RATINGS FORMING PART OF AN

NAVIGATIONAL WATCH

COMPASS Training Center Inc.

Luna Orosa Bldg
1913 Taft Ave cor Remedios Street,
Malate, Manila, 1004
www.compass.ph
 Ratings Forming Part of a Navigational Watch

STEERING THE SHIP & COMPLYING THE HELM ORDERS IN ENGLISH

The Use Of Gyro & Magnetic Compass

MAGNETIC COMPASS
Device for determining horizontal direction affected by magnetic field of the earth points to the earth’s
magnetic north required on ships of 150 grt or more

ADVANTAGES
• Cheap, self-contained, simple, not easily damaged
• Does not need power source to operate
• Heading display is analog
• Can be compensated for magnetic deviation by the use of adjusting magnets

DISADVANTAGES
• Magnetic north is not fixed so compass requires regular adjustment.
• Must be corrected for magnetic variation
• Compass must be located at the steering station for reading by the helmsman.

GYRO COMPASS
• Always points to the true geographic north. Electro-mechanical device containing fast spinning
gyroscope
• Unaffected by earth’s magnetism and that of the Ship

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ADVANTAGES
• Acquire bearing data even when there exist a magnetic deviation.
• Can be located remotely or at the steering station.
• Can feed heading readings to one or more remote readouts.

DISADVANTAGE
• Loses orientation as earth rotates unless torque is applied to opposite direction.
• Far more expensive to install than magnetic compass.
• Repair requires expensive, sometimes not locally available professional help.

Apply The Helm Order & Steering Procedure

HELM ORDERS
• STANDARD WHEEL ORDERS
• Should be repeated by the helmsman and the officer of the watch should ensure that they are
carried out correctly and immediately
• Orders should be held until countermanded
• Helmsman should report immediately if the vessel does not answer the wheel

ELEMENTS OF MANUAL STEERING

• COMMANDS
• CONFIRMATION
• EXECUTION
• REPORTING
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

EXAMPLE
• COMMAND
o Midship
• REPEAT
o Midship
• EXECUTE
o Put the Ruddle to Midship
• REPORT
o Rudder Midship
• ACKNOWLEDGED
o Thank you

RUDDER MIDSHIP
ORDER MEANING

Port Five 5º of port rudder to be held on indicator

Port Ten 10º of port rudder to be held on indicator

Port Fifteen 15º of port rudder to be held on indicator

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Port Twenty 20º of port rudder to be held on indicator

Port Twenty-five 25º of port rudder to be held on indicator

Hard-port Rudder to be held on indicator

PORT 1O°

ORDER MEANING

Starboard Five 5º of starboard rudder to be held

Starboard Ten 10° of starboard rudder to be held

Starboard Fifteen 15° of starboard rudder to be held

Starboard Twenty 20° of starboard rudder to be held

Starboard Twenty-five 25° of starboard rudder to be held

Hard-starboard Rudder Rudder to be held fully over starboard

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STARBOARD 1O°

ORDER MEANING
Ease to Five Reduce amount of rudder to 5° and hold
Ease to Ten Reduce amount of rudder to 10° and hold
Ease to Fifteen Reduce amount of rudder to 15° and hold
Ease to Twenty Reduce amount of rudder to 20° and hold

ORDER MEANING

Keeping the vessel on its designate course or steer a steady course on the compass
heading indicated at the time of the order. The helmsman is to repeat the heading on
STEADY
receiving the order.
When the ship is steady on that heading, the helmsman is to call out: “Steady”

STEADY AS THE
To steer the ship on her designated course as ordered.
GOES

CONTINUATION
• Keep the buoy/mark/beacon on post/starboard. Report to the master or officer when the ship
does not respond
• Finished with the wheel – ordered after the maneuver given by the master

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ORDER (Pilot/Master/ RESPONSE / EXECUTE

Officer or Watch) (Quarter Master)

“What’s your heading, please?’ “069o Sir!”

“Very well, steer or come to course 069o”
Repeat command saying “069o Sir!” Then execute turn
wheel to starboard at the desired angle rudder, until the
ships head is almost near the ordered degrees. Turn
wheel to counter the swing of the vessel when compass
heads nearly to 069o. As soon as the ships heading
steadies or 069o report.. “Heading 069o now, Sir!”

“Very well”
“Steady!” Steady to course to 069o until further oder.

CHANGE OVER FROM AUTOMATIC PILOT TO HAND STEERING & VISE VERSA

Kinds of Steering

MANUAL STEERING
Required when the vessel enters or leaves a port, or navigates in narrow channel or congested areas
or in restricted visibility.

AUTOMATIC STEERING
Steering gear is switch over to the automatic position when ordered by the Master to the Officer of the
Watch when the vessel starts ocean transit or sails away from the coast

NON-FOLLOW UP
Steering is impossible in both automatic and manual modes, the control level (non-follow up steering) is
used

EMERGENCY STEERING
Steering control on the navigation bridge fails to operate, steering is still possible by operating the trick
wheel in the steering engine compartment.

LOOKOUT
• maintain a continuous state of vigilance by sight & hearing, as well as by all other all available
means, with regards to any significant changes in the operating environment.
• Fully appraising the situation & the risk of collision, standing & other dangers to navigation.

A lookout is a person at the ship’s bridge who maintains a continuous watch of the sea to report any
kind of hazard that can be an obstacle in the navigation & cause harm to the ship.

According to COLREG, a lookout is required to give his uninterrupted attention at all times to the ship’s
navigation in order to inform the officer on watch (OOW) about other ships, shipwrecks, debris, floating
objects etc.

Reporting on possibilities of collision, stranding, & other dangers to navigation

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The lookout should remain at his position at all times until he is relieved from his duties.

On relieving, he should provide all the information to his reliever about things that he has reported.

THE LOOK OUT SHOULD INFORM THE OFFICER OF THE FOLLOWING:

• Any kind of floating object
• Navigation mark or lights
• Any type of distress signal from other ships or ports
• Land
• Ice, irrespective of size or form
• Any type of ship irrespective of its size
• Sandbags or prominent navigation features
• Problem with any of the ship’s navigation systems, including navigational lights
• Any kind of hazards or derelicts that can be dangerous to the ships navigation

The vigilance of look out during fog & restricted visibility

The proper positioning of lookouts & knowing their duties.

The appropriate clothing during cold weather

Correct & prompt reporting in all conditions.

Reporting of the navigational lights & shapes to determine another vessels course

Look-out’s timely report for OOW appreciation of developing situation

Excellent performance is expected from the look-out

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Report the approximate bearing of sound signals, lights and shapes or other objects using
degree or points

RELATIVE BEARING BY POINTS

(0º - 180º)
BOXING THE COMPASS
• The compass card within a compass or the compass rose shown on a map is a circle marked
off in a clockwise direction in 360 equal units (360 degrees).
• North is marked at 0°, east at 90°, south at 180° and west at 270°. These are called the
cardinal points of the compass (cardinal meaning of first importance, fundamental).
• Midway between the cardinal points are the intercardinal points; being northeast at 45°,
southeast at 135°, southwest at 225° and northwest at 315°.
• These may again be divided giving another eight points such as north-northeast and north-
northwest.

The naming of the 32 points of

compass clockwise is what we
called the “ BOXING THE COMPASS “

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IDENTIFY THE LIGHTS, SHAPES AND SOUND SIGNALS BY DIFFERENT TYPES OF VESSELS

Masthead-light: white light visible at 112.5º on both sides of

the bow

Towing light: yellow light visible at 67.5º on both sides of the

bow

Signal lights: red, green or white 360º all round lights

POWER DRIVEN VESSEL

means any vessel powered by machinery

AIR CUSHION means a craft capable of travelling over land, water, mud or ice and other surfaces.

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TOWING & PUSHING

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CONSTRAINED BY HER DRAFT

NOT UNDER COMMAND

RESTRICTED IN HER ABILITY TO MANEUVER

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PILOT VESSEL

ANCHOR VESSEL & VESSEL AGROUND

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MINESWEEPER

SEAPLANE & WING IN GROUND (WIG)

Rule 31 - Where it is impracticable for a sea plane or a WIG craft to exhibit lights and shapes of the
characteristics or in the positions prescribed in the rules of this part she shall exhibit lights and shapes
as closely similar in characteristics and position as is possible.

SOUND SIGNALS
WHISTLE - SHORT BLAST 1 SECOND

WHISTLE - PROLONGED BLAST OF 4 – 6 SECONDS DURATION

BELL - FORWARD PART

GONG - AFT PART

IN SIGHT VISUALLY
(maneuvering & warning signals)
RULE 34
A. Crossing or meeting head-on PDV, “ I am altering course to starboard” “I am altering course •
to port” “ I am operating astern propulsion” ••
•••
B. Overtaking (In narrow channel or “ I intend to overtake you on your starboard side” “ I intend to ––•
fairway) overtake you on your port side” “ I agree to be overtaken and ––•
shall take steps to permit safe passing” •
–•–
•
C. Obscured bend (clear visibility) Vessel nearing a blind bend in a channel (also the answering -
signal)
D. If in doubt or in danger I am in doubt about your intention or action •••••

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IN RESTRICTED VISIBILITY
(fog signal)
RULE 35
A. PDV, underway and making way Every 2 Minutes -

B. PDV, underway and not making --

Every 2 Minutes
way
C. Anchored Vessel 1. Less than 100 Bell rapid 5 seconds every
2. 100m or more 1 minute
3. Additional, optional warning Bell rapid 5 seconds then
signal (to give warning to your followed by gong rapid 5
position and possibility of seconds every 1 minute
collision to approaching •–•
D. Vessel at ground 1. Less than 100m Bell 3 strokes. Bell rapid 5
2. 100m or more seconds, bell 3 strokes
every 1 minute
Bell 3 strokes. Bell rapid 5
seconds, bell 3 strokes,
then followed by gong rapid
5 seconds every 5 minutes
G. Signal 1. NUC not under command –••
2. RAM restricted in her ability to
maneuver (underway or at
anchor)
3. CHD constrained by her draft
4. FV fishing vessel
5. SV sailing vessel
6. Towing or pushing vessel

NOTE:
• The signal • •• ••• ••••• maybe supplemented by a corresponding light signal
• Whistle signal – every 2 minutes
• Bell and gong signal – every 1 minute
• 12m or more in length – whistle and bell
• 100m or more in length – whistle + bell +gong
• Less than 12m in length – any efficient sound signal

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MANEUVERING & WARNING SIGNAL

RULE 36 – signal to attract attention

If necessary to attract attention of another vessel, any vessel may make light or sound signal that
cannot be mistaken for any signal authorized elsewhere in these Rules, or may direct the beam of her
searchlight in the direction of the danger, in such a way not to embarrass any vessel.

IALA BUOYAGE SYSTEM

• IALA – International Association of Marine Aids and Light House Authority.

2 Regions:
o Region A – Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Africa, the Gulf and some Asian country.
o Region B – North, Central & South America, Japan, North & South Korea & Philippines.

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CARDINAL MARKS, SHAPES & LIGHTS

The different types of marks used in the pilotage of vessel at sea are easily distinguished by their color,
shape, top marks by day, and the color and rhythm by night.

5 TYPES OF MARKS
• Lateral Marks
• Cardinal Marks
• Quick & Very Quick Light Rhythms
• Isolated Danger Marks
• Safe Water Mark

LATERAL MARKS
• indicate the edge of the channel
• A channel & indicate the port & starboard sides of the navigation route to be followed into a
waterway such as a harbor, river or estuary from seaward. The vessel should keep port marks
to its left & keep starboard marks to its right.

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CARDINAL MARKS
• Indicate the position of a hazard & the direction of safe water.
• Indicates the direction of safety as a compass direction relative to the mark.
• It is named after the quadrant in which it is placed.
• Yellow & black markings and top marks

Cardinal Marks can be used to show the following:

• The deepest water on an area on the name side of the mark.
• The safe side on which to pass a danger
• Draw attention to a feature in a channel such as bend, junction or end of a shoal

QUICK & VERY QUICK LIGHT RHYTHMS

• Q & VQ refer to the rhythm of a flashing light. Q is a quick flashing light & VQ is the symbol for
a very quick flashing light.
• Q = Flash frequency is at least 50 or 60 flashes per minute (1.2 or 1 flashes per second)
• VQ = Flash frequency is at least 100 or 120 flashes per minute (0.6 or 0.5 flashes per second)

ISOLATED DANGER MARKS

• Indicate a hazard to shipping such as submerged rock or wreck which has navigable water all
around it.
• It is erected or moored above the hazard.
• The double sphere top mark is an important feature and needs to be visible by day.
• The top marks should be as large as possible with the spheres clearly separated.

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SAFE WATER MARKS

• Indicates the end of a channel and deep, safe water ahead.
• This mark does not mark a danger
• They are the only mark to have vertical stripes.

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SPECIAL MARKS
Indicate an area or feature such as speed restrictions, recreation zones, mooring buoys or cable &
piping lines including outfall sewerage pipes.

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EMERGENCY WRECK BUOY

• It provides a clear & ambiguous means of marking new wreck.
• This is a temporary response, for the first 24-72hrs
• Blue & yellow vertical stripes
• Blue & yellow flashing lights

EMERGENCY WRECK BUOY

IALA BUOYAGE REGION

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REGION A

REGION B

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MONITORING & CONTROLLING A SAFETY WATCH

Internal Communication & Alarm System

INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS
• Communication in the ship, such as public address, telephone, engine order telegraph, and dial
or sound telephone system
• Essential in orderly performance of both emergency and routine shipboard practice

• Dial telephone
• Sound powered phone
system
• Public address system

GENERAL ALARM
• 7 short blast and 1 long blast
• The general alarm is sounded to make aware of the crew on board that an emergency has
occurred.

SHIP’S WHISTLE
A ship’s horn is known as whistle and it is generally provided in duplicate. One is driven by air and the
other is electrically operated.

VHF
• Use to transfer & receive message
• Helpful in sending distress signal
• Channel 16

FREQUENCIES OF VHF
• CHANNEL 6
• Internship Freq.
• CHANNEL 15
• Internship freq.
• CHANNEL 16
• Safety, Distress, Emergency freq.
• CHANNEL 17
• Internship freq.
• CHANNEL 67
• Search and Rescue Freq.

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RELIEF, MAINTENANCE, & HAND OVER OF THE WATCH

HANDING OVER THE WATCH

• Position of the vessel
• Weather and visibility
• Traffic in the area
• Course and speed
• Ensure that the relieving watch are fully capable of performing their duties.
• Ensure that the vision of the relieving
• Note any dangers to navigation expected to be encountered

FITNESS FOR DUTY

- Minimum of 10hrs rest for a period of 24 hrs.
- Rest hours may be divided not more than 2.
- One of which six (6) hours long.

RELEVANT INFORMATION REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN A SAFE WATCH

INFORMATION TO MAINTAIN A SAFE WATCH

• In no circumstances leave the bridge until properly relieved.
• Report all information
• If in doubt to any actions or intentions, seek clarification.

- Not undertake any other duties that would interfere or compromise the keeping of a safe
navigational watch

BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES

ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURE

MARPOL
- Signed 17 February 1973
- Into force 02 October 1983
- It was designed to minimize pollution of the seas, including dumping, oil and exhaust pollution.
- Its stated object is to preserve the marine environment.

MARPOL Annexes
• Annex 1 – Oil
• Annex 2 – Noxious Liquid Substance
• Annex 3 – Harmful Substances Carried By Sea In Package Form
• Annex 4 – Sewage
• Annex 5 – Garbage
• Annex 6 – Air Pollution

Annex 1 – Oil
• Oil means petroleum in any form including crude oil, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse and refined
products.
• Entered into force 2nd October 1983
• It contains regulations for the prevention of pollution by oil.

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Discharge of Oil – the regulation govern the discharges, except for clean or segregated ballast, from all
ship.

SOPEP – Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan

Requirements in discharging machinery space bilges:

• The ship is not within special area
• More than 12 nautical miles
• Ship is en-route
• The oil content of the effluent is less than 15ppm
• OWS/oil filtering system or other installation required by the annex is operational

Requirements from the cargo area of an oil tanker:

• Not within the special area
• More than 50nm from the nearest land
• En-route
• Rate discharge does not exceed 30L/nm
• Total quantity of oil discharge into the sea does not exceed for existing tankers 1/15000; new
tankers 1/30000
• Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment (ODME) is operational
• Slop tank arrangement

ANNEX II - NOXIOUS LIQUID SUBSTANCE

Noxious liquid substance

Any substance indicated in the pollution category column of chapter 17 or 18 of the International Bulk
Chemical Code or provisionally assessed under the provisions of regulation 6.3 as falling into category
X, Y or Z.

- Chemical tankers built after 01 July 1986 to comply with IBC (International Bulk Chemical
Code) code.
- Chemical tankers built before 01 July 1986 should comply with the requirements with BCH
(Code of Construction and Equipment of ships carrying Dangerous Chemical in Bulk) Code.

• CATEGORY X
• if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, are deemed to
present a major hazard to either marine resources or human health and, therefore,
justify the prohibition of the discharge into the marine environment

• CATEGORY Y
• if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, are deemed to
present a hazard to either marine resources or human health or cause harm to
amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea and therefore justify a limitation on the
quality and quantity of the discharge into the marine environment
• CATEGORY Z
• if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, are deemed to
present a minor hazard to either marine resources or human health and therefore
justify less stringent restrictions on the quality and quantity of the discharge into the
marine environment

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• CATEGORY OS
• substances which have been evaluated and found to fall outside Category X, Y or Z
because they are considered to present no harm to marine resources, human health,
amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea when discharged into the sea from tank
cleaning of deballasting operations.

ANNEX III - CHEMICAL CARRIED IN PACKAGE FORM

- Part A of SOLAS Chapter VII - Carriage of dangerous goods, which includes provisions for the
classification, packing, marking, labeling and placarding, documentation and stowage of
dangerous goods.
- “harmful substances” are those identified as “marine pollutants” in the IMDG Code.

ANNEX IV: SEWAGE

SEWAGE
- Drainage and other wastes from any form of toilets and urinals
- Drainage from medical premises (dispensary, sick bay, etc.) via wash basins, wash tubs and
scupper located in such premises;
- Drainage from spaces containing living animals
- Other waste water when mixed with the drainages defined above.
- Entered into force on 27 September 2003.
- Revised on 01 April 2004
- Revision entered into force on 01 August 2005.
- Revised annex applies to new ship engaged in international voyages of 400gt or more which
certifies to carry more than 15 persons.
- Existing ships shall comply after 5 years after the date of entry.

ANNEX V: GARBAGE

GARBAGE
All kinds of victual, domestic and operational waste excluding fresh fish and parts, generated during the
normal operation of the ship and liable to be disposed of continuously or periodically except those
substances which are defined or listed in other annexes to the present convention.

- Entered into force on 27 September 2003.

- Revised on 01 April 2004
- Revision entered into force on 01 August 2005.
- Revised annex applies to new ship engaged in international voyages of 400gt or more which
certifies to carry more than 15 persons.
- Existing ships shall comply after 5 years after the date of entry.

ANNEX VI: AIR POLLUTION

- First adopted in 1997
- Limits the main air pollutants contained in ship exhaust gas, including sulfur oxides (SOx) and
nitrous oxide (NOx) and prohibits deliberate emission of ozone depleting substances (ODS).
- Regulates shipboard incineration, and the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from
tankers.

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GARBAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN

• Disposal of garbage
• Came into force 01 January 2013

GARBAGE CATEGORIES:
• Plastic – consist of plastic in any form, including synthetic ropes, synthetic fishing nets, plastic
garbage bags and incinerator ashes from plastic products.
• Foodwaste – spoiled or unspoiled food substance. Food wastes may be discharged at sea
under specific circumstances / requirements.
• Domestic waste – garbage generated mainly in the accommodation space on board the ship.
Garbage in this category is prohibited to be discharged at sea.
• Cooking oil – edible oil or animal fat used for the preparation or cooking of food.
Prohibited to be discharged at sea
• Incinerator ashes – ashes and clinkers resulting from shipboard incinerators used for the
incineration of garbage.
• prohibited to be discharged at sea.
• Operational waste – solid waste (including slurries) that are collected on board during normal
maintenance or operation of the ship, or used for cargo stowage and handling.
• prohibited to be discharged at sea.
• Cargo residues – remnants of any cargo which remain on the deck or in holds following
loading or unloading.
To be able to discharge at sea they should not be harmful to the marine environment.
• Animal carcasses – bodies of any animals that are carried on boars as cargo and that die or
are euthanized during voyage.
Discharge of such waste permitted at sea under specific circumstances/requirements.
• Fishing gear – physical device that may be placed on or in the water or on the sea-bed with the
intended purpose of capturing marine or fresh water organism.
Prohibited to be discharge at sea.

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MARPOL SPECIAL AREAS

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OPERATING EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT & APPLYING EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

Emergency Duties & Alarm Signal

MUSTER LIST
A list which is displayed in prominent areas of the vessel so that every crew member onboard can read
it on a go.

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FIRE - Continuous ringing of bell

General Alarm
• 7 short and one long blast

Different Survival Craft Onboard

LIFERAFT SOLAS REQUIREMENTS

• Annual servicing to be done by specialist
• Capable to withstand more than 30 days sea
exposure.
• Hydrostatic must be fitted for auto inflation.
• Container must be buoyant
• Shall withstand repeated jumps from a height of 15ft.

LIFERAFT SOLAS REQUIREMENTS

• A painter/rope line must be provided
• Line must not be less than 50 feet
• High visibility canopy with sufficient headroom
• Rain water collecting arrangement
• One observation port
• Entrance quick closing/opening type
• Min. 2 buoyant compartments to carry at least 220 liters
• Floor must be water proof
• Minimum one boarding ladder
• Survival pack as per SOLAS
• Manually operated lights
• The raft must be easy to right in case it has been toppled.

LIFERAFT

Minimum capacity
• 6 or more but not more than 50 persons

Total mass of liferaft - 185kg

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LIFERAFT FLOAT-FREE ARRANGEMENT

If a weak link is used:

- It shall not be broken by force required to pull the painter from the liferaft container.
- Be of sufficient strenght
- Break under the strain of 2.2 +/- 0.4 kn.

If hydrostatic release unit is used it should be approved type.

LIFERAFT MARKINGS
- In English
- Must be on a plate or label sufficiently to withstand continuous exposure to environmental
conditions
- Manufacturer’s model identification
- Maximum capacity

DAVIT LAUNCH LIFERAFT

RESCUE BOAT & FAST RESCUE BOAT

RESCUE BOAT
- Rigid or inflatable
- Not less than 3.8m & not more than 8.5m length
- Speed at least 6 knots for a period of 4 hours
- Full complement speed of 2 knots.

FAST RESCUE BOAT

- Rigid or inflated
- Carrying capacity at least 5 persons
- Not less than 6m & not more than 8.5m length
- Speed at least 20knots for a period of 4 hours 3 crew onboard
- Full complement & equipment with a speed of at least 8 knots.

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PYROTECHNIC DISTRESS SIGNALS, SATELLITE EIPRBS & SART

DISTRESS SIGNALS
- Radio
- Code flags
- Sound signal
- Flares
- Flashlights
- Arm signal

AVOIDANCE OF FALSE DISTRESS

FALSE ALERT DISTRESS

VHF
- Switch off the transmitter immediately
- Switch equipment on and set to channel 16
- Make broadcast to “all stations” giving the ship’s name, call sign and DSC number, and cancel
the false distress alert

VHF example:
- All stations, all stations, all stations
- This is MT Kenshin, call sign LAGC6
- DSC number, position
- Cancel my alert of 18 May 2015, 1432H
- Capt. Niriko Himura, call sign LAGC6

DSC number, date, time UTC

MF
- Switch off equipment immediately
- Switch equipment on and tune for radiotelephony transmission on 2,182khz
- Make broadcast to “all stations” giving the ship’s name, call sign and DSC number, and cancel
the false distress alert

INMARSAT C
- Notify the appropriate RCC to cancel the alert by sending a distress priority message via the
same CES through which the false distress alert was sent.

INMARSAT C example:
• MT Kenshin, LAGC6, IMO – 4457825,
• Lat 45º 42.5ºN Long 004º 21.4ºE,
• Cancel my Inmarsat-C distress
• alert of 20 May 2015, 1458H UTC
• = Capt. Nikita Himura

EPIRB
- The ship should contact the nearest coast station or an appropriate coast earth station or RCC
and cancel the distress alert.

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Course Compendium:
A1 Instructor’s Guide
A2 Handouts

Equipment and Materials:

E1 Classroom for lectures
E2 Hypermedia equipment
E3 EPIRB Dummy
E4 SART Dummy
E5 Pyrotechnics Dummy
E6 Mini Bridge Simulators

Video Materials:
V1 How to use an EPIRB
V2 Radios, Flares, Phones & Signals – Boat Safety in NZ – Maritime New Zealand
V3 SART Course Maintenance Video Manual

Reference:
R1 International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2011). International convention on standards of
training, certification and watchkeeping for seafarers (STCW), as amended (3rd Ed). UK: IMO
R2 International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2003). Convention on the International Regulations
for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (4th ed.). London, UK: IMO.
R3 International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2011). MARPOL (5th ed.). London, UK: IMO.
R4 International Maritime Organization. (2002). IMO standard marine communication phrases. (1st
ed.). London, UK: IMO
R5 International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2009). SOLAS (5th ed.). London, UK: IMO.
R6 International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2010). Life saving appliances including LSA Code
(2nd ed.). London, UK: IMO.
R7 International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2011). General requirements and performance
standards for shipborne radio communications and navigational equipment. (6th ed.). London,
UK: IMO.
R8 International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2005). International code of signals. (4th ed.).
London, UK: IMO.
R9 International Maritime Organization (IMO). (2009). Global maritime distress and safety system
manual (5th ed.). London, UK: IMO.
R10 International Maritime Organization (1985). Standard marine navigational vocabulary.
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1985.pdf
R11 International Maritime Organization (IMO) & International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
(2008). IAMSAR manual: vol. I organization and management. (7th ed.). London, UK &
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R12 International Maritime Organization (IMO) & International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
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Canada: IMO & ICAO.
R13 International Maritime Organization (IMO) & International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
(2013). IAMSAR manual: vol. III mobile facilities. (9th ed.). London, UK & Montreal, Canada:
IMO & ICAO.

33
 Ratings Forming Part of a Navigational Watch

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Web References:
W1 http://www.marineinsight.com/tech/auxiliary-machinery/general-overview-of-types-of-pumps-on-
ship/
W2 http://www.brighthubengineering.com/marine-history/84795-types-of-shipboard-cranes/
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Retrieved from
http://www.rtna.ac.th/article/Standard%20Marine%20Navigational%20Vocubulary.pdf.
W4 Surface Preparation. Retrieved from
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/shipyard/shiprepair/surfaceprep/index_sp.html
W5 International. Onboard Maintenance Painting Guide. Retrieved from
http://www.internationalmarine.com/Literature/Onboard%20Maintenance%20Painting%20Guid
e.pdf

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Ratings Forming Part of a Navigational Watch

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