GROUP 4

terms
Philippine Treaty Limits
The treaties have resulted to form a rectangular
boundary of the Philippines from Batanes down
to Sulu Islands of Mindanao
Territorial Waters (sea)
Refers to the area of water that extends 12
nautical miles from the baseline of a coastal
state and is considered its sovereign territory.

Contiguous
covers that part ofZone
the sea (CZ)
24 nautical miles from
the baseline.

Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)

covering up to 200 nautical miles from the same
baselines

Continental Shelf (CS)

natural prolongation of the landmass of a State
under the sea Philippine Map depicting LOSC mariti
 Philippine National Territory
Archipelago of more than 7,100 islands in the
1
South China Sea
Land area of 298,170 square kilometers
2
Coastline of over 36,000 kilometers
3
4
Bounded by the Pacific Ocean on the east, the Celebes
Sea and Bornean waters on the south,
China Sea on the west and north.
and the South

5
In the form of a vast rectangle, measuring 600 miles
(966 km) in width and more than 1,200 miles (1,932
km) in length.
 internal criticism
•
He published 32 journals, including The Philippine Treaty Limits in
Territorial Water Claim in International Law, 6 chapters, and 2 conference
papers between 2007-2018.

His areas of research include territorial & maritime boundary issues in the
Asia-Pacific, the South China Sea, Philippine maritime & territorial issues,
maritime piracy &terrorism, international humanitarian law, underwater
cultural heritage, and international environmental law.

• Bachelor of Arts in Political Science (cum laude)

•
Bachelor of Laws degrees from the University of the Philippines
• Master of Laws (Marine and Environmental Law) degree from Dalhousie
University in Canada
• Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in law from the University of Wollongong
Lowell B. Bautista •
Head of Students at the School of Law and a Staff Member at the
Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security (ANCORS),
Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts, University of Wollongong
 external criticism

The Philippine Treaty Limits and Territorial Water Claim in International Law
1
was published by Lowell B. Bautista.

2
The language used is English.

The authenticity of this law is very authentic since

it’s a law. 3

4
It is written as a proposition on the philippine national
territory and the maritime border of the Philippines.
 events

1898 1900 1930 1935

Treaty of
Paris
(between United Treaty between Convention between First
States & Spain)
Spain and United United States &
Great Britain
Philippine
States for Cession Constitutio
delimiting the
of Outlying
Islands of the
boundary between n
Philippines 1984
the Philippine
Archipelago & State 1988
1955 1958 & of North Borneo

Assertion and 1960 Philippine Philippine

Conference LOSC harmonizing the 1
recognition of domestic
the Philippine Declaration legislation with
the provision of
 people

● Franklin Roosevelt—certified the first

Philippine Constitution.
● Jayewardene
● Bouchez
● Antunes
 It is historically and factually inaccurate
to declare that the Philippine claim of
territory has not found recognition
outside the Philippines.

The maritime and territorial boundaries

claimed by the Philippines as defined in
its Treaty Limits pre-dated the LOSC
by over a century.

International law allows the Philippines

h to lay claim to the waters within the
Treaty Limits on the basis of historic
Boundaries of Philippines right of title
i
 relevance

Territory Claims

1. West Philippine Sea

2. Spratly Islands
3. Scarborough Shoal 
5. “Philippines”
4. Benham Rise
Province of China West Spratly
products in Manila Philippine Islands
Sea
 relevance
Chinese
Reclamatio Benham
n& Rise
Philippine
Structures
comparison
in Spratly
Islands
Scarboroug “Philippine
h/ Panatag s” Province
Shoal of China
products in
Manila
Estayola, Jan Raphael
Esteban, Angelo Maurice
Macadat, Dan
Maguiza, Trixi Anne
Morales, Roean Miguel