Background of the Research

 It identifies and describes the history and nature of a well-defined research problem with
reference to the existing literature.
 It indicates the root of the problem being studied, appropriate context of the problem in
relation to theory, research, and/or practice, its scope, and the extent to which previous
studies have successfully investigated the problem, noting, in particular, where gaps exist that
your study attempts to address.

Statement of the Problem

 reflected to the research title
 The problem must not be answerable by yes or no
 must be arranged in the flow of the study
 Introduces the reader to the importance of the topic being studied
 Places the topic into a particular context that defines the parameters of what is to be
investigated
 Provides the framework for reporting the results
 Indicates what is probably necessary to conduct the study
 Explain how the findings will present the information.

Research Questions
Good research questions possess four essential characteristics as stated by Fraenkel and Wallen
(2007, p.29). They are as follows:
 The question is feasible (i.e. it can be investigated without an undue of time, energy, or
money)
 The question is clear (i.e. most people would agree as to what the key words in the question
mean).
 The question is significant (i.e. it is worth investigating because it will contribute important
knowledge about the human condition).
 The question is ethical (i.e. it will not involve physical or psychological harm or damage to
human beings or to the natural or social environment of which they are part.

Significance of the Study

 The significance of the study will mainly focus on the question “Who will benefit from the
study?”
 This states the contribution of your study and the usefulness of your study in the society.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

Parameters that prevent researchers from pursuing further studies due to time and budgetary
constraints
A. Scope- the coverage, range and period of the study
B. Delimitations- weaknesses of the study beyond the control of the researcher

Definition of Terms
Terms used either operationally or technically in a research study
A. Operational- definition based on how a word/s are used in the research study
B. Technical- definition based on how a word/s are used in a particular field or specialization