NAMA :

KELAS :
TARIKH :

EKSPERIMEN 1.2: KESAN KEPEKATAN LARUTAN TERHADAP KADAR

TINDAK BALAS
EXPERIMENT 1.2: THE EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTION ON THE
RATE OF REACTION

Sodium thiosulphate reacts with sulphuric acid based on the following equation.
Natrium tiosulfat bertindak balas dengan asid sulfurik berdasarkan persamaan di bawah:

Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + S + SO2 + H2O

Based on the above equation, you are required to carry out an experiment how the
concentration of sodium thiosulphate may affect the rate of reaction.
Berdasarkan persamaan di atas, anda dikehendaki menjalankan eksperimen bagaimana
kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat boleh mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.

Kemudian, anda dikehendaki menyediakan laporan eksperimen itu. Laporan eksperimen anda
haruslah mengandungi:
You are required to prepare a report for the experiment. Your report should include the
following:

 Tajuk
Title
 Tujuan eksperimen
Aim of the experiment
 Pernyataan masalah
Problem of statement
 Pemboleh ubah
Variables
(i) Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan
Manipulated variable
(ii) Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas
Responding variable
(iii) Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan
Fixed variable
 Hipotesis
Hyphotesis
 Radas dan bahan
Apparatus and Materials
 Rajah
Diagram
 Prosedur
Procedure
 Keputusan eksperimen
 Results of the experiment
 Analisis dan Mentafsir data
Analysing and Intrepreting Data

Dalam laporan anda, soalan berikut boleh dijadikan panduan perbincangan.

In your report, the following questions can be used as guidelines for discussion.

1. Plot a graph of:

Plotkan graf:
(i) Kepekatan Na2S2O3 melawan masa
Concentration of Na2S2O3 against time
(ii) Kepekatan Na2S2O3 melawan 1/masa
Concentration of Na2S2O3 against 1/time
2. Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas di antara asid sulfurik dan
natrium tiosulfat.
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sulphuric acid and
sodium thiosulphate.
3. Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas di antara asid sulfurik dan natrium tiosulfat.
Write an ionic equation for the reaction between sulphuric acid and sodium
thiosulphate.
4. Nyatakan zarah-zarah yang berlanggar di dalam eksperimen ini.
State the colliding particles in this experiment.
5. Berdasarkan graf kepekatan melawan masa, nyatakan hubungan di antara kepekatan
larutan dan masa yang di ambil.
Based on the graph of concentration against time, state the relationship between
concentration of solution and the time taken.
6. Berdasarkan graf kepekatan melawan 1/masa, nyatakan hubungan di antara kepekatan
larutan dan 1/masa.
Based on the graph of concentration against 1/time, state the relationship between
concentration of solution and 1/time.
7. Apakah yang di maksudkan dengan 1/masa?
What is meant by 1/time?
8. Nyatakan hubungan di antara kepekatan bahan dan kadar tindak balas.
State the relationship between concentration dan rate of reaction.
9. Bandingkan kadar tindak balas di antara eksperimen I dan V. Terangkan jawapan
anda berdasarkan teori perlanggaran.
Compare the rate of reaction between experiment I and V. Explain your answer based
on collision theory.
10. Tulis satu langkah berjaga-jaga semasa menjalankan eksperimen ini.
Write one safety precaution when doing this experiment.

 Conclusion
Kesimpulan
EXPERIMENT 1.2: THE EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTION ON THE
RATE OF REACTION
EKSPERIMEN 1.2: KESAN KEPEKATAN LARUTAN TERHADAP KADAR TINDAK
BALAS

Tajuk : Kesan kepekatan larutan terhadap kadar tindak balas

Title : The effect of concentration of solution on the rate of reaction

Tujuan eksperimen : Menentukan kesan kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat

Aim of the experiment : terhadap kadar tindak balas
To determine the effect of concentration of sodium
thiosulphate solution on the rate of reaction

Pernyataan masalah : Bagaimanakah kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat boleh

Problem of statement : mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas?
How does the concentration of sodium thiosulphate affect the
rate of reaction?

Pemboleh ubah : Dimanipulasikan: kepekatan natrium tiosulfat

Variables Manipulated: concentration of sodium thiosulphate
Bergerak balas: Kadar tindak balas
Responding: Rate of reaction
Dimalarkan: Isi padu dan kepekatan asid sulfurik
Constant: Volume and concentration of sulphuric acid

Hipotesis : Semakin tinggi kepekatan natrium tiosulfat, semakin tinggi

Hyphotesis kadar tindak balas.
The higher the concentration of sodium thiosulphate, the
higher the rate of reaction.

Radas dan bahan : Bahan-bahan: 0.2 mol dm-3 natrium tiosulfat, 1.0 mol dm-3
Apparatus and Materials : asid sulfurik, air suling dan kertas putih dengan tanda "X"
Materials: 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate, 1.0 mol dm-3
sulphuric acid, distilled water and white paper with mark “X”
Radas: silinder penyukat (10 cm3 dan 100 cm3), kelalang kon
(150 cm3), jam randik
Apparatus: Measuring cylinder(10 cm3 and 100 cm3), conical
flask (150 cm3), stopwatch
Rajah :
Diagram :

Prosedur : 1. 50 cm3 larutan natrium tiosulfat 0.2 mol dm-3 disukat

Procedure : dengan silinder penyukat 50 cm3 dan dituang ke dalam
sebuah kelalang kon.
50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution is
measured using a 50 cm3 measuring cylinder and is poured
into a conical flask.
2. Kelalang kon diletakkan di atas sekeping kertas putih yang
bertanda ‘X’ di bahagian tengah.
The conical flask is placed on top of a piece of white paper
with mark ‘X’ at the centre.
3. 5 cm3 larutan asid sulfurik 1.0 mol dm-3 disukat dengan
silinder penyukat 10 cm3.
5 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid solution is measured
using 10 cm3 measuring cylinder.
4. Asid sulfurik dituangkan dengan cepat dan cermat ke
dalam kelalang kon yang berisi larutan natrium tiosulfat.
Pada masa yang sama, mulakan jam randik.
The sulphuric acid is poured quickly and carefully into the
conical flask containing sodium thiosulphate solution. At
the same time, start the stopwatch.
5. Kelalang kon digoncangkan beberapa kali dan letakkan
semula di atas kertas putih bertanda ‘X’.
The conical flask is swirl for a few times and placed back
on the white paper with mark ‘X’.
6. Jam randik diberhentikan sebaik sahaja tanda ‘X’ tidak
kelihatan dan masa yang diambil direkodkan.
The stopwatch is stopped once the mark ‘X’ disappears
from sight and the time taken is recorded.
7. Langkah 1 hingga 6 diulang dengan mencairkan larutan
natrium tiosulfat dengan isi padu air suling yang
ditunjukkan dalam jadual.
Step 1 to 6 is repeated by diluting sodium thiosulphate
solution using different volume of distilled water as shown
in the table.

Penjadualan data Eksperimen

I II III IV V
Tabulation of data Experiment
 Isipadu H2SO4
Volume of H2SO4 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
/ (cm3)
Isipadu Na2S2O3,
Volume of 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0
Na2S2O3, V (cm3)
Isipadu air
suling
Volume of 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0
distilled water /
(cm3)
Kepekatan
Na2S2O3
Concentration of
40 x 0.2 30 x 0.2 20 x 0.2 10 x 0.2
Na2S2O3 50 50 50 50
0.20
(moldm-3) = 0.16 = 0.12 = 0.08 = 0.04
V x 0.2
50
Masa diambil
17 21 28 42 83
Time taken, t (s)
1 , 1
masa t
1 , 1 (s-1) 0.059 0.048 0.036 0.024 0.012
time t

Keputusan eksperimen : Pemerhatian Inferens

Results of the experiment : Observation
Mendakan kuning terhasil.
Yellow precipitate is
formed.
Bau sengit terhasil.
Pungent smell released.
Inference
Sulfur terbentuk.
Sulphur is formed.
Gas sulfur dioksida terhasil.
Sulphur dioxide gas is
released.

Analisis dan Mentafsir data :

Analysing and Intrepreting Data :
1. Plot a graph of:
Plotkan graf:
(iii) Kepekatan Na2S2O3 melawan masa
Concentration of Na2S2O3 against time

(iv) Kepekatan Na2S2O3 melawan 1/masa

Concentration of Na2S2O3 against 1/time
2. Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas di antara asid sulfurik dan natrium
tiosulfat.
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sulphuric acid and sodium
thiosulphate.
Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + S + SO2 + H2O

3. Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas di antara asid sulfurik dan natrium tiosulfat.
Write an ionic equation for the reaction between sulphuric acid and sodium thiosulphate.
S2O3 2- + 2H+ → S + SO2 + H2O

4. Nyatakan zarah-zarah yang berlanggar di dalam eksperimen ini.

State the colliding particles in this experiment.
Ion tiosulfat dan ion hydrogen
Thiosulphate ion and hydrogen ion

5. Berdasarkan graf kepekatan melawan masa, nyatakan hubungan di antara kepekatan larutan
dan masa yang di ambil.
 Based on the graph of concentration against time, state the relationship between
concentration of solution and the time taken.
Semakin tinggi kepekatan larutan, semakin pendek masa yang diambil.
The higher the concentration of solution, the shorter the time taken.

6. Berdasarkan graf kepekatan melawan 1/masa, nyatakan hubungan di antara kepekatan

larutan dan 1/masa.
Based on the graph of concentration against 1/time, state the relationship between
concentration of solution and 1/time.
Semakin tinggi kepekatan larutan, semakin tinggi 1 / masa.
The higher the concentration of solution, the higher the 1/time.

7. Apakah yang di maksudkan dengan 1/masa?

What is meant by 1/time?
Kadar tindak balas
Rate of reaction

8. Nyatakan hubungan di antara kepekatan bahan dan kadar tindak balas.

State the relationship between concentration dan rate of reaction.
Semakin tinggi kepekatan suatu bahan, semakin tinggi kadar tindak balas.
The higher the concentration of substance, the higher the rate of reaction.

9. Bandingkan kadar tindak balas di antara eksperimen I dan V. Terangkan jawapan anda
berdasarkan teori perlanggaran.
Compare the rate of reaction between experiment I and V. Explain your answer based on
collision theory.
Kadar tindak balas eksperimen I lebih tinggi.
Kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat dalam eksperimen I lebih tinggi.
Bilangan ion tiosulfat per unit isi padu larutan dalam eksperimen I lebih tinggi.
Frekuensi perlanggaran di antara ion tiosulfat dan ion hidrogen dalam eksperimen I lebih
tinggi.
Frekuensi perlanggaran berkesan di antara zarah-zarah dalam eksperimen I lebih tinggi.

Rate of reaction in experiment I is higher.

The concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution in experiment I is higher.
The number of thiosulphate ion per unit volume of solution in experiment I is higher.
The frequency of collision between thiosulphate ion and hydrogen ion in experiment I is
higher.
The frequency of effective collision between particles in experiment I is higher.

10. Tulis satu langkah berjaga-jaga semasa menjalankan eksperimen ini.

Write one safety precaution when doing this experiment.
Tuangkan asid sulfurik dengan berhati-hati.
Poured sulphuric acid carefully.

Kesimpulan : Semakin tinggi kepekatan larutan natrium sulfat, semakin

Conclusion tinggi kadar tindak balas.
The higher the concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution,
the higher the rate of reaction.