NOCIONES BÁSICAS SOBRE PUNTUACIÓN

1. LOS ‘FANBOYS’ (For, And, Nor, Because, Or, Yet, So) son conectores que van precedidos
de una coma siempre que conecten oraciones completas (Sujeto + Predicado).

 FOR = BECAUSE (conecta una idea y su causa)

I do yoga, for it is good to keep fit.

 AND (conecta dos ideas positivas)

I do yoga three times a week, and my husband goes to the gym regularly.

I do yoga and Pilates. (aquí no ponemos coma porque ‘and’ conecta dos sustantivos)

 NOR (no uséis este conector, es complejo porque se usa con inversiones)

I don’t like chocolate, nor do I like pizza.

 BUT (contrasta dos ideas)

I do yoga, but I don’t go to the gym.

 OR (conecta dos opciones alternativas)

I do yoga, or I go to the gym. (Hago una cosa o la otra)

I do yoga or Pilates. (Aquí no uso coma porque ‘or’ conecta dos sustantivos)

 YET (contrasta dos ideas, es sinónimos de ‘but’)

I do yoga, yet I don’t go to the gym.

 SO (conecta una idea con su resultado o consecuencia)

I do yoga, so I’m in good shape.

2. Compound Sentences: Independent clause ; independent clause

Si quiero unir dos oraciones con sujeto y predicado, independientes la una de la otra
(coordinadas) y sin conector, las separo con un punto y coma:

Right: I do yoga; I’m in good shape.

Wrong: I do yoga, I’m in good shape.

3. Complex Sentences: Dependent clause , independent clause

Si quiero unir una oración dependiente o subordinada a otra (ambas con sujeto y predicado),
las separo con una coma. Si os fijáis en le ejemplo, la dependiente va al principio y va
introducida con un conector (Because, although…).

Right: Because COVID-19 is killing a lot of people, citizens cannot leave their homes.
Although I’m tired of the confinement, I won’t leave home.
Despite being bored, I mustn’t complain.
 If I leave home, I will be fined.
Wrong: Because COVID-19 is killing a lot of people; citizens cannot leave their homes.
Although I’m tired of the confinement; I won’t leave home.
Despite being bored; I mustn’t complain.
If I leave home; I will be fined.

4. OTHER CONNECTORS

Otros conectores como: however, nevertheless, moreover, furthermore (so)… van precedidos
de punto o punto y coma, y seguidos de coma. Si os fijáis, las oraciones que unen son
completas (tiene sujeto y predicado)
Right: I don’t like English. However, I’m improving a lot this year.
I don’t like English; however, I’m improving a lot this year.
Wrong: I don’t like English, however I’m improving a lot this year.

FOR/ AS / SINCE/ BECAUSE

The students could go home earlier because/for the teacher was ill.
Because/As/Since the teacher was ill, the students could go home earlier.

**BECAUSE OF/ ON ACCOUNT OF

We couldn’t go jogging because of/ on account of the heavy rain.
We couldn’t go jogging because it was raining.

CAPITAL LETTERS IN ENGLISH

https://grammar.collinsdictionary.com/es/gramatica-de-aprendizaje/capital-letters

https://www.englishclub.com/writing/capital-letters.htm