Learning Area
Learning Delivery Modality
LESSON EXEMPLAR School
Teacher
Teaching Date
Teaching Time
I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards
B. Performance Standards
C. Most Essential Learning
Competencies ( MELC)
D. Enabling Competencies
II. CONTENT
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
a. Teacher’s Guide Pages
b. Learner’s Materials Pages
c. Textbook Pages
d. Additional Materials from
Learning Resources
B. List of Learning Resources
for Development and
Engagement Activities
IV PROCEDURES
A. Introduction
Philosophy
Modular Distance Modality
West Palale National High Grade Level G11
School
Sir Dondon Agudilla Learning Area Introduction to
Philosophy of the
Human Person
Quarter First Quarter
2:00 – 3:00PM No. of Days 4 Days (week 2)
At the end of the lesson, learners are expected to:
1. distinguish opinion from truth.
2. Realize that the methods of philosophy lead to wisdom and truth.
3. Evaluate truth from opinions in different situaitons using the methods
of philosophizing.
The learner demonstrates various ways of doing philosophy
The learner evaluate opinions.
1. Distinguish opinion from truth (PPT11/12-Ic-2.1).
2. Realize that the methods of philosophy lead to wisdom and truth (PPT11/12-
Id-2.2).
3. Evaluate truth from opinions in different situations using the methods of
philosophizing (PPT11/12-Id-2.3).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=TgSvkjqXq5A&list=PL9LHtzFMLPDHo0K_tVWWGy19N7hiWf2ES&index=11
https://philonotes.com/index.php/2017/12/25/socratic-method/
Just before this school year, the world has suffered and was greatly affected by
the pandemic – Covid-19. Several news came out as regards its nature. There
were others who said it cannot survive in countries with tropical weather like
the Philippines along with other countries in Asia as most viruses do. However,
World Health Organizations (WHO) contested it. The WHO has proven them
wrong after the virus has infested the Philippines leading to several cases of
casualties. Thus, the former subdued.
With all these claims, only one thing is certain that is, the virus has put the
entire world into havoc and that the only defense people could do is to stay at
home to avoid the spread of the virus, wear mask when in need to go out of the
house, wash hands properly and use alcohol as frequently as possible.
 Why do you think other said Covid-19 cannot survice in tropical
weather?
  Why has WHO had contested it?
 What do you call the process that led them to do so?

LET’s DISCOVER!

B. Development

What I know? Methods of Philosophizing

A method of philosophizing is a process of determining the truth or drawing
conclusions from a statement using various philosophical methods such as;
Socratic, dialectic, scientific and historical.

In the previous example, the two claimants agreed that corona virus could
survive and affect people regardless of the weather condition of the country
after having analyzed its destructive activity even to countries with tropical
weather. To come up with that, they used a process called dialectics or dialectic
methods.

Dialectic method is the act of talking back and forth, disagreeing with one
another, and arguing about contentious issues.

In philosophy, it is a method of coming up with a conclusion from an exchange

of contradicting logical arguments.

The aim of dialectics, as aprocess of dialogue, is the clarification of controversial

notions and arguments with other people. In this process, personal and shared
conceptions should be considered and corrected.

Many philosophers, such as Hegel, Aristotle and Socrates had their own beliefs
and explanations about this approach; however, the basic concept remains to
be the same.

What’s IN? Let’s TRY This!

a. Discussing the pros and cons of mass testing in the Philippines to
prevent Covid-19 from spreading.
b. Evaluating two education strategies such as “face-to-face” and
“modular” to increase learners’ performance.

When do we say that a statement is a fact?

When do we say that a statement is an opinion?
Based from the activity, how do methods of philosophizing lead to the truth and
wisdom?

What is IT? https://philonotes.com/index.php/2017/12/25/socratic-method/

The Socratic Method is a way of thinking that involves three important steps
in arriving at the truth. 

In the first step, we give an initial definition of a thing or a concept. For

example, we say: “A table is a four-legged furniture.” 

In the second step, we look for those characteristics of the table that are not
captured in the initial definition. For example, we may ask the question: “Is
the table a cow?” We raise this question because if our initial definition of the
concept of a table is based solely on the idea of “four legs,” then it follows
that anything that has four legs can be called a table. But is a cow really a
table simply because it has four legs? Obviously not. This question would

C. Engagement
What is MORE?
D. Assimilation
What other enrichment
activities can I engage in?
What have I LEARNED?
(Generalization/Abstraction)
lead us to 
the third step, where we give additional or new definition of a table. Thus,
we may say: “A table is a four-legged furniture, made up of wood and has a
flat surface.” Let me schematically show the three steps in Socratic Method:
Step 1: A table is a four-legged furniture.
Step 2: Is the table a cow?
Step 3: A table is a four-legged furniture, made up of wood and has a flat
surface.
Now, if we repeat these steps, then we eventually arrived at the truth, that is,
we eventually came up with a precise definition of a table, understood as the
essence of a table―indeed, that which makes a table “a table” or that which
makes a table completely different from any other things, such as a cow or a
chair. Thus, we may say: “A table is a four-legged furniture, made up of
wood, has a flat surface, rectangular in shape, and is used primarily for
dining or putting things on it.” As we can see, this is the essence of a
table. This is what makes a table “a table,” so that even if one sits on a table,
the table remains a table; it does not become a chair because the main
purpose of the table is for dining or for putting things on it, and not for sitting.
Let’s Do This!
A. Analyze the statements. Elaborate your answer!
Step 1: Freedom is the ability of the human person to do whatever he/she
wants to do.
Step 2: Am I really free to kill my enemy simply because I hate him?
Step 3: No. We cannot just kill anybody we want to kill. There are rules to
follow in a civilized society.
1. Which is just an opinion? Justify your answer.
2. Which is the truth? Support your answer.
3. How did you arrive at the truth?
Let’s EXPLORE!
While waiting for your mother, you overheard your two siblings arguing on
which part of the day is better for studying for an exam. Your sister said she
prefers to study at night because it is quiet, while your brother stated that he
likes to study in the morning because it is when he feels very active. After an
exchange of factual knowledge about their study habits, your siblings both
agreed that studying in the morning is better that studying at night.
1. How did your two siblings came up with this conclusion?
2. How do you call the process that led them to do so?
In my life, the methods of philosophizing can help me discover the truth. It
could be the truth about the purpose of my life or the truth about what I really
can do for others most especially when they are confused about something and
this has been bothering them a lot.
Below are the significant learnings I acquired from methods of philosophizing:
1. Dialogue
2. Examine (Agree or Disagree)
 3. Accept others points-of-view.
4. Investigate (Search for proofs)
5. Identify the Truth.

What I can DO? How can I apply the significant learnings to this situation?
(Evaluation of Learning) Statement A. The president is the most intelligent person in the country.
Statement B. The president is the most powerful person in the country.

V. REFLECTION Using your Journal Notebook, write your personal insights about the topic.

Today, I discovered that _____________________________________________.

I also realized that _________________________________________________.
Therefore, I will ___________________________________________________.