Pu ECM 630 Servomotors 11.2 Types of Servomotors The servomotors are basically classified depending upon the nature of the electric supply used for ils operation. The electric supply can be a.c. or dic. in nature hence basic classification is obviously is a.c. servomotors and d.c. servomotors. The detail classification of servomotors is given in the following chart: AC. servomotors D.C. sarvomotors ‘Armature controted Field controlled Let us see in detail the behaviour of a.c. and d.c. servomotors. 11.3 D.C. Servomotor The dc. servomotor is more or less same as normal d.c. motor. There are some minor constructional differences between the two. All d.c. servomotors are essentially separately excited type. This ensures the linear nature of torque-speed characteristics. 11.3.1 Basic Working Principle The dc. servomotor is basically a torque transducer which canverts electrical energy into the mechanical energy. The torque developed on the motor shaft is directly Proportional to the field flux and the armature current. Ta = Ky $1, = ( where 7, = Motor torque K,, = Proportionality torque constant @ = Field flux and 1, = Armature current In.addition to the torque developed, when armature conductors rotate in the field flux, they cut the flux and ¢.m-f. gets induced in the armature. This e.m.f. is called as back e.m-f. in case of d.c, motors. It is directly proportional to the shaft velocitya,, rad/sec. E, = Kyo, . (2) where E, = Backem.f. and K, = Backe.m.. constant @, = Motor angular speed in rad/sec Asback e.m-f. opposes the supply voltage, the voltage equation of the d.c. motor is given by V = E,41,R, ow (IHD) where V_= Supply voltage R, = Armature resistance ‘The equations (1), (If) and (III) form the basis of d.c. servomotor operation.