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Jose Rizal'S Life
Jose Rizal'S Life
JOSE RIZAL’S LIFE To the east is the country’s largest lake “The Dagat
Tabang” or freshwater sea.
To the south is “Mount Makiling”
BIRTH OF RIZAL He imagines the stories of his yaya (nanny)
Un Recuerdo De Mi Pueblo
Jose Rizal was born on June 19, 1861 (11:00pm
– midnight) in Calamba, Laguna.
He is the seventh child of Fransisco Mercado Rizal’s big family was a happy family
and Teodora Alonso y Realonda
o The family belongs to the affluent Nickname: “Ute or Moy” / Pepe or Pepito
“principalia class” Francisco Mercado: “a model father”
Built a house made of stone (bahay na bato) o Gave his children an education
The Mercado family grew corn, rice, and sugar commensurate with the family’s fortune.
cane. They also operated a sugar mill, a flour Teodora Alonso: “cultured woman of Manila”
mill and ham press. They are also involved in o She knew literature and spoke better
the trade of sugar and dye. Spanish than he did. A mathematician
o The Mercado family did not do the and has read many books.
actual farming. Brother: Studied at Colegio de San Jose
They were able to purchase a second bahay na Sisters: Studied at Colegio de la Immaculada
bato. Conception
o has a library consisting a collection of o A fashionable boarding school in Manila.
1000 books. o Death of his younger sister, Concha
o has a wide yard planted with various who died of disease.
fruits. Rizal was small and had a fragile physique. His
“One gathers from Rizal’s own account of his head was large.
boyhood that he was brought up in “Someday people will make statues of me”
circumstances that even in the Philippines of our
day would be considered privileged. Rizal’s Jose was taught by his mother
father became one of the town’s wealthiest men,
the first to build a stone house and buy another, Lucas Padua and Leon Monroy taught
keep a carriage, own a library, and send his Jose Latin
children to school in Manila. Jose himself had an Seeing that young Rizal has passion for
aya, that is to say, a nanny or personal servant, poetry, his mother encouraged him.
although he had five elder sisters who , in less He also had passion for anything new.
affluent circumstances, could have been
expected to look after him. His father engaged a He also had a taste of mischief
private tutor for him. Later, he would study in
private schools, go to the university, finish his Explosion
course abroad. It was the classic method for Severe spanking
producing a middle class intellectual, and it does One of the memorable anecdotes between
much to explain the puzzling absence of any real young jose and his mother was when she was
consciousness.” reading him a Spanish book entitled “El Amigo
De Los Ninos” (The Children’s Friend)
Rizal has three uncles which added to his list of
RIZAL’S CHILDHOOD YEARS
inspirations:
Memorias de un Estudiante de Manila o Gregorio Alberto: was a book lover
o Jose: was educated in Calcutta, India
Rizal wrote beautiful memories of his birth place
o Manuel
The surrounding of his hometown, around it were 8 years old: Rizal wrote a tagalog drama which
green and verdant fields. was staged in the fiesta of Calamba.
o The Gobernadorcillos of Paete were In December 1871, he bid farewell.
present at the time of the event and was He collected pebbles from the rivers.
very impressed. After Christmas, Don Fransisco decided to send
Wrote “Sa aking mga Kabata” Jose to Manila to continue his studies.
o It was a praise to the native language of
the Tagalogs which became the basis of
the country’s national language. A MANILA STUDENT: THE ATENEAN YEARS
o Appealed to love their native tongue. 1872- 1877
o National inclination through the
appreciation of the country’s culture and In June 1872, Jose was sent to Manila to study
heritage. at the Ateneo Municipal.
o “To the Filipino youth” – English version It was only four months after the execution of the
GOMBURZA.
Jose passed a test administered by the
ATENEO MUNICIPAL INTRAMUROS Dominicans
Dec. 30, 1896 – early morning Ateneo was the former Escuela Pia or charity
school of Manila
Rizal walked to his place of execution together o Under the supervision of the Jesuits.
with two Jesuits – Fr. Jose Villaclara (his o It was the counterpart of the Dominican
professor) and Fr. Estanislao March (whom he run of Colegio de San Juan de Letran
had known in his student days) Jose almost did not enroll because the school
Passing by Ateneo, he turned his face to it registrar Fr. Margin Fernando believed that he
several times. was late for registration
Upon reaching Bagumbayan, he looked back o Manuel Xeres Burgos helped Jose to
again, and seeing the towers of San Ignacio enter Ateneo.
Church, he asked the Jesuits: Jose used the name “Rizal”
“Is that the Ateneo” The curriculum of the five-year secondary
“Yes” – Jesuits course (leading to the degree of Bachiller en
“Well, I spent seven years there.” He added. Artes or AB ( Ateneo Municipal )
Addressing his lawyer, Don Luis Taviel de o Christian doctrine
o Sacred history
Andrade (who walked on the side of Fr. March)
o Latin
he said: “Everything that the Jesuits taught me o Spanish
were good and holy…” o Greek
o French
o English
FORMAL EDUCATION o Algebra
o Trigonometry
Rizal continued his education under Leon
o Geometry
Monroy o Universal history
In 1870, Paciano brought Rizal to the school o Spanish history
managed by Maestro Juliano Aquino Cruz o Latin literature
His teacher asked him if he knew Latin and o Rhetoric and poetics
Spanish “Un Poco Senor” (Little sir) o Social ethics
The little boy become an object of bullying from o Psychology
o Logic and other branches of Philosophy
his classmate
Rizal was called an Externo
o Pedro Lakundanan: the son of the
He lived in a house in Carabello Street in Santa
school master.
Cruz outside the walled city.
o Jose defeated the class bully.
o The house was owned by Titay who
Jose became an outstanding student
owed the Mercado family P300.00
o Maestro Juliano recommended that
Jose should be sent to Manila.
The style of education practiced by the Jesuits o Spending his vacation in Tanauan,
gave emphasis to rigid discipline, character Batangas with the invitation of his sister
building and religious instruction. Saturnina did not lift his spirits.
As a new student, Jose ranked at the bottom of Rizal’s Second Year
the class. Rizal regretted having neglected his studies
In Rizal’s class, they divided the class into two Regained the title of emperor.
groups namely: Received a gold medal for his excellent grades.
o Romans o He won only single medal in latin.
o Carthaginians
Fourth year in Ateneo
June 14, 1875: He had one of his professor Fr.
A day in Ateneo starts with an attendance to a mass Francisco Paula de Sanchez whom he
in the Chapel described as a great educator and scholar and
had a great devotion to students progress.
On his 1st day, Rizal heard mass and prayed Rizal became inspired to study harder and write
fervently for success and guidance. poetry.
Class is composed of: Rizal wrote man poems which were inspired by
Fr. Sanchez.
o Peninsular Spaniards
o Note: all of Rizal’s poems in Ateneo
o Insulars were pro-spanish in nature.
o Mestizos o These were about history and,
o Natives childhood, and war.
Outstanding poems written by rizal in 1876
Fr. Jose Bech: Rizal’s 1st Professor
o La Tragedia de San Eustaquio (The
o “tall, thin man with body slightly bent Tragedy of St. Eustace)
forward, with a hurried walk, an ascetic o Un Recuerdo a Mi Pueblo (In Memory
face, severe and inspired, small of My Town)
deepsunken eyes with a sharp nose o Alianza Intima Entra la Religion y la
which was almost Greek and thin lips Buena Educacion (Intimate Alliance
forming an arc whose ends fell forwards between Religion and Good Education)
the chin” o El Cautiverio y el Triunfo: Batalla de
Lucena y Prison de Boabdil (The
1st semester at Ateneo
Captivity and Triumph: The Captivity
Rizal was placed at the bottom of the class and
and Imprisonment of Boabdil)
assigned in Carthaginians. o La Entrada Triunfal de los Reyes
His crude knowledge of Spanish was a source of
Catolicos en Granada (The Triumphal
ridicule from his Spanish classmates.
Entry of the Catholic Monarchs into
Rizal studied hard and spent long hours reading Granada)
He convinced his father to acquire a whole set of
Historia Universal by Cesar Cantu During his final year in Ateneo:
Favorite books:
o Count of Monte Cristo by Alexander o El Heroismo de Colon (The Heroism of
Dumas Colon)
o Travels of the Philippines by Feodor o Un Dialogo Alusivo a la Despidida a los
Jagor Colegiales ( A Farewell Dialogue to his
He enrolled in Santa Isabel College during Fellow Students)
break time.
Excellent student during first year. Rizal topped all his examinations in Ateno in all
o Emperor of Carthaginians
subjects.
o His prize was a religious picture.
Won five medals
o Fraternity of Mary and Saint Louis
Gonzaga Proudly went back to Calamba to show his
excellent achievements to his parents
Rizal’s second semester Rizal returned to Ateneo to complete his studies
Did not try studying as hard as the previous
Rizal obtained tha highest grades in all his
semester
He placed second but his grades remain subjects amd graduated at the head of the class
excellent On March 23, 1877: He received his degree of
Rizal’s life at this time was marked by sadness Bachelor of Arts with Honors.
o Note: the degree is the equivalent of UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS
today’s high school diploma.
1877-1882
o 1872 Arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . . .Excellent
1872-3 Latin 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . ….." GOMBURZA were garroted.
Spanish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ……. "
Greek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ……… " Fr. Toribio del Pilar, Jose Ma. Basa, Antonio
o 1873-4 Latin 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . Excellent Ma. Regidor, and Baldivino Mauricio were
Spanish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ……" exciled and condemned.
Greek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …….. " Dona Teodora feared that with additional
Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ……"
knowledge, the Spanish authorities might cut off
o 1874-5 Latin 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Excellent
Spanish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ……." Jose’s head.
Greek. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ………. " A family council was held
General History . . . . . . . . . . . …….." o Don Francisco and Paciano were able to
Hist. of Spain and Phil. . . . . . . ……." prevail over Dona Teodora’s objections
Arithmetic and Algebra . . . . . …….. "
o 1875-6 Rhetoric and Poetry . . .Excellent In April 1877, Rizal enrolled at the University of
o French . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ………. " Santo Tomas
Geometry and Trigonometry . . . ……" o Taking Philosophy and Letter
o 1876-7 Philosophy 1 . . . . . . . Excellent o Lawyer’s course – father’s choice
o Mineralogy and Chemistry . . . . . ….." o Other Atenean professors suggested
Philosophy 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …….."
Physics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ………" that he take up priesthood or farming
o Botany and Zoology. . . . . . . . . …….." o Rizal considered going into literature,
Bachelor in Arts. . . . . . . . . . . . ………" medicine or law