح ذح‪ٌَ٧‬م ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬قٍٔ‪.‬‬
‫‪By Air maile envelope: it has a red and blue borders. And the‬‬
‫‪words BY AIRMAIL are printed on its outside in the bottom left‬‬
‫‪corner.‬‬
‫‪ٌٓ ٌٕٞ٣ ٝ‬ط‪ٞ‬خ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ذحُكٍ‪ٝ‬ف جٌُر‪ٍ٤‬ز ‪ٓ ٝ BY AIR MAIL‬ؼ٘ح‪ٛ‬ح ذ‪ٞ‬جْس جُرٍ‪٣‬ى‬
‫جُؿ‪ ٝ ٟٞ‬ضٌ‪ٌٓ ٕٞ‬ط‪ٞ‬ذس أْلَ جُُج‪٣ٝ‬س جُ‪ ٍٟٓ٤‬ذحُ٘ٓرس ُِٔـِق ًٔح ‪ٝ ٞٛ‬ج‪ٞ‬ف ك‪ ٠‬جٌَُٗ‪.‬‬

‫‪BY AIRMAIL‬‬

‫اىْىع اىراثع ‪Trap envelope:‬‬

‫‪It permit content to be examined without being spoilt. And it‬‬
‫‪called Trap enveloped.‬‬
‫‪ًٛ‬ج جُ٘‪ٞ‬ع ‪ٓ ٝ Trap enveloped ٚٗٞٔٓ٣‬ؼ٘‪ًِٔ ٠‬نس ‪ٛٓ trap‬ن‪٤‬ىز ذٔؼ٘ن‪ٓ ٠‬نٖ أؾنَ جُنـ‬
‫‪ .security‬جقطننٍجَج ٓننٖ جُٔهننح‪ ٍ٠‬جُطنن‪ٌٔٓ ٠‬ننٖ إٔ ض‪ٞ‬ؾننى ٓػننَ جُٔلٍهؼننحش ‪ ٝ‬ؿ‪ٍٛ٤‬ننح‪ٝ .‬‬
‫ذحُطحُ‪ ٫ ٠‬ذى إٔ ضه‪ٟ‬غ ُلك‪ ٖٓ ٘ٞ‬ذؼى جُؿ‪ٜ‬حش جُط‪٣ ٠‬كنن ُ‪ٜ‬نح إٔ ضلنطف ‪ٛ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جٍُْنحُس‪ٝ .‬‬
‫ٖٓ أؾَ ج‪ ٫‬ضلٓى جٍُْحُس‪ ٝ .‬جأؾَ إٔ ‪٣‬طٔثٖ ْحػ‪ ٠‬جُرٍ‪٣‬ى ‪ًًُ ٝ‬ي جُؿ‪ٜ‬نحش ج‪٤٘ٓ٧‬نس ك‪ٜ‬نًج‬
‫جُٔـِق ضٓطط‪٤‬غ كطكس ذٌَ ذٓح‪٠‬س ‪ ٝ‬كك‪ٓ ٙ‬ح ذ‪ ٚ‬غْ جٌؾحػ‪ًٔ ٚ‬ح ًحٕ‪٣ٝ .‬طْ يُني ٓنٖ كرنَ‬
‫ٓنن‪ٞ‬ظل‪ ٠‬جُرٍ‪٣‬ننى ئيج ًننحٕ ‪ٞ‬ننٍ‪٣ٌٝ‬ح‪ٝ .‬يُنني ذننى‪ ٕٝ‬ئكٓننحو جٍُْننحُس‪ٛ ٕ٫ .‬ننىك٘ح ‪٠‬رؼننح ‪ٛ‬نن‪ٞ‬‬
‫جُٔكحكظس ػِ‪ ٠‬جٍُْحُس‪.‬‬

‫اىْىع اىخبٍش و اآلخير ‪post office preference:‬‬

‫‪Post office preference envelope: This kind of envelopes which is‬‬
‫‪mostly used in Britain.‬‬
‫‪ًٛ ٝ‬ج جُ٘‪ٞ‬ع ‪ٓ٣‬طهىّ ك‪ ٠‬ذٍ‪٣‬طحٗ‪٤‬ح‪٫ ٝ .‬قع إٔ جُرٍ‪٣‬طحٗ‪٣ ٖ٤‬كر‪ ٕٞ‬إٔ ‪٣‬طٔ‪ُٝ٤‬ج ذه‪٤ٚٞٛ‬س‬
‫ك‪٠ٖ ًَ ٠‬ء‪ْٞ .‬جء ك‪ْٞ ٝ style of letters ٠‬جء ك‪٠ ٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جٍُْحُس أ‪ ٝ‬ك‪٠‬‬
‫‪ envelope‬قط‪ ٠‬ئٗ‪ٞٗٔ٣ ْٜ‬ج ػٌّ جضؿح‪ ٙ‬جُٓ‪ .ٍ٤‬ك‪ ْٜ‬وجتٔح ‪٣ٍ٣‬ى‪ٝ‬ج إٔ ‪٣‬طٔ‪ُٝ٤‬ج‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ٗ ٕ٥‬أض‪ ٠‬ئُ‪ٞٞٞٓ ٠‬ع آنٍ ‪٤ً ٞٛ ٝ addressing the envelop ٞٛ ٝ‬ق ضؼ٘‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫جُٔـِق‪ .‬أ‪٤ً ٝ‬ق ضٌطد جُؼ٘‪ٞ‬جٕ ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٔـِق‪.‬‬
‫‪73‬‬
 Addressing the envelope
The three important requirements of addressing the envelope are:
1- Accuracy
2- Clearness
3- Good appearance
:٠ٛ ‫ف‬ٍٝ‫ جُٔظ‬ٝ‫ٗس جُٔـِق أ‬ٞ٘‫ ػ‬٠‫س ك‬٤ْ‫ْح‬٧‫ظ ٓططِرحش ج‬٬‫جُػ‬
.‫ جُىهس‬-3
‫ـ‬ُٞٞٞ‫ ج‬-9
ّ‫ٍ جُؼح‬ٜ‫ جُٔظ‬-3

Useful suggestion to ensure speed delivery

‫اقتراحبد ٍفيذح حتى تؤمذ صرعخ ايصبه اىرصبىخ‬

1- Type the name and the address in the part of the envelope and
start from the middle. The Blocked style is recommended.
ٕ‫ ٓغ جُؼِْ ذأ‬١ُْٞ‫ جذىأ ٖٓ ج‬ٝ ‫ ٖٓ جُٔـِق‬ٙٛ‫ جُؿُء جُٔه‬٠‫جٕ ك‬ٞ٘‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ْْ٫‫جًطد ج‬
.‫ف‬٣ٍٓ ٞٛ ٚٗ٧ ٠ًًُٔ‫ ج‬ٞٛ Blocked style ‫جُـ‬

2- Type your correspondent's; full name, post town, postcode.

.ٍ‫ ُِوط‬ٟ‫ى‬٣ٍ‫ػح ذحٍُُٓ جُر‬ٞ‫ ٓطر‬ٚٗ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫ ػ‬ٝ َٓ‫ ذٌَٗ ًح‬ٚ٤ُ‫جًطد جْْ جٍَُْٔ ئ‬

3- Type the post town in Block capital letters, unless the post
office approves the abbreviation. Therefore, instead of writing
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia you can use K.S.A.
‫ ئيج ً٘ص‬٫‫ ئ‬.َٓ‫ ًًُي جْْ جُوطٍ ذٌَٗ ًح‬ٝ ‫ٍز‬٤‫ف ًر‬ٍٝ‫ ُِرِىز ذك‬ٟ‫ى‬٣ٍ‫جًطد جٍُُٓ جُر‬
ٍ‫ ُطى‬K.S.A ‫ٌٔ٘ي إٔ ضٌطد‬٤‫ ك‬.‫طِف‬ُٛٔ‫ًج ج‬ٛ ‫ج‬ٜٞٔ‫ل‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫ى‬٣ٍ‫ جُر‬٠‫ظل‬ٞٓ ٕ‫ٓطأًى أ‬
ٝ ‫س‬٤ٌ٣ٍٓ٧‫حش جُٔطكىز ج‬٣٫ُٞ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ُس ػ‬٫‫ ُِى‬U.S.A ٝ‫ أ‬.‫س‬٣‫و‬ٞ‫س جُٓؼ‬٤‫ جٌُِٔٔس جُؼٍذ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
.‫ًٌج‬ٛ
4- Fix the stamp on the right-hand corner.
.٠٘ٔ٤ُ‫س ج‬٣ٝ‫ جُُج‬٠ِ‫غ جُطحذغ ػ‬ٟ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣

74
5- Mailing notation should be typed in Block capitals as
CONFIDENTIAL or PERSONAL. And they should be
underlined.
.١‫ح ن‬ٜ‫غ ضكط‬ٞٞ٣ ٕ‫ أ‬ٝ ٍ٤‫ ًر‬١‫ؿد إٔ ضٌطد ذه‬٣ ٝ ٘‫ نح‬ٝ ٍْٟ َ‫قظحش ٓػ‬٬ٓ

6- If there is an attention in the inside address, it should be typed

in a similar way.
ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫وس غْ جُؼ‬٣ٍ‫ؿد إٔ ضطرغ ذ٘لّ جُط‬٤‫ ك‬٠ِ‫جٕ جُىجن‬ٞ٘‫ جُؼ‬٠‫ى ك‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫٘حى ذؼ٘ح‬ٛ ٕ‫ئيج ًح‬
.‫ آنٍ ٗوطس‬ٝ ٠ِ‫جُىجن‬
7- Use one single space when typing the addresses.
.‫ جُٔـِق‬٠ِ‫جٕ ػ‬ٞ٘‫جقى ػ٘ىٓح ضطرغ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫جْطهىّ كٍجؽ‬
٠‫ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‬٠ِ‫ جُكِوس ػ‬ًٙٛ ‫س‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠ُ‫َ ئ‬ٛٗ ٝ ,‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫ أػُجت‬,ٌ‫ًج جُوى‬ٜ‫ ذ‬٠‫ٌٗطل‬
‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬ٝ ٍ٤‫ٖ وٓطْ ذه‬٤‫ يُي جُك‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬٠ُ‫جُكِوس جُوحوٓس ئٕ ٖحء هللا ضؼح‬
.ٚ‫ ذًٍحض‬ٝ

‫اىَحبضرح اىعبشرح‬

75
‫ جُكِوس جُٓحوْس‬٠‫ ذٌْ ك‬٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‫ أ‬ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ جُطِرس ج‬٠‫أػُجت‬
٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٚ‫ٍز جُٓحذو‬ٞ‫ جُٔكح‬٠‫ ضطٍه٘ح ك‬.‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬ْ‫ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓج‬
٠ِ‫ ًٌُٗح ػ‬ٝ ‫ٍ جُؼحّ ٍُِْحُس‬ٜ‫ جُٔظ‬general appearance of letter ‫ع‬ٞٞٞٓ
ٌَٔٗ ٝ ٍٝ‫ف ٗط٘ح‬ْٞ ٝ boy of the letter ‫ح‬ٜ٘ٔٞ ٖٓ ٝ ‫ أؾُجء جٍُْحُس‬ٝ‫ذؼ‬
‫ ًٔح يًٍٗح‬ٝ ‫ٍ جٍُْحُس‬ٜ‫ق ضظ‬٤ً ٝ‫ جٍُْحُس أ‬ٍٜ‫ٍم ػ‬٠ ٝ‫ أ‬ٍٜ‫ جُؼ‬٠‫ع أٗٔح‬ٞٞٞٓ
: ‫جع‬ٞٗ‫٘ح ْطس أ‬٣‫ْحذوح إٔ ُى‬
Styles of display:
Letter display styles have rapidly changed and developed from the
older one "fully indented" to the Blocked.
٠‫ جُٔطىٌؼ جٌُحَٓ ئُن‬ٞٛ ٝ fully indented ٞٛ ٝ ٌَٖ ّ‫ جٍُْحُس ٖٓ أهى‬٠‫ش أٗٔح‬ٞ‫ضط‬
.٠ْ‫ جٍُأ‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ ٓح‬ٝ‫ أ‬Blocked
Choosing any of these styles is decided by the firm concerned and
may depend on the employer's reference
ٝ ‫ يجى‬ٝ‫ أ‬style ٖ‫ع ٓن‬ٞ‫نًج جُ٘ن‬ٜ‫طٔس ذ‬ُٜٔ‫ جًٍُٗس ج‬ٌٍٙ‫ ضو‬٠‫ٗٔح‬٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٖٓ ‫جقى‬ٝ ٟ‫حٌ أ‬٤‫جنط‬
.‫ جٍُٔجؾغ‬ٝ‫ٖ أ‬٤ٓ‫ جُٔٓطهى‬٠ِ‫ؼطٔى ػ‬٣ ‫ًج ٌذٔح‬ٛ
And may depend on the employer reference and these are called
rules of the house.
ٝ ٌٙ‫ؿند إٔ ضهطنح‬٣ ًٟ‫ جٍُْنحُس جُن‬١‫ ٗٔن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ‫طؼِن ذـ ٓنح‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ ٍُُ٘ٔ‫ هحػىز ج‬ٚ٤ٔٓٗ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ
"rules of the house" ‫طِف‬ٛٓ ٠ِ‫ ئيج ًٍُٗ ػ‬ٚ٤ِ‫ ٌٗطد ٌْحُط٘ح ذ٘حء ػ‬ٝ ٙ‫ضؼطٔى‬
What does it mean?
It means the type of style that the company or the writer chooses
to write the letter.

1- the fully indenden:

(the oldest one) ‫اىَتذرد اىنبٍو‬
This style has become obsolete and rarely seen nowadays because
it is time consuming and the parts are scattered over the page.
‫ِي‬ٜ‫ٓط‬٣ ٚٗ٧ ّ‫ح‬٣٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٍٟ٣ ‫ ٗحوٌج ٓح‬ٝ ‫ِي‬ٜ‫رف ٓٓط‬ٚ‫ْ ؾىج أ‬٣‫ هى‬ٚٗ٧ ‫ع‬ُٞ٘‫ًج ج‬ٛ ‫ئيج‬
ًٙٛ ٠ِ‫ؿد إٔ ضًٍُ ػ‬٣ ٝ ‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ ٓرؼػٍز ػ‬ٚ٤‫ٕ أؾُجء جٍُْحُس ك‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫هص‬ُٞ‫ج‬
ٍ‫ي ْإج‬٤ِ‫طٍـ ػ‬٣ ٕ‫ ٖٓ جٌُٖٔٔ أ‬ٚٗ٧ ‫جُ٘وطس‬
Why has the fully indented become obsolete? Because it's time
consuming

76
 ‫ٕ أؾُجء جٍُْحُس ٓرؼػٍز‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬ٝ and the parts are scattered ‫هص‬ُٞ‫ٓطـٍم ج‬٣ ٚٗ٧
disadvantage of the fully indented so it's rarely ٖٓ ًٙٛ ٝ ‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
‫ف‬ٞٞٓ ٞٛ ٝ .ْ٣‫ هى‬ٞٛ ‫ ئيج‬,ّ‫ح‬٣٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٍٟ٣ ‫ًج جُٓرد ٗحوٌج ٓح‬ُٜ ٝ seen nowadays
.‫ جٍُْحُس‬ًُٜٙ ٌَُٗ‫ًج ج‬ٛ ٠‫ك‬

ARAB FINANCE CORPORATION

Our Ref KJ/BG ….

Reg BG/

The general trading co

P.o 7225
Amman Jordan
Dear sirs.
OUR ORDER NO.3
We are pleased to inform you that items dispatched by
you with your advice dated 12th march have arrived in
good condition.
The special container has today been returned to you
by trucks carriage forward and we shall be glad if you will
credit us with the sum of ID5 charges for these items.
Yours faithfully
Ghaleb Pustangy
Fully-intended style (1)

٠‫ؼ٘نن‬٣Arab finance corporation ٖ‫ ػرننحٌز ػنن‬ٞ‫نن‬ٛ ٝ ‫ جٍُْننحُس‬ًٙ‫نن‬ُٜ ٌَ‫ننًج جُٗنن‬ٛ

٠‫ج كن‬ًًٍٝ‫ ذحْنْ جُٗنًٍس ضن‬heading ‫ جُنـ‬٠‫٘ح ك‬٤‫رؼح ٗكٖ جً٘ل‬٠ ,‫س‬٤‫س جُؼٍذ‬٤ُ‫جُٔإْٓس جُٔح‬
‫ ذؿنُء‬١‫٘ح كو‬٤‫٘ح جًطل‬ٛ ٖ‫ ٌُٖ ٗك‬,‫ ػٍٗ ٗوطس‬ٟ‫ٕ ػ٘ىٗح جقى‬ٌٞ٣ ٌٖٔٓ heading parts
٠‫ كن‬ٚ‫نؼ‬ٟ‫ٍ إٔ ض‬ٝ‫ قنح‬our reference KJ/ and your reference ‫قنع‬٫ .‫جقنى‬ٝ
So the date and the reference should .3229 ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ date ‫قع جُـ‬٫.‫جُٔوىٓس‬
come on the first and on the same line.

77
‫ننح‬ٜ٤ُ‫جٕ جُٗننًٍس جٍُْٔننَ ج‬ٞ‫ ػ٘نن‬General Trading Company ٕ‫ج‬ٞ‫قننع جُؼ٘نن‬٫
.‫ ذؼى يُي‬ٝ .‫كح‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ

Dear Sirs, we are pleased to inform you that items dispatched by

you with you advice dated 12th march have arrived in good
condition.
‫غس ُٔح؟‬٬‫ ٖٓ غ‬٫‫ٖ ذى‬٤‫ جٍُْحُس جْطهىٓ٘ح كوٍض‬ًٙٛ ٠‫قع ك‬٫
Because the letter is small, so we can – sometimes- use two
paragraphs but, it's betters to use thee paragraphs specially if the
letter long or medium.
٠ُٝ٧‫ جُلوٍز ج‬٠‫قع ك‬٫ .‫ظ كوٍجش‬٬‫َ جْطهىجّ غ‬ٟ‫ل‬٣ ‫ٍز‬٤ٛ‫ ه‬ٝ‫ِس أ‬٣ٞ٠ ‫جيج ًحٗص جٍُْحُس‬
‫س ٗطٍى‬٤ٗ‫ جُلوٍز جُػح‬٠‫ء ك‬٢ُٗ‫ ٗلّ ج‬ٝ 8 spaces ٠ُ‫ج‬ٞ‫ ٗطٍى ٓٓحكس ق‬, space ‫ٗطٍى‬
. ten spaces
We left space on the first line of the first paragraph about ten
spaces and we make the same thing in the second paragraph.
The special containers have today been returned to you by trucks
carriage forward and ‫جْطس ٖحق٘حش‬ٞ‫ح ٌُْ ذ‬ٜ‫ّ ضْ جػحوض‬ٞ٤ُ‫س ج‬ٚ‫حش جُهح‬٣ٝ‫جُكح‬
we shall be glad if you will credit us with the sum of … JD5
charges for these items.
‫ ؾحءش‬ٝ ٌُْ ِٙ‫جُٔه‬Yours faithfully .‫س‬٤‫ جُطِر‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬٠‫ج ُ٘ح جُػٖٔ جُٔطرو‬ٍِْٞ‫ ض‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣
‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ.‫لكس‬ُٛ‫س ج‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ ك‬٠ِ‫ ؾحءش ػ‬ٝ enclosure ٍَُْٔ‫ غْ جْْ ج‬٠٘ٔ٤ُ‫س ج‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
ُ٤ٔ‫ جُطحُد إٔ ض‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ ؾىج ػ‬ٌٍُٟٟٝ‫ ٖٓ ج‬ٝ fully-indented style ٚ٤ٔٓٗ ٌَُٗ‫ج‬
and to know how to arrange the parts of the ‫ جُٔهطِوس‬٠‫ٗٔح‬٧‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ٓح ذ‬
ٍ‫ جُٓإج‬ٝ‫ أ‬style َ٤‫ْط‬٧‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ ذ٘حء ػ‬letters according to a particular style
.٠‫ٗٔح‬٧‫س ُطِي ج‬٤ٓ٤‫ٖ جٍُت‬٣ٝ‫ٕ ِْٓ ذحُٓص ػ٘ح‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫ جيج أٗص‬١‫ كو‬ٚ‫ ٗطِر‬ًُٟ‫ج‬

2- the smi- indented:

This style was very common but nowadays it's rather old fashion.
.‫ح‬٤‫ْ ٗٓر‬٣‫ع هى‬ٞٗ ٍ‫ؼطر‬٣ ّ‫ح‬٣٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٌُٖ ‫ جُٔطىٌؼ ًحٕ ٖحتؼح ؾىج‬ٚ٤‫ ٖر‬ٞٛ ٝ ١ُٔ٘‫ًج ج‬ٛ
The essential feature of this style is the blocking if the inside
address.
ٖ‫ف ػ‬٬‫نط‬٫‫ ج‬ٞٛ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ ٝ‫ ضكص ذؼ‬ِٚٔ‫ ٗؼ‬ٟ‫ أ‬blocked ٚ‫ ٌٗطر‬٠ِ‫جٕ جُىجن‬ٞ٘‫ جُؼ‬ٟ‫أ‬
Arab Finance ‫ ٌْحُس‬ٞٛ ٢‫ض‬٧‫ جٌَُٗ ج‬ٝ ٝ‫ف جٍُْحُس ٓغ ذؼ‬ٞٗٗ ‫٘ح‬٤ِ‫ ن‬indented
.semi-indented ‫خ‬ِْٞ‫ ٌُٖ ًطرص ذأ‬ٝ ‫ ٗلّ جٍُْحُس‬ٟ‫ أ‬Corporation
78
 ARAB FINANCE CORPORATION

Our Ref KJ/BG …. Date:1996

Reg BG/

The general trading co

P.o 7225
Amman Jordan
Dear sirs.
OUR ORDER NO.3
We are pleased to inform you that items dispatched by
you with you advice dated 12th march have arrived in good
condition.
The special containers have today been returned to you
by trucks carriage forward and we shall be glad if you will
credit us with the sum of ID5 charges for these items.
Yours faithfully
Ghaleb Pustangy

Indented style
ٝ ٍ٤٤‫ ضـ‬ٟ‫ْ أ‬ُٜ ‫كىظ‬٣ ُْ our reference, our reference and the date ‫قع‬٫
ٝ P.O Jordan ٠‫ ًًُي ك‬ٝ the general trading company ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫ جُؼ‬٠‫ًًُي ك‬
ٖ‫ف ػ‬٬‫نط‬٫‫ًج ج‬ٛ ٝ ١‫ر‬ُٟ‫ ذح‬ٝ‫ْ ضكص ذؼ‬ٛ‫ؼ٘ح‬ٞٝ ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫غس أْطٍ جُؼ‬٬‫ غ‬٠‫قع ك‬٫
ٖ٤‫ ذ‬distance ‫قع جُـ‬٫ dear sir our order no…. ‫ؼ٘ح‬ٞٝ ْ‫ غ‬fully indented
‫س جُلوٍز‬٣‫ى ذىج‬ٛ‫ ٗو‬,‫ح ضًٍ٘ح كٍجؽ‬ٟ٣‫س جُلوٍز أ‬٣‫ ذىج‬٠‫س جُلوٍز ٌُٖ ك‬٣‫ ذىج‬ٝ our older
yours faithfully ‫ أٓح ًِٔس‬.‫س‬٤ٗ‫س جُلوٍز جُػح‬٣‫ ذىج‬٠‫ ًًُي ك‬ٝ ٍٝ٧‫ جُٓطٍ ج‬٠‫ ك‬٠ُٝ٧‫ج‬
‫ جُؿحٗد‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٝ‫ كوى ؾحءج ضكص ذؼ‬٠‫ْط٘حؾ‬ٞ‫ ؿحُد ذ‬Galeb Pustangy ‫ ًًُي‬ٝ
semi-intended ٚ٤ٔٓٗ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ .٠ٛ ‫ كوى ظِص ًٔح‬enclosure ‫ ٌُٖ ًِٔس‬.ٖٔ٣٧‫ج‬

79
The Balgiam General ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫قع جُؼ‬٫ ٌُٖ style (with close punctuation)
.ٝ‫ح ؾحءش ضكص ذؼ‬ًِٜ P.O. ‫ ًًُي‬ٝ trading
ٖٓ ‫ًٌج ذحُطىٌؼ ضىٌؾ٘ح‬ٛ ‫قع‬٫ semi-blocked ٞٛ ٝ ‫ع جُػحُع‬ُٞ٘‫ ج‬٠ُ‫٘ح ٗ٘طوَ ئ‬٤ِ‫ن‬
semi-intended ‫ ئيج‬semi-blocked ْ‫ غ‬semi-intended ْ‫ غ‬fully intended
‫ف‬٬‫نط‬٫‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ جُطحُد جُطىٌؼ‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ْ ػ‬ٜ‫ ٖٓ أؾَ إٔ ٗل‬semi-blocked ٌ‫ج‬ٞ‫ذؿ‬
.ٚ٤ِ٣ ًُٟ‫َ ج‬٤‫ْط‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ style ًَ ٖ٤‫ ذ‬slightly and step by step

The semi-Blocked:
This is another step forward the blocking.
٠‫ُ٘ح إٔ ٗططرغ أٗٔح‬ٝ‫حّ قح‬٣٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٝ ‫ػح‬ٞ٤ٖ ٍ‫ًػ‬٧‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬٫ٞٚ ٝ ْ٣‫ جق٘ح ذىأٗح ٖٓ جُوى‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣
. according to time ٠ُُ٘ٓ‫ح ج‬ٍٛٔ‫جٍُْحتَ قٓد ػ‬
Another step towards fully blocking is to have the paragraph
vertically blocked in addition to the inside address.
semi-indented ‫ جُـ‬٠‫ ضًًٍ ك‬.ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫ جُؼ‬٠ُ‫حكس ئ‬ٞ٩‫ ذح‬ٝ‫ ضكص ذؼ‬٠‫ًَ جُلوٍجش ضأض‬
the inside ٠ُ‫حكس ئ‬ٞ٩‫٘ح ًَ جُلوٍجش ذح‬ٛ ٌُٖ Blocked ٠‫جٕ ضأض‬ٞ٘‫هِ٘ح كوٍز جُؼ‬
‫ع‬ٞٞٞٓ ٍ‫ُج‬٣ ٫ .‫س‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ ج‬٠ٛ ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ جُطك‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ address and the salutation
the ‫ أٓح جُهحضٔس‬.‫ق‬ٛ‫ جُٔ٘ط‬٠‫ ك‬ٟ‫ أ‬the subject heading in the middle ‫جٍُْحُس‬
complimentary close and the signature remains in the right side
ً‫ ٗأن‬ٝ ‫جهغ‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ٌُ‫ًج ج‬ٛ ‫ف‬ٞٗٗ ‫٘ح‬٤ِ‫ ن‬.ٖٔ٣٧‫ جُؿحٗد ج‬٠ِ‫ُجٍ ػ‬٣ ٫ ‫غ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ٓكَ جُط‬ٝ
.‫قع‬٫ semi-blocked ‫َؼ ٌْحُس‬ٞٔٗ

81
 ARAB FINANCE CORPORATION
Our Ref KJ/BG …. Date:1996
Ref BG/

The general trading co

P.o 7225
Amman Jordan
Dear sirs.
OUR ORDER NO.3
We are pleased to inform you that items dispatched by you
with you advice dated 12th march have arrived in good
condition.
The special containers have today been returned to you by
trucks carriage forward and we shall be glad if you will credit
us with the sum of ID5 charges for these items.
Yours faithfully
Ghaleb Pustangy

(3) Semi-blocked style

.ٍ٤٤‫ ضـ‬ٟ‫ح أ‬ٜ٤ِ‫ؿٍ ػ‬٣ ُْ ‫ق‬ٛ‫ جُٔ٘ط‬٠‫َجُص ك‬٫ Arab Finance Corporation ‫قع‬٫
‫ج‬ٞ‫أض‬٣ ًِْٜ your reference and our reference and the address ‫أٓح‬
our normal order ٖٔ٣٧‫ جُؿحٗد ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬٠‫أض‬٣ date ٝ ٝ‫ ضكص ذؼ‬ٟ‫ أ‬Blocked
٠ِ‫ كٍجؽ ػ‬ٟ‫س َٓ ٗ٘طٍى أ‬٤ٗ‫ جُػح‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠ُٝ٧‫جء جُلوٍز ج‬ْٞ ‫س جُلوٍجش‬٣‫قع ذىج‬٫ .ٍ٤٤‫ٕ ضـ‬ٝ‫ذى‬
‫ كٍجؽ‬ٟ‫ ضطٍى أ‬٫ semi-blocked ٠‫ئيج ك‬.ِٚ‫ هر‬ًُٟ‫هطِق ػٖ ج‬٣ ‫ء‬٠ُٗ‫ًج ج‬ٛ ٝ ‫م‬٬٠٩‫ج‬
.‫م‬٬٠٩‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
We start on the left margin. All the paragraphs especially the first
line should be started from the left margin with leaving spaces in
the beginning of the first line on the second paragraph and so on.
So we should be care about this point remember the title also Dear
sirs.
The writer name remains at the left margin as well as yours
faithfully.

80
4- the fully blocked:
This style has been adopted by American firms.
Semi-intended ٠ُ‫ غْ ذؼى يُي ضطٍه٘ح ئ‬fully indented ٖٓ ‫قع جُطىٌؼ ذىأٗح‬٫
fully blocked ‫ أذىج يًٍٗح إٔ جُـ‬ٝ ‫ وجتٔح‬. semi-blocked ٠ُ‫ ذؼى يُي ضطٍه٘ح ئ‬ٝ
‫غ أؾُجء جٍُْحُس ضرىأ ٖٓ جُؿحٗد‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬.‫س‬٤ٌ٣ٍٓ٧‫ جًٍُٗحش ج‬ٝ ‫ْٓحش‬ُٞٔ‫ؼطٔى ٖٓ ج‬٣
.ٕ‫ٓطكح‬٫‫ ج‬٠‫ ُي ك‬٠‫ ٖٓ جٌُٖٔٔ ضأض‬ٝ ‫ جُ٘وطس‬ًُٜٙ ٚ‫ جٗطر‬.ٍٓ٣٧‫حٕٓ ج‬ُٜ‫ج‬
All parts of the letter start at the left margin.
1- Easy to follow information.
‫ٓحش‬ِٞ‫ ضطرغ جُٔؼ‬ْٚ
2- Easy to type with as the display is less involved.
‫ى‬٤‫ح ؾ‬ُٜ ّ‫ٍ جُؼح‬ٜ‫ٕ جُٔظ‬٧ ٍ‫ض‬ٞ٤‫ جٌُٔر‬٠ِ‫َ إٔ ضٌطد ػ‬ْٜ
3- More production with open punctuation
‫ـ‬ٞ‫ جُٔلط‬١٤‫س ذٍؿْ جُط٘و‬٤‫ٗطحؾ‬٩‫ ج‬٠‫َ ك‬ْٜ‫أ‬
fully ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ style ‫ًج‬ٛ ٖٓ ٌَٖ ٝ‫ أ‬form ٍْٟ٘ٝ ٠‫ جُ٘وح‬ًٙٛ ٠ِ‫ ذى إٔ ًٍُٗ ػ‬٫ ‫ئيج‬
‫ جُطحُنند‬ُٟ‫نن‬٣ُ‫ جٗنني ػ‬ٌٍٟٝ‫نن‬ٞ ٝ ٍٟ‫ٖننٔحٍ جُهنن‬٧‫ ٗوننحٌٕ ٓننغ ج‬ٝ Blocked style
‫ف يُي‬٬‫ّ ذه‬٬‫ْط‬٫‫جع ٌْحتَ ج‬ٞٗ‫ع ٖٓ أ‬ٞٗ ًَ ٝ ُ٤ٔ‫غ إٔ ض‬٤‫ضٓطط‬
You should pay more effort and you should consentrate and read
that if you can't do this that means that your understanding fir the
material is not enough. So you should pay more attention.
ٟ‫ ذأ‬ٝ ‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ ٌْحُس ذحُِـس ج‬ٟ‫ ًطحذس أ‬٠ِ‫ٕ هحوٌ ػ‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬٠‫ أًرٍ قط‬ٚ‫ؿد إٔ ضرًٍ ؾ‬٣
.‫ ذ٘لّ جٍُٓػس‬ٝ style
This is the American style or what they call the fully-blocked
style.

82
 ARAB FINANCE CORPORATION

Our Ref KJ/BG ….

Date:1996
Reg BG/
The general trading co
P.o 7225
Amman Jordan

Dear sirs.
OUR ORDER NO.3
We are pleased to inform you that items dispatched by you
with you advice dated 12th march have arrived in good
condition.
The special containers have today been returned to you by
trucks carriage forward and we shall be glad if you will credit
us with the sum of ID5 charges for these items.
Yours faithfully
Ghaleb Pustangy
Enc
(4)Fully Blocked [American]

Note ARAB FINANCE CORPORATION is in the middle. But

our reference comes in the left side. And the salutation comes in
the same side and aligned with it. So the salutation and Dear sir
and the Address comes according to the normal order. Paragraph
of the letter starts directly form the name of the writer of the letter.

5- The British simplified (refered to as Blocked)

The fifth style is the fully-blocked style or the The British
simplified

83
 ARAB FINANCE CORPORATION

Our Ref KJ/BG ….

Date:1996
Reg BG/
The general trading co
P.o 7225
Amman Jordan

Dear sirs.
OUR ORDER NO.3
We are pleased to inform you that items dispatched by you with
you advice dated 12th march have arrived in good condition.
The special containers have today been returned to you by trucks
carriage forward and we shall be glad if you will credit us with
the sum of ID5 charges for these items.
Yours faithfully
Ghaleb Pustangy
Enc
(5) The British simplified (refered to as Blocked)

The British simplified ‫ جُـ‬٠‫ح ْحذوح ًحٗص ك‬ٜ٤ِ‫ ٌٍٓٗح ػ‬٠‫ضًًٍ إٔ جٍُْحُس جُط‬
‫ جٌُحَٓ هٌٍش ػىز ٓإْٓحش إٔ ضكٍى‬ٟ‫و‬ٞٔ‫َؼ جُؼ‬ُٞٔ٘‫ ذؼى جْطهىجّ ج‬ٝ (Blocked)
.‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ ٖٓ ج‬٠ِٚ٧‫ ج‬ٚ‫ؼ‬ٞٝ ٠ُ‫ٍؾغ ج‬٣ ٠‫ قط‬٠٘ٔ٤ُ‫س ج‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠ُ‫م ج‬٣ٌ‫جُطح‬
After using the fully-blocked style many firms has decided to
move the date to the right side of the page to return to its normal
place. Because it makes the filling and the references esier and the
‫ٗحش‬ٌُٞٔ َٕ‫ج‬ٞ‫جع جُط‬ٞٗ‫ع ٖٓ أ‬ٞٗ ٠‫ ضؼط‬٠‫ قط‬letter looks more balanded.
.‫جٍُْحُس‬

84
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىحبديخ عشر‬

‫نس‬٣‫ جُكِونس جُكحو‬٠‫ ذٌنْ كن‬٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‫ أ‬.‫ ذًٍحضس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬,‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫أػُجت‬
‫ع جُكِونس جُٓنحذوس‬ٞ‫ن‬ُٞٞٔ ٫‫ جْنطٌٔح‬ٝ .‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬ْ‫ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓج‬
:ٚ٤‫ يًٍٗح ك‬ًُٟ‫ ج‬ٝ ْ٤‫ جُطٍه‬punctuation ‫ع‬ٞٞٞٓ ٠ُ‫س ج‬٤‫ ضطٍه٘ح ك‬٠‫ جُط‬ٝ
Type of punctuation, and we mentioned three typed of
punctuation; open punctuation, mixed punctuation, and closed
punctuation. And we that there are no punctuation marks at all in
open punctuation.
‫ٓنحش‬٬‫ ػ‬ٟ‫ؾنى أ‬ٞ٣ ٫ open punctuation ‫نغ أؾنُجء جٍُْنحُس ذحُ٘ٓنرس ُِنـ‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬٠‫ئيج كن‬
ٝ‫ْ ذؼن‬٤‫ٓنحش ضنٍه‬٬‫ؾى ػ‬ٞ٣ mixed punctuation ‫ جُـ‬٠‫ هِ٘ح ك‬ٝ .‫م‬٬٠٩‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ْ ػ‬٤‫ضٍه‬
salutation, complimentary clause, reference and the date َ‫ؾُجء ٓػن‬٧‫ج‬
the body of the letter which contains the three ٠‫ْ كن‬٤‫ؾنى ضنٍه‬ٞ٣ ٫ ٖ‫ٌُن‬
.paragraphs and which we call the core of the letter
‫ْ ً كنس‬٤‫ ذطنٍه‬ٚ‫ن‬٤‫ّ ك‬ٞ‫ ٗون‬ًٟ‫ جُن‬ٝ َ‫ْ جٌُحٓن‬٤‫ جُطنٍه‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ fully punctuation ٖ‫ ضٌِٔ٘ح ػ‬ٝ
٠‫ جُٔٓنحكس جُطن‬space ‫ ًْ جُنـ‬ٝ .ْ٤‫ٓحش جُطٍه‬٬‫ ػ‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ٣ ٍٝ‫ًج جُؿى‬ٛ ٝ ,‫أؾُجء جٍُْحُس‬
.ْ٤‫ٓس جُطٍه‬٬‫ ػ‬ٝ ‫ جٌُِٔس‬٠‫ٖ آنٍ قٍف ك‬٤‫ؿد إٔ ضٍى ذ‬٣
This table explains the indication of every punctuation mark and
when we should use spacing and the correct space which we leave
between the last letter of the word and the mark. And let we start
with the full stop.

Full stop [.]

It indicates to the completeness of a sentence (in a long phrase).
ٝ ‫نح جُؿِٔنس‬ٜ٘‫ ػرنٍش ػ‬٠‫ أٖنرؼ٘ح جُلٌنٍز جُطن‬ٝ ‫٘نح‬٤‫ هنى جًطل‬ٝ , ‫ ٖٓ ًطحذس ؾِٔس‬٠ٜ‫ػ٘ىٓح ٗ٘ط‬
ًًٍ‫ ٗطن‬ٝ ‫هق‬ٞ‫ ٗوطس جُط‬٠ٛ ٝ full stop ‫ جُـ‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ ٗٓطهىّ ٓح‬.ٍٟ‫ى إٔ ٗرىأ ذؿِٔس أن‬٣ٍٗ
‫ ذنى إٔ ٗ٘طنٍى كنٍجؽ‬٬‫ح ك‬ٛ‫َ جٌُطحذس ذؼى‬ٚ‫ج‬ٞٗ ٕ‫ ئيج أٌوٗح أ‬ٝ 2 space after ّ‫إٔ ٗٓطهى‬
.ٖ٤‫ٓوىجٌز ٓٓحكط‬

Comma [,]
It's used between items in a series (short phrase).
‫و ٍٓضرطس ٓغ‬ٞ٘‫ جُر‬ًٙٛ ‫رؼح‬٠ ٝ .‫و‬ٞ٘‫٘ٔح ًًٍٗ ػىز ذ‬٤‫ح ذ‬ٜٓ‫ ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ٗٓطهى‬ٝ :‫ِس‬ٚ‫جُلح‬
.‫ ٌَٖ ِِْٓس‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٝ‫ح جُرؼ‬ٜٟ‫ذؼ‬
85
 PUNCTUATION MARKS

MARK INDICATION SPACING

Full stop [.] Complete of a 2 after
sentence (long
phradse)
Comma [,] Between items in 1 after
series (short phrase)
Question mark [?] When a direct 2 after
question is asked
Semi colon [;] Before two 1 after
sentences closely
related (longer
phrase than a
comma)
Colon [:] Before a question 2 after
introducing a
number of things or
stating items
Apostrophe['] To indicate No space
possessive case, to
indicate short form
(don't)
Hyphen [-] In compound work No space
to indicate division
of a word when last
letter of prefix and
next letter are like
e.g. (co-operation)
Solipus [/] Fraction / per e.g. No space
slash 525/ton, N
@ At the price of (at) Before the figure

86
 ٟ‫ أ‬one space ٟ‫ أ‬1 after ‫٘ح‬٣‫ٕ ُى‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ ذى أ‬٫ ‫س جٌُِٔس‬٣‫ ذىج‬ٝ ‫ِس‬ٚ‫ٖ جُلح‬٤‫ ٓح ذ‬ٝ .
َٓ‫ ضطؼح‬ًُٟ‫ضٍ ضؿى جُرٍٗحٓؽ ج‬ٞ٤‫ جٌُٔر‬٠ِ‫ًج أغ٘حء جٌُطحذس ػ‬ٜ‫ُطُجّ ذ‬٧‫ ػىّ ج‬ٝ .‫جقىز‬ٝ ‫ٓٓحكس‬
٠ِ‫ ػ‬١‫ـ‬ُٟ‫ ذح‬ٚ‫ِك‬ٛ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ض‬٣ ٝ ‫٘حى نطأ‬ٛ ٕ‫ أ‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ‫ ض‬ٟ‫ أ‬error ‫ٓس‬٬‫ي ػ‬٤‫ؼط‬٣ ٚ‫ٓؼ‬
ٌٕٞ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫ِس‬ٚ‫ ضؼَٔ ًٓحكس ذؼى جُلح‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫جقىز‬ٝ ‫ـطس‬ٞ keyboard ٠‫جُٔٓطٍز ك‬
.‫ٔس‬٤ِْ ‫ًطحذطي‬

Question mark [?]

ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٝ .ٍٖ‫ ضٓطهىّ ػ٘ىٓح ضٓأٍ ْإجٍ ٓرح‬٠ٛ ٝ .ّ‫ح‬ٜ‫ْطل‬٧‫ٓس ج‬٬‫ ػ‬٠ٛ ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫ؼٍك‬٣ ًَ
.‫ٖ كٍجؽ‬٤‫ هىٌ ٓٓحكط‬Tow spaces ‫ح‬ٛ‫ضطٍى ذؼى‬
And it is used when a direct question is asked. And we should
leave tow spaces after it.

Semi colon [;]

It's used before tow sentences closely related. And it is usually
used in a longer phrase than a comma.
‫ٕ ؾِٔس ٓلٍٓز‬ٌٞ‫حٕ ض‬٤‫ أق‬ٝ ٝ‫ٖ ذرؼ‬٤‫ٖ ٍٓضرط‬٤‫ٖ ؾِٔط‬٤‫ ضٓطهىّ ذ‬ٝ ‫س‬٠ٞ‫ِس جُ٘و‬ٚ‫جُلح‬
.ٍٟ‫ن‬٧‫ج‬

Colon [:]
We use them before a question or introducing number of things,
Or in stating a list of items.
٠ٛٝ ( ٬‫حء ٓػ‬٤ٖ‫ ػ٘ىٓح ًًٍٗ ػىز أ‬ٝ‫ أ‬,ٍ‫ح هرَ يًٍ جُٓإج‬ٜٓ‫ ٗٓطهى‬ٝ :‫س‬٠ٞ‫ِس جُٔ٘و‬ٚ‫جُلح‬
.‫حء‬٤ٖ‫ى إٔ ضًًٍ هحتٔس ُؼىز أ‬٣ٍ‫ ً٘ص ض‬ُٞ ٝ‫ًٌج) أ‬ٛٝ 9ٝ 3 :٠‫ض‬٥‫ًح‬

Apostrophe[']
It's used to indicate to the possessive case. And it is also indicate
to short forms as in (don‟t = do not).
ّ‫ ًًُي ضٓطهى‬ٝ .‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ جُِـس ج‬٠‫س ك‬٤ٌُِٔ‫ٍ ػٖ ج‬٤‫ ضٓطهىّ ُِطؼر‬٠ٛ ٝ :‫ح‬٤ِ‫ِس جُؼ‬ٚ‫جُلح‬
.‫ٍز‬ٛ‫م جُٔهط‬٤ُٛ‫ ج‬٠‫ك‬

Hyphen [-]
It‟s used in compound words to indicate to division of the words
as in co-operation. And it is also used with prefixes.
87
 ‫قوس‬٬ُ‫ ج‬ٝ‫حٗح ضٓطهىّ ٓغ جُٓحذوس أ‬٤‫ أق‬ٝ .‫ْ جٌُِٔس‬٤ٓ‫ ضو‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ‫ ض‬٠ٛ ٝ ‫ٍز‬٤‫ـ‬ُٛ‫س ج‬٠ٍُٗ‫ج‬
.suffix or prefix

Solipus[ /]
It's also called slash. And it's used for fraction. And it means per.
Example: the speed of the car is one hundred kilometer/an hour.
Or 100 km/hour
/ ٍ‫ ٓط‬ِٞ٤ً355 َ‫حش ٓػ‬٤ٌُٔ‫ٍ ػٖ ج‬٤‫ ُِطؼر‬ٝ‫ ضٓطهىّ ُِطؿُتس ج‬ٝ ‫س جُٔحتِس‬٠ٍُٗ‫ ج‬٠ٛ ٝ
.‫ ٓطٍ ٌَُ ْحػس‬ِٞ٤ً 355 ٠٘‫ ضؼ‬ٝ .‫جُٓحػس‬

@
)‫س‬٤‫ك‬٤ٞٞ‫حكس ض‬ٞ‫(ج‬
It pronounced as at. And sometimes it indicates to the price. And
it's needed to be used in e-mails.
As in:
oxfordcairo@gmail.com

remember that in the hyphen, apostrophe, @, and solipus there is

no necessary to leave space between them and the next word.
٠‫ جٌُِٔس جُط‬ٝ ْٛ‫ يًٍٗح‬٠‫حء جُط‬٤ْ٧‫ٖ ضِي ج‬٤‫ٌز إٔ ٗطٍى ٓٓحكس ذ‬ٍٝٞ ‫٘حى‬ٛ ّ٤ُ ‫ئيج‬
‫قع‬٫ ٝ .‫ح ٓٓحكس‬ٛ‫ ذؼى‬٫ ٝ ‫ح‬ِٜ‫ؾى هر‬ٞ٣ ٫ co-operation ‫ ًِٔس‬٠‫ ك‬٬‫قع ٓػ‬٫ ُٜٔ٤ِ‫ض‬
. ّ‫ٌهح‬٧‫ًًُي @ ٌٖٓٔ ضٓطهىّ هرَ ج‬

Capital letters

When do we use capital letter?

‫ٍز؟‬٤‫ف جٌُر‬ٍٝ‫ جُك‬ٟ‫ أ‬capital letter ّ‫٘ح إٔ ٗٓطهى‬٤ِ‫ؿد ػ‬٣ ٠‫ٓط‬
:‫ح‬ٜ٘ٓ ٝ ‫ٍز‬٤‫ف جٌُر‬ٍٝ‫ح ػ٘ى جْطهىجّ جُك‬ٜ‫ٖٔ ذ‬٤ِٓ ٌٕٞٗ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ‫جػى‬ٞ‫٘حى ه‬ٛ
ٖٓ ‫ح‬ٍٛ٤‫ؿ‬ٝ ‫٘س‬٣‫ جْْ جُٔى‬ٝ‫جْْ جُؼِْ أ‬.ٍ٤‫ؿد إٔ ضرىأ جُؿِٔس ذكٍف ًر‬٤‫ك‬:‫س جُؿِٔس‬٣‫ذىج‬
.‫ح‬ٜ‫ك‬ٞٞٗ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٠‫حء جُط‬٤ٖ٧‫ج‬
The following is the principle of using capital letters in writing
English:
1- at the beginning of a new sentence
capital letter ّ‫ؿد إٔ ٗٓطهى‬٣ ‫س ًَ ؾِٔس‬٣‫ٓغ ذىج‬
88
Remember:
You should put a full stop at the end of the sentence and after this
full stop you should leave a space before a new sentence and after
it you should start the new sentence with capital letter.

2- all proper names:

ٌَ‫ ٓػحٍ ضٗح‬.ٍ٤‫كد إٔ ضرىأ ذكٍف ًر‬٣ ّ٬‫ػ‬٫‫ جْٔحء ج‬ٝ‫ْٔحء جُٔؼٍكس أ‬٧‫غ ج‬٤ٔ‫ؾ‬
٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫لحش‬ٚ ٠ِ‫ْٔحء ضىٍ ػ‬٫‫ٕ جُكٌٔس ٖٓ يُي إٔ ٓؼظْ ج‬ٌٞ‫ ٌذٔح ض‬ٝ Charles
.‫لس‬ُٛ‫ ج‬ٝ ْْ٫‫ٖ ج‬٤‫َ جُطلٍهس ذ‬ٜٓ٣
How could you indicate that this is a proper name or an adjective?
We could do that with writing the first name of the proper name in
capital letter. So the capital letter in the beginning of the word
indicates that this word is aproper.

3- All the nationalities:

All the nationalities should start with capital letters.
َ‫ ًًُي جُرِىجٕ ًٔح يًٍٗح ٖٓ هر‬ٝ ‫حش‬٤ٓ٘‫جْٔحء جُؿ‬

4- The pronoun (I):

capital ٍ٤‫ جٌُِٔس وجتٔح ضٌطد قٍف ًر‬ًٜٙ‫ أٗح ك‬ٙ‫ ٓؼ٘ح‬ٝ ‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ ذحُِـس ج‬I ٍ٤ُٟٔ‫ج‬
.‫ جُؿِٔس‬٠‫ ٌٓحٕ ك‬ٟ‫ أ‬٠‫ ك‬letter
5- Titles should begin with a capital letter.
:‫ ٓػحٍ يُي‬capital letter ٍ٤‫ ذى إٔ ضرىأ ذكٍف ًر‬٫ ٖ٣ٝ‫جُؼ٘ح‬
‫ جُـ‬٠٘‫ ذؼ‬ٞٛ ًُٟ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ق‬٣ٍ‫س قٍف جُطؼ‬٣‫ كرىج‬.ٍ٣َُٞ‫ح ج‬ٛ‫ ٓؼ٘ح‬ٝ The Prime Minister
‫ف‬ٍٝ‫ ق‬M ٝ P ‫ٖ ذىأضح ذـ‬٤‫ ًًُي جٌُِٔط‬ٝ T ٞٛ ٝ ٍ٤‫س ذىأ ذكٍف ًر‬٤‫ جُِـس جُؼٍذ‬٠‫ك‬
.‫ٍز‬٤‫ًر‬

6- title of books
Business Letter Theory And ‫ًج جٌُطحخ‬ٛ ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫ ػ‬ُٚ‫ ٓػح‬ٝ ‫ٖ جٌُطد‬٣ٝ‫أْٔحء ػ٘ح‬
ٟ‫ أ‬capital letter ‫ف‬ٍٝ‫ ًَ جٌُِٔحش ذىأش ذك‬٠‫جٕ ك‬ٞ٘‫ف جُؼ‬ٍٝ‫ كٌَ ق‬Practice
.‫ٍز‬٤‫ف ًر‬ٍٝ‫ق‬

89
7- Days of the week and Months of the year:

:َ‫ ٓػ‬.‫حو‬٤‫ػ‬٧‫ ًًُي ج‬ٝ ٌُٜٞٗ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ع‬ٞ‫ْر‬٧‫حّ ج‬٣‫أْٔحء أ‬

Days of the week:
Saturday, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and
Friday.
And months of the year:
January, February…...November and December

8- The abbreviation:
H.K.J (Haahimain Kingdom of Jordan) َ‫ٍجش ٓػ‬ٛ‫ػ٘ىٓح ضٓطهىّ جُٔهط‬
.‫ٍز‬٤‫ف ًر‬ٍٝ‫ ق‬Capital letter ‫ ًطرص‬H.K.J ‫ف‬ٍٝ‫كحُك‬
ٝ .‫س‬٣‫و‬ٞ‫س جُٓؼ‬٤‫ جٌُِٔٔس جُؼٍذ‬ٝ K.S.A (kingdom of Saudi Arabia) :ٍ‫ٓػحٍ آن‬
. United States of America ‫س‬٤ٌ٣ٍٓ٧‫حش جُٔطكىز ج‬٣٫ُٞ‫ ج‬USA ‫ًًُي‬

9- The first letter in each line in the poetry:

ٍ‫ ًَ ْط‬٠‫ٍ ًِٔس ك‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠‫ٍ قٍف ك‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٟ‫ أ‬.‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ىز ج‬٤ٛ‫ص ٖٓ جُو‬٤‫ ًَ ذ‬٠‫ قٍف ك‬ٝ‫أ‬
.‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٧‫ىز ج‬٤ٛ‫ جُو‬٠‫ ك‬ٍٟ‫ص ٖؼ‬٤‫ ًَ ذ‬ٟ‫أ‬

10- Names of the streets:

‫جٌع‬ُٞٗ‫أْٔحء ج‬
‫ح‬ًًٍٛ‫ ض‬٠ِ‫ٕ هحوٌ ػ‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬ٝ ٌ‫ػطرح‬٩‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ؿد إٔ ضأنً ذؼ‬٣ ‫قظحش‬٬ُٔ‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ‫ جُطحُد‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ػ‬
‫طؼِن ذحُِـس‬٣ ‫ء‬٠ٖ ٟ‫ ػ٘ى ًطحذس أ‬٠‫ قط‬ٝ‫ح ػ٘ى ًطحذس جٍُْحُس أ‬ٜ‫و‬٤‫ ضطر‬٠ِ‫ هحوٌ ػ‬ٝ
.َ‫ جٍُْحت‬٠‫ح ك‬ٚٞٛ‫ ن‬ٝ ‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ج‬

Underscoring

‫ ضكص جٌُِٔس؟‬١‫غ ن‬ٟٗ ٠‫ ٓط‬:١‫غ جُه‬ٞٝ

We underscore the word in typing want to highlight or concentrate
or emphasize a certain word or a sentence.
.‫٘س‬٤‫ ؾِٔس ٓؼ‬ٝ‫ ًِٔس أ‬٠ِ‫ى إٔ ًٍُٗ ػ‬٣ٍٗ ‫ ػ٘ىٓح‬ٟ‫أ‬
Maybe we can use underscoring with the phrase (in the following
cases).
ٍٞ‫ ػ٘ىٓح أه‬٠٘ٗ٧
91
When I say “in the following cases” that means that I will mention
more that one case. And note that according to punctuation when
we use the underscoring we should use the colon (:) if it.
.ٙ‫ أنًٗح‬ًُِٟ ‫ن‬٤‫ًج ضطر‬ٛ ٝ ٖ٤‫ط‬٤ْ‫ٖ ٌأ‬٤‫ ٗوطط‬underscoring ‫ئيج ٗٓطهىّ ذؼى‬
Again, in typing we use underscoring when we want to emphasize
a word or a sentence.

so the underscoring may be used in the following cases:

1- To emphasize any particular word or sentence.

.‫ ؾِٔس ٓكىوز‬ٝ‫ ًِٔس أ‬٠ِ‫ء ػ‬ُٟٞ‫ ج‬٠‫ ِٗو‬ٝ‫ ًٍُٗ أ‬٠‫قط‬

2- For foreign words

‫س‬٤‫ هحذِطي ًِٔس أؾ٘ر‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫٘ٔح ضٌطد ذحُِـس جُؼٍذ‬٤‫ كأٗص ق‬.‫س‬٤‫ؾ٘ر‬٧‫ ٌُِِٔحش ج‬: ٢ٗ‫جُٓرد جُػح‬
ٍ٤‫حوف ًِٔحش ؿ‬ٛ‫س ض‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫٘ٔح ضٌطد ذحُِـس ج‬٤‫ ًًُي ق‬ٝ .ٖ٤ْٞ‫ح ذٖ ه‬ٜ‫ؼ‬ٟ‫َ إٔ ض‬ٟ‫ل‬٣
.١‫ح ن‬ٜ‫غ ضكط‬ٟ‫َ إٔ ض‬ٟ‫ل‬٣ ‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫جٗؿ‬

3- For subject heading

‫ جٌُطحخ‬ٝ‫ع جٍُْحُس ػٖ ٓحيج ضطٌِْ جٍُْحُس أ‬ُٞٞٞٔ

4- For marketing of rules lines in columns of figure.

.‫ػٔىز‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫وز ك‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ُٞٔ‫ٌهحّ ج‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ ‫ػٔىز‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ ٠ٞ‫ جُهط‬٠‫ ك‬٬‫ضٓطهىّ ٓػ‬

5- For titles of the books

‫ٖ جٌُطد‬٣ٝ‫ُؼ٘ح‬

‫ ضٓطهىّ جُـ‬٠‫ ضؼٍف ٓط‬ٝ ٠‫ جُ٘وح‬ًٙٛ ًًٍ‫ جُطِرس إٔ ضط‬٠‫ْ أػُجت‬ُٜٔ‫ئيج ٖٓ ج‬

.‫ح‬ٜٓ‫ ضٓطهى‬٫ ٠‫ ٓط‬ٝ underscoring
ٝ general appearance of the letter ٞٛ ٝ ْٜٓ ٍ‫ن‬٫ ‫ع‬ٞٞٞٓ ٠ُ‫ ئ‬٠‫ٕ ٗأض‬٥‫ ج‬ٝ
:ٖ‫ف ٗطٌِْ ػ‬ْٞ ‫س‬٣‫ذىج‬
Dividing the words at the end of the line
.ٍ‫س جُٓط‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ح ُطؿُأش جٌُِٔس ك‬ٜٓ‫ؿد إٔ ٗٓطهى‬٣ ٠‫جػى جُط‬ٞ‫جُو‬
‫ جُٔٓحكس‬ٝ ٍ‫س جُٓط‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ ك‬congratulation ‫ِس ٓػَ ًِٔس‬٣ٞ٠ ‫٘ٔح ضٌطد ًِٔس‬٤‫ق‬
.‫ح‬ٜٔ٤ٓ‫٘ثً ُطو‬٤‫س ٗكطحؼ ق‬٤‫ٍ ًحك‬٤‫س جُٓطٍ ؿ‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫س ك‬٤‫جُٔطرو‬
90
When you write a long word like CONGRATULATION at the
end of the line while the space which remains in the line is not
enough then the computer sometimes accepts part of the word in
that line and put a hyphen in the end of the word and complete the
word in the next line.
‫٘حى‬ٛ ‫رؼح‬٠ ٝ .ٍ‫س جُٓط‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ْ جٌُرٔس ك‬٤ٓ‫ ضو‬divide the word ٠٘‫ ٓؼ‬ٞٛ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ
ٍْٟ٘ ٝ ْ٤ٓ‫س جُطو‬٤ِٔ‫م ذؼ‬٬٠٩‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ح ػ‬ٜ٤‫ـ ك‬ٞٔٓٓ ٍ٤‫ ؿ‬ٍٟ‫ أن‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫ـ ذ‬ٞٔٓٓ ‫ش‬٫‫قح‬
.‫يُي‬
A special care should be given in the division of the word at the
end of the line as this enables the typist to produce copies with
even a good left and right margins.
‫٘طؽ‬٣ ٠‫س جُٓطٍ قط‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ْ جٌُِٔحش ك‬٤ٓ‫س ضو‬٤ِٔ‫س ُؼ‬ٚ‫س نح‬٣‫ جُطحذغ ػ٘ح‬٠‫ؼط‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣
.ٍٓ٣٧‫حٕٓ ج‬ُٜ‫ ج‬ٝ ٖٔ٣٧‫ٕٔ ج‬ُٜ‫ ج‬٠‫ػَٔ ذٌَٗ ٓط٘حؿْ ٓ٘ٓن ك‬

NEVER DIVIDE:

:‫س‬٤‫ض‬٥‫ش ج‬٫‫ جُكح‬٠‫م ذحُطؿُأز ك‬٬٠٩‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ـ ػ‬ٞٔٓٓ ٍ٤‫ ؿ‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣

1- One syllable words

‫ جُكحُس‬ًٙٛ ٠‫ ك‬speed ‫جقىز ٓػَ ًِٔس‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ض‬ٞٚ ‫جوز يجش ٗـٔس‬ٝ ‫ي ًِٔس ٓلٍوز‬٣‫ئيج ًحٕ ُى‬
‫غ‬ٟ‫ إٔ ض‬ٝ ٍ‫س جُٓط‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ ك‬sp َ‫ح ٓػ‬ٜ٘ٓ ٖ٤‫غ قٍك‬ٟ‫ـ إٔ ضؿُأ جٌُِٔس ذإٔ ض‬ٞٔٓٓ ٍ٤‫ؿ‬
‫ًج‬ٜ‫ ك‬hyphen ‫ٔح‬ٜ٘٤‫غ ذ‬ٟ‫ ض‬ٝ ٚ٤ِ٣ ًُٟ‫س جُٓطٍ ج‬٣‫ ذىج‬٠‫ ك‬eed ٞٛ ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ٘ٓ ٠ٗ‫جُؿُأ جُػح‬
.‫هح‬٬٠‫ ج‬ٚ‫ـ ذ‬ٞٔٓٓ ٍ٤‫ؿ‬

2- plurals of one syllable words.

‫ًج‬ٜ‫ ك‬box ‫ ؾٔغ ًِٔس‬٠ٜ‫ ك‬boxes ‫جقى ٓػَ ًِٔس‬ُٞ‫ جٌُِٔحش يجش جُٔوطغ ج‬ٝ‫ؾٔغ ذؼ‬
.‫م‬٬٠٩‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٚ‫ـ ذ‬ٞٔٓٓ ٍ٤‫ؿ‬

3- Proper names
Proper names like in the name “Azzam” you can‟t divide it. If you
do so it will make a confusing for the reader of the receiver of the
message.
‫كىظ‬٤ٓ‫ْْ ك‬٧‫ ٓػَ ًِٔس ػُجّ كأٗص ئٕ هٓٔص ج‬.ِ‫ّ ٓػَ أْٔحء جُ٘ح‬٬‫ػ‬٧‫أْٔحء ج‬
.ْٜ‫ء ك‬ْٞ ٝ confusing
92
4- Figures and sums of money.
e.g: JD100
.‫ جُٔػحٍ جُٓحذن‬٠‫ع ٓرِؾ ٖٓ جُٔحٍ ًٔح ك‬ٞٔ‫ ٓؿ‬ٝ ّ‫ٌهح‬٧‫ج‬

5- Abbreviations
Example: B.B.C
If write it as above it is well known but if you divide it it may
mean another word. So never divide it.
‫ ٌُٖ ئيج‬ٝ ٠٘‫كس جُٔؼ‬ٍٝ‫ ٓؼ‬B.B.C ‫ف‬ٍٝ‫ جُك‬٬‫ٍجش كٔػ‬ٛ‫ جُٔهط‬٠‫ف جُطؿُتس ك‬ٛ‫ ض‬٫
.٠٘‫كس جُٔؼ‬ٍٝ‫ٍ ٓؼ‬٤‫رف ؿ‬ٛ‫ ض‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫ح كٍذٔح ضؼرٍ ػٖ ًِٔس أن‬ٜ‫هٓٔط‬

6- The last word of the page

A void division the last word of the page. If you divide it the
reader may became confused or a misunderstanding may happen.
So avoid the division of that word.
.‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠‫ ضؿ٘د ضؿُأش آنٍ ًِٔس ك‬:‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠‫آنٍ ًِٔس ك‬

7- Avoid division when there is a doubt.

So if you have a doubt, consult the dictionary. The dictionary will
tell you if it is allowed to divide this word or not.

If necessary divide according to the following:

1- Between the root of the word and its suffix.

ٖٔ‫ ك‬friendship ‫ ًِٔس‬ُٚ‫ ٓػح‬ٝ suffix ‫ح‬ٜ٤ٔٓٗ ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ٤‫ ك‬٠‫حوز جُط‬٣ُُ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ٖ ؾًٌ جٌُِٔس‬٤‫ٓح ذ‬
. ship ‫حكس‬ٞ٩‫ ج‬ٝ friend ‫ٖ ًِٔس‬٤‫ِس ذ‬ٚ‫ كح‬ٟ‫ أ‬hyphen ‫غ‬ٟ‫جٌُٖٔٔ إٔ ض‬
Example: (friend-ship)

2- Between the prefix and the root of the word.

Example: (dis-appear)

3- Between double consonants.

93
Example: planning. The word has double consonants (nn) so we
can divide it by putting a hyphen between them like this (plan-
nig).

4- Between tow consonant if they separately pronounced.

There are many words in English which has many consonant.
Example: (sentence). We can divide it by putting a hyphen
between the fist two letters and the rest of the word like this word
(sen-tence).

٠‫ وٓطْ ك‬.‫ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ئٕ ٖحء هللا‬٠ِ‫ًج جُوىٌ ػ‬ٜ‫ جُكِوس ذ‬ًٙٛ ٠‫ ك‬٠‫ جُطِرس ٌٗطل‬٠‫أػُجت‬
.ٚ‫ ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬ٝ ٚ‫ط‬٣‫ ٌػح‬ٝ ‫قلع هللا‬

94
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبّيخ عشر‬

ٝ ٬ٛ‫ أ‬.‫ ذًٍحضس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬,‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫ أػُجت‬.ْ٤‫ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‬
.‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬ْ‫س ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓج‬٤ٗ‫ جُكِوس جُػح‬٠‫ ذٌْ ك‬٬ْٜ
General Appearance of Business ‫ع‬ٞٞٞٓ ٖ‫ٍز جُٓحذوس ػ‬ٞ‫ جُٔكح‬٠‫ضٌِٔ٘ح ك‬
:ٖ‫ ضٌِٔ٘ح ػ‬ٝ .ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ٍ جُؼحّ ٍُْحُس ج‬ٜ‫ ػٖ جُٔظ‬letter
Types of punctuation. And we mentioned that they are open
punctuation, mixed punctuation and close punctuation.
‫ ٓح‬٠ُ‫ غْ ذؼى يُي ضطٍه٘ح ئ‬.َ‫ْ جُٔول‬٤‫ جُطٍه‬ٝ‫ أ‬١ِ‫ْ جُٔهط‬٤‫ جُطٍه‬ٝ‫ـ أ‬ٞ‫ْ جُٔلط‬٤‫ جُطٍه‬ٟ‫أ‬
.٠ٔٓ٣
The rule of dividing the words. And we mentioned dividing the
words by using a hyphen between two parts from the word as
between the prefix and the root of the word.
Example: co-operation
Or between the suffix and the root of the word.
Example: friend-ship
Or between two double consonants in the word.
Example: plan-nig
or between double consonants.
Example: sen-tence
sounds in the word. And we also talked about dividing the word
at the end of the line.
‫َ إٔ ٗوْٓ جٌُِٔس ئيج ًحٕ يُي‬ٞ‫ؿ‬٣ ٠‫ح هْٓ ٓط‬٣ٌٍٝٞ ٕ‫ع ئيج ًح‬ُِٞٞٞٔ ٫‫ جْطٌٔح‬ٝ
ٌُ‫جُؿ‬ٝ ‫ٖ جُٓحذوس‬٤‫ح إٔ ٗوْٓ ٓػَ ٓح ذ‬ٜ٤‫َ ك‬ٞ‫ؿ‬٣ ٠‫ش جُط‬٫‫ ضٌِٔٔ٘ح ػٖ جُكح‬ٝ .‫ح‬٣ٌٍٝٞ
.ٌُ‫ جُؿ‬ٝ ‫قوس‬٬ُِ‫ج‬
. co-operation ‫ ٓػَ ًِٔس‬prefix ٠ٔٓ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫حكس اىقجييخ‬ٞ٩‫ ج‬ٟ‫أ‬
. friend-ship ‫ ٓػَ ًِٔس‬suffix ٠ٔٓ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫حكس اىجعذيخ‬ٞ٩‫ ج‬ٝ‫أ‬
َ‫ٖ ٓػ‬٤٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ٖ ٓ٘ط‬٤٤ً٘‫ٖ ْح‬٤٤‫ قٍك‬ٝ‫ أ‬. pla-nig َ‫ٖ ٓػ‬٣ٌٌٍ‫ٖ ٓط‬٤ً٘‫ٖ ْح‬٤‫ٖ قٍك‬٤‫ ٓح ذ‬ٝ‫أ‬
. sen-tence ‫ًِٔس‬
.‫ٖ كٖٔ جٌُٖٔٔ إٔ ضؿُأ‬٤٤‫ض‬ٞٚ ٖ٤٤‫ ئيج ًحٗص جٌُِٔس ٖٓ ٓوطؼ‬ٝ

Error to be avoided
general appearance of business letter ‫طؼِن ذـ‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ح ك‬ٜ‫ؿد إٔ ٗطؿ٘ر‬٣ ‫أنطحء‬
95
‫‪1- Wrong spelling.‬‬

‫جُط‪ٜ‬ؿثس جُهح‪٠‬ثس أ‪ ٝ‬جٌُطحذس جُهح‪٠‬ثس‪.‬‬

‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ٗكٍ٘ ػ٘ى ًطحذط٘ح ٍُِْحتَ ػِ‪ ٠‬إٔ ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬جُـ ‪ dictaion‬أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٬ٓ٩‬ء ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪ٜ‬ؿثس‬
‫‪ٌُِِٔ spelling‬حش ‪ ٝ‬جُؿَٔ جُط‪ٓٗ ٠‬طهىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ذٌَٗ ‪ٚ‬ك‪٤‬ف‪ ٚٗ٧ .‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ك‪ ٠‬جُِـس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س ٌذٔح ضـ‪ ٍ٤‬قٍف ك‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جٌُِٔحش ‪٣‬ؼط‪ٓ ٠‬ؼ٘‪ٓ ٠‬ـح‪ٍ٤٣‬‬
‫ُٔح ‪ٍ٣‬جو ذ‪ًُ . ٚ‬ج ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضطأًى ٖٓ ‪ْٞ spelling‬جء ٌُِِٔحش أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش أ‪ ٝ‬ضٍجذ‪١‬‬
‫جُؿِٔس ٓغ ذؼ‪ٜٟ‬ح جُرؼ‪.ٝ‬‬

‫‪2- Irregular line spacing:‬‬

‫جُلٍجؿحش ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُهط‪ ٠ٞ‬جُـ‪ٗ ٍ٤‬ظحٓ‪٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُـ‪٘ٓ ٍ٤‬طظٔس‪ .‬ذؼٌّ جُو‪ٞ‬جػى جُط‪ ٠‬ضؼحٌك٘ح‬
‫ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح‪.‬‬

‫‪3- Incorrect punctuation.‬‬

‫جُطٍه‪ ْ٤‬جُهح‪٠٠‬ء‪:‬‬
‫ٓػ‪ ٬‬ذى‪ٟٗ question mark ٖٓ ٫‬غ ‪ exclamation mark‬ػ‪ٓ٬‬س ضؼؿد‪ .‬أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ػ‪٬‬‬
‫ٗ‪ٟ‬غ ٗوطس ذىٍ ‪ comma‬أ‪ ٝ‬كح‪ِٚ‬س ٓ٘و‪٠ٞ‬س‪.‬‬

‫‪4- Omission of letters, words or lines.‬‬

‫‪٣‬ؼ٘‪٠ ٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جٍُْحُس ‪ ٝ‬جٌُِٔحش ‪ ٝ‬جُهط‪.٠ٞ‬‬

‫‪5- Incorrect division of words.‬‬

‫جُطؿُتنس جُهح‪٠‬ثنس ٌُِِٔنس كن‪ٜٗ ٠‬ح‪٣‬نس جُٓنطٍ ‪ ٫ at the end of the line‬ذنى إٔ ضٌن‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫قٓد جُو‪ٞ‬جػى جُط‪ ٠‬ضؼِٔ٘ح‪ٛ‬ح‪.‬‬

‫‪6- Incorrect spacing‬‬

‫جُلٍجؽ جُـ‪ٚ ٍ٤‬ك‪٤‬ف‪.‬‬
‫‪We should follow the right amount of spacing after or before the‬‬
‫‪words or the punctuation marks, according the table which we‬‬
‫‪have studies before.‬‬
‫ك‪ ٬‬ذى إٔ ٗطرغ ٓٓحكحش جُطٍه‪ ْ٤‬جُ‪ٛ‬ك‪٤‬كس ذ‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ٝ‬جننٍ جٌُِٔنحش ‪ ٝ‬ذؼ‪ٟ‬ن‪ٜ‬ح أ‪ ٝ‬ذن‪ ٖ٤‬ػ‪ٓ٬‬نحش‬
‫جُطٍه‪ ٝ ْ٤‬ذؼ‪ٜٟ‬ح‪ .‬ضطًًٍ‪٠ ٕٝ‬رؼح جُؿى‪ ٍٝ‬جًُ‪ ٟ‬وٌْ٘ح‪ ٖٓ ٙ‬هرَ ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٓحكحش جُط‪٣ ٠‬ؿد إٔ‬
‫ِٗطُٓ‪ٜ‬ح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جٌُِٔحش ‪ ٝ‬ػ‪ٓ٬‬حش جُطٍه‪ .ْ٤‬ك‪٤‬ؿد إٔ ِٗطُّ ‪ٗ ٝ‬كٍ٘ ػِ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُو‪ٞ‬جػى‪.‬‬

‫‪96‬‬
8- Mistakes in address and the receiver‟s address
.ٚ٤ُ‫جٕ جٍَُْٔ ئ‬ٞ٘‫ ػ‬ٝ ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫ ًطحذس جُؼ‬٠‫جُهطأ ك‬

9- Margins:
Whatever it was left side or right side margin, upper margin or
lower margin, if they have a bad appearance they will reflect a
negative image in the mind of the our receiver.
:ٕٓ‫ج‬ُٜٞ‫ج‬
ٝ ‫حْحش‬٤‫ ذى إٔ ِٗطُّ ذحُو‬٬‫ْلَ ك‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ‫ٖ أ‬٤‫ جُؿحٗر‬٠ِ‫جء ًحٗص ػ‬ْٞ
‫رؼح‬٠ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٕ٧ ‫ى‬٤‫ٍ ؾ‬ٜ‫ٍ جٍُْحُس ذٔظ‬ٜ‫ ضظ‬٠‫ح ٖٓ هرَ قط‬ٛ‫ يًٍٗح‬٠‫جػى جُط‬ٞ‫ جُو‬ٝ ٍ٣‫جُٔؼح‬
َ‫ثس ػ٘ى ٓٓطور‬٤ْ ‫ٌز‬ٞٚ ٠‫ؼط‬٣ ‫ ٌذٔح‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ٍ جُؼحّ ٍُِْحُس‬ٜ‫ جُٔظ‬٠ِ‫إغٍ ػ‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ
.‫جٍُْحُس‬
‫ح ئيج ً٘ص‬ٚٞٛ‫ ن‬ٝ َ‫خ ٓ٘ي ًطحذس ٌْحت‬ِٞ‫ ٓط‬ٝ ‫ وجتٍز ٓح‬٠‫ظق ك‬ٞٓ ٌٕٞ‫ػ٘ىٓح ض‬
ٕ‫ ٌٖٓٔ أ‬ٝ‫ جٍُْحُس أ‬ًٙٛ ٍٔ‫ف ض‬ْٞ ‫ جٍُْحُس‬ًٙٛ ‫ كؼ٘ىٓح ضٌطد‬senior ّ٤ُٝ ‫ٓرطىتح‬
ٌَُٗ‫ذس ذح‬ٞ‫ح ٌٓط‬ٜٗ‫طحًى أ‬٣ ٝ ‫ح‬ٛ‫وٍأ‬٣ ٕ‫ٍ ػ٘ي ذحُؼَٔ ٖٓ جؾَ أ‬ٞ‫ جُٔث‬٠ِ‫وز ػ‬ُٞٓٔ‫ح ج‬ٜ٤ٔٓٗ
‫س‬٤ِٔ‫ح ػ‬ُٜ َٔ‫ ًُج كؼ‬.‫ىز ػٖ جُٔإْٓس‬٤‫ٌز ؾ‬ٞٚ ٌّ‫ع ضؼ‬٤‫ ذك‬ٚ‫ح إٔ ضٌطد ذ‬ُٜ ٠‫٘رـ‬٣ ًُٟ‫ج‬
ٝ‫ ٌُحضد جٍُْحُس أ‬ٝ‫ي أ‬٤ُ‫ح ج‬ٛ‫ى‬٤‫ؼ‬٣ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫قظحش‬٬ُٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫ح ذؼ‬ٜ٤ِ‫ٌطد ػ‬٣ ٝ ‫ٍٓجؾؼس‬
‫ٍ ٗٓهس‬ٜ‫ ذؼى يُي ضظ‬ٝ ‫ة‬٠‫ نح‬ٞٛ ‫ف ٓح‬٤‫ك‬ٛ‫ ض‬ٝ ١٤‫ر‬ٟ‫س ٖٓ جؾَ جػحوز ض‬٣ٌ‫ٌٍُِٓضح‬
.‫ىز ػٖ جُٔإْٓس‬٤‫ ؾ‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ؿحذ‬٣‫ٌز ج‬ٞٚ ٌّ‫ؼ‬٣ ٌَٗ‫ ذ‬ٝ ‫خ‬ِٞ‫س ذحٌَُٗ جُٔط‬٤‫حت‬ٜٗ
ٕ‫ جُطحُد أ‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ي ػ‬٤ِ‫ؿد ػ‬٣ ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ٓؿحٍ ج‬٠‫ح ك‬ٜ٤ِ‫َ ٓطؼحٌف ػ‬ٌٞٓ ‫ ػىز‬٠‫ٕ ك‬٥‫ج‬
‫ح‬ٜ‫ٕ ِْٓ ذ‬ٌٞ‫ض‬
Caps./change all letters to capital.
ٝ( ‫ٍز‬٤‫ف ًر‬ٍٝ‫ ق‬ٟ‫ أ‬capital letters ‫ف‬ٍٝ‫ ق‬٠ُ‫قٍف ػ٘ى جُطرحػس ئ‬٧‫غ ج‬٤ٔ‫ٍ ؾ‬٤‫ـ‬٣
.)ٍ‫ض‬ٞ٤ٌُٔ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫٘ح جٌُطحذس ػ‬ٛ ‫و ذحُطرحػس‬ٞٛ‫جُٔو‬
U.C. / change the underlined letters into capital letters
.‫ٍز‬٤‫ف ًر‬ٍٝ‫ ق‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬١‫ح ن‬ٜ‫ ضكط‬٠‫ف جُط‬ٍٝ‫غ جُك‬٤ٔ‫ٍ ؾ‬٤‫ـ‬٣
L.C. / change to the lower case
Trs. Transpose
What is the meaning of transpose?
It means to change the order of the words or the letters.
.ٍٟ‫ قحُس أن‬٠‫ح ك‬ٜ‫ؼ‬ٞٞ‫ ض‬ٝ‫س ٗوَ أ‬٤ِٔ‫ح ػ‬ُٜ َٔ‫ ضؼ‬ٟ‫ جُؿِٔس أ‬ٝ‫د جٌُِٔس أ‬٤‫ٍ ضٍض‬٤‫ ضـ‬ٟ‫أ‬
h.o [h and circle with a point inside it]
change the order of ٠ٜ‫ح ك‬ٌٛ‫ج‬ٞ‫ ذؿ‬h ‫غ قٍف‬ٟ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫ح ٗوطس‬ِٜ‫ وجن‬ٝ ‫ وجتٍز‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣
words or letters
97
‫]‪N.p. / [begin anew program after the bracket‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ٗرىج ذلوٍز ؾى‪٣‬ىز ذؼى جُو‪٣ .ِٞ‬ؼ٘‪ ٠‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ٗكٖ ٌٗطد أ‪ٗ ٝ‬ىٓؽ كٌٍض‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ ٝ‬كوٍض‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫ُٓرد أ‪٦ُ ٝ‬نٍ أ‪٩ ٝ‬ػطوحوٗح جٗ‪ٜٔ‬ح ‪ ٝ Related to each other‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ق‪ٔ٘٤‬ح ض‪َٛ‬‬
‫جٍُْحُس ئُ‪ ٠‬جٍُٔٗف أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٓث‪ ٍٟ٣ ٝ ٍٞ‬أٗ‪٣ ٚ‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ٝ ًَ ٕٞ‬جقىز ك‪ ٠‬كوٍز ك‪ٟ٤‬غ‬
‫ُي ‪ ًٙٛ‬ج‪ٖ٩‬حٌز ‪ ٝ‬قط‪٣ ٠‬ر‪ُ ٖ٤‬ي أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ٖٓ أ‪٣ ٖ٣‬ؿد إٔ ضرىأ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُلوٍز‪.‬‬

‫‪Z‬‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ‬ج‪ٖ٩‬حٌز جُط‪ ٠‬ضٗ‪ ٚ٤‬قٍف ‪ٌُٜ٘ z‬ح ٌٓط‪ٞ‬ذس ‪ٓ ٝ handwriting‬ؼ٘ح‪ٛ‬ح ‪Run on‬‬
‫‪No new paragraph joins with line‬‬
‫‪ٓ ٝ‬ؼ٘ح‪ٛ‬ح أٗ‪٣ ٚ‬و‪ُ ٍٞ‬ي ُ‪٘ٛ ّ٤‬حى وجع إٔ ضؼَٔ كوٍض‪ ٖ٤‬كو‪ ١‬جوٓؽ جُلوٍض‪ٓ ٖ٤‬غ ذؼ‪.ٝ‬‬

‫פּ‬
‫‪Delet mark in the text‬‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ ٝ‬جُؼ‪ٓ٬‬نس ج‪٫‬ض‪٤٘٤‬نس ضؼ٘ن‪ ٠‬جٖنطد أ‪ ٝ‬جٓٓنف ٓنٖ جُنـ ‪ٓ text‬نٖ جُن٘‪ ٝ ٙ‬هنى ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ ٕٞ‬يُني‬
‫جُٗة جٍُٔجو ٓٓكس ًِٔس أ‪ ٌُٓ ٝ‬أز ؾِٔس أ‪ ٝ‬ؿ‪ ٍ٤‬يُي‪.‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪It means that it is a damaged letter so you should replace it with‬‬
‫‪the proper or the good one.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؼٖ إٔ ‪ٛ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جٍُْنحُس ؿ‪٤‬نٍ ‪ٚ‬نحُكس ‪٣ ٝ‬كند إٔ ضٓنطرىٍ ذٍْنحُس جننٍ‪ ٟ‬ؾ‪٤‬نىز‪٣ ٝ .‬ؿند إٔ‬
‫ض‪ٞٞ‬غ وجتٍز ق‪ ٍٞ‬جٍُْحُس جُط‪ْ ٠‬طؼ‪٤‬ى ًطحذط‪ٜ‬ح ٖٓ ؾى‪٣‬ى‪.‬‬
‫‪Circle round damage letter to indicate that it should be rewritten.‬‬

‫┌‬
‫‪Move to left‬‬
‫‪ ٠ٛ ٝ‬ضؼ٘‪ ٠‬قٍى ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُؿِٔس أ‪ ٝ‬جُلوٍز أ‪ ٝ‬جُلوٍجش ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٗٔحٍ‪.‬‬

‫┐‬
‫‪Move to right‬‬
‫‪ ٠ٛ ٝ‬ضؼ٘‪ ٠‬قٍى ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُؿِٔس أ‪ ٝ‬جُلوٍز أ‪ ٝ‬جُلوٍجش ئُ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ ٠ٛ ٝ ٖ٤ٔ٤‬ػٌّ ج‪ٖ٩‬حٌز‬
‫جُٓحذوس‪.‬‬

‫│‬
‫‪Straighten‬‬

‫‪98‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؼ٘ن‪ ٠‬ػ٘نىٓح ضٍْنْ نن‪ ١‬ػٔن‪ٞ‬و‪ٓ٣ ٝ vertical ٟ‬نٔ‪٣ straighten margin ٠‬ؿند إٔ‬
‫ضؼَٔ ‪ُِ aline‬ـ ‪ًٛ ٝ margin‬ج ًِ‪٣ ٚ‬ؿد إٔ ‪ٍ٣‬جػ‪ ٠‬كن‪ ٠‬جُط٘ٓن‪٤‬ن ْن‪ٞ‬جء ض٘ٓن‪٤‬ن جٌُِٔنحش‬
‫أ‪ ٝ‬جُلوٍجش أ‪ text ٝ‬جُ٘‪ ٙ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جٍُْحُس ًٌَ‪.‬‬

‫┌‬
‫┘‬
‫ج‪ٖ٩‬حٌض‪ ٖ٤‬جٍُأْ‪٤‬طحٕ ػٌّ ذؼ‪ٓ ٝ‬ؼ٘ح‪take out space and close up ْٛ‬‬
‫جؾٔغ جًُ‪ ٟ‬ك‪ ٚ٤‬كٍجؽ ‪ ٝ‬جٗ‪ ٠ٜ‬جُٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع ‪ ٝ‬هٍذ‪ ٖٓ ْٜ‬ذؼ‪.ٝ‬‬

‫‪Stet:‬‬
‫‪Let it stand draw dotted line‬‬
‫جٌْْ ن‪٘ٓ ١‬و‪ section to be left ١‬ذك‪٤‬ع ‪ ٌٖٔ٣‬جػحوز ‪ٞ‬ر‪ ًٙٛ ١‬جٍُْحُس‪.‬‬

‫‪#‬‬
‫‪Inset space‬‬
‫جضنٍى أ‪ ٝ‬جونننَ كننٍجؽ ذنن‪ْ ٖ٤‬ننطٍ ‪ ٝ‬آنننٍ‪ .‬كٔننػ‪ ٬‬ػ٘ننىٓح ضٌطنند ٌْننحتَ أ‪ ٝ‬ض‪ٞٞ‬نن‪٤‬كحش أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ضوحٌ‪ reports ٍ٣‬أ‪ ٝ‬ئُن‪ ٠‬آننٍ‪ ٙ‬ػ٘نىٓح ض٘ط‪ٜ‬ن‪ ٠‬جُلونٍز ‪ٝ‬ذنىأٗح ذؼ٘ن‪ٞ‬جٕ ُلونٍز ؾى‪٣‬نىز ‪ ٝ‬ذؼنى‬
‫جُؼ٘‪ٞ‬جٕ ٌٗطد ذىج‪٣‬س جُلوٍز ذ٘لّ جُـ ‪ ٝ space‬يًٍٗح إٔ ‪ًٛ‬ج ؿ‪ٚ ٍ٤‬ك‪٤‬ف‪ .‬ك‪٤‬ؿد إٔ ‪ٌٕٞ٣‬‬
‫ٓح ذ‪ٜٗ ٖ٤‬ح‪٣‬س جُلوٍز ‪ ٝ‬جُؼ٘‪ٞ‬جٕ جُؿى‪٣‬ى ‪ٓٓ space‬حكس ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬هَ ‪ًًُ ٝ‬ي ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُؼ٘ن‪ٞ‬جٕ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ذىج‪٣‬س جُلوٍز جُؿى‪٣‬ىز ‪ double space‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬هَ ‪ ٝ‬ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ك‪ ٠‬جُؼ٘ح‪ ٖ٣ٝ‬جٍُت‪٤ٓ٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ‬جُ٘وح‪ ٠‬ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ض٘طر‪ُٜ ٚ‬ح ‪ ٝ‬ئٕ ٖحء هللا ٓٓطور‪ ٬‬ذكٌنْ جُؼٔنَ ْنطٌ‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫ِْٓ ذ‪ٜ‬نح‪ ٝ .‬ئٕ ً٘نص ضؼؼٔنَ ج‪ ٕ٥‬كن‪٘ٓ ٠‬ظٔنس ٓنح كن‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪ٞ‬جٗند ج‪٩‬وجٌ‪٣‬نس ‪ ٝ‬جُنى‪ٝٝ‬ج‪ٓ ٖ٣‬ػنَ‬
‫جُ‪ٛ‬حوٌ ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬جٌو ‪ ٝ‬ك‪ً ٠‬طحذس جٍُْحتَ كٓطٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضىًٌ‪ٜ‬ح ذٌَ ْ‪ُٜٞ‬س كؼِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬هَ أٗنص‬
‫ٓىٌى ُ‪ٜ‬ح ‪. orally‬‬

‫‪Other styles of display‬‬

‫ُ‪ ٞ‬ضطًًٍ‪ ٕٝ‬قن‪ ٖ٤‬ضٌِٔ٘نح ػنٖ ‪ ٝ six types of display‬يًٍٗنح نٔٓنس أٗن‪ٞ‬جع‪ .‬أٓنح ػنٖ‬
‫جُ٘ن‪ٞ‬ع جُٓنحوِ كنن‪ ٌٖٔ٤‬إٔ ٗٓنٔ‪٣ other style of display ٚ٤‬ؼ٘ن‪ ٠‬جٗنن‪ٞ‬جع جننٍ‪ٓ ٟ‬ننٖ‬
‫ػٍ‪ ٜ‬جٍُْحتَ ‪ْٞ ٝ‬ف ٗططٍم ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ذحُطل‪.َ٤ٛ‬‬
‫‪1- Fax message‬‬
‫جٍُْحتَ ٖٓ ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُلحًّ‬
‫‪How does the fax machine facilitate the business and increase the‬‬
‫?‪performance‬‬

‫‪99‬‬
ْ‫ٔح ًحٗنص ضنط‬٣‫ ٓؼظْ جٍُْحتَ هنى‬ٝ ٍ٤‫ ًر‬٠‫ُؿ‬ٌٞ٘‫ٌ ض‬ٞ‫ ضط‬ٚ٤‫رف ك‬ٚ‫ أ‬ٝ ٌٞ‫حَ جُلحًّ ضط‬ٜ‫ؾ‬
.ًّ‫ٍ جُلح‬٬‫ٖٓ ن‬
The word FAX comes from the word facsimile.
.ًّ‫ٍ جُلح‬٬‫ى ٖٓ ن‬٣ٍ‫ ذآٌحٗي إٔ ضرؼع ذ‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ face and mial ٠‫ ٖٓ ًِٔط‬ٟ‫ج‬
The fax works on a system similar to the telephone with an
advantage of sending exact copy of a document.
advantage ٚ‫ُجض‬٤ٔٓ ٖٓ ٌُٖ ٕٞ‫ل‬٤ِ‫ قى ٓح ذ٘ظحّ جُط‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٚ٤‫ؼَٔ ذ٘ظحّ ْر‬٣ ًّ‫كحُلح‬
‫ جُـ‬ٝ‫ْ أ‬٤ٔٛ‫ جُط‬ٝ‫ أ‬design ‫ جُـ‬ٝ‫ٍَْ ٗٓهس ٖٓ جٍُْحُس أ‬٣ ٕ‫غ أ‬٤‫ٓطط‬٣ ٚٗ‫س أ‬٤‫ؿحذ‬٣٩‫ج‬
.١‫ر‬ُٟ‫ ذح‬scanner ‫ ٓػَ جُـ‬photo
The fax has been widely used on the past few years and it‟s still
used by a large number of offices.
‫س‬٤ٞ‫ جُلطٍز جُٔح‬٠‫ح ك‬ٚٞٛ‫ ٍٓ٘ٗ ن‬ٝ ٍ٤‫ٓطهىّ ذٌَٗ ًر‬٣ ٜٞ‫أٓح ػٖ جْطهىجّ جُلحًّ ك‬
ٝ .ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ٓؿحٍ ج‬٠‫ٍج ك‬٤‫ ًػ‬ٝ ‫ٍز‬٤‫ جٌُٔحضد جٌُر‬٠‫ٓطهىّ ك‬٣ ٍ‫ُج‬٣ ٫ ٝ .‫ ضوَ ػٖ ْ٘س‬٠‫جُط‬
.ًّ‫ ٍُْحُس كح‬ٝ‫َؼ ُلحًّ ٓوطٍـ أ‬ٞٔٗ ‫ جُطحُد‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ ػ‬ٍٟ‫ف ض‬ْٞ ٕ٫‫ج‬

Here is a suggested display of a fax message

‫غ‬٣َٞ‫ جُط‬ٝ ٍُِٗ٘ ٠ٌٗٝ‫وجٌ جُرح‬
Fax message
Messge for: Mr. Sharif Hamawi From: Publishing Director
Address: ATC Date: 5 August 1999
Fax No: 4201163 No. of page (1)

Dear sir,
We are very pleased to inform you that the first draft of your
book has been completed.

Yours sincerely

Amed Yazouri
Publishing Director

Message for: Mr. Sharif Hamawi ‫ جٍُْحُس‬٢‫ ك‬ًُٟ‫ٍ ج‬ٝ‫ جُؿى‬ٝ‫قع جٍُٔذغ أ‬٫
٬‫ ك‬٠ٗ٬‫ٕ جُل‬٬‫ى ك‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫ٕ هِ٘ح أٗ٘ح ٌٗطد ُؼ٘ح‬ًًٍٝ‫ ضط‬ُٞ .ٟٞٔ‫ق ق‬٣ٍٖ ‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ٌْحُس ئ‬
011
‫ذى إٔ ضكىو ٖٓ ‪ًًُ ٝ ٞٛ‬ي ك‪ ٠‬جُلحًّ ًٔح كؼَ ‪٘ٛ‬ح‪ ٝ .‬قىو جٍَُْٔ ٍُِْحُس‪ .‬كوحٍ‬
‫‪ٓ ٖٓ From: Publishing Director‬ى‪ ٍ٣‬جٍُ٘ٗ‪ .‬غْ ذؼى يُي ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ضٌ‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫ٌ‪ٝ‬ض‪٤٘٤‬س ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ضٌطد ‪ ٝ‬ضؼرأ ذٌَٗ ‪ٚ‬ك‪٤‬ف جٌُٔحٕ جُٔه‪ُٜ ٙٛ‬ح‪ .‬غْ ذؼى يُي ‪٣‬أض‪٠‬‬
‫ؾْٓ جٍُْحُس ‪ًٔ ٝ body of the letter‬ح ‪ٓ ٞٛ‬ؼطحو ذىأٗح ذـ ‪ Dear sir‬غْ‬
‫‪We are very pleased to inform you that the first draft of your book‬‬
‫‪has been completed.‬‬
‫‪ٓ ٝ‬ؼ٘ح‪ٛ‬ح أٗ٘ح ٌْ٘‪ ٖ٣ٌٍٝٓٓ ٕٞ‬ؾىج ُ٘هرٍى ‪that the first draft of your book‬‬
‫إٔ جُؼ‪٘٤‬س ج‪ ٠ُٝ٧‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُٓكرس ج‪ ٠ُٝ٧‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٓ‪ٞ‬وز ج‪ً ٖٓ ٠ُٝ٧‬طحذي جًطِٔص‪.‬‬
‫‪ٚ Yours sincerely‬ى‪٣‬وٌْ جُٔهِ‪ Amed Yazouri ٙ‬أقٔى ذحَ‪ٌٟٝ‬‬
‫‪ٓ Publishing Director‬ى‪ ٍ٣‬جٍُ٘ٗ‪.‬‬
‫‪٫‬قع ‪ًٛ‬ج جُلحًّ ػرحٌز ػٖ كحًّ ٖٓ وجٌ جٍُ٘ٗ ئُ‪ٓ ٠‬إُق ًطحخ ضهرٍ‪ ٙ‬ك‪ ٚ٤‬إٔ ًطحذ‪ٚ‬‬
‫هى ‪ٚ‬ىٌش جُٔٓ‪ٞ‬وز ج‪ ٚ٘ٓ ٠ُٝ٧‬قط‪٣ ٠‬طهً ‪ٓ action‬ؼ‪ .ٖ٤‬ئٓح ‪٣‬طِغ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح أ‪٣ ٝ‬ؼط‪٠‬‬
‫‪ approval‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬جكوس ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ ٠ٗٔ٣ ٝ‬ك‪ ٠‬ذحه‪ ٠‬ج‪٩‬ؾٍجءجش‪.‬‬
‫‪٫‬قع أ‪ٟ٣‬ح أٗ‪ٜ‬ح ٌْحُس ه‪ٍ٤ٛ‬ز ض‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ ٚ‬ػرٍ جُلحًّ‪ٓ ٝ .‬ػِ‪ٜ‬ح ٓػَ جٍُْحُس جُط‪ِ٣ٞ‬س‪ٝ .‬‬
‫جُلحًّ ‪٣‬طؼحَٓ ٓؼ‪ٜ‬ح ػِ‪ ٠‬أٗ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ ٝ document‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُلحًٓحش جُكى‪٣‬ػس ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضٍَْ‬
‫‪ٌٞٚ‬ز ٖر‪ ٚ‬أ‪٤ِٚ‬س ‪ original‬قط‪ ٠‬إٔ ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُلحًٓحش ضٓ٘ط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضٍَْ ذح‪ُٞ٧‬جٕ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬قط‪ ٠‬جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ ضٍَْ ‪ٌٞٚ‬ز ق‪٤‬س ٓ٘‪ٝ ٚ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ى‪ٞ٣ ٬‬ؾى ج‪ ٟ‬جٌٖحُ‪٤‬س ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٬٠٩‬ز ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ذح‪٧‬ن‪ ٙ‬ذؼى جُىٓؽ ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُلحًّ ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬ؾ‪ُٜ‬ز جُط‪ْٞ ٠‬ف ٗأض‪ ٠‬ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ذؼى هِ‪.َ٤‬‬

‫)‪2- Electronic mail (E-mail‬‬

‫ج‪ َ٤ٓ٧‬أ‪ electronic mail ٝ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُرٍ‪٣‬ى ج‪ٌُ٩‬طٍ‪ ٝ ٠ٗٝ‬جًُ‪ٓ٣ ٟ‬طهىّ ٖٓ ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُ٘ص‪ ٝ .‬هى‬
‫ج‪ٚ‬رف ‪ٓ٣‬طهىّ جْطهىجٓح ‪ٝ‬جْؼح ٖٓ ن‪ٓ ٍ٬‬ؼظنْ جُٔإْٓنحش ‪ٛ‬نً‪ ٙ‬ج‪٣٧‬نحّ ْن‪ٞ‬جء جُ‪ٛ‬نـ‪ٍ٤‬ز‬
‫أ‪ ٝ‬جٌُر‪ٍ٤‬ز ُٔح ‪ٔ٣‬طحَ ذ‪ٍٚ ٖٓ ٚ‬ػس ػحُ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ضٌِلس َ‪٤ٛ‬ىز ؾىج‪ٌ٘ٔ٣ ٝ .‬ني إٔ ضٍْنَ ج‪٤ٓ٧‬نَ‬
‫كنن‪ ٠‬أ‪ٝ ٟ‬هننص ٓننٖ جُ‪٤‬نن‪ُ ّٞ‬نن‪ ّ٤‬كونن‪ ١‬ننن‪ ٍ٬‬ج‪ٝ٧‬هننحش جٍُْننٔ‪٤‬س‪ٓ٣ ٝ .‬ننطط‪٤‬غ جُطننٍف ج‪٥‬نننٍ‬
‫جُٔٓطورَ هٍجءض‪ ٝ ٚ‬جٍُو ػِ‪ ٚ٤‬أ‪ٟ٣‬نح كن‪ ٠‬أ‪ٝ ٟ‬هنص ‪ ٝ‬كن‪ ٠‬أ‪ٌٓ ٟ‬نحٕ‪ ٝ .‬ذهح‪ٚ‬نس ػ٘نى ‪ٝ‬ؾن‪ٞ‬و‬
‫جنط‪٬‬كحش ؾـٍجك‪٤‬س ‪ٜٗ٧‬ح ضٓرد ك‪ ٠‬جنط‪٬‬ف ك‪ ٠‬جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬ص‪ .‬كٔػ‪٘ٛ ٬‬حى جنط‪٬‬ف ك‪ ٠‬جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬ص‬
‫ذنن‪ ٖ٤‬جُٓننؼ‪ٞ‬و‪٣‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪٣٫ٞ‬ننحش جُٔطكننىز ج‪٤ٌ٣ٍٓ٧‬ننس ذٔننح ‪٣‬وننٍخ ٓننٖ ‪ْ 39‬ننحػس‪ .‬كحُ‪ٞ‬هننص ‪ٌ٣‬نن‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫جق‪٤‬حٗننح ٓ٘حْنند ُِؼٔننَ كنن‪ ٠‬جُٓننؼ‪ٞ‬و‪٣‬س ‪ٌُ٘ ٝ‬نن‪ ٚ‬ؿ‪٤‬ننٍ ٓ٘حْنند ئ‪٬٠‬هننح كنن‪ ٠‬جُ‪٣٫ٞ‬ننحش جُٔطكننىز‬
‫ج‪٤ٌ٣ٍٓ٧‬س ‪ ٝ‬جٌُٔحضد ٓـِوس‪ .‬أ‪ٞ‬ق أٗ‪ ٚ‬ػٖ ‪٣ٍ٠‬نن ج‪٤ٓ٧‬نَ ‪ٌ٘ٔ٣‬ني إٔ ضٍْنَ ٌْنحُطي ٓنٖ‬
‫أ‪ٌٓ ٟ‬حٕ ‪ ٝ‬نح‪ٚ‬س ك‪ ٠‬ظَ جْطهىجّ جُـ ‪ laptop‬جٌُٔر‪ٞ٤‬ضٍ جُٔكٔ‪.ٍٞ‬‬
‫‪You can send your message by using your laptop through the‬‬
‫‪internet with your e-mail not in a particular place in the‬‬
‫‪organization. So you can keep working and achieving your‬‬

‫‪010‬‬
business while you are in your home or on your journey in the bus
or nay where.
Subscibers to e-mail needs a personal computer, a telephone line,
and a modem which is a device for converting signals to text.
َ‫ح‬ٜ‫و ؾ‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٝ ٖٓ ‫ ذى‬٬‫ جُ٘ص ك‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬ٞ‫ جُىن‬ٝ ٠ٍٗٝ‫ٌُط‬٩‫ىى ج‬٣ٍ‫ ذ‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬ُٞٚٞ‫أٓح ػٖ ج‬
ٝ modem ‫َ ذـ‬ٛ‫ٕ ٓط‬ٞ‫ل‬٤ِ‫ ض‬١‫ ن‬ٝ‫ أ‬ًٍُُٟٔ‫ضٍ ج‬ٞ٤‫َ ذحٌُٔر‬ٛ‫ ٓط‬modem ٚ‫ضٍ ذ‬ٞ٤‫ًٔر‬
َ‫ح‬ٜ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ؾ‬ٜٞ‫ٖحٌز جُوحوٓس ك‬٩‫ ج‬ٝ َ‫ح‬ٜ‫ٖ جُؿ‬٤‫ ٓح ذ‬٠‫ْط‬ُٞ‫ٌ جُكِوس ج‬ٝ‫ّ ذى‬ٞ‫و‬٣ ًُٟ‫ج‬
.‫ جٍُْحُس‬ٞٛ ٝ ‫خ‬ٞ‫ ٌٓط‬ٙٗ ٠ُ‫ٖحٌز جُوحوٓس ئ‬٩‫َ ج‬٣ٞ‫ّ ذطك‬ٞ‫و‬٣
So by the e-mail you can send messages and data across the
internet.
So what is the difference between data and information?
‫ٍب اىفرق ثيِ اىجيبّبد و اىَعيىٍبد؟‬
‫ٌٔ٘ني‬٣ ٝ ‫ٓنحش‬ِٞ‫ ػرنحٌز ػنٖ ٓؼ‬٠‫ن‬ٛ information ‫ أٓح‬,‫حٗحش‬٤‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ذ‬٠ٛ Data
:٠‫ض‬٥‫س ًح‬٤‫حت‬٤ًٔ ‫ْ ًٔؼحوُس‬ٜ٘٤‫هس ذ‬٬‫إٔ ضطًًٍ جُؼ‬

Data + treatment = information

‫ ٍعبىجخ أو اجراء عَييبد عييهب = ٍعيىٍبد‬+ ‫اىجيبّبد‬

So we can make use of information easily while it‟s difficult to

use Data in its raw state?
‫حٗحش ئيج‬٤‫ْطلحوز ٖٓ جُر‬٩‫ؼد ج‬ٛ٣ ‫٘ٔح‬٤‫ح ذ‬ٜ٘ٓ ‫ْطلحوز‬٩‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜٓ‫ٌٖٔ جْطهىج‬٣ ‫ٓحش‬ِٞ‫ئيج كحُٔؼ‬
‫ ٓغ‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬ٞ‫حٗحش ضطك‬٤‫ ًُُي ئيج ػحُؿ٘ح جُر‬.٠ٛ ‫حٗحش ًٔح‬٤‫ ذ‬data ‫س‬٤ُٝ٧‫ح ج‬ٜ‫ قحُط‬٠‫ص ك‬٤‫ذو‬
.‫ح‬ٜ٘ٓ ‫ْطلحوز‬٩‫ٌٖٔ ج‬٣ information ‫ٓحش‬ِٞ‫ٓؼ‬
So by e-mail we can exchange data. We can send data. We can
receive data.

Fax status enables you to fax e-mail, messages and other

documents.
ٍَْٗ ٝ َ‫غ إٔ ٍَْٗ ٌْحت‬٤‫َ ٗٓطط‬٤ٓ٧‫ع ج‬ٞٞٞٔ‫ع جُلحًّ ذ‬ٞٞٞٓ ‫ ئيج ٌذط٘ح‬ٝ
to any ٟ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ أًػٍ ئ‬ٝ‫ ًحَٓ أ‬file ‫ ُـ‬attachement َٔ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ٗؼ‬٣ ٝ documents
ٖٓ ٝ ُْ‫ جُؼح‬٠‫ضٍ ك‬ٞ٤‫حَ ًٔر‬ٜ‫ ؾ‬any computer ٝ‫ أ‬fax machine in the world
ٝ ٠ٍٗٝ‫ٌط‬٤ُ٩‫ح ج‬ٌِٜٖ ٠‫ جٍُْحتَ ك‬ٝ ‫ٌٔ٘ي إٔ ضٓطؼَٔ ضِي جُِٔلحش‬٣ ٍ‫ض‬ٞ٤ٌُٔ‫ٍ ج‬٬‫ن‬
. print out ‫ح‬ٜ‫ إٔ ضطرؼ‬ٝ‫س أ‬٤ٍٗٝ‫ٌُط‬٩‫ جُطؿحٌز ج‬٠‫س ك‬ٚ‫ذهح‬

012
:٢ٍٗٝ‫ٌط‬٤ُ٩‫ى ج‬٣ٍ‫ ػ٘ى ئٌْحُي ٌْحتَ ذحُر‬٠‫ جُ٘وح‬ٝ‫ ذؼ‬٠ُ‫س ئ‬ٚ‫س نح‬٣‫ ػ٘ح‬٠‫ؿد إٔ ضؼط‬٣
When you send an e-mail message you must Take care about
some points:
1- On the toolbar, click the new mail button.
new ‫َؼ‬ٞ‫ًج ٓػَ ٗٔن‬ٛ ٝ new mail ‫ هحتٔس‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬click ١‫ـ‬ٞ‫ضٍ ج‬ٞ٤‫ ٖحٖس جٌُٔر‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
‫ى‬٣‫َ ؾى‬٤ٓ‫ ُـ أ‬mail

2- In the (To) and or (CC) boxes, type the e-mail name each
recipient, separating names with comma or semi-colon (;).
.ْٜ٘ٓ ِْ‫ ٓٓط‬recipien ٌَُ َ٤ٓ‫ ْؿَ ْؿَ ج‬CC ‫ ًًُي‬ٝ To ‫ػ٘ىى ًِٔس‬
To add e-mail names from the address book. Its very easy to get
any new addresses book and you can send a letter to that person.
Address ‫ُس ٖٓ ًطحخ‬ٜٞٓ‫ٌٔ٘ي إٔ ضهطحٌ ذ‬٤‫ ك‬ٚ٤ُ‫ى ُطٍَْ ئ‬٣‫ق جْْ ؾى‬٤ٟ‫ ض‬٠‫قط‬
‫ش‬٬٤ٔ٣٩‫ ٖٓ ٓهُٕ ج‬ٟ‫ح أ‬ٜ‫ ضطؼحَٓ ٓؼ‬٠‫ش جُط‬٬٤ٔ٣٩‫ٖ ج‬٣ٝ‫ ػ٘ح‬ٟ‫ٖ أ‬٣ٝ‫ ًطحخ جُؼ٘ح‬Book
.ٝ‫وز ضكص ذؼ‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٞٓ ٌٕٞ‫ح ض‬ًِٜ ًٙٛ ٝ TO, CC, BCC ‫ٗحش‬ٌٞ٣٧‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ح ئ‬ٜ‫ل‬٤ٟ‫ ض‬ٝ
.٠ِ‫و ٖٓ أػ‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٞٓ ٌٕٞ٣ ًُٟ‫جٕ ج‬ٞ٘‫ضكص جُؼ‬
And then select the name, so to add e-mail names from the address
book, click the book icon in the (New message) window next to
TO, CC, BCC and then select the names. To use the BCC box
click the view and then select ALL HEADERS.
ALL ‫ح‬ٜ٘ٓ ٝ ٍٜ‫ ػ‬view ‫ هحتٔس‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬١‫ـ‬ٞ‫ ج‬BCC BOX ّ‫ ضٓطهى‬٠‫قط‬
.ٙ‫ى‬٣ٍ‫ ض‬ًُٟ‫غ إٔ ضهطحٌ ج‬٤‫ح ضٓطط‬ٜ٘ٓ ٝ HEADERS
3- In the Subject box, type a message title subjest.
.ٙ‫ى‬٣ٍ‫ ض‬٠‫جٕ جٍُْحُس جُط‬ٞ٘‫جًطد ػ‬

4- Type your message and then click the SEND button on the New
message toolbar.
ٍٔ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫كس ٓحتس ذحُٔحتس‬٤‫ك‬ٚ ‫ح‬ٜٗ‫ جُطأًى ئ‬ٝ ‫ ذؼى ًطحذس جٍُْحُس‬ٝ َ‫غْ جًطد ٌْحُطي أْل‬
one click ١‫ـ‬ٞ‫ى ذؼى يُي ج‬٤‫ح ؾ‬ٍٜٛ‫رف ٓظ‬ٛ٣ ٝ ‫ح‬ٛ‫ ضؼِٔ٘ح‬٠‫ؾٍجءجش جُط‬٩‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ذىهس ػ‬
‫ضٍ إٔ جٍُْحُس‬ٞ٤‫ي جٌُٔر‬٤‫ؼط‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫رؼح‬٠ ٝ new bar ‫ جُـ‬٠‫ جٌْحٍ ك‬send ‫ٗس‬ٌٞ٣‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
.َ‫ جُٔٓطور‬٠ُ‫ِص ئ‬ٚٝ

013
‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس ٗ‪ َٛ‬ج‪ ٕ٥‬ئُ‪ٜٗ ٠‬ح‪٣‬س ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُكِوس ػِ‪ ٠‬أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس جُوحوٓس ئٕ‬
‫ٖحء هللا ضؼحُ‪ .٠‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جُِوحء ئُ‪ ٠‬يُي جُك‪ ٖ٤‬وٓطْ ك‪ ٠‬قلع هللا ‪ٌ ٝ‬ػح‪٣‬ط‪ ٝ ٚ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٝ ٌْ٤‬‬
‫ٌقٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪.ٚ‬‬

‫‪014‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبىخخ عشر‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس‪ ,‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪ .ٚ‬أ‪ ٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس جُػحُػس‬
‫ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ ٝ .‬جْطٌٔح‪ُِٞٞٞٔ ٫‬ع ضٌِٔ٘ح ػٖ‬
‫‪ ٝ fax message‬ضٌِٔ٘ح ػٖ ج‪ َ٤ٓ٧‬ضٌِٔ٘ح ػٖ ‪ٝ another display of letters‬‬
‫جُ‪ْٞ ّٞ٤‬ف ٗطٌِْ ػٖ جُ٘‪ٞ‬ع جُػحُع ‪ ٞٛ ٝ‬جُ٘‪ٞ‬ع جُٗحتغ ‪.telex message ٞٛ ٝ‬‬

‫‪3- telex message‬‬

‫رصبئو اىجرقيبد‬

‫‪The telex message is typed as with a normal typewriter but‬‬

‫‪sending a message needs operation skills and command of‬‬
‫‪abbreviation recognized internationally.‬‬
‫ػحوز ًحٗص ضطرغ جُرٍه‪٤‬حش ‪ ٝ‬جٍُْحتَ ٖٓ ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُطحذؼس جُؼحو‪٣‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ ّٞ٤‬ضطرغ ٖٓ ن‪ٍ٬‬‬
‫أؾ‪ُٜ‬ز جٌُٔر‪ٞ٤‬ضٍ جُكى‪٣‬ػس‪ ٌُٖ .‬جٌْحٍ ٌْحُس جُرٍه‪٤‬س ضكى‪٣‬ىج ‪٣‬ططِد ٓ‪ٜ‬حٌجش ضٗـ‪٤ِ٤‬س‬
‫نح‪ٚ‬س ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ُٔ٩‬حّ جُطحّ جُٔهط‪ٍٛ‬جش جُٔطؼحٌف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ػحُٔ‪٤‬ح ٓػَ ُـحش جُرٍٓؿس جُوى‪ٔ٣‬س‬
‫‪٧‬ؾ‪ُٜ‬ز جٌُٔر‪ٞ٤‬ضٍ جُط‪ ٠‬ضؼِٔ٘ح‪ٛ‬ح ٓػَ ُـس ‪ DOS or BASIC‬كطِي جُِـحش ضكط‪ ٟٞ‬ػِ‪٠‬‬
‫ٌٓ‪ ٝ َٞ‬أ‪ٝ‬جٍٓ ٓطؼحٌف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ػحُٔ‪٤‬ح ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٠‬طْ جُطؼٍف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ ٝ‬جُطؼَٔ ذ‪ٜ‬ح ٖٓ هرَ‬
‫جُٔطه‪. ٖ٤ٛٛ‬‬

‫‪Layout of a telex message:‬‬

‫جُٔظ‪ ٍٜ‬جُؼحّ ٍُْحُس جُرٍه‪٤‬س‬

‫]‪Telecommunication corporation [tcc 70‬‬

‫‪Serial no, date, time, pocede to select‬‬
‫]‪[ z13421 JUN 03 99 0150 PTS‬‬

‫جُٓطٍ جُػحٗ‪ ٝ serial number ٠‬ذؼى يُي ضٌطد جُـ ‪ date‬جُطحٌ‪٣‬م ٓرحٍٖز غْ جُـ ‪time‬‬
‫غْ ‪ procede to select‬جًُ‪٣ٍٗ ٟ‬ى إٔ ٗهطحٌ‪٫ ٙ‬قع ٓغ ذىج‪٣‬س جُو‪ًٛ [213412] ِٞ‬ج‬
‫ًِ‪ ٚ‬جُـ ‪ serial number‬أ‪ ٟ‬جٍُهْ جُٔطَِٓٓ غْ ذؼى يُي جُـ ‪JUN 30 99 ٞٛ ٝ date‬‬
‫غْ ذؼى يُي ‪ Time‬جُٓحػس جُ‪ٞ‬جقىز ‪ًً ٝ‬ج‪.‬‬

‫‪015‬‬
called ٠ٗ‫ جُٓطٍ جُػح‬٠ُ‫ غْ ٗ٘طوَ ئ‬Called No. (t end of number [215214]
ْ‫ غْ جٍُه‬plus end of number ِٞ‫ ه‬ٙ‫ ذؼى‬ٝ ‫خ‬ِٞ‫ جٍُهْ جُٔط‬ٟ‫ أ‬number
.‫ ئٖحٌز َجتى‬plus + ‫س ئٖحٌز‬٣‫ح‬ُٜ٘‫ ج‬٠‫ ك‬ٝ 21321 ‫خ‬ِٞ‫جُٔط‬
ٌ‫ح‬ٚ ٕ٥‫ٕ جٍُهْ ج‬٧ ْ‫ًج جٍُه‬ٛ ٠ِ‫ذي ػ‬ٝ‫ؿح‬٣ ًُٟ‫ جُٔٓطورَ ج‬٠ُ‫ق ضٍؾغ ئ‬٤ً ‫ٕ ضؼٍف‬٥‫ج‬
ْ‫ ٌه‬ٙ‫ ذؼى‬ٝ answer back [21521 SON CO. JORDAN. ٞٛ ٝ ‫ٓؼي‬
Text ‫ غْ ذؼى يُي جُـ‬Sender‟s NO 21444 REMCO JORDAN ٍَُْٔ‫ج‬
.ٚ‫ى إٔ ضٌطر‬٣ٍ‫ ض‬ًُٟ‫ جٍُْحُس ج‬ٙٗ ٟ‫ أ‬ُٙ٘‫ج‬

PLS
TEXT R[PRoCEDE SHOPPING
ASAP LC CFM ACCIRDINGLY RGPS

‫ح‬ٛ‫ ذؼى‬ٝ proceed shipping ‫ح جُـ‬ٛ‫ذؼى‬ٝ ‫ٔس‬٣‫ جُرٍجٓؽ جُوى‬٠‫ ٗؿى ك‬Pls
ْٓ‫ ؾ‬٠‫ ك‬ٙ‫ى‬٣ٍ‫ ض‬ًُٟ‫ غْ ذؼى يُي ضٌطد ج‬ASAP LC CFM Accordingly rgds
.‫جٍُْحُس‬
Sender‟s NO [214444 REMCo JO]
‫ ؾْٓ جٍُْحُس‬bodyof the letter ‫س‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ ك‬ٍٟ‫ ٍٓز أن‬sender‟s NO ‫قع ًطر٘ح‬٫
. answer back ٠ِ‫ًى ػ‬ٞٗ ْ‫كٌ٘طد ٌهْ جٍَُْٔ غ‬
Answer back wru 21521 SUN CO JORDAN
‫ص جٍُْحُس‬ٜ‫ جٗط‬ٚٗ‫ح أ‬٤ُٔ‫ ػح‬ٚ٤ِ‫ ٓطؼحٌف ػ‬ٚٗ‫ ٖٓ أؾَ أ‬ٝ END OF LINE ‫ح‬ٛ‫ ذؼى‬ٝ
‫ح‬ٜ‫ جْطـٍهط‬٠‫س جُط‬٤ُُ٘ٓ‫ جُٔىز ج‬٠ٛ ٝ DURARTION ‫غ‬ٟٗ ْ‫[ غ‬mmmm] ‫غ‬ٟٗ
.‫جٍُْحُس‬
.‫جقىز‬ٝ ‫وس‬٤‫ وه‬ٝ ‫ ْحػس‬٠ٛٝ [Time 01. 1 Minute]

Layout of the text message

Telecommunication, corporation [tcc70

Serial no, date time, procode to select
[213421 JUN 03 99 0150 PTS
Called NO. end of number [2154214
Answer back [21521 SUN CO JO
Sender‟s NO [21444 REMCO JO]
Plus
016
TEXT PROCEDE SHIPPING
ASAP LC CFM ACCOHDI NGLY RGDS
Sender‟s No [21444 REMCO JO
Answer back WRUL [21521 SUN CO 10
End of line [MMMM
Duration [Time 01.1 MINS

َ‫ننى إٔ ٍْٗنن‬٣ٍٗ ٝ ‫ٍز‬٤‫نن‬ٛ‫ٕ ه‬ٞ‫ننح ضٌنن‬ٜٗ‫ننُجش ج‬٤ٔٓ advantage ‫ننح ػننىز‬ُٜ ‫ننحش‬٤‫رؼننح جُرٍه‬٠ ٝ
‫ ٌُنٖ ٌذٔنح‬.‫نٍز ؾنىج‬ٛ‫ٕ ٓهط‬ٞ‫ ضٌن‬ٝ action ‫ج‬ًٝ‫طهن‬٣ ٕ‫٘س ٖٓ جؾَ أ‬٤‫س ٓؼ‬ٜ‫ ؾ‬٠ُ‫ٓس ئ‬ِٞ‫ٓؼ‬
‫ ٓؼٍكنس‬٠‫ ذكحؾنس ئُن‬ٝ ٖ٤‫ن‬ٛ‫ جٗنحِ ٓهط‬٠‫نح ذكحؾنس ئُن‬ٜٗ‫ أ‬disadvantage ‫ٕ ٓنٖ جُنـ‬ٞ‫ٌن‬٣
‫٘نس‬٤‫ ذى إٔ ٗطهً ئؾٍجءجش ٓؼ‬٫ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ح‬٤ُٔ‫ح ػح‬ٜ٤ِ‫َ جُٔطؼحٌف ػ‬ٍُٞٓ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ّ جُ٘حِ ئ‬ٞٔ‫ػ‬
document ‫وننس‬٤‫غ‬ًٞ ‫ننح‬ٜ‫ننح ٓؼطننٍف ذ‬ٜٗ‫ننح أ‬ٜ‫ُجض‬٤ٔٓ ٖ‫ ٓنن‬ٝ .‫خ‬ٞ‫ننٍ ذحُٗننٌَ جُٔطِنن‬ٜ‫ ضظ‬٠‫قطنن‬
.َ‫ جٍُْحت‬ٝ ‫حش‬٤‫ح ٓػَ جُرٍه‬ِٜ‫ح أٓحّ جُٔكحًْ ٓػ‬٤ٗٞٗ‫ح هح‬ٜ‫ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ضكحؾؽ ذ‬

4- Telegrams and cables;

air ٍ‫ جِ ػر‬cables ‫ٍ جُـ‬٬‫ ٌُٖ ٖٓ ن‬ٝ ‫حش‬٤‫جع جُرٍه‬ٞٗ‫ع ٖٓ أ‬ٞٗ ٞٛ ٝ ‫ع جٍُجذغ‬ُٞ٘‫ج‬
.‫ى‬٬ْ٧‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ش‬٬‫ٌُٖ ػرٍ جٌُحذ‬
Telegrams and cables are sent from the post office or dictated by
the telephone.
‫ ػ٘ىٓح‬.ٕٞ‫ل‬٤ِ‫ٖ جُط‬٤‫ ذ‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ٘٤‫ؾس ذ‬ٝ‫س ُٓج‬٤ِٔ‫ ػ‬ٍٟ‫ ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ضؿ‬ٝ‫ى أ‬٣ٍ‫ضٍَْ ٖٓ ٌٓحضد جُر‬
ٖ٤‫س ذؼ‬٤ُ‫ جُطح‬٠‫ ذى إٔ ضإنً جُ٘وح‬٫ ‫ع‬ُٞ٘‫ًج ج‬ٛ ٖٓ َ‫ ٌْحت‬ٝ‫حش أ‬٤‫ى إٔ ضٌطد ذٍه‬٣ٍ‫ض‬
:ٌ‫ػطرح‬٫‫ج‬
When you want to write a telegram the following points should be
considered.
1- Us the telegraphic address e.g JWICO
JWICO َ‫ ٓػ‬٠‫جٕ جُرٍه‬ٞ٘‫ جْطهىّ جُؼ‬٫ٝ‫أ‬
2- Cables are usually written in capital letters
‫ٍز‬٤‫ف ًر‬ٍٝ‫ؿد إٔ ضٌطد جُك‬٣
3- The word if used instead of fullstop.
.‫ جُ٘وطس‬full stop ‫ ٖٓ جُـ‬٫‫ ذى‬word stop ‫ضٓطهىّ جُـ‬
4- It‟s better to use words rather than figures.
‫قع‬٫ ّ‫ٌهح‬٧‫َ جْطهىجّ جٌُِٔحش ذىٍ ج‬ٟ‫ل‬٣

017
‫‪JOPETROL‬‬ ‫‪]ADDRESSE‟S TELEGRAPHIC‬‬
‫‪SHIPMENT RCVD STOP LC MESSAGE FOLLOWS STOP‬‬
‫‪JWICO‬‬ ‫‪] SENDER‟S TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS‬‬

‫‪٫‬قع‬
‫‪JOPERTOL , SHIPMENT, RECIECED STOP FOLLOWS STIO‬‬
‫‪JWICO →ADDRESSE‟S TELGRAPHIC.‬‬
‫جًطد جًُ‪ ٟ‬ضٍ‪٣‬ى‪ whtever message you want ٙ‬غْ ‪sender‟s telegraphic‬‬
‫ػ٘‪ٞ‬جٕ جٍَُْٔ ئُ‪.ٚ٤‬‬
‫ئيج ذٌَ ذٓح‪٠‬س جُٔكط‪٣ٞ‬حش ذطحػط‪ٜ‬ح ٓهط‪ٍٛ‬ز‬
‫‪ -‬ك‪ ٠‬جُرىج‪٣‬س جُؼ٘‪ٞ‬جٕ ‪ ٝ‬ذؼى يُي ‪ ٝ addressing telegraph‬ذغ يُي ؾْٓ جٍُْحُس‬
‫‪ٓ body of the letter‬غ جُؼِْ إٔ جٍُْحُس ‪ message‬ئيج ًحٗص ‪ِ٣ٞ٠‬س ‪٣‬طرن ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح‬
‫‪ three paragraphs rule‬هحػىز جُػ‪٬‬ظ كوٍجش غْ ذؼى يُي ٗ‪ٟ‬غ ‪sender‬‬
‫‪ ٌُٖ telegraphic address‬ػ٘ى جْطهىجّ ‪٣ telegram and cables‬ل‪ َٟ‬إٔ‬
‫ضطكحٖ‪ ٠‬ج‪ٌ٧‬هحّ ‪ ٝ‬قح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضؼرٍ ػٖ ج‪ٌ٧‬هحّ ذحٌُِٔحش ‪ًٛ ٝ‬ج ًحٕ جُ٘‪ٞ‬ع جٍُجذغ‪ًٌٛ ٝ .‬ج‬
‫ٗأض‪ٜٗ ٠‬ح‪٣‬س جُ‪ٞ‬قىز جٍُجذؼس ‪unit four‬‬

‫‪Unit four‬‬

‫‪Common business terms, documents and abbreviation.‬‬

‫جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش ‪ ٝ‬جُٔهط‪ٍٛ‬جش جُؼحٓس ‪ ٝ‬جُٔطؼحٌف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ك‪ٓ ٠‬ؿحٍ ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ‪.‬‬
‫ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ك‪ٓ ٠‬ؿحٍ ج‪ْ٩‬ط‪ٍ٤‬جو ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪ٛ‬ى‪ ٝ ,ٍ٣‬ك‪ٓ ٠‬ؿحٍ جُطهِ‪ ٙ٤‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ك‪٠‬‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞ‬جٗ‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪٣ٞ‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُركٍ‪٣‬س‪ًٛ .‬ج ج‪ ٝ ّٞ٣٫‬ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ذل‪ َٟ‬جُؼ‪ُٔٞ‬س ‪ ٝ‬جٗ‪ٟٔ‬حّ ٓؼظْ‬
‫جُى‪ ٍٝ‬ئُ‪٘ٓ ٠‬ظٔس جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س جُؼحُٔ‪٤‬س‪ ٝ ,‬جُه‪ٛ‬ه‪ٛ‬س ‪ُْٜٞ ٝ‬س جُطؿحٌز ‪ ٝ‬جَجُس جُك‪ٞ‬ؾُ‬
‫جُؿًٍٔ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٩‬ضكحوجش ‪ ٝ‬جُطٌط‪٬‬ش جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ًَ ‪ًٛ‬ج ‪٣‬ؿؼَ ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد ئُٔحٓي ذ‪ًٜٙ‬‬
‫جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش ‪ٓ ٝ‬حيج ضؼ٘‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش ٓ‪ ْٜ‬ؾىج ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ئيج ً٘ص ضلٌٍ أٗي‬
‫ٓٓطور‪ْٞ ٬‬ف ض٘ٗأ ػٔ‪ ٬‬نح٘ ذي أ‪ ٝ‬ضٓط‪ٌٞ‬و أ‪ ٝ‬ض‪ٛ‬ىٌ أ‪ ٝ‬ضٗطـَ ذًٍٗحش جُوطحع‬
‫جُهح٘ أ‪ ٝ‬جُوطحع جُؼحّ أ‪ ٝ‬قط‪ ٠‬ك‪ ٠‬جُٔإْٓحش جُكٌ‪٤ٓٞ‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُطط‪ٞ‬ػ‪٤‬س‪ ,‬جٗي ضطؼحَٓ ٓغ‬
‫جُهحٌؼ ٖٓ ن‪ ٍ٬‬ج‪ْ٧‬ط‪ٍ٤‬جو ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪ٛ‬ى‪ ٍ٣‬ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ٓغ جُػ‪ٌٞ‬ز جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حض‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُطٌ٘‪ُٞٞ‬ؾ‪٤‬س‬

‫‪018‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٗ٥‬لطحـ ػِ‪ ٠‬جُؼحُْ ‪ ًٙٛ ٝ‬جُٔهط‪ٍٛ‬جش ‪ ٝ‬جٍُٗ‪ ٠ٝ‬أ‪ٚ‬رف ٓ‪ ْٜ‬ؾىج إٔ ضًٍُ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح‬
‫ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد ‪ ٝ‬إٔ ض‪ٛ‬رف ِْٓ ذ‪ٜ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٝ Documents and abbreviation‬غحتن ‪ٓ ٝ‬هط‪ٍٛ‬جش‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٓ ٍٝ‬ح ٗرىج ذ‪ٗ ٞٛ ٚ‬ظحّ جُـ ‪. FOB‬‬
‫?‪What does it mean‬‬

‫‪FOB‬‬
‫‪Fob means “free on board”. The goods are placed on the board of‬‬
‫‪the ship by the seller at a port of shipment named in the contract.‬‬
‫أ‪ ٟ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ظ‪ ٍٜ‬جُٓل‪٘٤‬س‪ًٛ.‬ج جًُ‪٣ٍ٣ ٟ‬ى إٔ ‪ٓ٣‬ط‪ٌٞ‬و أ‪ٛ٣ ٝ‬ىٌ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ك‪ ٬‬ذى إٔ ض‪ٞٞ‬غ‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ػِ‪ ٠‬ظ‪ ٍٜ‬جُٓل‪٘٤‬س ٖٓ كرَ جُرحتغ ك‪٘٤ٓ ٠‬حء جُط‪ٛ‬ى‪ ٍ٣‬جُ٘‪ ٘ٞٛ‬ػِ‪ ٝ ٚ٤‬جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬خ‬
‫ك‪ ٠‬ػوى جُر‪٤‬غ‪.‬‬
‫‪The risk of loss of or damage to the goods is transferred from the‬‬
‫‪seller to the buyer.‬‬
‫‪ٓ ٝ‬هح‪ ٍ٠‬كوىجٕ أ‪ ٝ‬نٍجخ أ‪ ٝ‬ئ‪٬ٛ‬ى جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ض٘طوَ ٖٓ جُرحتغ ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٗطٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫ئيج ٖٓ جًُ‪٣ ٟ‬طكَٔ جُٔهح‪ ٍ٠‬قٓد ٗظحّ جُـ ‪ٗ ٞٛ ٝ FOB‬ظحّ جُطكٔ‪ ٖٓ َ٤‬ك‪ٞ‬م ظ‪ٍٜ‬‬
‫جُٓل‪٘٤‬س؟ ٖٓ جًُ‪٣ ٟ‬طكَٔ ٓهح‪ ٍ٠‬نٓحٌز جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ؟ ‪٣ ٫‬طكِٔ‪ٜ‬ح جُرحتغ ‪٣ ٌُٖ ٝ‬طكِٔ‪ٜ‬ح‬
‫جُٔٗطٍ‪٣ ٚٗ٧ .ٟ‬و‪ٓ The risk of loss of or damage to the goods ٍٞ‬هح‪ٍ٠‬‬
‫ج‪٬ٛ‬ى أ‪ ٝ‬نٓحٌز جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ض٘طوَ ٓٓإُ‪٤‬ط‪ٜ‬ح ٖٓ جُرحتغ ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ٟ‬‬
‫‪transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the‬‬
‫‪ship‟s rail.‬‬
‫ػ٘ىٓح ضؼرنٍ جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس جُٔ‪٘٤‬نحء‪ .‬ئيج ٓٓنإُ‪٤‬س جُرنحتغ كن‪ٗ ٠‬ظنحّ جُنـ ‪ FOB‬كون‪ ١‬جٗن‪٣ ٚ‬نإٖٓ ُني‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬ننحػس ػِنن‪ ٠‬ظ‪ٜ‬ننٍ جُٓننل‪٘٤‬س‪ٓ ٝ .‬ؿننٍو إٔ ‪ٞٝ‬ننغ جُر‪ٟ‬ننحػس ػِنن‪ ٠‬ظ‪ٜ‬ننٍ جُٓننل‪٤‬طس جٗط‪ٜ‬ننص‬
‫ٓٓننإُ‪٤‬ط‪ ٝ ٚ‬جٗط‪ٜ‬نن‪ ٠‬و‪ً ٝ ٌٙٝ‬ننَ ٓننح ضرونن‪ٓ ٠‬ننٖ ٓهننح‪ُ ٍ٠‬لوننىجٕ جُر‪ٟ‬ننحػس ‪ْ ٝ‬نن‪ٞ‬جء ًحٗننص‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ٓإٖٓ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح أ‪ ٝ‬ؿ‪ٓ ٍ٤‬إٖٓ ُ‪ٓ٤‬ص ٓٓإُ‪٤‬س جُرنحتغ ‪ ٝ‬جٗٔنح ‪ٛ‬ن‪ٓٓ ٠‬نإُ‪٤‬س جُٔٗنطٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫ئيج ًَ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُٔهح‪ ٍ٠‬ض٘طوَ ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬قٓد ٗظحّ جُـ ‪.FOB‬‬

‫‪C&F‬‬

‫جُ٘ظحّ جُػحٗ‪ ٠‬ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد ‪ٗ ٞٛ ٝ‬ظحّ ‪٫. C&f‬ؾع إٔ ‪ٓ ًٙٛ‬هط‪ٍٛ‬جش‬

‫‪ ًَ ٝ abbrevations‬قٍف جٌذط‪ ٚ‬ذٌِٔس‪ .‬ؿ‪ ٠ٜ‬ك‪ ٠‬ج‪ َٚ٧‬ؾِٔس أنطٍٗح ٖٓ ًَ ًِٔس‬
‫ٓ٘‪ٜ‬ح قٍف‪.‬‬

‫‪019‬‬
 ‫كِ‪ ٞ‬ضطًًٍ‪ًِٔ ٕٝ‬س ‪ ٠ٛ FOB‬جنط‪ٛ‬حٌ ُؿِٔس ‪ FREE ON BOARD‬كٌِٔس ‪free‬‬
‫أنًٗح ٓ٘‪ٜ‬ح قٍف جُـ ‪ًِٔ ٝ f‬س ‪ on‬أنًٗح قٍف ‪ًِٔ ٝ o‬س ‪ board‬أن٘ح ٓ٘‪ٜ‬ح قٍف ‪ٝ b‬‬
‫ًُُي ْٔ‪٘٤‬ح‪ٛ‬ح ‪.FOB‬‬
‫‪ٗ ٝ‬لّ جُٗة ك‪ ٠ٛ ٝ C&F ٠‬ضؼ٘‪ cost and freight ٠‬جُطٌحُ‪٤‬ق ‪ ٝ‬جُٗكٖ‪٫ .‬قع‬
‫أنًٗح قٍف جُـ ‪ ٝ cost ٖٓ C‬أنًٗح قٍف جُـ ‪.freight ٖٓ f‬‬
‫‪So F&C means the cost and freight. And in this system the seller‬‬
‫‪must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the‬‬
‫‪named destination.‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬كنن‪ٛ ٠‬ننًج جُ٘ظننحّ ‪ ٫‬ذننى ُِرننحتغ إٔ ‪٣‬ننىكغ جُطٌننحُ‪٤‬ق جُ‪ٟ‬ننٍ‪٣ٌٝ‬س ‪٧ ٝ‬ق‪ٟ‬ننحٌ جُر‪ٟ‬ننحػس ئُنن‪٠‬‬
‫جُؿ‪ٜ‬ننس جُٔ٘‪ٛ‬نن‪ ٘ٞ‬ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ننح أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔطلننن ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ننح ٗؼ٘نن‪ ٠‬ؾ‪ٜ‬ننس جُ‪ٚٞ‬نن‪ًِٔ ٝ .ٍٞ‬ننس ‪destination‬‬
‫ضؼ٘نن‪ ٠‬ؾ‪ٜ‬ننس جُ‪ٚٞ‬نن‪ًِٔ ٝ ٍٞ‬ننس ‪ named‬ضؼ٘نن‪ ٠‬جُٔطلننن ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ننح أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ٘‪ٛ‬نن‪ ٘ٞ‬ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ننح ج‪ٝ‬‬
‫جًًُٔ‪ٌٞ‬ز‪.‬‬
‫‪But the risk of losing or damaging of the goods as well as any cost‬‬
‫‪increases are transferred from the seller to the buyer when the‬‬
‫‪goods passed the ship's rail.‬‬
‫ٌُٖ ٓهح‪ ٍ٠‬كوىجٕ أ‪ ٝ‬نٓنحٌز جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٟ٣‬نح أ‪٣َ ٟ‬نحوز كن‪ ٠‬جُطٌنحُ‪٤‬ق جُٔٓنطورِس ض٘طونَ‬
‫ٓننٖ جُرننحتغ جُنن‪ ٠‬جُٔٗننطٍ‪ ٟ‬ػ٘ننىٓح ضؼرننٍ جُر‪ٟ‬ننحػس جُٔ‪٘٤‬ننح جُركننٍ‪ُِٓ ٟ‬ننل‪٘٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُٔو‪ٛ‬نن‪ٞ‬و ٓ‪٘٤‬ننح‬
‫جُط‪ٛ‬ى‪.ٍ٣‬‬
‫جيج ‪٫‬قننع أٗنن‪ ٚ‬كنن‪ٗ ٠‬ظننحّ جُننـ ‪ُ FOB‬ننْ ٗننًًٍ أ‪٣َ ٟ‬ننحوز كنن‪ ٠‬جُطٌننحُ‪٤‬ق‪ .‬كونن‪ ١‬جُرننحتغ ‪ٟ٣‬ننغ‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ػِ‪ ٠‬ظ‪ ٍٜ‬جُٓل‪٘٤٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ض٘ط‪ٜٔٓ ٠ٜ‬ط‪٘ٛ ٌُٖ .ٚ‬ح أًىٗح ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ذٌَٗ ‪ٝ‬ج‪ٞ‬ف‪ .‬كحُونحٗ‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫قننىو‪ٛ‬ح‪ .‬ئيج ذٔؿننٍو إٔ ضونن‪ٗ C&F ٍٞ‬ننىٌى ٓؿٔ‪ٞ‬ػننس ٖننٍ‪ٓ ٠ٝ‬طؼننحٌف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ننح هننى قننىو‪ٛ‬ح‬
‫جُوحٗ‪. ٕٞ‬كايج جٖطٍ‪٣‬ص ػِن‪ٛ ٠‬نًج جُ٘ظنحّ ذٔؿنٍو إٔ ض‪ٞ‬هنغ جُؼونى كأٗنص ِٓنُّ ذٌنَ ٖنٍ‪ٚ٠ٝ‬‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬جء ً٘ص ضؼنٍف أ‪ ٫ ٝ‬ضؼنٍف ‪٣‬ؼ٘ن‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬نَ ‪٣ ٫‬ؼل‪٤‬ني ٓنٖ جُطرؼحٗنص جُوحٗ‪٤ٗٞ‬نس‪ ٝ .‬ذحُطنحُ‪٠‬‬
‫ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد جيج ً٘نص ضٍ‪٣‬نى إٔ ض‪ٛ‬نرف ٌؾنَ أػٔنحٍ ‪ ٝ‬ضٗنطـَ كن‪ٓ ٠‬ؿنحٍ ج‪ْ٩‬نط‪ٍ٤‬جو ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُط‪ ٛ‬ى‪٣ ٍ٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ ِْٓ ٕٞ‬ذ‪ ًٜٙ‬ج‪ٝ ٝ ٌٞٓ٧‬جػ‪ُٜ ٠‬ح ‪ٓ ٝ‬ح ‪ٓ ٞٛ‬كط‪٣ٞ‬نحش ًنَ ٓ‪ٛ‬نطِف ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٓح ‪ ٠ٛ‬جُطرؼحش جُوحٗ‪٤ٗٞ‬س جُط‪ ٠‬ضطٍضد ػِ‪ٛٓ ًَ ٠‬طِف‪.‬‬
‫‪So C&F means cost and freight‬‬

‫‪CIF‬‬
‫‪ًٛ‬ج ‪ ٞٛ‬جُ٘‪ٞ‬ع جُػحُع‪ ٝ .‬يًٍٗح ٖٓ هرَ إٔ ج‪ُٔ٩‬حّ ذٔؼحٗ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش ٓ‪ ْٜ‬ؾنىج كن‪٠‬‬
‫ٓؿننحٍ جُطؿننحٌز ك‪ٜ‬نن‪ ٠‬ضٓننطهىّ ذٌٗننَ ًر‪٤‬ننٍ ‪ ٝ‬ػِنن‪ٗ ٠‬طننحم ‪ْ ٝ‬ننغ قطنن‪ ٠‬جُ٘ننحِ جُؼننحو‪ٖ٤٣‬‬
‫جُٔٗطـِ‪ ٖ٤‬ذحُطؿحٌز ضٓٔؼ‪ ْٜ‬كن‪ ٠‬ق‪٤‬نحض‪ ْٜ‬جُؼحو‪٣‬نس ‪ٓ ٝ‬ؼٔ‪٬‬ض‪ٜ‬نْ ‪ ٝ‬جض‪ٛ‬ن‪٬‬ض‪٣ ْٜ‬ون‪ٓ ُٖٞ‬نػ‪ ٬‬أٗنح‬
‫أٖطٍ‪٣‬ص ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬ظحّ ‪٤ْ ٚٗٞٔٓ٣ ٝ CIF‬ق ذحُِـس جُؼٍذ‪٤‬س أ‪ٗ ٝ‬ظحّ ‪ًٌٛ ٝ FOB‬ج‪.‬‬
‫‪001‬‬
 ‫‪CIF means const insurance and freight‬‬
‫ًِٔس ‪ insurance‬ضؼ٘‪ ٠‬جُطأٓ‪ ٝ ٖ٤‬قط‪ ٠‬ج‪ ًًٍٗ ُْ ٕ٥‬جُطأٓ‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ ٝ‬أ‪ٖ ٟ‬ة ػ٘‪ ٌُٖ ٚ‬ضطٍه٘نح‬
‫ئُ‪ٓ ٠‬هح‪ ٍ٠‬كوىجٕ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس جُط‪ ٠‬ض٘طوَ ٖٓ جُرحتغ ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٖٓ ٝ .ٟ‬هرَ هى ضطٍه٘نح ئُن‪٠‬‬
‫جُننـ ‪ ٝ cost‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ننح ئُنن‪ٌُ freight ٠‬ننٖ كنن‪ٛ ٠‬ننًج جُ٘ظننحٕ ٗظننحّ جُننـ ‪ٗ CIF‬ظننحّ جُٓنن‪٤‬ق هننى‬
‫ضطٍه٘ح ئُن‪ ٠‬جُنـ ‪ ٝ cost‬أ‪ٟ٣‬نح ئُن‪ ٝ freight ٠‬ئُن‪ insurance ٠‬جُطنحٓ‪ ٖ٤‬ػِن‪ ٠‬جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس‪.‬‬
‫كل‪ٗ ٠‬ظحّ جُـ ‪ FOB‬أٗنص قنٍ ضنإٖٓ أ‪ ٫ ٝ‬ضنإٖٓ ػِن‪ ٠‬جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس‪ٛ .‬نً‪ٓٓ ٙ‬نإُ‪٤‬طي ‪ٓ٤ُ ٝ‬نص‬
‫ٓٓإُ‪٤‬س جُرحتغ ‪٠‬رغ ج‪ٚ٧‬نَ ك‪٤‬ني جٗني ًٔٗنطٍ‪ ٟ‬أٗني ضنإٖٓ‪ .‬أً‪٤‬نى كن‪ ٠‬جُطنحٓ‪ْ ٖ٤‬ن‪ٞ‬ف ضنىكغ‬
‫أٓنن‪ٞ‬جٍ جًػننٍ ٌُننٖ ئيج ُننْ ضننإٖٓ ‪ ٝ‬قننىظ ٓننح ‪ ٫‬ضكٔننى ػورننح‪ٓ ٙ‬ننٖ ؿننٍم جُكح‪٣ٝ‬ننس ج‪ ٝ‬نطننق‬
‫جُٓل‪٘٤‬س ج‪ ٝ‬ؿ‪ٍ٤‬ز كٓ‪ٞ‬ف ضهٍٓ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس‪ .‬كأٗص ًٔٗطٍ‪ٟ‬‬
‫‪You as a buyer should trade between the benefit and the cost and‬‬
‫‪then you will take your decision.‬‬
‫كأٗص ػ٘ىٓح ضٍ‪٣‬نى جٕ ضطهنً هنٍجٌ ‪ ٫‬ذنى جٕ ضؼٔنَ ٓلح‪ٞٝ‬نس ذن‪ ٖ٤‬جُٔ٘نحكغ جٌُِ‪٤‬نس ‪ ٝ‬جُطٌنحُ‪٤‬ق‬
‫جٌُِ‪٤‬س كايج ‪ٝ‬ؾىش ذؼو‪٤ٗ٬‬س ‪ rationality‬إٔ جُٔ٘حكغ جٌُِ‪٤‬س أًرنٍ ٓنٖ جُطٌنحُ‪٤‬ق جٌُِ‪٤‬نس ‪ok‬‬
‫‪ then you will take your decision‬كٓن‪ٞ‬ف ضطهنً هنٍجٌى ذنإٔ ضنإٖٓ ٓنػ‪ ٬‬ػِن‪٠‬‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬ننحػس‪ٌُ .‬ننٖ ئيج ‪ٝ‬ؾننىش أٗنن‪ ٚ‬ؿ‪٤‬ننٍ ‪ٞ‬ننٍ‪ ٌٟٝ‬جٕ ضننإٖٓ ‪ ٝ‬إٔ هننحٗ‪ ٕٞ‬جُ٘وننَ جُركننٍ‪ٓ ٟ‬ننٖ‬
‫جُؿ‪ٜ‬س جُٔ‪ٛ‬ىٌز ئُ‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬نس جُٔٓنط‪ٌٞ‬وز ‪ٓ٣‬نٔف ذؼنىّ جُطنحٓ‪ ,ٖ٤‬ك‪ٜ‬نًج ‪ٍ٣‬ؾنغ ئُن‪ ٠‬جُرنحتغ ٌُ٘ن‪ٚ‬‬
‫ُ‪٠ٍٖ ّ٤‬ح ك‪ٗ ٠‬ظحّ جُـ ‪.FOB‬‬
‫ٌُٖ وػ‪ٗٞ‬ح ٍٗ‪ ٟ‬جٍُٗ‪ ٠ٝ‬ك‪ٗ ٠‬طحّ ‪. CIF‬‬
‫?‪What is the meaning of CIF‬‬
‫‪CIF mans cost and insurance and freight.‬‬
‫جيج ‪٫‬قع قٍف ‪ٓ C‬نٖ ًِٔنس ‪ ٝ cost‬قنٍف ‪ٓ I‬نٖ ًِٔنس ‪ ٝ insurance‬قنٍف ‪ٓ f‬نٖ‬
‫ًِٔس ‪. freight‬‬
‫‪This term (CIF) is basically appears like C&F but with the‬‬
‫‪addition that the seller has to marine insurancing against the risk‬‬
‫‪of losing or damaging the goods during the carriage.‬‬
‫جيج ‪ٛ‬ننًج جُٔ‪ٛ‬ننطِف ‪ٛ ٝ‬نن‪ٗ٣ CIF ٞ‬ننر‪ C&F ٚ‬جُنن‪ ٠‬قننى ًر‪٤‬ننٍ ٓننغ ج‪ٞ‬ننحكس إٔ جُرننحتغ ‪٣‬طكٔننَ‬
‫ضٌحُ‪٤‬ق جُطأٓ‪ ٖ٤‬ػِ‪ ٠‬نط‪ٌٞ‬ز ‪٤ٞ‬حع أ‪ ٝ‬ضِق جُر‪ٟ‬حػس كو‪ ١‬ن‪ ٍ٬‬ػِٔ‪٤‬س جُكٔ‪.َ٤‬‬
‫‪The seller contract with the insurance and pays the insurance‬‬
‫‪premium.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؼ٘‪ ٠‬ػوى جُر‪٤‬غ ‪٣‬ط‪ ًَ ٖٟٔ‬جٍُٗ‪ ٠ٝ‬جُط‪ ٠‬ضطؼِن ذحُطأٓ‪ ٝ ٖ٤‬جُط‪٣ ٠‬طكِٔ‪ٜ‬ح جُرحتغ‪.‬‬
‫‪ٛٓ Ex work‬طِف ؾى‪٣‬ى ‪٣ ٞٛ ٝ‬ؼ٘‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ جُهحٌؾ‪٤‬نس‪ًِٔ ٝ ,‬نس ‪ٛ Ex‬ن‪ ٠‬ػرنحٌز ػنٖ‬
‫‪ abbreviation‬جنط‪ٛ‬حٌ ٌُِٔس ‪.external‬‬

‫‪000‬‬
External works means that the seller responsibility according to
external works is to make the goods available at the premises (e.g
work or factory)
‫س‬٤‫ن‬ٌٞ‫ أ‬ٝ‫ن٘غ ج‬ُٛٔ‫س ج‬٤‫ن‬ٌٞ‫ أ‬٠‫ ػِن‬٠‫ؼ٘ن‬٣ ‫نح‬ٜ٤ِ‫ جُ٘وطنس جُٔطلنن ػ‬٠‫نحػس كن‬ٟ‫كٍ جُر‬ٞ‫ن‬٣ ٞٛ ‫جيج‬
.‫ جُرحتغ‬the seller ٠ِ‫ ػحتى ػ‬ٞٛ ٍ٤ُٟٔ‫ ج‬ٝ .َٔ‫جُؼ‬
In particular the seller is not responsible for loading the goods in
the vehicle. The vehicle should be provided by the buyer.
٠‫ جُن‬ٝ‫ن٘غ أ‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ٍ جُٗحق٘حش ج‬ٟ‫ك‬٣ .ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٞٛ ‫حٌ جُٗحق٘حش‬ٛ‫ٍ ػٖ جق‬ٞ‫جيج جُٔٓث‬
‫٘نحى‬ٛ ٕ‫ ٓنح ػنىج جيج ًنح‬unless other agreed ِ‫ْنح‬٧‫ ج‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ‫نًج‬ٛ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫و جُر‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٝ ٕ‫ٌٓح‬
.ٖ٣‫ؼس جُٔطؼحهى‬٣ٍٖ ‫ جُؼوى‬ٝ ‫ جُؼوى‬٠‫ ك‬ٚ٤‫٘ ػ‬ٞٛ٘ٓ ٝ ‫ف يُي‬٬‫جضلحم ذه‬
The buyer bears the full cost and the risk involved in bringing the
goods from the work or the factory to the desired destination.
ٖ‫حػس ٓن‬ٟ‫حٌ جُر‬ٟ‫ٔ٘س جق‬ٟ‫ جُٔط‬ٝ ‫ق ًحِٓس جٍُٔضرطس‬٤ُ‫ جُطٌح‬ٝ ٍ٠‫طكَٔ جُٔهح‬٣ ٍٟ‫جُٔٗط‬
ٖ‫ننحؿس ٓنن‬ٟ‫ٌوش جٗننح ذ‬ٞ‫ ٓػحُننس جيج جْننط‬.‫ننح‬ٜ٤ِ‫ننس جُٔطلننن ػ‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠‫ جُؼٔننَ ئُنن‬ٌٜ‫ أ‬ٝ‫نن٘غ ج‬ُٛٔ‫ج‬
.‫٘ح‬ٛ ٠ُ‫٘حى ج‬ٛ ‫٘غ‬ُٛٔ‫ح ٖٓ ج‬ِٜ‫ق ٗو‬٤ُ‫ جضكَٔ ضٌح‬ٍٟ‫ ؾىز كأٗح ًٔٗط‬٠ُ‫ أ‬٢ُٛ‫ج‬
Bringing the goods from the desired destination, This term
represents the minimum obligation for the seller.
َ‫ ًٌن‬٠‫ جُٔؼ٘ن‬ٝ َ‫ أهن‬ٝ‫ أ‬٠‫ أوٗن‬٠‫ ضؼ٘ن‬minimum ‫ ًِٔنس‬ٝ ّ‫ جُطنُج‬٠٘‫ ضؼ‬obligation ‫ًِٔس‬
.٠ٗ‫و‬٧‫ُطُجّ ج‬٩‫ ج‬ٟ‫أ‬
٠‫ كن‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗنط‬ٝ ‫س ًنَ ٓنٖ جُرنحتغ‬٤ُٞ‫ ٓٓث‬٠ٜٛ ‫ جُطحٍ جٕ ضؼٍف ٓح‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ ٓ٘ي ػ‬ٞ‫ئيج جٌؾ‬
FOB or C&F or CIF or EXTERNAL َ‫نح ٓػن‬ٛ‫ ضؼِٔ٘ح‬٠‫ًَ ٗظحّ ٖٓ جُ٘ظْ جُط‬
٬‫ ٓنػ‬multi choice ‫ثنس‬٤ٛ ٠‫ٓطكنحٕ ػِن‬٩‫ ج‬٠‫ ٓنٖ جٌُٔٔنٖ جٕ ضؿنى ْنإجٍ كن‬ٝ WORK
٠ُ‫ جٌَُٗ جُطح‬٠ِ‫ٖ ػ‬٤‫ ٗظحّ ٓؼ‬٠‫ ك‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٝ‫٘س ُِرحتغ ج‬٤‫س ٓؼ‬٤ُ‫ٓثَ ػٖ ٓٓإ‬٣
The seller responsibility is ……………….
a)……….….. b)………..... c)………..…. d)……………
ٕ‫نىى أ‬٣ٍ٣ ٕ‫ ٓنٖ جٌُٔٔنٖ أ‬ٝ‫س ج‬٤‫ن‬ٛ‫ك‬ُٛ‫ُس ج‬ٞ‫ ضهطنحٌ جُٔٓنث‬ٚ‫ ضؼِٔطن‬ًُٟ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ جٗص ذ٘حء ػ‬ٝ
ٖ‫نح ٓن‬ٛ‫ ضؼِٔ٘ح‬٠‫ف ٓنٖ جُن٘ظْ جُطن‬٤‫نك‬ُٛ‫طِد ٓ٘ني إٔ ضهطنحٌ جُ٘ظنحّ ج‬٣ ٝ ‫س‬٤ُٞ‫ي جُٔٓث‬٤‫ؼط‬٣
.َ‫هر‬
٠‫ٖ وٓنطْ كن‬٤‫ يُني جُكن‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬,‫ جُكِوس جُوحوٓس‬٠‫ ذٌْ ك‬٠‫ جُطِرس ِٗطو‬٠‫ أػُجت‬٠‫ًج جُوىٌ ٌٗطل‬ٜ‫ ذ‬ٝ
.ٚ‫ ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬ٝ ٚ‫ط‬٣‫ ٌػح‬ٝ ‫قلع هللا‬

002
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىراثعخ عشر‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس‪ ,‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحضس‪ ,‬أ‪ ٬ْٜ ٝ ٙ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس جٍُجذؼس‬
‫ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س ذحُـس ج‪ٗ٧‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ُ ,‬وى ضٌِٔ٘ح ك‪ ٠‬جُٔكح‪ٍٞ‬ز جُٓحذوس ػٖ‬
‫ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذـ ‪ٗ ٞٛ ٝ business letter‬ظحّ ‪ٗ ٝ FOB‬ظحّ ‪CIF‬‬
‫‪ٗ ٝ‬ظحّ ‪ٗ ٝ C&F‬ظحّ ‪ْٞ ٝ EX WORK‬ف ٌَٗٔ ذحه‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش‪ ٝ .‬ض‪ٞ‬هل٘ح ك‪٠‬‬
‫ٗ‪ٜ‬ح‪٣‬س جُكِوس جُٓحذوس ػ٘ى ‪ ٝ EX-WORK‬يًٍٗح إٔ ٓؼ٘ح‪ ٙ‬ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ جُهحٌؾ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪٠‬‬
‫ضؼ٘‪ ٠‬إٔ جُطِٓ‪ ْ٤‬أٌ‪٤ٞ‬س جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ أ‪ ٝ‬أٌ‪٤ٞ‬س جُؼَٔ ‪ ٝ‬إٔ ٓٓإ‪٤ُٝ‬س جُرحتغ ضطٔػَ ك‪ ٠‬ضؿ‪ُ٤ٜ‬‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ك‪ ٠‬أٌ‪٤ٞ‬س جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ ‪ ٝ‬ػ٘ى يُي ‪٘٣‬ط‪ ٠ٜ‬و‪ ٌٝ‬جُرحتغ ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬جق‪ٟ‬حٌ جُٗحق٘حش ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ضكٔ‪ َ٤‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ذحُٗحق٘حش ‪ ٫ٞٚٝ‬جُ‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪٘٤‬ح ‪ ٝ‬جُٗكٖ ‪ ٝ‬جُطٌحُ‪٤‬ق ‪٠ٖ ًَ ٝ‬ء ‪٣‬طكِٔ‪ٚ‬‬
‫جُرحتغ‪.‬جيج ٗ٘طوَ جُ‪ ٠‬أٌَٖ أنٍ‪ ٖٓ ٟ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش‪.‬‬
‫‪EX-SHIP:‬‬
‫‪٫‬قع ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد إٔ ‪ EX‬ضؼ٘‪. external ٠‬‬
‫?‪So, what is the meaning of external ship‬‬
‫ٓحيج ‪٣‬ؼ٘‪ٛٓ ٠‬طِف ‪ ex ship‬؟‬
‫‪“ex ship means that the seller‟s shall make the goods available to‬‬
‫‪the buyer on the board the ship at the destination named in the‬‬
‫‪contract.‬‬
‫جٗ‪٣ ٚ‬ؼٖ إٔ جُرحتغ ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪٣‬ؿ‪ٜ‬نُ جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس ‪٣ ٝ‬ؼٔنَ ػِن‪ ٠‬ضن‪ٞ‬ك‪ ٍ٤‬جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس جُن‪ ٠‬جُٔٗنطٍ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ذؿحٗد جُٓل‪٘٤‬س ػِ‪ ٠‬جٍُ‪٤ٚ‬ق ػ٘ى جُؿ‪ٜ‬س جُٔطلن ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ك‪ ٠‬ػوى جُر‪٤‬غ‪.‬‬
‫?‪Note: what is the rule of the seller‬‬
‫?‪What is the responsibility of the seller‬‬
‫ٓح ‪ٓٓ ٠ٛ‬ث‪٤ُٞ‬س جُرنحتغ ‪ٓ ٝ‬نح ‪ٛ‬ن‪ ٞ‬جُنى‪ ٌٝ‬جُٔطِن‪ٞ‬خ ٓنٖ جُرنحتغ ‪.‬ػ٘نىٓح ضٓنطهىّ ‪external‬‬
‫‪ ship‬أ‪ ٝ‬ػ٘ىٓح ضطؼحَٓ أ‪ ٝ‬ضطلنن كن‪ ٠‬ػونى ضؿنحٌ‪ ٟ‬أ‪ ٝ‬كن‪ٓ ٠‬ؿنحٍ ج‪٧‬ػٔنحٍ ذٔنح ‪ٓ٣‬نٔ‪ex ٠‬‬
‫‪ ship‬كننحٕ جُرننحتغ ‪٣‬ؿنند إٔ ‪٣‬طكٔننَ جُطٌننحُ‪٤‬ق ًحِٓننس ‪ ٝ‬جُٔهننح‪ً ٍ٠‬حِٓننس جُنن‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬ننس جُٔطلننن‬
‫ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ك‪ ٠‬جق‪ٟ‬حٌ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ ٠ٛ ٝ‬جُ‪ ٠‬ؾحٗد جُٓل‪٘٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ ٠‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جٍُ‪٤ٚ‬ق‪.‬‬
‫‪The seller has to dear the full coast and the risks involved in‬‬
‫‪bringing the goods on board ship.‬‬
‫جيج ٍٓضرس ‪ٛ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُ٘وطنس ‪ٛ‬ن‪ ٞ‬ضكٔنَ جُرنحتغ ًحٓنَ جُطٌنحُ‪٤‬ق ‪ً ٝ‬حٓنَ جُٔهنح‪ٓ ٝ ٍ٠‬نح ذؼنى يُني‬
‫‪٠‬رؼح ‪٣‬طكِٔ‪ ٚ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫‪EX QUAY:‬‬
‫‪ًٛ ٝ‬ج جُ٘‪ٞ‬ع ‪٣‬كط‪ ٟٞ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أًػٍ ٖٓ كنٍع أ‪ ٝ‬أًػنٍ ٓنٖ ٗن‪ٞ‬ع ‪ً ٝ‬نَ ٗن‪ٞ‬ع ُن‪ٖ ٚ‬نٍ‪٠ٝ‬س ٓنح ُنْ‬
‫‪ ٙ٘٣‬ػوى جُر‪٤‬غ ػِ‪ ٠‬ن‪٬‬ف يُي ‪ٓ ٝ‬ح ُْ ‪ٞ٣‬غن ُِر‪٤‬غ ذه‪٬‬ف يُي‪.‬‬
‫‪003‬‬
Ex quay means that the seller makes the good available to the
buyer on the quay (whaf) at the destination named in the sales
contract.
٠‫ؼ٘ن‬٣ ‫نغ‬٤‫ ػونى جُر‬٠‫نح كن‬ٜ٤ِ‫نس جُٔطلنن ػ‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠‫نحػس كن‬ٟ‫ٍ جُر‬٤‫ك‬ٞ‫ ضن‬٠ِ‫ؼَٔ جُرحتغ ػ‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣
‫ ذؿحٗد‬ٝ ‫٘حء‬٤ُٔ‫ق ج‬٤ٌٚ ٠ِ‫ٖ ػ‬٤‫٘حى كٍم ذ‬ٛ ‫قع‬٫ ٝ ‫٘حء‬٤ُٔ‫ق ج‬٤ٌٚ ٟ‫ق أ‬٤ٍُٚ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
ٝ ‫ ٓٓنحكس‬٠‫ كن‬distance ٠‫ كن‬,ٍ‫ أػٔح‬٠‫٘س ك‬٤‫ ذؿحٗد جُٓل‬ٝ ‫ق‬٤ٍُٚ‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ٕ ٓح ذ‬٫ .‫٘س‬٤‫جُٓل‬
‫ؼنىج‬٤‫ٕ ذ‬ٌٞ٣ ‫ق هى‬٤ٍُٚ‫٘حى كٍم كح‬ٛ ‫حػس ًُج‬ٟ‫ قَٔ جُر‬٠‫ ك‬,‫س‬٤‫حك‬ٞ‫ق ج‬٤ُ‫٘حى ضٌح‬ٛ ٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬
٠ُ‫ ذحُطنح‬ٝ ‫ ٓطنٍجش‬ٞ‫ِن‬٤ً ‫غنس‬٬‫ غ‬ٝ‫ٖ أ‬٤٘‫ جغ‬٠ُ‫ج‬ٞ‫ح ذك‬ٜ٤‫ى إٔ ٗكَٔ ك‬٣ٍٗ ٠‫٘س جُط‬٤‫ػٖ ؾحٗد جُٓل‬
external ٝ external quay ٖ٤‫نُ ذن‬٤ٔٗ ٕ‫ ذى أ‬٬‫ ًُج ك‬.‫س‬٤‫حك‬ٞ‫ق ج‬٤ُ‫ف ضطٍضد ضٌح‬ْٞ
‫نٔ٘س‬ٟ‫ٍ ًحِٓس ٓط‬٠‫ جُٔهح‬ٝ ‫ق ًحِٓس‬٤ُ‫طكَٔ جُطٌح‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ‫٘ح إٔ جُرحتغ‬ٛ ٍٞ‫ جيج ٗو‬. ship
.‫ق‬٤ٍُٚ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫حػس ج‬ٟ‫حٌ جُر‬ٟ‫جق‬
The seller has to bear all the risks and the full coast involved
bringing the goods there.
There are tow “ex quay” contracts in use.
:‫ٔح‬ٛ ٝ ex quay ّ‫ ٗظح‬٠‫و جُٔٓطهىٓس ك‬ٞ‫ػحٕ ٖٓ جُؼو‬ٞٗ ‫٘حى‬ٛ

First: ex quay (duty paid)

ٍ‫ؾ‬٧‫ػس ج‬ٞ‫ٓىك‬
Second: ex quay (duties on the buyer account)
‫س‬٤ُٞ‫جؾرحش ٖٓ ٓٓث‬ُٞ‫ٕ ج‬ٌٞ‫ ًًُي ض‬ٝ the seller should pay ‫ىكغ‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ‫جُرحتغ‬
‫س أٗص‬٤ُٞ‫ٕ جُٔٓث‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬,ٍٟ‫جُٔٗط‬
.‫ّ ٖٓ هرَ جُرحتغ‬٤ُ ٝ ٍٟ‫ ٖٓ هرَ جُٔٗط‬ٟ‫ؿد إٔ ضإو‬٣ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫ضكٌٍ جُر‬
In which the liability to clear the goods for import to be met by
the buyer instead of the seller.
Parties are recommended always to use the full description of
.these
are recommended ‫نف‬ٛ٘٣ ٝ‫ أ‬٠‫ن‬ٚٞ٣ ‫ ػنحوز‬ٝ‫ح جُنرؼ‬ٜٟ‫ٍجف جُٔطؼحِٓس ٓغ ذؼ‬٠٧‫ج‬
ٕ‫ أ‬٠ِ‫ج ػ‬ٍٞٚ‫ك‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ always to use the full description of this terms
‫ؾى‬ٞ٣ ٫‫ٖٔ ٖٓ ج‬ٟ‫ ٓحيج ضط‬ٝ ‫جع‬ٞٗ٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٖٓ ‫ع‬ٞٗ ٌَُ َٓ‫ق ًح‬ٚ ٝ ‫غ‬٤‫ ػوى جُر‬٠‫ٕ ك‬ٌٞ٣
‫م‬ٞ‫ كن‬٠‫نغ جُ٘ونح‬ٟ‫نع ض‬٤‫ ذك‬ٍٟ‫ جُطنٍف جُٔٗنط‬ٝ ‫ٖ جُطنٍف جُرنحتغ‬٤‫ْ ذ‬ٜ‫ء ك‬ْٞ َ‫ جُٔٓطور‬٠‫ك‬
‫هؼ٘نح جُؼونى‬ٝ ‫ جيج‬ٚ‫ٗن‬٧ ‫طكَٔ ًنًج‬٣ ٖٓ ٝ ‫طكَٔ ًًج‬٣ ٖٓ ‫كس‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٠ٍُٝٗ‫ٕ ج‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫ف‬ٍٝ‫جُك‬
‫ف‬ْٞ ‫٘ح‬ٛ .‫ ًًُي‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٚ‫حض‬٤ُ‫ٓص ٖٓ ٓٓإ‬٤ُ ‫ح‬ٜٗ‫ؼطٔى جُرحتغ ج‬٣ ٌٞٓ٧‫ ج‬ٝ‫ ًحٗص ذؼ‬ٝ
‫نح‬ٜٗ٫ ٍٟ‫نحُف جُٔٗنط‬ٚ ٖ‫ ٓن‬٫ ٝ ‫نحُف جُرنحتغ‬ٚ ٖٓ ‫ٓص‬٤ُ ‫حش‬٤ُ‫ٌٖح‬٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٝ ‫س‬٤ُ‫ؾى ئٌٖح‬ٞ‫ض‬

004
‫ْنن‪ٞ‬ف ضننإو‪ ٟ‬جُنن‪ ٠‬جُ٘ننُجع ‪ ٝ‬جُِؿنن‪ٞ‬ء جُنن‪ ٠‬جُٔكننحًْ أ‪ ٝ‬جُطكٌنن‪ ٝ ْ٤‬ذحُطننحُ‪ ٠‬ضننإنٍ ‪ٚ ٝ‬نن‪ٍٞ‬‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ٌ ٝ‬ذٔح ضلٓى جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ ٠‬آنٍ‪ٗ ,ٙ‬ىنَ ك‪ ٠‬و‪ٝ‬جٓس ٗكٖ ك‪ ٠‬ؿ٘‪ ٠‬ػ٘‪ٜ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫‪Parties are recommended always to use the full description of‬‬
‫‪these terms.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ض‪ٚٞ‬ق جٍُٗ‪ ٠ٝ‬جُط‪ْٞ ٠‬ف ٗطلن ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ٚٝ‬لح ًحٓ‪.٬‬‬
‫‪Ex quay (duty paid) or ex quay (duties on buyer‟s account or else,‬‬
‫‪there may be uncertainty as to who is to be responsible for the‬‬
‫‪liability to clear the goods for import.‬‬
‫ٖٓ ‪ ٞٛ‬جُٔٓث‪ ٍٞ‬جًُ‪ْ ٟ‬طكَٔ جُٔٓث‪٤ُٞ‬س ٖٓ جُٔٓث‪ ٍٞ‬ػٖ ضؿ‪ ُ٤ٜ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ٗ ٝ‬وِ‪ٜ‬نح نن‪ٍ٬‬‬
‫جُؼِٔ‪٤‬حش ج‪ْ٧‬طٍجو‪٣‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪ٛ‬ى‪٣ٍ٣‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪Delivered at frontier:‬‬
‫ٓ‪ٛ‬طِف ؾى‪٣‬ى أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ٓٓطهىّ ‪٣ ٞٛ ٝ delivered at frontier‬ؼ٘‪ ٠‬جُطِٓ‪ ْ٤‬ػ٘ى جُكى‪ٝ‬و‪.‬‬
‫‪ًِٔ ٝ‬س ‪ frontier‬ضؼ٘‪ boundries ٠‬قى‪ٝ‬و‪ ٌُٖ .‬أ‪ ٟ‬قى‪ٝ‬و ٗكٖ ٗطٌِْ ػ٘‪ٜ‬ح‪ٗ .‬كنٖ ٗؼِنْ‬
‫إٔ قننى‪ٝ‬و أ‪ ٟ‬ذِننى‪ ٖ٣‬ضط‪ٟ‬ننٖٔ ‪ٝ‬ؾنن‪ٞ‬و قننى‪ٝ‬و ُِرِننى‪ ٖ٣‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ننح‪ ٝ .‬جُٔٓننحكس ذ‪ٜٔ٘٤‬ننح ػننحوز ضٌنن‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫ه‪ٛ‬نن‪ٍ٤‬ز‪٣ .‬ؼ٘نن‪ٓ ٠‬ػ‪٬‬جُكننى‪ٝ‬و ذ‪٘٤‬حٌُِٔٔسجُؼٍذ‪٤‬ننس جُٓننؼ‪ٞ‬و‪٣‬س ‪ ٝ‬جٌُ‪٣ٞ‬ننص ضط‪ٟ‬ننٖٔ ٗوطننس قننى‪ٝ‬و‬
‫ضحذؼس ٌُِِٔٔس جُؼٍذ‪٤‬س جُٓؼ‪ٞ‬و‪٣‬س ‪ ٝ‬ضه‪ٟ‬غ ُِو‪ٞ‬جٗ‪ ٝ ٖ٤‬جُطؼِ‪ٔ٤‬حش جُٓنؼ‪ٞ‬و‪٣‬س ‪ ٝ‬ذن٘لّ جُ‪ٞ‬هنص‬
‫ػ٘ىٓح ضهٍؼ ذر‪ٟ‬حػطي ٖٓ قى‪ٝ‬و جٌُِٔٔس ‪ ٝ‬ضنىنَ جُن‪ ٠‬جٌُ‪٣ٞ‬نص‪ ,‬ضنىنَ جُن‪ٗ ٠‬وطنس قنى‪ٝ‬و‬
‫ٓ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز ذحٌُ‪٣ٞ‬ص ضحذؼس ُِكٌ‪ٓٞ‬س جٌُ‪٣ٞ‬ط‪٤‬نس ‪ ٝ‬ضه‪ٟ‬نغ ُِون‪ٞ‬جٗ‪ ٖ٤‬جٌُ‪٣ٞ‬ط‪٤‬نس‪ .‬جيج ػ٘نىٗح ٗوططن‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫قى‪ٝ‬و ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪ٞٞ٣‬نف كن‪ ٠‬جُؼونى جيج جْنطهىٓ٘ح ‪ٛ‬نًج جُٔ‪ٛ‬نطِف أ‪ ٟ‬قنى‪ٝ‬و أٗنص ضؼ٘ن‪ٛ .٠‬نَ‬
‫ضو‪ٛ‬ى قى‪ٝ‬و جُرِى جُٔ‪ٛ‬ىٌ أ‪ ٝ‬قى‪ٝ‬و جُرِى جُٔ‪ٌٞ‬و‪ .‬جيج ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌن‪ٝ ٕٞ‬ج‪ٞ‬نكس ك‪ٔ٤‬نح ‪٣‬طؼِنن‬
‫ذـ ‪ ٠ٛ ٝ delivered at frontier‬ضؼ٘‪ ٠‬إٔ ٓٓث‪٤ُٞ‬حش أ‪ ٝ‬جُطُجٓحش جُرحتغ ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضِرن‪٠‬‬
‫ػ٘ىٓح ض‪ َٛ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس جُ‪ ٠‬جُكى‪ٝ‬و ٌُٖ هرَ ٗوطس جُؿٔحٌى‪.‬‬
‫‪Delivered at frontier means that the seller‟s obligations are‬‬
‫‪fulfilled when the goods have arrived at the frontier‟s but before‬‬
‫‪the customs border.‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬جُؿٔحٌى ضهطِق ٖٓ ذِى جُ‪ ٠‬آنٍ‪ .‬كوى ضأنً و‪ُٝ‬س ؾٔحٌى ػِ‪ ٠‬ذ‪ٟ‬حػس ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ذ‪ٔ٘٤‬ح و‪ُٝ‬س‬
‫أنٍ‪ ٫ ٟ‬ضأنً ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ؾٔحٌى‪ًٛ ٝ .‬ج ‪ٍ٣‬ؾغ جُ‪٤ْ ٠‬حْس جُى‪ُٝ‬س‪ .‬جيج ٓٓث‪٤ُٞ‬س جُرنحتغ ض‪ٚٞ‬ن‪َ٤‬‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس جُ‪ ٠‬جُكى‪ٝ‬و ٌُٖ هرَ ٗوطس جُؿٔحٌى ْ‪ٞ‬جء ًحٕ جُرى جُٔ‪ٛ‬ىٌ أ‪ ٝ‬جُرِنى جُٔٓنط‪ٌٞ‬و‪.‬‬
‫ٌُٖ ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ٗكىو أ‪ٗ ٟ‬وطس ؾٔحٌى ٗو‪ٛ‬ى‪ٗ .‬وطس ؾٔحٌى جُرِى جُٔ‪ ٍٛ‬جّ جُرِى جُٔٓط‪ٌٞ‬و‪.‬‬
‫ٌُننٖ جُ‪٤‬نن‪ٓ ّٞ‬ننغ جٗ‪ٟ‬ننٔحّ ٓؼظننْ جُننى‪ ٍٝ‬جُنن‪٘ٓ ٠‬ظٔننس جُطؿننحٌز جُؼحُٔ‪٤‬ننس ‪ ٝ‬جَجُننس جُكنن‪ٞ‬جؾُ‬
‫جُؿًٍٔ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬جَجُس جُطؼٍ‪٣‬لحش جُؿًٍٔ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ض‪ٛ‬رف جُٔؼحِٓس ذ‪ ًٙٛ ٖ٤‬جُٔ٘ظٔس جُ‪ٓ ٠‬نح ‪ٓ٣‬نٔ‪٠‬‬
‫ذٔ٘ظٔس جُطؿحٌز جُؼحُٔ‪٤‬س‪ ,‬ذؼى ػٍٗ ْ٘‪ٞ‬جش ٓؿرٍز ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُى‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضطرن ٓؼح‪ٝ ٍ٣‬جقنىز‪ٝ ,‬‬
‫ٖٓ ٍٖ‪ٜ٠ٝ‬ح جَجُس جُؿٔحٌى ٖٓ أؾَ إٔ ض‪ ٍٓ٤‬ػِٔ‪٤‬س جُطرحوٍ جُطؿنحٌ‪ ٝ ,ٟ‬ضرنحوٍ جُٓنِغ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُهىٓحش ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُى‪ ٍٝ‬جُٔ٘ظٔس جُ‪ٓ ٠‬ح ‪ ٠ٔٓ٣‬ذٔ٘ظٔس جُطؿحٌزجُؼحُٔ‪٤‬نس ‪ٛٝ‬نًج ٓنٖ ك‪ٞ‬جتنى‪ٛ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫‪005‬‬
‫‪ٓ ٝ‬ننغ يُنني ك‪ٜ‬نن‪ُٜ ٠‬ننح ج‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬ننحش ‪ْ ٝ‬ننِر‪٤‬حش جُنن‪ ٠‬قننى ٓننح ك‪٤‬ؿنند إٔ ٗؼظننْ ضِنني ج‪٣٫‬ؿحذ‪٤‬ننحش ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٗٓطل‪٤‬ى ٓ٘‪ٜ‬ح ‪ٗ ٝ‬طكحٖ‪ ٠‬جُِٓر‪٤‬حش ذوىٌ ج‪ٌٓ٧‬حٕ ‪ ٝ‬ضطٌ‪٤‬ق أٗظٔط٘ح جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ُطٓطل‪٤‬ى ٖٓ ‪ًٙٛ‬‬
‫جُٔٔ‪ُ٤‬جش ‪ ٝ‬كطف ج‪ْٞ٧‬جم جُؿى‪٣‬ىز جُ‪ ٠‬آنٍ‪.ٙ‬‬
‫‪But before “the custom border” of the country named in the sales‬‬
‫‪ contract.‬جُرِى جُٔ٘‪ ٘ٞٛ‬ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ك‪ ٠‬ػوى جُر‪٤‬غ‪The term is primarily .‬‬
‫‪intended to be used when goods are to carried by rail or road‬‬
‫‪respectively of the mode of transport.‬‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ‬ج‪٫‬ضلحه‪٤‬حش جذطىجء ًحٕ ٓو‪ٞٛ‬و ذ‪ٜ‬ح إٔ ضٓطهىّ ػ٘ىٓح ضٍ‪٣‬ى إٔ ض٘وَ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ٖٓ ن‪ٍ٬‬‬
‫جٌُٓي جُكى‪٣‬ى‪٣‬س أ‪ ٖٓٝ‬ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُطٍم جُرٍ‪٣‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪FAS:‬‬
‫‪Fas means free alongside the ship.‬‬
‫ضؼ٘ن‪ ٠‬ذؿحٗنند جُٓنل‪٘٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ضكننص ‪ٛ‬نًج جُٔ‪ٛ‬ننطِف أ‪ ٝ‬جُٗنٍ‪ ٠‬جُطُجٓننحش جُرنحتغ ‪٣‬ؿنند إٔ ض٘ؿننُ‬
‫ػ٘ىٓح ض‪ٞٞ‬غ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ذؿحٗد جُٓل‪٘٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪Under this term the seller‟s obligations are fulfilled when the‬‬
‫‪goods have been placed alongside the ship on the quay or in‬‬
‫‪lighters.‬‬
‫‪ٛ ٝ‬ننًج ‪٣‬ؼ٘نن‪ ٠‬جٕ جُٔٗننطٍ‪٣ ٟ‬ؿنند إٔ ‪٣‬طكٔننَ ؾٔ‪٤‬ننغ جُطٌننحُ‪٤‬ق ‪ ٝ‬ؾٔ‪٤‬ننغ ٓهننح‪ ٍ٠‬كوننىجٕ ج‪ٝ‬‬
‫نٓحٌز جُر‪ٟ‬حػسٖٓ ضِي جُِكظسأ‪ُ ٟ‬كظس ‪ ٍٞٚٝ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس جُ‪ ٠‬ؾحٗد جُٓل‪٘٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪This means that the buyer has to bear all coasts and risks of loss of‬‬
‫‪damage to the goods from that moment.‬‬
‫ٖٓ ضِي جُِكظس ؾٔ‪٤‬غ جُٔهح‪ ٝ ٍ٠‬ؾٔ‪٤‬غ جُطٌحُ‪٤‬ق ض٘طوَ ٖٓ جُرحتغ جُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٗطٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫‪It should be noted that unlike FOB the present term requires the‬‬
‫‪buyer to clear the goods for export.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿنند جٕ ض‪٬‬قننع جٗنن‪ ٚ‬ذؼٌننّ جُننـ ‪ FOB‬جٕ ‪ٝ‬ؾنن‪ٞ‬و ‪ٛ‬ننًج جُٗننٍ‪ ٠‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬ننطِف ‪٣‬ططِنند إٔ‬
‫جُٔٗطٍ‪٣ ٟ‬ؿ‪ٜ‬نُ جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس ُِط‪ٛ‬نى‪٣ ٍ٣‬ؼ٘ن‪ ٠‬ػِٔ‪٤‬نس ٗونَ جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس ٓنٖ ؾحٗند جُٓنل‪٘٤‬س ػِن‪٠‬‬
‫ظ‪ ٍٜ‬جُٓل‪٘٤‬س ضٌ‪ٓٓ ٖٓ ٕٞ‬إُ‪٤‬س جُٔٗطٍ‪ .ٟ‬ذ‪٘ٔ٤‬ح ك‪ٗ ٠‬ظحّ جُـ ‪ٓٓ FOB‬إُ‪٤‬س ٗوَ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس‬
‫ٖٓ ؾحٗد جُٓل‪٘٤‬س جُ‪ ٠‬ظ‪ ٍٜ‬جُٓل‪٘٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬وجنَ جُٓل‪٘٤‬س ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُرحتغ ‪ًٛ ٝ‬ج ‪ ٝ‬جُلنٍم ذن‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫ٗظحّ جُنـ ‪ٗ ٝ FOB‬ظنحّ ‪ . FAS‬أٌؾن‪ ٞ‬أػُجتن‪ ٠‬جُطِرنس ‪ ٝ‬جُطحُرنحش إٔ ض٘طر‪ٜ‬ن‪ٞ‬ج جُن‪ً ٠‬نَ‬
‫ٓ‪ٛ‬طِف ضؼٍف ػِ‪ ٚ٤‬ذىهس ًٔح ‪ ٝ ٠ٛ‬جيج ‪ٚ‬ؼد ػِ‪ ٌْ٤‬ك‪ٜٜٔ‬ح ذحُِـنس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس أٌؾن‪ ٞ‬إٔ‬
‫ضؼ‪٤‬نى ْننٔحع جُٗننٍ‪ ١٣‬أًػننٍ ٓننٖ ٓننٍز ‪ْ ٝ‬نن‪ٞ‬ف أ‪ٞ‬ننغ ٌُننْ ‪٣ textbook‬كٔننَ ٗلننّ ج‪ْ٧‬ننْ‬
‫ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬نس ذحُِـنس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس ‪ ٝ‬جُؼٍذ‪٤‬نس ُِنىًط‪ ٌٞ‬ؿحُند جُرٓنط٘ؿ‪ ,٠‬جهٍأ‪ٛ‬نح ذحُِـنس‬
‫جُؼٍذ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٗ٧‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س ٌُٖ ك‪ ٠‬ج‪ٓ٫‬طكحٕ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُٔحوز ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س ٓطِن‪ٞ‬خ‬
‫ٓ٘ني إٔ ضؿ‪٤‬ند ذحُِـنس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس ْن‪ٞ‬جء ًنحٕ جُٓنإجٍ ‪multiple choice or essay‬‬
‫‪ question or true and false‬ك‪٤‬ؿند إٔ ضؿن‪ٞ‬خ ذحُـنس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس‪ ,‬كنحيج ًحٗنص ُـطني‬
‫‪006‬‬
‫ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد ُ‪ٓ٤‬ص ه‪٣ٞ‬س قح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضكٖٓ ُـطي‪ ,‬جقلع ‪ ًٙٛ‬جٌُِٔحش ك‪ ٠‬ؾٔنَ ضط‪ٟ‬نٖٔ‬
‫‪ٛ‬ننً‪ ٙ‬جُٔؼننحٗ‪ ٠‬ك‪ٜ‬ننًج ْنن‪ٞ‬ف ‪ٓ٣‬ننحػىى ‪ ٝ‬قطنن‪ ٠‬ضل‪ٜ‬ننْ ٓننحيج ‪٣‬طِرننس جُٓنن‪ٞ‬جٍ ٓ٘نني ‪ ٝ‬ضٓننطط‪٤‬غ إٔ‬
‫ض‪ٞٞ‬ف ٓػ‪ٓ ٬‬ح ‪ٓٓ ٠ٛ‬إُ‪٤‬س جُرحتغ أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٝ ٟ‬ضلٍم ذ‪ٛٓ ٖ٤‬طِف ‪ ٝ‬آننٍ ٓػنَ ‪FOB‬‬
‫‪ ٝ or FAS or DELIVERED AT FRONTIER‬ؿ‪ٍٛ٤‬ح ٖٓ جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ج‪ْٞ ٕ٥‬ف ٗرىأ ك‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪ ٠‬ضٓطهىّ ‪ ٝ‬ذٗنٌَ ًر‪٤‬نٍ كن‪ ٠‬جٍُٔجْن‪٬‬ش‬
‫جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬ننس ‪ ٝ‬كنن‪ ٠‬ج‪٫‬ػٔننحٍ جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬ننس ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطننحُ‪٣ ٠‬ؿنند إٔ ضٌنن‪ِٓ ٕٞ‬ننْ ذ‪ٜ‬ننح ‪ٓ ٝ‬ننحيج ‪٣‬ؼ٘نن‪ً ٠‬ننَ‬
‫ٓ‪ٛ‬طِف ٖٓ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش‪.‬‬
‫‪Bonded:‬‬
‫‪A workhouse where goods liable to customs duty paid are‬‬
‫‪deposited until duty paid.‬‬
‫‪ٛ‬نن‪ ٠‬ػرننحٌز ػننٖ ذ‪ٟ‬ننحتغ ض‪ٞٞ‬ننغ ذٔهننحَٕ ػ٘ننى جُؿٔننحٌى ذحٗطظننحٌ جُطهِنن‪ ٙ٤‬ػِنن‪ ٠‬ضِنني‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حتغ ‪ ٝ‬جٌُٔحٕ جًُ‪ ٟ‬ض‪ٞ‬ؾى ك‪٤‬س جُر‪ٟ‬حػس‪ ,‬ذحٗطظحٌ جُطهِ‪ ٙ٤‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ٖٓ جُؿ‪ٜ‬حش‬
‫جُؿًٍٔ‪٤‬ننس ‪ ٝ‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬ننحش يجش جُؼ‪٬‬هننس ْنن‪ٞ‬جء كنن‪ ٠‬جُرِننى جُٔ‪ٛ‬ننىٌ أ‪ ٝ‬كنن‪ ٠‬جُرِننى جُٔٓننط‪ٌٞ‬و ‪٫ ٝ‬‬
‫ضهٍؼ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ٖٓ جُٔ‪٘٤‬نح ج‪ ٫‬جيج ضنْ جُطهِن‪ ٙ٤‬ػِ‪ٜ٤‬نح‪ .‬ج‪ٛ ٕ٥‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس كن‪ٍٓ ٠‬قِنس ٓنح‬
‫ضهنُٕ كنن‪ٓ ٠‬هننحَٕ ػ٘ننى ؾ‪ٜ‬ننحش ٓؼ‪٘٤‬ننس كرنَ جٗ‪ٜ‬ننحء ج‪٫‬ؾننٍجءجش جُؿًٍٔ‪٤‬ننس ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ننح ‪ٓٗ ٝ‬ننٔ‪ٜ٤‬ح‬
‫‪ Bonded‬أٌؾ‪ٞ‬إٔ ‪ٝ ٌٕٞ٣‬ج‪ٞ‬ف‪.‬‬
‫‪Demurage:‬‬
‫‪It‟s a penalty imposed by the shipping company for not taking‬‬
‫‪delivery of the goods within the time limit.‬‬
‫‪ ٠ٛ ٝ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ضٌِلس جُؿنُجء أ‪ ٝ‬ضٌِلنس جُؼو‪ٞ‬ذنس جُطن‪ ٠‬ضلنٍ‪ٓ ٜ‬نٖ جُٗنًٍس جُ٘حهِنس ػ٘نىٓح‬
‫ضطأنٍ جًٍُٗس (ػِٔح ذإٔ جُؼوى ‪ٌٓ ٌٕٞ٣‬ط‪ٞ‬ذح ك‪ ٚ٤‬ضحٌ‪٣‬م ‪ ٍٞٚٝ‬جُر‪ٟ‬نحػس) ٌُنٖ أ‪ ٟ‬ضنأن‪ٍ٤‬‬
‫ضطكِٔ‪ ٚ‬جًٍُٗس جُٗنحق٘س ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٠‬ضنىكغ ػو‪ٞ‬ذنس أ‪ ٝ‬ؿٍجٓنحش ضنأن‪ٛ .ٍ٤‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُـٍجٓنحش ػنحوز‬
‫ضٌنن‪ ٕٞ‬ض‪ٛ‬ننحػى‪٣‬س‪ٗ٫ .‬نن‪ٗ ٚ‬لطننٍ‪ ٜ‬إٔ ػ٘ننىٗح ٓ‪ٛ‬نن٘غ ذٔى‪٘٣‬ننس جٍُ‪٣‬ننح‪ٛ ٝ ٜ‬ننًج جُٔ‪ٛ‬نن٘غ ننن‪١‬‬
‫ضؿٔ‪٤‬ؼ‪٣ ٠‬ؼَٔ ‪ْ 97‬نحػس ‪ٛ ٝ‬نًج جُٔ‪ٛ‬ن٘غ ‪٣‬كطنحؼ جُن‪ spare parts ٠‬أ‪ ٝ‬أ‪ٓ ٟ‬ن‪ٞ‬جو جوننحٍ‬
‫ًٔىن‪٬‬ش ك‪ ٠‬جُؼِٔ‪٤‬س ج‪ٗ٫‬طحؾ‪٤‬س‪ ٝ .‬إٔ ٓطللن ٓؼنحى ًٔن‪ٌٞ‬و ‪ ٝ‬أٗنص ضنأنٍش ػِن‪ ٠‬كن‪ٛ ٠‬نً‪ٙ‬‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ٓؼ٘‪ًٛ ٠‬ج جٌُ‪ ّ٬‬إٔ جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ ذطحػ‪٤ْ ٠‬ط‪ٞ‬هق ٌٖٓٔ ‪ ّٞ٣‬أ‪ ٝ‬جغ٘‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ ٝ‬أًػنٍ‪ .‬ػِٔنح‬
‫ذإٔ ْحػس جُط‪ٞ‬هق ك‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬حٗغ جٌُر‪ٍ٤‬ز ذٔ‪ ٖ٤٣٬‬جُى‪ٌ٫ٝ‬جش‪ ٝ .‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬كن‪ٓ ٠‬ؿنحٍ جُر‪ٟ‬نحتغ‬
‫‪ ٝ‬جُٔٓننط‪ٌٞ‬وجش قٓنند أ‪٤ٔٛ‬ط‪ٜ‬ننح ض‪ٞ‬ؾننى ػو‪ٞ‬ذننس أ‪ ٝ‬ؾننُجء ػِنن‪ ٠‬جُطننأن‪ٓٗ ٝ ٍ٤‬ننٔ‪ٜ٤‬ح ػو‪ٞ‬ذننس‬
‫جُطأن‪ ٝ ٍ٤‬ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬جُ‪٣ٍٟ‬رس ض‪ٛ‬حػى‪٣‬س ٖٓ أؾَ إٔ ضؿرٍ جًٍُٗس جُٗنحق٘س ػِن‪ ٠‬ج‪ُ٧‬طنُجّ كن‪٠‬‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞ‬جػ‪٤‬ى جُٔكىوز‪ ٝ .‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٠‬ػ٘نىٓح أنطن‪ ١‬جوجٌ‪٣‬نح ُٔ‪ٛ‬ن٘ؼ‪ ٫ ٠‬أٌ‪٣‬نى إٔ أضنأنٍ ‪ ٝ‬أ‪ٞ‬نٍجٌ‬
‫ض٘طؽ ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضكِٔ‪ٜ‬ح ُ‪ ٠‬جًٍُٗس جُ‪ٛ‬حٗؼس أ‪ ٝ‬جًٍُٗس جُ٘حهِس‪ ,‬ذح‪ٞ٧‬نحكس جُن‪ ٠‬جُطنأن‪ٓ ٝ .ٍ٤‬نٖ‬
‫‪٘ٛ‬ح ٗأض‪ ٠‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س جُطأٓ‪ ٖ٤‬ذأٗ‪ٞ‬جػس جُٔهطِلس‪ ٝ ,‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س جُطلنحم ‪ ٝ‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬نس جُؼونى‪ ٝ ,‬جُؼونى ٖنٍ‪٣‬ؼس‬
‫جُٔطؼحهى‪.ٖ٣‬‬

‫‪007‬‬
E.O.E
(errors and omission excepted). It means that if there is any error
or omission, they may be rectified later on.
)‫٘طؽ‬٣ ٍ٤‫ ضأن‬ٝ‫٘طؽ أ‬٣ ‫ نطأ‬ٟ‫ (أ‬: ٟ‫أ‬
it should consist of ٚٗ‫ هِص ج‬ٝ spare parts ‫ىٌ ذؼطي‬ًٛٔ ‫َ جُٔػحٍ أٗح‬٤‫ ْر‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
‫نح‬ٜ٤ِ‫ ٓطلن ػ‬items ‫٘حى‬ٛ ٕ‫ح جآ‬ٜ‫ؼط‬ٞٝ ٠‫ جُط‬accessories ‫يًٍش ُي جُـ‬ٝ 1,2,3,….
‫نس‬٤‫ جُطِر‬٠‫ ك‬ٙ‫ ٗو‬ٟ‫ أ‬,‫لحش‬ٚ‫ج‬ُِٞٔ ‫ٌضحش ٓهحُلس‬ٞ‫ ْر‬ٟ‫ أ‬٠‫ نطأ ك‬ٟ‫ أ‬.‫ح‬ٜ٤ِ‫٘ ػ‬ٞٛ٘ٓ ٝ
‫ أْنٍع‬٠‫ كن‬ٙ‫جه‬ٞ‫ٍْنَ جُ٘ن‬٣ ٕ‫ذنى أ‬٫ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطنح‬ٝ ,‫س جُرنحتغ‬٤ُٞ‫ ٓٓنث‬ٞٛ E.O.E ّ‫قٓد ٗظح‬
‫نًج‬ٛ ‫ؿنس‬٤٘‫ف ض٘ٗنأ ٗط‬ٞ‫نٍجٌ ْن‬ٞ‫ أ‬ٟ‫ أ‬ٝ ٙ‫ نطنأ‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٕ٧ ٚ‫ قٓحذ‬٠ِ‫ٕ ػ‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬ٌٞ٘ٔٓ ‫هص‬ٝ
ٕ‫ؿند أ‬٣ May be certified later on ٙ٘‫رونح ُِن‬٠ ٝ ‫نح‬ٜ‫ٕ ُِّٓ ذ‬ٌٞ٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٍ٤‫جُطأن‬
.٬ٓ‫ًج جُكن ًح‬ٛ ‫طكَٔ ضرؼحش‬٣
LOCO:
The buyer is take charge of the goods whenever they happen and
is responsible for expenses incurred by moving them.
ٝ ‫ننحػس‬ٟ‫ جُر‬ًٙ‫نن‬ٛ َ‫ؿننس ٗونن‬٤‫س ٗط‬٤‫ننحك‬ٞ‫ق ج‬٤ُ‫ ضٌننح‬ٟ‫ ػ٘ننىٓح ضكننىظ أ‬ٍٟ‫س جُٔٗننط‬٤ُٞ‫ٕ ٓٓننث‬ٞ‫ضٌنن‬
.‫س‬٤‫حك‬ٞ‫ق ج‬٣ٌ‫ح‬ٛٓ ٕٝ‫ٕ ذى‬ٌٞ٣ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫ْؼٍ جُر‬
The price of the goods only without transit charges. The price
which mentioned in the contract is only without expenses goods.
ٝ ‫ جُكِنن جُوحوٓنس‬٠‫ أٓنَ جُِونحء ذٌنْ كن‬٠‫نس جُكونس ػِن‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ جُن‬٠‫ جُطِرس ٗنأض‬٠‫ًٌج أػُجت‬ٛ ٝ
.ٚ‫ط‬٣‫ ٌػح‬ٝ ‫ قلع هللا‬٠‫ٖ وٓطْ ك‬٤‫ يُي جُك‬٠ُ‫ ج‬,‫ ذًٍحضس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬

008
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبٍضخ عشر‬

‫ جُكِوس جُهحٓٓس‬٢‫ ذٌْ ك‬٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‫ أ‬ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ جُطِرس ج‬٢‫أػُجت‬
‫ٍز جُٓحذوس ػ٘ى‬ٞ‫ جُٔكح‬٢‫هل٘ح ك‬ٞ‫ض‬.‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬ْ‫ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓج‬
ٌٝ‫ و‬ٞٛ ‫؟ ٓح‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ ‫طِف ٓحيج‬ٛٓ ًَ ٠ِ‫ج ػ‬ًٍُٝ‫ إٔ ض‬ٞ‫ ٍٗؾ‬٢‫جُط‬ٝ ‫طِكحش‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫ذؼ‬
‫ ؟‬ٍٟ‫ٌ جُٔٗط‬ٝ‫ و‬ٞٛ ‫ ٓح‬ٝ ‫طِف‬ُٛٔ‫جُرحتغ قٓد يُي ج‬
ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ٓٔحٌْس ج‬ٝ ٍ‫ػٔح‬٧‫ ٌْحتَ ج‬٢‫ ك‬ٝ‫س أ‬٣ٌ‫ جٍُْحتَ جُطؿح‬٢‫طِكس ك‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ‫س‬٤ٔٛ‫أ‬ٝ
:ٌَٔٗ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٕ٥‫ ج‬ٝ .‫س‬٣ٌ‫وج‬٩‫ج‬
Franco:
The seller undertakes to deliver the goods and play all costs
including customs duties to the buyer's place of business. The
price includes all charges cost; insurance, freight, customs duties,
carriage loading, and every possible charge.
ٕ‫ ٌٓح‬٠ُ‫ح جُؿٔحٌى ئ‬ٜ٤‫ق ذٔح ك‬٤ُ‫غ جُطٌح‬٤ٔ‫وكغ ؾ‬ٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫ْ جُر‬٤ِٓ‫ّ ذط‬ٞ‫و‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ‫جُرحتغ‬
‫غ‬٤ٔ‫ٖٔ ؾ‬ٟ‫ط‬٣ ٍ‫) جُٓؼ‬٢ٖ ‫طكَٔ ًحكس‬٣ ‫ إٔ جُرحتغ‬ٟ‫ (ج‬.ٍٟ‫س ذحُٔٗط‬ٚ‫ػٔحٍ جُهح‬٧‫و ج‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٝ
َ‫ٖ جٍُٔجق‬٤‫َ ٓح ذ‬٤ٔ‫ٗظحّ جُطك‬ٝ ‫ٗظحّ جُؿٔحٌى‬ٝ ٖ٤ٓ‫جُطح‬ٝ ٌٞ‫ؾ‬٧‫ج‬ٝ ٖ‫ق جُٗك‬٤ُ‫ضٌح‬
‫٘س‬٤‫م جُٓل‬ٞ‫ك‬ٝ ‫٘س‬٤‫ذؿحٗد ذكٍ جُٓل‬ٝ ‫٘حء‬٤ُٔ‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ٓحذ‬ٝ ‫ق‬٤ٍُٚ‫ج‬ٝ ‫٘غ‬ُٛٔ‫ٖ ج‬٤‫جُٔهطِلس ٓح ذ‬
ٝ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫ ذِى جُٔٗط‬٢‫ ك‬ٍٟ‫حػس ضِْٓ ٓكَ جُٔٗط‬ٟ‫ئيٕ جُر‬.ٍٟ‫ق أن‬٤ُ‫ ضٌح‬ٟ‫ج‬ٝ ٍٙ‫ أن‬٠ُ‫ئ‬
.ٕٝ‫ؼس جُٔطؼحهى‬٣ٍٖ ‫جُؼوى‬ٝ .‫غ‬٤‫ ػوى جُر‬٢‫ح ك‬ٜ٤ِ‫٘ ػ‬ُٞٛ٘ٔ‫ج‬
Carriage paid:
The cost of carrying the goods is included in the price quoted:
carriage to the purchaser's place of business is paid by the
supplier.
٠ُ‫ جُ٘وَ ئ‬.ٚ٤ِ‫ جُٔطلن ػ‬ٝ‫٘ أ‬ُٞٛ٘ٔ‫ جُٓؼٍ ج‬٬‫ٔ٘س كؼ‬ٟ‫حػس ٓط‬ٟ‫ٗوَ جُر‬ٝ َٔ‫ق ق‬٤ُ‫ضٌح‬
.‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ن ج‬٣ٍ٠ ٖ‫ىكغ ػ‬٣ ٍٟ‫ٌٓحٕ جُٔٗط‬
Carriage forward:
The quoted price doesn't include the cost of carriage that is the
purchasers must pay the cost of carrying goods.
ٕ‫ أ‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛٝ َ‫ق جُ٘و‬٤ُ‫ٖٔ ضٌح‬ٟ‫ط‬٣ ٫ ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٝ ‫ٖ جُرحتغ‬٤‫ ٓح ذ‬ٚ٤ِ‫طلن ػ‬٣ ١ًُ‫جُٓؼٍج‬
.‫حتغ‬ٟ‫ق ُ٘وَ جُر‬٤ُ‫ جُطٌح‬ٚ‫ىكؼ‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٍٟ‫جُٔٗط‬
Trade discount: to encourage customers to buy in large
quantities.
.‫ٍز‬٤‫حش ًر‬٤ٌٔ‫ج ذ‬ٍٝ‫ٗط‬٣ ٢ٌُ ٖ‫غ جُُذحت‬٤‫ ُطٗؿ‬١ٌ‫ْ جُطؿح‬ٛ‫جُه‬

009
‫ػُ‪ ١ُ٣‬جُطحُد ػ٘ى وٌجْطي ُٔ‪ٞ‬جو جُٔكحْرس ‪ ٝ‬جُٔكحْرس جُٔحُ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٩‬وجٌز جُٔحُ‪٤‬س ضؼٍف‬
‫إٔ ‪٘ٛ‬حُي ن‪ ْٛ‬ضؿحٌ‪٘ٛ ٝ ٟ‬حُي أٗ‪ٞ‬جع ًػ‪ٍ٤‬ز ٖٓ جُه‪ٓٞٛ‬حش ٖٓ ‪ٜ٘ٔٞ‬ح جُه‪ْٛ‬‬
‫جُطؿحٌ‪.١‬‬
‫ٓح ‪ ٞٛ‬جُـٍ‪ ٖٓ ٜ‬جُه‪ ْٛ‬جُطؿحٌ‪١‬؟ قط‪ٗٗ ٠‬ؿغ جُُذحتٖ ٌُ‪ٗ٣ ٢‬طٍ‪ٝ‬ج ذٌٔ‪٤‬حش ًر‪ٍ٤‬ز‪.‬‬
‫‪We want to encourage our customers to buy large quantities, we‬‬
‫‪offer them trade discount. This benefit us and benefit them, you‬‬
‫‪can make what we call the advantage of the economic.‬‬
‫ٓٔ‪ُ٤‬جش جُؼَٔ ج‪٧‬هط‪ٛ‬حو‪ْٞ ٟ‬جء ذحُ٘ٓرس ُِرحتغ أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬ذٔؼ٘‪ ٠‬ػ٘ىٓح ‪ٗ٣‬طٍ‪ٟ‬‬
‫جُُذ‪ ٕٞ‬ذٌٔ‪٤‬حش ًر‪ٍ٤‬ز ‪٣‬ك‪ َٛ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ن‪ ٝ ْٛ‬ضٌِلس ٗوَ جُ‪ٞ‬قىز جُ‪ٞ‬جقىز ْ‪ٞ‬ف ض٘و‪.ٙ‬‬
‫‪ٗٝ‬لّ جُٗ‪٢‬ء جُطحؾٍ أ‪ ٝ‬جُرحتغ أ‪ ٝ‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ػ٘ىٓح ‪٣‬ر‪٤‬غ ذٌٔ‪٤‬حش ًر‪ٍ٤‬ز ‪ٌ٣‬طل‪ ٢‬ذٍذف هِ‪ٕ٧ َ٤‬‬
‫ٓؼىٍ و‪ٌٝ‬جٕ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ْ‪٣ُ٤‬ى‪.‬‬
‫‪Cash discount:‬‬
‫‪To encourage the payment.‬‬
‫ضىكغ ًحٔ ٗوىج أ‪ُٞ٤ْ ٝ‬س كأٗح ًرحتغ أ‪٘ٓ ٝ‬طؽ أقطحؼ ‪ٝ‬أٌؿد ك‪ُٞ٤ْ ٢‬س ٗوى‪٣‬س‪ .‬كأٗح ػ٘ىٓح‬
‫أذ‪٤‬غ ُي ‪ٝ‬ضىكغ ٗوىج أػط‪٤‬ي ن‪ٓ ْٛ‬ؼ‪ ٖ٤‬ذؼٌّ ٓح ضؼط‪ٌ٤ٖ ٢٘٤‬ح هحذَ ُِ‪ٍٛ‬ف ذؼى ٖ‪ٍٜ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٢‬أٗح أٌؿد ك‪ ٢‬ضٗؿ‪٤‬غ جُُذحتٖ ً‪٣ ٢‬ىكؼ‪ٞ‬ج ٗوىج‪.‬‬
‫‪Over- draft:‬‬
‫‪The drawing of more than what a person has standing to his credit‬‬
‫‪there, interest is charged by the bank upon the over draft. The‬‬
‫‪drawing of more than what a person has standing to his credit‬‬
‫‪there, interest is charged by the bank upon the over draft.‬‬
‫جُر٘‪ٞ‬ى ضؼط‪ ٠‬جُطؿحٌ ‪ٝ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ٝ ٖ٣‬جُرحتؼ‪ ٖ٤‬ضٓ‪٬٤ٜ‬ش ذٌ٘‪٤‬س ‪ٝ ًَٝ‬جقى ٖٓ ‪ٛ‬إ‪٫‬ء ُ‪ٓ ٚ‬وىجٌ‬
‫ٓؼ‪ ٖٓ ٖ٤‬جُطٓ‪٬٤ٜ‬ش‪.‬جُر٘ي ‪ٔٓ٣‬ف ُي إٔ ضٓكد ػِ‪ ٠‬جٌُٔٗ‪ٞ‬ف ذ٘حء ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬وىٌضي جُٔحُ‪٤‬س‬
‫‪ٝ‬قًٍطي جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُٓ٘‪ٞ‬جش جُٓحذوس‪.‬‬
‫‪During the last years. How much your movement in the bank‬‬
‫‪according to this, they will give you facilities.‬‬
‫جُر٘ي ‪ٓ٣‬طط‪٤‬غ إٔ ‪٣‬ـط‪٤‬ي قط‪ُ ٠‬لطف ج‪٫‬ػطٔحو ‪ٝ‬قط‪ ٠‬ك‪ٜٖ ٢‬حوجش قٖٓ جُطٔػ‪ٜٖٝ َ٤‬حوجش‬
‫وػح‪٣‬س جٍُٔٗ‪ٝ‬ع ‪ٜٖٝ‬حوجش جُؼَٔ جُطؿحٌ‪٣ .١‬ؿد إٔ ضىكغ ٗٓرس ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ٖٓ ه‪ٔ٤‬س جٍُٔٗ‪ٝ‬ع‪.‬‬
‫ًَ ‪ًٛ‬ج ئيج ًحٗص ػ‪٬‬هطي ٓغ جُر٘ي ؾ‪٤‬ىز ذ٘حء ػِ‪ ٠‬ذٍجءضي جُٔحُ‪٤‬س ‪ٓ٣‬طط‪٤‬غ إٔ ‪٣‬ؼط‪ٞ‬ى‬
‫ٓح‪ًٛٝ over draft ٠ٔٓ٣‬ج ‪٣‬هطِق ٖٓ ضحؾٍ ئُ‪ ٠‬آنٍ‪.‬جُل‪ٞ‬جتى ضكٓد ػِ‪٤‬ي ٖٓ هرَ جُر٘ي‬
‫ذ٘حء ػِ‪ْ ٠‬ك‪ٞ‬ذحضي ؿ‪ ٍ٤‬جُؼحو‪٣‬س ‪.‬‬
‫ٍخال‪:‬‬

‫‪021‬‬
‫ٌُٖ ذؼى‬ٝ ٫ ٝ‫ى أ‬٤ٌٚ ‫جء ُي‬ْٞ ‫ي جُر٘ي‬٤‫ـط‬٣ ‫س‬٤٘‫ٖ ؾ‬٣٬ٓ ‫م نٔٓس‬ٞ‫ـ ُي ك‬ٞٔٓٓ ‫أٗص‬
ٝ‫ أ‬ٚ٤ِ‫ٕ جُلحتىز قٓد جُٔطؼحٌف ػ‬ٌٞ‫ض‬ٝ ‫ي‬٤ِ‫ قٓحخ كحتىز ػ‬٢‫رىأ ك‬٣ ‫س‬٤٘‫ٖ ؾ‬٤٣٬ٓ ‫جُهٔٓس‬
.‫وز‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ُٞٔ‫ج‬
Quantity discount:
The percentage my vary according to the amount order, the
larger, the order .the higher, the discount.

‫س كايج‬٣‫و‬ٞ‫س جُٓؼ‬٤‫ جٌُِٔٔس جُؼٍذ‬٢‫ٓطهىّ ك‬٣ ٞٛٝ ‫س‬٤ٌُٔ‫ْ ج‬ٛ‫ ذه‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫نٍ ٓح‬٥‫ع ج‬ُٞ٘‫ج‬
.‫س‬٣‫ى‬ًٜ ‫جقىز‬ٝ ٠ِ‫َ ػ‬ٛ‫ ضك‬٬‫ؾحش ٓػ‬٬‫ظ غ‬٬‫ص غ‬٣ٍ‫جٖط‬
ْٛ‫ ن‬ٚ٤‫ٖ ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ٗؼط‬٠ ‫ِد ػٍٗز‬٠ ٙ‫ٖه‬:٬‫س كٔػ‬٤‫ْ قٓد جُطِر‬ٛ‫ضكىو ٗٓرس جُه‬ٝ
ٌٕٞ‫ػحوز ٓح ض‬ٝ %95-38 ٠ُ‫َ ئ‬ٛ٣ ‫ْ هى‬ٛ‫ ن‬ٚ٤‫ٖ ٗؼط‬٠ ٖ٣ٍٗ‫طِد ػ‬٣ ٍ‫أن‬ٝ %35
.‫س‬٣‫ٍو‬٠ ‫هس‬٬‫ ػ‬٢ٜ‫ْ ك‬ٛ‫س َجو جُه‬٤‫س ًِٔح ًرٍ قؿْ جُطِر‬٣‫حػى‬ٛ‫هس ض‬٬‫جُؼ‬
Commercial documents

Bank draft:
Is a document or a form of a cheque, drawn by a banker on one of
its branches or some other bank requesting payment of a sum of
money to the order of a person or the bearer.(it is a cheap method
of remitting money).
ٚ‫ػ‬ٍٝ‫ جقى ك‬ٝ‫ جُر٘ي أ‬٠ِ‫خ ػ‬ٞ‫ي ٓٓك‬٤ٖ ٌَٖ ٠ِ‫ٕ ػ‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫وس ٌٖٓٔ أ‬٤‫غ‬ٝ ٖ‫ ػرحٌز ػ‬ٞٛ
).....‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ج ئ‬ٞ‫ جوكؼ‬ٝ‫أ‬, ‫ي‬٤ُٗ‫ًج ج‬ٛ َٓ‫ج ُكح‬ٞ‫ ضطِد ٓ٘ح جُىكغ (جوكؼ‬ٍٟ‫ى أن‬ٞ٘‫ ٖٓ ذ‬ٝ‫أ‬
ٝ‫ٍ أ‬ٝ٧‫ى ج‬٤‫ٍف ُِٔٓطل‬ٛ‫ جًٍُٗحش ض‬ٝ‫ذؼ‬ٝ ِٚٓ‫ٍف ُكح‬ٛ‫ٌحش ض‬٤ُٗ‫ ج‬ٝ‫٘حى ذؼ‬ٛٝ
‫ًج‬ٛٝ ٍ‫ آن‬ٙ‫ ُٗه‬ٝ٤‫ إٔ جذ‬٢ٗ‫ذآٌح‬ٝ .ٖ٤‫ ٓؼ‬ٙ‫ ُٗه‬١‫ٍف كو‬ٛ‫ جًٍُٗحش ض‬ٝ‫ذؼ‬
٠ُ‫ٖٓ ذ٘ي ئ‬ٝ ٍ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫ٍف ئ‬٠ ٖٓ ِِٞ‫ٖٔ وكغ جُل‬ٟ‫وس ض‬٤‫غ‬ٝ ٞٛٝ .ٍ‫ن‬٥ ‫هطِق ٖٓ ذِى‬٣
.ٍٟ‫ى أن‬ٞ٘‫ ذ‬ٝ‫آنٍ أ‬
)‫ٍجف جُٔهطِلس‬٠٧‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ِ ٓحذ‬ِٞ‫َ جُل‬٣ٞ‫ِس ُطك‬ْٜٝ ‫طس‬٤ٓ‫وس ذ‬٣ٍ٠ ٍ‫ ضؼطر‬٠ٛٝ(
Dispatch note:
It is sent by the department responsible for the packing and
dispatch of the articles. It informs the purchaser that the goods
have been sent.
ٖٟٔ‫ ضط‬٠ٛٝ ‫٘س‬٤‫حش ٓؼ‬٤‫ؾ ُطِر‬٣ٍ‫جُطل‬ٝ ‫ق‬٤ِ‫ُس ػٖ جُطـ‬ٞ‫جتٍ جُٔٓث‬ٝ‫ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ جُى‬
ٝ‫حػس أ‬ٟ‫ّ جُر‬٬‫وس جْط‬٤‫غ‬ٝ ٠ٛٝ .‫حػس‬ٟ‫ ٓٓطِْ جُر‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫ أٌِْص ُِٔٗط‬٢‫حش جُط‬٣ٍ‫جُٔٗط‬
ّ٬‫ هحّ ذحْط‬ٚٗ‫ ذأ‬ٍٟ‫وٍ جُٔٗط‬٣ ٕ‫ج‬ٝ ‫غ‬٤‫ ػوى جُر‬٢‫ح ك‬ٜ٤ِ‫٘ ػ‬ُٞٛ٘ٔ‫ جُٔ٘طوس ج‬٢‫ح ك‬ٜ‫ـ‬٣ٍ‫ضل‬

020
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس أ‪ ٝ‬ضلٍ‪٣‬ـ‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ ٢‬جٌُٔحٕ جُٔه‪ُٜ ٙٛ‬ح‪٘ٛ ٚٗ٧.‬حى ئؾٍجءجش ذؼى‪ٛ‬ح كوى ‪ ٫‬ض‪ٍٛ‬ف‬
‫جُك‪ٞ‬جتَ جُٔحُ‪٤‬س ك‪ ٢‬جُر٘ي ك‪ ٢‬ذِى جُٔ‪ٛ‬ىٌ ئ‪ ٫‬ذؼى ‪ ًٙٛ ٍٞٚٝ‬جُ٘ٓهس ئُ‪ ٠‬جُر٘ي‪.‬‬
‫الحظ‪:‬‬
‫إٔ جُلِ‪ً ِٞ‬حٗص ٓىك‪ٞ‬ػس ‪ٝ‬ج‪٫‬ػطٔحو ٓلط‪ٞ‬ـ ك‪ ٢‬جُر٘ي ك‪ ٢‬جُرِى جُٔ‪ٛ‬ىٌ ‪ًٙٛ ٌُٖٝ‬‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬غ‪٤‬وس ٓ‪ٜٔ‬س ؾىج ذؼى إٔ ض٘ؿُ جُؼِٔ‪٤‬س ذك‪٤‬ع ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضٍِْ‪ٜ‬ح ئُ‪ ٠‬جُر٘ي ك‪ ٢‬ذِى‬
‫جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ‪ٍٛ٣ٝ‬ف جُلِ‪ ِٞ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جُرحتغ ٓغ ج‪٫‬قطلحظ ذ٘ٓرس ٖٓ هرَ جُر٘ي ًٌلحُس قٖٓ ض٘ل‪ً٤‬‬
‫قٓد ٍٖ‪ ٠ٝ‬جُؼوى‪.‬‬
‫‪Credit note:‬‬
‫‪A statement sent to a customer giving particular of an amount, he‬‬
‫‪is entitled to be given for, such as returned goods‬‬
‫‪allowances……etc.‬‬
‫‪ ٢ٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ؾِٔس أ‪ ٝ‬كوٍز ضٍَْ ئُ‪ ٠‬جُُذ‪ ٕٞ‬ضؼط‪٤ًٔ ٚ٤‬حش ٓكىوز ‪ٔٓ٣‬ف ذ‪ٜ‬ح ٓػَ‬
‫ٍٓضؿغ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ٝ‬جُ‪٬ٛ‬ق‪٤‬حش‪.‬‬
‫فَخال‪:‬‬
‫ػ٘ىٓح ٗٓط‪ٌٞ‬و قر‪ٞ‬خ ٖٓ ٌٓحٕ ٓح ‪ٝ‬ذؼى جُطكٔ‪ َ٤‬ن‪ ٍ٬‬ػِٔ‪٤‬س جُ٘وَ ٗط‪٤‬ؿس جُظٍ‪ٝ‬ف‬
‫جُؿ‪٣ٞ‬س ‪ٝ‬وٌؾس جُكٍجٌز ‪ٓٝ‬وىجٌ جٍُ‪ٞ٠‬ذس ك‪ ٢‬جُٔحوز ‪ ٖٓٝ‬غْ ض‪ٛ‬رف ‪٘ٛ‬حى ػِٔ‪٤‬س ض‪ٟ‬هْ‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٘٤ْ ٢‬و‪.ٙ‬‬
‫ئيٕ ‪ٛ٣‬ؼد إٔ ٗكىو ًٔ‪٤‬س ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ‪ٓ ٞٛٝ‬ح ‪ ٠ٔٓ٣‬ذحُٓٔحق‪٤‬حش ‪ allowances‬ك‪٤‬ؿد إٔ‬
‫‪٘ٛ ٌٕٞ٣‬حى ٗ‪ٞ‬ع ٖٓ جٍُٔ‪ٗٝ‬س ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذ‪ ًٜٙ‬ج‪.ٌٞٓ٧‬‬
‫‪Debit note:‬‬
‫‪An advice of indebtedness sent by one trader to another.‬‬
‫‪ ٢ٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ٗ‪٤ٛ‬كس أ‪٬ٓ ٝ‬قظس ذحُى‪ ٖ٣‬ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ ضحؾٍ ئُ‪ ٠‬ضحؾٍ ‪ ٠ٛٝ‬ئهٍجٌ‬
‫ذ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬و جُى‪.ٖ٣‬‬
‫‪Invoice:‬‬
‫‪A statement giving descriptions, quantity and price of goods.‬‬
‫‪ ٠ٛٝ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ جُلحض‪ٌٞ‬ز ضط‪ ٖٟٔ‬جٌُٔ‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬أْؼحٌ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ ٠ٛٝ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ؾِٔس ضؼط‪٠‬‬
‫‪ٚٝ‬ق ُِٔحوز‪.‬‬
‫‪Goods received note:‬‬
‫‪A note signed by the purchaser when the goods arrive at his‬‬
‫‪stockroom, describes the name of the suppliers, the quantity and‬‬
‫‪date of receipt.‬‬
‫ٓ‪٬‬قظس ‪ ٍٞٚٝ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ ٠ٛٝ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ‪ٝ‬غ‪٤‬وس ضر‪ ٖ٤‬إٔ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ِٚٝ‬ص ‪٣ٝ‬ؿد إٔ‬
‫ض‪ٞ‬هغ ٖٓ هرَ جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬ػ٘ىٓح ض‪ َٛ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ئُ‪ٓ ٠‬هحَٗ‪ ٚ‬أ‪ٓٓ ٝ‬ط‪ٞ‬وػحض‪ٝ ٚ‬جُط‪٣ ٢‬ؿد إٔ‬
‫ضٗ‪ ٍ٤‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جْْ جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ‪ ٝ‬جٌُٔ‪٤‬س ‪ٞٓٝ‬ػى جْط‪ ّ٬‬أ‪ ٍٞٚٝ ٝ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ٜٔٓ ٠ٛٝ‬س ؾىج‪.‬‬
‫‪022‬‬
Delivery note :
Is a document sent by supplier to the purchaser who check the
goods against the delivery and signs one copy and give it back to
the driver.
‫طؼِن‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫حتغ ك‬ٟ‫ جُر‬ٙ‫لك‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ١ًُ‫ج‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬٠ُ‫و ئ‬ُُٝٔ‫وس ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ ج‬٤‫غ‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜٗ‫ئ‬
‫ز‬ٞ‫ذؼى ًَ نط‬ٝ ‫ جُٓحتن‬٠ُ‫ح ئ‬ٜ‫ٍؾؼ‬٣ٝ ‫ جُ٘ٓم‬ٟ‫ ئقى‬٠ِ‫هغ ػ‬ٞ٣ٝ ْ٤ِٓ‫جُط‬ٝ ّ٬‫ْط‬٫‫ػى ج‬ٞٔ‫ذ‬
.َٓ‫ ػَٔ ٓطٌح‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬ُٞٚٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض٘لً ٖٓ جؾَ ج‬٣ ٍٟ‫ز أن‬ٞ‫٘حُي نط‬ٛ
Bill of exchange:
UN conditional order in writing addressed by demand or affixed
determinable time in future to the order of a specified person, or
the bearer.

Bill oh lading (B/L):

The bill of lading is a principal transit document which gives
description of the goods, weight, packing, and some special
instructions sent by the shipper and signed by the carrier (the
captain of the ship) to safe guard the ship owners against claims
for damage.
‫ٔس‬ُٜٔ‫ٔحش ج‬٤ِ‫جُطؼ‬ٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫ق جُر‬ٚٝ ٠‫ ضؼط‬٢‫جُط‬ٝ َ‫س جُ٘و‬٤ِٔ‫وس ضػرص إٔ ػ‬٤‫غ‬ٝ ٢ٛ
. ٖ‫ ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ جُٗحق‬٢‫جُط‬ٝ ‫ُز‬ٜ‫ؾ‬٧‫د ج‬٤ًٍ‫ح ض‬ٚٞٛ‫ن‬ٝ
ٖ٤ٌُ‫م جُٔح‬ٞ‫٘س ٖٓ جؾَ قلع قو‬٤‫ هحتى جُٓل‬ٞٛٝ ٠٘‫هغ ٖٓ هرَ جُٗحقٖ جُٔؼ‬ٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ٝ
.‫حػس‬ٟ‫حػص جُر‬ٞ ‫س ئيج‬٤ٗ‫ ٓى‬ٟٝ‫ٖٓ جؾَ ئهحٓس وػح‬ٝ

٠ُ‫ جُكِوس جُوحوٓس ئٕ ٖحء هللا ئ‬٢‫ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‬٠ِ‫خ ػ‬٬‫ جُط‬٢‫ أػُجت‬٢‫ًج جُوىٌ ٌٗطل‬ٜ‫ذ‬
ٚ‫ط‬٣‫ٌػح‬ٝ ‫ قلع هللا‬٢‫ٖ وٓطْ ك‬٤‫يُي جُك‬
.ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬ٝ

023
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىضبدصخ عشر‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪ ٚ‬أ‪ ٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٢‬جُكِوس جُٓحوْس‬
‫ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ُٝ .‬وى ضٌِٔ٘ح ك‪ ٢‬جُكِوحش جُٓحذوس ػٖ‬
‫ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ‪ٞٝٝ‬ك٘ح ‪ٛ‬ح ‪ٝ‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬ط‪ٜ‬ح ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ ّٞ٤‬ذأيٕ هللا ٗٓطٌَٔ ٓح ضرو‪.٠‬‬
‫‪Delivery note:‬‬
‫‪It is a document sent by supplier to the purchaser who checks the‬‬
‫‪goods against the delivery and signs one gives it back to the diver.‬‬

‫إشعبر اىتىريذ‪:‬‬

‫‪ٞٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ‪ٝ‬غ‪٤‬وس ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬ق‪٤‬ع ‪٣‬و‪ ّٞ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬ذحْط‪ّ٬‬‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪٣ٝ‬لك‪ٜٛ‬ح ‪ِٚٝ َٛٝ‬ص ذحٌُٔ‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬جُ٘‪ٞ‬ػ‪٤‬س جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذس ‪ٞٓٝ‬ػى جُطِٓ‪ٌٕٞ٣ٝ ْ٤‬‬
‫‪٘ٛ‬حى ٗٓم ٓغ جُٓحتن ق‪٤‬ع ‪ٞ٣‬هغ ػِ‪ ٠‬جُ٘ٓم ‪٣ٝ‬كطلع ذ٘ٓهس ُى‪٣‬س ‪ٓٗٝ‬هس ضٍَْ ئُ‪٠‬‬
‫جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ‪ٝ‬أنٍ‪ ٟ‬ض‪ٞ‬هغ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ٝ‬ضؼط‪ ٠‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٓحتن ُ‪٤‬و‪ ّٞ‬ذ٘وِ‪ٜ‬ح ئُ‪ ٠‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و‪.‬‬

‫‪ٝ‬جُط‪ٞ‬ه‪٤‬غ ٓ‪ ْٜ‬ؾىج ‪٫ٝ‬ذى إٔ ‪٣‬طْ ْ‪ٞ‬جء ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُٓحتن ‪ٝ‬قو‪ٞ‬ه‪ٓ ٚ‬غ جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ‪ْٞٝ‬جء‬
‫ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ‪ٝ‬ػ‪٬‬هط‪ ٚ‬ذحُٔٗطٍ‪ْٞٝ ٟ‬جء ذ٘ظحّ جُىكغ جُٔطلن ػِ‪ َٛ ٚ٤‬جُىكغ ٓٓروح‬
‫أ‪ ٝ‬ػ٘ى ‪ ٍٞٚٝ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪.‬‬

‫‪ٝ‬ئيج ًحٕ جُىكغ ػ٘ى ‪ ٍٞٚٝ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ك‪ ًٜٙ‬جُ‪ٞ‬غ‪٤‬وس ضػرص إٔ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ضْ جْط‪ٜٓ٬‬ح‬

‫ذحٌَُٗ جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬خ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٢‬ػ٘ى ‪ٓٗ ٍٞٚٝ‬هس ئُ‪٣ ٚ٤‬و‪ ّٞ‬ػ٘ى‪ٛ‬ح جُر٘ي ذاٌْحٍ جُ٘و‪ٞ‬و أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫غٖٔ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ئُ‪ ٠‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و‪.‬‬
‫‪Bill of exchange:‬‬
‫‪UN conditional order in writing, addressed by demand or a fixed‬‬
‫‪determinable time in the future to the order of a specified person‬‬
‫‪or the bearer.‬‬
‫اىنَجيبىخ‪:‬‬
‫‪ٖ ٢ٛ‬ر‪ ٚ٤‬جُٗ‪٤‬ي ‪ ٠ٛٝ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ غر‪ٞ‬ش أٍٓ ُىكغ ٓرِؾ ٓؼ‪ ٖٓ ٖ٤‬جُلِ‪ ِٞ‬ئُ‪ٚ ٠‬حقد‬
‫جٌُٔر‪٤‬حُس أ‪ ٝ‬جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬خ جْٔ‪ ٚ‬ذحٌُٔر‪٤‬حُس ك‪ٝ ٢‬هص ٓكىو‪ٝ .‬ػ٘ىٓح ‪٣‬ك‪ًٛ ٖ٤‬ج جُ‪ٞ‬هص‬
‫ض‪ٛ‬رف جٌُٔر‪٤‬حُس ٓٓطكوس جُىكغ ‪ٝ‬ضٓٔ‪ِ٠ ٠‬د ؿ‪ٝ ٠ٍٝٗٓ ٍ٤‬ػحوز ٓح ضٌطد ًطحذس ‪ٝ‬ضٔػَ‬
‫‪ِ٠‬د ٓؼ‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ٝ ٝ‬هص هحذَ ُِطكى‪٣‬ى ك‪ ٢‬جُٔٓطورَ ٓكٌٍز ئُ‪ٖ ٠‬ه‪ٓ ٙ‬كىو ذحْٔ‪ٓ(ٚ‬كٔى أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬ػ‪ )٬‬أ‪ُ ٝ‬كحِٓ‪ٜ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫‪Bill oh lading (B/L):‬‬
‫‪024‬‬
The bill of lading is a principal transit document which give
description of the goods , weight , packing , and some special
instructions, sent by the shipper and signed by carrier(the captain
of the ship) to safeguard the ship owners against claims for
damage.
:ِ‫ثىىيصخ اىشح‬

َٓ‫ق ًح‬ٚٝ ٠‫ ضؼط‬٢‫جُط‬ٝ ‫ٗس‬ٞ‫حػس جُٔٗك‬ٟ‫ؼس جُر‬٤‫ر‬٠ ‫وس ضػرص‬٤‫غ‬ٝ ٖ‫ ػرحٌز ػ‬٢ٛ
.‫حػس‬ٟ‫س ذحُر‬ٚ‫ٔحش جُهح‬٤ِ‫ جُطؼ‬ٝ‫ذؼ‬ٝ ‫ق‬٤ِ‫جُطـ‬ٝ َُٕٞ‫ج‬ٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫ُِر‬
ٍ٬‫ن‬ٝ , ‫س‬٣ٝ‫ٔح‬٤ً ‫جو‬ٞٓ ٝ‫جتَ أ‬ْٞ ٝ‫ش أ‬ٞ٣َ ٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٟٞ‫٘س ٌذٔح ضكط‬٤‫٘ح آُس ٓؼ‬٣‫ٕ ُى‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ًأ‬
ْْٜ٧‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ ضر‬٢ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ُس‬٥‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ‫ـِق‬٣ ١ًُ‫ ج‬٢‫م جُهٗر‬ٝ‫٘ى‬ُٛ‫َ هِد ج‬ٞ‫ؿ‬٣ ٫ ٖ‫س جُٗك‬٤ِٔ‫ػ‬
ًٙٛ ًَٝ ٍ‫جن‬ٞ‫ٍ جُر‬٬‫ق ضٍُ٘ ٖٓ ن‬٤ًٝ ‫ٗٗحش‬ُٞ‫ٍ ج‬٬‫ق ضؼِن ٖٓ ن‬٤ًٝ ٖ‫ق ضٗك‬٤ً
٠‫٘س قط‬٤‫حقد جُٓل‬ٚ ٝ‫ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ جُٗحقٖ أ‬ٝ ‫كس‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٌٕٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫ٔحش‬٤ِ‫جُطؼ‬
.‫حػس‬ٟ‫ جُر‬ًٙٛ ‫ ًٍٖس جُٗكٖ ٖٓ ضِق‬ٝ‫٘س أ‬٤‫حقد جُٓل‬ٚ ٠ٔ‫ضك‬

‫ٓحش ضطؼِن‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬ٟ‫ج‬ٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫لحش جُر‬ٚ‫ج‬ٞٓٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫س جُر‬٤‫ػ‬ٞٗ ٖ٤‫س جُٗكٖ ضر‬ٛ٤ُٞ‫ذ‬ٝ
‫س‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٙ‫ جُٗه‬٠ُ‫حػس ئ‬ٟ‫ٍ جُر‬ٞٚٝ ٖٟٔٗ ٠‫حػس قط‬ٟ‫لحش جُر‬ٚ‫ج‬ٞٔ‫ذ‬
.‫حػس‬ٟ‫ ضِق ُِر‬ٟ‫ ٖٓ ج‬٬‫ جُٗحقٖ ٓٓطور‬٠ٔ‫ ضك‬٠ٛٝ ‫ٔس‬٤ِْٝ ‫وس آٓ٘س‬٣ٍ‫جُٔكىوز ذط‬
Proforma invoice:
It is similar to a quotation shows the purchaser how the invoice
will be written out of decides to buy the goods.
(it is demand for money)
:‫اىفبتىرح األوىيخ‬

‫س‬٤‫ل‬٤ً ٍٟ‫ٖ ُِٔٗط‬٤‫ٍجش جُٓحذوس ضر‬ٞ‫ جُٔكح‬٢‫ ك‬ٚ٘‫ ضٌِٔ٘ح ػ‬١ًُ‫ْؼحٌ ج‬٧‫ ج‬ٍٜ‫ ػ‬ٚ‫ح ضٗر‬ٜٗ‫ئ‬
.‫و‬ٞ٘‫ ٖٓ ذ‬ٟٚ٘ٔ‫ٓح ضط‬ٝ ‫ٌز‬ٞ‫ًطحذس جُلحض‬
‫س‬٤‫ػ‬ٞٗٝ ‫٘ق‬ٚ ًَ ‫ضٌِلس‬ٝ ‫حش‬٤ٌُٔ‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ح ضر‬ٜٗ٧ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫ٌز ضػرص قن جُرحتغ ذػٖٔ جُر‬ٞ‫جُلحض‬
٢ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫ّ جُر‬٬‫ ذحْط‬ٍٟ‫جُٔٗط‬ٝ ‫غ ُِرحتغ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫٘حُي ض‬ٛ ‫ح‬ٟ٣‫أ‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫لحض‬ٚ‫ج‬ٞٓٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫جُر‬
ٖٓ ‫ً يُي جُطِد‬٤‫حّ جُرحتغ ذط٘ل‬٤‫ه‬ٝ ‫ جُرحتغ‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٍٟ‫ِد جُٔٗط‬٠ َ‫ ضٔػ‬٠ٛٝ ‫ ضػرص قن‬٢ٛ
.‫ح‬ٜ‫طؼِن ذ‬٣ ‫ًَ ٓح‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫لحض‬ٚ‫ج‬ٞٓٝ ‫حتغ‬ٟ‫ٍ ًطحذس جُر‬٬‫ن‬
Letter of credit (L/C):
A method of payment in foreign trade, it is safe and quick method
but more expensive to the importer, where by the important
arranges for a bank in his country to open credit in favour of the
025
‫‪exporter. If the credit can be altered or can celled at any time, it is‬‬
‫‪said to be a revocable credit where as credit cannot be altered or‬‬
‫‪with drawing during a creation period, usually six months is an‬‬
‫‪irrevocable credit and is much safer.‬‬
‫رصبىخ االعتَبد‪:‬‬

‫ػرحٌز ػٖ ‪٣ٍ٠‬وس وكغ ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُطؿحٌز جُهحٌؾ‪٤‬س ‪ ٠ٛٝ‬آٓ٘س ‪٣ٍْٝ‬ؼس ‪ٌُٜ٘ٝ‬ح ٌِٓلس‬
‫‪ ٕ٫‬جُر٘ي ‪٣‬أنً ٗٓرس ػحُ‪٤‬س‪ .‬ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُٔ‪ٛ‬ىٌ ك‪ ٢‬قحُس كطف ج‪٫‬ػطٔحو ك‪ ٢‬ذ٘ي ٓؼ‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫ك‪ ٢‬ذِىز غْ ذؼى يُي جُر٘ي ‪٣‬هح‪٠‬د ذ٘ي آنٍ ك‪ ٢‬ذِى جُٔٓط‪ٌٞ‬و قٓد جٍُٗ‪ ٠ٝ‬جُٔطلن‬
‫ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح أ‪ ٝ‬قٓد ‪٣ٍ٠‬وس جُىكغ ذك‪٤‬ع ‪ ٖٟٔ٣‬جُرحتغ أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬ىٌ إٔ غٖٔ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ٓ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬و‬
‫ك‪ ٢‬جُر٘ي ‪ٝ‬ذٌلحُس جُر٘ي ك‪ ٢‬ذِى‪.ٙ‬‬

‫‪ٝ‬ضؼحَٓ جُر٘‪ٞ‬ى ٓغ ذؼ‪ٜٟ‬ح ‪ ٖٟٔ٣‬قن جُٔٗطٍ‪ٝ ٟ‬قن جُرحتغ ك‪ ٢‬جُك‪ ٍٞٛ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬غٖٔ‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ػ٘ى ه‪٤‬حٓ‪ ٚ‬ذط٘ل‪ ٠ٍٖٝ ً٤‬جُؼوى جُٔطلن ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح أ‪ ٠ٍٖٝ ٝ‬جٍُٗجء ‪ٝ‬ئيج جُـ‪ًٛ ٢‬ج‬
‫ج‪٫‬ػطٔحو أ‪ ٝ‬أ‪ٚ‬رف ؿ‪ْ ٍ٤‬حٌ‪ ١‬جُٔلؼ‪ْ ٟ٫ ٍٞ‬رد (ج‪٫‬ػطٔحو جُوحذَ ُِلٓم)‪.‬‬

‫ئيج ً٘ص ذحتغ وجنَ جٌُِٔٔس ‪ٝ‬أٗح ك‪ ٢‬أٍٓ‪ٌ٣‬ح ‪ِ٠ٝ‬رص ٓ٘ي ػ‪٘٤‬حش ‪ًٝ‬حٗص ٓطحذوس‬
‫ُِٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش ‪ ٝ‬ذ٘حء ػِ‪ ٠‬يُي ‪ٝ‬غوص ك‪٤‬ي ‪ِ٠ٝ‬رص ًٔ‪٤‬س ًر‪ٍ٤‬ز ٖٓ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُؼ‪٘٤‬حش ػِ‪ ٠‬أَٓ‬
‫إٔ ضرؼع ٗلّ جُؼ‪٘٤‬حش ‪ِ٠ٝ‬رص ٓ٘‪ ٠‬كطف جػطٔحو ك‪ ٢‬ذ٘ي ذحٌُِٔٔس جُؼٍذ‪٤‬س جُٓؼ‪ٞ‬و‪٣‬س ‪ًٛٝ‬ج‬
‫ج‪٫‬ػطٔحو ‪ ٍَْ٣‬ئُ‪ ٠‬ذ٘ي ك‪ ٢‬جُ‪٣٫ٞ‬حش جُٔطكىز ج‪٤ٌ٣ٍٓ٧‬س ػ٘ى‪ٛ‬ح ض‪ٛ‬رف ػ‪٬‬هس ذ٘ي ذأنٍ‬
‫‪ ٖٟٔ٣ٝ‬جُر٘ي ُِرحتغ إٔ ‪٣‬ك‪ َٛ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬غٖٔ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس قط‪ ٠‬ض‪٣ٌٞ‬ى جُر‪ٟ‬حػس قٓد جٍُٗ‪٠ٝ‬‬
‫جُٔطلن ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪٘ٛٝ‬حُي ذؼ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٫‬ػطٔحوجش ؿ‪ ٍ٤‬هحذِس ُِلٓم قط‪ْ ٠‬طس أٖ‪ ًٙٛٝ ٍٜ‬آٓ٘س‬
‫أًػٍ‪.‬‬
‫‪Price list:‬‬
‫‪A list issued by the manufacture or whole seller giving the price of‬‬
‫‪the goods and the terms of sale.‬‬
‫قبئَخ أصعبر‪:‬‬

‫هحتٔس ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ضؼى ٖٓ هرَ جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ أ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬ضحؾٍ جُؿِٔس ‪ٝ‬ضر‪ ٖ٤‬أْؼحٌ جُر‪ٟ‬حتغ ‪٠ٍٖٝٝ‬‬
‫جُر‪٤‬غ ‪ ٠ٍٖٝٝ‬جُىكغ ‪ ٠ٍٖٝٝ‬جُطِٓ‪.ْ٤‬‬
‫‪Certificate or origin:‬‬
‫‪It is a certificate issued by responsible authorities showing the‬‬
‫‪places of manufactured of certain article.‬‬
‫شهبدح اىَْشأ‪:‬‬
‫‪026‬‬
‫ٖ‪ٜ‬حوز جُٔ٘ٗأ ضػرص إٔ ضِي جُر‪ٟ‬حػس أ‪ِٜٚ‬ح ذِى ٓؼ‪ً ٖ٤‬حُ‪ ٖ٤ٛ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪٤‬حذحٕ ‪ٖٓ ٠ٛٝ,‬‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬غحتن جُ‪ٜ‬حٓس ؾىج ك‪ ٢‬جُؼِٔ‪٤‬س جُطؼِ‪٤ٔ٤‬س ‪ٝ‬ضٗ‪ ٍ٤‬ئُ‪ ٠‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز جُٔ٘طؽ ٖٓ ػىٓ‪ ٚ‬ك‪ ٢ٜ‬ػرحٌز‬
‫ػٖ ٓإٍٖ ُِؿ‪ٞ‬وز‪ٝ .‬ضػرص إٔ جُٔ٘ٗأ ُ‪ٓ ّ٤‬وِى‪.‬‬
‫ًػ‪ ٖٓ ٍ٤‬جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬ؼحش ‪ ٌٖٔ٣‬إٔ ضوِى ذحٕ إٔ ٗكلٍ ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٔ٘طؽ ٗلّ جُؼ‪ٓ٬‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔحًٌس‬
‫جُٔٔ‪ُ٤‬ز ًٍُٗس ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س أ‪ٟٗ ٝ‬غ ‪ label‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪٬‬ذّ ‪ٔ٣‬حغَ جًٍُٗحش جُؼحُٔ‪٤‬س جٌُرٍ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ًُُي ٗكٖ ذكحؾس ئُ‪ٜٖ ٠‬حوز جُٔ٘ٗأ ٌُ‪ٗ ٢‬ػرص إٔ جُٔ٘طؽ أ‪.٠ِٚ‬‬
‫‪Customs declaration:‬‬
‫‪It is a form which is deposited which customs authorities showing‬‬
‫‪the details of the goods regarding contents, weight and value etc.‬‬
‫اىجَبرك‪:‬‬

‫ئهٍجٌ جُٔٓط‪ِٜ‬ي ‪٣‬ؼرح ‪٣ٝ‬وىّ ئُ‪ ٠‬جُِٓطحش جُٔٓإُس ػٖ جُؿٔحٌى ‪ٝ‬جُط‪ ٢‬ضر‪ ٖ٤‬ضلح‪َ٤ٚ‬‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس جُٔطؼِوس ذٔكط‪٣ٞ‬حش جُٔحوز ‪ٓ ٖٓٝ‬حيج ض‪٘ٛ‬غ جُٔحوز ‪ٌٗٞٓٝ‬حش جُٔحوز ‪٣ .‬ؿد إٔ‬
‫ضٌ‪ ًٙٛ ٕٞ‬ج‪ٝ ٌٞٓ٧‬ج‪ٞ‬كس ؾىج‪.‬‬

‫ؾٔؼ‪٤‬س قٔح‪٣‬س جُٔٓط‪ِٜ‬ي ك‪ ٢‬ؾٔ‪٤‬غ ج‪٧‬هطحٌ ‪ٝ‬ضؼِ‪ٔ٤‬حش ‪َٝ‬جٌز جُ‪٘ٛ‬حػس ‪ٝ‬جُطؿحٌز ‪َٝٝ‬جٌز‬
‫جُطهط‪ٝ ١٤‬جُطٓ‪٣ٞ‬ن جُكى‪٣‬ع ‪ٝ‬جُٔل‪ ّٜٞ‬ج‪٫‬ؾطٔحػ‪ُِ ٢‬طٓ‪٣ٞ‬ن ‪ٝ‬أن‪٬‬ه‪٤‬حش جُطٓ‪٣ٞ‬ن ‪ٝ‬ؾٔؼ‪٤‬س‬
‫جُٔكحكظس ػِ‪ ٠‬جُر‪٤‬ثس ‪ٝ‬ج‪٧‬قُجخ جُه‪ٝ ٍٟ‬ؾٔؼ‪٤‬حش جُٔؿطٔغ جُٔىٗ‪ ٢‬أ‪ٚ‬ركص ضًٍُ ػِ‪٠‬‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ‬ج‪.ٌٞٓ٧‬‬

‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٢‬ضكٍ٘ ػِ‪ ٠‬إٔ ضر‪ٌٗٞٓ ٖ٤‬حش جُر‪ٟ‬حػس جُىجنِس ‪ٝ‬جُهحٌؾس ٖٓ جُرِى ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ج‪ِٚ‬س‬
‫ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٓط‪ِٜ‬ي أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪٤ًٔٝ ٟ‬س ٌٓ‪ٗٞ‬حش جُٔكط‪٣ٞ‬حش ك‪ٓ ًَ ٢‬حوز ‪ٓٝ‬ح ‪ ٢ٛ‬ج‪ٍٞ٧‬جٌ‬
‫جُٔكطِٔس ٗط‪٤‬ؿس ‪ٝ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬و ‪ ًٙٛ‬جٌُٔ‪٤‬حش ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح جُٔ‪ٞ‬جو جُـًجت‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬قط‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬جو جُ‪٘ٛ‬حػ‪٤‬س ‪.‬‬

‫‪ُٝ‬وى أ‪ٚ‬رف جُؼحُْ جُ‪ ّٞ٤‬أًػٍ ‪ٝ‬ػ‪٤‬ح ‪ٝ‬ج‪ٛ‬طٔحّ ذ‪ًٜ‬ج جُٔل‪ٗ ّٜٞ‬ط‪٤‬ؿس َ‪٣‬حوز جُ‪ٞ‬ػ‪ٝ ٢‬جُٔؼٍكس‬
‫‪ٝ‬ج‪٩‬وٌجى ُى‪ ٟ‬جُُذحتٖ ‪ٝ‬ػ٘ى جُٔ٘ظٔحش ذأ‪٤ٔٛ‬س جُٔكحكظس ػِ‪ ٠‬جُر‪٤‬ثس ‪ٝ‬ذأ‪٤ٔٛ‬س جُٔٓث‪٤ُٞ‬س‬
‫ج‪٫‬ؾطٔحػ‪٤‬س‪.‬‬

‫‪ٝ‬ػِٔ‪٤‬س جُطهِ‪ ٖٓ ٙ‬جُٔ٘طؿحش ‪ٝrecycle‬ئػحوز جُط‪٤٘ٛ‬غ‪ٝ .‬ذ‪٤‬حٕ جُ‪ٝ َٕٞ‬جُو‪ٔ٤‬س ‪ٝ‬ج‪ٟ‬‬

‫ٓؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش أنٍ‪ٓ ٟ‬طؼِوس ذحُر‪ٟ‬حػس ذٔؼ٘‪ ٠‬جٗ‪٣ ٚ‬ؿد إٔ ‪٘ٛ ٌٕٞ٣‬حى ٖلحك‪٤‬س ًحِٓس قط‪٠‬‬
‫ضٓ‪ َٜ‬جُٔكحكظس ػِ‪ ٠‬قو‪ٞ‬م جُٔٓط‪ٝ ٖ٤ٌِٜ‬قو‪ٞ‬م جُٔؿطٔغ ذٔح ك‪ ْٜ٤‬قو‪ٞ‬م جُٔٗطٍ‪ٟ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُرحتغ ٖٓ ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُ‪ٛ‬كس ‪ ٖٓٝ‬ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُٔكحكظس ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٔؿطٔغ‪.‬‬
‫‪The quotation:‬‬

‫‪027‬‬
‫‪A quotation is sent in reply to an enquiry and states the goods‬‬
‫‪available , the current prices and delivery dates. a printed‬‬
‫‪catalogue or price list is frequently sent with the quotation.‬‬
‫عروض األصعبر‪:‬‬

‫ػٍ‪ ٜٝ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ضٍَْ ذ٘حء ػِ‪ِ٠ ٠‬ر‪٤‬س ٖٓ َذ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬ؼ‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬ؾ‪ٜ‬س ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ‪ ٠ٛٝ‬ضهرٍٗح‬
‫ػٖ ئٌٓحٗ‪٤‬س ض‪ٞ‬كٍ جُر‪ٟ‬حتغ ٖٓ ػىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ٝ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ جُكحُ‪٤‬س ُ‪ ًٜٙ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حتغ ‪ٞٓٝ‬ػى جُطِٓ‪ْ٤‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُ‪. ٍٞٚٞ‬‬

‫جٌُطحُ‪ٞ‬ؼ جُٔطر‪ٞ‬ع ػحوز ٓح ‪ٓ ٍَْ٣‬غ ػٍ‪ ٜ‬أ‪ ٝ‬هحتٔس أْؼحٌ‪.‬‬

‫‪ٝ‬ػِ‪ْ ٠‬ر‪ َ٤‬جُٔػحٍ ‪٘ٛٓ :‬غ جٌجٌٓ‪ ٞ‬ػ٘ىٓح ‪ ٍُ٘٣‬ػطحء ئُ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٛ‬كق ‪٣ٝ‬و‪ ّٞ‬ج‪٬ًٝ ٟ‬ء‬
‫ك‪ ٢‬جٌُِٔٔس جُؼٍذ‪٤‬س جُٓؼ‪ٞ‬و‪٣‬س ًٍُِٗحش ج‪٧‬ؾ٘ر‪٤‬س ك‪ً٘ ٢‬ىج أ‪ ٝ‬أٍٓ‪ٌ٣‬ح أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ ٖ٤ٛ‬ذٍٗجء ‪ًٛ‬ج‬
‫جُؼطحء ‪ٝ‬ج‪٬٠٫‬ع ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ٘طؿحش جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذس ‪ٞٓٝ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش ًَ ٓ٘طؽ ٓؼ‪ ٖ٤‬غْ‬
‫ذؼى يُي ‪٣‬و‪ٌٓ ًَ ّٞ‬طد أ‪ َ٤ًٝ ٝ‬ذٔهح‪٠‬رس جًٍُٗحش جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬ؼس ُ‪ ًٜٙ‬جًٍُٗحش ‪ ٝ‬جًُ‪ٞٛ ١‬‬
‫‪ُٜ َ٤ًٝ‬ح ‪ ٝ‬جًُ‪ ٞٛ ١‬أق‪٤‬حٗح هى ‪ُٜ َ٤ًٝ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫‬ح ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ْ٧‬طك‪ٛ‬حٍ ٓ٘‪ٜ‬ح ػِ‪ ٠‬ػٍ‪ ٜٝ‬ك٘‪٤‬س‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ػٍ‪ْ ٜٝ‬ؼٍ‪ ٚ٣‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُؿحٗد جُل٘‪ ٢‬ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش ‪ٓ ٝ‬ى‪ٓ ٟ‬طحذوس‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش ٍُِٗ‪ ٠ٝ‬جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذس ‪ ٝ‬ػحوز ض‪ٞٞ‬غ ك‪ِٓ ٢‬ق ‪ٝ‬جقى ‪ ٝ‬ػٍ‪ ٜ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٍٖ‪ ٠ٝ‬جُط‪٣ٌٞ‬ى ض‪ٞٞ‬غ ك‪ِٓ ٢‬ق آنٍ ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬غْ ‪٣‬و‪ ّٞ‬جُ‪ َ٤ًٞ‬ذطك‪ ًٙٛ َ٤ٛ‬جُؼٍ‪ٖٓ ٜٝ‬‬
‫جًٍُٗحش جُٓحٓكس ‪٣ ٝ‬و‪ ّٞ‬ذطوى‪ٜٔ٣‬ح ئُ‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬س جُط‪ٍ٠ ٢‬قص جُؼٍ‪ْٞ ٜ‬جء ًحٗص ؾ‪ٜ‬س‬
‫قٌ‪٤ٓٞ‬س أ‪ ٝ‬نح‪ٚ‬س‪٤ٟ٣ ٝ .‬ق ُ‪ ٚ‬ػٔ‪ُٞ‬س ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬هى ضٌ‪ ًٙٛ ٕٞ‬جُؼٔ‪ُٞ‬س ٓط‪ٛ‬لس ُِٓؼٍ‬
‫جًُ‪٣ ١‬ؼٍ‪ ٝ ٚٞ‬هى ضٌ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬كىو‪ٓ ٝ ٙ‬ؼٍ‪ٝ‬كس ك‪ ٢‬جُٓ‪ٞ‬م جًُ‪٣ ١‬ؼَٔ ن‪ ٝ ُٚ٬‬أً‪٤‬ى ُ‪ٚ‬‬
‫ٓ٘حكٓ‪ ٜٚٔ٣ ٝ ٖ٤‬جُك‪ ٍٞٛ‬ػِ‪ًٛ ٠‬ج جُؼٍ‪ ٝ ٜ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٢‬و‪ ّٞ‬ذطوى‪ ًٙٛ ْ٣‬جُؼٍ‪ ٜٝ‬ئُ‪٠‬‬
‫ُؿ٘‪ ٚ‬ك٘‪٤‬س ضٓٔ‪ُ ٠‬ؿ٘س جٍُٗجء ‪ ٝ‬ضطٌ‪ٜ٘ٓ ٖٓ ٕٞ‬ىْ‪ ٝ ٖ٤‬ك٘‪ٓ ٝ ٖ٤٤‬طه‪٣ ٖ٤ٛٛ‬و‪ٞٓٞ‬ج‬
‫ذطكِ‪ َ٤‬جُؼٍ‪ ٜ‬جُل٘‪ ٢‬أ‪ ٫ٝ‬هرَ جُ٘ظٍ ئُ‪ ٠‬جُؼٍ‪ ٜ‬جُٓؼٍ‪ ١‬أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُؿحٗد ج‪٩‬وجٌ‪١‬‬
‫ئيج ٌأ‪ٝ‬ج إٔ ج‪ ٌٞٓ٧‬جُل٘‪٤‬س ‪ technical affairs‬ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش أٗ‪ٜ‬ح ؾ‪٤‬ىز‪ .‬غْ‬
‫‪٘٣‬طوِ‪ٞ‬ج ذؼى يُي ئُ‪ ٠‬وٌجْس ػٍ‪ ٜٝ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ‪ ٝ‬قٓد ه‪ٞ‬جٗ‪ ٖ٤‬جُرِى جُٔؼ٘‪ ٝ ٠‬أق‪٤‬حٗح هى‬
‫ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬جُطؼِ‪ٔ٤‬حش ‪ ٝ‬جُ٘ظحّ ض٘‪ ٙ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أٗ‪٣ ٚ‬ؿد ج‪٫‬ػحو‪ ٙ‬ك‪ ٢‬قحُس ٓطحذوحش جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش‬
‫جُل٘‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ػِ‪ ٠‬أٗٓد ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ‪ ّ٤ُ ٝ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أهَ جُٓؼحٌ‪ًٍٖ .‬س ؿ‪ٌٜٞٗٓ ٍ٤‬ز ‪ ٝ‬ؿ‪ٍ٤‬‬
‫ٓؼٍ‪ٝ‬كس ٓ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحض‪ٜ‬ح جُل٘‪٤‬س ذحُكى ج‪٧‬وٗ‪ٓ ٠‬طحذوس ‪ ٝ‬هىٓص ْؼٍ ٓ٘هل‪ًٍٖ ٝ ٝ‬س ػحُٔ‪٤‬س‬
‫ٓٗ‪ٌٜٞ‬ز ‪ٓ ٝ‬ؼٍ‪ٝ‬كس ػحُٔ‪٤‬ح هىٓص ػٍ‪ ٜ‬ؾ‪٤‬ى ٌُ٘‪ ٚ‬أؿِ‪ ٠‬هِ‪ ٬٤‬ػ٘ى‪ٛ‬ح ٗؼَٔ ٓوحٌٗس ذ‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫‪ٓ ٝ . cost ٝ benefit‬غ ٓؼظْ جُى‪ ٝ ٍٝ‬ج‪ٗ٧‬ظٔس ضٔ‪ َ٤‬ئُ‪ٞٝ ٠‬غ جنط‪٤‬حٌ جُٓؼٍ‬
‫جُٔ٘حْد ‪ ّ٤ُ ٝ‬أهَ ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ذٍٗ‪ ٠‬إٔ ‪ِٓ ٌٕٞ٣‬ر‪ ٢‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش جُل٘‪٤‬س‪.‬‬

‫‪028‬‬
the statement of account: ‫مشف اىحضبة‬
At the end of every month or other agreed period a copy of the
entries is made on a statement of account, which tells the
purchaser the total sum owing for the period.

٢‫ جُط‬ٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫ؼَٔ ًٗق قٓحخ ذحُر‬٣ ‫ح‬ٜ٤ِ‫س ًَ ٓىز ٓطلن ػ‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٢‫ ك‬ٝ‫ٍ أ‬ٜٖ ًَ ‫س‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٢‫ك‬
٢‫حتغ جُط‬ٟ‫س ٓكىوز ٓوحذَ جُر‬٤َ٘ٓ ‫ ٓىز‬٢‫ح وكغ ٓرحُؾ ك‬ٜ٤ِ‫طٍضد ػ‬٣ ًْ ٍٟ‫ضهرٍ جُٔٗط‬
.ٚ‫ِط‬ٚٝ

packing list: ‫قبئَخ اىجضبعخ اىَعذح ىيشحِ و تنىُ عيى اىتغييف‬

The number, weight and volume of parcels, crates, etc. in which
goods are packed for shipment.

٢‫حتغ جُط‬ٟ‫قؿْ جُر‬ٝ ٕ‫َج‬ٝ٧‫ج‬ٝ ّ‫ٌهح‬٧‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ٗر‬ٝ ‫ق‬٤ِ‫ جُطـ‬٠ِ‫ح ػ‬ٜ‫ؼ‬ٟٗ ‫ جُوحتٔس‬ًٙٛ ‫ػحوز‬
.ٚ‫ِط‬ٚٝ

‫طِغ‬ٟٗ ٢ٌُ ‫ جُكِوحش جُوحوٓس‬٢‫ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‬٠ِ‫ًج جُوىٌ ػ‬ٜ‫ جُطِرس ذ‬٢‫ أػُجت‬٢‫ٌٗطل‬
ٚ‫ط‬٣‫ٌػح‬ٝ ‫ قلع هللا‬٢‫ٖ وٓطْ ك‬٤‫ يُي جُك‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬.‫ٍجش‬ٛ‫ جُٔهط‬ٝ‫ ذؼ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
.ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬ٝ

029
 ‫ٍحبضرح اىضبثعخ عشر‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٢‬جُطِرنس أ‪ٛ‬ن‪ْٝ ٬‬ن‪ ٬ٜ‬ذٌنْ كن‪ ٠‬جُكِونس جُٓنحذؼس ػٗنٍ ٓنٖ ٓنحوز ٍٓجْن‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬نس‬
‫ذحُِـننس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬ننس‪ٝ .‬ضطٍه٘ننح كنن‪ ٠‬جُٔكح‪ٞ‬ننٍز جُٓننحذوس جُنن‪ ٠‬ذؼنن‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬ننطِكحش ‪ٝ‬ذؼنن‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬غننحتن جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬ننس ‪ٝ‬ػ٘ح‪ٜ٘٣ٝ‬ننح ‪ٓٝ‬ننحيج ضؼ٘نن‪ٓٗٝ ٠‬ننطٌَٔ جُ‪٤‬نن‪ ّٞ‬ذؼنن‪ ٝ‬ج‪٫‬نط‪ٛ‬ننحٌجش ُطِنني‬
‫جُٔلح‪ٝ ْ٤ٛ‬جُ‪ٞ‬غحتن ‪ٌٍٝٞٝ‬ز جُٔؼٍكس ‪ٝ‬ج‪ٞ٫‬ط‪٬‬ع ػِ‪ ٠‬ضِي جُٔهط‪ٍٛ‬جش ‪ ٚٗ٫‬ذحُٔٓطورَ‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف ٗو‪ ّٞ‬ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد ذحْطهىجّ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُٔهط‪ٍٛ‬جش‪.‬‬

‫كحٍُْننحتَ جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬ننس ذحُِـننس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬ننس ضٌنن‪ ٕٞ‬ك‪ٜ٤‬ننح ضِنني ج‪٫‬نط‪ٛ‬ننحٌجش غحذطننس ق‪٤‬ننع جٗنن‪ٚ‬‬
‫ٓطؼننحٌف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ننح ػحُٔ‪٤‬ننح ذنن‪ ٖ٤‬ؾٔ‪٤‬ننغ جُٔطؼننحِٓ‪ ٖ٤‬كنن‪ ٠‬جُٔؿننحٍ جُطؿننحٌ‪ٝ ٟ‬ذحُطننحُ‪ ٠‬ذننىٍ ًطحذننس‬
‫جٌُِٔننحش ًحِٓننس ‪ٝ‬جُؿِٔننس ًحِٓننس ٗونن‪ ّٞ‬ذٌطحذننس ‪ٛ‬ننً‪ ٙ‬جٍُٓنن‪ َٞ‬ػِنن‪ ٠‬جػطرننحٌ جٕ ضِنني جٍُٓنن‪َٞ‬‬
‫ٓطؼحٌف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ٓٝ‬ىًٌس ٖٓ هرَ جُؿٔ‪٤‬غ‪.‬‬
‫فعلى سبيل المثال‪:‬‬
‫ػ٘ىٓح ‪٣‬و‪ ّٞ‬جُطر‪٤‬د ‪ٌ٣ٝ‬طد جُؼ‪٬‬ؼ ك‪ ٢‬جُ‪ٚٞ‬لس جُطر‪٤‬س ‪٤ٚ ٟ٫‬ىُ‪ٌ٣ ٠‬طد ُ‪ٚ‬‬
‫ٓهط‪ٍٛ‬جش ‪ٝ‬جُ‪٤ٛ‬ىُ‪ٓ٣ ٠‬طط‪٤‬غ جٕ ‪٣‬ل‪ ًٙٛ ْٜ‬جُٔهط‪ٍٛ‬جش ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٠‬و‪ ّٞ‬ذ‪ٍٛ‬ف جُى‪ٝ‬جء‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُؼ‪٬‬ؼ ‪ٝ‬ئػطحت‪ًًُ ٚ‬ي جُ‪ٚٞ‬لس جُطر‪٤‬س‪ٗ.‬لّ جُٗ‪ ًَ ٢‬ؾٔحػس ٓهط‪ ٖ٤ٛ‬ذٔؿحٍ ٓؼ‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫ُ‪ٓ ْٜ‬هط‪ٍٛ‬جض‪ ْٜ‬جُٔطؼحٌكس ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ذ‪ٝ ْٜ٘٤‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ضل‪ ٢‬ذحُـٍ‪ًٛٝ ٜ‬ج ‪٣‬ؼَٔ ػِ‪ ٠‬ض‪ٞ‬ك‪ٍ٤‬‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬هص ‪ٝ‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬ى ‪ٝ‬جُطٌِلس أ‪ٟ٣‬ح‪.‬‬

‫‪ٗٝ‬كٖ ‪٘ٛ‬ح ٗؼَٔ ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬ح ‪ ٠ٔٓ٣‬ذو‪٤ٟ‬س جُطِٔ‪ُِ ١٤‬طٍم جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ‪ٝ‬ج‪٩‬ؾٍجءجش ك‪ٔ٤‬نح ‪٣‬طؼِنن‬
‫ذحٍُٔجْ‪٬‬ش جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ْ‪ٞ‬جء ك‪ٔ٤‬نح ‪٣‬طؼِنن ذحُطنحٓ‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُط‪ٛ‬نى‪ ٍ٣‬أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ْ٫‬نط‪ٍ٤‬جو أ‪ ٝ‬جُطهِن‪ٙ٤‬‬
‫ػِ‪ ٠‬جُر‪ٟ‬حتغ ج‪ ٝ‬جُؿٔحٌى جُ‪ ٠‬جنٍ‪.ٙ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٖٓ ٠‬جُ‪ ٌٍٟٟٝ‬ػُ‪٣‬نُ‪ ٟ‬جُطحُند جٕ ضٌن‪ِٓ ٕٞ‬نْ ذ‪ٜ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُٔهط‪ٛ‬نٍجش ‪ٓٝ‬نحيج ‪٣‬ؼ٘ن‪٠‬‬
‫ًَ ٓهط‪ٓٝ ٍٛ‬ح‪ٓ ٠ٛ‬ططِرحش ‪ًٛ‬ج جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِف‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُ‪٤‬ي هحتٔس ذحُٔهط‪ٍٛ‬جش ٍٓضرس جذؿى‪٣‬ح ٖٓ‪A‬جُ‪:Z٠‬‬

‫‪Abbreviations used in business‬‬

‫‪A.1‬‬ ‫)‪first-class (ship in Lloyds register‬‬

‫‪a.a.r.‬‬ ‫)‪Against all risks (insurance‬‬
‫جُطأٓ‪ٞ ٖ٤‬ى ؾٔ‪٤‬غ جُٔهح‪ٍ٠‬‬
‫‪acc.‬‬ ‫‪Account‬‬
‫قٓحخ‬
‫‪a/d‬‬ ‫‪After date‬‬
‫‪031‬‬
‫م‬٣ٌ‫ذؼى جُطح‬
a.m. Ante meridiem (before noon)
ٍٜ‫هرَ جُظ‬
Amt. Amount
‫س‬٤ًٔ
B/F bill of exchange
‫حُس‬٤‫جٌُٔر‬
B/L bill of lading
ٖ‫ْ٘ى جُٗك‬
B/P bill (s) Payable
‫ْ٘ى هحذَ جُىكغ‬
B/R bill(s) receivable
ْ٤ِٓ‫ٍ هحذِس ُِط‬٤‫جض‬ٞ‫ك‬
Bro(s) brother(s)
ٕ‫ج‬ٞ‫ أن‬ٝ‫أل أ‬
Cat. Catalogue
‫ؼ‬ُٞ‫ًحضح‬
C.F. Cost and freight
ٖ‫ جُٗك‬ٝ ‫جُطٌِلس‬
Chq Cheque
‫ي‬٤ٖ
c.i.F. Cost, insurance, freight
ٖ‫ٖ جُٗك‬٤ٓ‫ضأ‬ٝ ‫جُطٌِلس‬
c/n credit note
ٖ‫جٖؼحٌ جُىجت‬
Co. Company
‫ًٍٖس‬
C/o care of
‫ى‬٤ُٓ‫س ج‬٣‫ُؼ٘ح‬
C.o.D cash on delivery
ْ٤ِٓ‫جُىكغ ػ٘ى جُط‬
Cr.
ْ‫ٖ وجت‬٣‫و‬
c.w.o. Cash with order
030
‫جُىكغ ػ٘ى جُطِد‬
D/A documents against acceptance
‫جكوس‬ُٞٔ‫ ج‬ٝ ٍٞ‫غحتن جُور‬ٝ
D/O delivery order
ْ٤ِٓ‫أٍٓ جُط‬
Doz doze
ُٕ٣ٌ‫و‬
E.ando.E. errors and omissions expected
‫نطحء‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ ٙ‫جه‬ُٞ٘‫جْطػ٘حء ج‬
Esq. Esquire
ٍّ‫جُٔكط‬
Enc(s) enclosures
‫جٍُٔكوحش‬
F.a.q free a long side quay
‫ق‬٤ٍُٚ‫ْ ج‬٤ِٓ‫ض‬
f.a.s. Free along side ship
ٍ٣‫ى‬ٛ‫٘حء جُط‬٤ٓ ‫ق‬٤ٌٚ ْ٤ِٓ‫ض‬
Fyi for your information
‫ٓحضي‬ِٞ‫ُٔؼ‬
Fiq for information only
١‫ٓحش كو‬ِٞ‫ُِٔؼ‬
F.o.b free on board
‫ٍ جُرحنٍز‬ٜ‫ْ ظ‬٤ِٓ‫جُط‬
f.o.r free on rail
‫ى‬٣‫ْ جٌُٓس جُكى‬٤ِٓ‫ض‬
f.o.s. Free on steamer
‫ْ جُرحنٍز‬٤ِٓ‫ض‬
f.o.t. Free on truck
‫ْ جُٗحق٘س‬٤ِٓ‫ض‬
G.M.t. Green which mean time
ٕ‫٘ط‬٣ٍ‫ص ؿ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫ض‬
Inv. Invoice
‫ٌز‬ٞ‫كحض‬
Ltd . Limited liability Company
032
‫ِس‬٣ٞ‫وز جُٔٓث‬ٝ‫ًٍٖس ٓكى‬
l.c. Letter of credit
‫ٌْحُس جػطٔحو‬
Messrs Messieurs (fr.)
‫جُٓحوز‬
N.B. Nota been
‫قظس‬٬ٓ
p.a. Per annum
‫ٌَُ ْ٘س‬
p.t.o please turn over
‫لكس‬ُٛ‫ذٍؾحء جهِد ج‬
p.o.D payment on delivery
ْ٤ِٓ‫جُىكغ ػ٘ى جُط‬
Qlty. Quality
‫وز‬ٞ‫جُؿ‬
Qty. Quantity
‫س‬٤ٌُٔ‫ج‬
Rp replay paid
‫جػحوز جُىكغ‬
R.s.v.p steamer ship
‫٘س ذحنٍز‬٤‫ْل‬
Str. Street
‫ٖحٌع‬
s.s. Steamer ship
‫٘س ذحنٍز‬٤‫ْل‬
Via by way of, through
ٍ٬‫ن‬
v.i.p. Very important person
‫ْ ؾىج‬ٜٓ ٙ‫ٖه‬
Vol. Volume
ْ‫جُكؿ‬
V.p. Vice-president
ّ٤‫ٗحتد جٍُت‬

033
‫‪ًٌٛ‬ج أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس ٗأض‪ ٠‬جُ‪ ٠‬نطحّ جُ‪ٞ‬قىز جٍُجذؼس ‪ٗ ٝ‬رىأ ج‪ ٕ٥‬ك‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬قىز جُهحٓٓس ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُط‪ ٠‬ضط‪ ٖٟٔ‬أٗ‪ٞ‬جع جٍُْحتَ جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ‪ْٞ ٝ‬ف ٗرىأ ذح‪ً٧‬ػٍ ٖ‪ٞ٤‬ػح ‪ ٝ‬جْطهىجٓح ‪ ٝ‬ضٓٔ‪٠‬‬
‫ٌْحتَ ج‪٩‬ػ‪.ّ٬‬‬

‫‪034‬‬
 ‫‪Unit Five‬‬
‫‪Kind of business letters‬‬

‫‪Letters of enquiry‬‬
‫ٌْحتَ ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ّ٬‬‬

‫‪Most business transactions begin with an enquiry. An enquiry can‬‬

‫‪be made by telephone, through the internet or by postcard. If you‬‬
‫‪need more information, you will need to write a letter of enquiry.‬‬

‫أ‪ٚ ١‬لوس أػٔحٍ ضرىأ وجتٔح ‪ ٝ‬أذىج ذح‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ .ّ٬‬أٗنص ضٍ‪٣‬نى إٔ ضركنع ػنٖ جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نس ‪ ٝ‬ػنٖ‬
‫ٓ‪ٞ‬ج‪٤ٞ‬غ ٓكىوز ٓػَ أ‪ ٖ٣‬ض‪٘ٛ‬غ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حتغ ‪ٓ ٝ‬ح ‪ٞٓ ٠ٛ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُر‪ٟ‬نحتغ ‪٤ً ٝ‬ل‪٤‬نس‬
‫‪ ٍٞٚٝ‬ضِي جُر‪ٟ‬حتغ ئُ‪ٓ ٝ ٢‬ح ‪ ٠ٍٖٝ ٢ٛ‬جُىكغ ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٝ ٠‬أ‪ ٟ‬وٌؾس جغن ذ‪ ًٜٙ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حتغ‬
‫‪ٓ ٝ‬ننح ‪ٛ‬نن‪ ٞ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬هننق جُٔ‪ٞ‬ؾنن‪ٞ‬و ػ٘ننى‪ ٟ‬ج‪ٓ ٝ ٕ٥‬ننح ‪ٛ‬نن‪ٓ ٠‬ططِرننحض‪ ٝ ٠‬أ‪ٗ ٟ‬نن‪ٞ‬ع ٓننٖ جُر‪ٟ‬ننحتغ‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف أ‪ِ٠‬د ‪ٓ ٝ‬ح ‪ ٠ٛ‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬س جُط‪ْ ٠‬طً‪ٝ‬وٗ‪ ٠‬ذ‪ ًٜٙ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس‪ٛ ًَ .‬نً‪ ٙ‬ج‪ْ٧‬نثِس ػرنحٌز ػنٖ‬
‫ٓؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ق‪٤‬ع ضرىأ نط‪ٞ‬ز ذهط‪ٞ‬ز ‪ًٛ ًَ ٝ‬ج ‪٣‬كطنحؼ جُن‪ ٠‬نطن‪ ١‬ػٔنَ ‪ً ٝ‬نَ ‪ٛ‬نًج أ‪ٟ٣‬نح‬
‫‪٣‬طْ ٖٓ ن‪ٌْ ٍ٬‬حتَ ج‪ْ٧‬طؼ‪.ّ٬‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬كنن‪ً ٠‬ننَ جُ‪ٞ‬قننىجش جُٓننحذوس ضططٍه٘ننح جُنن‪٤ً ٠‬ل‪٤‬ننس ًطحذننس جٍُْننحتَ ‪ ٝ‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬ننس جٍُْننحتَ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٌٓ‪ٗٞ‬حش جٍُْحتَ ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٚ٧‬ط‪٬‬قحش جُط‪ٌٔ٣ ٠‬نٖ جْنطهىجٓ‪ٜ‬ح كن‪ ٠‬جٍُْنحتَ ‪ٓ ٝ‬نح ‪ٛ‬ن‪ ٠‬جُر٘ن‪ٞ‬و‬
‫جُٔ‪ٜٔ‬ننس كنن‪ ٠‬جٍُْننحتَ ‪ ٝ‬كنن‪ٛ ٠‬ننً‪ ٙ‬جُ‪ٞ‬قننىز ٗرننىج كنن‪ ٠‬ج‪٠٧‬نن‪٬‬ع ػِنن‪ ٠‬أ‪ٛ‬ننْ أٗنن‪ٞ‬جع جٍُْننحتَ‬
‫جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س‪.‬‬
‫ٓؼظنْ جُ‪ٛ‬ننلوحش جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬ننس ضرننىأ ذأْننطؼ‪ ٝ ّ٬‬هننى ‪ٌ٣‬نن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬ننٖ ننن‪ ٍ٬‬جُط‪٤ِ٤‬لنن‪ ٕٞ‬أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ننٖ ننن‪ٍ٬‬‬
‫ج‪ٗ٧‬طٍٗص أ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُرطحهحش جُرٍ‪٣‬ى‪٣‬س كحيج ً٘ص ضٍ‪٣‬نى جُك‪ٛ‬ن‪ ٍٞ‬ػِن‪ٓ ٠‬ؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نحش أًػنٍ‬
‫‪ٝ‬ز ضل‪٬٤ٛ‬ش أًػٍ أٗص ذكحؾس جُ‪ ٠‬إٔ ضٌطد ٌْحُس جْطؼ‪.ّ٬‬‬

‫‪Status enquiry‬‬
‫قحُس أ‪ٌْ ٌَٖ ٝ‬حُس ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ّ٬‬‬

‫‪It's a business letter of confident all nature, usually sent by a‬‬

‫‪supplier to business references: banks, chamber of commerce or‬‬
‫‪names of references, to be sure of the buying capacity of a‬‬
‫‪prospective buyer specially if he wishes to buy on credit for the‬‬
‫‪first time.‬‬

‫‪035‬‬
‫‪ ٢ٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌْحُس أػٔحٍ يجش ‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس نح‪ٚ‬س ‪ٝ‬ػحوز ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرنَ جُٔنُ‪ٝ‬و ُؿ‪ٜ‬نس أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٍٓؾغ ي‪ ٝ‬أػٔحٍ أ‪ٝ‬ؿٍكس ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س أ‪ ٝ‬أ‪ ١‬ؾ‪ٜ‬س أنٍ‪ٓ ٟ‬ؼ‪٘٤‬س قط‪ ٠‬ضطحًى ٖٓ ٓوىٌز ‪٠ ٝ‬حهس‬
‫جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح جيج أٌجو إٔ ‪ٗ٣‬طٍ‪ ٟ‬ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬طحّ جُنى‪ ٖ٣‬جُنً‪٣ ٟ‬نىكغ ‪٫‬قونح نح‪ٚ‬نس ‪ٍٝ٧‬‬
‫ٍٓز‪.‬‬

‫‪Status enquiry may be making on the following points:‬‬

‫‪-standing of a firm‬‬
‫ٓ‪٘ٛ‬غ جًٍُٗس‬
‫‪-Reputation of a firm‬‬
‫ْٔؼس ‪ٍٜٖ ٝ‬ز جًٍُٗس‬
‫‪-Character, moral standing of a person‬‬
‫ْٔحش ‪ ٝ‬أن‪٬‬ه‪٤‬حش ٖه‪ٓ ٙ‬ؼ‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫‪-Financial standing of a person or a firm‬‬
‫جًٍُُٔ جُٔحُ‪٠‬‬

‫‪ًٌٛ ٝ‬ج أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس ٗأض‪ ٠‬جُ‪ ٠‬نطحّ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُكِوس ػِ‪ ٠‬جَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس جُوحوٓس‬
‫جٕ ٖحء هللا جُ‪ ٠‬يُي جُك‪ ٖ٤‬وٓطْ ك‪ ٠‬قلع هللا ‪ٌ ٝ‬ػح‪٣‬ط‪ٝ .ٚ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ذًٍحض‪.ٚ‬‬

‫‪036‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبٍْخ عشر‬
‫ثضٌ هللا اىرحَِ اىرحيٌ‬
‫أػُجت‪ ٢‬جُطِرس أ‪ ٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٢‬جُكِوس جُػحٓ٘س ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س‬
‫ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س ‪ٝ‬ضطٍه٘ح ك‪ ٢‬جُٔكح‪ٍٞ‬ز جُٓحذوس ئُ‪ٌْ status enquiry ٠‬حُس‬
‫ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪.ّ٬‬‬
‫‪ ٠ٛٝ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌْحُس أػٔحٍ يجش ‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس نح‪ٚ‬س أ‪٣ٍْ ٝ‬س ػحوز ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و‬
‫ئُ‪ ٠‬ؾ‪ٜ‬حش أ‪ ٝ‬أػٔحٍ أ‪٘ٓ ٝ‬ظٔحش ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ٓػَ جُر٘‪ٞ‬ى ‪ٝ‬جُـٍف جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س ‪ٝ‬أْٔحء ٍٓجؾغ‬
‫ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ك‪ٓ ٢‬ؿحٍ ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ‪.‬قط‪ ٠‬ضطأًى ٖٓ هىٌز جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬جُٔ٘طظٍ نح‪ٚ‬س ئيج ًحٕ ‪ٟٞ٘٣‬‬
‫جٍُٗجء ‪ٍٓ ٍٝ٧‬ز ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬ظحّ ج‪٫‬تطٔحٕ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٢‬أٗح ٓ‪٘ٛ‬غ ضوىّ ئُ‪ ٠‬ذحتغ أ‪ٗٓ ٝ‬طٍ‪ٓ ٟ‬ؼ‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫ٖٓ ذِى ٓؼ‪ٓ ّ٤ُ ٖ٤‬ؼٍ‪ٝ‬ف ذحُ٘ٓرس ئُ‪٣ٍ٣ٝ ٠‬ى جٍُٗجء ذ٘ظحّ ج‪٫‬تطٔحٕ ٖ‪ ٢‬ذى‪ ٢ٜ٣‬جنً‬
‫ج‪٫‬قط‪٤‬ح‪ ٠‬جٌُحَٓ ‪ٝ‬جْطؼِْ ػٖ ‪ًٛ‬ج جُٗه‪٠ٝ ٙ‬رؼح ك‪ِ٠ ٢‬ر‪ c .v ٍَْ٣ ٞٛ ٚ‬ػٖ ٗلٓ‪ٚ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ػٖ ػِٔ‪ٓٝ ٚ‬غ ٖٓ ‪٣‬طؼحَٓ ‪ ٖٓٝ‬ن‪ْٝ ٍ٬‬حتِ‪ ٢‬جْطط‪٤‬غ إٔ جْطؼِْ ػٖ ‪ًٛ‬ج جُٗه‪ٙ‬‬
‫‪ٓٝ‬ى‪ ٟ‬غوط‪ ٢‬ك‪ٓٝ ٚ٤‬ى‪٠ ٟ‬ر‪٤‬ؼس ػِٔ‪ٝ ٚ‬جقطٔحٍ جُٔهح‪ ٍ٠‬جُط‪ ٌٖٔ٣ ٢‬إٔ ضطٍضد ػِ‪ ٠‬يُي‬
‫‪ َٛٝ‬أػط‪ ٚ٤‬ذ‪ٟ‬حػس ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٫‬تطٔحٕ أّ ‪ ًٙٛ ًَ ٫‬ج‪ ٌٖٔ٣ ٌٞٓ٧‬إٔ أُؿح ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح‬
‫‪ٍٓ ٍٝ٧‬ز‪.‬‬

‫‪Good relationship will establish between them and all party even‬‬
‫‪supplier and buyer should keep this relationship.‬‬
‫ق‪٤‬ع ض٘ٗأ ػ‪٬‬هس قٔ‪ٔ٤‬س ٓح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُرحتغ ‪ٓٝ‬ح ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٝ ٟ‬ذحُطحُ‪ٛ٣ ٢‬رف ٓؼٍ‪ٝ‬كح ُى‪ٚ٣‬‬
‫‪ٍٓ ٍٝ٧ ٌُٖٝ‬ز ‪٣ٍ٣‬ى جٍُٗجء ذ٘ظحّ ج‪٫‬تطٔحٕ ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬ذكحؾس ئُ‪ ٠‬ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ ّ٬‬ػ٘‪ ٚ‬هرَ‬
‫جُطؼحَٓ ٓؼ‪ ٌٖٔ٣ٝ ٚ‬إٔ ِٗؿأ ئُ‪ًٛ ٠‬ج جُؼَٔ ك‪ ٢‬جُكح‪٫‬ش جُطحُ‪٤‬س‪:‬‬
‫‪Status enquiry may be making on the following points:‬‬
‫‪1- Standing of a firm‬‬
‫ٓ‪٘ٛ‬غ جًٍُٗس‬
‫‪2- Reputation of a firm‬‬
‫ْٔؼس جًٍُٗس‬
‫‪3- Character, mural standing of the person‬‬
‫ْٔحش ‪ ٝ‬أن‪٬‬ه‪٤‬حش ٖه‪ٓ ٙ‬ؼ‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫‪4- Financial standing of a person or a firm‬‬
‫جًٍُُٔ جُٔحُ‪٢‬‬
‫ذ٘حءج ػِ‪ ٠‬يُي ٗٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ٗوىٌ جُكحُس ‪ٗ ٝ‬وٌٍ إٔ ٍَْٗ ُ‪ ٚ‬ذ‪ٟ‬حػس ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٫‬تطٔحٕ‬
‫ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ‪ٍٓ ٍٝ٧‬ز أ‪ٓ ٝ ُٚ ٍَْٗ ٫ ٝ‬ح ‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جُؼ‪٬‬هس جُط‪ْٞ ٢‬ف ضطْ ذ‪٘٘٤‬ح ‪ ٝ‬ذ‪.ٚ٘٤‬‬

‫‪037‬‬
 Sales related enquiry
‫ّ جٍُٗجء‬٬‫جْطؼ‬

A letter sent from the buyer to the seller to obtain detailed

information about the goods or service. The buyer usually sends a
letter of enquiry to ask for:
- The supply and the availability of goods
‫حػس‬ٟ‫كٍ جُر‬ٞ‫ ض‬ٟ‫ ٓى‬ٝ ‫ى‬٣ُٝ‫وس جُط‬٣ٍ٠
- Leaflets, catalogue or samples
‫ؾحش‬ُٞ‫ جٌُطح‬ٝ ‫٘حش‬٤‫جُؼ‬
- Quotation or price
ٌ‫ْؼح‬٧‫ ج‬ٍٜٝ‫ػ‬
- Term of payment, discount, delivery dates
ْ٤ِٓ‫ػى جُط‬ٞٓ ٝ ‫ٓحش‬ٞٛ‫ جُه‬ٝ ‫ جُىكغ‬٠ٍٖٝ
:‫اصتعالً اىشراء‬

‫س‬٤‫ٓحش ًحك‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬٠ِ‫َ ػ‬ٛ‫ك‬٣ ٠‫ جُرحتغ قط‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٍٟ‫ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌْحُس ضٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ جُٔٗط‬
‫ح‬ٜ٤‫طِد ك‬٣ ‫ ٌْحُس‬ٍٟ‫ٍَْ جُٔٗط‬٣ ‫ ػحوز‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٛ‫ى ٍٖجؤ‬٣ٍ٣ ٢‫جُهىٓحش جُط‬ٝ ‫حتغ‬ٟ‫ػٖ جُر‬
.‫قحؾحش ٓكىوز‬

First enquiry
‫ٍ ٍٓز‬ٝ٧ ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ج‬

If a prospective buyer approaches the supplier or the first time, it

is advisable to include.
‫ف إٔ جٍُْحُس‬ٛ٘٣ ‫ٍ ٍٓز‬ٝ٧ ‫٘غ‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫و أ‬ُُٝٔ‫َ ذح‬ٛ‫ جُٔ٘طظٍ جض‬ٍٟ‫ئيج ًحٕ جُٔٗط‬
:٢‫ض‬٧‫ٖٔ ج‬ٟ‫ضط‬
-The source of information from which you obtained his name.
‫ؾحش‬٬‫٘غ غ‬ٛ‫حٗغ (ًٍٖس ض‬ُٛ‫ جْْ ج‬٠ِ‫ح ػ‬ٜ٤‫ِص ك‬ٛ‫ ق‬٢‫ٓحش جُط‬ِٞ‫ىٌ جُٔؼ‬ٛٓ ٖ٤‫أٗص ضر‬
‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ ٖٓ ذِى نحٌؼ هطٍ ج‬ٝ ‫ٍ ٍٓز‬ٝ٧ ‫ح‬ٜ‫ى إٔ أضؼحَٓ ٓؼ‬٣ٌ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫ أٗح ًٔٗط‬ٝ ‫ٌز‬ٜٞٗٓ
‫ك٘ح‬ٞٝ‫ ًٔح أ‬٢‫ ٌْحُط‬٢‫ٖ ك‬٤‫ؿد إٔ أذ‬٣ ٢ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ء‬٢ٖ ٠٘‫ؼٍف ػ‬٣ ٫ ‫٘غ‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬٢ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ
ٖٓ ٝ‫س أ‬٣ٌ‫ جُـٍف جُطؿح‬ٝ‫ٍ جُٓلحٌز أ‬٬‫جء ٖٓ ن‬ْٞ , ْٚٔ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬٢ُٞٛ‫س ق‬٤‫ل‬٤ً ‫ْحذوح‬
ٝ ٍٟ‫طٔحّ جُٔٗط‬ٛ‫ ج‬ٟ‫ٖ ٓى‬٤‫ إٔ ضر‬ٝ .ٖ٤ٓ‫ح‬ٟٓ ٝ ٢ٗ‫ح ٓؼح‬ُٜ ًٙٛ ‫رؼح‬٠ ٝ ٍٜ‫ٍ جُٔؼ‬٬‫ن‬
٠ُ‫ٔثٖ أٗح ئ‬٠‫ وٌؾس أ‬ٟ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ؼس جُٔٗط‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٖ‫ ػ‬ٍٟ‫ ذأن‬ٝ‫وس أ‬٣ٍ‫ٌز ذط‬ٞٚ ٌّ‫ضؼ‬
ٍٟ‫ًج جُٔٗط‬ٛ
038
- Some indication to the market in your area.
ٖ‫ٓإٍٖجضي ػ‬ٝ ‫جػى‬ٝ ٞٛ َٛ ‫ ٓ٘طوطي‬٢‫م ك‬ُٞٓ‫ٍ ج‬ٞ‫ جُٔإٍٖجش ق‬ٝ‫ٖ ذؼ‬٤‫ؿد إٔ ضر‬٣
ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٢ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ٬‫ف ٓٓطور‬ٟ‫ط‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٢ٖ ًَ ٕ٫ ‫حوهس‬ٚ ٌٕٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫م‬ُٞٓ‫ج‬
٢‫ح ك‬ٜ٘٤‫ضر‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٌٜٓ‫ذى إٔ ضؼ‬٫ٝ ‫م‬ُٞٓ‫س ػٖ ج‬٤ِ‫ٌجضي جُٔٓطور‬ٞٛ‫طؼِن ذط‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫حوم ك‬ٚ ٌٕٞ‫ض‬
.ٍٟ‫طٔحّ جًرٍ ٖٓ هرَ جُٔٗط‬ٛ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫َ ػ‬ٛ‫ضك‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ؿؼِي ؾًجخ أًػٍ ًٔٗط‬٣ ٚٗ٧ ‫جٍُْحُس‬
It is helping you to make yourself attractive as a buyer.
The kind of goods you are interested in, and details of what you
would like the supplier to send you, (Catalogue, price list, samples
… Etc).
‫ؾحش‬ُٞ‫رؼع ُي ٓػَ ًطح‬٣ ٕ‫و أ‬ُُٝٔ‫ى ٖٓ ج‬٣ٍ‫ ٓحيج ض‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫طْ ذ‬ٜ‫ ض‬٢‫حػس جُط‬ٟ‫س جُر‬٤‫ػ‬ٞٗ ٢ٛ‫ٓح‬
.‫٘حش‬٤‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ٌ‫ْؼح‬٧‫ هحتٔس ج‬ٝ
- A conclusion or notes of hopes that price and terms are
competitive.
٠ٍُٝٗ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫ؼط‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٝ ٌ‫ْؼح‬٧‫ٍ ج‬ٞ‫ ق‬ِٚٓ‫ ضأ‬١ًُ‫ ج‬ٝ‫قظحضي أ‬٬ٓ ٝ‫ جْط٘طحؾحضي أ‬٢ٛ ‫ٓح‬
‫ٓوحٌٗس ٓغ‬ٝ ٍ٤‫س ٓوحٌٗس ٓغ جُـ‬٤ُ‫س ػح‬٤ٓ‫ٌْ٘ يجش هىٌز ض٘حك‬٤‫هس ذ‬٬‫ ضؿؼَ جُؼ‬٢‫ جُط‬ٍٟ‫ن‬٧‫ج‬
.‫ح‬ٜ‫ك‬ٞٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ٌٞٓ٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ًَٝ .ٖ٤ٓ‫جُٔ٘حك‬
‫ح‬ٚٞٛ‫ن‬ٝ ‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫٘غ أ‬ُٛٔ‫طٔحّ ج‬ٛ‫ج‬ٝ ‫جكوس‬ٞٓٝ ‫ق‬٠‫ى إٔ ضٌٓد ضؼح‬٣ٍ‫ ض‬ٍٟ‫أٗص ًٔٗط‬
.‫ٍ ٍٓز‬ٝ٧ َٓ‫ئيج ً٘ص ضطؼح‬
ٍٟ‫ جُطحُد أٗص ًٔٗط‬١ُ٣ُ‫ ضًًٍ ػ‬.ٌ‫ػطرح‬٫‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ح ذؼ‬ًٛ‫ؿد إٔ ضأن‬٣ ٌٞٓ٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ًَ
‫ٓ٘حكٓس‬ٝ ‫ِد‬٠ٝ ٖ‫كٍ َذحت‬ٞ‫ ظَ ض‬٠‫ك‬ٝ ‫و‬ُٝٓٝ ‫٘غ‬ٛٓ ‫٘حى‬ٛ ‫ى‬٤‫ق‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬١‫ّ كو‬٤ُ
‫طٔحّ ذٍْحُطي‬ٛ٬ُ ‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫٘غ أ‬ُٛٔ‫ ضو٘غ ج‬٠‫ قط‬٠ِ‫خ ٓ٘ي أػ‬ِٞ‫ٌ جُٔط‬ٝ‫رف جُى‬ٛ٣ ‫ىز‬٣‫ٖى‬
.(General ّ‫وجء جُؼح‬٧‫ ج‬٠ِ‫٘ؼٌّ ػ‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫ًج‬ٛٝ ‫ي ذٍٓػس‬٤ِ‫ جٍُو ػ‬٢ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ
performance)

First enquiry:

In case of routine enquiries, it is not necessary to give a lot of

information as what you do in the first enquiry. A short enquiry or
a postcard that briefly points out your particular interest can do
this.

ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ٓحش ًحك‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬٠‫ح إٔ ضؼط‬٣ٌٍٝٞ ّ٤ُ ‫س‬٤٘٤‫ض‬ٍُٝ‫ّ ج‬٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫طؼِن ذٍْحتَ ج‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫أٓح ك‬
ٝ .‫س‬٤٘٤‫ض‬ٌٝ ‫س‬٤ِٔ‫رف ػ‬ٛ‫ح ض‬ٜٗ٧ ‫غ‬٤ٞ‫ج‬ُٞٔ‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٍٞ‫ق‬full details ‫ِس‬٣ٞ٠ ٝ ‫س‬٣ٌٍٝٞ
ٝ‫س أ‬٣‫ى‬٣ٍ‫ ٌَٖ ذطحهس ذ‬٠ِ‫ٍز ػ‬٤ٛ‫ ه‬ٝ ‫طس ؾىج‬٤ٓ‫ّ ذ‬٬‫ًج ذٍْحتَ جْطؼ‬ٛ َٔ‫ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ٗؼ‬
039
 ‫ذٍه‪٤‬س ضٗ‪ ٍ٤‬ئُ‪ِٛٓ ٠‬كطي جُٔكىوز ذٔؼ٘‪ ٠‬جٗي ضٓطهىّ ٌْحُس ٌ‪ٝ‬ض‪٤٘٤‬س ه‪ٍ٤ٛ‬ز‪ٗ٧ ,‬ي‬
‫أ‪ٚ‬ركص ٓؼٍ‪ٝ‬كح ُى‪ ٝ ٚ٣‬أ‪ٚ‬رف ‪٘ٛ‬حى ٓٓط‪ ٖٓ ٟٞ‬جُػوس ‪ ٖٓٝ‬جُٔؼٍكس ذ‪٘٤‬ي ‪ ٝ‬ذ‪ٝ ٚ٘٤‬‬
‫ذحُطحُ‪ ٢‬أٗص ضٓطهىّ ٓح ‪ ٠ٔٓ٣‬ذح‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ ّ٬‬جٍُت‪.٢ٓ٤‬‬

‫‪To make writing letters of this type easier. Divide your letter into‬‬
‫‪three main paragraphs.‬‬
‫قط‪ ٠‬ضٌطد ٌْحتَ ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ ّ٬‬ذٓ‪ُٜٞ‬س ‪ ٝ ٍٓ٣ ٝ‬ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ِْٓس هْٓ ٌْحُطي ئُ‪ ٠‬غ‪٬‬غس‬
‫أهٓحّ‪ ,‬ضًً‪ٞ‬ج هحػىز ‪ ٝthree paragraphs rule‬جُط‪ ٢‬ضؼِٔحٗ‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ً ٢‬طحذس جٍُْحتَ‬
‫جُؼحٓس‪.‬‬

‫‪Ordinary enquiry‬‬
‫ٌْحتَ ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ ّ٬‬جُؼحو‪٣‬س‬

‫?‪Mention briefly how did you hear about the firm you are writing‬‬
‫‪Addresses can generally be obtained from the following sources:‬‬
‫جيًٍ ذحنط‪ٛ‬حٌ ً‪٤‬ق ْٔؼص ػٖ جُٔإْٓس (ٓإْٓس جُ‪ٛ‬حٗغ) جُط‪ ٢‬ضٍ‪٣‬ى إٔ ضٌطد ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ضك‪ َٛ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ػ٘‪ٞ‬جٗ‪ٜ‬ح ٖٓ جُٔ‪ٛ‬حوٌ جُطحُ‪٤‬س‪:‬‬
‫‪the newspapers‬‬ ‫‪ -‬جُ‪ٛ‬كق‬
‫‪directors‬‬ ‫‪ٓ -‬كًٍحش جُركع‬
‫‪consulates‬‬ ‫‪ -‬جُٔٓطٗحٌ‪ٕٝ‬‬
‫‪international fairs‬‬ ‫‪ -‬جُٔؼحٌ‪ ٜ‬جُى‪٤ُٝ‬س‬
‫‪General catalogue‬‬ ‫‪ -‬جٌُطحُ‪ٞ‬ؾحش جُؼحٓس‬
‫‪trade magazines‬‬ ‫‪ -‬جُٔؿ‪٬‬ش جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س‬
‫‪trade associations‬‬ ‫‪ -‬جُ٘وحذحش جُطؿحٌ‪٣‬س‬
‫‪Yellow pages -‬‬

‫ًَ ‪ ًٙٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ‪ْٝ‬حتَ ضٍ‪٣ٝ‬ؿ‪٤‬س ‪ ًًٌٞٓ ٌٕٞ٣ ٝ‬ك‪ٜ٤‬ح أْٔحء جًٍُٗحش جُ‪ٛ‬حٗؼس ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جُٔ‪ٞ‬جو جُط‪٘ٛ٣ ٢‬ؼ‪ٜٗٞ‬ح ‪ ٝ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش جُل٘‪٤‬س ُِٔ٘طؿحش ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٢‬ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ‬
‫ضهطحٌ ‪ ٝ‬ذ‪ُْٜٞ ٝ ٍٓ٤‬س جًٍُٗس جُٔ٘حْرس ‪ ٝ‬ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ضوٍ‪٣‬رح ػ٘ىى كٌٍز ػٖ ‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس‬
‫ٓ٘طؿحض‪ٜ‬ح ‪٠ ٝ‬ر‪٤‬ؼس ٓ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش ٓ٘طؿحض‪ٜ‬ح ‪ٌ ٝ‬ذٔح أق‪٤‬حٗح ضؼط‪٤‬ي ضلح‪ details َ٤ٚ‬ق‪ٍٞ‬‬
‫ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪٤ٞ‬غ‪ ٝ .‬جُ‪ٞٓ ّٞ٤‬ؾ‪ٞ‬و ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪ٗ٩‬طٍٗص ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضىنَ ئُ‪ٞٓ ٠‬جهغ جًٍُٗحش‬
‫ذٓ‪ُٜٞ‬س ‪ ٝ .ٍٓ٣ ٝ‬ضٓطط‪٤‬غ جًٍُٗحش ٖٓ ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُطؿحٌز ج‪ٌُ٩‬طٍ‪٤ٗٝ‬س إٔ ضهرٍ ػٖ ٗلٓ‪ٜ‬ح‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ػٖ ٓ٘طؿحض‪ٜ‬ح ‪٤ً ٝ‬ل‪٤‬س ض٘ل‪ ً٤‬جُطِرحش ‪٤ً ٝ‬ل‪٤‬س ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ ٝ ّ٬‬ج‪ْ٫‬طلٓحٌ‪.‬‬

‫‪041‬‬
You can exchange the data and the information between the buyer
and the manufactured. In this paragraph, you may include:
:٢ِ٣ ‫ٖٔ ٓح‬ٟ‫ؿد إٔ ضط‬٣ ‫ جُلوٍز‬ًٙٛ
A short paragraph about yourself pointing out your particular
interest. If necessary, indicate the state of the market.
ٝ ‫طٔحٓحضنني‬ٛ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ؼننس ػِٔنني‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٖ٤‫ ضرنن‬ٝ ‫ٌٔننٖ إٔ ضؼننٍف ٗلٓنني‬٣ ‫ننح‬ُٜ٬‫طس ٓننٖ ن‬٤‫كوننٍز ذٓنن‬
‫ كننايج‬.‫ح‬٣ٌٍٝ‫نن‬ٞ ‫م ئيج ًننحٕ يُنني‬ٞ‫ قحُننس جُٓنن‬٠‫ٍ ئُنن‬٤‫ؿنند إٔ ضٗنن‬٣ ٝ ‫ذننس‬ِٞ‫جُٔ٘طؿننحش جُٔط‬
‫ن٘غ‬ُٛٔ‫ ضؿؼنَ ج‬ٝ ‫ف ضهنىٓي‬ٞ‫وز ػ٘نىى ْن‬ٞ‫ؾن‬ُٞٔ‫م ج‬ُٞٓ‫ قحُس ج‬٠ُ‫ٖؼٍش إٔ ئٖحٌضي ئ‬
ٖ‫ع ٓن‬ٞ‫ ٗن‬١‫٘حى أ‬ٛ ‫رف‬ٛ٣ ٫ ٠‫س قط‬٤ِٔ‫غ جُؼ‬٣ٍٓ‫ّ ذط‬ٞ‫و‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٝ ‫س ُي‬ٚ‫س نح‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬٠‫ؼط‬٣
.‫ؼس ػِٔي‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٝ ‫ي‬٠‫ٓحش ػٖ ٗٗح‬ِٞ‫ جُٔؼ‬ٝ‫ ذؼ‬٠‫َ إٔ ضؼط‬ٟ‫ل‬٣ ٝ ٍ٤‫جُطأن‬
ٖ‫ى ٓن‬٣‫ جُؼى‬ٝ ٚٓ‫طٔح‬ٛ‫ ج‬ٝ ٚ‫ل‬٠‫ى إٔ ضٌٓد ضؼح‬٣ٍ‫هلي كأٗص ض‬ٞٓ ٟٞ‫غ إٔ ضو‬٤‫٘ح ضٓطط‬ٛ ٖٓ ٝ
.ٚ‫ح ٓؼ‬ٛ‫ ضؼوى‬٢‫لوحش جُط‬ُٛ‫ٍ ج‬٬‫ُجش ٖٓ ن‬٤ُٔٔ‫ج‬
You should determine the current situation of your market.
According to your feeling about what is the important thing that
increases your project, which you should take decision on it.
Examples:

-Your embassy here in Amman has advised us to get in touch with

you…
...........ٌْ‫َ ذ‬ٛ‫كط٘ح إٔ ٗط‬ٛٗ ٖٔ‫ ػ‬٢‫٘ح ك‬ٛ ٌْ‫ْلحٌض‬
-we refer to the visit of our representative to you stand at -
Torino international fair…
ٌٞ‫٘س ض‬٣‫ ٓى‬٢‫ ك‬٢ُٝ‫ جُى‬ٍٜ‫ جُٔؼ‬٢‫ ؾ٘حقٌْ جُىجتْ ك‬٠ُ‫حٌز ٓٔػِ٘ح ئ‬٣َ ٠ُ‫وز ئ‬ٞ‫ذحُؼ‬
..........ٞ٘٣
- Your firm has been recommending to us that you are
manufacturers of …
.......‫ىز ُـ‬٤‫ق‬ُٞ‫ح جًٍُٗس ج‬ٜٗ‫٘ص أ‬٤‫ ذ‬ٝ‫ص أ‬ٚٝ‫ٓإْٓطٌْ أ‬
- We have seen your advertisement in the world of commerce …
.......... ‫س‬٤ُٝ‫ ٓؿِس جُطؿحٌز جُى‬٢‫ٌْٗ ك‬٬‫٘ح ئػ‬٣‫ٌأ‬
-we are indebted with thanks to the commercial attache in -
your embassy for providing us with your esteemed name
and address…
‫ننس‬٣ٌ‫ ٓننغ ِٓكوننطٌْ جُطؿح‬١ٌ‫ننحٍ جُطؿننح‬ٛ‫ض‬٫‫ ج‬ٝ‫هننحش أ‬٬‫ ذؼٔننن ُِؼ‬ٝ ‫ٖ ؾننىج‬٣ًٍ‫ٗكننٖ ٖننح‬
‫نحٌجش‬ٜ‫ذ‬٫‫ع ٓنٖ ج‬ٞ‫نؼص ٗن‬ٞٝ ‫٘نح‬ٛ ‫جٌْٗ (كأٗنص‬ٞ‫ ػ٘ن‬ٝ ٌْٔ‫وض٘٘نح ذحْن‬َٝ ‫نح‬ٜٗ٧ ‫ذحُٓلحٌز‬
040
ٚ‫ِف ٓؼ‬ٛ٣ ٍٟٗ‫ جُؿّ٘ جُر‬ٝ ‫س‬٣ٍٗ‫ؼس جُر‬٤‫ًج جُؼَٔ ٓكرد كحُطر‬ٛ ٝ َٓ‫س جُطؼح‬٤ُ‫ آ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
ٍٝ٧ َ‫ح ئيج ً٘نص ضطؼحٓن‬ٚٞٛ‫ٍ جُٓكٍ ن‬ٞ‫ح ٓلؼ‬ُٜ ٌٕٞ٣ ٝ ‫رس‬٤‫ جٌُِٔس جُط‬ٝ ‫ٍجء‬٠٩‫ج‬
ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ًَ a good image about your organization ٌّ‫ى إٔ ضؼ‬٣ٍ‫ أٗص ض‬.‫ٍٓز‬
.‫ىز‬٤‫ح ٗظٍز ؾ‬ُٜ ٍ‫٘ظ‬٣ ٝ ٌ‫ف ضوى‬ْٞ ٌٞٓ٧‫ج‬
- We invite quotations for the supply of …
.........‫ىٗح خ‬٣ُٝ‫ أْؼحٌ ُط‬ٍٜ‫ٗكٖ ٗطِد ػ‬
- We have heard of your products through …
....... ٍ٬‫ْٔؼ٘ح ػٖ ٓ٘طؿحضٌْ ٖٓ ن‬

- We are Al- Masry co. the largest spare parts distributors in

Jordan …
........ ‫ ضطؼحَٓ ٓغ‬٢‫ ٖٓ أًرٍ جًٍُٗحش جُط‬١ٍُٛٔ‫ٗكٖ ًٍٖس ج‬
‫ نِوننص‬ٝ ‫ٌز‬ٞ‫نن‬ٚ ‫ننص‬٤‫٘ننح أٗننص أػط‬ٛ ٍ‫ ٓؿننحٍ آننن‬١‫ أ‬ٝ‫ أ‬٬‫حٌجش ٓننػ‬٤‫ننحٌ جُٓنن‬٤‫( هطننغ ؿ‬
‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ٖ ج‬ٛ‫ ي‬٢‫ٍ ك‬ٝ‫جٗطرحع أ‬
You are creating first impression in the mind of the
manufacturer about yourself so he will give you a high
attention.
‫ؿند‬٤‫ جُطحُند ك‬١ُ‫ن‬٣ُ‫ ػ‬ٚ‫ ٌُنٖ جٗطرن‬ٝ ‫ضي‬ٞ‫ن‬ٚ ّ‫ؿد إٔ ضؼٌن‬٣ ٝ ‫ْ ؾىج‬ٜٓ ًِٚ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ
.)‫ىم‬ُٛ‫ ج‬٠ٌ‫ ضك‬ٝ ‫حوهح‬ٚ ٌٕٞ‫إٔ ض‬
-We are most interested in household appliances…
…..ٌْ‫ ٖٓ نرٍض٘ح ذٔ٘طؿحض‬ٝ ٌْ‫وحش ٓ٘طؿحض‬٤‫ٖ ٖٓ ضطر‬٣ٌٍٝٓٓ ٖ‫ٗك‬
.‫ٔس ؾىج‬ٜٓ ٌٕٞ‫ٌ ْط‬ٞٓ٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ًَ

‫ٓحش‬ِٞ‫طؼِن ذحُركع ػٖ ٓؼ‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫أٓح ك‬

Asking for information

The details state simply and clearly what you would like your
prospective supplier to send you.
ٕ‫ أ‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٟ‫إو‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫ًج‬ٛ ًَ ٝ ‫ـ‬ٞٞٝ ٝ ‫س‬٠‫ؿد إٔ ضًًٍ ذرٓح‬٣ ‫ح‬ٜ‫ؼط‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٝ َ٤ٚ‫جُطلح‬
.‫وق ذؿحٗري‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ج‬
Examples:
- will you please send us your catalogue and the price list for …
...........٠ُ‫ْؼحٌ ئ‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ ٍٜٝ‫ هحتٔس جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ؼ‬ُٞ‫ِطْ ذاٌْحٍ جٌُطح‬ٟ‫ ضل‬ٝ ْ‫ ْٔكط‬ُٞ

042
- Please send us a Performa invoice for the following at your
most competitive prices…
........‫س‬٤ٓ‫ٕ أْؼحًٌْ ض٘حك‬ٌٞ‫ٖ إٔ ض‬٤٤٘ٔ‫س ٓط‬٤ُٝ‫ٌز أ‬ٞ‫ج ُ٘ح كحض‬ٞ‫ ْٔكطْ جذؼػ‬ُٞ
- Kindly give us your lowest prices for …
.......ٌ‫ْؼح‬٧‫ٌؾحء ئػطحت٘ح هحتٔس ػٖ ج‬
- We would appreciate a sample of each of the items listed
above…
- Could you please send us your current catalogue and price
list for…?
- I would appreciate more details …
- We would like to know what trade discount you allow…
- We normally affect payment by letter of credit…

‫ جُكِونس‬٢‫ أٓنَ جُِونحء ذٌنْ كن‬٠‫ جُكِونس ػِن‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ‫نس‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫نَ ئُن‬ٛٗ ‫ٌنًج‬ٛ ‫ جُطِرنس‬٢‫أػُجت‬
ٚ‫ط‬٣‫ ٌػح‬ٝ ‫ قلع هللا‬٢‫ٖ وٓطْ ك‬٤‫ يُي جُك‬٠ُ‫جُوحوٓس ئٕ ٖحء هللا ئ‬
.ٚ‫ ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬ٝ

043
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىتبصعخ عشر‬
‫ثضٌ هللا اىرحَِ اىرحيٌ‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٢‬جُطِرس أ‪ ٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٢‬جُكِوس جُطحْؼس ػٍٗ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س‬
‫ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ ,‬ض‪ٞ‬هل٘ح ك‪ ٢‬جُكِوس جُٓحذوس ػ٘ى ‪ِ٠‬د جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ‪ٝ‬جُطلح‪ َ٤ٚ‬ػٖ‬
‫جُٔ٘طؿحش جُٔؼ‪٘٤‬س ‪٣ٝ asking for information‬ؿد إٔ ‪ِ٠ ٌٕٞ٣‬ر٘ح ُِٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ‪ٔ٣‬طحَ‬
‫ذحُططٍم ُِطلح‪ َ٤ٚ‬جُ‪٣ٌٍٟٝ‬س ‪٠ٝ‬ر‪٤‬ؼس ‪ِ٠‬ر٘ح ‪ٔ٣‬طحَ ذحُرٓح‪٠‬س ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ٞٞٞ‬ـ ‪ٝ‬ق‪٤‬ع ٗ‪ٖٟٔ‬‬
‫ضؼح‪ ٕٝ‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ‪ٝ‬جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ ٓؼ٘ح ‪٣ٝ‬أنً ج‪ٛ٫‬طٔحّ جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬خ ٍُْحُط٘ح‪.‬‬

‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٠ٝ ١ٔٗ the style of writing ٢‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جٌُطحذس ‪٠ٝ‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جُؿِٔس جُط‪٣ ٢‬ؿد إٔ‬
‫ٗرىأ ذ‪ٜ‬ح ٌْحُط٘ح ‪ٟٗٝ‬ؼ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ِٗٝ‬طُّ ذ‪ٜ‬ح ْ‪ُٜ ٌٕٞ٤‬ح جُٔلؼ‪ ٍٞ‬جُٔإغٍ ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬ى‪ ٟ‬ضؿح‪ٝ‬خ‬
‫جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ ٓؼ٘ح ‪ْٝ‬رن إٔ أ‪ٞٝ‬ك٘ح ذؼ‪ ًٙٛ ٝ‬ج‪ٓ٧‬ػِس ‪ُ٘ٝ‬رىأ ذ نٍ ؾِٔس غحُػس‬
‫هرَ ج‪٧‬ن‪ٍ٤‬ز‪:‬‬
‫…‪-I would appreciate more details about‬‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف أً‪ٓ ٕٞ‬وىٌج ُ‪ ٞ‬ذؼػطْ ُ٘ح جُطلح‪ َ٤ٚ‬ق‪.........ٍٞ‬‬
‫‪-we would like to know what trade discount you allow….‬‬
‫ٍٗ‪٣‬ى إٔ ٗؼٍف ٓح ‪ٓٗ ٢ٛ‬رس جُه‪ ْٛ‬جُطؿحٌ‪ ١‬جُط‪ ٢‬ضؼط‪ٛٞ‬ح أ‪٠ ٝ‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جُه‪ٓٞٛ‬حش‪.‬‬
‫…‪-we normally effect payment by letter of credit‬‬
‫ٓح ‪٠ ٢ٛ‬ر‪٤‬ؼس ٌْحُس ج‪٫‬ػطٔحو؟‬
‫أوالً‪:‬‬
‫‪ٜٗ٧‬ح ٌِٓلس ذحُ٘ٓرس ُ٘ح ك‪٤‬ؿد إٔ ضر‪ٛ ًَ ٖ٤‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُطلح‪ٚ‬ن‪ًٝ َ٤‬نَ ‪ٛ‬نً‪ ٙ‬ج‪ٓ٧‬ن‪ٓ ٌٞ‬نٖ جؾنَ إٔ‬
‫ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ج‪ ٌٞٓ٧‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ذ‪٘٤‬س‬
‫حبّيب‪:‬‬
‫ضؼط‪ ٠‬جُػوس ُِٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ أ‪ ٝ‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ذحُ٘ٓرس ُي ‪ٝ‬ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ج‪ٝ ٌٞٓ٧‬ج‪ٞ‬كس ‪٣ٍٚٝ‬كس‪.‬‬

‫‪Closing‬‬
‫جُهحضٔس‬
‫;‪Usually a short paragraph is sufficient to close an enquiry‬‬
‫‪however, you could appreciate an early reply or a repeated hope to‬‬
‫‪get a competitive price.‬‬
‫‪ ٢ٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ كوٍز ه‪ٛ‬ن‪ٍ٤‬ز ضٌن‪ً ٕٞ‬حك‪٤‬نس قطن‪ ٠‬ض٘‪ٜ‬ن‪ٌْ ٠‬نحُس ج‪ْ٫‬نطؼ‪ٝ ّ٬‬ػِن‪ ٠‬أ‪٣‬نس قنحٍ‬
‫ذآٌحٗنني إٔ ضٌطنند كنن‪ ٢‬جُهحضٔننس (ْنن‪ٞ‬ف ٌٗنن‪ٖ ٕٞ‬ننحًٍ‪ٓٝ ٖ٣‬وننىٌ‪ْ٬ُ ٖ٣‬ننطؿحذس جُٓننٍ‪٣‬ؼس‬
‫ٍُْحُط٘ح ‪ٝ‬آِٓ‪ ٖ٤‬جُك‪٘ٓ ٍٞٛ‬ي ػِ‪ ٠‬أْؼحٌ ٓ٘حكٓس)‪.‬‬

‫‪044‬‬
Examples:
-We are looking forward to hearing from you very soon.
.ٌٖٔٓ ‫هص‬ٝ ‫ جُٓٔحع ٓ٘ي ذأٍْع‬٠ُ‫ٗكٖ ٗططِغ ئ‬
-we hope that this would be an opening for an intimate business
relationship between our firms.
ٖ٤‫هس أػٔحٍ وجتٔس ٓح ذ‬٬‫هحٓس ػ‬٩ ‫س ٓرحًٌس‬٤‫ٕ يُي ػرحٌز ػٖ جكططحق‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ أ‬٢٘ٔ‫أض‬
.‫ٓإْٓحض٘ح‬
- waiting your earliest reply.
.ٍٔ‫ أقٍ ٖٓ جُؿ‬٠ِ‫جذٌْ جُٔرٌٍ ػ‬ٞ‫ٕ ؾ‬ٍٝ‫ٓ٘طظ‬
-If your price and terms prove to be competitive, we shall be in
opposition to place a substantial order.
‫هحش‬٬‫ٌٔ٘٘ح ٖٓ ئهحٓس ػ‬٣ ‫غ‬ٞٝ ٢‫ٕ ك‬ٌٞٗ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫أْؼحًٌْ ٓ٘حكٓس‬ٝ ٌْ٠ٍٖٝ ‫ئيج ًحٗص‬
٠ِ‫جْغ ٌُْ ػ‬ٝ ‫م‬ُٞٓ‫رف ج‬ٛ٣ ٢ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫حش‬٤‫ِر‬٠ ‫ػىز‬ٝ ‫ٍز‬٤‫حش ًر‬٤ًٔ ‫ِد‬٠ٝ ٌْ‫وجتٔس ٓؼ‬
١٤‫كن ضهط‬ٝ ‫٘غ‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫و أ‬ُُٝٔ‫ى ؾًخ ج‬٣ٍ‫ض‬ٝ ‫َ (كأٗص ضلطف ٗحكًز‬٣ٞ‫ جُط‬ٟ‫جُٔى‬
.......‫ٗي‬٧ ُٚ ‫ٍٓذف ذحُ٘ٓرس‬ٝ ْٜٓ ٕٞ‫ٕ َذ‬ٌٞ‫ع ض‬٤‫)ذك‬٢‫ؿ‬٤‫جْطٍجض‬
You will buy many times and in the long run so the total profit
from the dealing with you will become very important.
.ٍ‫ؼس جُٓك‬٤‫ر‬٠ ‫ح‬ُٜ ٌٕٞ٣ ٢ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ٠٘‫ٓحيج ضؼ‬ٝ ‫ؼس جُؿِٔس‬٤‫ر‬٠ ‫قع‬٫
-We shall be grateful for an early reply.
.‫ ئؾحذس ٓرٌٍز‬١٧ ٖ٣ٌ‫ ٓوى‬ٝ ‫ٖ ؾىج‬٣ًٍ‫ٕ ٖح‬ٌٞٗ ‫ف‬ْٞ

-We shall be very grateful for any assistance you can

give us in this matter.
‫س‬٤ٟ‫ جُو‬ًٜٙ‫طؼِن ذ‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ح ك‬ٛٞٓ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ضوى‬٣ ‫ ٓٓحػىز‬١‫ أ‬٠ُ‫ٖ ؾىج ئ‬٣ًٍ‫ٕ ٖح‬ٌٞٗ ‫ف‬ْٞ
.ٍٙ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫ع ئ‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ يُي ج‬ٝ‫أ‬

045
Example:

Al Bank Al Saudi Al hollandi

Mr. Sharif Hamwi
Amman training college date: 12/11/2002
R.O.BOX: 484
Amman Jordan
Dear Sir,
Mr. Ahmed Naji, whom we intend to hire, has introduced your
name as a person reference.
We would gratefully appreciate your advice about his moral
standing, character and suitability for employment with us.
Thanking you in advices for your valued co-operation, and
looking forward to your reply with interest.
Yours faithfully
Waseem Imran
Manager
Status enquiry: from a bank to a reference about person
character.

space ‫ٍجش جُٓحذوس جُـ‬ٞ‫ٍ جُٔكح‬٬‫ٖ ًٔح ضؼِٔ٘ح ن‬٤ٔ٤ُ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬date ‫م‬٣ٌ‫ جُطح‬: ‫الحظ‬
.ٍٚ‫ جُؼ٘ح‬ًُٜٙ order ‫د‬٤‫ جُطٍض‬ٝ each item ٍٛ٘‫ٖ ًَ ػ‬٤‫ذ‬
١ًُ‫د ج‬٤‫ قٓد جُطٍض‬ٝ ‫ ٌْحُس‬١‫ ًطحذس أ‬٠ِ‫ٕ هحوٌج ػ‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫ جُطحُد‬١ُ٣ُ‫ػ‬
.ٚٗ‫ضؼِٔح‬
:‫ّص اىرصبىخ‬
ُٚ٬‫َ ٖٓ ن‬ٛ‫ٗك‬ٝ ‫ ٍٓؾغ‬ٝ‫ ٌٖف جٌْْٔ ًٍؾَ أ‬ٝ‫ هىّ أ‬١ًُ‫ ج‬٠‫ٓٓطٍ أقٔى ٗحؾ‬
ٚ‫حض‬٤‫ه‬٬‫ٍ أن‬ٞ‫كطٌْ ُ٘ح ق‬٤ٛٗ ‫ز‬ٞ‫ٖ ذو‬٣ٌ‫ٕ ٓوى‬ٌٞٗ ‫ف‬ْٞٝ .‫ٓحش ػ٘ي‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
ْ٤‫ٌْٗ جُو‬ٝ‫ٖ ٌُْ ٓوىٓح ُطؼح‬٣ًٍ‫ق ٓؼ٘ح ٖح‬٤‫ظ‬ٞ‫ ُِط‬ٚ‫ ٓ٘حْرط‬ٟ‫ٓى‬ٝ ٚ‫ْٔحض‬ٝ ٚ‫ؼط‬٤‫ر‬٠ٝ
ٖٓ ‫ يُي ذحُ٘ٓرس ُ٘ح‬ِٚ‫ٔػ‬٣ ‫ٓح‬ٝ ‫طٔحّ ذحُؾ‬ٛ‫ ٌْحُط٘ح ذح‬٠ِ‫ جٍُو ػ‬٠ُ‫ٗططِغ ئ‬ٝ ٍٔ‫جُٔػ‬
.‫ٍز‬٤‫س ًر‬٤ٔٛ‫أ‬
‫لس‬٤‫ظ‬ٝ ٠ُ‫ٖ ضوىّ ئ‬٤‫ ٓؼ‬ٙ‫ع ٖه‬٤‫ّ ق‬٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ع ٖٓ ٌْحتَ ج‬ٞٗ ٖ٤‫ جٍُْحُس ضر‬ًٙٛ
‫ؼص‬ٞٝ ٢‫ْٔحء جُط‬٧‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ ذؼػص ٌْحُس ئ‬ٙ‫ًج جُٗه‬ٛ ‫ح‬ُٜ ّ‫ ضوى‬٢‫س جُط‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬ٝ ‫٘س‬٤‫ٓؼ‬
ٝ ‫ْ ٌْحُس‬ُٜ ‫ ٗكٖ ٗرؼع‬٢ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ُٚ references ‫ ٍٓجؾغ‬ٝ‫ٖ أ‬٤‫ ًٔؼٍك‬ٙ‫جُٗه‬
ٙ‫ىم جُٗه‬ٚ ٟ‫ ٓى‬ٝ ‫لس‬٤‫ظ‬ُِٞ ٙ‫ًج جُٗه‬ٛ ‫ ٓ٘حْرس‬ٟ‫ ٓى‬ٝ ْٜ٣‫س ٌأ‬٤ٔٛ‫ْ ذأ‬ًًٍٛٗ
046
ٕ‫غ أ‬٤‫ْ) ٗٓطط‬ٜ‫ْ (ٌْحُط‬ٜ‫كط‬٤ٛٗ ٠ِ‫ ذ٘حء ػ‬ٝ .‫س ٖٓ ذ٘ي‬ٜ‫ؾ‬ٞٓ ٢ٛٝ .‫لس‬٤‫ظ‬ُِٞ ّ‫جُٔطوى‬
.٫ ّ‫ ٗوٌٍ يُي أ‬ٝ ‫ظق‬ٞ٤ْ ١ًُ‫ ج‬ٙ‫ جُٗه‬٠ُ‫ قى ٓح ئ‬٠ُ‫ٗطٔثٖ ئ‬
Example :ٍ‫ًج ٓػحٍ آن‬ٛ ٝ
Abed Ali Mustafa
Tailor
Prince moly d St. Hajjeer Market
P.O.BOX 20074.Tel 21696
Date: 5th Oct. 1999
Messrs Quella international
Europas crosstes wersandham
8150 Furth 500
Dear Sirs,
I visited your stand at Frankfurt international exhibition and I
was very interested in your display of fashion wear catalogues.
I should be grateful if you send us a proforma incoide for up-to-
date men-suits fashion catalogues for the winter 2000.
Looking forward to hearing from you very soon.
Yours faithfully,
Samah Mohad
Manager

Enquiry for quella catalogues.

)items( ٍٚ‫ٖ جُؼ٘ح‬٤‫طْ ذَٔء جُلٍجؿحش ذ‬ٜٗ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣
:‫ّص اىرصبىخ‬
ٌٍْٞ‫وس ػ‬٣ٍ‫طْ ؾىج ذط‬ٜٓ ‫ً٘ص‬ٝ ‫ٌش‬ٞ‫٘س كٍجٌٗل‬٣‫ ٓى‬٢‫ ك‬٢ُٝ‫ٌْ جُى‬ٍٞ‫أٗح يٌش ٓؼ‬
‫ؼس‬٤‫وز ُطر‬ٞ‫ جُؿ‬ٟٞ‫ٓٓط‬ٝ ‫ي‬٣‫س جُٓحتىز ُى‬ُٞٞٔ‫ؼس ج‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٖ٤‫ ضر‬٢‫ؾحش جُط‬ِٞ‫جٌُط‬ٝ
ٖٟٔ‫س)ضط‬٤‫س (جذطىجت‬٤ُٝ‫ٌز أ‬ٞ‫ٕ ٓٔطٖ ؾىج ئيج أٌِْطْ ُ٘ح كحض‬ًٞ‫ف أ‬ْٞٝ ٌْ‫ٓ٘طؿحض‬
.ٌٖٔٓ ‫هص‬ٝ ‫ٓططِغ إٔ ٗٓٔغ ٓ٘ي ذأٍْع‬ٝ ‫س جُٔطؼِوس ذحٍُؾحٍ ْ٘س‬ُٞٞٔ‫ج‬
: ‫الحظ‬
‫طؼِن‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ًج ك‬ٛ ّ‫ذ‬٬ُٔ‫ؼس ج‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٖ٤‫ؾحش ضر‬ِٞ‫ٖٔ ًط‬ٟ‫ح ضط‬ٟ٣‫ّ أ‬٬‫ ٌْحُس جْطؼ‬ًٙٛ
.ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ذٍْحتَ ج‬
ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ ٌْحتَ ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬reply‫ٖٔ جٍُو‬ٟ‫ ضط‬٢‫جُط‬ٝ ‫قىز جُٓحوْس‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬٢‫ٗأض‬
.ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ ٌْحتَ ج‬٠ِ‫ؼس جٍُو ػ‬٤‫ر‬٠ ٌٕٞ‫ق ض‬٤ًٝ ٍٜٝ‫جُؼ‬ٝ

047
 Unit six
Replies to enquiries, quotations and offers

The reply to an enquiry provides the prospective buyer with the

request information. Progressive firms look upon an enquiry for
their goods as an opportunity that must not be missed; therefore,
the reply must be built up into a sale or a good will.
‫ؿد‬٣( ‫ذس‬ِٞ‫ٓحش جُٔط‬ِٞ‫ جُٔ٘طظٍ ذحُٔؼ‬ٍٟ‫و جُٔٗط‬ُٝ‫ّ ض‬٬‫ ٌْحُس جْطؼ‬ٟ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫جٍُو ػ‬
ٝ‫ٖ أ‬٤‫٘ؼ‬ًٛٔ ٖ‫ ئيج ٖؼٍٗح ٗك‬٫‫ جهَ ئ‬ٝ‫ّ أًػٍ أ‬٤ُ ‫ذس‬ِٞ‫ٓحش جُٔط‬ِٞ‫إٔ ٗرؼع ذحُٔؼ‬
.) ٙ‫ى‬٤‫ح هى ضل‬ٌُٜ٘ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫طِر‬٣ ُْ ٍٟ‫س جُٔٗط‬٤‫حك‬ٞ‫ٓحش ئ‬ِٞ‫٘حى ٓؼ‬ٛ ٕ‫ٖ أ‬٣‫و‬ُٝٓ
About the prospective buyer, we can say as a manufacturer or
supplier that this information will help him and increase the
relationship and facilities of relationship and can go more steps
forwards and complete the transaction between the two parts.
٠ُ‫ جُٔإْٓحش ضططِغ ئ‬ٝ .١‫ذس كو‬ِٞ‫ٓحش جُٔط‬ِٞ‫ذى إٔ ٗرؼع جُٔؼ‬٫ ّ‫ جُؼح‬٢‫ٌُٖ ك‬ٝ
ٝ‫ جٍُو أ‬٢ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫غ‬٤ٟ‫ ض‬٫‫ؿد أ‬٣ ‫س‬ٍٚ‫ح ك‬ٍٛ‫ ضؼطر‬٢‫جُط‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫حتؼ‬ٟ‫ّ ػٖ ذ‬٬‫ئٌْحٍ جْطؼ‬
‫ٌز‬ُٞٛ‫وس ضؼٌّ ج‬٣ٍ‫ ذط‬ٝ ‫ى‬٤‫ ذٌَٗ ؾ‬٠٘‫ؿد إٔ ضر‬٣ ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ ٌْحُس ج‬٠ِ‫ْطؿحذس ػ‬٫‫ج‬
first impression ٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ ضهِن ٓح‬٢ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫٘غ أ‬ُٛٔ‫ىز ػٖ ج‬٤‫س جُؿ‬٤ًُ٘ٛ‫ج‬
.ٍٟ‫ػ٘ى جُٔٗط‬
First impression about each part in the mind of the part is very
important because when we sit about crazy action there will be
exchanged.
exchange has many terms ٍ‫س جُطرحو‬٤ِٔ‫ ُؼ‬٠ٍٖٝ ‫٘حى ػىز‬ٛ
- There should be at least two parties and each part able to deal
with the other and has the authority to deal with the other.
.‫ْطؼىجو‬٫‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ جٍُؿرس‬ٝ ‫س جُِٓطس‬٣‫ٍف ُى‬٠ ًَ ٝ َ‫ه‬٧‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ٖ ػ‬٤‫ٍك‬٠ ‫و‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٝ ٖٓ ‫ذى‬٬‫ك‬
.‫ٍ إٔ أًٌحٕ جُطِد هى جًطِٔص‬ٞ‫غ إٔ ٗو‬٤‫غس ٗٓطط‬٬‫ٍ جُػ‬ٚ‫كٍش جُؼ٘ح‬ٞ‫ئيج ض‬ٝ
After this point each part like to take something value in the
mind of the other part, we exchange the value, exchange the
benefit of the product even physical product.
.‫ن‬٣ٞٓ‫ق جُط‬٣ٍ‫ًج ٖٓ ضؼ‬ٛ ٝ ‫ْ جُٔ٘طؿحش‬٤‫س ك٘كٖ ٗطرحوٍ ه‬٣‫ ًحٗص ٓ٘طؿحش ٓحو‬ُٞ ٠‫قط‬
Marketing is a social and administrate process that shoud be
met and need of our customer by producing the suitable product
and the product here means any team we can sell any team we
048
can market physical product, or service or information or data
or anything.
‫٘غ‬ٛٗ ٕ‫ى أ‬٣ٍٗ ٖ‫ ٗك‬٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ق ُِٔ٘طؽ‬٣ٍ‫ًج ػرحٌز ػٖ ضؼ‬ٛٝ ‫م‬ٞٓ٣ ٕ‫ٌٖٔ أ‬٣ ٢ٖ ٟ‫ج‬
.‫ع‬٣‫ جُكى‬٢‫و‬٣ٞٓ‫ّ جُط‬ٜٞ‫ جُٔل‬٠ِ‫جٍُؿرس ذ٘حء ػ‬ٝ ‫ٗرغ جُكحؾس‬٣ ١ًُ‫جُٔ٘طؽ ج‬
٫‫ؿد أ‬٣ٝ ‫ح‬ِٜ‫ؿد إٔ ٗٓطـ‬٣ ‫س‬ٍٚ‫ ك‬ًٜٙ‫ ك‬٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ ٌؿرس‬ٝ‫ى إٔ ٗٗرغ قحؾس أ‬٣ٍٗ ٖ‫ٗك‬
‫غ إٔ ٗهِن‬٤‫هحش ٗٓطط‬ٞ‫ جُٔؼ‬ٝ‫ىجش أ‬٣‫ى‬ٜ‫ جُط‬٠ِ‫ئيج جْططؼ٘ح إٔ ٗطـِد ػ‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫ؼ‬٤ٟٗ
.‫س‬ٍٚ‫ ك‬٠ُ‫ى ئ‬٣‫ى‬ٜ‫ٍ جُط‬ٞ‫ٗك‬ٝ ‫س‬ٍٚ‫ك‬
If we overcome the threat, we can convert the threat to new
opportunity.

In answering an enquiry satisfactorily, the seller should

consider the following points:

‫ضٗننرغ ٌؿرننس‬ٝ ّ٬‫ جْننطؼ‬ٝ‫ننس أ‬٤‫ِر‬٠ ٟ‫ ج‬٠‫ؾحذننس ػِنن‬٩‫غ ج‬٤‫ ضٓننطط‬٠‫ جُطحُنند قطنن‬١ُ‫ ن‬٣ُ‫ػ‬
:‫س‬٤ُ‫ جُطح‬٠‫طْ ذحُ٘وح‬ٜ٣ ٕ‫ جُرحتغ أ‬٠ِ‫ؿد ػ‬٣ ٚ‫ِر‬٠ ٠‫ضِر‬ٝ ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ذحػع ج‬
1- Expressions of thanks for the enquiry
.ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ ٌْحُس ج‬٠ِ‫ح ٌٍُِٗ ػ‬ٜٓ‫ى جْطهىج‬٣ٍ٣ ٢‫ٍجش جُط‬٤‫جُطؼر‬
2- The validity of the quotation.
ٕ‫ؿنند أ‬٣ ٌ‫ أْننؼح‬ٍٜ‫ننغ ػنن‬ٞٝ ‫ننى أٗننص ًرننحتغ‬٣ٍ‫ْننؼحٌ (ػ٘ننىٓح ض‬٧‫ ج‬ٍٜ‫س ػنن‬٤‫ننىجه‬ٛٓ
ٍٟ‫ءّ ٓنغ هنىٌجش جُٔٗنط‬٬‫نط‬٣ٝ ٢‫ٓ٘طون‬ٝ ٢‫جهؼن‬ٝٝ ‫ٓ٘حْند‬ٝ ‫ى‬٤‫ أْؼحٌ ؾ‬ٍٜ‫ضهطحٌ ػ‬
ٕ‫ٍ أ‬ٝ‫ُنًج قنح‬ٝ َ‫ٍى أْنؼحٌ جهن‬٤‫وىّ ؿ‬٤ْ ‫خ‬ِٞ‫ ٖٓ جُٔط‬٢ِ‫ؼص أْؼحٌ جػ‬ٞٝ ‫ٗي ئيج‬٧
) َ‫ٓػ‬٧‫ٍ ج‬٬‫ْطـ‬٫‫ح ج‬ِٜ‫ضٓطـ‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜٓ‫ضٓطهى‬
It is a good opportunity, new opportunity, tries to use it.

3- Details of the quoted price (packing, carriage, insurance,

delivery dates, discount, etc.)
ْ٤ِ‫ػنننى جُطٓننن‬ٞٓٝ ٖ٤ٓ‫جُطنننح‬ٝ َ‫جُ٘وننن‬ٝ ‫نننق‬٤ِ‫جُطـ‬ٝ َ‫ننن‬٤ٔ‫َ جُٔطؼِونننس ذحُٓنننؼٍ (جُطك‬٤‫ننن‬ٚ‫جُطلح‬
)‫ٓحش‬ٞٛ‫جُه‬ٝ
All items you should explain it in order to convince the buyer to
buy from you not others.
It is very easy if your power answer not agree with him, he will
switch off and go to other competitive especially at the
beginning so try to catch him and keep current customer by
using positive word of mouth.
049
 ‫جْطهىجّ ًِٔس جُلْ جُٔ٘ط‪ٞ‬هس ج‪٣٫‬ؿحذ‪٤‬س‬
‫‪4-Extract description of the goods through enclosures, booklets,‬‬
‫‪leaflets, catalouges, price list etc.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ٚ ٕٞ‬حوم ‪ٝ‬جٕ ضر‪ ٖ٤‬ؾٔ‪٤‬غ جُه‪ٛ‬حت‪ ٙ‬ج‪٣٫‬ؿحذ‪٤‬س ُٔ٘طؿي ‪ ٫‬ضط‪ٞ‬هغ إٔ‬
‫جُٔٗطٍ‪ُ ٟ‬ى‪ٓ ٚ٣‬ؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ًحك‪٤‬س‪,‬جػطرٍ إٔ جُٔٗطٍ‪٣ ٫ ٟ‬ؼٍف ٖ‪ ٢‬ػٖ ٓ٘طؿحضي‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬أٗص ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضٓ‪ٞ‬م ج‪٤ٖ٧‬حء جُرى‪٤ٜ٣‬س ‪ٝ‬جُٔل‪ٜٓٞ‬س ‪٤٘ٔٞ‬ح ك‪٘ٓ ٢‬طوس‬
‫جُٗؼ‪ٝ ٌٞ‬جُ‪ٖ٬‬ؼ‪ ٌٞ‬ك‪ ٢‬جُ٘لّ جُرٍٗ‪٣‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬أٗنح ًٔٓن‪ٞ‬م ٗنحؾف جْنطط‪٤‬غ إٔ أذ‪٤‬نغ ُنني ٓ‪٤‬نح‪ٝ ٙ‬جْنطط‪٤‬غ إٔ أٖنؼٍى إٔ جُٔ‪٤‬نح‪ٓ٤ُ ٙ‬ننص‬
‫ذحُٔؼ٘‪ ٠‬جًُ‪ ١‬ض٘ظٍ ئُ‪ ٚ٤‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جػطرحٌ أٗ‪ٜ‬ح ٓط‪ٞ‬كٍز ‪ٓ٤ُٝ‬ص يجش أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س ‪.‬‬
‫ٖٓ جُ‪ْٞ‬حتَ جُط‪ ٢‬جْطط‪٤‬غ إٔ جْطهىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ ٢‬يُي جُٔػحٍ ‪:‬‬
‫إٔ أه‪( ٍٞ‬جٖطٍ‪٤ٓ ٟ‬ح‪ْ ......ٙ‬طط‪ َ٤‬جُك‪٤‬حز)‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬جْطط‪٤‬غ إٔ أه٘ؼي ذأٗي ٖٓ ن‪ٍٖ ٍ٬‬ذي ُِٔ‪٤‬ح‪ْ ٙ‬ططكٖٓ ‪ٚ‬كطي ‪٣ُ٣ٝ‬ى‬
‫ػٍٔى ‪ٝ‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ح جْطط‪٤‬غ إٔ أه٘ؼي ذحٕ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُٔ‪٤‬ح‪ْٞ ٙ‬ف ضٔ٘غ جُطٗون ك‪ ٢‬جُ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٚ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُؿِى ‪crack on your skin or face‬‬

‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضؼط‪٤‬ي ٗ‪ٟ‬حٌز ‪ ًٙٛٝ‬كؼ‪ ٬‬قو‪٤‬وس هى ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ؿحترس ػ٘ح ك٘كٖ ٗكطحؼ ئُ‪ٖ ٠‬ه‪ٙ‬‬
‫‪ًًٍٗ٣‬ح ذٔٔ‪ُ٤‬جش جُٔ٘طؽ‪.‬‬
‫‪Some person remembers us about the advantages, which attract‬‬
‫‪the customer, by using catalogues leaflets, booklets, pricelist‬‬
‫‪etc.‬‬
‫ؾ‪ ٍٛٞ‬ػِٔ‪٤‬س جُطٓ‪٣ٞ‬ن ‪٤ً ٞٛ‬ق ضؿًخ جُُذ‪ٝ ٕٞ‬يُي ذحْطهىجّ جُ‪ْٞ‬حتَ جُٔهطِلس ٖٓ‬
‫ه‪ٞ‬جتْ ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ‪ٝ‬جٌُطحُ‪ٞ‬ؾحش ئُ‪ ٠‬أنٍ‪.ٙ‬‬
‫‪5- An expression of hope that the quotation will be accepted‬‬
‫‪and assurance of goods service and further assistance.‬‬
‫قننح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضطٔننثٖ جُٔٗننطٍ‪ ٟ‬ذننحٕ ضِنني ج‪ْ٧‬ننؼحٌ ْننطٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ض٘حكٓنن‪٤‬س ‪ْٝ‬نن‪ٞ‬ف ضونن‪ ّٞ‬ذطوننى‪ْ٣‬‬
‫نىٓحش ٓح هرَ جُر‪٤‬غ ‪ٝ‬نىٓحش ٓح ذؼى جُر‪٤‬غ ‪ٝ‬قح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ػ‪٬‬هس ؾ‪٤‬ىز ٌُ‪ ٢‬ضٌٓنر‪ٚ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ضحذغ ػٍ‪ ٜٝ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ‪ ٫ٝ‬ضط‪ٞ‬هق ػ٘ى ‪ًٛ‬ج جُكى‪.‬‬
‫آٗص ك‪ ٢‬جُ٘‪ٜ‬ح‪٣‬س ضٍ‪٣‬ى إٔ ضٌٓد ػوَ جُٔٗطٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫‪6- Follow up the quotation.‬‬

‫ئُ‪ًٛ ٠‬ج جُكى ٌٗطل‪ ٢‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‪ ٢‬قِوحش هحوٓس أػُجتن‪ ٢‬جُطِرنس وٓنطْ ذه‪٤‬نٍ‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪.ٚ‬‬

‫‪051‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىعشروُ‬

‫ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‪ْ٤‬‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٢‬جُطِرس أ‪ْٝ ٬ٛ‬ن‪ ٬ٜ‬ذٌنْ كن‪ ٢‬جُكِونس جُؼٗنٍ‪ٓ ٖ٣‬نٖ ٓنحوز ٍٓجْن‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬نس ذحُِـنس‬
‫ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ ,‬ض‪ٞ‬هل٘ح ك‪ ٢‬جُكِوس جُٓحذوس ػ٘ى جُ‪ٞ‬قنىز جُٓحوْنس ‪٤ًٝ‬ل‪٤‬نس ج‪ْ٫‬نطؿحذس ‪ٝ‬جُنٍو ػِن‪٠‬‬
‫ٌْحُس ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ ّ٬‬جُط‪ٍِْٜ٣ ٢‬ح ػحوز جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ٛ ٠‬ن‪٣ ٞ‬طِند‬
‫ٓؼِ‪ٓٞ‬ننحش ٓؼ‪٘٤‬ننس قنن‪ ٍٞ‬أْننؼحٌ ‪ٝ‬ن‪ٛ‬ننحت‪ٚٝ ٙ‬ننلحش جُٔ٘ننطؽ ‪ٖٝ‬ننٍ‪ ٠ٝ‬جُطٓننِ‪ٖٝ ْ٤‬ننٍ‪٠ٝ‬‬
‫جُ‪ٛ‬لوس أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٓ ٟ‬ؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش أنٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطننحُ‪ٓٗ ٠‬ننطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ٗونن‪ ٍٞ‬ذننحٕ جُ‪ٞ‬قننىز جُٓحوْننس ضطؼِننن ذٔننح ‪ٓ٣‬ننٔ‪ ٠‬جُننٍو ػِنن‪ٌْ ٠‬ننحتَ‬
‫ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ٝ ّ٬‬ػٍ‪ ٜٝ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ‪.‬‬

‫‪Unit six‬‬
‫‪Replies to enquiry, quotations and offers‬‬

‫‪The reply to an enquiry provides the prospective buyer with the‬‬

‫‪request information. Progressive firms look upon an enquiry for‬‬
‫‪their goods as an opportunity that must not be missed; therefore,‬‬
‫‪the reply must be built up in to a sale or goodwill.‬‬
‫جٍُو ػِ‪ٌْ ٠‬حُس ج‪ْ٫‬طلٓحٌ أ‪ٌْ ٝ‬حُس ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ ّ٬‬ضً‪ٝ‬و جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬جُٔ٘طظٍ أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔط‪ٞ‬هغ‬
‫ذحُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذس ٖٓ هرَ جُٔٗطٍ‪ٝ.ٟ‬هِ٘ح ذحُٔكح‪ٍٞ‬ز جُٓحذوس إٔ ٓؼظْ جُٔ٘ظٔحش‬
‫جُط‪ ٢‬ضططِغ ئُ‪ ٠‬ج‪ٓ٧‬حّ ض٘ظٍ ئُ‪ٌْ ٠‬حتَ ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ ّ٬‬ػٖ جُر‪ٟ‬حتغ أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٘ٓ ٟ‬طؽ ذٔػحذس كٍ‪ٚ‬س‬
‫‪٣ opportunity‬ؿد إٔ ضٓطـِ‪ٜ‬ح ‪٣ٝ‬ؿد أ‪ ٫‬ض‪٤ٟ‬غ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُلٍ‪ٚ‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٞٛ ٟ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ َذ‪٘ٓ ٕٞ‬طظٍ ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضكح‪ ٍٝ‬جًٍُٗس جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬ؼس أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُُٔ‪ٝ‬وز جُٔكحكظس ػِ‪ٝ ٚ٤‬ضك‪ًٛ َ٣ٞ‬ج جُُذ‪ ٕٞ‬جُٔ٘طظٍ ئُ‪َ ٠‬ذ‪ ٕٞ‬كؼِ‪ٝ ٠‬وجتْ‪.‬‬
‫‪You should keep our current customer by providing him the‬‬
‫‪suitable information and suitable product.‬‬
‫‪You should delivery the product or service to the customer in‬‬
‫‪suitable time and suitable place and suitable price.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضُ‪ٝ‬و جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬ذحُٔ٘طؽ جُٔ٘حْد ذحٍُٗ‪ ٠ٝ‬جُٔ٘حْرس ذحٌُٔحٕ جُٔ٘حْد ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬هص‬
‫جُٔ٘حْد ‪ٝ‬ضُ‪ٝ‬و‪ ٙ‬ذحُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ًحِٓس ‪ٝ‬ذحُهىٓحش ذؿٔ‪٤‬غ أٗ‪ٞ‬جػ‪ٜ‬ح ْ‪ٞ‬جء نىٓحش ٓح هرَ جُر‪٤‬غ‬
‫‪ٝ‬نىٓحش أغ٘حء جُر‪٤‬غ أ‪ ٝ‬نىٓحش ٓح ذؼى جُر‪٤‬غ‪ ًٙٛ ًَ ,‬ج‪ ٌٞٓ٧‬ضٌٖٔ جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ أ‪ ٝ‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ٖٓ‬
‫جُٔكحكظس ػِ‪ ٠‬جُُذ‪ ٕٞ‬جُٔ٘طظٍ‪.‬‬
‫ئيٕ ٍٗؾغ ‪ٗٝ ًٍُٗٝ‬ؼ‪٤‬ى إٔ ٌْحُس ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪ ٖٓ ّ٬‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬جُٔ٘طظٍ ‪ ٠ٛٝ‬ضٔػَ كٍ‪ٚ‬س‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد أ‪ ٫‬ض‪٤ٟ‬ؼ‪ٜ‬ح جًٍُٗس جُ‪ٛ‬حٗؼس أ‪ ٝ‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬وز‪.‬‬
‫‪050‬‬
ّ٬‫ ٌْحُس جْطؼ‬٠ِ‫َع ػ‬ُٞٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫و أ‬ُُٝٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫حٗؼس أ‬ُٛ‫ٕ ٌو جًٍُٗس ج‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ذى أ‬٫ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ٝ
‫غ‬٤‫ضٗؿ‬ٝ ‫ِي‬ٜ‫طٔحّ جُٔٓط‬ٛ‫ىز ٖٓ جؾَ ؾًخ ج‬٤‫ؾ‬ٝ ‫وس قًٌز‬٣ٍ‫ٔٔس ذط‬ٛٓٝ ‫س‬٤٘‫ ٓر‬ٍٟ‫جُٔٗط‬
.َ٤ٔ‫لوس ٓغ جُؼ‬ُٛ‫ئضٔحّ ج‬ٝ ‫ ػوى‬ٞ‫ ٗك‬ٍٟ‫ن‬٧‫ز ج‬ٞ‫ جُهط‬٠ُ‫ٗطوحٍ ئ‬٬ُ ٍٟ‫جُٔٗط‬
According to the new marketing concept, we must care as a
manufacturer or supplier about the complete.
The complete transaction is important but the strategic goal for the
manufacturer is to build good relationship with the buyers.
ّ‫ ئضٔح‬ٞٛ ١‫ّ كو‬٤ُ ‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫٘غ أ‬ُِٛٔ ‫ع‬٣‫ جُكى‬٢‫و‬٣ٞٓ‫ّ جُط‬ٜٞ‫ قٓد جُٔل‬٢ٓ٤‫ىف جٍُت‬ُٜ‫ج‬
ٞٛ ّ٤ُ ٌُٖٝ short run ٍ٤ٛ‫ جُو‬ٟ‫ جُٔى‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬٢ٌ٤‫ىف ضٌط‬ٛ ‫لوس‬ُٛ‫ ٗؼْ ئضٔحّ ج‬, ‫لوس‬ُٛ‫ج‬
long runٟ‫َ جُٔى‬٣ٞ٠ ٢‫ؿ‬٤‫ْطٍجض‬٫‫ ج‬٢‫ىك‬ٛ
‫ح‬ٜ‫حٗط‬٤ٚٝ ‫هس‬٬‫ جُؼ‬ًٙٛ ‫ ئوجٓس‬٠ِ‫جػَٔ ػ‬ٝ ‫ىز‬٤‫هس ؾ‬٬‫ ػ‬٠٘‫ إٔ أذ‬ٟ‫َ جُٔى‬٣ٞ٠ ٢‫ىك‬ٛ
٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٝ‫َ أ‬٤ٔ‫ء ٖٓ هرَ جُؼ‬٫ُٞ‫ء (ج‬٫ُٞ‫ ٗوطس ج‬٠ُ‫َ ئ‬ٚ‫ٍ إٔ أ‬ٝ‫ أقح‬٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ
)‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ ج‬ٝ‫٘غ أ‬ُٛٔ‫ج‬
I try to reach the point of loyalty.
ٕ‫ أ‬٠ُ‫٘ح ذكحؾس ئ‬ٛ ‫ء أٗح‬٫ُٞ‫ ج‬ٝ‫ٗطٔحء أ‬٫‫ ذح‬٠ٔٓ٣‫ ٓح‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٝ‫َ أ‬٤ٔ‫َ ذحُؼ‬ٚ‫ أ‬٠‫قط‬ٝ
.ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٝ‫ِي أ‬ٜ‫هؼحش جُٔٓط‬ٞ‫ ض‬٠‫ أُر‬ٝ‫جٖرغ أ‬
You should meet the expectation of our buyer.
‫ذٔح‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٝ‫ِي أ‬ٜ‫ جُٔٓط‬ٝ‫ٕ أ‬ٞ‫ جُُذ‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٚٓ‫ أهى‬١ًُ‫ ج‬ٍٜ‫ٕ جُؼ‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٚٗ‫ ج‬٠٘‫ذٔؼ‬
.ٚ‫هؼ‬ٞ‫ط‬٣ ‫ أًػٍ ٓٔح‬ٚ‫جػ‬ٞٗ‫غ أ‬٤ٔ‫ذؿ‬ٝ ‫لحش‬ٚ‫ج‬ٞٓٝ ٠ٍٖٝ ٖٓ ٟٚ٘ٔ‫ط‬٣
My offer should be more than the level of expectation of our
customer or our buyers.
.‫ء‬٫ُٞ‫ ٍٓقِس ج‬٠ُ‫ٖٓ غْ ئ‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٍُٞ‫ ٍٓقِس ج‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٍٟ‫َ جُٔٗط‬ٛ٣ ‫ جُ٘وطس‬ًٙٛ ‫ػ٘ى‬
The buyer or our customers will satisfy when he enter the loyalty
stage.
.‫ ًٍُٓ ٍُِذف‬ٚٗ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٍٟ‫ؿد إٔ أضؼحَٓ ٓغ جُٔٗط‬٣ َ٣ٞ‫ جُط‬ٟ‫ جُٔى‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ
I should deal with the buyer as a center of benefit.
ٖٓ ‫س‬٣ْٞ٘ ‫ُى أٌذحـ‬ٞ٣ٝ ‫ٕ ًٍُٓ ٍُِذف‬ٌٞ٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٍٟ‫هس وجتٔس ٓغ جُٔٗط‬٬‫ػ٘ى ئهحٓس ػ‬ٝ
.٢ُ‫ٕ جُكح‬ٞ‫ جُُذ‬٠ِ‫ؿد إٔ ٗكحكع ػ‬٣ ‫س جٍُٗجء ًُج‬٤ِٔ‫ٍ ضٌٍجٌ ػ‬٬‫ن‬
We should keep our current customer.
Reply to enquiry:

It should be built in good design and we should take in our kind

all the subject and we should produce or reflect good image good
features about our manufactured company about our product.
052
 ‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ٗ‪ٞ‬ؾى ٌٓحٗس ‪ٗ٧‬لٓ٘ح ك‪ ٢‬ػو‪ ٍٞ‬جُٔٓط‪ ٖ٤ٌِٜ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٖ٣‬جُٔ٘طظٍ‪.ٖ٣‬‬
‫‪We should position our self in the mind of our customer.‬‬
‫قط‪ٗ ٠‬ؼَٔ ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬ح أِْل٘ح‪ ٙ‬ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ؾ‪٤‬ىز ‪ٓٗٝ‬طط‪٤‬غ إٔ ٗكون ٓح ج‪ٞٝ‬ك٘ح‪ ٙ‬هرَ هِ‪٣ َ٤‬ؿد‬
‫إٔ ٗأنً ذؼ‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪٫‬ػطرحٌ ػىز ٗوح‪:٠‬‬

‫‪In answering an enquiry satisfactorily, the seller should consider‬‬

‫‪the following points:‬‬

‫‪1- Expression of thanks for the enquiry.‬‬

‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ًًٍٗ ‪٤ٓٗٝ‬ؾ ػرحٌجش جٌٍُٗ ‪ٝ‬جُطوى‪ ٍ٣‬ذآحٌجش ٓ٘حْرس ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحٍُو ػِ‪٠‬‬
‫ٌْحُس ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪.ّ٬‬‬
‫‪3-The validity of quotation.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ػٍ‪ ٜٝ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ‪ٝ‬جٍُٗ‪ ٠ٝ‬جُط‪ٗ ٢‬ؼٍ‪ٜٞ‬ح ‪ٚ‬حوهس ‪٣ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ٌٗ‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫قٍ‪ ٖ٤ٛ٣‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ئظ‪ٜ‬حٌ جُؿ‪ٞ‬جٗد ج‪٣٫‬ؿحذ‪٤‬س ك‪ ٢‬ػٍ‪ ٜ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ‪.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ٗأنً ذؼ‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪٫‬ػطرحٌ إٔ ‪ًٛ‬ج جُٔٗطٍ‪ٍ٣ ُْ ٟ‬جِْ٘ح ٗكٖ كو‪ ١‬ذَ أٌَْ ٌْحُس‬
‫جْطؼ‪ ّ٬‬ئُ‪٘ٓ ٠‬حكٓ‪٘٤‬ح أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ ٠‬جًٍُٗحش جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬ؼس ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ ٟ‬جُط‪ ٢‬ض٘طؽ ‪ٝ‬ض‪٘ٛ‬غ ِْغ‬
‫ٓٗحذ‪ٜ‬س‪ٝ ,‬ئيج ًحٕ ػٍ‪ ٜ‬جُٔ٘حكٓ‪٣ٍ٠ٝ ٖ٤‬وس جٍُو ػِ‪ٌْ ٠‬حُس ج‪ْ٫‬طلٓحٌ ؾ‪٤‬ىز ْ‪ٞ‬ف ‪ْٜ٣‬‬
‫جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬ذحًٍُٗس جُٔ٘حكٓس ‪ٜ٣ ٫ٝ‬طْ ذ٘ح‪.‬‬
‫الحظ‪:‬‬
‫ػُ‪ ١ُ٣‬جُطحُد إٔ جُٔ٘حكٓس ضرىأ ٓغ جًٍُٗحش ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ٝ ٟ‬جُٔ٘حكٓ‪٤ً ٖٓ ٖ٤‬ل‪٤‬س جٍُو ػِ‪٠‬‬
‫ٌْحُس ج‪ْ٫‬طلٓحٌ ‪ٝ‬ؾًخ ج‪ٛ‬طٔحّ جُُذ‪ ٕٞ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضؼط‪ٓ ٠‬ؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ‪ٚ‬حوهس ‪ٝٝ‬ج‪ٞ‬كس ‪ٝ‬ضرٌٍ ُٔحيج أْؼحٌٗح جػِ‪ ٖٓ ٢‬جُٔ٘حكٓ‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٗوحٌٕ ‪ٗٝ‬ػرص ذحُىُ‪ َ٤‬إٔ أْؼحٌٗح جهَ ٖٓ جُٔ٘حكٓ‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ ٝ‬إٔ أْؼحٌٗح هى ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬جؿِ‪ٖٓ ٢‬‬
‫جُٔ٘حكٓ‪٘ٓ spare time ٌُٖٝ ٖ٤‬هل‪ٟ‬س ‪ٝ‬جُهىٓحش جُط‪ٗ ٢‬وىٓ‪ٜ‬ح أك‪ ٖٓ َٟ‬جُٔ٘حكٓ‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٠‬ؿد إٔ ضًٍُ ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬وح‪ ٠‬جُو‪ٞ‬ز‪ strong points‬ك‪ ٢‬ػٍ‪ٞ‬ي ًٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ أ‪ُٝٓ ٝ‬و‪.‬‬
‫‪3- Details of the quoted price (packing, carriage, insurance,‬‬
‫)‪delivery dates, discount, etc.‬‬
‫‪٣‬كط‪ ٟٞ‬ػٍ‪ ٜ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ػِ‪ ٠‬جُطلح‪ً َ٤ٚ‬حُطـِ‪٤‬ق ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ٓ٘حْرس ُؼِٔ‪٤‬س قَٔ ‪ٖٝ‬كٖ‬
‫جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ٝ‬جُطحٓ‪ٝ ٖ٤‬ه‪ٟ‬ح‪٣‬ح جُطحٓ‪ٞٗٝ ٖ٤‬ػ‪٤‬س جُطحٓ‪ٞٓٝ , ٖ٤‬ػى جُطِٓ‪ٝ ْ٤‬جُه‪ٓٞٛ‬حش جُط‪٢‬‬
‫‪ ٌٖٔ٣‬إٔ ٗوىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ٟٔ‬حٕ ‪ٝ‬نىٓحش ٓح هرَ جُر‪٤‬غ ‪ٝ‬نىٓحش أغ٘حء جُر‪٤‬غ ‪ٝ‬نىٓحش ٓح ذؼى‬
‫جُر‪٤‬غ‪.‬‬
‫ًَ ‪ ًٙٛ‬ج‪٣ ٌٞٓ٧‬ؿد إٔ ًٍُٗ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح‪ ,‬ك٘كٖ ػ٘ىٓح ٗوىّ ػٍ‪ٞ‬ح ‪٫‬ذى إٔ ٗؼط‪ ٠‬قُٓس ٖٓ‬
‫جُٔ٘حكغ جُط‪ ٢‬ضو٘غ جُٔٗطٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫‪We should give many benefits, which the buyer will be persuaded.‬‬
‫‪053‬‬
4 - Extract description of the goods through enclosures:
A booklet, leaflets, catalogues pricelist, etc.
‫ٍ جٍُ٘ٗجش‬٬‫ٗؼَُ يُي ٖٓ ن‬ٝ ٟٚ٘ٔ‫ٓح ضط‬ٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫حوم ُِر‬ٚٝ ‫ن‬٤‫ق وه‬ٚٝ
.َ‫ْحت‬ٝ ‫ٍ ػىز‬٬‫ٖٓ ن‬ٝ ٌ‫ْؼح‬٧‫هحتٔس ج‬ٝ ‫ؾحش‬ُٞ‫جٌُطح‬ٝ
‫س‬٤ٓ‫ض٘حك‬ٝ ‫ ذٔ٘طؿحض٘ح‬ٍٟ‫ضو٘غ جُٔٗط‬ٝ ‫ٔط٘ح‬ٜٓ َٜٓ‫ح ض‬ٜٗ٧ َ‫ْحت‬ُٞ‫ؿد إٔ ٗٓطهىّ ضِي ج‬٣ٝ
.‫٘ح‬ٍٞ‫ػ‬
5 -An expression of hope that the quotation will be accepted and
assurance of goods service and further assistance.
‫ى‬٤ً‫جُطأ‬ٝ ٖ٤ٓ‫س جُطح‬٤ٟ‫ه‬ٝ َ‫ور‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٌ‫ْؼح‬٧‫ ج‬ٍٜ‫َٓ ذحٕ ػ‬٧‫ٍجش ػٖ ج‬٤‫٘حُي ضؼر‬ٛ
٠ِ‫ح ػ‬ٜٓ‫ف ضوى‬ْٞ ٍٟ‫ ٓٓحػىجش أن‬ٟ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ح‬ُٜ ‫ جٍُٔجكوس‬ٝ‫حتغ أ‬ٟ‫ جُر‬ًٙٛ ‫ نىٓحش‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
.َ٣ٞ‫ جُط‬ٟ‫جُٔى‬
ٚٓ‫جغن ٖٓ ٗل‬ُٞ‫ج‬ٝ ٍٖ‫خ جٌُطحذس جُٔرح‬ِْٞ‫ٍ أ‬٬‫ٖٓ ن‬ٝ ‫ٔح ضطٍـ‬٤‫حوم ك‬ٚ ٌٕٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ٝ
.ٚ‫لط‬٠‫ػح‬ٝ ِٚ‫ػو‬ٝ ٚ‫ هِر‬٠ِ‫َ ػ‬ٞ‫ ضك‬٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬٢‫ى إٔ ضإغٍ ك‬٣ٍ‫كأٗص ض‬
‫ضؿًخ‬ٝ ‫ ٖٓ جؾَ إٔ ضو٘غ‬all your tools ‫جضي‬ٝ‫غ أو‬٤ٔ‫ؿد إٔ ضٓطهىّ ؾ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ٝ
‫٘حى‬ٛ ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ ٌْحُس ج‬٠ِ‫ جُطحُد جٗي ػ٘ىٓح ضٍو ػ‬١ُ٣ُ‫ضًًٍ ػ‬ٝ ٍ‫ٕ جُٔ٘طظ‬ٞ‫جُُذ‬
.ٍٟ‫ًج جُٔٗط‬ٛ ٠ُ‫ّ ئ‬٬‫ج ٌْحتَ جْطؼ‬ٍِْٞ٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٖ٤ٓ‫ح ػىو ٖٓ جُٔ٘حك‬ٟ٣‫أ‬
More than one send reply letter to the respective buyer so the
buyer will choose from those entire alternative that is suitable for
him to deal.
.‫ٍ ٍٓز‬ٝ٧ َٓ‫س ػ٘ىٓح ٗطؼح‬ٚ‫ نح‬ٍٟ‫ٖ جُٔٗط‬٤‫ذ‬ٝ ‫٘ي‬٤‫س ذ‬٣ٞ‫هس ه‬٬‫ؾى ػ‬ٞ‫ ض‬٫

6 - Follow up the quotation.

‫س‬٤‫حك‬ٞ‫جش ئ‬ٞ‫٘حى نط‬ٛ ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ٝ ٚ‫ ٗرؼػ‬١ًُ‫ْؼحٌ ج‬٧‫ ج‬ٍٜ‫ؿد إٔ ٗطحذغ ػ‬٣
.َ٤ٔ‫ جْطلٓحٌ ٓغ جُؼ‬ٟ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ُٔطحذؼس ٌْحُس جٍُو‬

‫ح‬ُٜ٬‫ؿد ن‬٣ٝ business letter ٍ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌْحُس أػٔح‬٢ٛ ٌ‫ْطلٓح‬٫‫ ج‬ٝ‫ٌْحُس جٍُو أ‬
three paragraph rule ‫ن هحػىز‬٤‫ضطر‬
The letter should be reply enquiry consist of three
paragraphs:

Opening sentences:
‫س‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ ج‬٠ٛٝ ٠ُٝ٧‫جُلوٍز ج‬

054
Example:

-we thank you for your enquiry of 18 June appreciates your

interest in your products…
ٌْٓ‫طٔح‬ٛ‫ٖ ج‬٣ٌ‫ٓوى‬ٝ ٚ٤ٗٞ٣ ٖٓ ٍٗ‫ جُػحٖٓ ػ‬٢‫ٌْٓ جُٔإٌنس ك‬٬‫ ٌْحُس جْطؼ‬٠ِ‫ًٌٍْٗٗ ػ‬
........‫ذٔ٘طؿحض٘ح‬
-we are very pleased to receive your enquiry dated…
.......‫م‬٣ٌ‫ٌْٓ جُٔإٌنس ذطح‬٬‫ ٌْحُس جْطؼ‬٢‫ٖ ؾىج ذطِو‬٣ٌٍٝٓٓ ٖ‫ٗك‬
-we thank you for your letter of 16 Jan in which you enquiry
about…
......ٍٕٝٓ‫ ضٓطل‬٢‫جُط‬ٝ ٍ٣‫٘ح‬٣ 39 ‫ ٌْحُطٌْ جُٔإٌنس‬٠ِ‫ٖ ؾىج ػ‬٣ًٍ‫ٗكٖ ٖح‬
-we are very pleased to know that you were impressed with our
products…
.........‫ ٓ٘طؿحض٘ح‬ٙ‫حت‬ٛ‫ٕ ذه‬ٞٔ‫ط‬ٜٓ ٌْٗ‫ٖ ؾىج ُٔؼٍكط٘ح أ‬٣ٌٍٝٓٓ ٖ‫ٗك‬
-we think you have made the best choice in catalogue us…
..........‫َ ذطؼحٌِْٓ ٓؼ٘ح‬ٟ‫ك‬٧‫حٌ ج‬٤‫ٗؼطوى أٌْٗ جنطٍضْ جُه‬
.‫ىز‬٤‫هحش ؾ‬٬‫ ػ‬٠٘‫ ضر‬٠‫ قط‬ٍٟ‫س جُٔٗط‬٤ٗ‫ئٗٓح‬ٝ ‫ق‬٠‫ج‬ٞ‫ جُطؼحَٓ ٓغ ػ‬٠ُ‫٘ح أٗص ذكحؾس ئ‬ٛ
You should start to establish a good relationship.
it is a best : َ‫ٍ ٓػ‬٤‫ جُطؼحذ‬ٝ‫ٍ ذؼ‬٬‫س ٖٓ ن‬٤ُ‫ٔس ػح‬٤‫ ه‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬٠‫َ إٔ ٗؼط‬ٟ‫ك‬٧‫ٖٓ ج‬
choice…..

‫ٕ ًحضد‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ٝ َ‫ ًطحذس جٍُْحت‬٢‫س ك‬٤ٌ٤‫جُطٌط‬ٝ ‫س‬٤٘‫ٌ جُل‬ٞٓ٧‫س ج‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬٠‫٘ح ضأض‬ٛ ٖٓٝ
.‫س‬٣ٍٗ‫ؼس جُر‬٤‫ْ جُطر‬ٜ‫ل‬٣ ‫ع‬٤‫ٖ ذك‬٤‫ ٓؼ‬ٟٞ‫ ٓٓط‬٠ِ‫جٍُْحُس ػ‬
How to communicate with other? How to affect with other? What
is the impact of your expression?

Providing the necessary information:

How can us providing the necessary information:

-we have the pleasure in sending you our latest illustrated
catalogue which give full information about……..
َٔ‫ٍ جُؼ‬٬‫ٓحش ن‬ِٞ‫طؼِن ذحُٔؼ‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ك‬ٝ , ‫ذس‬ِٞ‫ٓحش جُٔط‬ِٞ‫و ذحُٔؼ‬ُٝ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ض‬٣ ‫ق‬٤ً
: ‫ٔح‬ٛ ٖ٤‫ ٌِٓٗط‬ٚ‫جؾ‬ٞٗ ٕ‫ ٌٓح‬ٟ‫ ج‬ٝ‫ جٌُٔحضد أ‬ٝ‫ش أ‬٬ْ‫ جٍُٔج‬٢‫جء ك‬ْٞ ٌٟ‫وج‬٫‫ج‬
:‫ اىزيبدح في اىَعيىٍبد‬-
055
‫ٓحش (ٓح‬ِٞ‫ كٍَ جُٔؼ‬٠ِ‫ؼَٔ ػ‬٣ ٠‫ قط‬١ٌ‫حهْ ئوج‬٠ٝ َ٣ٞ٠ ‫هص‬ٝ ٠ُ‫٘ح ضكطحؼ ئ‬٤ُ‫ِس ئ‬ٚ‫ج‬ُٞ‫ج‬
)‫ذس‬ِٞ‫ٍ جُٔط‬٤‫ٓحش ؿ‬ِٞ‫ جُٔؼ‬٢ٛ ‫ٓح‬ٝ ,‫هص‬ُٞ‫ يُي ج‬٢‫ذس ك‬ِٞ‫جُٔط‬ٝ ‫ٔس‬ُٜٔ‫ٓحش ج‬ِٞ‫ جُٔؼ‬٢ٛ
In case of the information that we received there are two
problems. Classified these information what is important or not. I
have special time how can I deal with the much information.
‫وس كؼحُس‬٣ٍ‫هص ذط‬ُٞ‫ٓطـَ ج‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ٙ‫ ٖه‬ٟ‫ ج‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٌٟ‫وج‬٫‫ جُطحُد إٔ ج‬١ُ٣ُ‫ضًًٍ ػ‬
.‫ٓػٍٔز‬ٝ
: ‫ اىْقص في اىَعيىٍبد‬-
I need some level of information if I reach the amount of
information least than required this mean that there is some
information absent.
‫ٓحش‬ِٞ‫ جُٔؼ‬٢‫ ك‬ٙ‫ جُ٘و‬٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ذس‬ِٞ‫ٓحش جُٔط‬ِٞ‫حخ جُٔؼ‬٤‫ى ذـ‬٤‫غ إٔ جضهً هٍجٌ ؾ‬٤‫ جْطط‬٫
.‫ح‬ٟ٣‫ٓحش ضٓرد ٌِٓٗس أ‬ِٞ‫ جُٔؼ‬٢‫حوز ك‬٣ُُ‫ج‬ٝ ‫ٓرد ٌِٓٗس‬٣
‫س‬٤ِٔ‫ ػ‬٢‫جء ك‬ْٞ ‫ذس‬ِٞ‫ٓحش جُٔط‬ِٞ‫غ إٔ أهٖ٘ جُٔؼ‬٤‫جش جْطط‬ٝ‫ػىز أو‬ٝ ‫ٍ جُهرٍز‬٬‫ٖٓ ن‬ٝ
.ٍٟ‫ٌ أن‬ٞٓ‫ٍ أ‬٬‫ ٖٓ ن‬ٝ‫ أ‬e-mail ٍ٬‫ ٖٓ ن‬ٝ‫حٍ أ‬ٛ‫ض‬٫‫ج‬
-please find here with the enclosed price list…
......ٌ‫٘ح هحتٔس أْؼح‬ٛ ‫ف ضؿى‬ْٞ
-we have sent you today separately our general catalogue together
with a full range of samples…
......‫٘حش‬٤‫ؼ ٌُْ ٓغ ػىو ٖٓ جُؼ‬ُٞ‫ّ ذاٌْحٍ جٌُطح‬ٞ‫ف ٗو‬ْٞ
-in reply to your telex of today, we send you here with our revised
price list…
-in reply to your enquiry of 8 august, we are enclosing full
particular of our export models…

‫ يُني‬٠ُ‫ جُكِوس جُوحوٓس ئ‬٢‫ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‬٠ِ‫ جُكِوس ػ‬ًٙٛ ّ‫ نطح‬٠ُ‫ جُطحُد ٗحضة ئ‬١ُ٣ُ‫ػ‬
ٚ‫قلظ‬ٝ ‫س هللا‬٣‫ ٌػح‬٢‫ٖ وٓطْ ك‬٤‫جُك‬
.ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬ٝ

056
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىحبديخ واىعشروُ‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٢‬جُطِرس جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪ٚ‬‬

‫أ‪ٛ‬نن‪ْٝ ٬‬نن‪ ٬ٜ‬ذٌننْ كنن‪ ٢‬جُكِوننس جُكحو‪٣‬ننس ‪ٝ‬جُؼٗننٍ‪ٓ ٕٝ‬ننٖ ٓننحوز ٍٓجْنن‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬ننس ذحُِـننس‬
‫ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫ض‪ٞ‬هل٘ح ك‪ ٢‬جُكِوس جُٓحذوس ق‪ ٍٞ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش جُ‪٣ٌٍٟٝ‬س ‪٤ًٝ‬ل‪٤‬س ض‪٤٘ٛ‬ل‪ٜ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫?‪How can we providing the necessary information‬‬
‫‪We face two problems:‬‬
‫‪The increase of information more than required it is a problem and‬‬
‫‪when information become least than what is required also it is a‬‬
‫‪problem so we should choose the suitable point or middle point or‬‬
‫‪ideal information who can reach this level of information.‬‬
‫ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش‪:‬‬
‫جُُ‪٣‬حوز ك‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ٝ‬جُ٘و‪ ٙ‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ‪ٓ٣‬رد ٌِٓٗس جُُ‪٣‬حوز ك‪ ٢‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ‪٣‬ططِند ‪٠‬نحهْ ًر‪٤‬نٍ قطن‪٠‬‬
‫‪ ٍَْ٣‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش جُط‪ ٢‬أٗح ذكحؾس ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ٝ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش جُـ‪ ٍ٤‬ذكحؾس ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪٤ًٝ‬ل‪٤‬نس جْنطـ‪ُٜ٬‬ح‪,‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ػ٘ىٓح أه‪٠ ٍٞ‬حهْ أيٕ ‪٘ٛ‬حى ضٌِلس ئ‪ٞ‬حك‪٤‬س ‪ٝٝ‬هص ؿ‪٤‬نٍ ٓٓنطـَ‪ .‬جُن٘و‪ ٙ‬كن‪ ٢‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نحش‬
‫أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ‪ٓ٣‬رد ٓٗنٌِس ‪ٗ٧‬ن‪ْ ٚ‬ن‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬رون‪ ٢‬ؾنُء ٓنٖ جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نس ؿحترنس ػ٘ن‪ ٝ ٢‬ذحُطنحُ‪ٛ ٢‬نًج ‪٫‬‬
‫‪ ٖٓ ٢ٌ٘٘ٔ٣‬جضهحي جُوٍجٌ جُ‪ٛ‬حتد ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ًلثس ‪ٝ‬كؼحُس‪.‬‬
‫ئيٕ‪٫ :‬ذى ٖٓ جُك‪ ٍٞٛ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س‪ٝ ,‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذنس‪٠ٝ ,‬رؼنح ػ٘نىٓح أهن‪٫ ٍٞ‬ذنى‬
‫إٔ أق‪ٛ‬ننَ ػِنن‪ ٠‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬ننس جُلؼحُننس ْنن‪ٞ‬جء ً٘ننص ٓ‪ٛ‬نن٘غ أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ننُ‪ٝ‬و أ‪ ٝ‬قطنن‪ٗٓ ٠‬ننطٍ‪٘ٗ٧ ١‬نن‪٢‬‬
‫ًٔٗنننطٍ‪ ٟ‬أ‪ٟ٣‬نننح ‪ٜ٘٘٣‬ننن‪ ٢‬ؾنننىج إٔ أق‪ٛ‬نننَ ػِننن‪ٓ ٠‬ؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نننس‪٘ٛ .‬نننحى ذؼننن‪ ٝ‬جُطؼنننحذ‪ٌٔ٣ ٍ٤‬نننٖ‬
‫جْطهىجٓ‪ٜ‬ح‪ْٞ .‬ف ٗؼَٔ ػِ‪ ٠‬ئػحوز ذؼ‪ٜ٘ٓ ٝ‬ح ‪ ٝ‬جُطًٍ‪ ُ٤‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُ٘وح‪٤ٔٛ٧ ٠‬ط‪ٜ‬ح‪:‬‬

‫‪Providing the necessary information:‬‬

‫‪- We have the pleasure in sending you our latest illustrated‬‬

‫‪catalogue which gives full information about…..‬‬
‫جٌُطننحُ‪ٞ‬ؼ ‪٣‬رنن‪ً ٖ٤‬حكننس جُ٘نن‪ٞ‬جق‪ ٢‬جُٔطؼِوننس ذننحُٔ٘طؽ جٍُْننْ جُ‪ٜ٘‬ىْنن‪ُِ٘ٔ ٢‬ننطؽ ‪ٝ‬أؾننُجء جُٔ٘ننطؽ‬
‫‪ٌٗٞٓٝ‬حش جُٔ٘طؽ ‪ٓٝ‬ى‪ ٟ‬ضكِٔ‪ُ ٚ‬ىٌؾحش جُكٍجٌز ‪ ًَٝ‬جُه‪ٛ‬حت‪ ٙ‬جُ‪ٜ٘‬ىْ‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬نلحش‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬ل‪٤‬س ُِٔ٘طؽ‪.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ًٍُٗ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ٝ‬ضٌ‪ٝ ٕٞ‬ج‪ٞ‬كس ك‪ ٢‬جٌُطحُ‪ٞ‬ؼ ذحُ‪ٞٛ‬ش ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ٌٞٛ‬ز ‪ٝ‬ج‪ٟ٣٩‬حـ جٌُحٓنَ‬
‫‪ٝ‬جٍُْْ جُؿ‪٤‬ى ‪ٝ‬جنط‪٤‬حٌ جُ‪ٌٞ‬م جُٔ‪ٛ‬و‪ ٍٞ‬ئُ‪ ٢‬آنٍ‪.ٙ‬‬
‫‪You should create good image in the mind of our buyer and‬‬
‫‪customer.‬‬
‫‪057‬‬
 ‫ًٍٖطي‬ٝ ‫ِي ػٖ ٓ٘طؿي‬ٜ‫ جُٔٓط‬ٝ‫ٕ أ‬ٞ‫ٖ جُُذ‬ٛ‫ ي‬٢‫ىز ك‬٤‫ٌز ؾ‬ٞٚ ‫ؿد إٔ ضهِن‬٣
. ‫ٍ ٍٓز‬ٝ٧ ٚ‫ح ػ٘ىٓح ضطؼحَٓ ٓؼ‬ٚٞٛ‫ن‬
him for the first time, you should create first image If we deal with
and you know the first image.
‫ٍض٘ح‬ٜٖٝ ‫ ْٔؼط٘ح‬٠ِ‫إغٍ ػ‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٢ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ّٝ‫ى‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ١ًُ‫ٗطرحع ج‬٫‫ ج‬ٞٛ ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٫‫ج‬
.‫ِي‬ٜ‫ ػوَ جُٔٓط‬٢‫وز ك‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ُٞٔ‫ٌض٘ح ج‬ٞٚٝ

Please find here with the enclosed price list…..-

We have sent you today under separate cover ,our general -

catalogue together with a full range of samples…..
.‫٘حش‬٤‫جع جُؼ‬ٞٗ‫غ أ‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬٠‫ـط‬٣ ‫ؼ‬ُٞ‫جٌُطح‬

-In reply to your telex of today, we send you here with our
Revised price list……
........ ٍٟ‫طؼِن ذوحتٔس أْؼحٌ أن‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ّ ك‬ٞ٤ُ‫٘ح ج‬٤ُ‫َ ئ‬ٚ‫ج‬ُٞ‫ جُطٌِّ ج‬٠ِ‫ٌوج ػ‬

-In reply to your enquiry of 8 August ,we are enclosing full

particulars of our export models…….
ًْ‫و‬ُٝ‫ف ٗن‬ْٞ ّ‫م جُػحٖٓ ٖٓ أؿٓط‬٣ٌ‫ ٌْحُس جْطلٓحٌجضٌْ جُٔإٌنس ذطح‬٠ِ‫ؾحذس ػ‬٩‫ ج‬٢‫ك‬
........ٍ٣‫ى‬ٛ‫ش جُٔؼىز ُِط‬٬٣‫و‬ُٞٔ‫جع ج‬ٞٗ‫غ أ‬٤ٔ‫ذؿ‬

-the models have now been improved……

* There is continuous modification, continuous progress according
to the change of need and performance of our customer or our
buyer. This means that we care about our customer. How are they
thinking? The way of thinking what they prefer, what is the
change which may be happy in their need, performance, and style?
You should continuous matching our customer and this will be
done by the research department.
‫٘غ‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬٢‫وز ك‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ُٞٔ‫ٍ ج‬٣ٞ‫جُطط‬ٝ ‫ٍ وجتٍز جُركع‬٬‫كىظ ٖٓ ن‬٣ ٕ‫ذى أ‬٫ ٍ٤٤‫ًج جُطـ‬ٛٝ
.ٌ‫ذحْطٍٔج‬
They should scanning the environment (macro &internal)

058
We should use this change in efficient and effective rule to
converse it to opportunity, also if there are some threats how can
we avoid it?
How much the negative effect of this threat?
‫؟‬٢‫ث‬٤‫ٍ جُر‬٤‫ جُٔطـ‬٠ِ‫ٍ ػ‬٤‫قؿْ يُي جُطأغ‬ٝ ٢‫ٍ جُِٓر‬٤‫ جُطأغ‬ٞٛ ‫ٓح‬
ًَ ‫أٗظٔس‬ٝ ٖ٤ٗ‫ج‬ٞ‫ٖٓ ه‬ٝ ٖ٤ٓ‫ ٖٓ ٓ٘حك‬ٟٚ٘ٔ‫ٓح ضط‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ‫وٌجْط‬ٝ ‫جم‬ْٞ٧‫*ػ٘ىٓح ٗطٌِْ ػٖ ج‬
.ٌ‫ْؼح‬٧‫ ج‬٠ِ‫إغٍ ػ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ
-prices are valid until…….
If you want to give lower price or something during specific time
try to encourage your buyer to buy now.

-can we send our representative with various models.

.١‫٘ح ٓغ ػىز ٗٔحيؼ ئيج ًحٕ يُي ٓؿى‬٤ِ‫ٌْ ٓٔػ‬٤ُ‫٘ح ذآٌحٗ٘ح إٔ ٍَْٗ ئ‬ٛ

-our price is fob…….

‫نق جْنطهىٓ٘ح يُني‬٤ً ‫ جُطحُند‬١ُ‫ن‬٣ُ‫قع ػ‬٫ ,‫ٍ جُرحنٍز‬ٜ‫ ظ‬٠ِ‫َ ػ‬٤ٔ‫ جُطك‬٠ٍُٝٗ‫قٓد ج‬
:‫ٌطد‬٣ ٕ‫ أ‬٢‫ وجػ‬٬‫ جٍُْحُس ك‬٢‫حٌ ك‬ٛ‫نط‬٫‫ج‬
Details about the price. )Full)
*Note: he use short sentence (our price are fob), it is efficient but
the buyer should understand what fob means?

-the enclosed catalogue will give you an idea of our standard

models.
‫س‬٣ٌ‫ح‬٤‫جُٔٓحكحش جُٔؼ‬ٝ ‫ش‬٬٣‫و‬ُٞٔ‫ي كٌٍز ًحِٓس ػٖ ج‬٤‫ؼط‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫ًج‬ٛ ‫ؼ جٍُٔكن‬ُٞ‫جٌُطح‬
.ٌ‫ػطرح‬٫‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ؿد إٔ ضإنً ذؼ‬٣ ٌٞٓ٧‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ًَ. ‫ُٔ٘طؿحض٘ح‬
.ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫ ٌْحُس ج‬٠ِ‫حء جٍُو ػ‬ٜٗ‫س ئ‬٤‫ل‬٤ً ٠ُ‫ٕ ٗ٘طوَ ئ‬٥‫ج‬ٝ

Closing:

- We look forward to the opportunity of service.

.‫ح‬ٜٔ٣‫ضوى‬ٝ ‫طؼِن ذحُهىٓحش‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ كٍ٘ ك‬٠ُ‫ٗكٖ ٗططِغ ئ‬
- We hope that you will find our terms satisfactory, and we assure
you of our full co operation and attention in this matter.

059
 ٕ‫ػ٘ىٓح ضٌطد ًِٔس ٗإًى كح‬ٝ( ٌُْ ‫ٗكٖ ٗإًى‬ٝ ٌُْ ‫س‬٤ٍٞٓ ‫٘ح‬٠ٍٖٝ ‫ج‬ٝ‫ٗأَٓ إٔ ضؿى‬
.)‫حوم‬ٚ ٌٕٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٤‫ِطُّ ذٌِٔحضي ك‬٣ٝ ‫ىهي‬ٛ٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ١ٍ‫جُٔٗط‬
٢ٔٓ٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ىنَ ك‬٣ ًِٚ ‫ًج‬ٛٝ ‫ى ٓوىجٌ جُػوس‬٣ُ‫٘ح أٗص ض‬ٛٝ

Positive process

How do you reflect your self (your product) in the mind of your
customer? And we assure you of our full co operation.
‫نح‬ٜ‫ٕ ِٓنْ ذ‬ٞ‫ؿند إٔ ضٌن‬٣ ‫ جُطحُند‬١ُ‫ن‬٣ُ‫ٍ ػ‬٤‫ جُطؼنحذ‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛٝ ‫ح‬٣‫نح‬ٟ‫ جُو‬ًٜٙ‫طؼِن ذ‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ٕ ك‬ٝ‫ضؼح‬
.‫طس‬٤ٓ‫س ذ‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫ ًحٗص ُـطي ج‬ُٞٝ ٠‫ح قط‬ٜ‫ٍ إٔ ضكلظ‬ٝ‫ضكح‬ٝ
ٌ‫ جُطٌنٍج‬٢ُ‫ذحُطنح‬ٝ ‫نح‬ٌٛ‫ضٌٍج‬ٝ ٍ٤‫ جُطؼنحذ‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ‫ٍ قلنع ذؼن‬٬‫ٍ إٔ ضكٓنٖ ُـطني ٓنٖ نن‬ٝ‫قح‬
.‫ْ ؾىج‬ٜٓ ‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫ ضؼِْ جُِـس ج‬٠ِ‫ٍجٌ ػ‬ٚ٩‫ج‬ٝ ‫ٔس‬٣ُ‫جُؼ‬ٝ ُ٤ًٍ‫جُط‬ٝ
ًٙ‫ننن‬ٛ ٠‫ج ػِننن‬ُٝ‫ إٔ ضًٍننن‬ٞ‫أٌؾننن‬ٝ ‫نننس‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫٘نننح ُِـنننس ج‬٤‫ػٔنننحٍ ٖنننث٘ح أّ أذ‬٧‫ّ ٓؿنننحٍ ج‬ٞ٤ُ‫كنننح‬
.‫غ‬٤ٞ‫ج‬ُٞٔ‫ج‬
-we are looking forward to hearing from you and assure you that
your order will receive our immediate attention.
ّ‫طٔنح‬ٛ٫‫ ٓ٘ننح ًننَ ج‬٢‫ف ضِونن‬ٞ‫ننحضٌْ ْنن‬٤‫ِر‬٠ ‫ننغ‬٤ٔ‫ٗإًننى ٌُننْ إٔ ؾ‬ٝ ‫ٗكننٖ ٗططِننغ إٔ ٗٓننٔغ ٓ٘نني‬
.ٌٖٔٓ ‫هص‬ٝ ‫ح ذأٍْع‬ٜ٣‫ٍ إٔ ٗإو‬ٝ‫ف ٗكح‬ْٞٝ ٍ٣‫جُطوى‬ٝ
May be cause what we call (it represent you need resource)
.ٌ‫ٌو ٗحو‬ٞٓ ٍ‫ؼطر‬٣ ‫ى‬٤ً‫ًج جُطأ‬ٛ
A resource may be physical or not.
‫يجش‬ٝ ‫ أٗنص ضطؼحٓنَ ٓنغ ٖنًٍس يجش ْننٔؼس‬, ١‫ٕ ٓنحو‬ٞ‫ٌنن‬٣ ٫ ‫هنى‬ٝ ١‫ٌو ٓنحو‬ٞ‫ٕ جُٔن‬ٞ‫ٌن‬٣ ‫هنى‬
ٍٟ‫ني ًٔٗنط‬٤ُ‫ ذحُ٘ٓنرس ئ‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٜ‫نح ْنططؼحَٓ ٓؼني ك‬ٜٗ‫ جًٍُٗس ضإًنى ُني أ‬ًٙٛٝ ٢ُٔ‫ٌ ػح‬ٟٞ‫ق‬
.‫س‬٣ٍٛٞ‫ؾىجٌز ؾ‬ٝ ْٜٓ ٌ‫ى‬ٛٓٝ ‫س‬ٍٚ‫ضٔػَ ك‬
This means that as you a buyer you will obtain a competitive
advantage or reach to a competitive advantage point. Through this
you are dealing with the manufacturer.
.‫س‬٤ٓ‫ُز جُط٘حك‬٤ُٔ‫ ذح‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ ٓح‬٢ُ‫َ ئ‬ٛ‫٘ح ض‬ٛ ‫أٗص‬
If you went to define the competitive advantage how can you
define it?
.‫س‬٤ٓ‫ُز جُط٘حك‬٤ُٔ‫ذى إٔ ٗؼٍف ج‬٫
.ٙٞ‫ٌطٗل‬٣ ٝ‫ أ‬ٙٝ‫وِى‬٣ ٕ‫ٖ أ‬٣ٍ‫ن‬٥‫ ج‬٢ِ‫ؼد ػ‬ٚٝ ٌِٚٔ‫ أٗص ض‬٢ٖ ‫س‬٤ٓ‫ُز جُط٘حك‬٤ُٔ‫ج‬
Competitive advantage is something special unique to distinguish
your self and your product in something difficult to discolors from
061
your competitor and difficult to duplicate your imitate from the
other.
ٖ‫ ػن‬ٚ‫نُ ذن‬٤ٔ‫غ إٔ ضط‬٤‫ضٓنطط‬ٝ ‫ٔنس‬٤‫ٔػَ ه‬٣ ٖ٤‫ جُٔؼ‬٢ُٗ‫ًج ج‬ٛٝ ٖ٤‫ ٓؼ‬٢ٖ ‫ جٗي ضٔطِي‬٠٘‫ؼ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ
ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ‫٘نح ْنطلوى‬ٛ ‫ح أٗص‬ٜ‫ ٓكحًحض‬٢ِ‫ج ػ‬ِٞٔ‫ؼ‬٣ٝ ‫ٔس‬٤‫ٕ ضِي جُو‬ٍٝ‫ن‬٥‫ٌطٗق ج‬٣ ‫ػ٘ىٓح‬, ٖ٣ٍ‫ن‬٥‫ج‬
.‫ٔس‬٤‫جُو‬
‫ني‬٤‫ج ك‬ٞ‫ػون‬٣ ْ‫ن‬ِٜ‫س ضؿؼ‬٤‫ىجه‬ٛٓ ‫ًٓد‬ٝ ‫س‬٤ُٔ‫ٍز ػح‬ٜٖ ‫وس جُطؼحَٓ ٓغ ًٍٖحش يجش‬٣ٍ٠ ‫قع‬٫
‫حُف‬ٛٓٝ ‫٘غ‬ُٛٔ‫حُف ج‬ٛٓ( ٖ٤‫حُف جُطٍك‬ٛٓ ‫كون‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛٝ ٍٟ‫ج ٓؼي ًٔٗط‬ِٞٓ‫طؼح‬٣ ِْٜ‫ضؿؼ‬ٝ
)ٍٟ‫جُٔٗط‬

-please do not hesitate to write again if need further information.

.‫ٓس‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬ٟ‫ ئيج جقطؿص ج‬١ٍ‫ جًطد ٍٓز أن‬. ‫ ضطٍوو‬٫
If any time you need any information just write or phone we are
always to help you and give any information for you

ٕ‫غ أ‬٤‫وننس ضٓننطط‬٣ٍ‫ جُط‬ًٙ‫نن‬ٜ‫ذ‬ٝ .ٚ‫ ْننططؼحَٓ ٓؼنن‬١ً‫ جُنن‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗننط‬٠‫ ئُنن‬ٙ‫ؿنند إٔ ضأًننى‬٣ ‫ننًج ٓننح‬ٛ
.ٚ‫هِر‬ٝ ِٚ‫ضٌٓد ػو‬
By this way you can earn his mind and his heart.

-we look forward to the opportunity of business with a firm of

your standing.
‫ننح‬ٚٞٛ‫ن‬ٝ ‫نىز‬٤‫ ٓننغ ٓإْٓنحضٌْ يجش جُٓننٔؼس جُؿ‬ٝ‫نس ُِؼٔننَ ٓؼٌنْ أ‬ٍٚ‫ ك‬٢‫ٗكنٖ ٗططِنغ ئُنن‬
.٢‫ؿ‬٤‫ جْطٍجض‬١٤‫َ ًطهط‬٣ٞ‫ جُط‬ٟ‫ جُٔى‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
We want to make good relationship with you and continuous
business, continuous transaction.

-we will be pleased to supply any information you require.

.‫ح‬ٛٞ‫ٓحش أٗطْ ضططِر‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬١‫ىًْ ذأ‬٣ًٝ‫ٖ ذط‬٣ٌٍٝٓٓ ٌٕٞٗ ‫ف‬ْٞ

-we will take in to consideration all your particular requirements.

.‫ٔح ًحٗص‬ٜٓ ٌْ‫ِرحض‬٠ ًَ)‫س‬٣‫ جػطرحٌٗح (ٗأنً ذؿى‬٢‫ف ٗأنً ك‬ْٞ

-we look forward to receiving your order.

.ٌْٛ‫ جْطلٓحٌجش ضه‬ٟ‫ ج‬ٝ‫جًٍْٓ أ‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٝ‫ِرحضٌْ أ‬٠ ٍ‫ جْطورح‬٠ُ‫ٗكٖ ٗططِغ ئ‬

060
‫ًَ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُؼرحٌجش ‪ ٌٖٔ٣‬إٔ ٗٓطهىٓ‪ٜ‬ح أ‪ٓٗ ٝ‬طهىّ ذؼ‪ٜ٘ٓ ٝ‬ح ‪ٝ‬جػطوى أٗ٘‪ٝ ٢‬كوص ذنايٕ هللا‬
‫ك‪ ٢‬ق‪ٛ‬نى ذؼن‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬كٌنحٌ ك‪ٔ٤‬نح ‪٣‬طؼِنن ذٌ‪٤‬ل‪٤‬نس جُنٍو ػِن‪ ٢‬جٍُْنحُس ‪ٞٝ‬نٍذ٘ح أٓػِنس ػُ‪٣‬نُ‪١‬‬
‫جُطحُد ػِ‪ ٠‬جُؼرحٌجش جُط‪ ٌٖٔ٣ ٢‬إٔ ضٓطهىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ْ‪ٞ‬جء ك‪ٌْ ٢‬حُس ج‪ْ٫‬نطؼ‪ ّ٬‬أ‪ ٝ‬كن‪ٌْ ٢‬نحُس‬
‫جٍُو ػِ‪ ٢‬ج‪ْ٫‬طؼ‪.ّ٬‬‬

‫‪Quotations with tabulated forms‬‬

‫أق‪٤‬حٗنح ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪٘ٛ ٕٞ‬نحى ػنٍ‪ ٜٝ‬أْنؼحٌ ٓطر‪ٞ‬ػنس ‪ٝ‬ؾنح‪ُٛ‬ز ‪٣ٝ ,‬ؿند إٔ ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪٘ٛ ٕٞ‬حُني أٖننٌحٍ‬
‫ٓكىوز ٖٓ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُؼٍ‪.ٜٝ‬‬
‫‪Many quotations are made on special tabulated forms that make‬‬
‫‪information more organized easily understand and complete. In‬‬
‫‪this case, a covering letter should be sent with the tabulated‬‬
‫‪quotations. The covering letter includes the same opening and‬‬
‫‪closing sentence with the addition that the quotation is enclosed.‬‬
‫ًػ‪ ٖٓ ٍ٤‬ػٍ‪ ٜٝ‬ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ض‪ٝ ْٔٛ‬ض‪٘ٛ‬غ ذطٍ‪٣‬وس نح‪ٚ‬س قط‪ ٠‬ضُ‪ٝ‬و جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ‪ٝ‬ض٘ظٔ‪ٜ‬ح‬
‫ق‪٤‬ننع ًننَ ٖنن‪ٓ ٢‬رنن‪ٝ ٖ٤‬كنن‪ٌٓ ٢‬حٗنن‪ٓٝ ٚ‬طؼننحٌف ػِ‪٤‬نن‪ ٚ‬ذك‪٤‬ننع ٗ‪ٟ‬ننٖٔ ػننىّ قننى‪ٝ‬ظ ٓننح ‪ٓ٣‬ننٔ‪٠‬‬
‫ذح‪ٌ٩‬ذحى أ‪ ٝ‬جُطٗ‪ُ ٕ٣ٞ‬ى‪ ٟ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬أ‪ٓٓ ٝ‬طِْ جٍُْحُس‪.‬‬

‫‪Quotation form‬‬

‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪٣‬إو‪ ١‬ئُ‪ ٢‬ك‪٣ٍْ ْٜ‬غ ‪ٝ‬ذٓ‪ٝ ١٤‬ذٌَ جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش جُطن‪٣ ٢‬ؿند إٔ ٗؼط‪ٜ٤‬نح ‪٣ٝ‬ؿند إٔ‬
‫‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬جُل‪٘ٛ ْٜ‬ح ذىٌؾس جٌُٔحٍ (ج‪ ٟ‬إٔ ضل‪ ْٜ‬جٍُْحُس ًٔح أٌ‪٣‬ى ُ‪ٜ‬ح ٓنٖ هرنَ جٍُْٔنَ)‪ٝ‬ذ‪ٜ‬نً‪ٙ‬‬
‫جُكحُس ‪٣‬ؿد ئٌْحٍ ٌْحُس ضـط‪٤‬س ٓغ‬
‫‪Quotation form or the price list‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿننند إٔ ضط‪ٟ‬نننٖٔ ٌْنننحُس ضـط‪٤‬نننس أ‪ ٝ‬ضكطننن‪ ٟٞ‬ػِننن‪ٗ ٢‬لنننّ جُؿٔنننَ ج‪٫‬كططحق‪٤‬نننس ‪ٝ‬جُؿٔنننَ‬
‫جُهطحٓ‪٤‬س‪ ٠ٛٝ.‬ك‪ ٢‬جُ٘‪ٜ‬ح‪٣‬س ٌْحُس ْ‪ٞ‬جء ًحٗص ٌْحُس ضـط‪٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٌْ ٟ‬حُس أنٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫* ج‪ٌْ ٟ‬حُس ك‪ٓ ٢‬ؿحٍ ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ أ‪ ٝ‬قط‪ ٠‬جٍُْحتَ جُٗه‪٤ٛ‬س ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضطرن هحػنىز جُنػ‪٬‬ظ‬
‫كوٍجش‬
‫‪Opening paragraph, middle paragraph and closing paragraph‬‬
‫كنن‪ ٢‬جٍُْننحُس جُهح‪ٚ‬ننس ئيج جُطُٓننص ذننحُػ‪٬‬ظ كوننٍجش أ‪ٓ٤ُ ٫ ٝ‬ننص ه‪ٟ‬نن‪٤‬س ‪ٌُٝ‬ننٖ كنن‪ٓ ٢‬ؿننحٍ‬
‫ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ‬
‫‪Specially business letter, you should committee with three‬‬
‫‪paragraph letters‬‬

‫‪062‬‬
Trade with the Arab countries
Kronvic trading co ltd.
London, England
Dear Sir,
With reference to your enquiry about the activities of the real
estate in vestments co.ltd.

Though it has been established for only a short period of time, the
company due to the efforts of efficient and reliable directors is
expanding rapidly towards the instructions of idea. Housing
quarter in selective areas of the capital.
Amman

Yours faithfully,
Enquiries office.

Reply to a status enquiry (reputation and financial standing)

‫ٍز‬ٜ‫ننف جُٗنن‬ٞٞ‫ؿنند إٔ ض‬٣ َ‫ع ٓننٖ جٍُْننحت‬ٞ‫ننًج جُ٘نن‬ٛ ٢‫كنن‬ٝ ,‫م‬٣ٌ‫قننع ٌٓننحٕ ًطحذننس جُطننح‬٫*
.٢ُ‫جًٍُُٔ جُٔح‬ٝ
:‫ جٍُْحُس‬ٙٗ*
٢‫جُطن‬ٝ ‫وز‬ٝ‫نس جُٔكنى‬٣ٌ‫ْنطػٔحٌجش جُؼوح‬٫‫حش ٖنًٍس ج‬٠‫ٍ ٗٗنح‬ٞ‫ٌْٓ قن‬٬‫ جْطؼ‬٠ُ‫ع ئ‬ٞ‫(ذحٍُؾ‬
‫ن ٓكنىوز‬٠‫ ٓ٘نح‬٢‫وس جُر٘حء ك‬٣ٍ٠ٝ ‫ ئػٔحُ٘ح‬٠‫ْؼ٘ح ٓؿحٍ ٗٗح‬ٝ ‫ُوى‬ٝ ٍ٤ٛ‫هص ه‬ٝ ٢‫أْٓص ك‬
.ٕ‫ ػٔح‬٢‫ك‬
ٌْ‫ قٖٓ جْطٔحػ‬٠ِ‫ جُكِوس جُوحوٓس ًٌٍْٗٗ ػ‬٢‫ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‬٠ِ‫ًج جُوىٌ ػ‬ٜ‫ ذ‬٢‫ٌٗطل‬
.ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬ٝ

063
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبّيخ واىعشروُ‬

‫ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‪ْ٤‬‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٢‬جُطِرس جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪ٚ‬‬
‫ج‪ٛ‬ننن‪ْٝ ٬‬ننن‪ ٬ٜ‬ذٌنننْ كننن‪ ٢‬جُكِونننس جُػحٗ‪٤‬نننس ‪ٝ‬جُؼٗنننٍ‪ٓ ٕٝ‬نننٖ ٓنننحوز ٍٓجْننن‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬نننس ذحُِـنننس‬
‫ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬ننس‪ٓٗ ,‬ننطٌَٔ ٓننح ذننىأٗح ذنن‪ ٚ‬كنن‪ ٢‬جُكِوننس جُٓننحذوس ‪ٓٗٝ‬ننطٌَٔ جُكننى‪٣‬ع ػننٖ جُؼننٍ‪ٜٝ‬‬
‫جُط‪ٞ‬ػ‪٤‬س ذٔؼ٘‪ ٢‬جٕ جًٍُٗس جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬ؼس أق‪٤‬حٗح ٗط‪٤‬ؿس ‪ٍ٠‬ـ ٓ٘طؽ ؾى‪٣‬ى أ‪٣َ ٝ‬حوز أػٔنحُ‪ ْٜ‬أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٖٓ أؾَ ؾًخ َذحتٖ ؾىو ‪ٗٓٝ‬طٍ‪ِ٣ ٖ٣‬ؿأ‪ٝ‬ج جُ‪ًٛ ٢‬ج جُ٘‪ٞ‬ع ٖٓ جٍُْحتَ أ‪ ٝ‬جُؼٍ‪.ٜٝ‬‬

‫‪Voluntary offers:‬‬

‫‪Many manufacturers should market him self his company and his‬‬
‫‪product through what we call marketing mix.‬‬
‫أ ‪ٖ ٟ‬ننًٍس ‪٣‬ؿنند جٕ ضٓنن‪ٞ‬م ٗلٓنن‪ٜ‬ح أ‪٘ٓ ٝ‬طؿحض‪ٜ‬ننح ٓننٖ ننن‪ٓ ٍ٬‬ننح ‪ٓ٣‬ننٔ‪ ٠‬ذؼ٘ح‪ٚ‬ننٍ جُٔننُ‪٣‬ؽ‬
‫جُطٓ‪٣ٞ‬و‪.٠‬‬
‫‪The items of marketing mix are consisting of four bases: the first‬‬
‫‪base is the price, the second is product, the third is promotion, and‬‬
‫‪the four is the place.‬‬
‫ُننى‪٘٣‬ح أٌذننغ ػ٘ح‪ٚ‬ننٍ ٓ نُ‪٣‬ؽ ضٓنن‪٣ٞ‬و‪ُِ٘ٔ ٠‬طؿننحش جُٔحو‪٣‬ننس ‪ٛٝ‬نن‪ ٢‬جُٓننؼٍ ‪ٝ‬جُٔ٘ننطؽ ‪ٝ‬جُطننٍ‪٣ٝ‬ؽ‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُط‪٣َٞ‬غ‪.‬‬
‫ؾٔ‪٤‬غ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬طِكحش ج‪ٌ٫‬ذؼس جُط‪ ٠‬ضٔػنَ ػ٘ح‪ٚ‬نٍ جُٔنُ‪٣‬ؽ جُطٓن‪٣ٞ‬و‪ ٠‬ذحُِـنس ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس‬
‫ضرىأ ذكٍف‬
‫)‪(p‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٤ً ٠‬ق أٗص ًٔٓ‪ٞ‬م ُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ ضٓ‪ٞ‬م ضِي جُٔ٘طؿحش ٖٓ ن‪ ًٙٛ ٍ٬‬جٍُْحتَ؟‬
‫جُؿٔ‪ٜٔ٣ ٌٜٞ‬ن‪ ٚ‬جُٓنؼٍ ‪ٝ‬ن‪ٚٞٛ‬نح ئيج ًنحٗ‪ٞ‬ج قٓحْن‪ُ ٖ٤‬ن‪ٝ .ٚ‬أ‪ٟ٣‬نح جُٔ٘نطؽ ‪ًٝ‬نَ ٓنح ‪٣‬طؼِنن‬
‫ذىجتٍز ق‪٤‬حض‪ٝ ٚ‬جُطٍ‪٣ٝ‬ؽ ‪٤ًٝ‬نق ُِٔ٘نطؽ إٔ ‪ٗ٣‬نرغ ًنَ ضِني جُكحؾنحش ‪ًٝ‬نًُي جُٔ‪٬‬تٔنس ‪ٛٝ‬ن‪٠‬‬
‫ئ‪ٛ٣‬حٍ جُِٓؼس جُ‪ ٢‬جُُذ‪ ٕٞ‬ذحُطٍ‪٣‬وس جُٔ٘حْرس ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬هص ‪ٝ‬جُٓؼٍ جُٔ٘حْد‪.‬‬
‫?‪How can the product satisfy all needs‬‬
‫ٓح ‪ٜ٘ٔ٣‬ح ‪٘ٛ‬ح ‪ ٞٛ‬جُطٍ‪٣ٝ‬ؽ ‪ٝ,‬ػ٘ىٗح ٓح ‪ ٠ٔٓ٣‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ػ٘ح‪ ٍٚ‬جُُٔ‪٣‬ؽ جُطٍ‪٣ٝ‬ؿ‪.٢‬‬

‫‪Communication‬‬
‫ج‪٩‬ض‪ٛ‬حٍ‬

‫‪- We can use a business letter as a devise of promotion.‬‬

‫‪064‬‬
‫ٗكٖ ٍٗ‪٣‬ى جٕ ٌٗٓد ‪ٓٗٝ‬طٌٗق َذحتٖ ؾنىو ‪ٗٝ‬هرنٍ ج‪٫‬ننٍ‪ ٖ٣‬ػنٖ ‪ٝ‬ؾن‪ٞ‬و ٓ٘طؿحض٘نح ‪ٝ‬ػنٖ‬
‫ػٍ‪٘ٞٝ‬ح ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ٜ٘ٔ٣ ٢‬ح جٕ ‪ٓ ٌٕٞ٣‬ؼىٍ ج‪ْ٫‬طؿحذس ػحُ‪.٠‬‬
‫‪ ٖٓٝ‬جٌُٖٔٔ جٕ ٍَْٗ ٓحتس ٌْحُس ك‪ ٢‬ق‪ ٖ٤‬جٗ٘ح ُ‪ًٓ ٞ‬ر٘ح ػٍٗز ٌْحتَ كو‪ ١‬كحٕ ٓ٘طؿحض٘نح‬
‫ْطُ‪٣‬ى ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٢‬أٌذحق٘ح أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ْطُ‪٣‬ى‪ٝ ,‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٢‬ؿد إٔ ٗطؼحَٓ ٓغ جُُذحتٖ ػِ‪ ٢‬أٗ‪ ْٜ‬ه‪ٔ٤‬س‬
‫ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُٔ٘طؽ‪.‬‬
‫‪- This will increase our marketing share and this means that‬‬
‫‪prospective ten buyer come to buy.‬‬
‫‪This means that our sales will increase and our profit will increase‬‬
‫‪too.‬‬
‫‪٘ٛ ٖٓٝ‬ح ضحض‪ ٢‬ج‪٤ٔٛ‬س ‪ٝ‬كِٓلس ٓح ‪ ٠ٔٓ٣‬خ‬
‫‪Voluntary offers or sales letter‬‬

‫‪- Companies aiming to strengthen the existing business or to start‬‬

‫‪new business connection, write "sales promotion letters" to‬‬
‫‪prospective customers.‬‬
‫جًٍُٗحش ض‪ٜ‬ىف جُ‪ ٢‬ضو‪٣ٞ‬س ج‪٫‬ػٔحٍ جُكحُ‪٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز أ‪ ٝ‬ضرىأ ك‪ ٢‬ضوى‪ ْ٣‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُو‪٤‬حّ ذأػٔحٍ‬
‫يجش ػ‪٬‬هس ‪ًٝ‬طحذس ٌْحُس ضٍ‪٣ٝ‬ؿ‪٤‬س جُ‪ ٢‬جُُذحتٖ جُٔ٘طظٍ‪ ٖٓٝ ٖ٣‬ن‪ً ٍ٬‬طحذس ‪ ًٙٛ‬جٍُْحُس‬
‫ٗكون جُ‪ٜ‬ىف‪.‬‬
‫‪-these letters are normally sent out in the form of circular letters, a‬‬
‫‪direct advertisement or TV commercial.‬‬
‫ضِي جٍُْحتَ ‪ ٌٖٔ٣‬إٔ ضٍَْ ػِ‪ٌْ ٌَٖ ٢‬حتَ ٓطؼىوز ُِؿٔ‪٤‬نغ أ‪ ٝ‬ئػن‪ٓ ٕ٬‬رحٖنٍ ‪ٝ‬ػ٘نىٓح‬
‫ٗطكىظ ػٖ ئػ‪ٓ ٕ٬‬رحٍٖ ‪ًٛ‬ج ‪٣‬ؼ٘‪ ٠‬جٗ٘ح ٗٓطهىّ أٗن‪ٞ‬جع ٓطؼنىوز ٓنٖ ه٘ن‪ٞ‬جش ج‪٫‬ض‪ٛ‬نحٍ ٓػنَ‬
‫جٍُجو‪ٝ ٞ٣‬جُطِ‪٤‬لُ‪ٝ ٕٞ٣‬جُٔؿ‪٬‬ش ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ٛ‬كق ‪ٝ‬جُؿٍجتى‪.‬‬
‫‪- All these devises we can use but what is the type of our‬‬
‫‪advertisement because there are many type of advertisement.‬‬
‫‪٘ٛ‬حى ج‪٫‬ػن‪ ٕ٬‬ج‪٫‬نرنحٌ‪ٝ ١‬ج‪٫‬ػن‪ ٕ٬‬جُنً‪٣ ١‬ؿنًخ ج‪ٗ٫‬طرنح‪ٝ ٙ‬ج‪٫‬ػن‪ ٕ٬‬جُنً‪ٚٞ٣ ٟ‬نَ ٌْنحُس‬
‫ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ‪ ًٍُ٣ٝ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ن‪ٞ‬ج٘ جُٔ٘طؽ ‪ٝ‬ج‪٫‬ػ‪ ٖٓ ٕ٬‬أؾَ َ‪٣‬حوز جُر‪٤‬غ‪.‬‬
‫‪ٛ٣ٝ‬نْٔ ج‪٫‬ػنن‪ ٕ٬‬قٓنند جُـننٍ‪ ٜ‬جُنً‪ ١‬أٗٗننح ٓننٖ جؾِنن‪ًٝ .ٚ‬نْ ‪ٌ٣‬ننٌٍ ج‪٫‬ػنن‪٤ٓٞ٣ ٕ٬‬ننح قطنن‪٠‬‬
‫‪٣‬طٍى أغٍج ك‪ ٠‬جُٔٗح‪ٛ‬ى‪ٖ٣‬؟‬
‫كٔننػ‪ ٬‬ئػ‪ٗ٬‬ننحش ً‪ًٞ‬ننحً‪ ٫ٞ‬ضؿننى‪ٛ‬ح ننن‪ ٍ٬‬ج‪ ١‬ذٍٗننحٓؽ ‪ٝ‬ػِنن‪ٓ ٠‬ؼظننْ جُٔكطننحش جُل‪ٟ‬ننحت‪٤‬س‬
‫‪ٝ‬ج‪٤ٌٞ٫‬س ٓٔنح ‪٣‬طنٍى جغنٍج ج‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬نح ػِن‪ ٠‬جُؿٔ‪ٜ‬ن‪ ٌٞ‬جُٔٗنح‪ٛ‬ى ‪٣ٝ‬ىكؼن‪ ٚ‬جُن‪ ٠‬جُٗنٍجء ‪ٓٝ‬نٖ غنْ‬
‫جػحوز جٍُٗجء‪.‬‬
‫* ‪ٝ‬ئيج أٌوٗح إٔ ٗكٌ‪ ٠‬ػٖ ٓ٘طؿحش ج‪٠‬لحٍ ‪٣‬ؿد ذػ‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ ٠‬ه٘حز ج‪٠٫‬لحٍ ‪ٝ‬كن‪ٝ ٠‬هنص ػنٍ‪ٜ‬‬
‫جُرٍجٓؽ جُٔ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٜ‬س ُ‪٠٬‬لنحٍ ‪ٝ.‬ج‪ٟ٣‬نح جيج جٌوٗنح جٕ ٗكٌن‪ ٠‬ػنٖ ٓ٘طؿنحش ٓ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٜ‬نس جُن‪ ٠‬جُ٘ٓنحء‬
‫‪065‬‬
٠‫ٕ كن‬ٞ‫ٗن‬ٌٞ٣ ‫ش‬٬ٓ‫نٍ جُؼنح‬٤‫نح ؿ‬ٚٞٛ‫ن‬ٝ ‫ع جٕ ٓؼظنْ جُ٘ٓنحء‬٤‫ٍ ق‬ٜ‫ؿد جٕ ضرع هرَ جُظ‬٣
‫ؿنند إٔ ٗٓننطـَ ضِنني‬٣ ٠ُ‫ذحُطننح‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ننحت‬ٟ‫ جُل‬ٝ‫س أ‬٤‫نن‬ٌٞ٧‫ جُٔكطننحش ج‬ٝ‫ج ذؼن‬ٞ‫طننحذؼ‬٣ٝ ْٜ‫ض‬ٞ‫نن‬٤‫ذ‬
.‫جُ٘وطس‬
ٖ‫نىف ٓن‬ُٜ‫ٓنح ج‬ٝ ٚ‫و ٓ٘ن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ‫ٓنح جُٔو‬ٝ ٕ٬‫ػن‬٫‫ؼنس ج‬٤‫حّ ذىٌجْنس ًحِٓنس ُطر‬٤‫ؿد جُو‬٣ ‫ًُُي‬ٝ *
‫ٗطٍٗننص‬٫‫ٌٔننٖ جْننطهىجّ ج‬٣ٝ ٕ٬‫ػنن‬٫‫نن٘ح ٓننٖ ج‬ٍٞ‫ ؿ‬ٞ‫نن‬ٛ ‫ٓننح‬ٝ ٚ‫ؾنن‬ٞ٣ ٖ‫ ٓنن‬٠‫جُنن‬ٝ ٕ٬‫ػنن‬٫‫ج‬
.‫جهغ‬ُٞٔ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫وز ػ‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ُٞٔ‫ٗحش ج‬٬‫ػ‬٫‫ ج‬ٝ‫ذؼ‬ٝ ‫ٗحش‬ٝ‫جُٔى‬ٝ
-when writing such letters, one must see that they are persuasive,
convincing, price and impressive regarding quality…..etc.
‫تٔننس‬٬ٓ َ‫ٕ جٍُْننحت‬ٞ‫ؿنند جٕ ضٌنن‬٣ٝ , ‫ٕ ٓو٘ننغ‬ٞ‫ؿنند جٕ ضٌنن‬٣ ‫ننس‬٤ٗ٬‫ػ٘ننىٓح ضٌطنند ٌْننحتَ جػ‬
٠‫ًٍٓنُز ػِن‬ٝ ‫نكس‬ٞٞٓ ٕٞ‫نح جٕ ضٌن‬ٟ٣‫ؿند ج‬٣ٝ ‫ىف‬ٜ‫ٌ جُٔٓنط‬ٜٞٔ‫ جُؿ‬ٝ‫س ج‬ٜ‫ؾ‬ُٞٔ‫س ج‬ٜ‫ُِؿ‬
.)‫ جُهىٓحش‬ٝ‫ جُٓؼٍ أ‬ٝ‫وز أ‬ٞ‫ جُؿ‬٠ِ‫ى جٕ ضًٍُ ػ‬٣ٍ‫َ ض‬ٛ( ٕ٬‫ػ‬٫‫ ٖٓ ج‬ٚ‫ىك‬ٜ‫ى جٕ ضٓط‬٣ٍ‫ٓحض‬
٠ُ‫ذحُطنح‬ٝ ,ّ‫ جُؼنح‬ٞ‫جُؿن‬ٝ ٘‫ٖنهح‬٫‫ٌجء ج‬ٝ ٕٞ‫ ضٌن‬٠‫س جُط‬٤‫ؿد إٔ ضؼٌّ جُهِل‬٣ ‫ٗحش‬٬‫ػ‬٫‫* ج‬
ًٙ‫نن‬ٛ َ‫ ًنن‬٠‫ذننى إٔ ضًٍننُ ػِنن‬٫ٝ .ٕ٬‫ػنن‬٫‫ننىف ٓننٖ ج‬ُٜ‫ننَ جٍُْننحُس قٓنند ج‬ٚٞ‫غ إٔ ض‬٤‫ضٓننطط‬
.‫ ٓؿطٔؼس‬٠‫جُ٘وح‬
Good sales letter are based on four fundamental points:
- There are four requirement should satisfy if we need our
business letter or advertisement or what we call promotion to be
successful.
:‫س‬٤ٓ٤‫ ٌت‬٠‫ جٌذغ ٗوح‬٠ِ‫س جُ٘حؾكس ضًٍُ ػ‬٣ٌ‫ؼحش جُطؿح‬٤‫ٌْحُس جُٔر‬
1- Attention:
ٙ‫ٗطرح‬٫‫ج‬
ُٟٚٞ‫ٍ ك‬٤‫ ضػ‬- To attract the reader's attention (arouse his curiosity)
to read further, so the opening paragraph ٚ‫أه٘ؼ‬and induce him
should perhaps be more direct and personal, and more original
than in other letters.
ٌٟ‫ جُونح‬ٙ‫ ضؿنًخ جٗطرنح‬٠‫قطن‬ٝ ,ٌٞ‫ن‬ٜٔ‫ جُؿ‬ٝ‫ جُٔٓنطٔغ أ‬ٙ‫ ؾًخ جٗطرح‬٠ِ‫ٕ هحوٌ ػ‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣
‫نطْ أًػنٍ ُنًُي‬ٜ٣ ٕ‫أ‬ٝ ٍ‫ٓنحش أًػن‬ِٞ‫ؿٔنغ ٓؼ‬٣ٝ ٍ‫ونٍأ أًػن‬٣ ٕ‫ أ‬ٚ‫ضو٘ؼن‬ٝ ُٟٚٞ‫ٍ ك‬٤‫ؿد إٔ ضػ‬٣
.‫س‬٤ٛ‫ٖه‬ٝ ٍ‫ٕ ٓرحٍٖز أًػ‬ٌٞ‫ جٍُْحُس ٌذٔح ض‬٠‫س ك‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫جُؿِٔس ج‬
Every one is different between the needs and performance of the
persons. It is difficult to find two persons have the same needs, the
same performance and the same way of thinking.
ّ‫ٗلن‬ٝ ‫ش‬٬٤‫ن‬ٟ‫جُطل‬ٝ ‫جٍُؿرنحش‬ٝ ‫ٔنح ٗلنّ جُكحؾنحش‬ُٜ ٖ٤ٛ‫ؼد ؾىج جٕ ضؿى ٖه‬ُٛ‫ٖٓ ج‬
.ٍ٤ٌ‫وس جُطل‬٣ٍ٠

066
If you want to applied new marketing concept, you should meet
the needs, performance and wants of the customer. You should
deal with the customer in good and suitable way according the
way of thinking.
ٟ‫جٍُؿرننحش ُننى‬ٝ ‫ؿنند جٖننرحع جُكحؾننحش‬٣ ‫ن‬٣ٞ‫ع ُِطٓنن‬٣‫ّ جُكننى‬ٞ‫نن‬ٜ‫جيج جٌوٗننح جٕ ٗطرننن جُٔل‬
‫ ٓو٘نغ‬ٞٛ‫قٓد ٓنح‬ٝ ٍٙ٤ٌ‫وس ضل‬٣ٍ‫روح ُط‬٠ ٚ‫حٍ ٓؼ‬ٛ‫ض‬٫‫ج‬ٝ ‫ىز‬٤‫وس ؾ‬٣ٍ‫ ذط‬ٚ‫ٓؼحِٓط‬ٝ ‫ِي‬ٜ‫جُٔٓط‬
.ُٚ
ّ‫طٔننح‬ٛ‫ ؾننًخ ج‬٠‫ جُنن‬٠‫ كنن٘كٖ ٗٓننؼ‬, ٙ‫ ٓ٘حْننرس جٍُْننحُس ُِٗننه‬ٟ‫ننس ٓننى‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬٢‫ ضننأض‬٢ُ‫ذحُطننح‬ٝ
‫ُننًُي‬,٠‫ونن‬٤‫قو‬ٝ ْ‫ وجتنن‬ٍٟ‫ ٓٗننط‬٠‫ جُنن‬٠ُ‫ جُكننح‬ٍٟ‫ننَ جُٔٗننط‬٣ٞ‫ضك‬ٝ ٚ‫نن‬٤‫ٍ ك‬٤‫ جُطننحغ‬٠‫جُنن‬ٝ ‫ِي‬ٜ‫جُٔٓننط‬
.َ‫ جٍُْحت‬ًٙٛ ٢‫حُس ك‬ٚ‫أًػٍ أ‬ٝ ‫س‬٤ٛ‫ٖه‬ٝ ‫ٕ ٓ٘حْرس‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫س‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫جُلوٍز ج‬
We should create the feeling that this product is made special for
the customer or the buyer.
Example:
You and just few others were chosen.
.ِ‫ٖ ًَ جُ٘ح‬٤‫ ٖٓ ذ‬ٝ‫جُرؼ‬ٝ ‫ٗكٖ جنطٍٗحى‬
.‫ جٍُٗجء‬٠ِ‫ورَ ػ‬٣ ِٚ‫ؿؼ‬٣ٝ ٍٟ‫ق جُٔٗط‬٠‫ج‬ٞ‫ىؿىؽ ػ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ *
ٖ‫ض‬ٞ‫نن‬٤ٗ ‫طننٍى أغنٍج قٓنند هحػنىز‬٣ ‫ف‬ٞ‫ ْن‬ٚ‫نًج جُٔ٘رنن‬ٛ.ٍ‫نن‬٤‫ ٓػ‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٚ‫جٍُْنحُس ػرنحٌز ػننٖ ٓ٘رن‬ٝ
"ٙ‫ضؿح‬٫‫ ج‬٠‫ ك‬ُٚ ًّ‫ٓؼح‬ٝ ٌ‫ جُٔوىج‬٠‫ ك‬ُٚ ٟٝ‫"ٌَُ كؼَ ٌو كؼَ ٓٓح‬
2- Desire:
‫اىرغجخ‬
for - People buy things because it satisfies something they want
their own (profit, pleasure, success….etc.)
- It's different between needs and wants.
Needs is limited (food, water, respect, reach to your
Goal) but the wants is a devise not limited so for one
Need we use many wants so as marketer you should
Deal with the wants as you can affect in the customer
And create the attention of customer by concentrated on the
wants.
ٟ‫ؾننى جُكحؾننس ُننى‬ٝ‫أ‬ٝ ‫ نِننن‬٠ُ‫ضؼننح‬ٝ ٚٗ‫هللا ْننركح‬ٝ , ‫ٖننرحع جُكحؾننس‬٫ ‫ِس‬٤‫ْنن‬ٝ ٠‫نن‬ٛ : ‫جٍُؿرننس‬
٫‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫٘ننح ًٔٓنن‬٤ُ‫ ٓؿننحٍ ج‬٫ ‫ح ُننًُي‬ٛ‫ؾننى‬ٞٗ ٝ‫غ إٔ ٗهِننن قحؾننس أ‬٤‫ ٗٓننطط‬٫ ٖ‫ٗكنن‬ٝ ٍ‫جُرٗنن‬
.‫ذطؼحِٓ٘ح ٓغ جٍُؿرحش‬
.‫ جُروحء‬ٝ‫ جُط٘حَْ أ‬ٝ‫ جُؿّ٘ أ‬٠ُ‫ْ ذكحؾس ج‬ٛ ٌُٖٝ ٕٞ‫ؾ‬ُٝ‫ط‬٣ ٫ ِ‫ٍ ٖٓ جُ٘ح‬٤‫* ًػ‬
٢‫ٍ ك‬٤ٌ‫ ذحُطل‬ٝ‫رىأ‬٤‫هحٌخ ك‬٫‫ج‬ٝ َٛ٫‫ ٖٓ هرَ ج‬٠ٞ‫ـ‬ُٟ ‫ج‬ٍٞٞ‫طؼ‬٣ ٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ
067
 .‫ج‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ُٝ‫ط‬٣ ٕ‫ أ‬٠ُ‫جؼ ج‬ُُٝ‫ج‬
ٖ‫ٌن‬٣ ْ‫ ُن‬٠‫جؼ جُطن‬ُٝ‫س ؾؼِص ٓنٖ كٌنٍز جُن‬٤‫ نحٌؾ‬ٟٞ‫ ه‬ٝ‫ٍ أ‬٤‫ًج جُٔػحٍ جْطهىٓ٘ح ٓػ‬ٛ ٢‫* ك‬
.‫ح ًحٓ٘س‬ٌُٜ٘ٝ ٕ‫ٗٓح‬٫‫وز ػ٘ى ج‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٞٓ ٌٕٞ‫ كحُكحؾس هى ض‬.‫س‬٣ُٞٝ‫ح أ‬ٜ‫طْ ذ‬ٜ٣
ٕ‫غ ج‬٤‫ ٗٓنطط‬١ً‫نىجٕ جُن‬٤ُٔ‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ه‬ًٞٓٔ ٖ‫ٗك‬ٝ .‫ٖرحع ٗلّ جُكحؾس‬٫ ‫ْحتَ ٓطؼىوز‬ٝ ‫٘حى‬ٛٝ *
.‫جم أًػٍ ٖٓ جُكحؾحش‬َٝ٫‫ج‬ٝ ‫ش‬٬٤ٟ‫جُطل‬ٝ ‫ىجٕ جٍُؿرحش‬٤ٓ ٞٛ ٚ٤‫ِٗؼد ك‬
‫ٓنحيج‬ٝ ‫ ذحٍُؿرنس؟‬٠‫ٓنحيج ٗؼ٘ن‬ٝ ‫ ذحُكحؾنس؟‬٠٘‫ ٓحيج ٗؼ‬, ْٜ‫س ُِل‬٤‫و‬٣ٞٓ‫ٖ جُط‬٤ٓ‫ح‬ُٟٔ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ *
.‫ؼحش‬٤‫ْ ٌْحتَ جُٔر‬٤ٔٛ‫ ض‬٠‫ ك‬٠‫ْ ؾىج قط‬ٜٓ ‫ًج‬ٛ ‫َ؟‬٤ٟ‫ ذحُطل‬٠٘‫ٗؼ‬
.‫جُٔإْٓحش‬ٝ ‫ قحؾحش ًًُي جًٍُٗحش‬ُٚ ٠ٛ‫ جُٗه‬ٟٞ‫ جُٔٓط‬٠ِ‫ٗٓحٕ ػ‬٫‫ًٔح جٕ ج‬ٝ
The firms are represented a system and the person is represent a
system. Any system consists of many items (input, output,
feedback information, internal environment, external environment
and communication between all these parts).

.‫س‬٤ِ‫ثس جُىجن‬٤‫جُر‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ثس جُهحٌؾ‬٤‫ جُر‬٠‫ٍجش جُٔٓطٍٔز ك‬٤‫ق ٓغ جُطـ‬٤ٌ‫ط‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ ّ‫ ٗظح‬ٟ‫* ج‬
Continuous changing in the environment this is fact, the old fact in
this life is change so any system have at least three goals. The
third goal is to achieve some benefit or achieve some profit.{profit
is one part benefit} so any system want to meet all three goals it
should adapt by good communications with other.
The suitable method to communicate with other is written
business letter.

٠‫جُن‬,‫ جُكِونس جُوحوٓنس‬٠‫ جُكِوس ٓغ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ كن‬ًٙٛ ٠‫ًج جُوىٌ ك‬ٜ‫ ذ‬٠‫ جُطِرس ٌٗطل‬٠‫أػُجت‬
ٚ‫ط‬٣‫ٌػح‬ٝ ‫ قلع هللا‬٠‫ٖ وٓطْ ك‬٤‫يُي جُك‬
.ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬ٝ

068
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبىخخ واىعشروُ‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪ٚ‬‬

‫أ‪ٛ‬ننن‪ْٝ ٬‬ننن‪ ٬ٜ‬ذٌنننْ كننن‪ ٠‬جُكِونننس جُػحُػنننس ‪ٝ‬جُؼٗنننٍ‪ٓ ٕٝ‬نننٖ ٓنننحوز ٍٓجْننن‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬نننس ذحُِـنننس‬
‫ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪,‬ضطٍه٘ح ذحُٔكح‪ٍٞ‬ز جُٓحذوس جُ‪ٓ ٠‬ح ‪ ٠ٔٓ٣‬خ‬

‫‪Voluntary letters or sales letters‬‬

‫‪ْٝ‬ننرن إٔ أ‪ٞٝ‬ننك٘ح ‪ٝ‬هِ٘ننح إٔ ٌْننحُس ج‪٫‬ػٔننحٍ جُط‪ٞ‬ػ‪٤‬ننس ‪ٝ‬جُطنن‪ٍْ٣ ٠‬ننَ ذ‪ٜ‬ننح جُٔ‪ٛ‬نن٘غ ئُنن‪٠‬‬
‫جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٖ٣‬جُٔكطِٔن‪٣ ٖ٤‬ؿند إٔ ضٌن‪ ٕٞ‬هنحوٌز ػِن‪ ٠‬ؾنًخ ئٗطرنح‪ ْٜٛ‬غنْ ذؼنى يُني قٌ‪٘٤‬نح ػنٖ‬
‫جٍُؿرننس ‪٤ًٝ‬ننق ‪٣‬ؿنند نِننن جٍُؿرننس أ‪ ٝ‬ئ‪٣‬ؿحو‪ٛ‬ننح ػ٘ننى جُٔٗننطٍ‪ٝ ٖ٣‬يُنني ٓننٖ ننن‪ٓ ٍ٬‬وحذِننس‬
‫قحؾحض‪ٝ ْٜ‬ضل‪٬٤ٟ‬ض‪ٝ ْٜ‬أَ‪ٝ‬جه‪.ْٜ‬‬
‫‪Example:‬‬
‫‪In these days of rising prices and falling incomes,‬‬
‫‪You not only need for a career but also for a better‬‬
‫‪Career.‬‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ‬ج‪٣٧‬حّ ‪ٓٝ‬ح ‪ٍ٣‬جكو‪ٜ‬ح ٖٓ ضؼو‪٤‬ىجش ‪ٝ‬ضوىّ ضٌ٘‪ُٞٞ‬ؾ‪ٝ ٠‬ئٌضلحع ك‪ ٢‬ج‪ْ٧‬نؼحٌ ‪ٝ‬ئٗهلنح‪ ٜ‬كن‪٢‬‬
‫جُىن‪ ٍٞ‬أٗص ُٓص ذكحؾس جُ‪ٜ٘ٓ ٠‬س ‪ ٌُٖٝ‬أٗص ذكحؾس ئُ‪ٜ٘ٓ ٠‬س أك‪.َٟ‬‬
‫* ٓػَ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُؼرحٌجش هى ضٓطهىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ ٢‬جُ‪ْٞ‬حتَ جُطٍ‪٣ٝ‬ؿ‪٤‬س جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬ذس ‪ ٖٓٝ‬جٌُٖٔٔ إٔ ضكون‬
‫ؿح‪٣‬طي ‪ٝ‬أ‪ٛ‬ىجكي ٖٓ ن‪ًٛ ٍ٬‬ج جٌُ‪.ّ٬‬‬
‫‪3- convincing:‬‬
‫اإليقْبع‬

‫‪-you should create convincing in the mind of your‬‬

‫‪Prospective buyer.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬هحوٌ ػِ‪ ٠‬نِن جُو٘حػس ك‪ ٠‬ي‪ ٖٛ‬جُٔٓط‪ِٜ‬ي نح‪ٚ‬طي‪.‬‬

‫‪-to convince the customer that your product or your off‬‬

‫‪Has special merit and that is in his interest to accept it,‬‬
‫‪Supported your statement by facts and experiments tests‬‬
‫*ػ٘ىٓح ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬ػٍ‪ٞ‬ي ك‪ٖ ٚ٤‬ن‪٤ٔٓ ٠‬نُ ُنٖ ضؿنى‪ ٙ‬كن‪ ٠‬ػنٍ‪ ٜٝ‬جُٔ٘حكٓن‪ٓ ٖ٤‬نغ جُطًٍ‪٤‬نُ‬
‫ػِنن‪ٓ ٠‬ننح ‪ٍ٣‬جكننن ٓ٘طؿنني ‪ٖٝ‬ننٍ‪ ٠ٝ‬ض‪٣ٌٞ‬ننى‪ٝ ٙ‬جُه‪ٛ‬نن‪ٓٞ‬حش ‪ٝ‬نننىٓحش ٓحهرننَ جُر‪٤‬ننغ ‪ٝ‬نننىٓحش‬
‫‪069‬‬
‫ُنى جُو٘حػنس‬ٞ‫ٌٔنٖ إٔ ض‬٣ ٌٞ‫ٓن‬٧‫ ج‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ َ‫نٔحٕ ًن‬ُٟ‫ج‬ٝ ‫نغ‬٤‫نىٓحش ٓح ذؼنى جُر‬ٝ ٠‫ؼ‬٤‫جٍُٔجكن جُر‬
.‫ٍٖجء ٓ٘طؿي‬ٝ ‫ ُِطؼحَٓ ٓؼي‬ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬ٝ‫ِي أ‬ٜ‫ جُٔٓط‬ٟ‫ُى‬

Example:
The career's digest gives you the latest ideas to
Enhance your opportunity in life.
٠ٍٝ‫نْ ٖن‬ٛ‫ ٖٓ أ‬ٜٞ‫ٕ ٓو٘غ ك‬ٌٞ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ٝ,‫ح‬ٜٚ‫ئهط٘ح‬ٝ ٍ٘‫ ئًطٓحخ جُل‬٠ِ‫ٓحػىى ػ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ
٢‫نٍ كن‬٤‫و جُِٓؼس غْ ذؼى يُني ضـ‬ٞ‫ؾ‬ٝ ٖ‫نرحٌ ػ‬٩‫ٗحش ضرىأ ذح‬٬‫ػ‬٩‫ع ٖٓ ج‬ٞٗ ‫٘حى‬ٛٝ ٕ٬‫ػ‬٩‫ج‬
ٕ٬‫ػن‬٩‫ًنًُي ج‬ٝ ٍٙ٣ٞ‫ن‬ٛ‫نس ض‬٤‫ل‬٤ًٝ ٕ٬‫ػن‬٩‫نس ج‬٤ُ‫ آ‬٠‫نح كن‬ٟ٣‫نٍ أ‬٤‫ضـ‬ٝ ٚ‫ىكن‬ٛٝ ٕ٬‫ػ‬٩‫ؼس ج‬٤‫ر‬٠
‫ جُٔ٘طؿنحش‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ٖ‫ ػن‬١ٍ‫ جُٔٗنط‬ٝ‫ِي أ‬ٜ‫نٖ جُٔٓنط‬ٛ‫ ي‬٢‫ُنى ه٘حػنس كن‬ٞ‫نى إٔ ض‬٣ٍ‫خ كأٗص ض‬ٞ‫جٌُٔط‬
.َٔ‫ جُؼ‬٠ٔٓ‫ ض‬ٍٟ‫ ٍٓقِس أن‬٠ُ‫جًٍُٗحش غْ ذؼى يُي ض٘طوَ ج‬ٝ‫أ‬

4- Action:
‫اىعَو‬
In order to make this final step as easy for him as Possible, use
stamped and addressed envelopes, Or prepaid postcards so that it
doesn't cost him Any thing, all you ask your readers to do is to
Sign a form or card enclosed in your letter.

* First impression generate when the buyer see the envelope. The
shape or the form of envelope will enter in the forming of the first
impression.
‫ ٓـِنق ضرنىأ‬ٟ٫ ‫ٓي‬٬‫نس ػ٘نى جْنط‬٤‫ػ‬ٞ‫ جٍُْنحتَ جُط‬٢‫نح كن‬ٚٞٛ‫ن‬ٝ ِْ‫ ٓٓنط‬ٝ‫ٕ أ‬ٞ‫أٗص ًُذ‬
.ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٩‫ٖ ج‬٣ٌٞ‫ح ذط‬٤ِٔ‫ػ‬
٠‫نٍ ػِن‬٤‫ؼطٔنى ذٗنٌَ ًر‬٣ ٠‫نحت‬ُٜ٘‫ٗطرنحع ج‬٩‫هِ٘نح إٔ ج‬ٝ ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرنحع ج‬٩‫نس ج‬٤ٔٛ‫٘ح أ‬٤‫ْرن إٔ ذ‬ٝ
.ٍٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٩‫ج‬
* Total impression more than seventy percent will formed
according the first impression. This means that the first impression
is very important.
ٚ‫هٍجءضن‬ٝ ‫ جُٔؿِنى‬ٝ‫ف أ‬ٍٝ‫ٍ جُٔظن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٚٝ ‫ٕ ٓنٖ ٓؿنٍو‬ٌٞ‫ٍ ضط‬ٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٩‫ ج‬٢‫ز ك‬ٞ‫ٍ نط‬ٝ‫أ‬
.ٚ‫وس ًطحذط‬٣ٍ٠ٝ
:‫الحظ‬
٠‫ننٍ ٌِٓلننس ػِنن‬٤‫ننس ؿ‬٤ِٔ‫ننح إٔ جُؼ‬ٟ٣‫قننع أ‬٫ٝ ‫ننس‬٣‫ى‬٣ٍ‫جُرطحهننس جُر‬ٝ ‫جذننغ‬ٞ‫ننق ضٓننطهىّ جُط‬٤ً
. ‫م‬٬٠٫‫ج‬
071
ٍ‫نس ذاٌْنح‬٤‫ػ‬ٞ‫ ضرنىأ ذحٍُْنحتَ جُط‬٠‫ّ جُٗنًٍحش جُطن‬ٞ‫نس ضون‬٤ُ‫ٖٔ ٓؼىٍ ئْنطؿحذس ػح‬ٟ‫ ض‬٠‫قط‬
َ‫ ٓنغ جُرطحهنس وجنن‬ٚ‫نؼ‬ٟ٣ٝ ‫ؼرأ جُٔـِق‬٣ ٕ‫ أ‬٫‫د ئ‬٤‫ جُٔٓطؿ‬٠ِ‫ٓح ػ‬ٝ ‫ح‬ِٜ‫ذطحهس وجن‬ٝ ‫ٓـِق‬
ٕ‫ٔنس ٓنٖ أؾنَ أ‬ٜٓ ‫ ٗوطنس‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛٝ ٠ٖ ٟ‫ أ‬ٚ‫ح ُْ ضٌِل‬٤ِٔ‫ كأٗص ػ‬,ٚ٤ِ‫غ جُطحذغ ػ‬ٟ٣ٝ ‫جُظٍف‬
.ٕٞ‫ى جُُذ‬٣ٍ٣ ‫ٌٔ٘ي ٖٓ ٓؼٍكس ٓحيج‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ؼحش‬٤‫ جُٔر‬٠ِ‫حش ػ‬٣‫ى ٗٓرس جٍُو‬٣ُ‫ض‬
*By this way you can using what we call direct marketing or data
base marketing.
*In British they use direct marketing.
In American they use data base marketing.

-when you have as a manufacturer data base marketing about the

buyers or customers this help you and benefit you too to know
exactly what is you need and prefer of our customer so you can
easy plaid a new marketing concept and produce the suitable
product and service.
- Remember that anything can be marketed By this way you can
produce the product as a customer need.
-By this way you can achieve your goal and increase your benefit.
ٌّ‫ذؼ‬ٝ ‫ىجف‬ٛ٧‫ن ج‬٤‫ضكو‬ٝ ‫ ذىجتٍز جُ٘ؿحـ‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ ٓح‬٠ُ‫ٍ ج‬ٞ‫ٌ ضٌٔ٘ي ٖٓ جُىن‬ٞٓ٫‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ًَ
ٟ‫إو‬٣ ‫ٌذٔح يُي‬ٝ ‫ىجف‬ٛ٧‫ن ج‬٤‫غ ضكو‬٤‫ ُٖ ضٓطط‬٢ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ , َٗ‫ وجتٍز جُل‬٠ُ‫يُي أٗص ضىنَ ج‬
.‫م‬ُٞٓ‫ؼ ٖٓ ج‬ٍٝ‫ جُه‬٠ُ‫ذي ئ‬
‫ ضٌِق‬٫ ‫ح‬٤ِٔ‫جُطحذغ أٗص ػ‬ٝ ‫قع أٗي ػ٘ىٓح ضرؼع ذٍْحُس وجنَ جُِٔق ٓغ جُرطحهس‬٫ ٕ‫أي‬
.‫ جُرطحهس جٍُٔكوس ٓغ جٍُْحُس‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٚ‫ؼ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫س جٍُٗجء ذط‬٤ِٔ‫َ ػ‬ٜٓ‫ ض‬٠‫قط‬ٝ ٠ٖ ٟ‫ِي أ‬ٜ‫جُٔٓط‬
Example:
Please send us your subscription at once.
.‫ ٍْػس‬٢ٛ‫ذأه‬ٝ ٍ‫ جُكح‬٢‫ إٔ ضٍَْ ُ٘ح جٖطٍجًي ك‬ٞ‫أٌؾ‬
.‫ِس ؾىج‬ْٜ ‫وس‬٣ٍ‫ذط‬ٝ ‫هص‬ُٞ‫ٌِلي ج‬٣ ُٖٝ ٍ‫ج‬ٞٓ‫ىز ُْ ض٘لن أ‬٣‫س ٖى‬٠‫قع أٗي ذرٓح‬٫*
.‫ ٌْحتَ جُٔطحذؼس‬ٚ٤ِ‫طِن ػ‬٣ ‫س‬٤‫ػ‬ٞ‫ع آنٍ ٖٓ جٍُْحتَ جُط‬ٞٗ ‫٘حى‬ٛ*
When the current customer buy from you and complete with him
and take about a particular product disappoint he will take with
him self and thinking about his decision what the price it's suitable
or not , he is afraid from quality and the risk is low, how can we
remove all these thinks? He is hesitating between benefit and cost.
By this time, he will not recognize if his decision is true or not .so
any action will increase the desire side as a manufacturer if you
070
send him a letter. But thanking you for dealing our product. You
promise give assistant for any problem face.
This will reduce the feeling of afraid and encourage him to buy.
By this way you can keep your current customer.
.‫كؼحُس‬ٝ ‫وس ًلثس‬٣ٍ‫ٌؿرحش جُُذحتٖ ذط‬ٝ ‫ قحؾحش‬٠‫ذى إٔ ضِر‬٫ *

Follow up letters

*It's a second letter sent by the seller, if the buyer hasn't placed an
order or even replied to the seller's offer.
‫ ٌْحُس‬٠ِ‫خ ػ‬ٝ‫ ؾح‬ٍٟ‫ٌٖ جُٔٗط‬٣ ُْ ‫ٍَْ ٖٓ هرَ جُرحتغ ئيج‬٣ ٠ٗ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ نطحخ غح‬٠ٛ
.ٚ‫ جُطؼحَٓ ٓؼ‬٠ِ‫َ ػ‬ٛ‫ إٔ ٗك‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٍٟ‫ ٌْحُس أن‬ُٚ ‫ضرؼع‬ٝ ٚ‫ع ضطحذؼ‬٤‫ؼحش ذك‬٤‫جُٔر‬
The good follow up letter contain the following:
:٠‫ض‬٫‫ٖٔ ج‬ٟ‫ؿد إٔ ضط‬٣ ‫ٌْحتَ جُٔطحذؼس‬

-reference to the customer enquiry and that no response has been

received after the seller's offer.
)ٍٜ‫ٔ٘ح ُِؼ‬٣‫ٓطؿد ذؼى ضوى‬٣ ُْ ‫ع‬٤‫ّ جُُذحتٖ( ذك‬٬‫طؼِن ذٍْحتَ جْطؼ‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫* جٍُٔؾغ ك‬
-wonder why in a helping manner.
.‫س‬٣‫حو‬٤‫وس جػط‬٣ٍ‫ش ذط‬٫‫ ضٓحؤ‬ٟ‫* ج‬

-reassure promise of service.

.‫غ‬٤‫ح نىٓحش ٓح ذؼى جُر‬ٚٞٛ‫س ن‬٤‫حك‬ٞ‫ْ نىٓحش ج‬٣‫ػى ذطوى‬ُٞ‫ج‬ٝ ‫ى‬٤ً‫* جػحوز جُطأ‬
ٟ‫َ ج‬٣ً‫ضن‬ٝ ‫ جُٗنٍجء‬٠ِ‫ٕ جُٔ٘طظٍ ػ‬ٞ‫ ُكظس جُطٍوو ػ٘ىٓح ضرؼع ذٍْحُس ْطٓحػى جُُذ‬٢‫* ك‬
.‫ح‬٤ٞ‫رف ٌج‬ٛ٣ٝ ‫ٖي ػٖ جُٔ٘طؽ‬
Our purpose is to satisfy the customer to met the need of our
customer and also not only satisfy him but also give him more
than the level of his expectation in order to enter the loyalty stage.
We can reach the buyer to more than loyalty stage by giving him
more than what he expects.
٠‫ػٔن‬٫‫ء ج‬٫ٞ‫ ٍُٔقِنس جُن‬ٍٟ‫نَ ذحُٔٗنط‬ٛٗ ٕ‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫جُٔٓن‬ٝ ٖ٤‫٘ؼ‬ُٛٔ‫ ج‬ٚ٤ُ‫ ج‬ٞ‫ر‬ٛ٣ ‫* هٔس ٓح‬
.‫س‬٣‫ى ٓحو‬ٛ‫ج‬ٖٞ ‫ح‬ُٜ ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ‫ٌٖٔ أ‬٣ ًٙٛٝ ‫ء جُٔطِن ٓغ ٓ٘طؿحض٘ح‬٫ُٞ‫ج‬ٝ
This is some physical evidence in the life about this mechanism
about reach our customer to the loyalty stage.
072
ٍٟ‫نٍجف( جُٔٗنط‬٠٫‫نغ ج‬٤ٔ‫نى ُؿ‬٤‫نًج ٓل‬ٛ ٌٕٞ٤‫ء ْن‬٫ٞ‫ ٍُٔقِنس جُن‬ٍٟ‫نَ جُٔٗنط‬ٛ٣ ‫* ػ٘ىٓح‬
.)‫جُرحتغ‬ٝ ‫و‬ُُٝٔ‫ج‬ٝ

-repeat the hope that the customer will take advantages of the
offer.
.ٕٞ‫س ْطهٍٓ جيج ُْ ضٌٓد يُي جُُذ‬٣‫ح‬ُٜ٘‫ ج‬٠‫ٗي ك‬٫ ٍٟ‫ؿد إٔ ضٌٓد جُٔٗط‬٣ *

Example:

Dear Sirs,
Following to our quotation dated 5June 1999 which we offer our
new design of men's shirts.Not having hear from you since we
sent you our latest catalogues. Please let us know weather you are
still interested in the above mentioned offer.We would like to
point out that prices are rising steadily and this offer is valid until
the end of the year.We can be of further assistance. Please send us
your special requirement and we'll do our best to serve you

Yours faithfully,

ٍٟ‫ قِوحش أن‬٢‫ أَٓ جُوحء ذٌْ ك‬٠ِ‫ جُكِوس ػ‬ًٙٛ ٠‫ًج جُوىٌ ك‬ٜ‫ ذ‬٠‫ جُطِرس ٌٗطل‬٠‫أػُجت‬
ٚ‫ط‬٣‫ٌػح‬ٝ ‫ قلع هللا‬٢‫وٓطْ ك‬
ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬ٝ

073
 ُ‫اىَحبضرح اىراثعخ واىعشرو‬

ْ٤‫ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‬

ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ جُطِرس ج‬٠‫أػُجت‬
‫س ذحُِـس‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬ْ‫ٕ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓج‬ٍٝٗ‫جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ جُكِوس جٍُجذؼس‬٠‫ ذٌْ ك‬٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‫أ‬
.ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٫‫جع ٌْحتَ ٌو ج‬ٞٗ‫ أ‬ٝ‫ٍز جُٓحذوس ػٖ ذؼ‬ٞ‫ُوى ضٌِٔ٘ح ذحُٔكح‬ٝ .‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٫‫ج‬
Voluntary offer that seller or manufacturer may be sent to the
expected buyer when he modified his product or incease his
business or start new business in order to inform the buyer about
the new product or new business.
ٖ‫ْ ػ‬ٍٛ‫هر‬٤ُ ٍٟ‫ِد جُٔٗط‬٠ ٕٝ‫س ذى‬٤‫ػ‬ٞ٠ ٍٜٝ‫ جٌْحٍ ػ‬٠ُ‫ِؿأ ج‬٣ ‫ جُرحتغ‬ٝ‫٘غ أ‬ُٛٔ‫ج‬
.‫ ٓ٘طؿحش‬ٝ‫ح أ‬ٜٓ‫وى‬٣ ‫ىز‬٣‫ نىٓحش ؾى‬ٝ‫ىز أ‬٣‫ش ػَٔ ؾى‬٫‫ٓؿح‬
َ‫ٍ ؾًخ َذحتٖ ؾىو ٖٓ أؾ‬٬‫س ٖٓ ن‬٤‫ه‬ُٞٓ‫ ج‬ٚ‫ط‬ٛ‫حوز ق‬٣َ ‫ جُرحتغ‬ٝ‫٘غ أ‬ُٛٔ‫ْ ج‬ٜ٣ ‫رؼح‬٠ٝ
٠ُ‫ح غْ ذؼى يُي ضطٍه٘ح ج‬ٜ٘‫ْرن إٔ ضٌِٔ٘ح ػ‬ٝ .ٍٜٝ‫ جُؼ‬ًٙٛ ٠ُ‫ِؿأ ج‬٤‫ ك‬,ُٚ‫ْغ أػٔح‬ٞ٣ ٕ‫أ‬
.‫ح‬ٜ‫ط‬٤ٔٛ‫٘ح أ‬٤‫ذ‬ٝ ‫ ذٍْحتَ جُٔطحذؼس‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ٓح‬
‫ق جُطِد‬٣ٍ‫ضؼ‬ٝ ‫س ًطحذس جُطِرحش‬٤‫ل‬٤ً ٍٝ‫ ضط٘ح‬٠ٛٝ ‫قىز جُٓحذؼس‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ّ ْ٘٘طوَ ج‬ٞ٤ُ‫ج‬
.‫ػطرحٌ ػ٘ى ًطحذط٘ح ُِطِد‬٫‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ح ذؼ‬ًٛ‫ؿد إٔ ٗأن‬٣ ٠‫ٌ جُط‬ٞٓ٫‫ج‬ٝ

Unit seven
Writing orders

Orders : is a letter in which the buyer asks the seller to supply

him with specified quantities of goods.
‫حتغ‬ٟ‫ ذر‬ٙ‫ى‬٣ُٝ‫ح ٖٓ جُرحتغ ض‬ٜ٤‫طِد ك‬٣ ٍٟ‫ح جُٔٗط‬ٜ‫رؼػ‬٣ ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌْحُس‬ٞٛ :‫اىطيت‬
.‫ٓكىوز‬
Order form:
‫شنو اىطيت‬
The use of serially numberd printed order forms facilitate
references, all essential information is given where the order for
two or more items should be tabulated.

074
‫جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬جيج ًحٕ ػ٘ى‪ ٙ‬ضٌٍجٌ ٍُِٗجء ‪ٗ ٖٓٝ‬لّ جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و أ‪ٗ ٖٓ ٝ‬لّ جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ ضأنً‬
‫‪ِ٠‬ر‪٤‬حض‪ٌ ٚ‬هْ ٓطَِٓٓ ‪ٓ ٌٕٞ٣ٝ‬طر‪ٞ‬ع ذٌَٗ ‪ َٜٓ٣‬جُك‪ ٍٞٛ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س ذأٍْع ‪ٝ‬هص‬
‫ٌٖٓٔ‪.‬‬
‫أ‪ِ٠ ٟ‬ر‪٤‬س ٖٓ أ‪ٗٓ ٟ‬طٍ‪ ٟ‬ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ك‪ ٠‬جُٔؿح‪٫‬ش جُ‪٘ٛ‬حػ‪٤‬س ضط‪ ٖٟٔ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ػىز ػ٘ح‪.ٍٚ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ك‪ ٠‬جُطِد إٔ ضٍ‪٣‬ى جُك‪ ٍٞٛ‬ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬ؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ٓكىوز ‪٣ٌٍٝٞٝ‬س ػٖ ٓ٘طؿحش ٓكىوز ‪ٝ‬هى‬
‫ضط‪ ًٙٛ ٖٟٔ‬جُٔ٘طؿحش ػِ‪ ٠‬ذ٘ى ‪ٝ‬جقى أ‪ ٝ‬أًػٍ ٖٓ ذ٘ى‪.‬‬
‫‪ْٞٝ‬ف ٗططٍم جُ‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬أٌٖحٍ جُطِر‪٤‬حش ‪٤ًٝ‬ق أٗ‪ٜ‬ح ضٓ‪ َٜ‬ػِٔ‪٤‬س جُ‪ ٍٞٚٞ‬جُ‪٠‬‬
‫جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س ْ‪ٞ‬جء ٓٗ‪ٍ٤‬ز جُ‪ ٠‬هحٌت‪ٜ‬ح أ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬ن‪ٍِْٜٓ ٍ٬‬ح‪ ٠ٛٝ ,‬ضكَٔ جٖحٌز ‪ٌٝ‬هْ‬
‫ٓطَِٓٓ ٖٓ أؾَ جٍُؾ‪ٞ‬ع جُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ٓٓطور‪ْٞ ٬‬جء ٖٓ هرَ جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬أ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬هرَ جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُرحتغ‪ٍ٠ ًَٝ ,‬ف ٓ٘‪ٜٔ‬ح ْ‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬كطلع ذ٘ٓم ٖٓ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُطِر‪٤‬حش ٍُِؾ‪ٞ‬ع جُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ػ٘ى‬
‫جُكحؾس‪.‬‬
‫‪٫‬قع جُ٘ٓهس جُط‪ ٠‬ضٌطد ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح جُطِد ‪ ٠ٛ‬جُهط‪ٞ‬ز ج‪ ٠ُٝ٧‬ك‪ ٠‬جؾٍجءجش ‪ٝ‬ػِٔ‪٤‬حش‬
‫ٓططحذؼس ‪ ٫ٞٚٝ‬جُ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٜ‬ىف جُ٘‪ٜ‬حت‪ ٞٛٝ ٠‬ج‪ٛ٣‬حٍ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ٖٓ جُرحتغ جُ‪ ٠‬جُٔٗطٍ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ‪٣‬كطحؼ ً‪ ٬‬جُطٍك‪ ٖ٤‬جُ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُ٘ٓم ٖٓ أؾَ ضوى‪ ْ٣‬نىٓحش ٓح ذؼى جُر‪٤‬غ ٓػَ‬
‫جُ‪٤ٛ‬حٗس أ‪ ٝ‬جُطًٍ‪٤‬د أ‪ً ٝ‬لحُس قٖٓ جُط٘ل‪ ً٤‬أ‪ً ٝ‬لحُس جُ‪٤ٛ‬حٗس أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٟٔ‬حٕ‪ ًٙٛ ًَ .‬ج‪ٌٞٓ٧‬‬
‫ٗكٖ ذكحؾس جُ‪ٜ٤‬ح قط‪ ٠‬ذؼى جضٔحّ جُ‪ٛ‬لوس ‪ ٍٞٚٝٝ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس جُ‪ ٠‬كطٍز َٓ٘‪٤‬س هى ضٔطى جُ‪٠‬‬
‫ْ٘س أ‪ ٝ‬جغ٘ط‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ٝ‬ػىو ٖٓ جُٓ٘‪ٞ‬جش قٓد ‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جُِٓؼس أ‪٠ ٝ‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جُؼوى‪ .‬جيٕ ٗكٖ ذكحؾس‬
‫جُ‪ ٠‬جٍُؾ‪ٞ‬ع جُ‪ ٠‬ضِي جُطِرحش ‪٣ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬ػ٘ىٗح جٖحٌز جُ‪ِ٠ ًَ ٠‬د ػِ‪ ٠‬قىز‪.‬‬

‫‪Example:‬‬

‫‪Serial No.‬‬ ‫‪Describtion‬‬ ‫‪Part Qty. Rent‬‬

‫‪No.‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪Pine wood rose table‬‬ ‫_ ‪276D 50‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪Pine wood rose chair‬‬ ‫‪89C 120‬‬ ‫_‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪Pine wood coffee table‬‬ ‫‪072‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫_‬

‫‪٫‬قع ػ٘ىٓح ض‪ٟ‬غ جُطِد ػِ‪ ٌَٖ ٠‬ؾى‪ًٛ ٍٝ‬ج ‪ َٜٓ٣‬ػِٔ‪٤‬س ك‪ ْٜ‬جُطِد ٖٓ هرَ ؾٔ‪٤‬غ‬
‫ج‪ٍ٠٧‬جف ذٖٔ ك‪ ْٜ٤‬جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ أ‪ ٝ‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ‪ٝ‬ذ٘لّ جُ‪ٞ‬هص ‪ َٜٓ٣‬ػِ‪٘٤‬ح ػِٔ‪٤‬س جُ‪ ٍٞٚٞ‬جُ‪٠‬‬
‫جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س ‪ٝ‬ضؿ‪ ُ٤ٜ‬جُطِد ذأٍْع ‪ٝ‬هص ٌٖٓٔ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ٗ ٠‬كٖ ‪٘ٛ‬ح ٗوَِ ج‪٧‬نطحء ‪َٜٓٗٝ‬‬
‫ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬ؿ‪ ُٟٜ‬جُطِر‪٤‬حش ػ٘ى جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ أ‪ ٝ‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و‪.‬‬
‫‪075‬‬
ٝ‫ٕ أ‬ٞ‫ل‬٤ِ‫ٔ٘غ إٔ ضإًى ذحْطهىجّ جُط‬٣ ٫ ‫ًج‬ٛ ‫ذس‬ٞ‫ ٌَٖ ٌْحتَ ٌٓط‬٠ِ‫س ػ‬٤‫ِر‬٠ ‫ػ٘ىٓح ضٌطد‬
. ‫ٖ ُِطِد‬٤‫٘حى ٌَٖ ٓؼ‬ٛ ‫أذىج‬ٝ ‫وجتٔح‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ِس أن‬٤ْٝ ٟ‫أ‬
‫ذى‬٫ ‫ْطهىجٓحش ٓهطِلس‬٫ ‫٘حف ٖٓ جُٔ٘طؽ‬ٚ‫ظ أ‬٬‫ِد غ‬٠‫ى إٔ أ‬٣ٌ‫ أٗح أ‬:ٍ‫َ جُٔػح‬٤‫ ْر‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
.ٍٛ٘‫ْ جٍُهْ جُٔطَِٓٓ ٌَُ ػ‬ٜ٤‫إٔ أػط‬
You should explain the description of all items and also part No.
and quantity.
.‫س‬٤‫ ذٍْحتَ جُطـط‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ ٓح‬٠ِ‫حٗح ػ‬٤‫ؿد إٔ ٗؼَٔ أق‬٣
Example:

Dear Sirs.
This is to confirm the conversation regarding our order of 1000
floor – mats required urgently at the usual price ($ 0.500 each )
Please proceed with shipping accordingly.

Yours faithfully,
Geeneral manger

ّ‫ٓح‬٨ُ ‫ز‬ٞ‫ نط‬ٞ‫ ضهط‬٠ٛ ٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫ جُطِد‬٠ِ‫ ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌْحُس ضإًى ػ‬٠ٛ
: ‫ّص اىرصبىخ‬
‫غ‬٣ٍْ ٌَٗ‫ذ‬ٝ ٫‫ذس قح‬ِٞ‫جُٔط‬ٝ .......ْ‫ط٘ح ٌه‬٤‫طؼِن ذطِر‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ ك‬ٚ‫ى ُٔح ضْ ٓ٘حهٗط‬٤ً‫ًج ضأ‬ٛ
.ٖ‫ جؾٍجءجش جُٗك‬ٙ٤ِ‫ضه‬ٝ ‫حػس‬ٟ‫ُ جُر‬٤ٜ‫ج ذطؿ‬ٞٓٞ‫إٔ ضو‬ٞ‫ ٍٗؾ‬,ٚ٤ِ‫ جضلو٘ح ػ‬ًُٟ‫ذحُٓؼٍ ج‬
You should make semulation,try to write different type of order
letters.
ّ‫ح‬٤‫جهغ ذحُو‬ُٞ‫ ٓكحًحز ج‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ ٓح‬٠ِ‫ إٔ ضؼَٔ ػ‬٠ِ‫ٍ ػ‬ٝ‫ إٔ ضكح‬٠٘ٔ‫ جُطحُد أض‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ػ‬
ٟ‫ أ‬٠ُ‫ ج‬ٍٟ‫ض‬ٝ ‫ٍجش جُٓحذوس‬ٞ‫ جُٔكح‬٠ُ‫ضِؿأ ج‬ٝ ‫ جُٔحوز‬ًٙٛ ‫ٍ إٔ ضوٍأ‬ٝ‫ضكح‬ٝ.َ‫ذٌطحذس جٍُْحت‬
‫جء ًحٗص‬ْٞ ّ‫ػٔحٍ ذٌَٗ ػح‬٧‫ ٌُطحذس ٌْحتَ ج‬٠ُ‫غ جُٔػح‬ُٞٞ‫د ٖٓ ج‬٣ٍ‫وٌؾس أٗص ه‬
. ‫ِد‬٠ ٠ِ‫ جؾحذس ػ‬ٝ‫حش أ‬٤‫ِر‬٠ ٝ‫ّ أ‬٬‫جْطؼ‬
‫حش‬٤‫ِر‬٠ ‫ إٔ ضٌطد‬٠ُ‫ذكحؾس ج‬ٝ ٍٟ‫ٕ ٓٗط‬ٌٞ‫ جُطحُد ٌذٔح ض‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ٗي ذحُٔٓطورَ ػ‬٧
‫ٕ أٗص‬ٌٞ‫ض‬ٝ ‫ ضؼَٔ ذٌَٗ نح٘ ذي‬ٝ‫ضٔحٌِ أػٔحٍ جٍُٗجء أ‬ٝ ‫ ًٍٖس‬٠‫ٌذٔح ضؼَٔ ك‬ٝ
.‫٘غ‬ُٛٔ‫ج‬
Any order whether printed or not will generally state the
following:
1- Reference to the offer, quotation, samples, etc.
076
 ‫ج‪ٖ٫‬حٌز جُ‪ ٠‬جُؼٍ‪ٝ ٜ‬جُطِد ‪ٝ‬جُؼ‪٘٤‬حش‪.‬‬
‫‪٘ٛ‬حى ٍٖ‪ُِٔ ٠ٝ‬ؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س قط‪ ٠‬ضٌ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬ل‪٤‬ىز ق‪٤‬ع ‪٣‬ؿد ض‪ٞ‬كٍ‪ٛ‬ح ػ٘ى جُكحؾس جُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪٣ٝ‬ؿد‬
‫ض‪ٞ‬كٍ‪ٛ‬ح أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ُِٗه‪ ٙ‬جُٔؼ٘‪ ٠‬ذ‪ٜ‬ح ‪٣ٝ‬ؿد جْطـ‪ُٜ٬‬ح ‪ٝ‬جُؼَٔ ػِ‪ٍٛٗٗ ٠‬ح ‪٣ٝ‬ؿد إٔ‬
‫ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س وه‪٤‬وس ‪ٞٞٞٓٝ‬ػ‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬هحذِس ُ‪ْ٬‬طهىجّ‪.‬‬
‫أٗص ذكحؾس جُ‪ٓ ٠‬ؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س قط‪ ٠‬ضأنً هٍجٌ ٓؼ‪ٝ ٖ٤‬هى ض‪ َٛ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س ذؼى ك‪ٞ‬جش ج‪ٝ٧‬جٕ‬
‫كط‪ٛ‬رف ػى‪ٔ٣‬س جُلحتىز‪.‬‬
‫‪2- Confirmation of the agreed terms.‬‬
‫جُطأً‪٤‬ى ‪ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬جكوس ػِ‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جٍُٗ‪.٠ٝ‬‬

‫‪3- The number of the orders as the buyer may have subsequent‬‬
‫‪orders.‬‬

‫ٌهْ جُطِر‪٤‬س ‪ :‬أٗص ًٔٗطٍ‪ ٌٖٔ٣ ٟ‬إٔ ضطؼحَٓ ٓغ جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و أًػٍ ٖٓ ‪ِ٠‬ر‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٠‬ؿد إٔ‬
‫ضكىو‪.‬‬
‫‪4- Exact description of the goods requierd (quantities, qualities,‬‬
‫‪and the part number if used).‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪٘ٛ ٌٕٞ٣‬حى ‪ٚٝ‬ق وه‪٤‬ن ‪ٚٝ‬ك‪٤‬ف ‪ َٜٓ٣‬ػِٔ‪٤‬س ضؿ‪ ُ٤ٜ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذس‬
‫ك‪٤‬ؿد ج‪ٖ٫‬حٌز جُ‪ ٠‬جٌُٔ‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬جُؿ‪ٞ‬وز ‪ٝ‬جٍُهْ ُِٔ٘طؽ أ‪ ٝ‬جُوطؼس‪.‬‬

‫‪5- Giving full directions for (date of delivery, means of transport,‬‬

‫‪packing, insurance) and any other conditions.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد وجتٔح إٔ ضكىو ج‪٫‬ضؿح‪ ٙ‬جُ‪ٛ‬ك‪٤‬ف ‪ٝ‬جٌُحَٓ ‪ ًَٝ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش جُٔٓطورِ‪٤‬س جُط‪ ٠‬هى ‪٣‬كطحؾ‪ٜ‬ح‬
‫جُٔٗطٍ‪ٞٓ( ٟ‬ػى جُطِٓ‪ِ٤ْٝ ,ْ٤‬س ج‪٫‬ض‪ٛ‬حٍ أ‪ ٝ‬جُ٘وَ‪ ,‬جُٗكٖ‪ ,‬جُطـِ‪٤‬ق‪,‬جُطأٓ‪ٝ ) ٖ٤‬أ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ٍٖ‪ِ٠ٝ ٠ٝ‬رحش أنٍ‪.ٟ‬‬

‫‪6- Any special documents which may be requierd (consular‬‬

‫‪invoice, invoice, certificate of origin,etc.).‬‬
‫أ‪ٝ ٟ‬غحتن نح‪ٚ‬س ضططِر‪ٜ‬ح جُ‪ٛ‬لوس ػِ‪ْ ٠‬ر‪ َ٤‬جُٔػحٍ جُل‪ٞ‬جض‪ٜٖٝ ٍ٤‬حوز جُٔ٘ٗأ‪.‬‬
‫أٗص ًٔ‪ٛ‬ىٌ أ‪ٓٓ ٝ‬ط‪ٌٞ‬و ‪٫‬ذى إٔ ضٌ‪ٝ ِْٓ ٕٞ‬ػ٘ىى ج‪٬٠‬ع ًحَٓ ذٌَ ج‪ٌٝ٧‬جم جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذس‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُٔؼحٓ‪٬‬ش‪ ,‬كوى ضهطِق جُو‪ٞ‬جٗ‪ٝ ٖ٤‬ج‪ٗ٧‬ظٔس ‪ٝ‬جُطؼحٓ‪٬‬ش ٖٓ ذِى جُ‪ ٠‬آنٍ ذحٍُؿْ ٖٓ‬
‫‪ٝ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬و جُوحٗ‪ ٕٞ‬جُى‪ ٠ُٝ‬جُٔطؼحٌف ػِ‪ ٚ٤‬ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬ه‪ ٙ‬جُطؿحٌز ‪ٝ‬جُط‪ٛ‬ى‪.ٍ٣‬‬
‫ٓح ‪٘٣‬طرن ػِ‪ٌْ ٠‬حتَ ج‪٧‬ػٔحٍ ‪٘٣‬طرن ػِ‪ ٠‬جُطِر‪٤‬حش‪.‬‬
‫‪Order should be start with opening sentense and then letter and‬‬
‫‪then closing.‬‬
‫‪077‬‬
Opening sentence:

1- Thank you for your offer of 2 July, which we accept on the

terms quoted……….
٠‫جٌوز ك‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ٚ٠ٍٖٝ ‫ هرِ٘ح‬ًُٟ‫ج‬ٝ ٞ٤ُٞ٣ ٖٓ ٠ٗ‫ٌْ جُٔإٌل جُػح‬ٍٞ‫ ػ‬٠ِ‫ٗكٖ ًٌٍْٗٗ ػ‬
.‫ًج جُطِد‬ٛ

2- Will you please arrange immediate dispatch of……

.َ‫ػحؾ‬ٝ ٍٖ‫حػس ذٌَٗ ٓرح‬ٟ‫ٌْحٍ جُر‬٫ ‫ج‬ٞ‫ ْٔكطْ ٌضر‬ُٞ
3- Kindly dispatch by parcel post………
.‫ى جُهىٓس‬٣ٍ‫ ذ‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ٍ ٓح‬٬‫حػس ٖٓ ن‬ٟ‫ج ُ٘ح جُر‬ٞ‫ ضٔطلطْ جذؼػ‬ُٞ

4- We enclosed here with our order No…….

.........ْ‫ جُطِد ٌه‬٠ُ‫ع ج‬ٞ‫ذحٍُؾ‬
5- Please arrange to supply us as soon as possible with the
following items…….
........‫س‬٤ُ‫و جُطح‬ٞ٘‫هص ٌٖٓٔ ذحُر‬ٝ ‫ىٗح ذأٍْع‬٣ُٝ‫رحش ذط‬٤‫غ جُطٍض‬ٞٝ ٠‫ٍؾ‬٣

6-please deliver at the price and terms agreed upon as given

below………
...........‫ح‬ٜ٤ِ‫ جُٔطلن ػ‬٠ٍُٝٗ‫ج‬ٝ ٍ‫حػس ذحُٓؼ‬ٟ‫جٌْحٍ جُر‬ٝ ‫ىٗح‬٣ُٝ‫ ض‬٠‫ٍؾ‬٣
‫ح‬ٜٗ‫س ضؿى أ‬٣‫ جُرىج‬٠‫ ك‬,‫ىز ؾىج ُي‬٤‫ٕ ٓل‬ٌٞ‫ٌٖٓٔ إٔ ض‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ٤ُ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ضِؿأ ج‬٣ ‫حش‬٤‫ جكططحق‬ًٙٛ ًَ
ٌٌٍ‫ح ضط‬ٜٓ‫ جٌُِٔحش ٗل‬,ُُٖٓ‫ ؾٍذص إٔ ضٌطد أًػٍ ٖٓ ٌْحُس أػٔحٍ ٓغ ج‬ُٞ ٌُٖٝ ‫ؼرس‬ٚ
.‫ِس ُي‬ْٜ ٌٞٓ٧‫رف ج‬ٛ‫ ض‬٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫طس‬٤ٓ‫كحش ذ‬٬‫ح ٓغ أنط‬ٟ٣‫جُؿَٔ أ‬ٝ
ًٙٛ ٖٓ ِْ‫طؼ‬٣ ‫رىأ‬٣ ‫ٗٓحش‬٧‫ج‬ٝ ‫ؼرس‬ٚ ٌٕٞ‫ ض‬٠ٖ ٟ‫س ج‬٣‫ جُطحُد إٔ ذىج‬ُٟ٣ُ‫ضًًٍ ػ‬
.ٌٞٓ٧‫ج‬
Closing
Encouraging the supplier to executive the order with care.
.‫س‬٣‫٘لً جُطِد ذؼ٘ح‬٣ ٕ‫ أ‬٠ِ‫و ػ‬ُُٝٔ‫ى إٔ ٗٗؿغ ج‬٣ٍٗ

1- Your early attention to this order will be appreciated.

.‫ٖ ؾىج‬٤ٔ‫ط‬ٜٓٝ ٖ٣ٌ‫ٕ ٓوى‬ٌْٞ٘ ‫س‬٤‫ جُطِر‬ًُٜٙ ٌٍ‫طٔحّ ٓر‬ٛ‫ ج‬٠‫ًِٔح ضؼط‬

2- Please note that delivery is required by 5 APRIL.

078
.َ٣ٍ‫ جُهحّٓ ٖٓ أذ‬٠‫ْ ك‬٤ِٓ‫ػى جُط‬ٞٓ ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ‫ أ‬ٞ‫ٍٗؾ‬

3- As the goods are urgently required, we shall be garteful for

immediate dispatch.
‫حتغ‬ٟ‫ٖ ٌُْ جٌْحٍ جُر‬٣ٍ‫ٓو‬ٝ ٖ٣ًٍ‫ٕ ٖح‬ٌٞٗ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫حتغ‬ٟ‫ جُر‬ًٙٛ ٠ُ‫ٗظٍج ُِكحؾس جُٔحْس ج‬
.‫غ‬٣ٍْ ٌَٗ‫ذ‬
4- Kindly advise us when the goods are dispatch.
.ٍَْ‫ ض‬ٝ‫حػس أ‬ٟ‫ف ضٗكٖ جُر‬ْٞ ٠‫ِطْ ذحنرحٌٗح ٓط‬ٟ‫ ضل‬ُٞ

5- If this order is satisfatorily executed, we shall place further

orders in the near future.
ٍ‫ّ ذحٌْح‬ٞ‫ف ٗو‬ْٞ ٠ٍٞٓ ٌَٗ‫٘غ ذ‬ُٛٔ‫ٍ ج‬٬‫طْ ٖٓ ن‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫ًج جُطِد‬ٛ ٕ‫جيج ًح‬
.َ‫ جُٔٓطور‬٠‫ٍز ك‬٤‫حش ًػ‬٤‫ِر‬٠
, ‫ جُكِوس جُوحوٓس‬٠‫ أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‬٠ِ‫ جُكِوس ػ‬ًٙٛ ٠‫ًج جُوىٌ ك‬ٜ‫ ذ‬٠‫ جُطِرس ٌٗطل‬٠‫أػُجت‬
.ٚ‫ط‬٣‫ٌػح‬ٝ ‫ قلع هللا‬٠‫ٖ وٓطْ ك‬٤‫ يُي جُك‬٠ُ‫ج‬
.ٚ‫ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ج‬ٝ

079
 ِ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبٍضخ و اىعشري‬

ْ٤‫ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‬

‫ جُكِوس‬٠‫ ذٌْ ك‬٬ْٜ ٝ ٬ٛ‫ أ‬,‫ ذًٍحضس‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ّ ػ‬٬ُٓ‫ ج‬,‫ جُطِرس‬٠‫أػُجت‬
.‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٧‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬ْ‫ٖ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓج‬٣ٍٗ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ ‫جُهحٓٓس‬
ٝ‫س أ‬٤‫كططحق‬٩‫ جُؿَٔ ج‬٠‫ ضٓطهىّ ك‬٠‫ جُؿَٔ جُط‬٠ٛ ‫ جُكِوس جُٓحذوس ٓح‬٠‫٘ح ك‬٤‫ ْرن إٔ ذ‬ٝ
.‫ جٍُْحُس‬ٝ‫ؾَٔ جُطِد أ‬
Opening sentence when we write order and the closing sentence
and what we should take in our kind and what is the type of the
sentence that we can use even on the open sentence or in the
closing sentence.
.ٌٍُٗ‫ ذح‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫ ٓح‬٠ُ‫ٕ ٗ٘طوَ ئ‬٥‫ج‬
ّ‫ ٗلن‬٠‫ كن‬ٝ ٌٍ‫نع ضؼطرنٍ ٌْنحُس ٖن‬٤‫ ق‬,‫ني جُطِند‬٤ُ‫ أٌْنَ ج‬ًُٟ‫ ج‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫ق ضٌٍٗ جُٔٗط‬٤ً
ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ُ‫ن‬٤ٜ‫هنص ُطؿ‬ٝ ٠ُ‫و ضكطحؼ ئ‬ًُٝٔ ‫ كأٗص‬.ٍٟ‫ًج جُٔٗط‬ٛ ‫َ ٓٓطٍٔ ٓغ‬ٚ‫ج‬ٞ‫هص ذوحء ض‬ُٞ‫ج‬
ٝ .‫ؾنٍجء‬٩‫ إٔ جُطِد ضكص ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٍٟ‫ى إٔ ضطٔثٖ جُٔٗط‬٣ٍ‫هص ض‬ُٞ‫ًج ج‬ٛ ٍ٬‫ ن‬ٝ .‫حػس‬ٟ‫جُر‬
‫هنص‬ٝ ‫ أْنٍع‬٠‫نح كن‬ٜ٤ِ‫ جُٔطلنن ػ‬٠ٍٝ‫ذنس قٓند جُٗن‬ِٞ‫نحػس جُٔط‬ٟ‫ ذحُر‬ٙ‫نى‬٣ُٝ‫ّ ذط‬ٞ‫ف ضو‬ْٞ
ٝ ٌٍٙ‫ؿند إٔ ضٗن‬٣ ٍٟ‫نس أنن‬٤‫ ٓنٖ ٗحق‬ٝ ‫نس‬٤‫ ٓنٖ ٗحق‬ٍٟ‫طٔنثٖ جُٔٗنط‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ‫ًج‬ٛ ٝ .ٌٖٔٓ
٠‫هنحش كن‬٬‫ ذحُؼ‬٠ٔ‫ٓن‬٣ ‫ ٓح‬٠ِ‫وس ضؼَٔ ػ‬٣ٍ‫ جُط‬ًٜٙ‫ أٗص ذ‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ .‫ ضؼحَٓ ٓؼي‬ٚٗ٧ ٚ‫ضٗؿؼ‬
.‫ن‬٣ٞٓ‫ٓؿحٍ جُط‬
By this way, you are establishing good relationship and as way set
before you should marking relationship.
ٍٞٚٝ ّ‫ ػى‬ٝ ‫هص‬ُٞ‫ٍ ج‬٬‫س ئْطـ‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬ٝ ‫ن‬٣ٞٓ‫ ٓؿحٍ جُط‬٠‫هحش ك‬٬‫س جُؼ‬٤ٔٛ‫قع أ‬٫
.َُِٔ‫ ُكظس ج‬٠ُ‫ ج‬ٍٟ‫جُٔٗط‬
Relationship in marketing will reflect in all party and in
performance of delivery order so you satisfy customers by this
way.

Acknowledgement of order:
‫حش‬٤‫ جُطِر‬٠ِ‫ٌْحُس جٌٍُٗ ػ‬

When the seller received for goods that will take him some time to
be prepared, acknowledgement should be sent straight away,
stating the expected date of delivery.
081
‫ػ٘ننىٓح ‪ٓ٣‬ننطِْ جُرننحتغ أ‪ِ٠ ٟ‬ر‪٤‬ننس جُطنن‪ٌ ٠‬ذٔننح ضأنننً ٓ٘نن‪ ٚ‬ذؼنن‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬هننص كنن‪ ٠‬ػِٔ‪٤‬ننس ضك‪ٟ‬نن‪ٍٛ٤‬ح‬
‫ُِٗننكٖ‪ٌْ .‬ننحُس جُٗننٌٍ ‪٣‬ؿنند إٔ ضٍْننَ ذأْننٍع ‪ٝ‬هننص ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿنند أ‪ٟ٣‬ننح إٔ ض‪ٞٞ‬ننف جُٔ‪ٞ‬ػننى‬
‫جُٔط‪ٞ‬هنننغ ُطٓنننِ‪ ْ٤‬جُر‪ٟ‬نننحػس‪٣ ٝ .‬ؿننند ػِ‪٤‬ننني ًرنننحتغ إٔ ضٌننن‪ ٕٞ‬قنننٍ‪ ٙ٣‬ػِننن‪ ٠‬إٔ ‪ٌ٣‬ننن‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫)‪ (expected date of delivery‬جُ‪ ّٞ٤‬جُٔط‪ٞ‬هغ ُِطِٓ‪ ْ٤‬أهٍخ ٓح ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬قو‪٤‬و‪ .٠‬ذٔؼ٘ن‪٠‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ٚ ٕٞ‬حوم ‪ ٕ٧‬ػىّ جُ‪ٛ‬ىم ‪ٝٝ‬ؾن‪ٞ‬و كؿن‪ٞ‬ز ذن‪ ٖ٤‬جُٔط‪ٞ‬هنغ ‪ ٝ‬ذن‪ ٖ٤‬جُلؼِن‪ْ ٠‬ن‪ٞ‬ف‬
‫‪٘٣‬ؼٌّ ِْر‪٤‬ح ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬ظٍز جُُذ‪ ٕٞ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٓط‪ٌٞ‬و جُ‪ ٠‬جُرحتغ أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ْٞ ٠‬ف ضإغٍ‬
‫ػِ‪ ٠‬ػ‪٬‬هس جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ذحٍُٔٗ‪.ٟ‬‬
‫‪It will affect the relationship between the buyer and seller.‬‬
‫ًَ ٓح ‪ٜ٘ٔ٣‬ح إٔ ُٗ‪٣‬ى جُؼ‪٬‬هس جُ٘حؾكس ذ‪ ٖ٤‬جُُٔ‪ٝ‬و ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٗطٍ‪ٗ ٝ ٟ‬و‪ٜ٣ٞ‬ح ‪ٗ ٝ‬ؿؼِ‪ٜ‬ح وجتٔس‬
‫‪ٜٗ٫‬ح ْ‪ٞ‬ف ض٘ؼٌّ ئ‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬ح ػِ‪٘٤‬ح ك‪ ٠‬ؾٔ‪٤‬غ ج‪٧‬ق‪ٞ‬جٍ ‪ًٛ ٝ‬ج ‪٣‬ر‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س ٌْحُس جٌٍُٗ‪.‬‬

‫‪Example:‬‬

‫‪Dear Sirs,‬‬
‫‪We were very pleased to receive your order No.313 for car‬‬
‫‪accessory. We confirm supply of all items at the price and terms‬‬
‫‪stated in your order and are arranging for dispatch in 15 days S.S.‬‬
‫‪with wave‬‬
‫‪Yours faithfully‬‬
‫‪An acknowledgement of order‬‬

‫ّص اىرصبىخ‪:‬‬
‫ً٘ح ٍٓٓ‪ ٖ٣ٌٝ‬ؾىج ‪ْ٫‬ط‪٘ٓ٬‬ح ‪ِ٠‬رٌْ جُٔطؼِن ذـ ‪٤ُِٓ accessories‬حٌجش‪ٗ .‬إًى ٌُْ جٗ٘ح‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف ٗو‪ ّٞ‬ذطُ‪٣ٝ‬ىًْ ذؿٔ‪٤‬غ جُر٘‪ٞ‬و جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذس‪ ٝ .‬قٓد ج‪ْ٧‬ؼحٌ ‪ ٝ‬جٍُٗ‪ ٠ٝ‬جًًُٔ‪ٌٞ‬ز ك‪٠‬‬
‫‪ِ٠‬رٌْ ‪ٗ ٝ‬و‪ ّٞ‬ذؼَٔ جُطٍض‪٤‬رحش جُ‪َٓ٬‬س ‪ٌْ٩‬حٍ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ن‪ ٍ٬‬نٔٓس ػٍٗ ‪ٓٞ٣‬ح‪ٓ( .‬غ‬
‫ضكى‪٣‬ى جْْ جًٍُٗس جُ٘حهِس أ‪ ٝ‬جُٗحق٘س ‪ ٝ ) S.S. with wave‬ذحٍُؿْ ٖٓ ذٓح‪٠‬س جٍُْحُس‬
‫ئ‪ ٫‬أٗ‪ٜ‬ح ضٍ‪٣‬ف جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٝ ٟ‬ضؿؼِ‪ ٚ‬ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬ؼٍكس ذٔح ‪٣‬ؿٍ‪ ٟ‬أ‪ ٫ٝ‬ذأ‪(keep in touch) ٍٝ‬‬
‫ك‪ ٠‬ن‪ ًٙٛ ٍ٬‬جُلطٍز جُهٔٓس ػٍٗ ‪ٓٞ٣‬ح ْ‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬ؼٍف جُٔٗطٍ‪ ٟ‬إٔ جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ْ‪ٞ‬ف ض‪ِٚٛ‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٫ ٠‬ض‪ٞ‬ؾى ُى‪ٗٓ ٚ٣‬حًَ ‪ًٛ ٝ‬ج ‪٣‬طٔث٘‪٣ ٝ ٚ‬أًى ‪ ٍٞٚٝ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ‪ًٛ ٝ‬ج أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ‪٣‬كؼَ‬
‫جُٔ‪٘ٛ‬غ أ‪ ٝ‬جُرحتغ ‪٣‬و‪ ّٞ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ضؿ‪ ُ٤ٜ‬جُر‪ٟ‬حػس ذى‪ ٕٝ‬جؾ‪ٜ‬حو أ‪ٞ ٝ‬ـ‪(without any ٠ٞ‬‬
‫)‪ stress‬إٔ ‪٣‬لوى جُُذ‪ ٕٞ‬جُٔ٘طظٍ )‪(to lose the current customer‬‬
‫‪By this way we can decrease the waiting coast.‬‬
‫ذ‪ ًٜٙ‬جُطٍ‪٣‬وس ضٌٔ٘ح ٖٓ ضوِ‪ َ٤‬ضٌِلس ج‪ٗ٫‬طظحٌ‪.‬‬

‫‪080‬‬
If we do according to lower marketing, we should satisfy our
buyer
ٝ ٚ‫هؼحضن‬ٞ‫ ض‬٠‫نع ضِرن‬٤‫ ق‬,‫ح‬٤‫ن‬ٞ‫ ٌج‬ٍٟ‫ٕ جُٔٗنط‬ٞ‫ٌن‬٣ ٕ‫ ُِطؼحٓنَ ذنأ‬٠‫وٗن‬٧‫ٕ جُكى ج‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣
.ٚ‫ِرحض‬٠
If the total performance of the goods equals his expectation, he
will be satisfied. If he finds more than his expectation, he becomes
loyal.
‫ِ٘نح‬٤ٔ‫ ػ‬٠‫ونس ْن٘كحكع ػِن‬٣ٍ‫ جُط‬ًٜٙ‫ ذ‬ٝ ‫هؼحضس‬ٞ‫ ض‬ٟٝ‫ٓح‬٣ ‫َ ٓح‬٤ٔ‫ؿى جُؼ‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣ َ‫ه‬٧‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
.٠ٍُٞ‫ ذح‬٠ٔٓ٣ ‫غ إٔ ٗكون ٓح‬٤‫ ٗٓطط‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ ٠ُ‫جُكح‬
Execution of orders
‫ميف ّتفقذ اىطيجيبد؟‬
When the goods are prepared for dispatch, the seller sends a letter
advising the buyer that his order has just been executed. The
invoice and the other documents are usually enclosed, in order to
enable the buyer clear on his goods as required by customs
authorities.
‫نف‬ٛ٘٣ ‫ّ ذاٌْنحٍ ٌْنحُس‬ٞ‫ون‬٣ ٍٟ‫ جُٔٗط‬٠ُ‫ح ئ‬ُٜ‫ ئٌْح‬ٝ ٖ‫حػس ُِٗك‬ٟ‫ٍ جُر‬٤ٟ‫طْ ضك‬٣ ‫ػ٘ىٓح‬
ٕ‫ؿند أ‬٣ ٍٟ‫نن‬٧‫غنحتن ج‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ٝ ٍ٤‫جض‬ٞ‫ جُلن‬٠ُ‫ ذحُطنح‬ٝ .ٍٟ‫ك‬٣ ٕ٥‫ ج‬ٚ‫ِر‬٠ ٕ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫هرٍ جُٔٗط‬٣ ٝ‫أ‬
‫خ‬ٞ‫ ٓطِن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ ‫ ًٔنح‬ٚ‫نحػط‬ٟ‫ ذ‬٠‫ ػِن‬ٙ٤ِ‫نحّ ذنحُطه‬٤‫ ٓنٖ جُو‬ٍٟ‫ضٍكن ٖٓ أؾَ إٔ ضٌٖٔ جُٔٗط‬
‫طٍضند‬٣ ‫نحػس‬ٟ‫ف يُني ضنأنٍ جُر‬٬‫ ذهن‬ٚ‫ٗن‬٧ ‫ٔنس ؾنىج‬ٜٓ ًٙٛ ٝ .‫س‬٤ًٍٔ‫ٖٓ هرَ جُِٓطحش جُؿ‬
‫ق‬٤ُ‫ ضٌنننح‬٠‫ننن‬ٛ ٝ .‫ذنننس‬ٞ‫ جُؼو‬ٝ‫ جُؿنننُجء أ‬ٝ‫ق جُـٍجٓنننس أ‬٤ُ‫ ضٌنننح‬٠‫ننن‬ٛ ٝ ‫س‬٤‫نننحك‬ٞ‫ق ئ‬٤ُ‫ ضٌنننح‬ٚ‫ننن‬٤ِ‫ػ‬
‫ػنى‬ٞٓ ٖ‫ ػن‬full data ‫ٓنحش‬ِٞ‫ ذٌنَ جُٔؼ‬ٍٟ‫نى جُٔٗنط‬٣ُٝ‫نس ض‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬٠‫٘ح ضأض‬ٛ ٖٓ .‫س‬٣‫حػى‬ٛ‫ض‬
٠‫ن‬ٛ ٝ ‫٘نح‬٤ُٔ‫ ج‬٠‫س ػِن‬٤‫ن‬ٌٞ‫ ٓػنحٍ يُني وكنغ أ‬.‫ذس جُـٍجٓنس‬ٞ‫طؿ٘د ػو‬٣ ٠‫ْ قط‬٤ِٓ‫ جُط‬ٝ ٖ‫جُٗك‬
ٍٟ‫ نٓحٌز جُٔٗط‬٠ُ‫ ج‬ٟ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ضإو‬٣ ٠ُ‫ ذحُطح‬ٝ .‫س‬٣‫حػى‬ٛ‫ح ض‬ٟ٣‫ أ‬٠ٛ ٝ .ٍ‫ّ ذؼى آن‬ٞ٣ ‫ى‬٣ُ‫ض‬
.‫لوس‬ُٛ‫ًٔحٍ ج‬٫ ‫ح‬ٜ‫ىكؼ‬٣ ٕ‫ أ‬ٍٜٝ‫ّ ذىكغ ٓرحُؾ أًرٍ ٖٓ جُٔل‬ٞ‫و‬٣ ‫ع‬٤‫ق‬
The letter usually contains:
1- Reference to the receipt of the order.
‫ جٌْحٍ جُطِد‬٠ُ‫جٖحٌز ج‬
2- The name of the carrier, or the forwarding agent.
. ٖ‫َ جُٗك‬٤ًٝ ٝ‫جْْ جُ٘حهَ أ‬
3- The prospective date of delivery.
.‫هغ‬ٞ‫ جُٔط‬ٝ‫ّ جُٔ٘طظٍ أ‬٬‫ْط‬٩‫ػى ج‬ٞٓ
4- Reference to the enclosed invoices.
.‫ٍ جٍُٔكوس‬٤‫ جُلحض‬٠ُ‫جٖحٌز ج‬
082
so the (unit of profit) ‫ ًـ‬ٍٟ‫ؼطرٍ جُٔٗط‬٣ ٝ ٍٟ‫طؼحَٓ جُرحتغ ٓغ جُٔٗط‬٣ ٕ‫ؿد أ‬٣
seller should deal with the buyer as strategic partner and he
should use strategic planning and achieve strategic goals. This is
only through satisfying the buyer or the customer.
The strategic goals enable you to achieve these adjectives only
through satisfying our customer. This means that you will increase
your profit, market share and your sales. So by this way our
customers will take about us in a positive way. This means
satisfying our customer. They will do what we call promotion with
any planning from the seller. So by this way, we can attract
previous customer and new customer. And also we transit from
success to another success and add value.
ٝ ‫ىز‬٣‫ٔس ؾى‬٤‫حكس ه‬ٞ‫ ئ‬ٝ‫ أ‬ٍٟ‫ن‬٧ ‫ٔس‬٤‫ ٖٓ ه‬ٝ ٍ‫ ٗؿحـ آن‬٠ُ‫ن ٗ٘طوَ ٖٓ ٗؿحـ ج‬٣ٍ‫ جُط‬ًٜٙ‫ذ‬
.‫ظ‬٬‫ؿس جُػ‬٤‫ْطٍجض‬٧‫ىجك٘ح ج‬ٛ‫غ إٔ ٗكون أ‬٤‫ٗٓطط‬
Example:

Dear Sir,
Your order number 33188
Thank you for your interest in our offer of caned milk and we are
please to advise you, that your order has been dispatched by Road
Transport Services LTd.
Yours faithfully,
Export manger

Execution of order.
: ‫حش‬٤‫ جٌْحٍ جُطِر‬٠ِ‫َ جُٔػحٍ ػ‬٤‫ ْر‬٠ِ‫ًج ػ‬ٛ
‫ٓنٍٗح‬٣ ٝ ‫د جُٔؼِند‬٤ِ‫٘ح جُٔطؼِوس ذحُك‬ٍٞٝ‫طٔحٌْٓ ذؼ‬ٛ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ ًٌٍْٗٗ ػ‬33388 ْ‫ِرٌْ ٌه‬٠
َ‫ ٖنًٍس ننىٓحش جُ٘ون‬٠‫نحػس ػِن‬ٟ‫ّ ذحٌْنحٍ جُر‬ٞ‫ ْن٘و‬ٝ ً‫٘لن‬٣ ‫ف‬ٞ‫ِنرٌْ ْن‬٠ ٕ‫إٔ ٗهرًٍْ أ‬
.ٍٟ‫جُر‬
‫حش‬٤‫ً جُطِر‬٤‫ ٌْحُس ضؼرٍ ػٖ ٌْحتَ ض٘ل‬ًٙٛٝ
Unit eight
Applying for jobs & letters of application

.َٔ‫س جُطوىّ ُِؼ‬٤‫ل‬٤ً ,‫ىز‬٣‫قىز ؾى‬ٝ ٠ِ‫ ػ‬٠‫ٕ ٗأض‬٧‫ج‬

083
‫أٗص ًطحُد ؾحٓؼ‪ ٠‬ذؼى ضهٍؾني ٓنٖ جُؿحٓؼنس ‪ ٝ‬أق‪٤‬حٗنح نن‪ ٍ٬‬جُىٌجْنس ضون‪ ّٞ‬ذحُطونىّ جُن‪٠‬‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬ظحتق جُٔطحقس ْ‪ٞ‬جء ك‪ ٠‬جُوطحع جُؼحّ أ‪ ٝ‬ك‪ ٠‬جُوطحع جُهح٘‬
‫‪٤ً ٝ‬ق ٌٗطد ‪ِ٠‬د جُط‪ٞ‬ظق ‪٤ً ٝ‬ق ضؼنٍف ػنٖ ٗلٓني ‪ٗ ٝ‬كنٖ ٗون‪ ٍٞ‬وجتٔنح ‪ٌٗ ٝ‬نٌٍ‪ .‬جيج‬
‫ذكػنص ػنٖ أْنرحخ جٍُؾنَ جُ٘نحؾف ػِن‪ ٠‬ؾٔ‪٤‬نغ ج‪ٚ٧‬نؼىز ْن‪ٞ‬جء كن‪social level or ٠‬‬
‫‪ political level or economic level‬كنن‪ ٠‬جُٔؿننحٍ جُٓ‪٤‬حْنن‪ ٠‬أ‪ ٝ‬كنن‪ ٠‬جُٔؿننحٍ‬
‫ج‪٧‬ؾطٔحػ‪ ٠‬أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬هط‪ٛ‬حوىطؿى‪ُ ٖٓ ْٛ‬ى‪ ْٜ٣‬جُوىٌز ػِ‪ ٠‬ضٓن‪٣ٞ‬ن أٗلٓن‪How can you .ْٜ‬‬
‫?‪market your self‬‬
‫‪Any one has a good quality so can he increase that good qualities‬‬
‫‪and how can he attract the attention of the others upon his‬‬
‫?‪qualities‬‬
‫ًَ ٖه‪٣ ٙ‬ك‪ ٍٞ‬إٔ ‪ ًٍُ٣‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُ٘و‪ ١‬ج‪٣٩‬ؿحذ‪٤‬س ‪٣ ٞٛ ٝ‬ؼطرٍ كٖ ‪٣ ٝ‬ططِند هنىٌز ‪ٜٓ ٝ‬نحٌز‬
‫‪ ٝ‬كٍجْننس ‪٣ ٝ‬هطِننق ج‪ٖ٧‬ننهح٘ كنن‪ٛ ٠‬ننًج جُٔؿننحٍ‪ .‬كحُٗننه‪ ٙ‬جُوننحوٌ ػِنن‪ ٠‬ؾننًخ ئٗطرننح‪ٙ‬‬
‫ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ ٖ٣‬جُ‪ ٠‬جُ٘ونح‪ ٠‬ج‪٣٩‬ؿحذ‪٤‬نس جُٔ‪ٞ‬ؾن‪ٞ‬وز ُى‪٣‬ن‪ ٝ ٚ‬جْنطـ‪ ٍ٬‬ضِني جُ٘ونح‪ ٝ ٠‬ئذؼنحو جُ٘ظنٍ ػنٖ‬
‫جُ٘وننح‪ ٠‬جُٓننِر‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ذ‪ٜ‬ننًز جُطٍ‪٣‬وننس ‪ٓ٣‬ننطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ‪ٓ٣‬نن‪ٞ‬م ٗلٓننس ‪ٝ‬ذحُطننحُ‪ٓ٣ ٠‬ننطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ‪٣‬كوننن ٓننح‬
‫‪ advantage of verse praimovier ٠ٔٓ٣‬جُٔٔ‪ُ٤‬جش ج‪٣٫‬ؿحذ‪٤‬س ُِٓرن جُ‪ٛ‬كل‪.٠‬‬
‫ًُج ك‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬قىز ْ‪ٞ‬ف ٗك‪ ٍٞ‬إٔ ٗططٍم جُ‪ٓ ٠‬ح ‪:٠ٔٓ٣‬‬
‫‪Applying for jobs & letters of applications.‬‬

‫‪- How can we apply for jobs and what is the type of letters that we‬‬
‫‪can use for applications.‬‬
‫‪- The application or the letter, in which you offer your services‬‬
‫‪and qualifications to the employer, may be most important letter‬‬
‫‪that you will ever write. Because it may change the whole course‬‬
‫‪of your career, it may move you from a student to an employee. It‬‬
‫‪may change from one post to another.‬‬
‫هننى ضطِنند جُٗننًٍس ‪ ٝ‬ضؼِ نٖ ػننٖ قحؾط‪ٜ‬ننح ُننرؼ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظننحتق ‪ ٝ‬هٔننص أٗننص ذاٌْننحٍ ْنن‪ٍ٤‬ضي‬
‫جًُجض‪٤‬ننس ‪ِ٠ ٝ‬نند ض‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬ننق ئُنن‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬ننحش جُٔهط‪ٛ‬ننس ‪ْ ٝ‬نن‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬كطلظنن‪ٞ‬ج ذطِنني جُطِرننحش ُكنن‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫ض‪ٞ‬كٍ ٖ‪ٞ‬جؿٍ أ‪ ٝ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬ق‪ ٖ٤‬جُكحؾس ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ْٞ ٠‬ف ‪ٍ٣‬ؾؼ‪ٞ‬ج جُ‪ ٠‬جٌٖ‪٤‬ل‪٣ ٝ ْٜ‬و‪ٞٓٞ‬ج ذطِري‪.‬‬
‫ًُج ٗو‪ ٍٞ‬إٔ ٌْحُس ‪ِ٠‬د جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ٌذٔح ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬جٍُْحُس ج‪ ْٛ٧‬جُطن‪ ٠‬ضٌطر‪ٜ‬نح كن‪ ٠‬ق‪٤‬حضني‪ .‬كنايج‬
‫قحُلنني جُكننع ‪ً ٝ‬حٗننص جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لننس ٍٓٓ‪ٞ‬هننس ‪ ٝ‬ك‪٤‬نن‪ ٚ‬ضوننىّ ‪ٝ‬ظ‪٤‬لنن‪ ٝ ٠‬ك‪ٜ٤‬ننح ضوننىّ جؾطٔننحػ‪ ٠‬أٗننص‬
‫ػِٔ‪٤‬ح ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضو‪ ٍٞ‬أٗي ػِٔ‪٤‬ح أٓ٘ص جُ‪ٞٞ‬غ جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬ل‪ ٝ ٠‬ج‪٧‬ؾطٔنحػ‪ُ ٠‬ني ‪ْ٩ ٝ‬نٍضي ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ُٔٓننطورِي جُٔ‪ٜ٘‬نن‪ٓ ٝ ٠‬ننٖ ‪٘ٛ‬ننح ضننأض‪ ٠‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬ط‪ٜ‬ننح‪ .‬كوننى ضـ‪٤‬ننٍ ٓٓننحٌ ق‪٤‬حضنني ٗ‪ٜ‬حت‪٤‬ننح كآننح جٕ ضرونن‪٠‬‬
‫ُِٔ‪ٜ٘‬س ‪ ٝ‬ض‪ٛ‬رف ٓكطٍف ‪ ٝ professional‬ئٓح إٔ ضطًٍ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ ٝ‬ض٘طوَ جُن‪ٜ٘ٓ ٠‬نس أننٍ‪ٝ .ٟ‬‬
‫ٌٓٔننٖ إٔ ض٘طوننَ ٓننٖ ٍٓقِننس ‪ ٝ‬ق‪٤‬ننحز جُطحُنند ‪ student stage‬جُنن‪ٍٓ ٠‬قِننس جُٔ‪ٞ‬ظننق‬
‫‪084‬‬
‫‪ٍٓ employee stage‬قِس جٍُؾَ جُؼِٔن‪ ٠‬جُٔ٘نطؽ ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٠‬أٗنص ض‪ٟ‬نغ أ‪ٝ‬هنىّ ػِن‪ٛ ٠‬نًج‬
‫جُِْٓ ‪ ٠ٛ ٝ‬ضهطِق ٖٓ ‪ٝ‬ظ‪٤‬لس جُ‪ ٠‬جنٍ‪.ٟ‬‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس ٌٗطل‪ ٠‬ذ‪ًٜ‬ج جُوىٌ ػِ‪ ٠‬أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌنْ كن‪ ٠‬جُكِونس جُوحوٓنس ئٕ ٖنحء هللا‬
‫جُ‪ ٠‬يُي جُك‪ ٖ٤‬وٓطْ ك‪ ٠‬قلع هللا ‪ٌ ٝ‬ػح‪٣‬طس ‪ ٝ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحضس‪.‬‬

‫‪085‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىضبدصخ و اىعشروُ‬

‫ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‪ْ٤‬‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس‪ ,‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحضس‪ ,‬أ‪ ٬ْٜ ٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس‬
‫جُهحٓٓس ‪ ٝ‬جُؼٍٗ‪ٓ ٖٓ ٕٝ‬حوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س ذحُـس ج‪ٗ٧‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫ض‪ٞ‬هل٘ح ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس جُٓحذن ػ٘ى جُ‪ٞ‬قىز جُػحٓ٘س ‪ ٝ‬جُٔطؼِوس ذٌ‪٤‬ل‪٤‬س جُطوىّ ُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس‪.‬‬

‫‪Applying for jobs &letters applications‬‬

‫‪ٛ‬نن‪ ٞ‬ػرننحٌز ػننٖ ٌْننحُس ئُنن‪ٚ ٠‬ننحقد جُؼٔننَ ضؼرننٍ ك‪ٜ٤‬ننح ػننٖ ٗلٓنني ‪ ٝ‬ضؼننٍ‪ ٜ‬نننىٓحضي ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٓإ‪٬ٛ‬ضي ‪ٓ ٝ ٝ‬وىٌضي ػِ‪ ٠‬أوجء ػَٔ ٓؼ‪ .ٖ٤‬كايج ً٘ص ٓكظ‪ٞ‬ظ ‪ ٝٝ‬ق‪ِٛ‬ص ػِ‪ ٠‬كٍ‪ٚ‬نس‬
‫‪ٝ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ؾ‪٤‬ىز ٌذٔح ضـ‪ٓ ٍ٤‬ؿٍ‪ ٟ‬ق‪٤‬حضي ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ض‪ٛ‬رف ك‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُِكظس أ‪ٛ‬نْ ٌْنحُس ًطرط‪ٜ‬نح‬
‫كنن‪ ٠‬ق‪٤‬حضنني‪ ٝ .‬ضهط‪٤‬طنني ئُنن‪ ٠‬جُٔٓننطورَ ك‪ٔ٤‬ننح ‪٣‬طؼِننن ذأْننٍضي ‪٤ً ٝ‬ننق ضؼنن‪ ٕ٤‬جُك‪٤‬ننحز جُطنن‪٠‬‬
‫ضٍؿد ك‪ ٠‬ظَ ٓ٘حكٓس ٖى‪٣‬ىز ‪ ٝ‬ذطحُس ‪ ٝ‬ض‪ٞ‬كٍ ظٍ‪ٝ‬ف ٓطـ‪٤‬نٍز ‪ٓ ٝ‬طٍذنس ‪ٓ ٝ‬نٖ ‪٘ٛ‬نح ضنأض‪٠‬‬
‫أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س ‪ًٛ‬ج جُٔ‪ٞ‬هق ق‪٤‬ع ض٘وِي ٓنٖ ٍٓقِنس جُطحُند ٓنٖ ٍٓقِنس ج‪٩‬ػطٔنحو ػِن‪ ٠‬جُـ‪٤‬نٍ جُن‪٠‬‬
‫ٍٓقِس ج‪٩‬ػطٔحو ػِ‪ ٠‬جُ٘لّ‪ٝ ,‬ئُ‪ٍٓ ٠‬قِس ضكو‪٤‬ن جًُجش‪ًِ٘ ٝ .‬ح ‪٣‬طًًٍ ِْْ جُكحؾحش‪ .‬أ‪٫ٝ‬‬
‫ضأض‪ ٠‬جُكحؾحش جُلٓ‪ُٞٞ٤‬ؾ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُكحؾحش ج‪ْ٧‬حْ‪٤‬س ذحُىٌؾس ج‪ ٠ُٝ٧‬جُط‪ ٠‬ضوغ ك‪ ٠‬هنحع جُ‪ٜ‬نٍّ‬
‫ٖٓ ٓأًَ ‪ٍٗٓ ٝ‬خ ‪ِٓٝ‬رّ‪٣ ٝ .‬ؿد إٔ ٗطًًٍ إٔ أ‪٣ُٞٝ‬حش ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُكحؾحش ‪ٛ‬ن‪ ٞ‬قحؾط٘نح ئُن‪٠‬‬
‫جُ‪ٜٞ‬جء‪ .‬ك‪ ٜٞ‬أٍْع قحؾس ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضِر‪ ٠‬كن٘كٖ ًرٗنٍ كن‪ ٠‬قحؾنس ٖنى‪٣‬ىز ئُن‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٜ‬ن‪ٞ‬جء كنأًػٍ‬
‫هىٌز ػِ‪ ٠‬جُط‪ٞ‬هق ػٖ جُطلّ ػ٘ى جُـ‪ٞ‬ج‪ ٖ٤ٚ‬ض‪ َٛ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬وه‪٤‬وط‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ ٝ‬غ‪٬‬غس‪.‬‬
‫‪The range of bearing to stop breathing is from two or three‬‬
‫‪minutes (to the divers).‬‬
‫‪ ُٞ ٝ‬ضط‪ٌٗٞ‬ح أًػٍ كٓن٘ؿى قحؾط٘نح ُ‪ً٨‬نَ أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔنحء‪ .‬كٌنْ ‪ٓ٣‬نطط‪٤‬غ ج‪ٓٗ٩‬نحٕ إٔ ‪ٛ٣‬نرٍ ػِن‪٠‬‬
‫ػىّ ٍٖخ جُٓ‪ٞ‬جتَ‪ ٖ٤ٓٞ٣ .‬أ‪ ٝ‬غ‪٬‬غس أ‪ ٝ‬ئْر‪ٞ‬ع ػِ‪ ٠‬أه‪ ٠ٛ‬ضوى‪٬ٗ .ٍ٣‬قنع أٗ٘نح جٗطوِ٘نح ٓنٖ‬
‫وهننحتن جُنن‪ ٠‬أ‪٣‬ننحّ‪ .‬غننْ ذؼننى يُنني قحؾط٘ننح جُنن‪ً٨ُ ٠‬ننَ ضأنننً ‪ٝ‬هننص أ‪٠‬نن‪ٓ ٍٞ‬ننٖ قحؾطننح ُِٔننحء أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُٓنن‪ٞ‬جتَ كٌٔٔننٖ ض‪ٛ‬ننَ جُنن‪٤ٓٞ٣ 98 ٠‬ننح‪ ٝ .‬ضؿننى إٔ جُٔ‪ٟ‬ننٍذ‪ ٖ٤‬ػننٖ جُطؼننحّ ‪٣‬ؼِٔنن‪ٞ‬ج ػِنن‪٠‬‬
‫ئػطحت‪ ْٜ‬جُٓ‪ٞ‬جتَ ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٬ٓ٧‬ـ ٖٓ أؾَ إٔ ‪٣‬كحكظ‪ٞ‬ج ػِ‪ ٠‬ق‪٤‬حض‪ ْٜ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬هَ‪ .‬ق‪٤‬ع ضٓطط‪٤‬غ‬
‫إٔ ض‪ٛ‬رٍ ُٔىز ‪ٓٞ٣ 95‬ح غنْ ذؼنى يُني ض‪ٛ‬نَ ئُن‪ٍٓ ٠‬قِنس قٍؾنس‪ٍٓ .‬قِنس ‪ٞ‬نؼق ‪ٛ ٝ‬نُجٍ‬
‫‪ٌٝ‬ذٔح ض‪ َٛ‬جُ‪ ٠‬كوىجٕ ق‪٤‬حضي‪ .‬غْ قحؾطي جٌُٖٔٓ ‪ ٝ‬جُطُج‪ٝ‬ؼ ‪ ٝ‬قحؾطي جُ‪ ٠‬ج‪ ٖٓ٧‬هحٍ هللا‬
‫ضؼحُ‪٬٣٩( ٠‬ف هٍ‪ ٕ٣‬ئ‪٬٣‬ك‪ٌ ْٜ‬قِس جُٗطحء ‪ٝ‬جُ‪٤ٛ‬ق كِ‪٤‬ؼرى‪ٝ‬ج ٌخ ‪ًٛ‬ج جُر‪٤‬نص جُنً‪ ٟ‬آٓن٘‪ْٜ‬‬
‫ٖٓ ؾ‪ٞ‬ع ‪ ٝ‬أ‪٠‬ؼٔ‪ ٖٓ ْٜ‬ن‪ٞ‬ف) ‪٫‬قع جُطٍض‪٤‬د جُؿ‪ٞ‬ع ‪٣‬أض‪ ٠‬ك‪ ٠‬هحػىز ‪ٍ ٍّٛ‬بحيى غنْ ذؼنى‬
‫يُي ضأض‪ ٠‬قحؾط٘ح ئُ‪ ٠‬ج‪ .ٖٓ٧‬ك‪ ٌٖٔ٣ ٬‬إٔ ضلٌٍ ك‪ ٠‬ج‪ٓ٧‬نٖ ئيج ً٘نص ؿ‪٤‬نٍ هنحوٌػِ‪ ٠‬ئٖنرحع‬
‫جُكحؾحش ج‪ْ٧‬حْ‪٤‬س ك‪ ٠‬جُٔٓط‪ ٟٞ‬ج‪ ٍٝ٧‬غْ ذؼى يُني ضٗنرغ قحؾطني ئُن‪ ٠‬ج‪ٓ٧‬نٖ ‪ ٝ‬جُٔكحكظنس‬
‫‪086‬‬
‫ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪ ٖٓ٧‬غْ ذؼى يُي ض٘طوَ ئُ‪ ٠‬قحؾطي ئُ‪ ٠‬ج‪٩‬قطٍجّ ‪ ٫ٞٚٝ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬ضكو‪٤‬ن جًُجش جُط‪ ٠‬ضوغ‬
‫ك‪ ٠‬هٔس جُ‪ ٍّٜ‬كأٗص ٓنٖ نن‪ ٍ٬‬ضونى‪ ْ٣‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لنس ‪ٝ‬ئيج جْنططؼص إٔ ضلن‪ َٞ‬ذ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لنس ٍٓ‪ٞ‬ن‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ض‪ٛ‬رف ٓكطٍف ‪ٓ professional‬هط‪ٗ ٝ ٙ‬حؾف ك‪ٓ ٠‬ؿنحٍ ػِٔني ‪ٗ٣ ٝ‬نحٌ ئُ‪٤‬ني ذحُر٘نحٕ‬
‫ك‪ًٜ‬ج ‪٘٣‬ؼٌّ ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬لٓ‪٤‬طي‪ ٝ .‬ػِن‪ ٠‬ئ‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬طني‪٣ .‬ن٘ؼٌّ ػِن‪ٗ ٠‬ظٍضني ُِك‪٤‬نحز‪ .‬ذك‪٤‬نع ض‪ٛ‬نرف‬
‫ٗظٍز ضلحؤُ‪٤‬س ‪ٗ ٝ‬ظٍز ٓلٍقس ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ض٘ؼٌّ ػِ‪ ٠‬ػ‪٬‬هطني ذنح‪٧‬نٍ‪ٝ ٖ٣‬ػ‪٬‬هطني ذحُك‪٤‬نحز‬
‫ًٌَ ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬أٗص ضط‪ٛ‬حُف ‪ ٝ‬ضؼَٔ ػ‪٬‬هحش ؾ‪٤‬ىز ٓغ جُؿٔ‪٤‬غ‪ ٝ .‬ك‪ ٠‬جُ٘‪ٜ‬ح‪٣‬س ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضل‪ٝ َٞ‬‬
‫‪ًٛ‬ج ‪ٛ‬ىف أ‪ ٟ‬جٗٓحٕ‪ .‬ئيج ك‪٘٣ ٜٞ‬وِي ٖٓ ٍٓقِس جُطحُد جُ‪ٍٓ ٠‬قِس جُٔٓطهىّ ج‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ظق‪.‬‬

‫‪The letter should cover as shortly and simply as possible the‬‬

‫‪following points:‬‬

‫جٍُْننحُس جُطنن‪ ٠‬ضوننىٓ‪ٜ‬ح ٓننٖ أؾننَ جُك‪ٛ‬نن‪ ٍٞ‬ػِنن‪ٝ ٠‬ظ‪٤‬لننس أ‪ ٝ‬جُطِنند ضٔطننحَ ذحُو‪ٛ‬ننٍ ‪ُ ٝ‬نن‪ّ٤‬‬
‫جُو‪ ٍٛ‬جُٗى‪٣‬ى ػِ‪ ٠‬قٓحخ جُٔؼ٘‪ ٌُٖ .٠‬ضًًٍ إٔ ‪ٝ‬هنص هنحٌ‪ٟ‬ء جُطِرنحش ٓكنىو‪ ٝ .‬جُ‪ٞ‬هنص‬
‫غٔنن‪ ٝ ٖ٤‬ج‪٠٩‬حُننس ‪ٓ ٫‬رننٌٍ ُ‪ٜ‬ننح ‪ُ ٫ ٝ‬ننُ‪ُٜ ّٝ‬ننح ‪ ٝ‬جُطلح‪ٚ‬نن‪ َ٤‬جُطنن‪ ٫ ٠‬ضِننُّ ‪ٓ ٫‬رننٌٍ ُنني إٔ‬
‫ضٌطر‪ٜ‬ح‪٣ ٝ .‬ؿد إٔ ضٔطحَ ذحُرٓح‪٠‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٞٞٞ‬ـ ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ضل‪ ٖٓ ْٜ‬هرَ جُونحٌ‪ٟ‬ء أ‪ٓ ٝ‬طهنً‬
‫جُوٍجٌ ‪ human resources manager‬أ‪ ٝ‬جوجٌز جُو‪ ٟٞ‬جُرٗنٍ‪٣‬س كن‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬نس جُطن‪ ٠‬ضونىّ‬
‫ُ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ِ٠‬ري ًٔح ‪٘٣‬رـ‪ُٜ ٠‬ح ‪ ٕ٧‬أ‪ ٟ‬ك‪ ْٜ‬نح‪٠٠‬ء ‪٣‬إو‪ ٟ‬جُ‪ ٠‬جْطرؼحو ‪ِ٠‬ري أ‪ٌْ ٝ‬حُطي‪.‬‬
‫‪Some indications of the source of information from which you‬‬
‫‪have learnt about the job (vacancy).‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضًًٍ ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش‪٤ً .‬ق ْٔؼص ػٖ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ٓػ‪ ٖٓ ٝ ٬‬وُي ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُطٍ‪٣‬وس جُط‪ ٠‬ق‪ِٛ‬ص ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ًوٍجتط‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ ٠‬جُؿٍجتى ‪ newspaper‬ج‪ ٝ‬ئػ‪ٕ٬‬‬
‫‪ advertising‬أ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬جُط‪٤ِ٤‬لُ‪ on the TV ٕٞ٣‬أ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُ‪ٛ‬كق أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔؿ‪٬‬ش أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ػٖ ‪٣ٍ٠‬ن َٓ‪.َ٤‬‬
‫‪1- A formal application for the past and expression of interest‬‬
‫‪of the particular work required.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿنند إٔ ‪ٌ٣‬نن‪ِ٠ ٕٞ‬رنني ٌْننٔ‪ٌ٣ ٝ ٠‬نن‪ ٕٞ‬ذٍ‪٣‬ننى‪ ٝ ٟ‬ضرننى‪ٌ ٟ‬ؿرطنني ‪ٝ‬ج‪ٛ‬طٔحٓنني ُ‪ٜ‬ننًج جُؼٔننَ‬
‫جُٔطِنن‪ٞ‬خ‪ٝ .‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬نننس ‪ٛ‬ننًج جُؼٔنننَ ذحُ٘ٓنننرس ُنني ػِننن‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٛ‬نننؼ‪٤‬ى جُٗه‪ٛ‬نن‪ ٝ ٠‬ػِننن‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٛ‬نننؼ‪٤‬ى‬
‫ج‪٩‬ؾطٔننحػ‪ٝ ٠‬ػِنن‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٛ‬ننؼ‪٤‬ى جُ٘لٓنن‪ ٠‬ئُنن‪ ٠‬آنننٍ‪٣ .ٙ‬ؿنند إٔ ضرنن‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬ننس ‪ٛ‬ننًج جُؼٔننَ ‪ٓ ٝ‬ننى‪ٟ‬‬
‫جْننطؼىجوى ‪ٓٝ‬وننىٌضي ػِنن‪ ٠‬جُو‪٤‬ننحّ ذ‪ٜ‬ننًج جُؼٔننَ ‪ٝ‬ضؼننَُ يُنني ذٔٓننط‪ ٟٞ‬ضؼِ‪ٔ٤‬نني ‪ٝ‬نرٍجضنني‬
‫‪ٝ‬جٌُ‪ٌْٞ‬حش جُكح‪ َٚ‬ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ٗ ٝ‬ظٍضي ُِك‪٤‬حز أ‪ ٝ‬ض‪ ٌٞٛ‬و‪ ٌٝ‬ذٓ‪ ١٤‬ػٖ ٗلٓني ً‪٤‬نق ضنى‪ٍ٣‬‬
‫‪ٛ‬نًج جُؼٔنَ ‪ٕ٧ by using evidence, education, education, experience.‬‬
‫أ‪ٚ ٟ‬ننحقد ػٔننَ ‪٣ٍ٣‬ننى إٔ ‪٣‬هطننحٌ ج‪ً٧‬لننحء ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطننحُ‪ ٠‬غننن ضٔحٓننح ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ننح كنن‪ ٠‬جُوطننحع‬
‫جُهح٘ ذوىٌ ٓح ضٌ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬و٘غ ُ‪٦‬نٍ أ‪ُٛ ٝ‬حقد جُؼَٔ ذوىٌ ٓح ‪٣‬ؼط‪٤‬ي ِْْ ‪ٝ‬ظ‪٤‬لن‪ ٠‬أػِن‪٠‬‬
‫‪٣ ٝ‬ؼط‪٤‬ي ٌجضد ٓؿُ‪ ٝ .ٟ‬جُٗ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٛ‬ى جُٔحو‪٣‬س كن‪ ٠‬جُك‪٤‬نحز كن‪ ٠‬ؾٔ‪٤‬نغ جُنى‪ ٍٝ‬ضرن‪ ٖ٤‬يُني‪ .‬ق‪٤‬نع‬
‫‪087‬‬
‫ضؿى جغ٘‪ ٖ٤‬نٍ‪٣‬ؿ‪ٗ ٖٓ ٖ٤‬لّ جُؿحٓؼنس ‪ُ ٝ‬ن‪ٖ ّ٤‬نٍ‪ ٠‬إٔ ‪٣‬ك‪ٛ‬نَ ‪ٚ‬نحقد جُٔؼنىٍ ج‪٧‬ػِن‪٠‬‬
‫ػِ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ج‪٧‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ك‪ًٜ‬ج ‪٣‬ؼطٔى ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٔوحذِس ‪٣ٍ٠ ٝ‬وس جُطِد ‪٣ ٝ‬ؼطٔى ػِن‪ ٠‬جُطؼر‪٤‬نٍ ػنٖ‬
‫ٗلٓي‪ .‬كأٗح جيج ً٘ص ‪ٚ‬حقد ػَٔ ‪ ٝ‬ضوىّ جغ٘‪ٝ ٖ٤‬جقى جٓط‪٤‬حَ ‪ٝ‬ج‪٥‬نٍ ؾ‪٤‬ى ؾىج ‪ ٖٓ ٝ‬نن‪ٍ٬‬‬
‫جُٔوحذِس ضر‪ ٠ُ ٖ٤‬إٔ جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جُكح‪ َٚ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ضوى‪ ٍ٣‬ؾ‪٤‬ى ؾىج أًػٍ ٓ‪ٜ‬حٌز ‪ٍٗٝٓ ٝ‬نس ‪ ٝ‬أًػنٍ‬
‫هىٌز ػِن‪ ٠‬جُطؼحٓنَ ٓنغ ج‪٥‬ننٍ‪how to communicate and affect the other ٖ٣‬‬
‫ً‪٤‬ق ضطٌ‪٤‬ق ٓغ ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ ٝ ٖ٣‬ض‪ٛ‬رف ٓكر‪ٞ‬ذح ٖٓ جُؿٔ‪٤‬غ‪How to adopt with other? .‬‬
‫كٍذٔح ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جُكح‪ َٚ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ضوى‪ ٍ٣‬ؾ‪٤‬نى ؾنىج أك‪ٟ‬نَ ٓنٖ جُٗنه‪ ٙ‬جُكح‪ٚ‬نَ ػِن‪٠‬‬
‫ضوى‪ ٍ٣‬جٓط‪٤‬حَ‪ .‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٫ ٠‬ضطلحؾ‪٠‬ء ئيج أنطحٌش جًٍُٗس جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جُكح‪ٚ‬نَ ػِن‪ ٠‬ضونى‪ ٍ٣‬ؾ‪٤‬نى‬
‫ؾىج ‪ ٝ‬ك‪ ٠ٜ‬ضؼطٔى ػِ‪٠ ٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼس جُٔوحذِس ك‪ٜ٘‬حى ؾ‪ٞ‬جٗد أننٍ‪ُ ٟ‬نى‪ ٟ‬جُٗنه‪ ٙ‬ج‪ٔ٣ ٍٝ٧‬طنحَ‬
‫ذ‪ٜ‬ح ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جُػحٗ‪ ٠‬كأٗح ً‪ٛ‬نحقد ػٔنَ أٗظنٍ جُن‪ ٠‬جُو‪ٔ٤‬نس جٌُِ‪٤‬نس ‪the total value‬‬
‫كأٗنص ضأننً جُٗنه‪ًٌ ٙ‬نَ ‪٫‬ضٓنطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضل‪ٛ‬نَ ؾحٗند ػنٖ آننٍ ‪you can imagine‬‬
‫‪٣ٝ how much he benefit us and our company.‬ؿد إٔ ضر‪ ٖ٤‬كن‪ ٠‬جُطِند جٗني‬
‫هحوٌ ػِ‪ ٠‬جُطؼِد ‪ ٝ‬جُطىٌ‪٣‬د ‪ ٝ‬ضط‪ٜٓ ٍ٣ٞ‬حٌجضي ‪٤ً ٝ‬نق ‪ٌٔ٣‬نٖ إٔ ضٓنطـَ ٓ٘ك٘ن‪ ٠‬جُهرنٍز‬
‫جًُ‪ُ ٟ‬ى‪٣‬ي‪.‬‬
‫‪You are able to learn and able to get training and make what we‬‬
‫‪call a completed value. How to treat with this a completed value in‬‬
‫‪your mind also skills experiment.‬‬
‫جُهرٍجش ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬يجش ٓ‪ٞٞٞ‬ػ‪٤‬س ػحُ‪٤‬س ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬ط٘‪ٞ‬ػس ‪ٓ٤ُ ٝ‬ص نرٍز‬
‫ٓطٌٌٍز‪ .‬ذوىٌ ٓح ضطِغ ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ ٖ٣‬ذ‪ ًٜٙ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪٤ٞ‬غ ذوىٌ ٓح ضك‪ ٝ َٛ‬ضل‪ َٞ‬ذحُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس‪.‬‬

‫‪2-personal data: name, mailing, address, telephone no.‬‬

‫جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش جُٗه‪٤ٛ‬س جٍُٔضرطس ذي أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ٓ‪ٜٔ‬س‪٣ .‬ؿد إٔ ضٌطد ػِ‪ْ ٠‬ر‪ َ٤‬جُٔػحٍ ج‪ْْ٫‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬جُؼ٘‪ٞ‬جٕ ‪ٌ ٝ‬هْ جُط‪٤ِ٤‬ل‪ ٌٞٓ٧ ًٙٛ ًَ ٕٞ‬أْحْ‪٤‬س قط‪ ٠‬ضٌٔ٘‪ ْٜ‬ذحُٔٓطورَ ٖٓ ج‪٩‬ض‪ٛ‬حٍ ذي‬
‫‪٣ ٝ contact with you‬رو‪ٞ‬ج ػِ‪ ٠‬ض‪ٞ‬ج‪ٓ َٚ‬ؼي ئُ‪ ٠‬إٔ ‪٣‬وٌٍ‪ٝ‬ج ‪ َٛ‬أٗص ٓ٘حْد أ‪.٫ٝ‬‬
‫هى ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬أٗص ج‪ٓ ٕ٥‬كطحؼ ئُ‪ٌ ٠‬هْ ‪ٝ‬جقى ‪٫ٝ‬ضكطحؼ ئُ‪ٌ ٠‬هْ غ‪٬‬غس ‪ ٝ‬ذؼى كطٍز ٖٓ جُُٖٓ‬
‫‪٣‬كطحؼ ئُ‪ٌ ٠‬هْ غ‪٬‬غس ئيج قىظ نطأ ٖٓ ٌهْ ‪ٝ‬جقى ‪ٌٝ‬هْ جغ٘‪ ٝ ٖ٤‬ض‪ٛ‬رف جُلٍ‪ٚ‬س ٓ‪٤ٜ‬ثس‬
‫ُي‪ .‬جيج ‪٣ ْٛ‬طؼحِٓ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬ؼي ػِ‪ًٛ ٠‬ج ج‪ْ٧‬حِ ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿد جٕ ضٌ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬ىٌى ٌُ‪٤‬ل‪٤‬س جُط‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬ق‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُطؼحَٓ ٓغ جُطِرحش ‪ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظحتق‪.‬‬

‫‪3-Education, qualification, school college's universities night‬‬

‫‪classes also mention certificates and degrees obtained.‬‬

‫‪088‬‬
‫‪You should indicate the limit of education, school, colleges,‬‬
‫‪universities, night classes; also mention certificates and degree‬‬
‫‪obtained.‬‬

‫ً‪٤‬ق ضؼرٍ ػٖ ٗلٓي ‪ ٝ‬ضٌطد ‪ًٛ‬ج ك‪ ٠‬جُـ ‪ ٖٓ C.V‬أؾَ جُك‪ ٍٞٛ‬ػِن‪ ٠‬ػٔنَ‪ .‬كنايج ً٘نص‬
‫ضأنً و‪ٌٝ‬جش ُ‪٤ِ٤‬س‪ٝ ,‬جُىٌؾحش جُؼِٔ‪٤‬س جُط‪ ٠‬ق‪ِٛ‬ص ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح‪ ٝ ,‬جُٗن‪ٜ‬حوجش ‪ ٝ‬جُنى‪ٌٝ‬جش جُطن‪٠‬‬
‫ق‪ٍٟ‬ض‪ٜ‬ح ‪٤ًٝ‬ق جْطلىش ٖٓ ًَ و‪ٌٝ‬ز‪٣ ٝ .‬ؿد إٔ ضًًٍ ٓىز جُنى‪ٌٝ‬ز ‪ٝ‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬نس جُطن‪ ٠‬هنىٓص‬
‫جُى‪ٌٝ‬ز‪ٝ ,‬ك‪ ٠‬أ‪ٌٓ ٟ‬حٕ ػوىش جُى‪ٌٝ‬ز‪ ًٙٛ ًَ .‬ج‪ُٜ ٌٞٓ٧‬ح ‪َٜٗٝ‬ح ‪ٜٗ٧‬نح كن‪ ٠‬جُ٘‪ٜ‬ح‪٣‬نس ضؼٌنّ‬
‫ؾحٗد ٖٓ ٖه‪٤ٛ‬طي ‪ ٝ‬ضكح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضطٔثٖ جُطٍف ج‪٧‬نٍ ذأٗي هحوٌ ػِ‪٠ِٓ ٠‬ء ‪ًٛ‬ج جُلٍجؽ‬
‫‪ًٛ ٝ‬ج جُٔ‪ٞ‬هغ ‪ ٝ‬ػ٘ىى جُؿىجٌز ‪ ٝ‬جُوىٌز ‪ٝ‬أٗني جٍُؾنَ جُٔ٘حْند ُ‪ٜ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لنس ‪you are‬‬
‫‪ the suitable man for this job‬كأٗص ضكح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضهرٍ‪ ْٛ‬ذ‪ ًٜٙ‬جُطٍ‪٣‬وس كايج جهط٘ؼن‪ٞ‬ج‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف ‪ٞ٣‬ظل‪ٞ‬ى ‪ٝ‬ئيج ُنْ ‪٣‬وط٘ؼن‪ٞ‬ج كٓن‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬ركػن‪ ٕٞ‬ػنٖ جُرنى‪converse more down َ٣‬‬
‫‪ the alternative‬أًػننٍ ٓننٖ ٖننه‪ٓ ٙ‬طوننىّ ُ‪ٜ‬ننً‪ ٙ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لننس أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ننح ‪ٓ٣‬ننٔ‪ ٠‬ذحُٔٓننحذوحش ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ج‪ٓ٩‬طكحٗننحش جُطك‪ٟ‬نن‪٣ٍ٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُؼِٔ‪٤‬ننس ‪ ٝ‬جُٔوننحذ‪٬‬ش ‪ً ٝ‬ننَ ‪ٛ‬ننً‪ ٙ‬ج‪ٓ٧‬نن‪ٓ ٌٞ‬ننٖ أؾننَ إٔ ‪٣‬ؼِٔنن‪ٞ‬ج‬
‫ػِٔ‪٤‬س ‪ٓٓ scanning‬ف ‪ٝ‬ؿٍذِس ُِٔطوىٓ‪ُِٞ ٖ٤‬ظ‪٤‬لس‪.‬‬

‫‪4-past experience which has a particular bearing on the job‬‬

‫‪and any other skills.‬‬

‫جُهرٍز جُٓحذوس ضِؼد و‪ً ٌٝ‬ر‪ ٍ٤‬ؾىج كن‪ٓ ٠‬ونىٌضي ػِن‪ ٠‬جُو‪٤‬نحّ ذ‪ٜ‬نًج جُؼٔنَ ‪ٗ٧‬ن‪ُ ٚ‬ى‪٣‬ن‪ ٚ‬نرنٍز‬
‫‪ِ٣ٞ٠‬س ك‪ٓ ٠‬ؿحٍ ٓؼ‪ ِْٓ ٝ ٖ٤‬ذٌَ جُطلح‪ًٗ ّ٤ُٝ َ٤ٚ‬نه‪ ٙ‬ؾى‪٣‬نى‪ ٝ .‬أ‪ٜٓ ٟ‬نحٌجش أننٍ‪ٟ‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضًًٍ‪ٛ‬ح ‪ ٚٗ٧‬ج‪٧‬هىٌػِ‪ ٠‬ضكى‪٣‬ى ٓى‪ ٟ‬جْطلحوز جًٍُٗس ٖٓ ضِي جُٔ‪ٜ‬حٌجش ‪ ْٛ‬جُ٘حِ‬
‫جُٔوحذِ‪ُ ٖ٤‬ي ٖٓ ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُؿِ‪ٓ ِٞ‬ؼي ‪ٓ ٝ‬نٖ نن‪ ٍ٬‬جُٔ٘حهٗنس ٓؼني ‪٠ ٝ‬نٍـ ج‪ْ٧‬نثِس ػِ‪٤‬ني‬
‫قط‪ ٌٖٔ٣ ٠‬إٔ ‪٣‬طؼٍك‪ٞ‬ج ػِ‪ٖ ٠‬ه‪٤ٛ‬طي ‪ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٜ‬حٌجش ‪ٝ‬جُهرٍجش جُط‪ُ ٠‬ى‪٣‬ي‪.‬‬

‫‪5-A statement of the writer’s readiness to keep any‬‬

‫‪appointment for an interview and to carry out the duties‬‬
‫‪devotedly if appointed.‬‬

‫ٓى‪ ٟ‬هىٌز جٌُحضد ‪ ٝ‬ؾح‪٣ُٛ‬طس ػِ‪ ٠‬إٔ ‪٣‬كحكع ػِ‪ ٠‬ضِي جُلٍ‪ٚ‬س ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿًخ ج‪ٛ‬طٔحّ ‪ٝ‬ئُطلحش‬
‫‪ٝ‬ػ٘ح‪٣‬س جُ٘حِ جُٔوحذِ‪ٝ .ُٚ ٖ٤‬ئيج ضْ جُط‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬ق ً‪٤‬ق ضر‪ ٖ٤‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أٗي هحوٌػِ‪ ٠‬جُو‪٤‬حّ ذ‪ًٜ‬ج‬
‫جُؼَٔ جُٔ‪ ًَٞ‬ئُ‪٤‬ي أ‪ٝ‬أػٔحٍ أنٍ‪٤ًٝ ٟ‬ق ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضؼَٔ ضكص ‪ٞ‬ـ‪How much .١‬‬
‫?‪ُ َٛ ٝ can you work under pressure and stress‬ى‪٣‬ي جُوىٌز ػِ‪ ٠‬ضكَٔ‬
‫جُظٍ‪ٝ‬ف‪ .‬ك‪٣ٍ٣ ْٜ‬ى‪ٝ‬ج إٔ ‪٣‬ؼِٔ‪ٞ‬ج ‪ٟ٣ ٝ simulation‬ؼ‪ٞ‬ى ك‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬هق ذوىٌ ج‪ٌٓ٩‬حٕ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪089‬‬
ٖ٣ً‫ج ٓٓطل‬ٌٞٗٞ٣ ‫حٗح‬٤‫ْ أق‬ٜٗ‫ ضٓطـٍخ أ‬٬‫ ك‬.‫س ذي‬ٚ‫ ٌوز جُلؼَ جُهح‬reaction ‫ج جُـ‬ٞ‫قظ‬٬٣
‫ٔس‬ُٜٔ‫س ج‬٣ٞ٤‫ظحتق جُك‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٠‫ح ك‬ٚٞٛ‫ ن‬ٝ .‫ ٌوز كؼِي‬٠ِ‫ج ػ‬ٞ‫طؼٍك‬٣ ٕ‫ى ٖٓ أؾَ أ‬ٛ‫ػٖ ه‬
.‫ جُهىٓحش‬services ٍ‫ ٓؿح‬٠‫ح ك‬ٚٞٛ‫جُُذحتٖ ن‬ٝ‫ٍ أ‬٤ٛ‫حٍ ذحُؿٔح‬ٛ‫ض‬٩‫ يجش ج‬ٝ
There are many differences between service and goods. Goods
means physical product. It is easy to evaluate the performance of
any service due to the features of services.
‫ ًِ٘ح‬ٝ .‫ جُهىٓحش‬ٙ‫حت‬ٛ‫ ن‬ٝ ‫ٓف‬٬ٓ ‫ْ جُهىٓحش ذٓرد‬٤‫و‬٣ ٕ‫ جُٔٓطهىّ أ‬٠ِ‫ؼد ػ‬ٚ
ًٙٛ ٖٔٞ ٖٓ ٝ ‫س‬٣‫ ضهطِق ػٖ جُٔ٘طؿحش جُٔحو‬ٙ‫حت‬ٛ‫ح ػىز ن‬ُٜ ‫ٗؼٍف جُهىٓحش‬
intangible ٙ‫حت‬ٛ‫جُه‬
Services are intangible. Why physical product tangible? This is
very difficult. The condition of risk the conition of afraid if closes
too.
ُٕ‫ ضه‬٫ ‫ جُهىٓس‬ٟ‫طؼِن ذحُٔ٘طؽ جُٔحو‬٣ ‫طؼِن ذحُهىٓحش ذؼٌّ ٓح‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫رس ؾىج ك‬٣ٍ‫ٕ ه‬ٌٞ‫ْط‬
so you can‟t store the service. ‫ ضِٔي‬٫ ‫ًًُي جُهىٓس‬ٝ
The level of performance of any service is not the same even
services are not the same one time and another time. The person
who is produce and deliver the service. And buy the service is a
person. The person is the most important thing in this life which it
features in this level.
ٕٞ‫جُُذ‬ٝ .ٕٞ‫ جُُذ‬٠ِ‫٘ؼٌّ ػ‬٣ ًُٟ‫جُُٔجؼ ج‬ٝ ّ‫ جُؼح‬ٞ‫جُؿ‬ٝ ٍ‫ أن‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٙ‫ف ٖٓ ٖه‬٬‫نط‬٧‫ج‬
ٖٓ ‫ ؾُء‬ٚٗ‫ ئ‬٠ِ‫ىٌى ٓوىّ جُهىٓس ػ‬٣ ‫ف‬ْٞ ٝ as a total service ٠ِ‫ىٌى جُهىٓس ػ‬٣
.‫جُهىٓس‬
The man who provides the service is recognized by the customer
as part of the service.
When the customer or the buyer went to evaluate the performance
of service that he get and evaluate the total benefit from that
service.
.ٚ‫ط‬٤ٔٛ‫ أ‬٠‫٘ح ضأض‬ٛ ٖٓ ٝ ٟ‫هص ذؼٌّ جُٔ٘طؽ جُٔحو‬ُٞ‫ ٗلّ ج‬٠‫ح ك‬ٜ‫٘طلغ ذ‬٣ ٝ ‫جُهىٓس ض٘طؽ‬
Past experiment which has particular bearing on the job and
another skills and statement of the writer‟s would keep any
appointment for any interview and carry out the beauties devoted
if appointed.

091
‫ٌٗطلنن‪ ٠‬ذ‪ٜ‬ننًج جُوننىٌ كنن‪ٛ ٠‬ننً‪ ٙ‬جُكِوننس ػِنن‪ ٠‬أٓننَ جُِوننحء ذٌننْ كنن‪ ٠‬جُكِوننس جُوحوٓننس ‪ْ٫‬ننطٌٔحٍ‬
‫جُٔ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ع ‪ ٝ application and letter application‬كن‪ٜٗ ٠‬ح‪٣‬نس ‪ٛ‬نًج جُٔ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ع‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف ٗكح‪ ٍٝ‬ذونىٌ ج‪ٌٓ٧‬نحٕ إٔ ٗؼحُؿن‪ ٚ‬ذحُطل‪ٛ‬ن‪ َ٤‬أأٓنَ أٗن‪ ٢‬هنى ‪ٝ‬كونص كن‪ ٠‬ئػطنحء ٓوىٓنس‬
‫ذٓنن‪٤‬طس ػننٖ جُٔ‪ٞٞ‬نن‪ٞ‬ع ‪ْ ٝ‬نن‪ٞ‬ف ٌٗٔننَ كنن‪ ٢‬جُكِوننس جُوحوٓننس ئٕ ٖننحء هللا ضؼننحُ‪ٝ ٠‬جُنن‪ ٠‬يُنني‬
‫جُك‪ ٖ٤‬وٓطْ ك‪ ٠‬قلع هللا ‪ٌ ٝ‬ػح‪٣‬طس ‪ ٝ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪.ٚ‬‬

‫‪090‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىضبثعخ و اىعشروُ‬

‫ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‪ْ٤‬‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس‪ ,‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحضس‪ ,‬أ‪ ٬ْٜ ٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس جُٓحذؼس‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُؼٍٗ‪ٓ ٖٓ ٖ٣‬حوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س ذحُِـس ج‪ْ٘٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪ْ ٝ‬رن إٔ ضطٍه٘ح ك‪ ٠‬جُٔكح‪ٍٞ‬ز جُٓحذوس ئُ‪ٓ ٠‬ح ‪٠ٔٓ٣‬‬
‫?‪How to introduce an application and how write an application‬‬
‫جُطوى‪ ْ٣‬ئُ‪ِ٠ ٠‬د ‪ٝ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ‪ٝ‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س ‪ ًٙٛ‬جٍُْحُس ‪ٝ‬جُط‪ٌ ٠‬ذٔح ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬أ‪ٌْ ْٛ‬حُس ضٌطر‪ٜ‬ح ك‪٠‬‬
‫ق‪٤‬حضي‪ٓٗٝ .‬طٌَٔ ج‪ ٕ٥‬جُٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع ضكص ٓح ‪ ٠ٔٓ٣‬ذـ ‪getting the first job demand‬‬
‫‪٘ٛ‬حى ٗوح‪ً ٠‬ػ‪ٍ٤‬ز ‪ ٫‬ذى إٔ ٗأنً‪ٛ‬ح ذؼ‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪٧‬ػطرحٌ ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذ‪ ًٜٙ‬جُهح‪٤ٚ‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪1- Photocopy your certificates (more than one copy) because‬‬
‫‪you may apply for more than one job at the same time.‬‬

‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪ُ ٌٕٞ٣‬ى‪٣‬ي ػىو ًحف ٖٓ جُ‪ ٌٞٛ‬ػٖ جُٗ‪ٜ‬حوجش جُط‪ ٠‬ضكِٔ‪ٜ‬ح ْ‪ٞ‬جء ًحٗص‬
‫ٖ‪ٜ‬حوجش ضؼِ‪٤ٔ٤‬س أ‪ٜٖ ٝ‬حوجش ٓ‪٤ٜ٘‬س ضر‪ ٖ٤‬جُهرٍجش ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٜ‬حٌجش ‪ ٝ skills‬جُى‪ٌٝ‬جش جُط‪٠‬‬
‫ػوىش ‪ًٛ‬ج ٖٓ ٗحق‪٤‬س ‪ٗ ٖٓ ٝ‬حق‪٤‬س أنٍ‪٫ ٟ‬قع‪:‬‬
‫‪You should have more than one copy of any document or‬‬
‫‪certificate because you may for more than one job at the same‬‬
‫‪time. And you should be ready.‬‬
‫ك‪ ٬‬ذى إٔ ضٌ‪ٓٓ ٕٞ‬طؼى ‪ ٝ‬ػ٘ىى ‪ً package‬حَٓ ‪ ٝ‬أًػٍ ٖٓ ‪ٌٞٚ‬ز ػٖ ًَ ‪ٝ‬غ‪٤‬وس ٖٓ‬
‫‪ًٛ‬ز جُ‪ٞ‬غحتن ْ‪ٞ‬جء ًحٗص ٖ‪ٜ‬حوز ػِٔ‪٤‬س أ‪ٓ ٝ‬ىٌْ‪٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬ؾحٓؼ‪٤‬س أ‪ٜٖ ٝ‬حوجش وٌجْحش ػِ‪٤‬ح أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٖ‪ٜ‬حوجش نرٍز أ‪ٜٖ ٝ‬حوجش ‪ skills‬أ‪ٜٖ ٝ‬حوجش و‪ٌٝ‬جش‪ ًٙٛ ًَ .‬ج‪٣ ٌٞٓ٧‬ؿد جٕ ‪ٌٕٞ٣‬‬
‫ُى‪٣‬ي أًػٍ ٖٓ ٗٓهس ُ‪ٜ‬ح‪ٗ٧ .‬ي ‪ ٫‬ضطوىّ ئُ‪ٝ ٠‬ظ‪٤‬لس ‪ٝ‬جقىز ذَ ضطوىّ ئُ‪ ٠‬أًػٍ ٖٓ ؾ‪ٜ‬س‬
‫ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ك‪ٔ٤‬ح ‪٣‬طؼِن ذحُوطحع جُهح٘‪ .‬هى ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬ك‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُى‪ ٍٝ‬و‪ٞ٣‬جٕ جُهىٓس جُٔىٗ‪٤‬س‬
‫‪٣‬ؿرٍى ػِ‪ ٠‬جُطوىّ ُوطحع جُكٌ‪ٓٞ‬س‪ ٌُٖ .‬ك‪ ٠‬جُوطحع جُهح٘ أٗص ضطوىّ ئُ‪ ٠‬أًػٍ ٖٓ‬
‫ًٍٖس ‪ ٝ‬ذ٘لّ جُ‪ٞ‬هص ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٫ ٠‬ضؼٍف أ‪ْ ٖ٣‬طٌ‪ ٕٞ‬كٍ‪ٚ‬طي ٖٓ ذ‪ ٖ٤‬ضِي جُلٍ٘ كأٗص‬
‫ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬رىأ جػَٔ ٓكلظس جْطػٔحٌ‪٣‬س ػِ‪ٓٓ ٠‬ط‪ ٟٞ‬جُلٍ٘ جُٔٓطورِ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬ضكح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ض٘‪ٞ‬ع ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ضرؼع ئُ‪ ٠‬أًػٍ ٖٓ ؾ‪ٜ‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪2- Contact your reference= stuff member, friends, placement‬‬
‫‪sections, etc.‬‬

‫جُط‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬ق ‪٣‬طْ ُ‪ ّ٤‬كو‪ ٖٓ ١‬ن‪ ٍ٬‬جُطوىّ جُرٍ‪٣‬ى‪ ٟ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظحتق ك‪ ٠‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬حش جُٔكىوز ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٌُٖ ذحٍُؾ‪ٞ‬ع ئُ‪ ٠‬جٍُٔؾؼ‪٤‬حش ‪ٝ‬جُ٘حِ جُٔٓث‪ ٖ٤٤ُٞ‬ػ٘ي ‪ ٝ‬جُٔؼٍك‪ ٖ٤‬ذي أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ‪ٍٝ٤ٗ٣ ْٛ‬ج‬
‫‪092‬‬
 ‫جُ‪٤‬ي ‪٣ ٝ‬ىُ‪ٞ‬ى ً‪٤‬ق ضطوىّ ئُ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظحتق ‪ًًُ ٝ‬ي جُطحهْ جًُ‪ً ٟ‬حٕ ‪٣‬ؼَٔ ٓؼي ‪ٝ‬أ‪ٚ‬ىهحتي‬
‫أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ‪ classmen section‬جُ‪ ٠‬آنٍز ًَ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُ٘‪ٞ‬جق‪ ٌٖٔ٣ ٠‬إٔ ضٓأٍ ػ٘‪ٜ‬ح‪.‬‬

‫‪3- Checking advertisement each day and getting appointment‬‬

‫‪for interview.‬‬

‫ضحذغ ج‪٩‬ػ‪ٗ٬‬حش ك‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٛ‬كق ‪ٝ‬جُٔؿ‪٬‬ش ‪ ٝ‬ك‪ ٠‬جُط‪٤ِ٤‬لُ‪ ّٞ٣ ًَ ٕٞ٣‬ذ‪ ٕ٩ ٚٓٞ٤‬جًٍُٗس ٖٓ‬
‫جٌُٖٔٔ إٔ ضٍُ٘ ئػ‪ٍٓ ٕ٬‬ز أ‪ٍٓ ٝ‬ض‪ ٝ ٖ٤‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٫ ٠‬ط‪ٞ‬كٍ ُى‪٣‬ي جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬س ػٖ ض‪ٞ‬كٍ‬
‫ٖ‪ٞ‬جؿٍ ذًٍٗس ٓح ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٠‬ؿد إٔ ضطحذغ ج‪٩‬ػ‪ٗ٬‬حش أ‪ ٫ٝ‬ذأ‪ ٍٝ‬ك‪ ٠‬جُط‪٤ِ٤‬لُ‪ٝ ٕٞ٣‬ك‪٠‬‬
‫جٍُجو‪ ٝ ٞ٣‬ك‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٛ‬كق ‪ ٝ‬جُٔؿ‪٬‬ش جُٔطه‪ٛٛ‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُٔؼحٌ‪ ٜ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح‪.‬‬
‫‪This represents an opportunity for you. So try to not miss this‬‬
‫‪opportunity. And you should take your chance to make interview‬‬
‫‪so may be you will get this job.‬‬
‫‪ ٫‬ض‪٤ٟ‬غ جُلٍ‪ٚ‬س ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ضطحذغ ‪ ًٙٛ‬ج‪٩‬ػ‪ٗ٬‬حش ذٌَٗ ٌٓػق ‪٣ ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ضطأًى إٔ‬
‫‪ِ٠‬ري هى ‪ٝ َٚٝ‬أٗ‪ْٞ ْٜ‬ف ‪٣‬طِر‪ٞ‬ى ُِٔوحذِس ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬كٍ‪ٚ‬طي ُطك‪ َٛ‬ػِ‪٠‬‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس‪.‬‬

‫‪4- Send copies of your letters and C.V to the companies that‬‬
‫‪might have an opening.‬‬

‫أ‪ًٍٖ ٟ‬حش ؾى‪٣‬ىز ضلطف ضٌن‪ ٕٞ‬ذكحؾنس ئُن‪ ٠‬أػنىجو ذٗنٍ‪٣‬س ًر‪٤‬نٍز ‪ٓٝ‬ن‪ٞ‬ظل‪ً ٖ٤‬ػنٍ ‪ ٝ‬ذحُطنحُ‪٠‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضؼَٔ ٓح ‪ control scanning ٠ٔٓ٣‬ك‪ْٞ ٠‬م جُؼَٔ‪ٓ .‬ح ‪ ٠ٛ‬جًٍُٗحش جُؿى‪٣‬ىز‬
‫جُط‪ُُٗ ٠‬ص ك‪ ٠‬جُٓ‪ٞ‬م ‪ ٝ‬ذىأش ضؼَٔ‪ٛ ٝ .‬إ‪٫‬ء جُ٘نحِ ‪ٜٜٔ٣‬نْ إٔ ‪٣‬ك‪ٛ‬نِ‪ٞ‬ج ػِن‪ ٠‬أًرنٍ هنىٌ‬
‫ٓننٖ ج‪٧‬ػننىجو جُرٗننٍ‪٣‬س ‪٣ ٝ‬ننىٌذ‪ٓ ْٛٞ‬ننٖ أؾننَ إٔ ‪ٌٗٞ٣‬نن‪ٞ‬ج ‪ٛ‬ننْ جُر٘‪٤‬ننس ج‪ْ٧‬حْننس كنن‪ ٠‬ه‪٤‬ننحّ ‪ٛ‬ننً‪ٙ‬‬
‫جًٍُٗس كن‪ ٠‬جُٔٓنطورَ‪ٛ ٝ .‬نً‪ ٙ‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٠‬ضٔػنَ كٍ‪ٚ‬نس ذحُ٘ٓنرس ُني إٔ ضرنىأ ‪ ٝ‬ئيج هنىٌ ُني إٔ‬
‫ضرونن‪ ٠‬كنن‪ٛ ٠‬ننً‪ ٙ‬جُٗننًٍس كٓنن‪ٞ‬ف ‪٘٣‬ظننٍ ُنني ٗظننٍز نح‪ٚ‬ننس كنن‪ ٠‬جُٔٓننطورَ ‪ْ ٝ‬نن‪ٞ‬ف ضلنن‪ َٞ‬ذٔننح‬
‫‪ the advantage of face proverb ٠ٔٓ٣‬قٓ٘حش جُٓنرن‪ ٝ .‬ضٓنطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضٌن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬نٖ‬
‫جُٔإْٓنن‪ُ ٖ٤‬طِنني جُٗننًٍس ‪ٗ٣ ٝ‬ننحٌ ئُ‪٤‬نني ذحُر٘نحٕ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطننحُ‪ ٠‬ضك‪ٛ‬ننَ ػِنن‪ position ٠‬ؾ‪٤‬ننى ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ج‪٤ُٝ٧‬س كن‪ٛ ٠‬نًج جُٔ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ع ‪ٝ‬جٍُٔجًنُ جُٔٓنطورِ‪٤‬س ُني‪ .‬جيج ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ ضٍْنَ ػنىو ٓنٖ‬
‫جُ٘ٓم ٖٓ جٍُْحتَ ‪ C.V ٝ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬أًػٍ ٖٓ ًٍٖس ‪ ٝ‬ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح جًٍُٗحش جُط‪ ٠‬ضلطف قى‪٣‬ػح‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ ٝ‬ضٔػَ كٍ‪ٚ‬س ػظ‪ٔ٤‬س‪.‬‬

‫ٓح ‪ ٠ٛ‬أٗ‪ٞ‬جع ضوى‪ ْ٣‬جُطِرحش؟‬

‫?‪What is the kind of application‬‬
‫‪093‬‬
Kinds of applications are:

1- In reply to an advertisement.

‫ٕ ذحُؿٍجتنى‬٬‫) ُُٗنص ئػن‬.....ٍٙ‫ آنن‬٠‫ جُن‬-ٌٞٓ‫ جٌج‬-‫ٕ ًٍٖس ٓح (ْحذي‬٬‫ ئػ‬٠ُ‫ْطؿحذس ئ‬٩‫ذح‬
.ّ٬‫ػ‬٩‫ْحتَ ج‬ٝٝ
You should reply to an advertisement by sending the C.V and all
requirements to the particular.

2- Using an introduction.
.‫ى‬٤‫ ضؼٍف ٗلٓي ذٌَٗ ؾ‬ٝ ‫َّ ضٓطهىّ ٓوىٓس‬٫

3- Unsolicited.

IN REPLY TO AN ADVERTISEMENT:

‫٘نح‬ٛ ‫ أٗنص‬.ّ٬‫ِس ئػ‬٤ْٝ ٟ‫ أ‬٠‫ٕ ك‬٬‫ٌ ئػ‬ٝ‫ى‬ٚ ٠ِ‫ ذ٘حء ػ‬ٞٛ ًُٟ‫ٍ ج‬ٝ٧‫ع ج‬ُٞ٘‫طؼِن ذح‬٣ ‫ٔح‬٤‫ك‬
.ٕ٬‫ػ‬٩‫ ج‬٠ِ‫جٍُْحُس ذ٘حء ػ‬ٝ ‫ضرؼع جُطِد‬
It‟s written in response to an invitation, usually in the form of
advertisement.
ٌٕٞ‫ ػنحوز ٓنحض‬ٝ .ٕ٬‫ػ‬٩‫ٍ ج‬٬‫ص ُي ٖٓ ن‬ٜ‫ؾ‬ٝ ‫ز‬ٞ‫ جُىػ‬.‫ز‬ٞ‫ وػ‬٠ِ‫ح ٌْحُس ضٌطد ذ٘حء ػ‬ٜٗ‫ئ‬
.‫ٗحش‬٬‫ػ‬٩‫ٍ ج‬٬‫ز ٖٓ ن‬ٞ‫جُىػ‬
Usually in the form of advertisement, in the opening sentence of
your application letter you will refer to the advertisement for the
advantage to the applicant in writing a solicited letters of
application.
‫ ًًج‬٠‫ٕ جُٔإٌل ك‬٬‫ػ‬٩‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ‫س ٖٓ ٌْحُس جُطوىّ ُِطِد‬٤‫كططحق‬٩‫ جُؿِٔس ج‬٠‫ك‬
ٌَ‫نًج جُطِند ذٗن‬ٛ ٠‫نُجش ُطونىٓي ئُن‬٤ُٔٔ‫غ ج‬ٞٞ‫ ض‬ٝ ‫ ٓؿِس ًًج‬ٝ‫ىز أ‬٣ٍ‫ ؾ‬٠‫حوٌ ك‬ُٛ‫ًًج ج‬ٝ
‫كأٗنص‬good well and good image ‫طي‬٤‫ن‬ٛ‫نىز ضؼٌنّ ٖه‬٤‫نس ؾ‬٤‫ػ‬ٞٗ ‫ يجش‬٠‫ًطنحذ‬
ٕٞ‫ٌن‬٣ ‫ يُني‬٠‫ ٌذٔح ئيج ٗؿكص ك‬ٝ ‫ ػٖ ٗلٓي‬ٝ ‫ٍ ػ٘ي‬ٝ٧‫ٗطرحع ج‬٩‫ ج‬٠‫٘ح إٔ ضؼط‬ٛ ٍٝ‫ضكح‬
ْ‫نَ ٌُنٖ ُن‬ٛ‫ ً٘نص ٓإ‬ٞ‫ ُن‬٠‫ف قطن‬٤‫نك‬ٚ ٌّ‫جُؼ‬ٝ ‫س‬ٍٚ‫ جُل‬ًُٜٙ ‫ ًٓري‬ٝ ‫ُي‬ٞٛ‫ًج ْرد ق‬ٛ
.‫لس‬٤‫ظ‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ًٙٛ ٠ِ‫َ ػ‬ٛ‫غ إٔ ضك‬٤‫ضٓطط‬
Create a good first image so maybe you new that
Proximity and maybe lose that job.
094
‫‪1- He could assess his qualification in light of the employer‟s‬‬
‫‪requirements.‬‬
‫أٗص ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضهٖٔ ‪ ٝ‬ضوىٌ ٓح ‪ٓ ٠ٛ‬إ‪٬ٛ‬ضي ‪ٓ ٝ‬نى‪٘ٓ ٟ‬حْنرطي ُ‪ٜ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لنس جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذنس‬
‫ٖٓ هرَ جُ ٔٓطهىّ ‪٣‬ؼ٘‪ ًَ ٠‬ئٗٓحٕ ‪ٓ٣‬طط‪٤‬غ إٔ ‪ًٌ٣‬خ ػِ‪ ٠‬جُ٘حِ ؾٔ‪٤‬ؼح ‪ٌُ٘ٝ‬ن‪ٓ٣ ٫ ٚ‬نطط‪٤‬غ‬
‫إٔ ‪ًٌ٣‬خ ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬لٓن‪ ٚ‬كأٗنص ضؼنٍف ٗلٓني ‪ ٝ‬ضؼنٍف ٓإ‪٬ٛ‬ضني‪ٛ .‬نَ هنحوٌ ػِن‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٛ‬نٔ‪ٞ‬و ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُو‪٤‬نحّ ذ‪ٜ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظنحتق؟ ‪ٛ‬نَ ػ٘نىى ٓنٖ جُٔ‪ٜ‬نحٌجش ‪ ٝ skills‬جُهرنٍجش ‪ٝ experiences‬‬
‫جُٔإ‪٬ٛ‬ش ‪ ٝ qualifications‬جُٔ‪ٜ‬حٌجش جُٔط٘‪ٞ‬ػس ْ‪ٞ‬جء جُطؼِ‪٤ٔ٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُؼِٔ‪٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُؼِٔ‪٤‬س؟‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ َٛ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ٓ٘حْرس ُي؟ ‪ ًٙٛ َٛ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ض٘حْد ‪٠‬ر‪٤‬ؼطني ‪٣ٍ٠ ٝ your nature‬ونس‬
‫ضلٌ‪٤‬نٍى‪ً ٝ way of thinking‬نًُي ‪ً . your life style‬نَ ‪ٛ‬ننً‪ ٙ‬ج‪ٓ٧‬ن‪٣ ٌٞ‬ؿنند إٔ‬
‫ضٓأُ‪ٜ‬ح ُ٘لٓي هرَ إٔ ضوٌٍ إٔ ضطونىّ ئُن‪ٛ ٠‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لنس أ‪ ٝ .٫ ٝ‬أٗنص ضٗنؼٍ أٗني ْنططٍى‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لننس ‪ ٝ‬ض٘طوننَ ئُنن‪ٝ ٠‬ظ‪٤‬لننس أنننٍ‪ْ ٟ‬نن‪ٞ‬جء ج‪ ٕ٥‬أ‪ ٝ‬ذؼننى يُنني ئيج أٗننص ض‪ٟ‬نن‪٤‬غ جُٓنن٘‪ٞ‬جش ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُؿ‪ٜ‬ى ذى‪ ٕٝ‬ؾى‪ ٟٝ‬كحُ٘ط‪٤‬ؿس ضوٍ‪٣‬رح ضٌ‪ٚ ٕٞ‬لٍ‪.‬‬
‫‪You don‟t feel that it‟s a good job and you try to leave to another‬‬
‫‪one. At this point you waste time many years and effort and‬‬
‫‪finally you get nothing.‬‬

‫‪2- The certainty that the opening exists.‬‬

‫ذؼى إٔ ضأًى ػِ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬ج‪٫‬كططحق‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬جُرىج‪٣‬س جُٔٗؿؼس ئٕ ٖحء هللا ضٌ‪ٞٓ ٕٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز‪.‬‬

‫‪Announcement wanted‬‬ ‫اإلعالّبد‬

‫‪A leading company in Amman requires executive secretary to run‬‬

‫‪a well organized office.‬‬
‫ًٍٖس ٌجتىز ك‪ ٠‬ػٔحٕ ضطِد ٌٍْض‪ ٍ٤‬أ‪ٌٍْ ٝ‬ض‪ٍ٤‬ز ض٘ل‪٣ً٤‬س ‪٩‬وجٌز جٌُٔطد ذطٍ‪٣‬ونس ٗحؾكنس‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ض٘ظ‪ٔ٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪Applicants should have a good command of English language and‬‬
‫‪typing speed not less that 30w.p.m short-hand would be‬‬
‫‪preferable.‬‬
‫جُطِنند ‪ ٫‬ذننى إٔ ‪٣‬ط‪ٟ‬ننٖٔ ضؼِ‪ٔ٤‬ننحش ؾ‪٤‬ننىز ‪ٝٝ‬ج‪ٞ‬ننكس ‪ ٝ‬ذحُِـننس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬ننس‪ٗ٩ .‬نني ضٍ‪٣‬ننى إٔ‬
‫ضؼٌّ ٓٓط‪ٞ‬جى جُكو‪٤‬و‪ ٠‬ك‪ ٠‬جُِـس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ٝ .‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ئيج ٖؼٍ‪ٝ‬ج ذ‪ٟ‬ؼق جُِـس ػ٘نىى ُنٖ‬
‫‪ٓ٣‬طل‪٤‬ى‪ٝ‬ج ٓ٘ي ‪ٞ٣ ُٖ ٝ‬ظل‪ٞ‬ى‪٣ ٝ .‬ؿد إٔ ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ُ ٕٞ‬نى‪٣‬ي جُونىٌز ػِن‪٠ ٠‬رحػنس ٓنح ‪٣ ٫‬ونَ ػنٖ‬
‫غ‪٬‬غ‪ًِٔ ٖ٤‬س ك‪ ٠‬جُىه‪٤‬ونس‪ُ .‬نًُي ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ ضؼٔنَ ػِن‪ ٠‬جُطنىٌ‪٣‬د ػِن‪ ٠‬ضِني جُٔ‪ٜ‬نحٌجش‪ٜٗ٧ .‬نْ‬
‫‪٣‬طِر‪ٛٞ‬ح– قط‪ ٠‬ك‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظحتق جُؼِ‪٤‬ح أق‪٤‬حٗح ٓ‪ٜ‬حٌش ٓطؼىوز ككط‪ ٠‬جُٔنى‪ ٍ٣‬هنى ‪ٟ٣‬نطٍ أق‪٤‬حٗنح‬
‫‪095‬‬
‫جُنن‪ ٠‬جُطرحػننس ذ٘لٓنن‪ ٝ ٚ‬ذحُطننحُ‪٣ ٠‬ؿنند إٔ ‪ٔ٣‬طِنني ضِنني جُوننىٌز‪ ٝ .‬ج‪ْ٧‬ننٍع كنن‪ ٠‬جٌُطحذننس أً‪٤‬ننى‬
‫ْطٌ‪ ُٚ ٕٞ‬ج‪٣ُٞٝ٧‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪If interested, please write to P.O. BOX. Amman enclosing copies‬‬
‫‪of you certificates.‬‬
‫جيج ً٘ص ٓ‪ٜ‬طْ أٌَْ ُ٘ح ٗٓم ٖٓ ٖ‪ٜ‬حوجضي‪.‬‬
‫‪Good salary and convenient working conditions are offered. (The‬‬
‫‪atmosphere of job).‬‬
‫ًِ٘ح ٗؼٍف جًٍُٗحش ‪ٞٝٝ‬ؼ‪ٜ‬ح ٓنٖ نن‪ image ٍ٬‬كٔنػ‪ ٬‬ػ٘نىٓح ٗطنًًٍ جٌجٌٓن‪ ٞ‬ؿحُرنح ٓنح‬
‫ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬جُ٘ظٍز ئ‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬س‪ .‬قط‪ ٠‬جُؼحِٓ‪ ٖ٤‬ك‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ٜٗ٧‬ح ض‪ٜ‬طْ ذحُؼحِٓ‪ ٝ ٖ٤‬ضؼط‪ٌٝ ْٜ٤‬جضد ٓؿُ‪٣‬نس ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٗظحّ جُطؼحَٓ ٓؼ‪ٜ‬ح ٗظحّ ؾ‪٤‬ى‪ .‬ذؼٌّ جًٍُٗحش ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ُ٤ٓ ًٙٛٝ ٟ‬ز‪ .‬كٔؼظْ جُ٘حِ ‪٣‬ل‪ِٟٞ‬‬
‫ذننىٍ إٔ ‪٣‬أنننً ٌجضنند أػِنن‪ ٠‬كنن‪ٖ ٠‬ننًٍحش‬ ‫جُؼٔننَ ك‪ٜ٤‬ننح ‪ ٝ‬أنننً ٌجضنند ‪ 38‬أ‪95 ٝ‬أُننق‬
‫أنٍ‪ .ٟ‬كٖٔ جٌُٖٔٔ إٔ ‪ٟ٣‬ك‪ ٠‬ج‪ٓٗ٩‬حٕ ٖٓ أؾنَ جُؼٔنَ كن‪ ٠‬جُٔإْٓنس جٌُر‪٤‬نٍز‪ٗ ٝ .‬ؼنٍف‬
‫جُٔػَ جُٗؼر‪ ٠‬جًُ‪٣ ٟ‬و‪ٌ" ٍٞ‬جكنن جُٓنرغ ‪٤ٛ ٫ ٝ‬أًِني" قطن‪ ٠‬جُرنغ ‪ُ ٝ‬ن‪ٌٔٓ ٞ‬نٖ ‪٣‬أًِني ٌُنٖ‬
‫ٌجكن جُٓرغ ‪ٗ٧‬ي ٌٖٓٔ ض‪ْ ٍ٤ٛ‬رغ ٓػِ‪ ٝ .ٚ‬ذحُطحُ‪ًٛ ٠‬ج ٓ‪ٜ‬نْ ؾنىج ‪ٜٗ٧‬نح ضٓنطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضن‪ٞ‬كٍ‬
‫ظٍ‪ٝ‬ف ػَٔ ؾ‪٤‬ىز ‪ ٌٝ ٝ‬جضد ؾ‪٤‬ىز ‪ٗ ٝ‬ظحّ جُطؼ‪ ٝ٣ٞ‬ك‪ٜ٤‬ح ؾ‪٤‬ى أ‪ٟ٣‬ح‪.‬‬

‫‪Example:‬‬
‫‪Reference is made to your advertisement NO……. in Al-Rai the‬‬
‫‪post of the excusive secretary.‬‬
‫ذح‪ٖ٩‬حٌز ئُ‪ ٠‬ئػ‪ٌ ٌْٗ٬‬هْ‪ .....‬ك‪ ٠‬ؾٍ‪٣‬ىز جٍُأ‪ ٟ‬جُؼىو‪ .......‬جًُ‪ ٟ‬ضطِر‪ ٕٞ‬ك‪ْ ٚ٤‬نٌٍض‪(ٍ٤‬ز)‬
‫ض٘ل‪٣(ً٤‬س)‪٣ .‬ؿد إٔ ضؼَٔ ػِ‪ ٠‬ضوى‪ٓ ْ٣‬وىٓس ػٖ ٗلٓي ك‪ ٠‬جُؼَٔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Using an introduction:‬‬

‫‪If you have been informed or recommend for the job by a person‬‬
‫‪who is well knowledge or one of the company's members, you‬‬
‫‪should mention the name of the adviser and his position at the‬‬
‫‪beginning of your letter.‬‬
‫جيج ً٘ص ضؼٔنَ كن‪٘ٓ ٠‬طونس ٓنح ‪ٝ‬أٗنحِ أ‪ٚٝ‬ن‪ٞ‬ج ُني ذحُؼٔنَ ‪ٝ‬أٗنص ٓنٖ نن‪ِ٤َٓ ٍ٬‬ني أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٟ‬‬
‫ػ‪ ٟٞ‬ك‪ ٢‬جًٍُٗس أذِـي ػٖ ض‪ٞ‬كٍ كٍ‪ٚ‬س ػٔنَ كن‪ ٢‬جُٗنًٍس ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ ضنًًٍ يُني ج‪ْ٧‬نْ(‬
‫جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جًُ‪ٛٗ ٟ‬كي ذحُطوى‪ُِ ْ٣‬ؼَٔ)‪ٓٝ‬ح ‪ٞٓ ٞٛ‬هل‪ٝ ٚ‬أ‪٣ ٖ٣‬ؼَٔ ‪ ًَ,‬يُني ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ ‪٣‬نًًٍ‬
‫ك‪ ٢‬ذىج‪٣‬س ٌْحُطي‪.‬‬
‫‪You should make sure that you are honest, polite and go to point‬‬
‫‪straight.‬‬
‫‪096‬‬
‫أٗص ذٔؿٍو ٓح ضًًٍ آُ‪٤‬س هى‪ٓٝ‬ي ئُ‪ ٢‬جًٍُٗس ُى‪ ٟ‬ضوىٓ‪٤‬ي ُِطِد كأٗص أ‪ ٫ٝ‬ضرؼنى جُٗنٌ‪ٞ‬ى‬
‫ػٖ ٗلٓي ‪,‬غحٗ‪٤‬ح أٗص ‪٘ٛ‬ح ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضؼٌّ ٖة ئ‪٣‬ؿحذ‪ ٠‬ػٖ ٖه‪٤ٛ‬طي ‪ٝ‬ػٖ ٗلٓي ‪ٝ‬ػنٖ‬
‫ٓٓطورِي‪.‬‬
‫‪The primary advantage to be obtained that the person who gave‬‬
‫‪you the introduction will generally be able to give you some hints‬‬
‫‪as to the main points that you should emphasize in your‬‬
‫‪application so making your task considerably easier, and the‬‬
‫‪employer will already be acquainted with your qualification.‬‬
‫جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جًُ‪ ١‬أنرٍى ػٖ كٍ‪ٚ‬س جُؼَٔ ‪ٖٝ‬ؿؼي ػِ‪ ٠‬جُطوى‪ ْ٣‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جًٍُٗس ‪٣ ٞٛٝ‬ؼَٔ ذ‪ٜ‬نح‬
‫أ‪ ٝ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٧‬هَ ػ٘ى‪ٓ ٙ‬ؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ػٖ ‪ٛ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُٗنًٍس ‪ٝ‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٢‬أٗنص ٓنٖ نن‪ ٍ٬‬جُطؼحٓنَ ٓؼنح‪ ٙ‬أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٖٓ ن‪ ٍ٬‬ج‪ٖ٩‬حٌز ئُ‪ْٞ ٚ٤‬ف ضٓطل‪٤‬ى ػِ‪ ٠‬ج‪٣‬س قحٍ ‪ ُٖٝ‬ضهٓنٍ ٖنة ‪ٝ‬ن‪ٚٞٛ‬نح أٗني أٗنص‬
‫ٍٖٓك‪ًٛٝ ٚ‬ج ٖة ؾ‪٤‬ى ‪ْ ٞٛٝ‬رد ك‪ ٢‬أٗي ضطوىّ ُ‪ ًٜٙ‬جًٍُٗس ذٗنٌَ ػنحّ‪ٝ .‬ذحُطنحُ‪ْ ٠‬ن‪ٞ‬ف‬
‫‪٣‬هرٍى ػٖ ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُ٘وح‪ ٠‬جُط‪٫ ٠‬ذنى إٔ ضٌطر‪ٜ‬نح كن‪ ٠‬جُطِند ‪٤ًٝ‬ل‪٤‬نس جُٔوحذِنس ‪ًٝ‬نَ ٓنح ‪٣‬ؼٍكن‪ٚ‬‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬هرٍى ػ٘‪.ٚ‬‬
‫ئؾؼَ ٓ‪ٜ‬حٓي وجتٔح أْ‪ٝ َٜ‬أٍْع ‪ٝ‬جُٔٓطهىّ ْ‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣ٍ٠ ٖٓ ٍٓ٣‬وس ًطحذطني ‪ٓٝ‬نٖ ‪٣ٍ٠‬ونس‬
‫ضوى‪ٗ ْ٣‬لٓي ‪ ٖٓٝ‬جُٔإ‪٬ٛ‬ش جُط‪ ٠‬ضكِٔ‪ٜ‬ح ‪ٝ‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬ط‪ٜ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ضٓطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضٌ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬و٘غ أًػٍ ‪ًٛٝ‬ج ‪٣ُ٣‬ى ٖٓ كٍ٘ ق‪ُٞٛ‬ي ػِ‪ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ذؼٌنّ‬
‫ٓح ‪٘ٛ ٌٕٞ٣‬حى أ‪ ١‬نَِ‪ ٕ٧,‬أ‪ ١‬نَِ ْ‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬إغٍ ػِ‪ ٢‬جُ٘ط‪٤‬ؿس ‪ْٞٝ‬ف ‪٣‬إغٍ ػِ‪ ٠‬ئًطٓحذي‬
‫ُ‪ ًٜٙ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس أ‪ٝ‬جُلٍ‪ٚ‬س‪.‬‬
‫وجتٔح ٗهرنٍ أػُجت٘نح جُطن‪٬‬خ أٌٗنْ نن‪ ٍ٬‬أٌذنغ ْن٘‪ٞ‬جش ػِٔ‪٤‬نح ضطؼِٔن‪ ٕٞ‬ن‪ُٜ٬‬نح ج‪٩‬وجٌز أ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جُطٓ‪٣ٞ‬ن أ‪ ٝ‬أ‪ٓ ٟ‬ؿحٍ آنٍ ‪.‬‬
‫ٗؼِٔي ً‪٤‬ق ضٌطٓد كٍ‪ٚ‬س ‪٤ًٝ‬ق ضٌطٗق كٍ‪ٚ‬س ‪٤ًٝ‬ق ض‪ َٛ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬كٍ‪ٚ‬س ٓ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز كؼن‪٬‬‬
‫‪٤ًٝ‬ق ضٓرن ج‪٥‬نٍ‪ ٖ٣‬ك‪ ٢‬جُ‪ ٍٞٚٞ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬كٍ‪ٚ‬س ٓؼٍ‪ٝ‬كس ‪٤ًٝ‬ق ضهطٍع ‪ٝ‬ض‪ٞ‬ؾى كٍ‪ٚ‬س ٓنٖ‬
‫جُؼىّ ٖٓ ‪ٖ ٫‬ة ‪٤ًٝ‬نق ض‪ٞ‬جؾن‪ ٚ‬جُط‪ٜ‬ى‪٣‬نى ‪٤ًٝ‬نق ضطٌ‪٤‬نق ٓنغ ‪ٛ‬نًج جُط‪ٜ‬ى‪٣‬نى ‪ٓٝ‬إغٍجضن‪ ٚ‬جُٓنِر‪٤‬س‬
‫‪٧‬هنَ ‪ٞ‬ننٌٍ ٌٓٔننٖ غننْ ذؼننى يُنني ً‪٤‬ننق ضطٌ‪٤‬ننق ٓننغ ‪ٛ‬ننًج جُط‪ٜ‬ى‪٣‬ننى ‪ٝ‬ضٓننطط‪٤‬غ إٔ ضطـِنند ػِ‪٤‬نن‪ٚ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ضك‪ًٛ ٍٞ‬ج جُط‪ٜ‬ى‪٣‬ى ئُ‪ ٠‬كٍ‪ٚ‬س ؾ‪٤‬ىز‪.‬‬
‫?‪How can you turn on the threat to good opportunity‬‬
‫‪According to system the purpose of your study is to discover‬‬
‫‪opportunity, reach opportunity and avoid threat and how to make‬‬
‫‪the negative effect of the threat is very well, the how will you‬‬
‫‪overcome the threat? And remove that threat and convert it to a‬‬
‫‪good opportunity.‬‬

‫‪097‬‬
‫‪Example 1:‬‬
‫‪Miss Saadet Hameed. The Dean of princess sarvat community‬‬
‫‪college, has information me that you have enquired whether she‬‬
‫‪could recommend one of her student whether she could‬‬
‫‪recommend one of her student for the past of secretary in your‬‬
‫‪film.‬‬
‫‪ٛ‬ننن‪ ٞ‬ػٔ‪٤‬نننى ًِ‪٤‬نننس ج‪٤ٓ٧‬نننٍ ُِهنننىٓحش ج‪٩‬ؾطٔحػ‪٤‬نننس ‪ٛٝ‬ننن‪ ٠‬أذِـط٘نننح أٗ‪ٜ‬نننح ذكحؾنننس ئُننن‪ٖ ٠‬نننه‪ٙ‬‬
‫ذٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬لحش ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ْ‪ٞ‬جء يًٍ أ‪ ٝ‬أٗػ‪ٓ٣ ٝ ٠‬طط‪٤‬غ إٔ ‪٣‬هىٌْٓ ًٌٍٓض‪ ٍ٤‬ؾ‪٤‬ى‪.‬‬
‫‪Example 2:‬‬
‫‪MR. Naseem Imran, who has represented your firm in Lebanon‬‬
‫‪for many years, very kindly gave me your address before left‬‬
‫‪Beirut and allowed me to refer to him.‬‬
‫ٗٓنن‪ ْ٤‬ػٔننٍجٕ ‪ٔ٣‬ػننَ ٖننًٍطٌْ كنن‪ُ ٠‬ر٘ننحٕ ضطنن‪ٞ‬ع ٓٗننٌ‪ٝ ٌٞ‬أػطننحٗ‪ ٠‬جُؼ٘نن‪ٞ‬جٕ هرننَ إٔ ‪٣‬ـننحوٌ‬
‫ذ‪ٍٝ٤‬ش هرَ جُؼ‪ٞ‬وز ئُ‪ ٠‬ػِٔ‪ ٚ‬ج‪.٠ِٚ٧‬‬

‫أٗنص ض‪ٞٞ‬ننف ‪٘ٛ‬نح ‪ٛ‬ننً‪ ٙ‬ج‪ٓ٧‬ن‪ٓ ٌٞ‬ؿطٔؼننس‪ .‬ػُ‪٣‬ننُ‪ ٟ‬جُطحُند ‪ٛ‬ننًج ٓ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ع جُطِنند ‪٤ً ٝ‬ل‪٤‬ننس‬
‫ًطحذننس جُٓنن‪ٍ٤‬ز جًُجض‪٤‬ننس ‪ ٝ‬أٗ‪ٞ‬جػ‪ٜ‬ننح‪ .‬ئٕ ٖننحء هللا ْنن‪ٞ‬ف ٗططننٍم ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ننح كنن‪ ٠‬جُكِوننحش جُوحوٓننس ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪ ٌٖٔ٣‬إٔ ٗططٍم ئُ‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪٤ٞ‬غ ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ٓ ٝ ٟ‬ح ضرو‪ ٠‬ػ٘ىٗح ‪ ٞٛ‬غن‪٬‬ظ قِونحش كون‪ٝ ١‬‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف ٗكح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ٗؿَٔ ٓح ض‪ِ٘ٚٞ‬ح ئُ‪ٝ ٚ٤‬أ‪ٝ‬و إٔ أيًٍى ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد أٗ٘‪ْٞ ٠‬ف أضٍى‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ‬جُكِوحش ك‪ ٠‬جٌُٔطرحُص جُؼحٓس ‪ ٝ‬قح‪ ٍٝ‬ك‪ ٠‬جُر‪٤‬ص إٔ ضىٌخ ٗلٓي ػِ‪ً ٠‬طحذس جٍُْحتَ‪,‬‬
‫‪ٌ ٝ‬ذٔح ‪٣‬أض‪ْ ٠‬إجٍ ك‪ ٠‬ج‪ٓ٩‬طكحٕ ٖٓ أ‪ٚ ٟ‬لكس ك‪ ٠‬جُٔ٘‪ٜ‬ؽ‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪.ٚ‬‬

‫‪098‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخبٍْخ واىعشروُ‬

‫ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‪ْ٤‬‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٢‬جُطِرس أ‪ ٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِوس جُػحٓ٘س ‪ٝ‬جُؼٗنٍ‪ٓ ٖ٣‬نٖ ٓنحوز ٍٓجْن‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬نس‬
‫ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ .‬ضٌِٔ٘ح ك‪ ٢‬جُكِوس جُٓحذوس ػٖ ً‪٤‬ل‪٤‬س ضوى‪ ْ٣‬جُطِد ‪ٓٝ‬ح ‪ ٠ٛ‬جُ٘ونح‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٜٔ‬نس‬
‫جُطنن‪٣ ٠‬ؿنند إٔ ضٍجػ‪ٜ٤‬ننح ػُ‪٣‬ننُ‪ ٟ‬جُطحُنند ػ٘ننى ًطحذطنني ُِطِنند أ‪ٝ‬ػ٘ننى ضوننى‪ ْ٣‬جُطِنند ْنن‪ٞ‬جء‬
‫ض‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬ق أ‪ٝ‬ػَٔ ك‪ ٢‬ئقى‪ ٟ‬جُٔإْٓحش جُهح‪ٚ‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُؼحٓس‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ضطٍه٘ح ئُ‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬ضِي ج‪ٓ٧‬ػِس ‪ٝ‬أٍٖٗح ئُن‪ ٠‬أٗن‪ٌ ٚ‬ذٔنح ‪ٛ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جٍُْنحُس جُطن‪ ٠‬ضٌطر‪ٜ‬نح ‪ٌٔ٣‬نٖ إٔ‬
‫ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬أ‪ٌْ ْٛ‬حُس ضٌطر‪ٜ‬ح ك‪ ٠‬ق‪٤‬حضي ‪ٝ‬جُط‪ٌ ٠‬ذٔح ضكىو ٓ‪ٍ٤ٛ‬ى جُٔ‪ٞٗٝ ٠ٜ٘‬ع جُٔ‪ٜ٘‬س ‪ٌٝ‬ذٔنح‬
‫ض‪ٛ‬رف ٓكطٍف‪.‬‬
‫‪ٗٝ‬ؿحقي ك‪ ٢‬ق‪٤‬حضي ‪٣‬ط‪ٞ‬هق ػِ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جٍُْحُس أ‪ ٝ‬جُطِد جًُ‪ ٟ‬ضوىٓ‪ُِ ٚ‬ؼَٔ ن‪ٚٞٛ‬ح ‪ٍٝ٧‬‬
‫ٍٓز ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٫ ٢‬ذى إٔ ٗٓطـَ ضِي جُلٍ‪ٚ‬س‪.‬‬
‫كٌ‪٤‬ق ئيٕ ضٌطد جُطِد ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ؾ‪٤‬ىز ‪ٝ‬ض‪ ٖٟٔ‬أ‪ٓ٣ ٫‬طرؼى ‪ِ٠‬ري ٓنٖ جُِؿ٘نس جُٔرىت‪٤‬نس جُطن‪٠‬‬
‫ضلٍَ جُطِرحش ‪ٝ‬ضكح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضهطحٌ ج‪ِٚ٧‬ف ‪ٝ‬ضـلَ ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُطِرحش‪.‬‬
‫جُ‪ٜ‬ننىف ػُ‪٣‬ننُ‪ ٟ‬جُطحُنند ٓننٖ وٌجْننس ‪ٛ‬ننً‪ ٙ‬جُٔننحوز ‪ٛ‬نن‪ ٞ‬ػ٘ننىٓح ضطوننىّ ذطِنند ًطحذننس ذحُِـننس‬
‫ج‪ٗ٫‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س إٔ ضٌطٓد ٓ‪ٜ‬حٌجش ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬أ‪ ٫‬ض‪٤ٟ‬غ جُلٍ‪ٚ‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪Its opportunity tries to use it.‬‬

‫‪The kind of applications‬‬

‫جُ‪٤‬نن‪ٗ ّٞ‬أنننً أٗنن‪ٞ‬جع جُطِرننحش جُطنن‪ٌٔ٣ ٠‬ننٖ ضؼرثط‪ٜ‬ننح ‪ٌٝ‬ذٔننح ‪ٌ٣‬نن‪ ٕٞ‬جُطِنند ‪٠‬نن‪ٞ‬ػ‪ ٠‬ق‪٤‬ننع ضننأض‪٠‬‬
‫جُٔرحوٌز ٖٓ ؾحٗري‪.‬‬
‫أٗص ًطحُد ضطوىّ ذطِرحش ئُ‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔإْٓحش أ‪ ٝ‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُى‪ٝ‬جتٍ ذى‪ ٕٝ‬إٔ ضطِد ‪ٌٝ‬ذٔنح‬
‫أٗص ضطوىّ ذ٘حء ػِ‪ِ٠ ٠‬د ئػ‪ ٕ٬‬أ‪ ٝ‬أٖ‪٤‬حء أنٍ‪ ٟ‬ػِن‪ْ ٠‬نر‪ َ٤‬جُٔػنحٍ ‪ٍٖ٣‬نكي َٓ‪ِ٤‬ني كن‪٠‬‬
‫جُؼَٔ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٠‬طِد ٓ٘ي جُطوىّ ذطِد أ‪ ٝ‬أ‪٣ٍ٠ ٟ‬وس ٖٓ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُطٍم‪.‬‬
‫‪The kind of applications‬‬

‫‪1- In reply to an advertisement.‬‬

‫ج‪ْ٩‬طؿحذس ئُ‪ ٠‬أقى أٗ‪ٞ‬جع ج‪٩‬ػ‪ٗ٬‬حش‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ج‪٩‬ػ‪ ٌٖٔ٣ ٕ٬‬إٔ ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬ك‪ ٠‬جُؿٍجتى جُؼحو‪٣‬نس جُطن‪ ٠‬ض‪ٛ‬نىٌ ‪٤ٓٞ٣‬نح أ‪ ٝ‬كن‪ ٢‬جُٔؿن‪٬‬ش‬
‫ْننن‪ٞ‬جء ج‪ْ٫‬نننر‪ٞ‬ػ‪٤‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُٗننن‪٣ٍٜ‬س أ‪ ٝ‬كننن‪ ٠‬جُٔؿننن‪٬‬ش جُٔطه‪ٛٛ‬نننس أ‪ ٝ‬كننن‪ْٝ ٢‬نننحتَ ج‪٩‬ػننن‪ّ٬‬‬
‫جُٔهطِلس جٍُجو‪ٝ ٞ٣‬جُطِ‪٤‬لُ‪ٝ ٕٞ٣‬أق‪٤‬حٗح أنٍ‪ ٟ‬ػٖ ‪٣ٍ٠‬ن ج‪ٗ٩‬طٍٗص أ‪ ٝ‬جُرٍ‪٣‬ى ج‪ٌ٤ُ٩‬طٍ‪.٠ٗٝ‬‬
‫ًَ ‪ ًٙٛ‬ج‪ ٌٞٓ٧‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ئػن‪ٓ ٕ٬‬نىك‪ٞ‬ع ج‪٧‬ؾنٍ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٠‬أٗنص ضكنح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضٓنطؿ‪٤‬د ُ‪ٜ‬نًج‬
‫ج‪٩‬ػ‪.ٕ٬‬‬
‫‪099‬‬
May be finding good matching between you and your
Qualification, skills, and your experience.

2- Using an introduction.

3- Unsolicited.
.ٍٟ‫حء أن‬٤ٖ‫ أ‬ٝ‫ػحش أ‬ٞ٘ٓ ‫ع جُػحُع‬ُٞ٘‫ج‬ٝ , ٌ‫ٕ أٗص جُٔرحو‬ٌٞ‫ ض‬٠ٗ‫ع جُػح‬ُٞ٘‫ج‬

In reply to an advertisement

* It's written in response to an invitation, usually in the form of

your application letter. You will refer to the advertisement for the
advantages to the applicant in writing a solicited letters of
application.
1- He could assess his qualifications in light of the
Employer's requirements.
2- The certainly that the opening exists.
‫ض٘طرننن‬ٝ ‫ش‬٬ٛ‫ٕ ٓننإ‬ٞ‫كِٔنن‬٣ ٖ٣ً‫ٖننهح٘ جُنن‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫ز ئُنن‬ٞ‫ٕ ذٔػحذننس وػنن‬٬‫ػنن‬٩‫ ج‬: ‫اىْررىع االوه‬
.‫٘س‬٤‫س ٓؼ‬ٜ‫ ؾ‬٠ُ‫ ئ‬ٝ‫َجٌز أ‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ٝ‫ جًٍُٗس أ‬٠ُ‫ج ذطِد ئ‬ٞٓ‫طوى‬٣ ٠ٍُٝٗ‫ْ ج‬ٜ٤ِ‫ػ‬
ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ٕٞ‫ػحوز ٓح ضٌن‬ٝ ,‫ز‬ٞ‫ جُىػ‬ًُٜٙ ‫ذس‬ٞ‫ػرحٌز ػٖ ئْطؿحذس ٌٓط‬ٞٛ ‫حٓي ذطؼرأز جُطِد‬٤‫جيٕ ه‬
ٕ٬‫ ٌَٖ ئػ‬٠ِ‫ز ػ‬ٞ‫جُىػ‬
‫تْ ٓنغ‬٬‫ ذٔوىٓنس ضنط‬ٝ‫ْطؿحذس أ‬٩‫ؿد إٔ ضرىأ ذٍْحُس ج‬٣ ‫ ٌْحُطي‬٢‫س ك‬٤‫كططحق‬٫‫ جُؿِٔس ج‬٢‫* ك‬
.ٕ٬‫ػ‬٩‫ًج ج‬ٛ
‫ٍٓٗح‬٣ .........ّٞ٣........ ‫لس‬٤‫ك‬ٚ ٢‫ٌ ك‬ُٞٗ٘ٔ‫ٕ ج‬٬‫ػ‬٩‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ٖ ذ٘حء ػ‬٤ٍٓ‫ جُٓحوز جُٔكط‬:‫ٍخبه‬
.ٌْ٤ُ‫ٔحّ ئ‬ٟٗ٩‫س ج‬ٍٚ‫ٖ إٔ ضطحـ ُ٘ح ك‬٤ِٓ‫ق آ‬٤‫ظ‬ٞ‫إٔ ٗطوىّ ذطِد ض‬
‫٘حى‬ٛٝ.‫ح جٍُْحُس‬ٜ٤‫ ًطرص ك‬٠‫ز جُط‬ٞ‫ىٌ جُىػ‬ٛٓ ٝ‫ٕ أ‬٬‫ػ‬٩‫ج‬ٝ‫ِس أ‬٤ُْٞ‫ ج‬٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣*
.ٌ‫ػطرح‬٫‫ٖ ج‬٤‫ح ذؼ‬ًٛ‫ؿد إٔ ٗأن‬٣ ٠‫ٗوح‬
Some points we should take in our account while we writing the
written response to advertisement.
, ‫ذننس‬ِٞ‫ش جُٔط‬٬ٛ‫ جُٔنإ‬٠‫ن‬ٛ ‫ضهٔننٖ ٓنح‬ٝ ٌ‫ؿند إٔ ضونى‬٣ ٕ٬‫نس ػ٘نىٓح ضٌطنند ئػن‬٣‫ جُرىج‬٢‫* كن‬
‫ٕ أٗص ضٓأٍ ٗلٓي‬٬‫ػ‬٩‫ ج‬٢‫ذس ك‬ِٞ‫حء جُٔط‬٤ٖ٧‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ذ٘حء ػ‬ٝ
٫ ‫ أٗني‬ٍٜ‫لطن‬٣ٝ ‫لنس ؟‬٤‫ظ‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ًٙ‫ن‬ُٜ ‫نَ أٗنح ٓ٘حْند‬ٛ ‫ٕ ؟‬٬‫ػن‬٩‫نًج ج‬ُٜ ّ‫ٕ أضونى‬٧ َ‫ن‬ٛ‫َ أٗنح أ‬ٛ
‫لنس‬٤‫ظ‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ‫نحوز‬٤‫ِني ُو‬ٛ‫ ضإ‬٠‫ش جُطن‬٬ٛ‫ ئيج ً٘ص ضؼطوى أٗي ضِٔي جُٔإ‬٫‫لس ئ‬٤‫ظ‬ٝ ٟ٧ ّ‫ضطوى‬

211
‫ننًج‬ٛ, ‫ني‬٤ِ‫ ض٘طرنن ػ‬٠ٍٝ‫نغ جُٗن‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬ٝ‫ش أ‬٬ٛ‫ٗني ئيج ُنْ ضٌنٖ ضِٔنني جُٔنإ‬٧ ‫نس‬٣‫نًج ٓنٖ جُرىج‬ٛ
.‫هص‬ُِٞ ‫ؼس‬٤ٟٓ ٌٕٞ٤ْ
It will waste your time.
Team who check your application will avoid and remove it from
the beginning so try to use your time in effective way.
ٖ‫ٌُنن‬ٝ ٚ٠ٍٝ‫نني ٖنن‬٤ِ‫٘طرنن ػ‬٣ ٫ ًٟ‫ٕ جُنن‬٬‫ػنن‬٩‫نس إٔ ضطؿ٘نند ج‬٣‫ننىى ٓننٖ جُرىج‬ٜ‫ٍ هننىٌ ؾ‬ٝ‫قنح‬
.‫لس‬٤‫ظ‬ُٞ‫ج‬ٝ‫ع أ‬ُِٞٞٞٔ ‫س جُطحُرس‬ٜ‫ِرحش جُؿ‬٠ ٠‫ إٔ ضِر‬ُٚ٬‫غ ن‬٤‫ٕ ضٓطط‬٬‫ئذكع ػٖ ئػ‬
Search for an advertisement witch can meet the requirements of
the source of the advertisement.
٠‫ذى إٔ ضرنىأ كن‬٫ٝ ‫ح‬ٛ‫ ضؼِٔ٘ح‬٠‫ جُطٍم جُط‬ٟ‫س ذاقى‬٤‫كططحق‬٩‫ ضـلَ ػٖ ًطحذس جُؿِٔس ج‬٫‫ؿد أ‬٣
٠‫٘طرنن ػِن‬٣ ّ‫ جٍُْنحتَ ذٗنٌَ ػنح‬٠‫٘طرن ػِن‬٣ ‫ٓح‬ٝ ,‫ جٍُْحُس‬٠ِ‫س ذحٍُو ػ‬٤‫كططحق‬٩‫جُؿِٔس ج‬
‫ ٌْنحُس‬ٟ‫ أ‬٠‫كٍ كن‬ٞ‫ؿند إٔ ضطن‬٣ ٠‫ جُهٔٓنس جُطن‬ٙ‫نحت‬ٛ‫ج جُه‬ًًٍٝ‫ذى إٔ ضط‬٫ٝ .ٕ٬‫ػ‬٩‫ًج ج‬ٛ
.ٍ‫ػٔح‬٫‫ ٓؿحٍ ج‬٠‫ك‬

Announcement wanted

A leading company in Amman requires executive secretary to run

a well organized office.
Applicants should have good command of English language and
typing speed not less than 30 w.p.m. short hands would be
preferable.
If you are interested, please write to p.o.box2161Amman
enclosing copies of your certificates.
Good salary and convenient working conditions offered.
‫ؿند‬٣ٝ ,‫ف‬ٍٝ‫ ٓؼن‬ٝ‫ٌ أ‬ٜٞ‫ٍ ٌٓطند ٓٗن‬٣‫نس ضنى‬٣ً٤‫ٍز ض٘ل‬٤‫ ػٔحٕ ضطِد ٌٍْض‬٢‫ًٍٖس ٌجتىز ك‬
‫ْنٍػس جُطرحػنس ذكنى‬ٝ ‫نس‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫َ ذحُِـنس ج‬ٚ‫ج‬ٞ‫حٌز جُط‬ٜٓ ٚ٣‫ٕ ُى‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ ٓوىّ جُطِد أ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
.َٟ‫ًِٔح َجوش ٍْػس جُطرحػس ًحٗص أك‬ٝ ‫وس‬٤‫ جُىه‬٢‫ٖ ًِٔس ك‬٤‫غ‬٬‫ غ‬٠ٗ‫أو‬
..........٠ُ‫جٕ جُطح‬ٞ٘‫ جُؼ‬٠ِ‫ أًطد ػ‬٠ٍُٝٗ‫ي ج‬٤ِ‫ض٘طرن ػ‬ٝ ‫ع‬ُٞٞٞٔ‫ًج ج‬ٜ‫طْ ذ‬ٜٓ ‫كحيج ً٘ص‬
ٝ‫حوجش نرننٍز أ‬ٜ‫ ٖنن‬ٝ‫ننس أ‬٤ِٔ‫حوجش ػ‬ٜ‫جء ٖنن‬ٞ‫ننح ْنن‬ِٜٔ‫ ضك‬٠‫حوجش جُطنن‬ٜ‫ننٔ٘ح ٗٓننم ٓننٖ جُٗنن‬ٟ‫ٓط‬
.‫حٌجش‬ٜٓ ‫حوجش‬ٜٖ
‫ إٔ جٍُجضند‬٠ُ‫ٍئ‬٤‫ٖ كطٗن‬٣ُ‫ن‬٤ٔ‫ٖنهح٘ جُٔط‬٧‫ٍ ئْطوطحخ أًرٍػنىو ٌٓٔنٖ ٓنٖ ج‬ٝ‫س ضكح‬ٜ‫جُؿ‬
.‫ىز‬٤‫ف ػَٔ ؾ‬ٍٝ‫٘حُي ظ‬ٛٝ ٍٟ‫ ٓـ‬ٝ‫ى أ‬٤‫ؾ‬
Example:

210
 ‫‪Reference is made to your advertisement No……. in ALRAI the‬‬
‫‪post of executive secretary.‬‬
‫ئٖنحٌز جُن‪ ٠‬جػ‪ٌٗ٬‬ننْ ٌهنْ‪ .........‬جُ‪ٛ‬نحوٌ كنن‪ ٢‬ؾٍ‪٣‬نىز جُنٍج‪ ٟ‬ك‪ٔ٤‬ننح ‪٣‬طؼِنن ذطِند ْننٌٍض‪ٍ٤‬ز‬
‫ض٘ل‪٣ً٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪Using an introduction‬‬

‫ج‪ ٕ٧‬أٗص ضٓنطهىّ ٓوىٓنس ٌُن‪ ٠‬ضرنىأ كن‪ ٢‬جُنٍو ‪٣ٝ‬ؿند إٔ ضطنًًٍ جُو‪ٞ‬جػنى جُنػ‪٬‬ظ ٌُطحذنس أ‪ٟ‬‬
‫نطحخ ػَٔ ‪٣ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ضطرن هحػىز جُػ‪٬‬ظ كوٍجش‪.‬‬
‫‪If you have been informed or recommended for the job by a‬‬
‫‪person who is well college or one of the company‟s‬‬
‫‪members, you should mention the name of the adviser and‬‬
‫‪his position at the beginning of your letter.‬‬
‫جيج ً٘ص ػٍكص جُطِد ٖٓ ن‪ٖ ٍ٬‬ه‪ٓ ٙ‬ؼ‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪٤َٓ ٝ‬نَ ُني أ‪ٖ ٝ‬نه‪٣ ٙ‬ؼٔنَ كن‪٠‬‬
‫‪ ًٙٛ‬جًٍُٗس ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٗ‪ ٍ٤‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٗه‪ٝ ٙ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جًٍُُٔ جًُ‪ٗ٣ ٟ‬ـِ‪ ٚ‬ك‪ ٠‬جًٍُٗس كن‪٢‬‬
‫ذىج‪٣‬س جٍُْحُس‪.‬‬
‫ٌذٔح ضطٓحتَ ُٔنحيج ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ أٖن‪ .ٍ٤‬ج‪ٖ٩‬نحٌز ‪٘ٛ‬نح ئُن‪ٖ ٠‬نه‪٣ ٙ‬ؼٔنَ ذن٘لّ جُٗنًٍس‬
‫جُط‪ ٠‬ضٍ‪٣‬ى إٔ ضطوىّ ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ‪ًٛ‬ج أ‪ ُٚ ٫ٝ‬ػىز ك‪ٞ‬جتى ق‪٤‬ع ‪٣‬طٔثٖ جُؿ‪ٜ‬س جُط‪ ٠‬أٗص ْن‪ٞ‬ف‬
‫ضطوىّ ُ‪ٜ‬ح ذأٗي ٓؼٍ‪ٝ‬ف ُرؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬حوٌجُط‪٣ ٠‬ػو‪ٞ‬ج ذ‪ٜ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫غحٗ‪٤‬ننح‪ :‬جُٗننه‪ ٙ‬جُننً‪ْ ٟ‬ننطى‪ ٕٝ‬جْننٔ‪ًِٔ ٚ‬ننح ًننحٕ ٖننه‪ ٙ‬ؾ‪٤‬ننى ‪ًٍٓٝ‬ننُ‪ ٙ‬كنن‪ ٢‬جُٗننًٍس‬
‫ٓٔطحَ ‪ٝ‬ػ٘ى‪ ٙ‬نرٍز ‪ِ٣ٞ٠‬س ‪ٓ٣‬طط‪٤‬ؼ‪ٞ‬ج إٔ ‪ٓ٣‬أُ‪ ٙٞ‬ػ٘ي ك‪ٛٓ ٜٞ‬ىٌ غوس ذحُ٘ٓنرس ئُن‪ْٜ٤‬‬
‫‪ٛٓٝ‬ىٌ ؿ٘‪ ٠‬ذحُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش أًػٍ ٖٓ جُطِد جًُ‪ ٟ‬ضٌطر‪ٓ ٕ٧ ٚ‬ؼظنْ جُطن‪٬‬خ ُ‪ْ٨‬نق‬
‫‪ٌ٣‬طر‪ٓ ٕٞ‬ح‪ ّ٤ُ ٞٛ‬ذكو‪٤‬و‪ ٌٕٞ٣ٝ ٠‬ك‪ٜ٤‬ح ٗن‪ٞ‬ع ٓنٖ جُرحُـنس ‪ٝ‬ذحُطنحُ‪ ٠‬ػ٘نىٓح ٗؼنٍف إٔ‬
‫ٖه‪٣ ٙ‬ؼَٔ ك‪ًٍٖ ٢‬ط٘ح ‪ٝٝ‬جقنى ٓنٖ جُٔطونىٓ‪ُ٘ ٖ٤‬نح ٓنٖ ؾ‪ٜ‬نس نحٌؾ‪٤‬نس ‪٣‬ؼنٍف ‪ٛ‬نًج‬
‫جُٗه‪ٞٝٝ ٙ‬ؼ‪ ٚ‬ك‪ ٠‬جُٔوىٓس ‪ًٛ‬ج ‪ٓ٣‬ن‪ َٜ‬ػِ‪٘٤‬نح ػِٔ‪٤‬نس ج‪٩‬نط‪٤‬نحٌ ‪ٝ‬ذنىج‪٣‬حش ج‪ٗ٩‬طرنحع‬
‫ج‪ُٝ٧‬نن‪ ٠‬ػننٖ ‪ِ٠‬رنني ‪ٝ‬ػننٖ ٖه‪ٛ‬نن‪٤‬طي ْنن‪ ٌٕٞ٤‬أك‪ٟ‬ننَ ٓننٖ جُطِرننحش جُطنن‪ُ ٠‬ننْ ضننًًٍ‬
‫ٖه‪ ٙ‬ذؼ‪ٝ ٚ٘٤‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ضٌ‪٬ٓ ٕٞ‬قظنحش ئ‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬نس ضون‪ٞ‬و ذنحُ٘لغ ػِ‪٤‬ني ‪ٝ‬ػِن‪ٖ ٠‬نًٍطي‬
‫أ‪ٟ٣‬ح‪.‬‬
‫‪The primary advantage to be obtained that the person who‬‬
‫‪gave you the introduction will generally be able to give you‬‬
‫‪some hints as to the main points that you should emphasize in‬‬
‫‪your application, so making your task considerably easier,and‬‬
‫‪the employer will already be acquainted with your‬‬
‫‪qualifications.‬‬

‫‪212‬‬
َ‫ٖ وجنن‬٤‫ ٓؼن‬ٙ‫أٗي ضؼنٍف ٖنه‬ٝ ٙ‫س أٗي ضٌطد جْْ جُٗه‬٤‫ؿحذ‬٣٩‫ُجش ج‬٤ُٔٔ‫ٖٓ ج‬
ٜٞ‫ هرَ ضؼرثس جُطِد ك‬ٚ‫َ ذ‬ٛ‫ٍ إٔ ضط‬ٝ‫ؿد إٔ ضكح‬٣ٝ ‫ح‬ٜ٤ُ‫ْ ئ‬٣‫ى جُطوى‬٣ٍ‫ ض‬٠‫جًٍُٗس جُط‬
ٍ‫ننس ٗظنن‬ٜ‫ؾ‬ٝ ٖ‫ٔننس ٓنن‬ُٜٔ‫ ج‬٠‫ جُ٘وننح‬٠‫ؿنند إٔ ضًٍننُ ػِنن‬٣ٝ.‫ِرنني‬٠ ‫ ًطحذننس‬٠‫ٓننحػى ػِنن‬٣
‫لنس ٓوحٌٗنس ٓنغ‬٤‫ظ‬ُٞ‫ ج‬٠‫ٍ ػِن‬ٞ‫ن‬ٛ‫ جُك‬٠‫طي ك‬ٍٚ‫حوز ك‬٣َ ٠ِ‫وس ضؼَٔ ػ‬٣ٍ‫جًٍُٗس ذط‬
.ٍ٤‫جُـ‬
He will guide you and explain to you how to write
application what is the point you should mention or what the
point you should focus and concentrate to it, what the team of
work human resource you should refer to, may be sometimes
you have strong points for the company but the director who
run on the company want special needs.
ٕٞ‫ٌنن‬٣ ‫ف‬ٞ‫ جُكحُننس ْنن‬ًٙ‫نن‬ٜ‫ذ‬ٝ .‫ننح‬ٜ‫طرؼ‬٣ ‫ٓننح‬ٝ ‫ٔننس ًطحذننس جُطِنند‬ٜٓ ‫نني‬٤ِ‫َ ػ‬ٜ‫ٓنن‬٣ ‫ننًج‬ٛ
ٍ‫ضي أًػ‬٬ٛ‫ج ذٔإ‬ٞ‫ػو‬٣ ‫ جًٍُٗس‬٢‫حش جُٔٓإُس ك‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬ٝ‫حقد جًٍُٗس أ‬ٚ ٝ‫جُٔٓطهىّ أ‬
.‫ٍى‬٤‫ٖٓ ؿ‬
Example 1:
Miss SAADET HAMEED, the dean of
Princess served community college,
Has information me that you have
Enquired whether she could
Recommend one of her students for
The post of secretary in your firm

Example 2:
Mr.NASEEM IMRAN, who has represented your firm in Lebanon
for many years, very kindly gave me your address before left
Beirut and allowed me to refer to him.
ْ‫س ٖٓ ٓؼظ‬٤ٚٞ‫ي ٌْحتَ ض‬٣‫ٕ ُى‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫ جُطحُد أ‬ُٟ٣ُ‫َ ػ‬ٟ‫ل‬٣ ‫س‬٤ٚٞ‫ذحُ٘ٓرس ٍُْحتَ جُط‬
‫ننًج‬ٛ ‫ننْ ػننٖ هننٍخ‬ٜ‫ٖ ضؼحِٓننص ٓؼ‬٣ً‫جُنن‬ٝ ‫ جُؿحٓؼننس‬٠‫ّ ُنني كنن‬٣ٌ‫ج ذحُطننى‬ٞٓ‫ٖ هننح‬٣ً‫جُننىًحضٍز جُ ن‬
٠‫ جُطونىّ ئُن‬٢‫كن‬ٝ ٠ٔ٣‫ًنحو‬٧‫ جُٔؿنحٍ ج‬٢‫نح كن‬٤ِ‫ضٌِٔس جُىٌجْنحش جُؼ‬ٝ َٔ‫ ٓؿحٍ جُؼ‬٢‫ىى ك‬٤‫ل‬٤ْ
.‫ح‬ٟ٣‫ظحتق أ‬ُٞ‫ج‬
‫ جُؿحٓؼحش‬ٝ‫َ ٓرحٍٖز ذرؼ‬ٛ‫جًٍُٗحش ضط‬ٝ َٔ‫حقرس جُؼ‬ٚ ‫حش‬ٜ‫ٍز جُؿ‬٤‫حٗح ًػ‬٤‫ٌذٔح أق‬ٝ
‫خ‬٬‫ْٔحء ٖٓ جُط‬٧‫ ج‬ٝ‫ف ذؼ‬٤ٍٖ‫ّ جُوْٓ ض‬٤‫ ٌت‬ٝ‫س أ‬٤ٌُِ‫ى ج‬٤ٔ‫ضطِد ٖٓ ػ‬ٝ ‫حش‬٤ٌُِ‫ج‬ٝ
.ْٜ‫َ ٓؼ‬ٚ‫ج‬ٞ‫ جًٍُٗس ذحُط‬ًٙٛ ّٞ‫ أَٓ إٔ ضو‬٠ِ‫ػ‬

213
 ‫ًِ٘ح ٗؼٍف إٔ أ‪ٝ‬جتَ جُطِرس ‪ٝ‬جُٔطٔ‪ ٖ٣ُ٤‬ك‪ ٢‬ج‪٫‬هٓحّ جُٔهطِلس ‪٘ٛ ٌٕٞ٣‬حى ‪ِ٠‬رحش ٖٓ هرَ‬
‫جًٍُٗحش جٍُجتىز ‪ٝ‬جُر٘‪ٞ‬ى ُِطؼحَٓ ٓؼ‪ٝ ْٜ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ضؼَٔ ػِ‪ ٠‬جْطوطحخ ‪ٛ‬إ‪٫‬ء جُ٘هرس ٖٓ‬
‫جُط‪٬‬خ جُٔطٔ‪ ٖ٣ُ٤‬قط‪ ٠‬هرَ ضهٍؾ‪ٝ ْٜ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح ضؼَٔ ئضلحه‪٤‬حش ًإٔ ضؼٍ‪ ٜ‬ػِ‪ٝ ْٜ٤‬ضؼط‪ْٜ٤‬‬
‫ٌجضد ٓؼ‪ ٖ٤‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أَٓ إٔ ‪ِ٣‬طُٓ‪ٞ‬ج ٓؼ‪ٜ‬ح ٓٓطور‪ ٬‬ذؼى جُطهٍؼ‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح هْٓ ًر‪ ٖٓ ٍ٤‬جُط‪٬‬خ ‪٣‬إو‪ ٟ‬جُلطٍز جُطىٌ‪٣‬ر‪٤‬س ك‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُطه‪ٛٛ‬حش وجنَ ‪ًٙٛ‬‬
‫جًٍُٗحش ‪ٝ‬جُٔإْٓحش ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ٌ٣ ٠‬طٓر‪ٞ‬ج نرٍز ػِٔ‪٤‬س ن‪ ٍ٬‬وٌجْط‪.ْٜ‬‬
‫‪Unsolicited applications‬‬
‫ٌْحتَ ج‪٩‬ػطًجٌ‬

‫‪An unsolicited application is written to a prospective employer‬‬

‫‪who has not advantage.‬‬
‫‪ ٠ٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ٌْحُس ئػطًجٌ ضٌطد ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ظق أ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٓطهىّ جُٔ٘طظٍ جُنً‪ِٔ٣ ٫ ٟ‬ني أ‪ٟ‬‬
‫ٓٔ‪ُ٤‬جش ئ‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪Your letter will not have to complete with dozens of other‬‬
‫‪applications and will be considered for any future opening.‬‬
‫‪٣‬وىّ ئُ‪٤‬ي ٌْحُس ئػطًجٌ ئيج ُْ ‪ِ٠ ٌٖ٣‬ري ‪ِ٣‬رن‪ ٠‬جُٗنٍ‪ٓ ٠ٝ‬وحٌٗنس ذحُٔ٘حكٓن‪ ٖ٤‬أ‪ُ ٝ‬نْ ‪٣‬وط٘ؼن‪ٞ‬ج‬
‫ذحُٔإ‪٬ٛ‬ش ‪ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٜ‬حٌجش جُٔ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز ػ٘ىى أ‪ٗٓ ٝ‬حًَ ك‪ ٠‬ج‪٩‬ض‪ٛ‬حٍ‪.‬‬
‫‪In such situations you must try to find something about the firm‟s‬‬
‫‪activity and shows how your qualifications and experience could‬‬
‫‪be used.‬‬
‫كنن‪ ٠‬ذؼنن‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬جهننق ضكننح‪ ٍٝ‬هنىٌ ج‪ٌٓ٩‬ننحٕ إٔ ضؿننى ذؼنن‪ ٝ‬جُٔؿننح‪٫‬ش أ‪ ٝ‬ج‪٧‬ػٔننحٍ ‪ٝ‬ضؿٔننغ‬
‫ٓؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ق‪ٗٗ ٍٞ‬ح‪٠‬حش جًٍُٗس‪ ,‬غْ ذؼى يُي ضٓأٍ ٗلٓي ‪ٓ ٖٓ َٛ‬ؼٍكطي ُ٘ٗنح‪٠‬حش ‪ٛ‬نً‪ٙ‬‬
‫جًٍُٗس أ‪ٝ‬جُٔؿح‪٫‬ش جُٔ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز ك‪ ٢‬جًٍُٗس ض٘حْند ٓإ‪٬ٛ‬ضني ‪ٝ‬جُهرنٍجش جُٔ‪ٞ‬ؾن‪ٞ‬وز ػ٘نىى‬
‫قط‪ٌ ُٞ ٠‬و‪ٝ‬ج ػِ‪٤‬ي ذٍْحُس ئػطنًجٌ ‪ً٘ٝ‬نص ٓ‪ٛ‬نٍ ػِن‪ ٠‬إٔ ضؼٔنَ ذ‪ٜ‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُٗنًٍس ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ‬
‫ضط٘حٍَ هِ‪ٝ ٬٤‬ضورَ ذرؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ٘ح‪ٚ‬د أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظنحتق جُطن‪ٌ ٠‬ذٔنح ٓنٖ ‪ٝ‬ؾ‪ٜ‬نس ٗظنٍى أهنَ ٓنٖ‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس جٍُت‪ٓ٤‬ن‪٤‬س جُطن‪ ٠‬ضوٍ‪٣‬رنح ضنْ ٌك‪ٟ‬ني ٓنٖ هرنَ جُٗنًٍس ‪ٗ٧‬ني ُٓنص ٓإ‪ٛ‬نَ أ‪ ٝ‬ؿ‪٤‬نٍى‬
‫أك‪٘ٓ َٟ‬ي ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٖٓ ّ٤ُ ٠‬جُهطأ إٔ ضط٘حٍَ ‪ٝ‬ضورَ ذرؼ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظحتق ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ ٖٓ ٟ‬ن‪ٍ٬‬‬
‫ضًٍ‪ُ٤‬ى ‪ٓٝ‬ؼٍكطي ػٖ ٗٗح‪٠‬حش جًٍُٗس غنْ ضٓنأٍ قحُني ً‪٤‬نق ُن‪ ٠‬إٔ أػ‪٤‬نى جٌُنٍز ‪ٝ‬أضونىّ‬
‫ذطِد ؾى‪٣‬ى ُ‪ ًٜٙ‬جًٍُٗس ػِ‪ ٠‬أَٓ أٗ‪ ٚ‬ك‪ ٢‬جُٔٓنطورَ هنى ضػرنص ؾنىجٌز ‪ٝ‬ضٓنطط‪٤‬غ جُك‪ٛ‬ن‪ٍٞ‬‬
‫ػِ‪ٝ ٠‬ظ‪٤‬لس أػِ‪.٠‬‬
‫‪Example 1:‬‬
‫‪Please allow me to subject this application to you asking if you‬‬
‫‪have an opening which you think fits my qualification.‬‬

‫‪214‬‬
‫أٌؾ‪ ٞ‬إٔ ضٓٔك‪ٞ‬ج ُن‪ ٠‬ذطونى‪ٛ ْ٣‬نًج جُطِند ٌُنْ ذنأ‪ٝ ٟ‬ظ‪٤‬لنس أٗنطْ ضٍ‪ٜٗٝ‬نح ٓ٘حْنرس ُٔنإ‪٬ٛ‬ض‪٠‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬نرٍجض‪( ٠‬ق‪٤‬ع ُْ ضكىو ‪ٝ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ٓؼ‪٘٤‬س ) ‪ٌٝ‬ذٔح ‪ًٛ‬ج ‪٣‬ل‪٤‬ى ‪ٝ‬أق‪٤‬حٗح أنٍ‪٣ ٫ ٟ‬ل‪٤‬ى ق‪٤‬ع ضؼطٔى‬
‫ػِ‪ ٠‬جُظٍ‪ٝ‬ف جُٔ‪ٞ‬ؾ‪ٞ‬وز‪.‬‬
‫‪Example 2:‬‬
‫‪Please, consider me one of the candidates for any future opening‬‬
‫‪for a typist or any clerical job which fits qualifications.‬‬
‫‪The information, sentence, the conclusion and other information‬‬
‫‪will be the same in all the mentioned kinds of applications.‬‬
‫أٌؾنن‪ ٞ‬إٔ ضطورِنن‪ٞ‬ج ‪ِ٠‬رنن‪ ٠‬ػِنن‪ ٠‬أٓننَ أٗنن‪ ٚ‬كنن‪ ٠‬جُٔٓننطورَ ضؼِٔنن‪ٞ‬ج ػِنن‪ٝ ٠‬ظننحتق ؾى‪٣‬ننىز ض٘حْنند‬
‫ٓإ‪٬ٛ‬ض‪.٠‬‬
‫جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬ننحش ‪ٝ‬جُؿٔننَ ‪ٝ‬جْننط٘طحؼ جُؿٔننَ ‪ٝ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬ننحش ج‪٫‬نننٍ‪٣ ٟ‬ؿنند إٔ ضٌنن‪ ٕٞ‬ضوٍ‪٣‬رننح ٗلننّ‬
‫جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش ‪ُٜٝ‬ح ٗلّ ج‪٤ٔٛ٧‬س ك‪ ٢‬ؾٔ‪٤‬غ جٍُْحتَ جُط‪ ٠‬ضرؼنع ذ‪ٜ‬نح ‪ٝ‬ضنًًٍ ػُ‪٣‬نُ‪ ٟ‬جُطحُند‬
‫أٗي ْطرؼع أًػٍٖٓ ٌْحُس جُ‪ ٠‬أًػٍٖٓ ؾ‪ٜ‬س ٖٓ أؾَ جُك‪ ٍٞٛ‬ػِ‪ٝ ٠‬ظ‪٤‬لس‪.‬‬

‫ئُ‪ًٛ ٠‬ج جُكى ٌٗطل‪ ٠‬ذ‪ًٜ‬ج جُوىٌ ػِن‪ ٠‬أٓنَ جُِونحء ذٌنْ كن‪ ٢‬جُكِونحش جُوحوٓنس جُن‪ ٠‬يُني جُكن‪ٖ٤‬‬
‫وٓطْ ك‪ ٢‬قلع هللا ‪ٌٝ‬ػح‪٣‬ط‪ٚ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ٝ‬ذًٍحض‪.ٚ‬‬

‫‪215‬‬
 ُ‫اىَحبضرح اىتبصعخ واىعشرو‬

ْ٤‫ذْٓ هللا جٍُقٖٔ جٍُق‬

‫س‬٣ٌ‫ش ضؿح‬٬ْ‫ٖ ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓج‬٣ٍٗ‫جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ جُكِوس جُطحْؼس‬٢‫ ذٌْ ك‬٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‫ جُطِرس أ‬٢‫أػُجت‬
ٞٛٝ ‫ع‬ٞٞٞٓ ٍ‫ٗٓطٌَٔ آن‬ٝ ‫ٍز‬٤‫ن‬٧‫ جُكِوس هرَ ج‬ًٙٛ ٌٕٞ‫ٌذٔح ض‬ٝ ,‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫ذحُِـس ج‬
.َٔ‫ِرحش جُؼ‬٠ ٢ِ‫ْ ػ‬٣‫س جُطوى‬٤‫ل‬٤ً

Types of application and kinds of application

.‫ ًطحذس جُطِرحش‬ٚ‫ؾ‬ٝ‫ أ‬٢ٔٓ٣ ‫ٍز جُٓحذوس ػ٘ى ٓح‬ٞ‫ جُٔكح‬٢‫هل٘ح ك‬ٞ‫ض‬ٝ

:‫ٍ هِ٘ح‬ٝ٧‫ جُٔػحٍ ج‬٢‫ ك‬ٚٗ‫ج أ‬ًًٍٝ‫ض‬ٝ
Example 1:
Please allow me to subject this application to you, asking if you
have an opening which you think fits my qualifications.
ٕ‫ك٘ح أ‬ٞٝ ٕ‫ْرن أ‬ٝ.٠‫ض‬٬ٛ‫ؼس ٓإ‬٤‫ر‬٠ ‫ظحتق ٌذٔح ض٘حْد‬ٝ ‫س كطف‬٤ٗ‫٘ح أْأٍ ػٖ ئٌٓح‬ٛٝ
ٌَٗ‫ٌُٖ ذ‬ٝ ‫هق‬ُٞٔ‫ ج‬٢ِ‫ؼطٔى ػ‬٣ ‫ًج‬ٛٝ ‫س‬٤‫ٕ ِْر‬ٌٞ‫ٌذٔح ض‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ؿحذ‬٣‫ٕ ئ‬ٌٞ‫ جٍُْحُس ٌذٔح ض‬ًٙٛ
‫ىز‬٣‫ظحتق ؾى‬ٝ ‫ج‬ٞ‫لطك‬٣ ‫ ػ٘ىٓح‬٬‫ٓٓطور‬ٝ ‫ق‬٤ٌٖ٧‫ ج‬٢‫ جٍُْحُس ك‬ًٜٙ‫ج ذ‬ٞ‫كطلظ‬٣ ْٛ ّ‫ػح‬
‫جػى‬ٞ‫ ه‬٠‫ْ ك‬ٜ٣‫ضي ٓرٍٓؽ ُى‬٬ٛ‫ٓإ‬ٝ ‫لطي‬٤‫ظ‬ٝٝ ‫ٕ جْٔي‬ٌٞ٣ ‫ع‬٤‫ جُطِرحش ق‬ًٙٛ ٠ُ‫ج ئ‬ٞ‫ٍؾؼ‬٣
.‫حٍ ٓؼي‬ٛ‫ض‬٩‫ج ٖٓ ج‬ٌٞ٘ٔ‫ط‬٣ ٠ُ‫ذحُطح‬ٝ ‫حٗحش‬٤‫جُر‬
Example 2:
Please, consider me one of the candidates for any future opening
for a typist or any clerical job which fits my qualifications.
The information, sentences, conclusion, and other information will
be the same in all the mentioned kinds of applications.
‫ننس‬٤‫ أػٔننحٍ ًطحذ‬ٟ‫ أ‬ٝ‫س أ‬٤ِ‫ظننحتق ٓٓننطور‬ٝ ٟ٧ ٖ٤‫جقننىج ٓننٖ جٍُٖٔننك‬ٝ ٠‫ٗنن‬ٍٝ‫ إٔ ضؼطر‬ٞ‫أٌؾنن‬
.٠‫ض‬٬ٛ‫ ض٘حْد ٓإ‬٠‫جُط‬ٝ
‫نغ‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬٠‫حك‬ٜ‫ٕ ٗلٓن‬ٞ‫ؿند إٔ ضٌن‬٣ ٍٟ‫نن‬٧‫ٓنحش ج‬ِٞ‫جُٔؼ‬ٝ ‫ْنط٘طحؾحش‬٩‫ج‬ٝ َٔ‫جُؿ‬ٝ ‫ٓحش‬ِٞ‫جُٔؼ‬
.ٍٟ‫ن‬٧‫ جًٍُٗحش ج‬ٝ‫ح جًٍُٗس أ‬ٜ‫ ضٌطر‬٠‫جٍُْحتَ جُط‬

Letter of application

Personal manager HASSAN ZAYED

Contracting 12 may, 1992 Jabel el-Hussein
trading co P.o.Box (8123)
216
‫‪Dear Sir,‬‬
‫‪Reference to your advertisement in Al-Rai daily newspaper‬‬
‫‪in which you advertised the position of clerk-typist.‬‬
‫‪I'm Jordanian, 20years old, single, I have a diploma in business‬‬
‫‪and office practice, practice, my typing speed is 45 w.p.m and my‬‬
‫‪short hand dictation speed is 75-90 w.p.m, also I posses other‬‬
‫‪related skills: business correspondences and filling , I will‬‬
‫‪appreciate it if you consider my applications ,and give me the‬‬
‫‪change for an interview at your convenience.‬‬

‫‪Yours faithfully,‬‬
‫‪HASSAN ZAYED‬‬

‫ّص اىرصبىخ‪:‬‬
‫ذح‪ٖ٩‬حٌز ئُ‪ ٠‬ئػ‪ ٌْٗ٬‬ك‪ ٠‬ؾٍ‪٣‬ىز جٍُأ‪ ٟ‬جُ‪٤ٓٞ٤‬س ‪ٝ‬جًُ‪٣ ٟ‬طِد ‪ٝ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ‪٠‬حذغ أ‪ً ٝ‬حضد‪.‬‬
‫أٗننح أٌوٗنن‪ ,٠‬ػٗننٍ‪ ٕٝ‬ػننحّ‪ ,‬قح‪ٚ‬ننَ ػِنن‪ ٠‬وذِ‪ٓٞ‬ننح كنن‪ ٢‬ج‪٧‬ػٔننحٍ ‪ٝ‬ئوجٌز جٌُٔحضنند‪ٝ ,‬ضننىٌ‪٣‬د‬
‫ػِٔ‪ . ٠‬أْطط‪٤‬غ إٔ أ‪٠‬رغ ‪ًِٔ 78‬س ك‪ ٠‬جُىه‪٤‬وس‪ٝ ,‬أًطد ٖٓ ‪ 48‬ئُ‪ًِٔ 25 ٠‬س ك‪ ٠‬جُىه‪٤‬وس‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ػ٘ى‪ ٟ‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٜ‬حٌجش ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ ٟ‬جُٔطؼِوس ذ‪ًٜ‬ج جُٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع( ج‪ٌٖ٧‬لس ‪ٝ‬قلع جُِٔلحش)‪.‬‬
‫ْنن‪ٞ‬ف أًنن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬وننىٌج ‪ٖٝ‬ننحًٍج ئيج هرِننطْ ‪ِ٠‬رنن‪ٝ ٠‬أنننًض‪ ٙٞ‬ذؼنن‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪٩‬ػطرننحٌ ‪ٝ‬ئػطننحت‪ ٠‬كٍ‪ٚ‬ننس‬
‫ٓوحذِطٌْ ُِك‪ ٍٞٛ‬ػِ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس‪.‬‬
‫الحظ‪:‬‬
‫ػ٘‪ٞ‬جٕ جٍَُْٔ ‪ٝ‬جٍَُْٔ ئُ‪ ٚ٤‬ك‪ ًٙٛ ٢‬جٍُْحُس‪.‬‬
‫جٍُْحُس ٓهط‪ٍٛ‬ز ق‪٤‬ع ق‪ٞ‬ش ن‪ٛ‬حت‪ ٙ‬جٍُْحُس ٖٓ جُىهس ‪ٝ‬جٌُٔنحٍ ‪ٝ‬ج‪٧‬وخ ‪ٝ‬ئُن‪ ٠‬قنى ٓنح‬
‫ضؼطرٍ ٓػحُ‪٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪٫‬قننع إٔ ‪٠‬حُنند جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لننس جْننططحع إٔ ‪٣‬ؼرننٍ ػننٖ ًننَ ٓننح ‪٣‬ننى‪ ٌٝ‬كنن‪ٗ ٢‬لٓنن‪ُٝ ٚ‬هنن‪ً ٙ‬ننَ‬
‫جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬حش جُٔطِ‪ٞ‬ذس ضوٍ‪٣‬رح ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ؾ‪٤‬ىز ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ٝ ٠‬كٍ جُ‪ٞ‬هص ‪ٝ‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬نى كن‪ ٢‬هنٍجءز جٍُْنحُس‬
‫‪ٝ‬ك‪ٜٜٔ‬ننح ٓننٖ هرننَ كٍ‪٣‬ننن جُؼٔننَ أ‪ ٝ‬جُٗننه‪ ٙ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬ننس جُطنن‪ْ ٠‬نن‪ٞ‬ف ضطنن‪ ٠ُٞ‬هننٍجءز ‪ٝ‬كننٍَ‬
‫جُطِرحش‪ٝ .‬ذ٘حءج ػِ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُهط‪ٞ‬ز ْ‪ٞ‬ف ض٘ىٌؼ نط‪ٞ‬جش أنٍ‪ٓٓ ٟ‬طورِ‪٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٢‬أٗص ػ٘ىٓح ضٌطد ٌْحُطي ٖٓ جُرىج‪٣‬س ذٌَٗ ‪ٚ‬ك‪٤‬ف ‪ٝ‬ذٌَٗ ٓو٘نغ ‪ٓٝ‬هط‪ٛ‬نٍ أٗنص‬
‫ض‪ٟ‬ننٖٔ إٔ ‪ٛ‬ننًج جُٗننه‪ ٙ‬أ‪ ٝ‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬ننس كنن‪ ٠‬جُٗننًٍس جُٔؼ‪٘٤‬ننس جُطنن‪ ٠‬ضوننىٓص ذحُطِنند ُ‪ٜ‬ننح ْنن‪ٞ‬ف‬
‫‪٣‬ؼط‪ُ ٠‬طِري ػ٘ح‪٣‬س ‪ْٞٝ‬ف ‪٣‬و‪ ّٞ‬ذوٍجءز ‪ِ٠‬ري ئُ‪ ٠‬جُ٘‪ٜ‬ح‪٣‬س ٌُنٖ ػ٘نىٓح ضٌن‪ ٕٞ‬جٍُْنحُس ٓنٖ‬
‫‪217‬‬
‫غنن‪٬‬ظ أ‪ ٝ‬أٌذننغ ‪ٚ‬ننلكحش هننحٌب جٍُْننحُس ْنن‪ٞ‬ف ‪ٔ٣‬ننَ ‪ٝ‬ذحُطننحُ‪ْ ٢‬نن‪ٞ‬ف ‪٣‬طِننغ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ننح ذٗننٌَ‬
‫ٍْ‪٣‬غ ‪ ُٖٝ‬ضطٍى ئ‪ ٫‬أغٍج ِْر‪٤‬ح ػِ‪ ٠‬جُٔطِو‪ٝ ٠‬ذحُطحُ‪ٓ٣ ٢‬طرؼى ‪ِ٠‬ري‪.‬‬
‫‪٘ٛ ٖٓٝ‬ح ضأض‪ ٠‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س جٍُْحُس ج‪٩‬كططحق‪٤‬س ‪٤ًٝ‬ق ضٌطر‪ٜ‬ح ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ؾ‪٤‬ىز ‪٤ًٝ‬ق ضؼرٍ ػٖ ٗلٓي‬
‫ذأهَ ؾَٔ ٌٓٔ٘س ‪ٌٓ ٌُٖٝ‬طِٔس‪.‬‬
‫‪٫‬قع إٔ ٓوىّ جُطِد ضطٍم ئُ‪ ٠‬ؾٔ‪٤‬غ جُٔ‪ٜ‬نحٌجش جُطن‪ٔ٣ ٢‬طٌِ‪ٜ‬نح ‪ٝ‬أػطن‪ ٠‬كٌنٍز ػنٖ ٗلٓن‪ٚ‬‬
‫‪ٓٝ‬إ‪ ِٚٛ‬جُؼِٔ‪ٝ ٠‬نرٍجضن‪ًٝ ٚ‬نَ ٖنة ‪ٔ٣‬طٌِن‪ ٚ‬ذٔنح ‪٘٣‬حْند جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لنس ‪٠ٝ‬رؼنح ‪ٛ‬نًج ٖنة ئ‪٣‬ؿنحذ‪٢‬‬
‫‪٣‬كٓد ُ‪ٝ ٚ‬ذحُطحُ‪ٓ ٢‬نٖ ٖنٍ‪ ٠ٝ‬جٍُْنحُس إٔ ضٌن‪ٓ ٕٞ‬هط‪ٛ‬نٍز ‪ٓٝ‬رحٖنٍز ‪ٝ‬ضٔطنحَ ذحُ‪ٞٞ‬ن‪ٞ‬ـ‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُىهننس ‪ٝ‬جٌُٔننحٍ ‪ٝ‬ذؼننىّ ج‪٠٩‬حُننس ‪ٌُٝ‬ننٖ ‪٣‬ؿنند إٔ ٗ٘طرنن‪ ٚ‬ئُنن‪٤ًٔ ٢‬ننس جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬ننحش كنن‪ ٢‬جٍُْننحُس‬
‫ذك‪٤‬ع ضٌ‪ً ٕٞ‬حك‪٤‬س ‪٣ ٫ٝ‬إو‪ ٟ‬قٍ‪ٚ‬ن٘ح جُٗنى‪٣‬ى إٔ ٗـلنَ ذؼن‪ ٝ‬جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬نحش جُٔ‪ٜٔ‬نس‪ٌٝ .‬ذٔنح‬
‫ٗط‪٤‬ؿس يُي ‪٣‬هٍٓ ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُ٘وح‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٜٔ‬س ك‪ ٢‬جُٔلح‪ٞ‬نِس ػ٘نى ئنط‪٤‬نحٌ جُطِرنحش كن‪ٍٓ ٠‬قِنس ٓنح‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٢‬ؿد إٔ ٗطىٌخ ػِ‪ً ٠‬طحذس جٍُْحتَ ‪ٝ‬ضوى‪ ْ٣‬جُطِرحش ‪.‬‬
‫ػُ‪ ١ُ٣‬جُطحُد هرنَ ًطحذنس جُطِند ‪ٓ ٍٝ٧‬نٍز ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ ضٓطٗن‪ ٍ٤‬ي‪ ٟٝ‬جُهرنٍز كن‪ً ٠‬طحذنس‬
‫جٍُْننحتَ ‪ٝ‬ضوننى‪ ْ٣‬جُطِرننحش ‪ٝ‬جُننً‪ٔ٣ ٖ٣‬طٌِنن‪ٜٓ ٕٞ‬ننحٌجش أػِنن‪ ٠‬ػِنن‪ ٠‬أْننحِ أٗنني ضننطؼِْ ٓنن٘‪ْٜ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ضكح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضطؿ٘د ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جُٔٗحًَ جُط‪ ٢‬ضوغ ك‪ٜ٤‬ح ئيج جػطٔىش ػِ‪ٌ ٠‬أ‪٣‬ي ‪ٝ‬غوطي ك‪ٗ ٠‬لٓي‪.‬‬
‫غوطي ك‪ٗ ٠‬لٓي ٖة ؾ‪٤‬ى ‪ ٌُٖٝ‬جُٔٗ‪ٌٞ‬ز ‪ٝ‬أنً ٌأ‪ ٟ‬ج‪٧‬نٍ‪ٖ ٖ٣‬نة ٓ‪ٜ‬نْ ؾنىج‪ٌ .‬ذٔنح ذؼن‪ٝ‬‬
‫ج‪ٖ٧‬ننهح٘ ئيج ٌكنن‪ِ٠ ٝ‬ننر‪ ٖٜٔٔ‬أ‪ٓ ٍٝ‬ننٍز ‪ًٝ‬ننحٗ‪ٞ‬ج قٓحْنن‪ ٖ٤‬أًػننٍ ْنن‪٘٤‬ؼٌّ ْننِر‪٤‬ح ػِنن‪٢‬‬
‫ٗلٓ‪٤‬ط‪ْٞٝ ْٜ‬ف ضإغٍ ٓٓطور‪ ٬‬ػِ‪٣ٍ٠ ٠‬وس ضوى‪ُِ ْٜٔ٣‬طِد ذٌَٗ ػنحّ ‪ٌُٝ‬نٖ ػ٘نىٓح ضٌطند‬
‫‪ِ٠‬د ‪ٝ‬ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬ػِ‪ٓ ٠‬ؼٍكس ‪ٝ‬ذ‪٘٤‬س ‪ًٛ‬ج ًِ‪ْٞ ٚ‬ف ‪٘٣‬ؼٌّ ئ‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬ح ػِ‪٤‬ي ‪ٝ‬ػِ‪ٓٓ ٠‬ن‪ٍ٤‬ز ق‪٤‬حضني‬
‫‪ٝ‬ػِ‪٣ٍ٠ ٠‬وس ضلٌ‪ٍ٤‬ى‪.‬‬

‫‪Hints on writing letters of applications‬‬

‫‪1- Try to address an individual whose name appears in the‬‬

‫‪advertisement, if not make the salutation read dear sir‬‬
‫ئيج ًحٕ جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جُٔؼِٖ ًحضد جْٔ‪ٍٚ ٚ‬جقس ‪٣‬ل‪ َٟ‬إٔ ضرىأ ٌْحُطي ذنًًٍ جْنْ جُٗنه‪ٙ‬‬
‫‪ ٫ٝ‬ضٌطل‪ ٠‬ذحًٍُُٔ جًُ‪ٗ٣ ٟ‬ـِ‪.ٚ‬‬
‫ٍخال‪ :‬ئيج ًحٕ ٌٓط‪ٞ‬خ ذح‪٩‬ػ‪ٓ ٕ٬‬ى‪ ٍ٣‬جُو‪ ٟٞ‬جُرٍٗ‪٣‬س ك‪ًٍٖ ٠‬س ْحذي ٓ‪ٛ‬طل‪ ٠‬جُٔط‪ٍٟ٤‬‬
‫أٗننص ‪٣‬ؿنند إٔ ضؼ٘نن‪ٌْ ٕٞ‬ننحُطي ئُنن‪ ٠‬جُٓنن‪٤‬ى ٓ‪ٛ‬ننطل‪ ٠‬جُٔط‪٤‬ننٍ‪ٓ ٟ‬ننى‪ ٍ٣‬جُونن‪ ٟٞ‬جُرٗننٍ‪٣‬س كنن‪٠‬‬
‫ًٍٖس ْحذي‪.‬‬
‫ػ٘ىٓح ضٌطد جْْ جُٗه‪ ٙ‬ئيج ًحٕ ًًٓ‪٣ ٌٞ‬ؼطرٍ ‪ًٛ‬ج ٗ‪ٞ‬ػنح ٓنٖ ج‪٧‬وخ كن‪ً ٠‬طحذنس جٍُْنحتَ‬
‫‪ٝ‬ضوى‪ ْ٣‬جُطِرحش ‪ٛٝ‬ن‪ٞٗ ٞ‬ػنح ٓنٖ أٗن‪ٞ‬جع ج‪٩‬قطنٍجّ جُنً‪ ٟ‬ضوىٓن‪ ٚ‬ئُن‪ ٠‬يُني جُٗنه‪ٝ ٙ‬ذحُطنحُ‪٢‬‬
‫ْ‪ٞ‬ف ‪٘٣‬ؼٌّ يُي ئ‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬ح ػِ‪٣ٍ٠ ٠‬وس ضلٌ‪ٗٝ ٍ٤‬ظٍز يُي جُٗه‪ ٙ‬ئُ‪ِ٠ ٠‬ري‪.‬‬
‫‪It will reflect positively in the mind of the person who deals with‬‬
‫‪your application.‬‬
‫‪218‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ئيج ُْ ‪٣‬نًًٍ جْنٔ‪ٝ ٚ‬جًطلن‪ ٠‬ذٔنى‪ ٍ٣‬جُون‪ ٟٞ‬جُرٗنٍ‪٣‬س ذٗنًٍس‪٣ .........‬ؿند إٔ جٍُْنحُس ئُن‪٠‬‬
‫جُٓ‪٤‬ى ٓى‪ ٍ٣‬جُو‪ ٟٞ‬جُرٍٗ‪٣‬س و‪ ٕٝ‬يًٍ جْْ ‪٘ٛٝ‬ح ‪ٞ٣ ٫‬ؾى ػِ‪٤‬ي أ‪ٓ٬ٓ ٟ‬نس‪ٝ ,‬قطن‪ُ ٠‬ن‪ً٘ ٞ‬نص‬
‫ضؼٍف جْْ جُٗه‪ ًًٍ٣ ُْٝ ٙ‬جْٔ‪ ٚ‬ذح‪٩‬ػ‪٣ ٕ٬‬ؿد أ‪ ٫‬ضًًٍ جْنْ يُني جُٗنه‪ٝ ٙ‬ضٌطلن‪٠‬‬
‫ذٔح ‪ٌٓ ٞٛ‬ط‪ٞ‬خ ذح‪٩‬ػ‪.ٕ٬‬‬

‫‪2- Indicate the source from which you've learnt about the‬‬
‫‪vacant post.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٗ‪ ٍ٤‬ئُ‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٛ‬ىٌ جًُ‪ ٟ‬ػِٔص ٓ٘‪ ٚ‬ػِ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُلٍ‪ٚ‬س أ‪ ٝ‬جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لنس ‪ٓٝ‬نٖ ٗ‪ٛ‬نكي‬
‫‪ٌٝ‬ذٔح أٗص ضوٍأ ئػ‪ٝ ٕ٬‬ضؼٍكص ئُ‪ٖ ٠‬ه‪٣ ٙ‬ؼَٔ ك‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جًٍُٗس ‪ٚ ٞٛٝ‬ى‪٣‬وي ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٠‬‬
‫ٗ‪ٛ‬ننكي ذحُطوننىّ ذطِنند ُِط‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬ننق ‪ُٝ‬نن‪ٓ ّ٤‬ننٖ جُهطننأ إٔ ضؿٔننغ ذنن‪ ٖ٤‬ج‪٩‬غ٘نن‪( ٖ٤‬ئٖننحٌز ئُنن‪٠‬‬
‫ج‪٩‬ػ‪ٝ ٕ٬‬جْْ جُٗه‪)ٙ‬‬

‫‪3- Layout the letter and write neatly as well‬‬

‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضؼَٔ ػِ‪ ٠‬ض‪ ْ٤ٔٛ‬جٍُْحُس ‪ٝ‬ج‪٧‬ؾُجء جٌُٔ‪ٗٞ‬س ُ‪ٜ‬ح ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ؾ‪٤‬ىز‪.‬‬
‫‪٣ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ض‪ٜ‬طْ ذحُٔظ‪ ٍٜ‬جُؼحّ ٍُِْحُس ذك‪٤‬نع ضطنٍى أغنٍج ئ‪٣‬ؿحذ‪٤‬نح كن‪ ٠‬ػونَ ‪ٝ‬هِند ٓٓنطورَ‬
‫جٍُْحُس‪ٝ .‬ئيج ًطرص جٍُْحُس ًطحذس ‪٣‬ى‪٣ٝ‬س ‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ‪ ٌٕٞ٣‬نطي ؾ‪٤‬ى ‪ٓٝ‬وٍ‪ٝ‬ء ‪٘ٓٝ‬ظْ‪.‬‬
‫‪The appearance of your letter should affect in the mind of the‬‬
‫‪receipt your application.‬‬

‫‪4- Recount briefly the abilities that you feel will quality for the‬‬
‫‪job.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضؼىو ذانط‪ٛ‬حٌ ٓٓنإُ‪٤‬حضي ‪ٝ‬جْنطؼىجوجضي ‪ٖٝ‬نؼ‪ٌٞ‬ى ‪٤ًٝ‬نق أٗني ٓإ‪ٛ‬نَ ‪ٝ‬ضٓنطط‪٤‬غ‬
‫ئوجٌز ضِنني جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لننس‪ٌٝ ,‬ذٔننح ‪ٌ٣‬نن‪ُ ٕٞ‬نني ‪٣ٍ٠‬وننس نح‪ٚ‬ننس كنن‪ ٠‬ئوجٌز ‪ٛ‬ننًج جُؼٔننَ ‪ٝ‬ضكنند إٔ‬
‫ضًًٍ‪ٛ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫‪٣ٝ‬ؿد إٔ ضًٍُ ػِ‪ٗ ٠‬وح‪ ٠‬جُو‪ٞ‬ز جُط‪ ٠‬ضؼطوى أٗ‪ٜ‬ح ٖٓ ‪ٝ‬ؾ‪ٜ‬س ٗظٍى ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضنإو‪ ٟ‬ئُن‪ ٠‬ئه٘نحع‬
‫جُلٍ‪٣‬ن أ‪ ٝ‬جُؿ‪ٜ‬س جُٔٓث‪ُٞ‬س ػٖ جْط‪ ّ٬‬جُطِرحش‪.‬‬
‫‪By using this way you can marketing your self better than others‬‬
‫‪and may be get chance to obtain this opportunity.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ػ٘ى هٍجءض‪ُِ ْٜ‬طِرحش ْن‪ٞ‬ف ‪ٗ٣‬نؼٍ‪ٝ‬ج أٗني ضٔطِني ٓ‪ٜ‬نحٌجش نح‪ٚ‬نس ‪ٛٝ‬نًج ْن‪ٞ‬ف‬
‫‪ٓ٣‬حػى ك‪ ٠‬ضل‪ِ٤ٟ‬ي ‪ٝ‬ئنط‪٤‬حٌى‪.‬‬

‫‪5- Make sure that your letter is correctly worded and contains‬‬
‫‪no spelling or punctuation errors.‬‬

‫‪219‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضطأًى ٖٓ ًطحذس ٌْنحُطي ذِـنس ْنِ‪ٔ٤‬س ‪ٝ‬ذٌِٔنحش ُ‪ٓ٤‬نص ؿحٓ‪ٟ‬نس ‪ٓٝ‬طؼنحٌف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬نح‬
‫‪ِْٜٝ‬س ‪ٓٝ‬طىج‪ُٝ‬س ‪ ٫ٝ‬ضكط‪ ٟٞ‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أنطحء ئٓ‪٬‬ت‪٤‬س‪ٝ .‬ذحُطحُ‪ ٠‬ه‪٤ٟ‬س جُطٍه‪ ْ٤‬أ‪ٟ٣‬ح ٓ‪ٜٔ‬نس ‪ٕ٧‬‬
‫ًَ يُي ‪٣‬ؼٌّ ٖه‪٤ٛ‬طي ‪ٝ‬هىٌجضي ‪ٓٝ‬إ‪٬ٛ‬ضي ‪ٜٓٝ‬حٌجضي‪.‬‬
‫‪6- Revise it carefully before sending it.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضؼَٔ ػِ‪ٍٓ ٠‬جؾؼس ‪ٝ‬هٍجءز جٍُْحُس أًػٍ ٖٓ ٍٓز هرَ ئٌْحُ‪ٜ‬ح‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ضكح‪ ٍٝ‬إٔ ضطِغ ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ٖٓ ‪ ْٛ‬أًػٍ ٓ٘ي هىٌز ‪ًٝ‬لحءز ‪ٓٝ‬ؼٍكس‪.‬‬
‫‪This is the important letter in your life because your future may be‬‬
‫‪depending upon this letter.‬‬
‫ٌذٔنح ٓٓننطورِي ًِنن‪ٗٝ ٚ‬ؿحقنني كنن‪ ٠‬جُك‪٤‬نحز جُؼِٔ‪٤‬ننس ‪٣‬ؼطٔننى ػِنن‪ ٠‬ضِنني جٍُْننحُس ُننًُي ‪٣‬ؿنند إٔ‬
‫ضؼط‪ٜ٤‬ح هىٌ ًر‪ ٖٓ ٍ٤‬جُٔٓث‪٤ُٞ‬س‪.‬‬
‫)‪Using a curriculum vitae (C.V‬‬

‫‪٣‬ؿد إٔ ضٌ‪ ٕٞ‬جُٓ‪ٍ٤‬ز جًُجض‪٤‬س ػ٘ىى ؾح‪ُٛ‬ز‪.‬‬

‫ئٕ ً‪٤‬ل‪٤‬س ًطحذس جُٓ‪ٍ٤‬ز جًُجض‪٤‬س ‪ٝ‬ذ٘‪ٞ‬و‪ٛ‬ح ‪ًٛ‬ج ‪٣‬ؼطرٍ كٖ ذكى يجض‪ًٝ ٚ‬ػ‪ٓ ٍ٤‬نٖ جُطِرنحش ضٓنطرؼى‬
‫ُٓ‪ٞ‬ء ًطحذط‪ٜ‬ح ‪٤ًٝ‬ل‪٤‬س ضؼر‪ٍٛ٤‬ح ػٖ جُٗه‪.ٙ‬‬

‫أق‪٤‬حٗننح ‪ٔ٣‬طِنني جُٗننه‪ ٙ‬ذؼنن‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٜ‬ننحٌجش ‪ٝ‬جُٔننإ‪٬ٛ‬ش ‪ٝ‬جُه‪ٛ‬ننحت‪ٌ٣ٝ ٙ‬نن‪٘ٓ ٕٞ‬حْننرح ُطِنني‬
‫جُ‪ٞ‬ظ‪٤‬لس ‪ٗ ٌُٖٝ‬ط‪٤‬ؿس ػىّ هىٌض‪ ٚ‬ػِ‪٤ٚ ٠‬حؿس ْ‪ٍ٤‬ض‪ ٚ‬جًُجض‪٤‬س ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ‪ٚ‬ك‪٤‬كس ْن‪ٞ‬ف ‪ُٞ٣‬نى‬
‫يُي ‪ٌٞٚ‬ز ْ‪٤‬ثس ك‪ ٠‬ي‪ٓٓ ٖٛ‬طِْ جٍُْحُس ‪ٝ‬ذحُطحُ‪٣ ٠‬طْ ج‪ْ٩‬طرؼحو‪.‬‬

‫جُٔٗننٌِس ػُ‪٣‬ننُ‪ ٟ‬جُطحُنند إٔ جٍُْننحُس جٌُٔط‪ٞ‬ذننس ذٗننٌَ نننح‪٠‬ة أ‪ ٝ‬جُٓنن‪ٍ٤‬ز جًُجض‪٤‬ننس جُـٍ‪٣‬رننس‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُـ‪ٓ ٍ٤‬طؼحٌف ػِ‪ٜ٤‬ح ٌذٔح ضٌ‪ ٠ٛ ٕٞ‬جُٓرد ك‪ ٠‬ئْطرؼحو ‪ِ٠‬ري ٌؿْ أٗي ضٔطِي ٓإ‪٬ٛ‬ش‬
‫ٓطؼىوز ٌُ٘ي ُْ ضٓططغ إٔ ضٌٗل‪ٜ‬ح أ‪ ٝ‬ضر‪ٜ٘٤‬ح ‪٘ٛ ٖٓٝ‬ح ضأض‪ ٠‬أ‪٤ٔٛ‬س جٍُْحُس جًُجض‪٤‬س‪.‬‬

‫‪It's a common practice to write the application in two parts:‬‬

‫‪ ٠ٛ‬ػرحٌز ػٖ ضٍٔ‪ ٖ٣‬ػحّ ك‪٤ً ٠‬ل‪٤‬س ًطحذس جٍُْحتَ ك‪ ٠‬ؾُت‪:ٖ٤‬‬

‫‪1- A quite brief letter setting out the main points referred to as‬‬
‫)‪a covering letter used with the C.V (data sheet‬‬

‫أٗص ك‪ ٠‬جُرىج‪٣‬س ضٓطهىّ ٌْحُس ًٍْحتَ جُطـط‪٤‬س ٓهط‪ٍٛ‬ز ضر‪ ٖ٤‬ذ‪ٜ‬ح جُ٘وح‪ ٠‬جٍُت‪٤ٓ٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪ْٝ‬نن٘أض‪ ٠‬ذؼننى هِ‪٤‬ننَ ئُنن‪ ٠‬أٗنن‪ٞ‬جع جُٓنن‪ ٍ٤‬جًُجض‪٤‬ننس ‪ٝ‬أٓػِننس ػِنن‪ ٠‬جُٓنن‪ ٍ٤‬جًُجض‪٤‬ننس جُو‪ٛ‬نن‪ٍ٤‬ز ‪ٝ‬جُٓنن‪ٍ٤‬‬
‫جًُجض‪٤‬س جُط‪ِ٣ٞ‬س ‪.‬‬

‫‪201‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُٓ‪ ٍ٤‬جًُجض‪٤‬س ضهطِق ذانط‪٬‬ف جُؿ‪ٜ‬س جُٔوىٓس ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ح كِ‪ ّ٤‬نطثح إٔ ‪ٌ٣‬ن‪ُ ٕٞ‬نى‪٣‬ي أًػنٍ ٓنٖ‬
‫ٗنن‪ٞ‬ع ٓننٖ جُٓنن‪ ٍ٤‬جًُجض‪٤‬ننس ‪ٌُٝ‬ننٖ ‪٣‬ؿنند إٔ ضط‪ٟ‬ننٖٔ ٗلننّ جُٔؼِ‪ٓٞ‬ننحش ‪ٝ‬جُٔ‪ٞ‬ج‪ٚ‬ننلحش ‪ٝ‬ضٌنن‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫‪ٚ‬حوهس ‪ٝ‬ضؼرٍ ػ٘ي‪.‬‬

‫‪2- The C.V which shows the employer in detail, the‬‬

‫‪qualifications, and the post record of employment it must be‬‬
‫‪neatly arranged and attractively laid out, so that it allows the‬‬
‫‪employer to choose the area about which he might want‬‬
‫‪further data.‬‬

‫جُٔإ‪٬ٛ‬ش ‪ٝ‬جُٓؿَ جُٔح‪ُ٘ ٠ٞ‬لٓني( نرٍجضني ‪ٜٓٝ‬حٌجضني ‪ٝ‬هنىٌجضي) ‪٣‬ؿند إٔ ضؼرنٍ ػ٘‪ٜ‬نح‬
‫ذطٍ‪٣‬وس ؾ‪٤‬ىز ‪ٝ‬ؾًجذس‪.‬‬
‫إرُ ّضتطيع أُ ّىجز مو رىل فْقىه‪:‬‬
‫ػ٘ننىٓح ضٌطنند ٌْننحُطي ذٗننٌَ ؾ‪٤‬ننى ‪ٝ‬ؾننًجخ ‪ٝ‬ضل‪ٛ‬ننَ ٓإ‪٬ٛ‬ضنني ‪ٝ‬نرٍجضنني ْنن‪ٞ‬ف ‪ًٍ٣‬ننُ‬
‫جُٗه‪ ٙ‬جُٔٓطِْ ػِ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُ٘وح‪ٜٗ٧ ٠‬ح ضؼٌّ ٖه‪٤ٛ‬طي‪.‬‬
‫‪٫ٝ‬ذى ٖٓ ئٌْحٍ ٌْحُس ضـط‪٤‬س ضٌ‪ٓ ٕٞ‬هط‪ٍٛ‬ز ‪ٝ‬ؾًجذس ‪ٗٓٝ‬ؿؼس ُونٍجءز ْن‪ٍ٤‬ضي جًُجض‪٤‬نس‪.‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬ذ‪ ًٜٙ‬جُطٍ‪٣‬وس ػُ‪ ُٟ٣‬جُطحُد ْ‪ٞ‬ف ض‪ ٖٟٔ‬ئُ‪ ٠‬قى ٓح إٔ ‪ِ٠‬ري ُٖ ‪ٓ٣‬طرؼى‪.‬‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس ئُ‪ًٛ ٠‬ج جُكى ٌٗطل‪ ٠‬ك‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُكِوس‪ ,‬ػِ‪ ٠‬أَٓ جُِوحء ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِونس جُوحوٓنس‬
‫‪ٝ‬ج‪٧‬ن‪ٍ٤‬ز ٖٓ ٓحوز ٍٓجْ‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬س ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ ,‬ئُ‪ ٠‬يُي جُك‪ ٖ٤‬وٓطْ كن‪ ٠‬قلنع هللا‬
‫‪ٌٝ‬ػح‪٣‬ط‪ٚ‬‬
‫‪ٝ‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ٝ‬ذًٍحش‪.‬‬

‫‪200‬‬
 ‫اىَحبضرح اىخالحىُ‬

‫أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس‪ ,‬جُٓ‪ ّ٬‬ػِ‪ٌ ٝ ٌْ٤‬قٔس هللا ‪ ٝ‬ذًٍحضس‪ .‬أ‪ ٬ْٜٝ ٬ٛ‬ذٌْ ك‪ ٠‬جُكِونس جُػ‪٬‬غن‪ٕٞ‬‬
‫ٓننٖ ٓننحوز ٍٓجْنن‪٬‬ش ضؿحٌ‪٣‬ننس ذحُِـننس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬ننس‪ٗ ٝ .‬طٔ٘ننح ٌُننْ إٔ ضٌ‪ٗٞ‬نن‪ٞ‬ج هننى جْننط‪ٞ‬ػرطْ ‪ٝ‬‬
‫جْطلىضْ ٖٓ ‪ ًٙٛ‬جُٔحوز ‪ ٝ‬جُ٘‪ٛ‬حتف ‪ ٝ‬جُٔ‪٬‬قظحش‪ ٝ .‬ضنًًٍ ػُ‪٣‬نُ‪ ٟ‬جُطحُند ذـن‪ ٝ‬جُ٘ظنٍ‬
‫ػٖ ٓٓط‪ٞ‬جى ك‪ ٠‬جُِـس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس‪ ,‬ك‪ٜ‬نًج ‪٘ٔ٣ ٫‬نغ ػِن‪ ٠‬ج‪٠٩‬ن‪٬‬م إٔ ضنًجًٍ جُٔنحوز ‪ ٝ‬ضًٍنُ‬
‫ػِ‪ ٠‬ذؼ‪ ٝ‬جٌُِٔحش ‪ ٝ‬ضكلظ‪ٜ‬ح ‪٤ً ٝ‬ق ضٓطهىّ ضِي جٌُِٔحش‪ ٝ .‬ضطؼِْ ً‪٤‬ل‪٤‬س ًطحذس جٍُْحتَ‬
‫‪ٓ ٝ‬ح ‪ ٠ٍٖٝ ٠ٛ‬جٍُْحتَ جُؿ‪٤‬ىز‪ ٝ ,‬أٗ‪ٞ‬جع ‪ ٝ‬أٗٔح‪ً ٠‬طحذس جٍُْحتَ‪ .‬غْ ذؼى يُي ً‪٤‬ل‪٤‬س ًطحذس‬
‫جٍُْحتَ ذٌَٗ ‪ٚ‬ك‪٤‬ف ػِ‪ ٠‬أَٓ إٔ ضٌ‪ ًٙٛ ٕٞ‬جُٔحوز ٖٓ جُٔ‪ٞ‬جو جُط‪ْ ٠‬نطل‪٤‬ىى ئٕ ٖنحء هللا‬
‫ك‪ ٠‬جُٔٓطورَ‪ ٝ .‬جػِٔ‪ٞ‬ج أػُجت‪ ٠‬جُطِرس جٌْٗ ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضكطحؾ‪ ٕٞ‬ئُ‪ ًٙٛ ٠‬جُٔحوز ك‪ ٠‬جُٔٓنطورَ‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ضِؿأ‪ٝ‬ج ئُ‪ٜ٤‬ح ذؼى جُطهٍؼ‪ٗ٧ .‬ي ْ‪ٞ‬ف ضكطحؼ ئُ‪ٍٓ ٠‬جؾؼس ً‪٤‬ل‪٤‬نس ًطحذنس جٍُْنحتَ ‪ ٝ‬ضونى‪ْ٣‬‬
‫جُطِرحش ذحُِـس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬س‪ ٝ .‬ذحُ٘ٓرس ُِط‪٬‬خ جُ‪ٟ‬ؼحف ك‪ ٠‬جُِـنس ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نس ك‪ٜ‬نً‪ ٙ‬كٍ‪ٚ‬نس‬
‫إٔ ‪٣‬ونن‪ٞ‬ج ُـنننط‪ ْٜ‬ج‪ٗ٩‬ؿِ‪٣ُ٤‬نننس‪ ٝ .‬أٌؾنن‪ ٞ‬إٔ أًننن‪ٝ ٕٞ‬كونننص كننن‪ٖ ٠‬ننٍـ ‪ٛ‬نننً‪ ٙ‬جُٔنننحوز ذحُطٍ‪٣‬ونننس‬
‫جُٔ٘حْرس‪ .‬كونى قح‪ُٝ‬نص هنىٌ ؾ‪ٜ‬نى‪ ٫ ٝ – ٟ‬أوع جٌُٔنحٍ – إٔ أذٓن‪ٛ ١‬نً‪ ٙ‬جُٔنحوز ‪ ٝ‬أٖنٍق‪ٜ‬ح‬
‫‪٣‬طٍ‪٣‬وس قٍك‪٤‬س ئُ‪ ٠‬قى ٓح‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٝ‬ج‪ٓٗ ٕ٥‬طٌَٔ ٓ‪ٞٞٞ‬ػ٘ح ذٔػحٍ ػٖ ً‪٤‬ل‪٤‬س ضوى‪ ْ٣‬جُطِرحش ‪ ٝ‬جُٓ‪ٍ٤‬ز جًُجض‪٤‬س‪.‬‬
‫‪Example:‬‬
‫‪A brief letter covering the c.v.‬‬
‫‪ٌْ ًٙٛ‬حُس ضـط‪٤‬س ُِٓ‪ٍ٤‬ز جًُجض‪٤‬س‬

‫‪Dear Sir,‬‬
‫‪I‟m applying for the position of executive secretary‬‬
‫‪advertised in Ad-Dustor, 9th march, 1999‬‬
‫‪I have held several responsible secretarial Jobs for a large‬‬
‫‪organization, Based in Amman. The enclosed C.V. gives a more‬‬
‫‪detailed outline of my education and experience.‬‬
‫‪Yours faithfully.‬‬

‫ػُ‪٫( ُٟ٣‬قع جٗص ضىنَ ك‪ ٠‬جُٔ‪ٞٞٞ‬ع ٓرحٍٖز)‬

‫أٗننح أضوننىّ ئُنن‪ٝ ٠‬ظ‪٤‬لننس ْننٌٍض‪ٍ٤‬ز كنن‪٘ٓ ٠‬ظٔننحش ًر‪٤‬ننٍز ٓطًٍٔننُز أ‪ٞٓ ٝ‬ؾنن‪ٞ‬وز كنن‪ ٠‬ػٔننحٕ‪ٝ .‬‬
‫ْنن‪ٍ٤‬ض‪ ٠‬جًُجض‪٤‬ننس ٍٓكوننس أ‪ ٝ‬ذط‪٤‬نن‪ ٚ‬ضؼطنن‪ ٌْ٤‬ضلح‪ٚ‬نن‪ َ٤‬أًػننٍ ػننٖ ػِٔنن‪ٓٓ ٝ ٠‬ننط‪ٞ‬ج‪ٓ ٟ‬ننإ‪٬ٛ‬ض‪٠‬‬
‫جُؼِٔ‪٤‬س ‪ ٝ‬جُهرٍجش جُط‪ ٠‬جُؼِٔ‪٤‬س‬
‫‪202‬‬
 .ٌْ‫وط‬٣‫ى‬ٚ ٝ‫وٌْ أ‬٣‫ى‬ٚ
ٝ ‫ننس‬٤‫ٍز جًُجض‬٤‫ننأ ٓٓننطِْ جٍُْننحُس ُوننٍجءز جُٓنن‬٤ٜ‫ ض‬ٝ ّ‫ننٍز ضوننى‬ٛ‫ ٓهط‬ٝ ‫ٍز‬٤‫نن‬ٛ‫قننع ٌْننحُس ه‬٫
‫ٗطرنحع‬٫‫ٕ ج‬ٞ‫رنىأ ذطٌن‬٣ ٕ‫ أ‬٠‫نس كن‬ٍٚ‫ جُوحٌب جُل‬٠‫ ضؼط‬ٝ ٙ‫ؼس جُٗه‬٤‫ر‬٠ ‫ قى ٓح‬٠ُ‫ضؼٌّ ئ‬
‫ف‬ْٞ ‫س‬٤‫ؿحذ‬٣‫ ج‬٠‫جق‬ٞ٘‫ ذ‬ٝ ‫ ُـس ٓرٓطس‬٠‫ ػ٘ىٓح ضٌطد جٍُْحُس ك‬ٝ .‫ى ػٖ ًحضد جٍُْحُس‬٤‫جُؿ‬
ٝ‫ ػ٘ننى هننحٌب جٍُْننحُس أ‬ٞ‫٘ٔنن‬٣ ٝ ٕٞ‫طٌنن‬٣ ‫ ذننىأ‬ًٟ‫ جُنن‬٢‫ؿننحذ‬٣٩‫ٍ ج‬ٝ٧‫ٗطرننحع ج‬٫‫ ج‬٠‫نن٘ؼٌّ ػِنن‬٣
‫نحوز‬٣َ ٠‫ؼٔنَ ػِن‬٣ ‫ف‬ٞ‫ ًنَ يُني ْن‬ٝ .‫نس‬٤‫ٍز جًُجض‬٤ُٓ‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ ػ‬ٚ‫ػ‬٬٠‫ هرَ ج‬٠‫هحٌب جُطِد قط‬
.َٔ‫ًج جُؼ‬ٛ ٠ِ‫ٍ ػ‬ٞٛ‫ جُك‬٠‫ٔي ك‬ْٜ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫طي‬ٍٚ‫ك‬
The C.V. generally may contain:
:٠‫ض‬٧‫ٖٔ ج‬ٟ‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ّ‫س ذٌَٗ ػح‬٤‫ٍز جًُجض‬٤ُٓ‫ج‬
1- Personal data: date, place of birth, citizenship, marital status,
address etc.
.ٍٙ‫ آن‬٠ُ‫جٕ ئ‬ٞ٘‫س جُؼ‬٤‫ؾطحػ‬٩‫ جُكحُس ج‬,‫٘س‬٠‫ج‬ُٞٔ‫ ج‬,‫و‬٬٤ُٔ‫ّ ج‬ٞ٣ ٝ ٕ‫ ٌٓح‬: ‫س‬٤ٛ‫ٓحش ٖه‬ِٞ‫ٓؼ‬
2- Education: name of college, institute and any courses taken or
degree obtained.
‫ ًٍُٓ جُِٔي ػرىهللا‬ٝ‫س أ‬٤ِٔ‫س ػ‬٤‫ ؾٔؼ‬٠‫ٌجش ك‬ٝ‫ و‬ٟ‫ أ‬ٝ‫ى أ‬ٜ‫ جُٔؼ‬ٝ‫س أ‬٤ٌُِ‫ جْْ ج‬:ْ٤ِ‫جُطؼ‬
.‫ح‬ٜ٤ِ‫ِص ػ‬ٛ‫حوز ق‬ٜٖ ٟ‫ أ‬ٝ‫ أ‬٬‫ ٓػ‬٠ٔ٤ِ‫جُطؼ‬
3- Employment record: name and address, nature of work, name
of position held.
٠‫ ك‬ِٚ‫ ً٘ص ضٗـ‬ًُٟ‫هغ ج‬ُٞٔ‫ ج‬ٝ َٔ‫ جُؼ‬ٝ‫لس أ‬٤‫ظ‬ُٞ‫ ج‬ٝ ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫جُؼ‬ٝ ْْ٧‫ ج‬:٠‫ل‬٤‫ظ‬ُٞ‫جُٓؿَ ج‬
.‫لس‬٤‫ظ‬ُٞ‫ج‬
4- Reference: name of persons (receiver) to whom you are known
for a considerable time and who are ready to testify to your ability,
training and general character (listed at the end).
ٝ َ‫نكحخ ػٔن‬ٚ‫نْ ًأ‬ُٜ ‫ٌٖٔ إٔ ِٗؿأ‬٣ ْٜ‫ْ أٗص ضؼٍك‬ُٜ ٕٞ‫ٍقر‬٣ ٘‫ أْٔحء أٖهح‬:‫جٍُٔجؾغ‬
.)‫س‬٣‫ح‬ُٜ٘‫ ج‬٠‫ي جُؼحٓس (ضٌطد ك‬ٛ‫حت‬ٛ‫ ن‬ٝ ‫د‬٣ٌ‫ جْطؼىجوى ُِطى‬ٝ ‫طي‬٤ِ‫ْ ػٖ هحذ‬ُٜ‫ٗٓأ‬
5- Affiliations: Activities in social originations.
.٠‫ػ‬ٞ‫ جُؼَٔ جُطط‬ٝ ‫ جُٔ٘ظٔحش‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ؾطٔحػ‬٫‫ٗٗطس ج‬٧‫ج‬
6- Publications: foreign language, and any other skills.
.ٍٟ‫حٌجش أن‬ٜٓ ٟ‫ ج‬ٝ ‫ح‬ٛ‫ى‬٤‫ ضؿ‬٠‫س جُط‬٤‫ؾ٘ر‬٧‫ جُِـحش ج‬ٟ‫ أ‬ٝ ‫هحضي‬٬‫ػ‬
The c.v
The C.V. is not a subject for a letter of application but is used to
give clear and systematic information along with the covering
letter.

203
ٝ ‫ٓنحش ٓ٘ظٔنس‬ِٞ‫ ٓؼ‬٠‫نح ضٓنطهىّ ُطؼطن‬ٌُٜ٘ ٝ ‫نق‬٤‫ظ‬ٞ‫ِند جُط‬٠ ‫َ ػٖ ٌْحُس‬٣‫ٓص ذى‬٤ُ ٠ٛ
.٠‫ ضٌل‬٫ ‫ح‬ٛ‫ قى‬ٝ ‫س‬٤‫ٍز جًُجض‬٤ُٓ‫ كح‬.‫س‬٤‫كس ػٖ ذؿحٗد ٌْحُس جُطـط‬ٞ‫ج‬ٝ
Through the c.v. the reader can make what we call the real image
about the person who write the letter. And he knows full
information about the person who gives the application.
.‫س‬٤‫ٍز جًُجض‬٤ُٓ‫س ًطحذس ج‬٤‫ل‬٤ً ‫ف‬ٞٞ٣ ٍ‫ًج ٓػح‬ٛ ٝ

Example how to write C.V.

Personal date:
Name: Hassan Zeyed
Age: 20 years/single
Education:
1984-1987 Al-Amir Hassan secondary school
1987-1999 Amman trading college, Business, practice course
Language:
Excellent Arabic spoken and written
Fluent English spoken and written
Experiences:
1987-1990 part time secretary for National trading co. filling
typing , correspondence.
1990-1992 Aramco purchasing Department.
Special skills:
Driving licence
Affailations:
Jordan development commity
Reference: Mr. Azzam Abo Khaled
Amman Trading College 5207168
Dr. Mohamed Amoura
Amman Trading College 5217169
‫نس‬٤‫ٍز يجض‬٤ُٓ ٍ‫ ٓػح‬ًٜٙ‫ ك‬.‫جقىز ٌٓطِٔس‬ٝ ‫لكس‬ُٛ ‫س‬٤‫ٍز يجض‬٤ْ ‫ًػٍ ٖٓ جُٔإْٓحش ضطِد ٓ٘ي‬
.‫ٍز‬ٛ‫ٓهط‬
ٝ ‫نلكس‬ٚ ٖ‫ ٓنٖ أًػنٍ ٓن‬ٝ ‫كس‬٣ٍ‫ٕ ٓنٖ أًػنٍ ٓنٖ ٖن‬ٞ‫ُس ضطٌن‬ٞ‫س ٓط‬٤‫ٍز يجض‬٤ُٓ ٍ‫ٕ ٓػح‬٥‫ ج‬ٝ
‫نحش‬ٜ‫ جُؿ‬٠‫نح ئُن‬ٜ‫طونىّ ذ‬٣ ّ٣ٌ‫ثنس ضنى‬٤ٛ ٞ‫ن‬ٟ‫ جٍُْنحُس ُؼ‬ًٙ‫ن‬ٛ ٝ .‫نس‬ٚ‫ػحش نح‬ٞ‫ن‬ٞٞٓ ٠‫ضـط‬
)ٚ‫ ٓح ٖحذ‬ٝ ‫ جُؿحٓؼحش‬ٝ ‫حش‬٤ٌُِ‫هس (ج‬٬‫يجش جُؼ‬
204
 c.v

Personal Data:
Name: Ghleb Mohammed Mohammed Al-Bostangy.
Gender: male
Marital status: Married
Nationality: Jordanian
Religion: Islam
Place & Date of birth: Thannieh on the 18th of December
1958.
Correspondence Address: Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn saud
Islamic University
Faculty of Economics and Admistraticve scinces
P.o Box 5701- Alriad 11432
Mobile: 55-966-595310967
E-mail:galab.mu1958@yahoo.com

Summary of Qualifications
- wide experience in teaching all levels of undergraduate classes
covering intensive courses in general Business and marketing as
well as specialized departmental programs.
- Wide experience in teaching postgraduate subjects in the field of
business and marketing.
- Extensive experience in performing R&D project in the field of
operation research, marketing, management, project management,
product management, engineering, and construction services
marketing.
- Total quality management. Human resources management and
internal and interactive marketing.

205
Academic background:
* Ph. D degree in marketing from Amman Arab university for
graduate studies 2006/2007 with an average of (3.70 out of 4.00)
rating (excellent).
* Master degree in business administration (MBA), from Jordan
University. Jordan, 2001/2002 with accumulative average of 3.5
with very good.
* Bachelor of business administration from Mu‟tah University,
Jordan 97/98 with a cumulative average of 84.7 with excellent.
And a certificate from the department of admission and
registration at Mu‟tah University certifies that my standing was
the first among all students who graduates at the same academic
year.
* Associate degree (diploma) of three year program in mechanical
engineering, Al Balqa Applied University Amman, 1980.

Work and Experience

* August 2009 up to date / Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic
Assistance professor.
* August 2007 to 2009 Zarqa private university Jordan assistant
professor during this period I have taught various business and
marketing modules such as;
- Production management
- Operations research
- Marketing management
- Principles of management
- Marketing resources
- Distribution management
- Principle of marketing
- Quantitative methods in marketing
- Sales management
- Business administration (2)
- Human resources management
- Services marketing
206
- Industrial marketing
- Marketing and strategies
- Marketing of banking
- Computer application in marketing

* August 2007 to August 2009, Hahsemia university, Jordan,

parte-time lecturer in the department of business and marketing
modules in English language such as:
- Production and operation management
- Operations research
- Small business management
- Restaurants management
- Projects management

* August 2001 to August 2009, Arab Academic for financial and

banking science, Jordan part-time lecturer in the department of
business and marketing. During this period I have taught various
business and marketing modules in English language for post
graduate students such as;
Advance marketing management
Total quality management

* From 2 / 2003 to August 2007 Mu‟tah university, Jordan. Full-

time lecturer in the department of business and marketing. During
this period I have taught various business and marketing modules
such as;
- Operations research
- Production management
- Marketing management
- Principles of management
- Public relations in business
- Math and statistics in business
- Consumer behavior
- Electronic marketing
207
- Planning and developing products
- Marketing researches
- Distribution management
- Tourism marketing
- Principles of marketing
- Quantitative methods in marketing sales management.

* from 15 / 2 / 2003 to August 2009 work as accountant for

several companies and institute in several related field like
development and reinstructing organization, human resources
managements and quality assurance, internal and interactive
marketing, strategic and marketing plan, …. Etc.

* From 25 / 11 / 2001 to 15 / 2 / 2003 laps chairperson in

engineering faculty, Mu‟tah University, Jordan.

* From 1 / 9 / 87 to 25 / 2001 lap supervisor in engineering

faculty, Mu‟tah University.

* From 1 / 6 / 82 to 1 / 9 / 87 supervisor in operation and

production management, quality assurance division, Arab potash
co. Jordan.

* From 2 / 80 to 6 / 82 military service in the Jordanian Military

Force.

Language skills
* Excellent command of spoken, writing, and reading English
besides my first Native Arabic language.

Computer skills
* Certificate in icdl in Cairo lunic co.
* Ability to use spss.

208
Training courses:
* Improve faculty performance, 18 credit hours (Mu‟tah
University).
* Electronic learning with using (moodle) system in developing
and quality assurance unit 12 arqa private university.

Activities
* Member in several academic administrative committees in
Mu‟tah University.
* Member in several academic administrative committees in Zarqa
Private University.
* Member in marketing department board in Zarqa Private
University.
* Marketing department coordinator in Zarqa Private University.
* Member in environmental protection association
* Member in consumer protection association.
* Member in Jordanian construction association.
* Member in several nonprofit and voluntary associations.
* Member in Alqasem co. for contracts board.
* Participate in several scientific administrative and engineering
seminars and conferences.

Profile:
Able to learn new skills. Searching for up to date knowledge.
Friendly, comprehensive, and self motivated person.

Published paper
‫أثحبث ٍْشىرح‬
* Bostanji, Ghaleb (2008) impact of the application form (7.2) to
milkens on the performance of corporate marketing department
Jordan industrial / applied study publication, sixth scientific
conference.

209
6-7 May 2008 to Zarqa Private University, „issues‟ contemporary
economic and administrative in the early twenty first century,
challenge, opportunites, per spectives”
* Bostanji, Ghaleb (2009) “Actual Usage of Marketing Strategies”
by companies of the Hordanian construction sector and its effect
in the level on their performance.
* University of Sharjah journal of humanities and social sciences,
vol. 6, No. 3 October 2009 AD.ISSN: 1996-2339

:٠ِ٣ ‫قع ٓح‬٬‫ؿد إٔ ض‬٣ ٌُٖ ٝ ‫ذس‬ِٞ‫س جُٔط‬٤‫ٍز جًُجض‬٤ُٓ‫ص ٖٓ ج‬٤ٜ‫ٕ هى جٗط‬ٌٞ‫ًٌج ض‬ٛ ٝ
Work and ٠‫ ًنًُي كن‬ٝ ّ‫هى‬٧‫ ج‬٠ُ‫قىظ ئ‬٧‫ ذى إٔ ضرىأ ٖٓ ج‬٫ Education ْ٤ِ‫ جُطؼ‬٠‫ك‬
٫‫نَ ج‬ٟ‫ل‬٣ ٝ َ‫هن‬٧‫ ج‬٠‫نس ئُن‬٤ُ‫ ٖٓ جُهرنٍجش جُكح‬ٝ ‫س‬٤ُ‫قىجظ جُكح‬٧‫ ضرىأ ٖٓ ج‬Experience
.‫س‬٤ُُ٘ٓ‫ جُهرٍجش جُلطٍجش ج‬٠‫٘حى جٗوطحع ك‬ٛ ٌٕٞ٣
ًًٍ‫ؿند إٔ ضن‬٣ ‫٘نس ُنًُي‬٤‫ ٓنحوز ٓؼ‬ٝ‫ٖ أ‬٤‫ ًٍٖس ضركع ػنٖ هٓنْ ٓؼن‬ٝ‫٘س أ‬٤‫س ٓؼ‬ٜ‫حٗح ؾ‬٤‫* أق‬
.‫ح‬ٜ٘‫ ضطو‬٠‫جو جُط‬ُٞٔ‫غ ج‬٤ٔ‫ ؾ‬ٝ ّ‫هٓح‬٧‫غ ج‬٤ٔ‫ؾ‬
‫ش‬٬‫ننٍز ٓننٖ ٓننحوز ٍٓجْنن‬٤‫ن‬٧‫ننس جُكِوننس ج‬٣‫ح‬ٜٗ ٠‫ننِ٘ح ئُنن‬ٚٝ ‫ٕ هننى‬ٞ‫ٕ ٌٗنن‬٥‫ ج‬,‫ جُطِرننس‬٠‫أػُجتنن‬
ٌْ٘‫ ٓن‬ٞ‫ أؾن‬ٝ .‫ جُٔحوز‬ًٙٛ ٍٜ‫ ػ‬٠‫كوص ك‬ٝ ‫ٕ هى‬ًٞ‫ إٔ أ‬ٞ‫ أٌؾ‬ٝ .‫س‬٣ُ٤ِ‫ٗؿ‬٩‫س ذحُِـس ج‬٣ٌ‫ضؿح‬
‫جو‬ٞ‫ ٓن‬٠‫ جُِونحء كن‬٠‫ ئُن‬ٝ .‫ٖ قِونس جُٓنحذوس‬٤‫غ‬٬‫ٍ جُػ‬٬‫ح ٌُْ ن‬ٜ‫ هىٓط‬٠‫حتف جُط‬ُٛ٘‫ج ج‬ًًٍٝ‫إٔ ضط‬
ّ٬‫ جُٓن‬ٝ ٌْ‫نن ٖنٌٍج ُكٓنٖ جْنطٔحػ‬٤‫ك‬ٞ‫ جُط‬ٝ ‫ح ٌُْ جُ٘ؿنحـ‬٤٘ٔ‫ ٓط‬.٠ُ‫ ئٕ ٖحء هللا ضؼح‬ٍٟ‫أن‬
.ٚ‫ ذًٍحض‬ٝ ‫ ٌقٔس هللا‬ٝ ٌْ٤ِ‫ػ‬

221
 GLOSSARY

Advantage ‫ُز‬٤ٓ
Advertisement ٕ٬‫ئػ‬
Abbreviations ‫حٌجش‬ٛ‫ئنط‬
Administration ‫ئوجٌز‬
Assistant ‫ٓٓحػى‬
Association ‫س‬٤‫ؾٔؼ‬
Advance marketing management ‫ن جُٔطوىٓس‬٣ٞٓ‫ئوجٌز جُط‬
Alternatives َ‫ذىجت‬
Address ٕ‫ج‬ٞ٘‫جُؼ‬
Attention ‫س‬٣‫ ػ٘ح‬, ٙ‫ئٗطرح‬
Appearance ٍٜ‫ٓظ‬
Avoid ‫طؿ٘د‬٣
Authority ‫ِْطس‬
Allow ‫ٓٔف‬٣
According to ‫روح ُـ‬٠
Arrive َٛ٣
At least َ‫ه‬٧‫ ج‬٠ِ‫ػ‬
Attractive ‫ؾًجخ‬

Bill of exchange ‫حُس‬٤‫جٌُٔر‬

Business ٍ‫أػٔح‬
Bank ‫جُر٘ي‬
Buyer ٍٟ‫جُٔٗط‬
Benefit ‫ٓ٘لؼس‬
Branches ‫ع‬ٍٝ‫ك‬
Brief ٍٛ‫ٓهط‬
Board ‫٘س‬٤‫ْطف جُٓل‬
Contract ‫ػوى‬
Company ‫ًٍٖس‬
220
Cover ٠‫ـط‬٣
Computer applications ‫س‬٤‫ذ‬ْٞ‫وحش قح‬٤‫ضطر‬
Committee ‫ُؿ٘س‬
Common ‫ ٖحتغ‬, ّ‫ػح‬
Certificate ‫حوز‬ٜٖ
C.V ‫س‬٤‫ٍز جًُجض‬٤ُٓ‫ج‬
Certificate of origin ‫حوز جُٔ٘ٗأ‬ٜٖ
The core of the letter ‫ٍ جٍُْحُس‬ٛٞ‫ؾ‬
Communication ٍ‫ح‬ٛ‫ئض‬
Correspondences ‫ش‬٬ْ‫ٍٓج‬
Customer َ٤ٔ‫ ػ‬, ٕٞ‫َذ‬
Confusing ٍ٤‫ئٌذحى ٓك‬
Classification ‫ق‬٤٘ٛ‫ض‬
Care ّ‫طٔح‬ٛ‫ ئ‬, ‫س‬٣‫ػ٘ح‬
Concept ّٜٞ‫ٓل‬
Cheque ‫ي‬٤ٖ
Check ‫ٍجؾغ‬٣ , ٙ‫لك‬٣
Copy ‫ٗٓهس‬
Current ٌٟ‫ جُؿح‬, ٠ُ‫جُكح‬
Convincing ‫ئه٘حع‬
Confirm ‫إًى‬٣
Commercial ‫س‬٣ٌ‫ضؿح‬

Date Of birth ‫و‬٬٤ُٔ‫ّ ج‬ٞ٣

Data ‫حٗحش‬٤‫ذ‬
Design ْ٤ٔٛ‫ض‬
Damage ‫ نٍجخ‬, ٍ٤ٓ‫ضى‬
Difference ‫كٍم‬
Date ‫م‬٣ٌ‫جُطح‬
Dear ُٟ٣ُ‫ػ‬
Department ‫ وجتٍز‬, ْٓ‫ه‬
222
Desire ‫ٌؿرس‬
Discount ْٛ‫ن‬
Device ‫ جوجز‬, ‫ِس‬٤ْٝ
Documents ‫غحتن‬ٝ
Description ‫ق‬ٚٝ
Driver ‫ْحتن‬
Delivery note ‫ى‬٣ٌٞ‫ئٖؼحٌ جُط‬
Details َ٤ٚ‫ضلح‬

Embassy ‫ْلحٌز‬
Encourage ‫ٗؿغ‬٣
‫ٓـًًَف‬
Envelope
Experiences ‫جُهرٍجش‬
Education ْ٤ِ‫جُطؼ‬
Environment ‫ثس‬٤‫ذ‬
Engineering ‫٘ىْس‬ُٜ‫ج‬
E-mail ٠ٍٗٝ‫ٌُط‬٩‫ى ج‬٣ٍ‫جُر‬
Economic ٟ‫حو‬ٛ‫ئهط‬
Export ٍ٣‫ى‬ٛ‫ض‬
Factory ‫٘غ‬ٛٓ
Faculty ‫س‬٤ًِ
Field َ‫ قو‬,ٍ‫ٓؿح‬
Form ٌَٖ
Firm ‫ًٍٖس‬
Filling ‫ٌٖلس‬٧‫ج‬
Feature ‫س‬٤ٚ‫نح‬
Facilities ‫ش‬٬٤ٜٓ‫ض‬
Feedback ْ‫ جُىػ‬,‫س ٌجؾؼس‬٣ً‫ضـ‬
First enquiry ‫ٍ ٍٓز‬ٝ٧ ّ٬‫ْطؼ‬٩‫ج‬
Foreign trade ‫س‬٤‫جُطؿحٌز جُهحٌؾ‬
223
Governments ‫ٓحش‬ٌٞ‫ق‬
General ّ‫ػح‬
Gender ‫ع‬ُٞ٘‫ج‬
Goods ‫حتغ‬ٟ‫جُر‬
General performance ّ‫وجء جُؼح‬٧‫ج‬
Goal ٍٜ‫ ؿ‬, ‫ىف‬ٛ

Human resource ‫س‬٣ٍٗ‫ جُر‬ٟٞ‫جُو‬

Headlines ,‫س‬٤ٓ٤‫ جٍُت‬٠‫جُ٘وح‬

Include ٖٟٔ‫ط‬٣ , َٔٗ٣

Information ‫ٓحش‬ِٞ‫ٓؼ‬
Interview ‫س‬٤ٛ‫ٓوحذِس ٖه‬
International fairs ‫س‬٤ُٝ‫ جُى‬ٌٜ‫جُٔؼح‬
Indicate ٠ُ‫ٍ ئ‬٤ٗ٣
Institute ‫ى‬ٜ‫ٓؼ‬
Invoice ‫ٌز‬ٞ‫كحض‬
import ‫ٍجو‬٤‫جْط‬
Intensive ‫ٌٓػق‬
Impression ‫ئٗطرحع‬
Insurance ٖ٤ٓ‫ جُطأ‬,ٕ‫ٔح‬ُٟ‫ج‬
Involved in ‫ ذـ‬١‫ ٍٓضر‬, ٠‫ ك‬٠ٍ‫ٓ٘ه‬
Industrial ٠‫٘حػ‬ٚ

Job ‫لس‬٤‫ظ‬ٝ
Languages ‫جُِـحش‬
Lecturer ٍٞ‫ٓكح‬
Large ْ‫ه‬ٞ
Letter ‫ٌْحُس‬
Level ٟٞ‫ٓٓط‬
224
Letter of credit ‫ػطٔحو‬٩‫ٌْحُس ج‬

Male ًٍ‫ي‬
Marital status ‫س‬٤‫ؾطٔحػ‬٩‫جُكحُس ج‬
Misunderstanding ْٜ‫ء جُل‬ْٞ
Mail ‫ى‬٣ٍ‫ذ‬
Margins ٕٓ‫ج‬ٞٛ
Management ‫ئوجٌز‬
Marketing ‫ن‬٣ٞٓ‫جُط‬
Military ‫ى‬٤٘‫ جُطؿ‬, ‫س‬٣‫جُؿ٘ى‬
Minister ٍ٣َٝ
Magazine ‫ٓؿِس‬
Method ‫وس‬٣ٍ٠

Named ‫ جُؼوى‬٠‫ ك‬ٚ٤ِ‫٘ ػ‬ٞٛ٘ٓ ٝ‫ أ‬٠ٔٓٓ

Nature ‫ؼس‬٤‫ر‬٠
Newspaper ‫جُؿٍجتى‬
Nationality ‫س‬٤ٓ٘‫ؾ‬
ً ‫ح‬٤‫ِْر‬
Negatively
Need ‫قحؾس‬

Orders ‫حش‬٤‫ِر‬٠
Owner ‫ٓحُي‬
Operations research ‫حش‬٤ِٔ‫ظ جُؼ‬ٞ‫ذك‬
Opening ‫س‬٤‫ئكططحق‬

Paragraph ‫كوٍز‬
Place of birth ‫و‬٬٤ُٔ‫ٌٓحٕ ج‬
Part-time ٠‫ ؾُت‬,‫هص‬ُٞ‫ؾُء ٖٓ ج‬
Payment ‫جُىكغ‬
225
Permanent ْ‫وجت‬
Product ‫ٓ٘طؽ‬
Period ‫كطٍز‬
Principles ‫ٓرحوب‬
Positively ‫ح‬٤‫ؿحذ‬٣‫ئ‬
Practice ٖ٣ٍٔ‫ض‬
Personal ٠ٛ‫ٖه‬
Production & operations management ‫حش‬٤ِٔ‫جُؼ‬ٝ ‫ٗطحؼ‬٩‫ئوجٌز ج‬
Proper way ‫وس ٓ٘حْرس‬٣ٍ٠
Proforma invoice ‫س‬٤ُٝ٧‫ٌز ج‬ٞ‫جُلحض‬
Price list ٌ‫هحتٔس أْؼح‬
Packing list ‫ق‬٤ِ‫ جُطـ‬٠ِ‫ٕ ػ‬ٌٞ‫ض‬ٝ ٖ‫حػس جُٔؼىز ُِٗك‬ٟ‫هحتٔس جُر‬
Projects management ‫غ‬٣ٌ‫ئوجٌز جُٔٗح‬
Purchasing ‫جٍُٗجء‬

Quotation ٌ‫ْؼح‬٧‫ ج‬ٍٜٝ‫ػ‬

Quantities ‫حش‬٤ًٔ
Represent ٖ‫ ضؼرٍ ػ‬, ّ‫ضوى‬
Relationship ‫هس‬٬‫ػ‬
Rule ‫هحػىز‬
Receiver ِْ‫جُٔٓط‬
References ‫جٍُٔجؾغ‬
Religion ‫حٗس‬٣‫جُى‬
Restaurants management ْ‫ئوجٌز جُٔطحػ‬
Recognize ُ٤ٔ٣ , ‫ىٌى‬٣
Responsible for ٖ‫ٍ ػ‬ٞ‫ٓٓث‬

Sales ‫ؼحش‬٤‫جُٔر‬
Salutation ‫س‬٤‫جُطك‬
Semi-personal ٠ٌْٔ ٚ‫ٖر‬
Sector ْٓ‫ ه‬,‫هطحع‬
226
Signature ‫غ‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫جُط‬
Sciences Sales ِّٞ‫ػ‬
Skill ‫حٌز‬ٜٓ
Small business management ‫ٍز‬٤‫ـ‬ُٛ‫ػحش ج‬ٍُٝٗٔ‫ئوجٌز ج‬
Specially ‫س‬ٚ‫نح‬
Specific number ‫ٌهْ ٓكىو‬
Seller ‫جُرحتغ‬
Strategic ‫س‬٤‫ؿ‬٤‫جْطٍجض‬
Source ٌ‫ى‬ٛٓ
Standard ٌٟ‫ح‬٤‫ ٓؼ‬, ٠ْ‫ح‬٤‫ه‬
Safe ٖٓ‫آ‬
Service ‫نىٓس‬
Stockroom ُٕ‫ٓه‬
Stamp ‫حذغ‬٠
Supplier ‫و‬ُٝٓ
Statement of account ‫ًٗق جُكٓحخ‬

Trader ٍ‫ضحؾ‬
Trade ‫ضؿحٌز‬
Trade associations ‫س‬٣ٌ‫جُ٘وحذحش جُطؿح‬
Total quality management ‫وز جُٗحِٓس‬ٞ‫ئوجٌز جُؿ‬
University ‫ؾحٓؼس‬
Urgent َ‫ ٓٓطؼؿ‬, ‫غ‬٣ٍْ
Volume ْ‫قؿ‬

Various ‫ٓطؼىو‬
Valuable ْ٤‫ه‬
Vital ٟٞ٤‫ق‬
Weight َُٕٞ‫ج‬
Written ‫خ‬ٞ‫ٌٓط‬

227