DEFINITION OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

In general sense Training means giving new or present employees the skills they
need to perform their jobs. Training and development refers to the imparting of
specific skills, abilities and knowledge to an employee. A formal definition oft
raining & development is� it is any attempt to improve current or future employees
performance by increasing an employee�s ability to perform through learning,
usually by changing the employee�s attitude or increasing his or her skills and
knowledge. The need for training & development is determined by the employee�s
performance deficiency, computed as follows:
Training & Development need = Standard performance � Actual performance.
It is a learning process that involves the acquisition of knowledge, sharpening of
skills, concepts, rules, or changing of attitudes and behaviors to enhance the
performance of employees. �Training consists of planed programs undertaken to
improve employee knowledge, skills, attitude, and social behavior so that the
performance of the organization improves considerably.� Training is normally viewed
as a short process. It is applied to technical staff, lower, middle, senior level
management. When applied to lower and middle management staff it is called as
training and for senior level it is called managerial development program/executive
development program/development program .So from the above discussion we can say
that,
Training is a systematic development of the knowledge, skills and attitudes
required by employees to perform adequately on a given task or job.

WHY TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT ?

Human resources are the most valuable assets of any organization, with the
machines, materials and even the money; nothing gets done without man-power. The
effectiveness and success of an organization therefore lies on the people who form
and work within the organization. It follows therefore that the employees in an
organization to be able to perform their duties and make meaningful contributions
to the success of the organizational goals need to acquire the relevant skills and
knowledge. In appreciation of this fact, organization like educational institution,
conduct final training and development programs for the different levels of their
man power. Training and development program is vital for an organization because
of the following reason:
1. Improving quality of work force:
Training and development help companies to improve the quality of work done by
their employees. Training programs concentrate on specific areas. There by
improving the quality of work in that area.
2. Enhance employee growth:
Every employee who takes development program becomes better at his job. Training
provides perfection and required practice, therefore employee�s area able to
develop them professionally.

3. Prevents obsolescence:
Through training and development the employee is up to date with new technology
and the functions.
4. Assisting new comer:
Training and development programs greatly help new employees to get accustomed to
new methods of working, new technology, the work culture of the company etc.
5. Bridging the gap between planning and implementation:
Plans made by companies expect people to achieve certain targets within certain
time limit with certain quality for this employee
performance has to be accurate and perfect. Training helps in achieving accuracy
and perfection
6. Health and safety measures:
Training and development program clearly identifies and teaches employees about
the different risk involved in their job, the different problems that can arise
and how to prevent such problems. This helps to improve the health and safety
measures in the company.
7. increasing Efficiency and effectiveness:
The training and development program makes the employees more skill and competent
so that they can perform better than the previous time with more efficiently and
effectively.

8. Improve productivity:
Overall productivity of the organization is increasing due to the increasing of
efficiency. Training and development program provide necessary skill toper form a
job more efficiently.
9. Competitive advantages:
Training & Development offers competitive advantage to a firm by removing
performance deficiencies; making employees stay long; minimize accidents, scraps
and damage; and meeting future employee needs.

So Training and development is part and parcel for every organization for both new
and current employees. Training and development is a good way to ensure employees
in every organization understand what business and company is in what condition
and keeps updated on the skills they need to posses to perform their day to day job
so it brings in confidence and improves performance