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    Management of Snake Bite

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    Afri Adi
    Snake bites can cause local or systemic effects depending on whether the snake is toxic or non-toxic. Toxic snake bites can cause general symptoms like fear, anxiety and nausea as well as more serious cardiovascular or neurotoxic symptoms involving the eyes, breathing or heart function. Treatment involves rapid assessment, IV fluids, monitoring vitals, immobilizing the bitten limb, and treating any crisis like shock. For toxic bites showing envenomation, antivenom should be given intravenously along with medications for anaphylaxis or neurotoxins if needed.

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    Management of Snake Bite

    Uploaded by

    Afri Adi
    39 views1 page
    Snake bites can cause local or systemic effects depending on whether the snake is toxic or non-toxic. Toxic snake bites can cause general symptoms like fear, anxiety and nausea as well as more serious cardiovascular or neurotoxic symptoms involving the eyes, breathing or heart function. Treatment involves rapid assessment, IV fluids, monitoring vitals, immobilizing the bitten limb, and treating any crisis like shock. For toxic bites showing envenomation, antivenom should be given intravenously along with medications for anaphylaxis or neurotoxins if needed.

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    Snake bites can cause local or systemic effects depending on whether the snake is toxic or non-toxic. Toxic snake bites can cause general symptoms like fear, anxiety and nausea as well as more serious cardiovascular or neurotoxic symptoms involving the eyes, breathing or heart function. Treatment involves rapid assessment, IV fluids, monitoring vitals, immobilizing the bitten limb, and treating any crisis like shock. For toxic bites showing envenomation, antivenom should be given intravenously along with medications for anaphylaxis or neurotoxins if needed.

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    39 views1 page

    Management of Snake Bite

    Uploaded by

    Afri Adi
    Snake bites can cause local or systemic effects depending on whether the snake is toxic or non-toxic. Toxic snake bites can cause general symptoms like fear, anxiety and nausea as well as more serious cardiovascular or neurotoxic symptoms involving the eyes, breathing or heart function. Treatment involves rapid assessment, IV fluids, monitoring vitals, immobilizing the bitten limb, and treating any crisis like shock. For toxic bites showing envenomation, antivenom should be given intravenously along with medications for anaphylaxis or neurotoxins if needed.

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    Management of Snake Bite

    History of Snake
    Bite

    Non Toxic Toxic

    Lokal envenoming: General Neurotoxic


    Cardiovaskular
    • Local pain symptoms :
    symptoms : symptoms :
    • Fear
    • Local bleeding • Visual disturbances, • Patients with
    • Bruising • Anxiety,
    • dizziness, paralysis of the
    • Spreading local • Nausea,
    • faintness, bulbar muscles
    swelling • Vomiting
    • Inflammation • collapse, may die of
    • Malaise upper airway
    (swelling, redness, • shock,hypotension,
    • Abdominal pain, obstruction or
    heat) • cardiac arrhythmias,
    • Weakness, aspiration
    • Local infection, • myocardial damage
    abscess formation • Drowsiness,
    (reduced ejection
    • Prostration fraction).

    Observe in critical care area, Rapidly assess for any crisis


    (give attention to crisis first). Always admit and start IV line
    (NS/ D5%) and take bloods.

    No Signs of Envenomation : Medical treatment:


    Treatment symptomatic : • Resuscitation of shocked or
    • Analgesia : morphine (PS>7) asphyxiated patients (A,B,C).
    Parasetamol infusion (PS<7) • Clear airway, give oxygen
    • Anthibiotic : • Monitor vital signs
    • Immobilization of the whole
    When indicated , example :
    patient, especially their bitten
    leucocytosis
    limb,

    Treatment of anaphylaxis and


    neurothoxin : adrenaline is recommended
    Signs of Envenomation Present: before antivenom treatment,
    Antivenom should be given by the • Adult dose of epinephrine (adrenaline) is
    intravenous 0.25ml of 0.1% solution (0.25 mg) by sub-
    2 vials SABU + 100 ml Normal Saline 0,9% cutaneous injection (children 0.005 ml/kg
    body weight of 0.1% solution).
    dripped 60-80 drop per minute. Repeated
    • Use of histamine anti-H1 and anti-H2
    every 6-8 hours. blockers, corticosteroid, and the rate of
    intravenous infusion of antivenom
    (between 10 and 120 minutes)
    • Physostigmine dose: adult (>12 yo) : 1-2
    mg and children <12 yo 0,02 mg/kg/dose
    (max single dose 0,5 mg)

    World Health Organization : Guidelines for the Management of Snake Bites 2016

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