Updated July 31, 2020

r. 6.7.3
Readers Edition of IRENT – Revelation

The text of this IRENT translation and its associated files are open to the
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Since 2004, the text is being continually updated, replaced, and

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Please make sure get the latest revision and be kind to send your e-mail
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Alas, time and tomorrow do not wait for us!

Revelation – Readers Edition

Translator’s Note:
• This is third section of “IRENT Readers Edition Vol. II - Epistles and Revelation”:

• 1. Pauline Epistles
• 2. General Epistles
• 3. Revelation
• See also other zip files:
IRENT Vol. I – Readers Edition - Gospels and Acts.
IRENT Vol. III – Supplements
IRENT Vol. IV – Introduction

The translated text comes after the Title page and the Table of Content
page; all that which would normally follow in the print format is placed
at the end of the text [before the Appendix Section] to make it easier for
those who want to get to the text itself quickly when reading on a mobile
device rather than on a desktop or notebook computer.

Why do we read the Bible?! Looking for Yeshua as Mashiah as the New
Testament reveals, not 'Jesus Christ', the central figure in the doctrines
and theologies of church tradition and legacy in the last 1800 years of
our human history. Linguistically, literarily, and historically the two are
not identical and cannot be same; actually, they are diametrically
positioned in tension. Why do we keep on learning? Because we need to
unlearn too.
 Vocabulary Lists

• 'Essential vocabulary for reading NT translation'

• <A short list for names and vocabulary> - attached to this file.
* - marked words in footnotes have detailed word study in the IRENT Vol. III Supplement for
Walk through the Bible.

Gk. theos – 'God' vs. 'Elohim'

Whether the Gk. is arthrous (ho theos, 'the God') as usually the case, or not, unless it is
used in plural form ('gods') or in reference to a pagan deity ('god'), most English Bible
translations renders it as 'God' (capitalized) without the definite article (except a few –
as 'the God') It simply follows the English convention. The majority is, in fact, arthrous
in the Greek text.

In IRENT, ho theos ('the God') consistently rendered as 'the Elohim'. The anarthrous theos
('God') is usually rendered as 'Elohim', however, it is <God's> for the genitive theou. In a
small number of places, it is rendered 'what God is' (e.g. Jn 1:1c).
Mashiah vs. Christ
Gk. Christos, usually rendered as 'Christ' in most English bible translations, is rendered
as 'Mashiah' in IRENT throughout NT, except in a few cases as 'an anointed one'. The
word 'Christ' as a religious lingo of Christendom is synonymous with 'Jesus' and is not
same as 'Mashiah' of the NT which in turn is not identical with the notion of 'Mashiah' in
OT.

Adonai (156x) & YHUH (16x) for Gk. kurios in NT ░░ [Adonai + YHUH = 172x]
Gk. word Kurios as a title word is used in reference to Yeshua as well as the Elohim, it
is often confusing which one is referred when the word 'Lord' is used as a common
translation word.
IRENT renders the Gk. anarthrous kurios (lord, master) when it is for the Elohim (the
God) in NT (as is most of examples) as Adonai (Heb. 'lord' 'master'). This should remove
confusion over the word 'Lord' whether it is in reference to Yeshua or the Elohim – Lord
Yeshua vs. Lord Elohim (Lord God). A few places it is arthrous; rendered as 'the Adonai'.
It is rendered as YHUH where the name itself is to be revealed in the text and needs to
be known to the readers, not left obscured as 'the Lord' (Cf. 'the LORD' in OT
translations). It is a transliterate of the Tetragrammaton (the name of the very God in
Hebrew); pronounced as 'Yahuah'.

Revelation – (12x Jehovah in NWT; total 237x in NT)

Rev 1:8; 18:8; 22:5 YHUH the Elohim 3x
5x YHUH
Rev 4:8; 21:22 YHUH El Shaddai 2x
5x Adonai; O Adonai Rev 11:17; 15:3, 4; 16:7; 19:6
2x the Adonai Rev 4:11; 22:6
John, Yohan, Yohanan ░ ‘John’ in English; Iōannēs in Gk.; Yoḥanan in Hebrew
For the sake of easily distinguishing several people with this same common name, IRENT renders it as
follows.
(1) ‘John’ – This English form is retained only in the titles of the Gospel and the three Johannine
Epistles.
(2) ‘Yohan’ – IRENT renders this way only for the Apostle; a disciple (Apostle) of Yeshua.
(3) [A Zebedee’s son and a brother of Yaakob (x: James)] [This name of him (Yohan, 'John') as His
disciple does NOT appear in the text of the Gospel and three Johannine Epistles!]
(4) ‘Yohanan’ – for all others in the Synoptics and Acts (e.g. Yohanan the Immerser) and also in
the Revelation.

Yehudim ░░ /x: Jews; /x: Jewish; /xx: Judeans; /x: Judaic people; [See *Jews in <Walk through the
Scripture #3C - People and Persons> of IRENT Vol. III Supplement]

Messenger, messengers – except 5:11 & 7:11 'angels' (in reference to more than 7 that are in the role of
messengers).

sabbath ░░ Sabbath rest is for daylight period; sabbath day is on 7th day of lunar week; unrelated to
Saturday of the solar [planetary] week of the Gregorian calendar.

'Mashiah Community' > Church [Ck. ekklesia]

S1135 gunē

the Lady (with the child) (12:1, 4, 6, 13, 14, 16)

the Woman (17:3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 18)
the woman (2:20)

Gk. anarthrous Kurios (Kurie) in reference to the God (the God) is rendered as Adonai or
YHUH (traditionally YHWH, transliterate of the Tetragrammaton, equivalent to ‘the LORD’
in OT of KJV). Cf. arthrous ho kurios in reference to Yeshua is rendered as 'the Lord'; as
'the Adonai'.

‘commit fornication’ (porneuō) in Revelation (Rev 2:14, 20, 21; 9:21; 14:8; 17:2, 4; 18:3,
9; 19:2) is about worshiping false gods (cf. ‘idol’ idōlon ; ‘sacrifice offered to idols’
idōlothuton), not about sexual immorality as in some Bible translations (ESV, NET)

Cf. God's in place of 'of Elohim' or 'Elohim's'. e.g. <the God's holy people>. Cf. 'of the
Elohim'

Red font – Words of Yeshua

Green font – Words of God or OT text
• Gk. anarthrous kurios in reference to the Elohim (the God) rendered as Adonai or, where
the name is to be known, as YHUH (> YHWH, YHVH, JHVH);
Pronounced as Yahuah (> Yahweh; /Yehowah > Jehovah);
/the Lord – most. [8x – 1:8; 4:8, 11; 15:4; 18:8; 12:22; 22:5, 6]
• Gk. arthrous ho kurios is rendered as the Lord (e.g. 14:13) where it is in reference to
Yeshua. In other place it is in reference to the God and rendered as the Adonai (e.g. 4:11).
• [Cf. In the phrase 'the Lord of the earth' (11:4), it is in reference to the Elohim. Here, in
Zec 4:14 it is 'adon' ('lord'), not Adonai.]
• Gk. ho theos ‘the God’ is rendered as ‘the Elohim’; 'God' in most Bible translations.
• Gk. anarthrous theos is rendered as 'Elohim', 'God', 'a god', 'God-being', 'what God is', etc.
 ISSN 1943-0345
IRENT –Vol. IV. No. 1. Revelation – Readers Edition

IRENT
An Invitation to Reading in English – N.T.
[The New Covenant in Yeshua the Mashiah]

Vol. II Epistles and Revelation

The Revelation of Yohanan

(John)
(Readers Edition)

安路者 Ahnrojah Books 2009

IRENT
2008
ISSN 1943-0345

(Vol. IV. IRENT – Revelation, Readers Edition)

2/18/2011

Ahnrojah Books

The basic text of this IRENT is open to the public and available free to all for their personal
use. The text is continually updated and uploaded at http://tiny.cc/bostonreaders .
Contents

Revelation to Yohanan

Contents

Part I (Ch. 1– 3)
Part II (Ch. 4 – 16)
Part III (Ch. 17 – 22)

All the introductory & supplemental material

– located at the end of the text.
 Publication Notice

A new fresh rendition of the New Testament is based on the literary and linguistic approach
to the text which was in the Hebrew mindset, not Greek or Western mindset.

It is to be published as an online serial under the title of IRENT, as a work-in-progress, in

Adobe PDF file format, accessible freely through the web. It strives for clarity in living
everyday English, staying away from the style of the traditional Biblical English in use in
most of conventional translations and in ‘church talk’. It is a common people’s English but
no less dignified, with its content not adulterated with one’s own personal opinion and
message as seen in several popular modern publications, which have often gone beyond the
limit of ‘paraphrase’ and actually into a rewriting.

IRENT is an acronym for Invitation to Reading in English – New Testament. It comes in two
editions, Readers Edition and Study Ready Edition; the latter includes End-notes and
Appendix.

Updating is reflected in the release number in the file name itself. Check always for the
latest one. See all the zip files for this work: Vol. I Gospels and Acts; Vol. II Epistles and
Revelation, Vol. III Supplements, and Vol. IV Introduction to IRENT.
 Acrostic Bible

01. Patmos vision of Yohanan

02. Rebuke of four churches
03. Other three churches rebuked
04. Picture of God's throne
05. Holy Lamb is 'worshiped'
06. Each seal is broken
07. Crowd coming from tribulation
08. Yoke of four shofars

09. Abyss releases more shofars

10. Book eaten by Yohanan
11. Opposition to two witnesses
12. Unrelenting opposition of dragon
13. Tattoo of world ruler

14. Time ripe for harvest

15. Harps played for God
16. Emptying of the bowls

17. Future destruction of harlot

18. Utter desolation of Babylon
19. Triumphant feast of the Lamb
20. Ultimate resurrection and judgment
21. Revelation of New Yerusalem
22. Eternal city and words

Special thanks to Barry Huddleston, the author of ‘The Acrostic Bible’ (1978)
Revelation to Yohanan (John)

THE REVELATION

from Yeshua the Mashiah

TO YOHANAN
(John)
Book I

(Rev 1)
PROLOGUE (1:1-8)
Introduction – Revelation from Yeshua the Mashiah

1:1 Revelation a
fromb Yeshua the Mashiahc
— which the Elohim bestowed upon him —
to show to his servants
the things which must speedily take place:
Yes, Yeshua presented it in signs,
having sent it through his messengerd,
to his servant, Yohanane;

1:2
[This is what Yohanan] testifies [Jn 21:24 etc.]
to the Word of the Elohimf[Jn 1:1]
yes, with the testimony on Yeshua the Mashiah, [1:9; (6:9)]
— {indeed} [by telling] everything he saw:

1:3
Blessed is the one who reads it out aloud
[to those in the Mashiah communities]
and those who, in hearing the words of this prophecy,
attend to what is written in it [22:7] [cf. Jam 1:22]
— for indeed, the due time is near. [22:10]

a 1:1 Revelation ░ (apokalupsis) [‘unveiling’, not ‘prediction of future’ – prophecy means speaking out what is received
from God.]; /x: the Revelation; [= That which is from Yeshua (Cf. ‘Yeshua was revealed – 1Pe 1:7, 13).]
b 1:1 from ░ [(genitive); /of Jesus Christ; /x: about Jesus Christ;
c 1:1 Yeshua the Mashiah ░ [= "Yeshua the Anointed" (by God)]; />> Jesus Christ;
d 1:1 messenger ░ (also in 1:20; 2:1 – 3:14); /> angel
e 1:1 Yohanan ░ />> John; [Note: Possibly the author himself; also for G-John and John’s three Epistles – he does not

hint or call himself as ‘apostle’ or ‘elder’ (2Jn and 3Jn). Not to be taken as the Apostle Yohan (> John), a disciple of
Yeshua.] [He is called ‘John the Seer (of Patmos)’; Cf. *prophet.]
f 1:2 the Word of the Elohim ░ [≡ the Word Jn 1:1]
 Greetings to the Seven Mashiah Communities
1:4 Yohanan sends this to the seven Mashiah communitiesa
which are in [the Province] ASIA [in the Roman Empire]:

Grace to yoů all and shalom b

from [the Elohim], ☼<The One who is {☼ Exo 3:14 LXX}

and who was and who is to come>c,[→ 1:8]
and from the ‘Seven Spirits’ [4:5; 5:6; = seven stars 1:20]
that are before His throne, [Cf. 3:21]
1:5
and from Yeshua the Mashiah, who is the Faithful Witness,
the Firstborn from among the dead ones {/mss}d [Col 1:18]
and the Ruler over the kings of the earth.

1:5b
To this very Yeshua the Mashiah, the One who is loving us
and ☼has freed{/mss} us from our sins☼
by his own blood;
1:6
and made us people of ☼a kingdom and kohanime{/mss} [5:10]
to his Elohim and Father
— to him be the glory and the dominion
forever and ever. Amen!f

a 1:4ff Mashiah communities [+] ░ /x: churches (- anachronistic); /Churches – Weymouth; /congregations – Jubilee2k;
/x: assemblies – WEB, YLT; /x: Messianic communities – JNT;
b 1:4 shalom ░ [Heb. more than ‘peace’. More than saying ‘hello’] />> peace – most;
c 1:4, 8 <the One who is and who was and who is to come> ░ [also 11:17; cf. 4:8; cf. 16:5] (5x – referring to the

Elohim) ['the One who is to come' as the Elohim ← Rev 21:3; Cf. Rev 20:11; 1Co 15:24.]
d 1:6 from among the dead {/mss} ░ {/of the dead – KJV}; 1:6 freed{/mss} ░ {/washed}
e 1:6 a kingdom and kohanim ░ {/mss}/a kingdom, kohanim; /a kingdom of kohanim; [cf. 5:10 a kingdom and

kohanim] [Cf. Exo 19:6 "a kingdom of priests and a holy nation"
f 1:6, 7 Amen ░ [‘So shall it be’]
 1:7 Behold, ☼he-is-coming [22:7]

with the storm-clouds [of His Glory] [in Judgment];a [Mt 24:30b]
and every eye will see him,
even those who piercedb him with a spear,
and all the Tribes of the Land [of Yisrael] [7:4]
will grieve [over what waits for them]
in fear of him. [ Mt 24:30] [☼Zec 12:12] Yes! Amen!

1:8 “I, I am the Alpha and the Omega! {+mss}c” [= 21:6]

thus says ☼YHUH the Elohimd
— the One who is {☼ Exo 3:14 LXX}
and who was and who is to come [← 1:4; → 4:8]
— the Almighty. e
◊

a 1:7 He is coming ░ [This serves as the principal theme of the whole book of Revelation, placed at the beginning here
and at the closing (22:7, 12, 20).]
b 1:7 pierced ░ [ekkenteō (also in Jn 19:34). Cf. nussō (Jn 19:37; Mt 27:49 v.l.).]
c 1:8 Alpha – Omega {+mss} ░ [= 21:6. Cf. 22:13 same title for the risen Yeshua] [Α and Ω – first and last of Greek

letters]; {+ mss Beginning and End} /x: the beginning and the ending – KJV;
d 1:8 *YHUH the Elohim ░ [= 'YHUH Elohim' in Hebrew.] (kurios ho theos = 18:8; cf. 22:6); /Jehovah God – NWT;

/the Lord God – most; /> {/mss} the Lord – KJV++;

e 1:8 the Almighty ░ (ho Pantokratōr) [See 11:17 ‘O Adonai¡ El Shaddai’] [Cf. Gk. despota - Gen 15:2 LXX. – in the

sense of ‘the Supreme’.] [= the One who bestowed the revelation upon Yeshua - 1:1a] [the Elohim the Almighty El
Shaddai (= YHUH). Cf. ‘mighty god’ el gibbowr Isa 9:6]
Part I. The things which you have seen 1:9-20

Vision of a Son of Man

1:9 I — Yohanan, yoůr brother and the one who shares with yoů
in the tribulationa and in the kingdom and with patient endurance
— in {/mss}b Yeshua,
found myself [in exile] in the island called 'PATMOS',
because of [proclaiming] the Word of the Elohim and
because of the testimony on Yeshuac [they had kept]. [1:2; (6:9)]
1:10
I found myself caught up in [the power of] spiritd
on the Lord's daye
and I heard [from] behind me a powerful voice, [of Yeshua ← v. 17]
like that of a shofar blare,
1:11
saying
“{+mss}f What you are going to see,
write it on a scroll
and send it to the {seven} Mashiah communities {in the Province ASIA}g:
 to Ephesus and
 to Smyrna and
 to Pergamum and
 to Thyatira and
 to Sardis and
 to Philadelphia and
 to Laodicea.”

a 1:10 tribulation ░ [syn. Persecution] [not ‘God's wrath’ (11:17 etc.)]

b 1:10 in {/mss} ░ {/of}
c 1:10 (2x) Yeshua ░ /Jesus – most ;{/mss Yeshua the Mashiah} /Jesus Christ – KJV, NKJV;
d 1:10 caught up in the power of spirit ░ (also in 4:2; 17:3; 21:10) /x: in the Spirit;
e 1:10 in the Lord’s day ░ en tē Kuriakē hēmera [not a first day of the lunar week, nor Sunday

(of the planetary week in the Gregorian calendar), neither Sabbath day. Cf. judgment day.]
f 1:10 {+mss} ░ {I am the Alpha and the Omega, the First and the Last; and} - KJV
g 1:10 Asia ░ [Roman Province of Asia, in the western part of modern Turkey.]
1:12
And I turned to see whose voice was speaking to me.
And upon having turned
I saw seven ☼golden menorahsa standing; [4:5] {☼Zec 4:2}
1:13
and in the midst of these surrounding menorahs
saw ☼someone resembling a son of manb, [=14:14] {☼Dan 7:13; Ezk 1:26}
clothed with long-robe reaching the foot
and girded around the chest with a golden girdle.c
1:14
— And His head and His hair were white like white wool, like snow,
and ☼His eyes were like a flame of fire;
1:15
and His feet like burnished-bronze
as had been fired in a furnace,
and His soundd of voice like the sound of many waters.
1:16
— And He had in His right hand seven stars
and from His mouth a sharp two-edged sword coming out
and His appearance was as the sun shining in its might—
1:17
And when I saw Him, I fell down at His feet as if I were dead.
And He laid His right hand upon me, saying
“Fear not;
☼
I, I am the First, and the Last, e [2:8; 22:13] {☼Isa 44:6}
1:18
and the Living One
— yes, I was deadf,[2:8]
but, look, I’m now the living One into the ages of the ages —
and I’m holding [in my hand] the keys
to the Death and of the Hades. [Mt 16:18]
1:19
So then, write down what you have seen
— the things which are now
and those things which are about to take place afterwards.
1:20
((“The hidden meaningg of the seven stars [cf. seven sprits 1:4; 4:5]
which you saw upon my right hand
and the seven golden menorahs is this:
The seven stars stand for
the messengers [to be sent] to the seven Mashiah communities
and the seven lamps [on the menorah] stand for
these seven Mashiah communities.”)) [1:4]

a 1:12 menorah ░ (luchnia S3087 lampstand; H4051 menorah) ○ P Here, a seven branched one (Exo 25:32); cf. nine

branched Hanukkah menorah in the tradition of the rabbinic Judaism];

b 1:13 a figure resembling a son of man ░ (= 14:14) [‘son of human being’ - someone resembling a human being. The

Aramaic phrase in Dan 7:13 referring to a messianic figure. Cf. ‘the son of the man’ (‘*Son-of-man’ - IRENT; ‘the Son
of man’ - KJV), self-designation by Yeshua in the Gospels and Acts.]
c 1:13 clothed ~ girded ░ [high-priestly and royal.]
d 1:15 sound of voice ~ sound ░ (phōnē); /voice ~ sound – most;
e 1:17 the First and the Last ░ (= Yeshua, of the new creation, cf. Col 1:18) (‘First Cause’, not ‘First of Creation’)

[Cf. ← Isa 44:6; 48:12 = YHUH the Elohim.]

f 1:18 was dead ░ (egenomēn nekros) /died - ESV; /x: became dead; [died on the Cross. ‘God the Son’ dies?!]
g 1:20 hidden meaning ░ [musterion - 10:7 ‘hidden plan’]; /> secret meaning; /xx: mystery; /x: secret;
Part II. Things which are: Prophetic Messages: (2:1 – 3:22)
Letters to Seven Mashiah Communities
(Rev 2)
TO: 1 EPHESUS
2:1 “Write to the messengera of the Mashiah community
in Ephesus!
These are the things that the Oneb says
— who is holding the seven stars in His right hand
and who is walking
in the midst of the seven-branched golden menorah:
2:2
<I know of your worksc – the toil – and your patient endurance,
and how you cannot tolerate evil ones,
and have tested those
who claim to be apostles (but they are not)
and you found them out to be deceivers;
2:3
and you have patient endurance
and did bear for my name’s sake
and have not become-weary.
2:4 Nevertheless, there is this I hold against yoů:
that you have let go the love
which once you had alive at first.
2:5
Remember, then, from where you have fallen
and repent and do the works you had been doing at first;d
or else I’m coming to you {swiftly}
and will move your lamp-stand out of its place,
unless you repente
2:6
But there is this to be said in your favor,
that you hate the evil deeds of the Nicolaitans, [Act 6:5]
— the deeds I, I also hate.>
2:7 Let the one who has an ear listen to what the spirit [of the Elohim] says
to the Mashiah communities:
<To the one who comes off victorious [1Jn 5:4] I will grant to
☼
eat from the Tree of the Life, {☼Gen 2:9} [= 22:14, 19 cf. 'a tree of life' 22:2]
which is in the middle of the Paradisef of the Elohim.>

a 2:1 - 3:14 messenger ░ [messenger from Yohanan to the Ekklesia]; /x: angel;
b 2:1 the One ░ [= 1:10-17 ‘Son of Man’]; />> he – KJV; /
c 2:5 works ░ /> deeds – NIV;
d 2:5 the works ~ at first ░ [= reaching out people who want to know truth not to know anything among them

except Yeshua the Mashiah, crucified and risen, the Gospel.] /x: the things – NIV; [not ‘the first love’]
e 2:5ff repent ░ [here, its object is implicit, e.g. 'repent of something'. not ‘remorse’, ‘regret’, or ‘repair.]
f 2:7 paradise of the Elohim ░ [LXX – Gk. paradeisos Lk 23:43; 2Co 12:4; Heb. gan] [→ Garden in Eden – Gen 2:9;

'garden of YHUH' Isa 51:3; 'garden of God' Ezk 28:13]

TO: 2 SMYRNA
2:8 “And write to the messenger of the Mashiah community
in Smyrna !
These are the things that the First and the Lasta says [1:17; 22:13]
— the One who was dead and then lived again: [1:17]
2:9
<I know of your {deeds and} affliction and poverty
— but in truth you are rich —
and also know of the slander heaped upon you by those
who claim themselves to be Yehudim,b [3:9];
while in fact they are not,
but belong to a synagogue of the Satan. [3:9]
2:10
Do not fear the things which you are about to suffer:
((Look, the devil is about to have some of yoů
thrown into prison,
there to be ☼put to test
and to endure tribulation for ten days.)) {☼Dan 1:12, 14}
Be you remaining faithful, even to the point of death
and I shall bestow upon you the Laurel of Life.>
2:11 Let the one who has an ear listen to what the spirit [of the Elohim] says
to the Mashiah communities:
<The one who comes off victorious will not be harmed
by the Second Death [20:6, 14].>

a2:8 the First and the Last ░ [=1:17; 22:13] [of the new creation]
b 2:9ff Yehudim ░ [in the sense of people of the Tribe of Yudah 5:5 etc. e.g. Jn 4:22]; /xx:
*Jews – most (- anachronistic; anti-Semitic nuance);
TO: 3 PERGAMUS
2:12 “And write to the messenger of the Mashiah community
in Pergamum !
These are the things that the Onea says [1:17; 22:13]
— who has the sharp double-edged long sword:
2:13
<I know {of yours deeds and} where you dwell;
it is in the place where the Satan has its throne;b [cf. 12:9]
but there you are holding fast to my name
and have not denied your faith in me,
even in the days of Antipas, my faithful witnessc,
who was put to death right there beside yoů
— in the city where the Satan dwells
2:14 <But I have a few things against you,
because you have some there
holding the teaching of ☼Balaam [the prophet],
who taught ☼Balakd to put a stumbling block
before the children of Israel enticing them
to eat food offered to idols of false-gods,
thus to commit fornicatione.[2:20]
2:15
So you have also some who hold
the teaching of the Nicolaitans likewise{/mss}f.
{
2:16
Therefore,} repent,
or else I’ll come to you swiftly
and with the long sword from my mouth
I’ll fight against those people.>
2:17 Let the one who has an ear listen to what the spirit [of the Elohim] says
to the Mashiah communities:
<To the one who comes off victorious
I’ll give to him the manna that has been kept safely hidden [Cf. Exo 16:32]
and I’ll give him a white pebbleg
and upon the pebble is a new name [3:12] written,
which no one knows except the one who receives it.>

a 2:8 the First and the Last ░ [=1:17; 22:13] [of the new creation]
b 2:13 the throne of the Satan ░ (Cf. 13:2); [cf. (1) Temple of Zeus and (2) Temple for Caesar Augustus (AD 29); (3)
Temple of Aesculapius (‘physician’)]
c 2:13 witness ░ [S3144 martus (35x). Rendered as martyr in Rev 17:6. Cf. Act 22:20 (Stephen)]
d 2:14 Balak░ [Baal-worshiping king of the Moabites]
e 2:15ff fornication ░ [Throughout the Book, this is figurative for ‘idolatry’]
f 2:15 likewise {/mss} ░ {/which I hate}
g 2:17 white pebble ░ [‘to give a white pebble’ – an idiom of giving one’s approbation for virtue – Gill/Barnes];
TO: 4 THYATIRA
2:18 “And write to the messenger of the Mashiah community

in Thyatira!

These are the things that the son of the Elohim says
— the One who has His eyes like a flame of fire
and His feet are like polished bronze°:
2:19
<I know of your deeds — your love, faithfulness,
and service and patient-endurance.
In fact, what you are doing now
is greater than what you did at first.
2:20
But I have {a few things} against you that you tolerate {/mss}
the very woman {of yours}, ☼Jezebel, {☼1Ki 16:31 ff}
— who calls herself a prophetess —
to let her teach and deceive my servants
to commit fornication, [2:14]
eating food sacrificed to pagan idols of false gods.
2:21
And I gave timea to her so that
she should repent of her fornication,
but she did not change{/mss}.
2:22
Look, I will throw her onto a coffin
and as for those who commit adultery with her
I will throw them into great affliction,
unless they repent of their {her} works,
2:23
and I will strike her children down with deadly-plague.
And thus all the Mashiah communities will know

that I, I am the One

who is searching the minds and hearts
and I’ll repay each one of yoů
according to what yoů have done.
2:24 But to the rest of yoů in Thyatira,
who do not hold this teaching,
who have not come to know the so-called deep secrets of the Satan,
to you, I say, I’m not placing on yoů any other burden
2:25
beyond that yoů should hold fast what yoů have until I come.>

a
2:21 time ░ (chronos; Cf. ≠ kairos 12:14); /x: space – KJV; /
2:29
Let the one who has an ear listen to what the spirit [of the Elohim] says
to the Mashiah communities:
2:26
<And the one who comes off victorious,
and, that is, the one who keeps my works to the end:
To him ☼I’ll give authority over the nations
2:27
— And he shall rule them with an iron rod,
like the earthen vessels are {/mss} broken in pieces — {☼Psa 2:8ff}
2:28
as I also have received the same authority from my Father:
2:28
I will also give this person the morning stara.>
2:29
[transposed after v. 25]

a
2:28 the morning star ░ [= the planet Venus] (the bright morning star 22:16)
(Rev 3)

TO: 5 SARDIS
3:1
“And write to the messenger of the Mashiah community
in Sardis!

These are the things that the One says

— who has the {seven} spirits of the Elohim {Cf. Isa 11:2}
and the seven stars:

<I know of your deeds

— there, you are supposed to be alive
but in reality you are dead!
3:2
Become watchful and strengthen what remains,
which are about to die:
And indeed, what I have found is that,
in the eyes of {my} Elohim,
none of what you do have perfection.
3:3
Call to mind, then, how the message came to you and you listen to
— obey it and repent.
{Thus,} unless you do not watch, I’m going to come [suddenly]
just as a [roaring] bandit would come upon by surprise [16:15]
and you will never know what hour I will come upon yoů.
3:4
But you have a few names in Sardis
who did not defile their garments
and they will walk with me clothed in white;
because they are worthy and deserving.>
3:6
Let this one who has an ear listen to what the spirit [of the Elohim] says
to the Mashiah communities:
3:5
<The one who comes off victorious
will thus clothe himself in white garments,
and I will ☼never blot his name
from the scroll of the lifea [☼Psa 69:28]
and I will acknowledgeb his name
before my Father and before His messengers.>

a 3:5 scroll of the life ░ /book of life - most; [six times: 3:5, 13:8, 17:8, 20:12, 15, and 21:27 + 22:19 v.l.] [Cf.
‘tree of the life’ - 2:7; 22:2, 14, 19.]
b
3:5 acknowledge░ /declare; /confess; /
TO: 6 PHILADELPHIA
3:7
“And write to the messenger of the Mashiah community
in Philadelphia !
These are the things that the One says
— the holy One, the true One,
the One having ☼the key of Davida;
the One who opens [a door] [v.8] ((and no one will shut)) and
the One who shuts ((and no one opens)) —: {Isa 22:22}
3:8
<I know of your deeds
— Look! I have given before you
a door having been opened, which no one can shut —
that you have a little power
and kept my word and did not deny my name.
3:9
Look! I deal with those belonging to the synagogue of the Satan! [2:9]
— they claim they are Yehudim [2:9];
no, they are not, but in fact they are lying —
Look! I’m going to make them
come and prostrateb before your feet;
and they will come to know that I surely have loved yoů.
3:10
Because you have kept my word [of admonition]
to endure patiently,
I, I also will keep you
from the hour of trial of hardship and persecution,
that hour which is about to come upon the whole world,
to put them on test [of their faithfulness]
— those who dwell upon the land.
3:11
{Behold!} I’m coming swiftly!
hold fast what you have so that no one takes your crown.>
3:13
Let this one who has an ear listen to what the spirit [of the Elohim] says
to the Mashiah communities:
3:12 <The one who comes off victorious! —
I’ll make him a pillar in the Mishkanc of my Elohim
and he shall never depart from there.
and I’ll inscribe upon him the name of my Elohim
and the name of the City of my Elohim
— the New Yerusalem which comes down [→ 21:10]
out of the heaven from my Elohim —
and I’ll inscribe upon him {my} own new name as well.

a 3:7 key of David ░ [☼Isa 22:22 ‘key of the house of David’]

b 3:9 prostrate before ░ (prosekuneō – 22x in Rev; 4x 'worship the Elohim'; 18x 'bow down before') /bow down –
ESV, NASB, NET; /fall down – NIV; /x: worship – KJV; /> bow – NWT4; /x: do obeisance – NWT3; /
c 3:12ff Mishkan ░ (- Heb.; Gk. naos) [Cf. Temple – Gk. hieron, Heb. miqdash] (also 7:15; 11:1, 19; 14:15; 15:5,

6, 8; 16:1, 17; 21:22); /> temple sanctuary; /Temple – Geneva; /x: temple – KJV and most;
TO: 7 LAODICEA

3:14 “And write to the messenger of the Mashiah community

in Laodicea ! [Col 2:1]

These things – says the Amen,

the ☼Faithful and True Witness, {☼Psa 89:37}
the ☼ Beginninga of the [new] Creationb work of the Elohim: {☼cf. Pro 8:22} [Cf. Col 1:15]
3:15
<I know of your deeds:
how you are neither cold nor hot:
I wish-that you were either cold or hot.
3:16
So, because you are lukewarm, neither hot nor cold
I’m about to spew you out of my mouth.
3:17
Because you say
<☼How rich I’m! I have become wealthy, {☼Hos 12:9}
and don’t need nothing>, [Lk 18:9-14; Pro 18:11]
but you, with your own eyes, cannot see
how wretched and pitiful you are
— poor, blind, and naked,
3:18
here is my advice to you:
you are to buy from me gold refined by fire,
so that you may become genuinely rich,
that you are to buy white garments
so that you may clothe yourself
to hide your disgraceful nakedness,
and {that you are to buy} ointment to apply on your eyes
so that you may become able to see properly.

3:19
I, I ☼reprove and discipline {☼Pro 3:12}
all those I keep in my affection;
So get committed;
yes, come to change your thinking to turn!
3:20
Behold! I have come — standing at the door waiting . . . [cf. Jam 5:9]
and now [gently] keep knocking on!
If anyone listens to my voice and opens the door to me — [cf. Lk 12:36]
I’ll come in to be with them+. [cf. Lk 19:9]
Yes, I’ll have a meal [to enjoy] with them+
and shall they+ with me”.> [cf. Jn14:23]

a 3:14 Beginning ░ [Jn 1:1] [= Cause of all things’, not ‘first of created things’ (‘that which was begun’) as 'first
created' in BDAG, p. 138.] [See 22:13 ‘Beginning ~ End’];
b 3:14 the new creation ░ [not the creature, but creation work.] Not Genesis creation, but the new creation

through Yeshua the Mashiah of ‘a new heaven and a new earth’ 21:1.]
3:22
Let this one who has an ear listen to what the spirit [of the Elohim] says
to the Mashiah communities:
3:21
<The one who comes off victorious —
“I shall grant it to you to take your place
beside me on my throne”,
just as I, I too have come off victorious
and have taken my place with the Father of me
on His throne.> [cf. 1:4-5]
Part III. The Things Which Are About to Take Place (4:1 – 22:5)

Section A.

(Rev 4)
THE THRONE IN THE HEAVEN
4:1
After these things I saw
and, behold, a door standing-open in the heaven!
And the first voice which I heard
was like that of a shofar blowing
speaking to me, saying
“Come up here!
And I will show you the things
which must happen after these things.”
4:2
At once I came to be caught up
in [the power of] spirit [1:10] [to see a vision]
and behold!
☼
a throne was in place in the heaven
and on that throne someone has seated on it; [= v. 9; cf. Isa 6:1]
4:3
this throne{/mss} {was} like in appearance
to a stone — jasper and carnelian;
And there was a ☼rainbow encircling the main throne,
like an emerald in appearance.
4:4 And encircling the main throne
{were twenty-four thrones}
and seated on their thrones I saw ☼ twenty-four elders, a [11:16; cf. 20:4]
dressed in white garments,
and {they had} on their heads golden victor’s wreath.
4:5
And flashes of ☼lightning and rumblings and peals of thunders
came out from the main throne.
And there were ☼seven lighted torchesb
ablaze in front of the main throne,
which are the seven spirits [1:4; 5:6; Cf. seven stars 1:20] of the Elohim;
4:6a
and before the main throne,
there was as it were a sea of glass like a crystal.

a
4:4 twenty-four ░ [Note: 24 courses of kohanim; 24 books of Hebrew Scripture (OT)];
b
4:5 torches ░ (also 8:10) – NET, GW; /> lamps – NIV, KJV;
4:6b And in the center of the throne area
and encircling the main throne were ☼ four living-creatures
full of eyes, in front and back:
4:7
And the first living creature was ☼[having a face] like a lion
and the second living creature [having a face] like an ox
and the third living creature having a face of human
and the fourth living creature [having a face] like a flying eagle.
4:8
And these four living creatures,
☼each one having six wings,

are full of eyes around and under, {☼Isa 6:2 - seraphim; Ezk 1:18}
and, day and night, they do not cease, saying
“☼Holy, holy, holy 7is YHUH El Shaddaia, [21:22] {☼Isa 6:3a}
the One who was and who is and who is to come.” [← 1:8; → 11:7]
4:9 And when the living-creatures will give glory and honor and thanks
to the One seated on the throne; [= v. 2; cf. Isa 6:1]
He is the One living forever and ever,
4:10
the twenty-four elders will fall down
and worshipb the One seated on the throne,
and {will} lay down their wreath of victory before His throne,
saying
4:11
“Worthy are you alone, the Adonai, yes, our Elohim,c{/mss}
to receive the glory and the honor and the power [Cf. 5:12 as to the Lamb]
because you, you created all things
and on account of your will they came to be existing
— yes, they were thus created.” [5: 9-10]

a 4:8 YHUH El Shaddai ░ (Kurios ho Theos ho Pantokratōr) /the Lord God Almighty – most; /THE LORD GOD, THE
ALMIGHTY – NASB; /Lord God, the Almighty – HCSB; /the Lord God, the all-Powerful – NET; /Jehovah God, the
Almighty – NWT; [Cf. in vocative 'O Adonai El Shaddai!' 11:17; 15:3; 16:7] [S3841 pantokratōr (10x) – all in Rev
except one 2Co 6:18. Cf. 'YHUH Sabaot' Rm 9:29, Isa 1:9. (H6635 tsabaot 'hosts' 'armies']
b
4:10 worship ░ [S4352 proskuneō here, as to God] = 5:14;
c
4:11 the Adonai, yes, our Elohim {/mss} ░ (ho kurio kai ho theos hēmōn) (kai is appositive; not 'and'); /our Lord and
God; /Jehovah, even our God – NWT; {/kurie O Lord} – KJV; [rare examples of arthrous ho kurios for YHUH, not for
Yeshua. → 22:6]
THE SCROLL AND THE LAMB
(Rev 5)
5:1 And I saw in the right hand of the One seated on the throne
a scroll-book written inside and on the reserve side,
having been sealed up with seven seals.
5:2
And I saw a mighty messenger announcing with a loud voice,
“Who is worthy to open the scroll and to break its seals?”
5:3
And no one in the heaven or on the earth or under the earth,
was able to open the scroll or to look at it.
5:4
((And I myself was weeping a lot,
because no one was found worthy
to open and to read-aloud the scroll or to look at it.))
5:5
And one from the elders says to me,
“Do not weep;
behold,
the Lion that is from the tribe of Yehudaha,
— the Root of David —b [22:16; Mt 1:1, 23; Rm 1:3]
has come off victorious
to open the scroll and its seven seals.”))
5:6 And I saw in the center of the throne area [7:17]
encircled by the four living creatures [4:6] and the elders,
a Lamb standing, [Jn 1:29, 36]
as one having [just] been slaughtered,
having seven horns and seven eyes
— the eyes are the {seven} Spirits of the Elohim [4:5; 1:4]—
sent out to the whole earth.
5:7
And He came and He takes {the scroll}
out of the right hand of the One seated on the throne.
5:8
And when He had taken the scroll,
the four living creatures and the twenty-four elders
fell down before the Lamb,
each one having a harp and golden bowls full of incense,
which are [full of] the prayers of the God's holy people.
5:9
And they sing a new song, saying,
“Worthy are you to take the scroll
and to open its seals:
because you were slaughtered
and you bought {us} for the Elohim with your blood
persons from out of every tribe and language
and people and nation,

a
5:5ff Yehudah ░ /> Yudah; />> Judah - most; /x: Juda – KJV; / [See BW ‘Judah’ ‘Jew’ ‘Judas’]
b
5:5 Root of David ░ [‘Root, David is from’ + ‘Root from David’] [Cf. Isa 11:1, 10 ‘Root of Jesse’.]
5:10
and made them{/mss} to be to our Elohim
☼a kingdom{/mss}1 and kohanim, [1:6]

and they{/mss} shall reign [20:6] over the eartha as kings.”

5:11 And I saw and I heard a voice of many messengersb
around the Throne
and around the living-creatures and the elders;
and their number was}
{
☼ myriadsc of myriads, thousands of thousands, {☼Dan 7:19}
5:12
saying with a mighty voice,
“Worthy is the Lamb
who has been slaughtered
to received the power and wealth
and wisdom and strength
and honor and glory and praise!” [Cf. 4:11 as to Elohim]
5:13 And every creature
which is in the heaven and on the earth
and under the earth and on the sea
— yes, those from everywhere —
I heard, all these together saying
“To the Elohim – the One seated on the throne,
and to the Lamb,
Be the blessing and the honor
and the glory and the power,
forever and ever.”
5:14
And the four living creatures said,
“Amen.”
And the elders fell down and worshipede
{the One living into the ages of the ages}.

a 5:10 over the earth ░ [epi tēs gēs (Rev 2:26 'authority over')] /x: on the earth – KJV;
b 5:11 messengers ░ – YLT; /angels – most; /
c 5:11 myriads ~ thousands ░ [Gk. murias – ‘ten thousand’; chilias – ‘thousand’]
d 5:12 receive ░ [i.e. in our 'worship'. Not that he is as God, but we worship him as to God. cf. 'worship' only to God]
e 5:14 worshiped ░ [S4352 proskuneō] = 4:10;
(Rev 6)

SEVEN SEALS AND SEVEN SHOFARS

THE SEVEN SEALS – 1st to 6th SEALS

Four Horsemen (☼Zec 6:1-5; 1:8) [// Mt 24:3-8]
6:1
And I saw
that{/mss} the Lamb broke open first of the seven seals
and I heard one of the four living creatures
saying with a voice like a sound of thunder,
“Go!” {/mss}
6:2
And I saw and, look,
a ☼white horse!a {☼Zec 6:3}
And the one seated upon it had a bow,
and a victor’s wreath was given to him
and he was riding out, conquering, yes, to conquer out.

6:3
And when he broke open the second seal,
I heard the second living creature, saying
“Go!”
6:4
And another horse came forth, a ☼fiery-red horse!
And to the one who sat on it was granted permission
to take peace away from the land,
people turning to slay one another;
yes, there was given to him a large sword [for slaughter].
6:5
And when he broke open the third seal,
heard the third living creature, saying
“Go!”
And I saw, look, a ☼black horse!
And the one who sat on it had a pair of scales in his hand.
6:6
And I heard what sounded like a voice there
in the midst of where the four living creatures encircled, [4:6]
saying
“Two pounds of wheat
for a denarius — [a day’s wage]!
and six pounds of barley
for a denarius!
As for the olive tree and the vine,
you’re to keep them spared [from destruction].”

a 6:2 white horse ░ [Here the rider is an anti-Messiah, in contrast to the one in 19:11 where the rider is the Messiah.]
 6:7
And when he broke open the fourth seal,
I heard the voice of the fourth living creature, saying
“Go.”
6:8
And I saw and, look, a pale livid green ☼horse!
And as to the one who sat on it,
his name was ‘☼Death’
with Hades following behind.
6:8b
And there was given to them
authority over the fourth part of the earth,
to kill ☼with sword and with famine and with deadly-plague
and by the wild-beasts [11:7; 13:1ff] of the earth.

6:9
And when he broke open the fifth seal, this is what I saw:
[+ On earth down hear] beneath the ☼altar [of sacrifice]
there were the very personsa [→20:4]
who had been slain because of the Word of the Elohim
and for their bearing the testimony {on the Lamb}:
6:10
and they shouted with a great voice, saying [cf. Lk 18:7-8; 2Th 1:6-10]
“☼How long, O Sovereign Masterb, {☼Zec 1:12; Psa 79:5}
the Holy and True One, is it to be
before you bring judgment and ☼grant justice for our blood
against those who dwell on the earthc?”
6:11
And a white robe was given to them and they were told
that they should be patient a little while longer [cf. 10:6]
[to see their vindication] [→ 20:4-6],
until the full number should be filled [→7:9, 13-14, 15]
of both their fellow servants and their brothers
— those who were going to be killed
as they themselves had been killed [for the testimony of Yeshua] [1:9]. ⌂

a
6:9 persons ░ /souls – most [misleading to give a wrong picture of ‘dismembered souls/spirits’. See EE.]
b 6:10 Sovereign Master ░ [S1203 despotēs (10x) - sovereign master - Lk 2:29; Act 4:24; 2Pe 2:1; Jud 4; Rev 6:10]
c
6:10 on the earth ░ /?: upon the land; [cf. Mt 23:35]
 6:12 And I saw when he opened the sixth seal
and a great earthquake occurred,
and the ☼sun turned blacka like black sackcloth made of goat hair
and the {full} moon turned red as blood;b
6:13
and the stars of the heaven fell to the earth
like a fig tree sheds its unripe figs when shaken by a high wind.
6:14
And the ☼sky receded like a scroll
that is being rolled up,
and every mountain and every island were moved
out of their places. [cf. 16:20]
6:15
And the rulers of the land and the great men and the chief-captains
and the rich and the strong and every servant and {every} free man,
☼hid themselves in the caves

and in the rocks of the mountains;

6:16
and they ☼are saying to the mountains and to the rocks,
“Fall on over us and hide us
from the face of the One seated on the throne
and from the wrath of the Lamb”
6:17
because the great ☼day of the wrath on them {/mss} has come,
and who is able to stand? ⌂

a
6:12 sun ~ dark ░ [taking LXX Joel 2:31 skotos] Gk. melas - /black – most; [i.e. solar eclipse.]
b
6:12 moon ~ like blood ░ [‘blood moon’, i.e. lunar eclipse.]
(Rev 7)
Winds held until God's servants sealed:
7:1 After this I saw four messengers standing
at the four corners of the earth,
holding the four ☼winds of the earth,
so that no wind should blow on the land
or on the sea or upon any tree.
7:2
And I saw another messenger ascend from the east,
carrying a seal of living Elohim.
And he shouted with a great voice to the four messengers
to whom [power] was given to harm the land and the sea,
7:3
saying
“Do not harm the land,
nor the sea, nor the trees,
until we will have marked with seal
the servants of our Elohim on their foreheads.”
Yohanan heard 144,000 God's servants were marked:
7:4 And I heard the number of those servants having been marked with seal
— [as] 144 {/mss}a thousand, [14:1,3]
☼marked with seal from out of each tribeb of the sons of Israel:

7:5
Out of the tribe of Yehudah – twelve thousand marked with seal;
out of the tribe of Reuben – twelve thousand {+mss}c;
out of the tribe of Gad – twelve thousand {+mss};
7:6
out of the tribe of Asher – twelve thousand {+mss};
out of the tribe of Naphtali – twelve thousand {+mss};
out of the tribe of Menashsheh – twelve thousand {+mss};
7:7
out of the tribe of Shimon – twelve thousand {+mss};
out of the tribe of Levi – twelve thousand {+mss};
out of the tribe of Yissaskar – twelve thousand {+mss};
7:8
out of the tribe of Zebulun – twelve thousand {+mss};
out of the tribe of Yosef – twelve thousand {+mss};
out of the tribe of Benyamin – twelve thousand
were marked with seal [against the fury to come]. ⌂

a
7:4 144 ░ {/hundred and forty-four}; > {/140}; [Note: 144,000 = 12 x 12 x 1000]
b
7:4 tribe ░ [Note that Yosef is included along with Levi, while Dan and Ephraim are not in the tribal list –
both introduced idols into the family of Yisrael.] [Ezk 48:32 the name Yosef replaces that of Ephraim.][Cf.
the 12 tribes - Reuben, Shimon, Levi (Moses, Aaron, Yohanan the Baptizer, BarNabas) Yehudah (Cf.
David, Solomon, Kaleb, Yeshua), Yissaskar, Zebulun, Benyamin (cf. King Saul, Mordecai, Paulos), Dan
(Cf. Samson), Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Ephraim (Cf. Yoshua, Samuel) and Menashsheh 12 tribes – 1 (Levi)
– 1 (Yosef) + 1 (Ephraim) + 1 (Menashsheh) = 12 tribes]
c
7:5-8 {+mss} ░ {marked with seal – KJV+}
 Vision of Myriads Redeemed & Vindicated (v 14)
7:9 After these things I saw and, look!
a great crowd6:9],
which no one was able to number,
from out of every nation and tribes
and peoples and languages,
standing before the throne
and before the Lamb,
having clothed in white robes [6:11]
and ☼with palm frondsa in their hands. {☼Lev 23:40} [cf. Jn 12:13]
7:10
And they were shouting with a great voice, saying
“Salvation to our Elohim,
the One seated on the throne,
yes, to the Lamb.”
7:11 And all the angelsb were standing around the throne
and around the elders and the four living-creatures, [5:11-14]
and they fell before the throne on their faces
and worshiped the Elohim,
7:12
saying
“Amen: Blessing and glory
and wisdom and thanksgiving
and honor and power and strength
be to our Elohim forever and ever. Amen.”

7:13 ((And one of the elders addressed me, saying

“These clothed in white robes —
do you know who they are and from where they have come?”
7:14
And I said to him,
“Sir!c ☼You, you know [the answer].” [☼Ezk 37:3]
Then he said to me,
“These are ˹those who come out of the great tribulation˺ {Rev 14:1–5, 12–13}
and they washed their robes and made them white
in the blood of the Lamb.
7:15
That is why they are before the throne of the Elohim,
and they are serving Him day and night in His Mishkan;
And the One seated on the Throne
will spread His presenced over them.
7:16 ☼They will hunger no more, neither thirst anymore;

a
7:9 palm fronds ░ /> palm branches; [it was a motive in the Festival of Sukkoth (such as in Jn 7:2)]
b
7:9 angels ░ - most; /messengers – YLT; [IRENT 'messenger(s)' except here and 5:11]
c
7:14 Sir! ░ - KJV!, most; /my lord – NET, NASB; [Gk. kurie mou – vocative.]
d
7:15 spread His presence ░ [i.e. His shekhinah] [same verb 12:12; 13:6; 21:3; also, in Jn 1:14 ‘put his
place/presence’]
 the sun will not beat down on them, nor will any burning heat: {Isa 49:10}
7:17
because the Lamb who is in the center of the throne [5:6]
☼will shepherda them
and will guide them
to the fountains of living waters {/mss} {☼Isa 49:9-10}
☼and the Elohimb will wipe away

every tear from their eyes.” {☼Isa 25:8}))

(Rev 8)
8:1
And when the Lamb broke open the seventh seal,
there was a silence in the heaven about half an hour.

THE SEVEN SEALS – 7th SEAL

8:2 Then I saw the seven messengers, who stand in sight of the Elohim,
and seven shofars were given to them.
8:3
((And another messenger [of high priestly one] came
and, having with him a golden censer,
took his stand at the Altar.
And a large amount of incense was given to him
to add to the prayers of all the God's holy people,
to be laid upon the golden Altar
which was before the Throne.
8:4
There, the smoke of the incense was wafting up
along with the prayers of the saints
from the hand of the messenger standing in sight of the Elohim
8:5
Then the messenger took the censer to fill it
with some of the fire taken from the altar
and hurled it down to the earth
There came peals of thunders and rumbling and flashes of lightning
and an earthquake.))

a
7:17 shepherd ░ (S4165 poimainō; shepherd, rule – 2:27; 12:5; 19:15 care for, protect) /
b
7:17 the Elohim ░ /God – most; [‘Adonai YHUH’ (Lord GOD) – MT Isa 25:8.]
seven shofars – First 4 shofars

8:6
And the seven messengers who had the seven shofars
made themselves ready to blow them.
8:7
And the first messenger blew his shofar
and there became hail and fire, mingled with blood
and they were thrown upon the land
{and the third of the land was burnt up}
and the third of the trees was burnt up
and all the green grass was burnt up.

8:8
And the second messenger blew his shofar
and as it was a great mountain burning with fire
was thrown into the sea
and the third of the sea became blood;
8:9
and the third of the created things died which were in the sea
— yes, those living things [died].
and the third of the ships was destroyed.

8:10 And the third messenger blew his shofar

and a great star fell out of the heaven, blazing like a torch
and it fell upon the third of the rivers
and upon the springs of the waters;
8:11
and the name of the star is called 'Wormwood'
and the third of the waters became wormwood,
and many men died from the waters,
because they were made bitter.

8:12 And the fourth messenger blew his shofar

and the third of the sun and the third of the moon
and the third part of the stars was struck;
in order that the third of them should be darkened
and the day should not shine for the third of it
and the night likewise.
8:13 And I saw and I heard one eagle {/messenger},
flying in mid-heaven directly overhead,
saying with a great voice,
“How terrible, how terrible, how terrible!
for those who dwell on the earth,
because of the remaining shofar blare
from the three messengers [– 5th, 6th, and 7th –]
who are about to blow their shofars!”
(Rev 9)
1st Catastrophe = 5th Shofar
9:1
And the fifth messenger blew his shofar
and I saw a star [cf. messenger 20:1] out of the heaven that had fallen to the earth
and the key to the pit of the abyssa was given to him - the star.
9:2
And he opened the pit of the abyss
and smoke went up out of the pit, like the smoke of a great furnace,
and the sun and the air were darkened from the smoke of the pit.
9:3
And locusts came forth, out of the smoke upon the earth,
and power was given to them,
like the scorpions of the earth have.
9:4
And they were told that they should not hurt the grass of the earth,
neither any green thing, neither any tree,
but only those who do not have the seal of the Elohim
on their foreheads.
9:5
And it was given to them that they should not kill them,
but that they should be tormented five months
and their torment was like the torment of a scorpion,
when it stings a man.
9:6
And in those days men will seek death and will never find it,
and they will desire to die and death will flee from them.
9:7
And in appearance, the locusts were like horses prepared for battle,
and upon their heads as it was golden wreath
and their faces were like human faces.
9:8
And they had hair like the hair of women
and their teeth were like teeth of lions.
9:9
And they had breastplates, like iron breastplates,
and the sound of their wings was like the sound of chariots,
of many horses rushing to war.
9:10
And they have tails like scorpions, also stings,
and they have power to injure hmen with their tails for five months.
9:11
They have the agent from the abyss as king over them;
its name in Hebrew is °Abaddonb
and in Greek it has the name °Apollyonc

9:12 The first catastrophe has past.

Look! still coming are two more catastrophesd after these things.

a
9:1, 2 abyss ░ [S12 abussos (9x) Lk 8:31; Rm 10:7; Rev 9:1, 2, 11; 11:7; 17:8; 20:1, 3]
b 9:11 Abaddon ░ [Heb. ‘destruction’]
c 9:11 Apollyon ░ [Gk. ‘destruction’; not ‘destroyer’ – GNB, JUB, Bishops]
d 9:11 two more catastrophes ░ [2nd with 6th shofar (9:13-21) and 3rd with 7th shofar (11:15-19)]
2nd Catastrophe = 6th Shofar
9:13 And the sixth messenger blew his shofar
and I heard a voice – one from the {four} horns
of the golden altar — the one in sight of the Elohim,
9:14
one saying to the sixth messenger the one having the shofar,
“Release the four messengers
who are bound at the great river Euphrates.”
9:15
And the four messengers were loosed,
that had been prepared for this very hour,
yes, {for} [the period of] day and month and year,
to destroy the third of mankind.
9:16 ((And the soldiers on horseback [Ezk 38:4] numbered
{two} myriads of myriads! as I heard their number.))
9:17
And thus came into my vision were the horses
and those who sat on them, having breastplates
of fiery red and of hyacinth blue and of brimstone yellow;
The horses had their heads like those of lions,
and fire and smoke and brimstone came out from their mouths.
9:18
The third part of men was killed off
by these three plagues —
that is to say, the fire and the smoke and the brimstone,
which came out from their mouths.
9:19
for | the power of the horses resides in their mouth
and even in their tails:
in fact, their tails resemble serpents with heads,
yes, with these, they inflict injuries.
9:20 And the rest of hmen, who were not killed by these plagues,
still did not repent of the works of their own hands,
so as to turn away from bowing downa before demons
and ☼the idols of false gods,
made of gold and silver and bronze and stone and wood,
which can neither see, nor hear, nor walk:
9:21
moreover, they did not repent of their murders,
nor of their sorceries, nor of their fornication, nor of their stealing.

a9:20 bow down to ░ [= Rev 13:4, 8, 12, 15; 14:9, 11; 16:2; 19:20; 20:4] [S4352 proskuneō 'worship as
to God' (3:9 etc.)] /xx: worship – most; /bow before – YLT; /do homage to – Darby;
Narrative Interlude 10:1-11: 12

Narrative Interlude
10:1 – 11:12

(Rev 10)
The Little-Scroll
10:1 And I saw
another ‘mighty heavenly messenger’
coming down out of the heaven, wrapped with a cloud,
and the rainbow was upon his head
and his face was like the sun
and down to his feet like pillars of fire;
10:2
and having in his hand a little-scroll opened-up
and he placed his right foot upon the sea
and his left upon the land;
10:3
and he cried with a great voice, like a lion that roars
and when he cried, the seven thunders uttered their voices.
10:4
And when the seven thunders uttered their voices,
I was about to write them down
but [just then] I heard a voice out of the heaven, saying
“Hold! seal up what the seven thunders uttered;
yes, do not write them down.”
10:5 And this messenger whom I saw there standing
— with his feet both on the sea and on the land — [← v.1]
☼lifted up his right hand toward the heaven, {☼Deu 32:40; Dan 12:7}

10:6
and swore by the One who lives forever and ever,
☼ who created the heaven and all the things in them
and the earth and all the things in it
and the sea and all the things in it: {☼Neh 9:6; also, Exo 20:11; Psa 146:6}
this is what he thundered down:
“[Soon] there shall be not much time left any morea
[to the final judgment]. [cf. 6:11]
10:7
No, when the time comes for the voice of the seventh messenger
to be heard when he shall be blowing his shofar, [→ 11:15]
then shall the hidden planb of the Elohim have been accomplished,
which He brought in good news to His servants,
{yes,} the prophets.”

a
10:6 time left any more ░ /x: time no longer – KJV; /x: delay – most, ASV; /x: waiting - ERV;
b
10:7 hidden plan ░ /x: hidden purpose; /xx: mystery; /x: secret;
 Eating the Little-Scroll (Commissioning God’ message to proclaim – Ezk 2 & 3)
10:8 And the voice which I heard out of the heaven,
I heard it again speaking with me and saying
“Go! Take the scroll
which is open in the hand of the messenger
who is standing upon the sea and upon the land.”
10:9
And I went to the messenger, saying to him to give me ☼the little-scroll.
And he says to me,
“▪☼Take it and eat it up, and it will make your belly bitter,
 but in your mouth it will be sweet like honey.”
10:10
 And I took the little-scroll out of the messenger's hand and ate it up,
 and it was in my mouth sweet like honey
▪ and when I had eaten it, my belly was made bitter. [☼Ezk 2:8; 3:1-3]
10:11
And they speak to me,
“You must ☼to utter prophecy again over many peoples
and nations and languages and kings.” [☼Jer 1:10; 25:30; Dan 3:4; 7:14]

SEVEN PLAGUES AND HOUR OF POWER

(Rev 11)
Measuring the Temple
11:1 Thus, there was given to me a measuring rod like a staff,
and {a messenger stood}, saying
“Rise and measure off the Mishkan of the Elohim
and the Altar [of Incense]
and those who worship in it.
11:2
And as to the courtyard, which is outside the Mishkan,
leave that out and do not measure it;
because it has been given to the nations
and they will trample on the Holy Citya [Cf. Lk 21:24]
forty-two months. [= 1260 d = 3 ½ yr.]

Two Witnesses
11:3 “And I shall give a taskb to my two witnessesc,[→ 11:7, 11]
and they’ll prophecy
one thousand two hundred and sixty days [= 42 mo. = 3½ yr.]
— clothed in sackcloth. [cf. Act 1:8]

a 11:2 trample the Holy City ░ [→ Fall of Yerusalem to shortly occur in CE 70.] [= Great City v. 8 →Yerusalem]
b 11:3 give a task ░ /orders – BBE; /give x: power - KJV; /x: grant authority – ESV, NET; /x: allow – GW; /
c 11:3 two witnesses ░ [Cf. Olive tree = Yisrael (Rm 11:17 etc.); Menorah → Mashiah community (Rev 1:20)] [See

EE for various fanciful, fictive, and fallacious interpretations.]

 11:4
((These are [symbolized by] the ☼two olive-trees [Cf. Jer 11:16] [Cf. Rm 11:17]
and also by the two menorahs, [Cf. 1:20]
standing in the presence of the Lord of the earth.a [☼Zec 4:11, 14]
11:5 Indeed if anyone wants to harm them,
fire comes forth from their mouth and devours their enemies,
and if anyone wants to harm them,
he must be killed in this manner.
11:6
These have the power to shut the gates of the heaven,
that ☼rain ceasing to fall [☼1Kg 17:1 – Eliyahu]
during the days they are prophesying
and they have power over ☼the waters to turn into blood
as well as to strike the earth [☼Exo 7:17, 19f – Moses]
with every kind of plague, whenever they want.))
11:7 However, when the time comes for these two
to have completed their witnessing,
the wild-beast [6:8; 13:1ff] that comes up out of the abyssb
will attack them to defeat and put them to death.
11:8
And their dead bodies shall lie
alongside the Broadway of the Great Cityc, [→ 17:18]
((It is in a spirital sensed called ☼'Sodom', [☼Jer 50:39; Isa 13:19]
even [Pharaoh’s] Egypte))
— the very place where also their Lord was crucified.
11:9
And those from among the peoples and tribes
and languages and nations
{will} look at their dead bodies three and a half ‘years’ [= 42 mo.]
as they {will} not allow their dead bodies
to be put in a tomb.
11:10
And those dwelling on the land will gloat over them,
call for celebration and congratulate one another with gifts;
because these two Prophets [when alive] had ‘tormented’
those who dwell on the land.
11:11 But after the three and a half ‘years’
spirit of life from the Elohim entered into them
and they rose to their feet;
and great fear fell upon those who saw them.”
11:12
Then a great voice out of the heaven came down to them{/mss}f
saying <Come up here!>.
And they went up into heaven in a cloud [10:1]
as their enemies looking on.

a
11:3 the Lord of the earth ░ [Zec 4:14 'adon', not 'adonai'] [Cf. Act 17:24 'the Elohim ~~ Lord of heaven and earth']
b
11:7 abyss ░ [S12 abussos (9x) Lk 8:31; Rm 10:7; Rev 9:1, 2, 11; 11:7; 17:8; 20:1, 3]
c 11:8 Great City ░ [= Holy City 11:2 = points to Yerusalem] [→ 17:18]
d 11:8 in a spirital sense ░ /> spiritually; [‘not literally’, but more than ‘figuratively’]
e 11:8 [Pharaoh’s] Egypt ░ [Heb. Mitsrayim]
f 11:12 them{/mss} ░ {they-heard} vs. {/I-heard}
11:13
And in that hour there became a great earthquake,
the tenth part of the City falling to the ground,
and there were killed in the earthquake
seven thousand persons
and the rest became terrified
and gave due honor to the Elohim of the heaven.
11:14 The second catastrophe is past:
look, the third catastrophe is coming quickly: [→ 11:15; 15:1ff]

3rd Catastrophe = 7th Shofar

11:15 And then the seventh messenger blew his shofar, [←10:7]
and there became great voices in the heaven and they said,
“The kingdom{/mss} of the world now has become overtaken
the Kingdom of our Lord and of the Mashiah of the Elohim
and will reigna into the ages of the ages [on this earth].”
11:16 And the twenty-four elders,
who sit in sight of the Elohim on their thrones, [4:4; cf. 20:4]
fell upon their faces and worshiped the Elohim,
11:17
saying
“We give you thanks, O Adonai¡ El Shaddai,b[15:3; 16:7]
the One who is and who was {and who is to come} [← 1:4; Cf. 16:5]
because you have taken your great power and reigned.
11:18
And ☼the nations were angered, [ ☼Psa 2:1]
yes, now has Your wrath come!
and the time has come for the dead to be judged
and the time to give their reward
— to your servants the prophets,
indeed, to your holy people,
and to those who fear your name,
from both low and high alike
It is also the time to destroy
thosec who are destroying the land!”
11:19
And the Mishkan of the Elohim, which is in the heaven, was opened, [Eph 3:12]
and the ark of His covenant was seen in His Mishkan,
and there became ☼lightning and rumbling and thunders [ ☼Exo 9:16]
and an earthquake and a heavy hailstorm. [☼Exo 9:24]

↓↓ (Main theme continues to Ch. 15:1ff)

a11:12 will reign ░ {basileusei -V-FIA-3S} /he will/shall reign – most; /

b
11:17 O Adonai¡ El Shaddai ░ [= 15:3; 16:7]; [Kurie ho Theos ho Pantokratōr – vocative]; /Lord God
Almighty – most; [Cf. Rev 22:11 Kurios ho Theos ho Pantokratōr – (nominative) 'YHUH the Elohim, the
Almighty'] ['El Shaddai' (Gen 17:1; 35:11; Exo 6:3)]
c 11:18 those ~ destroying ░ [=the dragon and the beasts]
Book II

DRAGON, BEAST, AND IMAGE OF BEAST

((Rev 12))
THE LADY AND THE DRAGON (Signs #1 & #2) 12:1-12:18
↓↓
IN HEAVEN - LADY, CHILD, and DRAGON
12:1 And a great signa appeared in the heaven:
There, a Lady b clothed with the ☼sun!
The moon was under her feet
and upon her head a wreath made up of twelve stars; {☼Gen 37:9-10}
12:2
and she was pregnant and was crying out,
being in labor and in pain of giving birth.
12:3 And another sign was seen in the heaven:
And look, a great fiery-red Dragon , c [= Satan v.9]
having seven heads and ten horns
and upon each head was a diadem-crown.
12:4
And with its tail the dragon swept away
the third part of the stars of the heaven,
dragging them down to the earth. [Dan 8:10]
And the Dragon took up its stand before that Lady
who was about to give birth,
so that, as soon as she would be giving birth to her child,
it may devour it.
12:5 And she gave birth to a son, d a male child [Isa 66:7,8] [Cf. v.17]
— who is about to rule all the nations ☼with an iron rod {☼Psa 2:9} —
and her child was caught up to the Elohim and to His throne.
12:6
And the Lady fled into the desert-wilderness,
where she has a place prepared by the Elohim,
that there they may is cared for safely
a thousand two hundred and sixty days. [v. 6→v. 14]

a 12:1 sign ░ (sēmeion S4592 – not 'miracle'; /x: wonder – KJV; /xx: marvel – Weym; /xx: mysterious sight – GNB;
b 12:1, 4, 6, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 Lady ░ /> Woman; [In IRENT Gk. gunē is rendered ‘Lady’ (in Ch. 12) vs. ‘Woman’ (in
Ch. 17), differently to help not be confused between the two.] [Cf. ‘Lady’ – representing Israel. Cf. Gen 3:15.]
c 12:3, 7, 9, 13, 17; 13:2, 4 Dragon ░ [masc. – taking pronoun he, his, him]
d 12:5 a son ░ [representing a Jesus figure? How so? The Church?]
 HEAVEN TO EARTH: MICHAEL AND DRAGON
12:7 ((And there broke out a battle in the heaven,
Michaela and the anglesb with him
battling against the Dragon.
The Dragon and its agentsc, for their part,
fought back.
12:8
But they did not prevail;
there was no longer a place found for them any more in the heaven.
12:9
And the great Dragon was thrown down
— the Serpent, the primeval one, [20:2] {☼Gen 3:1, 14}
which is called 'Devil'd [‘slanderer’],
yes, the Satan [‘adversary’],
the deceiver of the whole worlde —
it was thrown down to the earth [Lk 10:18; Jn 12:31; 1Jn 3:8] [cf. Jn 16:11]
and its agents were thrown down with it.)) [→ 20:2-3]

12:10 And I heard a great voice in the heaven, saying

“Now [at last] have come the salvation and the power
and the kingdom of our Elohim and the authority of His Mashiah,
because the accuserf of our brethren
has been thrown down,
which accuses them in sight of the Elohim day and night.
12:11
And they conquered it
by the blood of the Lamb
and by the word of their testimony,
and they did not love their soul clinging to life,
— not even to death.
12:12
Rejoice, then, O the heavens,
and all yoů who dwell in them.
But how terrible to {the ones inhabiting} the land and to the sea:
because the devil has come down to yoů
in fierce anger,
knowing well that he has but a short time remaining.”

a 12:7 Michael ░ [In N.T. only here and Jude] [‘the archangel Michael’ Jud 9; Cf. ‘a chief prince’ in Dan 10:13] [Cf.
Gabriel – Lk 1:19, 26 as well as Dan 8:16; 9:21.] [Not ‘Jesus’]
b 12:7 Michael and his angels ░ [Cf. 19:14 'the armies ~~ in heaven' [the angels in heaven?]
c
12:7 agents ░ />> angels – most;
d
12:9 Devil ░ [IRENT capitalized in NT only here (title) and in 20:2 as in the phrase ‘Devil, yes, the Satan’]
e
12:9 the whole world ░ [including ‘us’ and religions of Judaism and Christian religions]
f
12:10 the accuser ░ [i.e. Devil ‘slanderer’ v. 9.]
 ON EARTH: DRAGON, LADY AND HER CHILD (Dragon Persecuting the Lady)
12:13 And when the Dragon saw that he was thrown down to the earth,
he began to persecute the Lady
who had given birth to the male child: [← v.5]
12:14
((Indeed, [as if] the two ☼wings of the great eagle
had-been given to the Lady,
to fly out [to flee] into the desert-wilderness to her place,
where she is cared for safely
☼
for ☼a time and times and half a time [= 3½ years]
—away from the ‘face’ of the serpent.)) [v. 14← v. 6]
12:15 And look! the Serpent spewed water out of his mouth, like a river,
after the Lady
in attempt to make her swept-away-by-a-river.
12:16
but the earth [came to] help the Lady,
opened its mouth to swallow up the river
which the Dragon spewed out of his mouth.
12:17
And the Dragon flew into rage with the Lady
and went off to wage war against the rest of her seed, a [← v.5]
those keeping the commandments of the Elohim
and holding to the testimony about Yeshua,
[12:18]
and took his stand {/mss} on the shoreb of the sea. ⌂

↓↓
((Rev 13)) 13:1-18 Two Beasts
THE SEA-BEAST: (Sign #3) 13:1-13:10
The ten-horned Sea-Beast – (looked like Leopard-Bear-Lion)
13:1 The next thing I saw was this:
a beast coming-up out of the ☼ seac,[6:8; 11:7; 13:2ff]
having ten horns and seven heads:
and on the horns — ten diadem-crowns
and upon each head — a blasphemous name{/mss} [13:7; 17:3].
13:2
And this sea beast that I saw was like a ☼leopard,
And its feet like those of a ☼bear,
and its mouth like the mouth of a ☼lion.
((And to it the Dragon [← 12:17] gave his own power and his throne,
and conferred great authority.))
13:3
And I saw one of its heads as though it had received deadly blow,
but its fatal wound was healed;
and the whole earth followed after this sea beast
with admiration;
a 12:17 the rest of her seed ░ [= children of Israel who keep the commandments and have faith in Yeshua.] /the
remnant of ~ - KJV; /
b 12:18 shore ░ [Gk. sand]
c 13:1ff; 14:9ff; 15:2ff Sea Beast ░ [sea – metaphoric for humanity] [Cf. ‘beast’ 6:8; 11:7; 16:2ff; 17:3ff; 19:19ff;

20:4ff.]
 13:4
and they bowed down to the Dragon
who gave his authority to this sea beast,
and they also bowed down to the sea beast,
exclaiming “Who is equal to the sea beast
and has power to wage war against it?”
13:5
And the sea beast was given a mouth
uttering pompous-things and blasphemous words;
and was allowed to exercise ruling authority this way
forty-two months. [42 mo.]
13:6
And it opened its mouth for blasphemies against the Elohim
— to blaspheme His name {and His dwelling placea},
even{/mss} {those who dwell in the heaven.
13:7 {
And it was allowed to ☼make war on the God's holy people
{and to conquer them}}. {☼Dan 7:21}
And authority was given to it
over every tribe {and people} and language and nation.
13:8 a
And all who dwell1 on the earth will bow down to the sea beast;
b none of them have their names stand written
d  since the world’s foundingb [17:8]
c in the scroll of the life belonging to the Lamb [cf. Jn 1:29]
who had been slaughthered.
13:9 ((If anyone has an ear, let him listen:
13:10
If anyone leads people ☼into captivity{/mss},
[wait!] into captivity he is to go:
If anyone kills{/mss} people with the sword,
[wait!] with the sword he must be killed. [cf. Mt 26:52] {? ☼ Jer 15:2}
Here comes the patient-endurance
and the faith-fullness of the holy people.))
↓↓
THE LAND-BEAST: (Sign #4) 13:11-13:18
Two-Horned Land-Beast – (like a lamb) [→19:20; 20:10]
13:11 And I saw another beast coming up out of the land: [→ the False Prophet 16 :13]
And it had a pair of horns like a lamb
and it spoke like a dragon;
13:12
and exercised all the ruling authority
of the first Beast, the one from the sea [←13:1-10]
before its very eyes;
and it made the earth and those who dwell on it
to bow down to the first Beast from the sea
— the one whose fatal wound had now healed;
13:13
and it performs great signs, even making fire
come down out of the heaven

a 13:6 dwelling place ░ (skēnē) = 21:3, (Tent) 15:5; /x: tabernacle – KJV;
b 13:6 since the world’s founding ░ [this phrase is not to be placed after the phrase 'had been slaughtered'.]
 upon the earth in the sight of everyone.
13:14 And this Land Beast deceived those who dwell on the land
by these signs he was permitted to perform
before the very eyes of the Sea Beast,
telling those who dwell on the earth,
to make an image of the Sea Beast
who had been [fatally] wounded by the sword but still lived;
13:15
and it was granted to him to put breath into the image of the Sea Beast{/mss}
enabling the Beast to speak;
and put anyone to death who refuses to bow down to the Beast.

13:16 And the Land Beast forced everyone

— both small and great, both rich and poor,
both free men and slaves —
to get branded a mark [cf. God’s mark – Ezk 9:4-6] [14:9; cf. 14:1]
☼
upon their right hand or their forehead; a [vv. 14-16 →20:4c] {☼Deu 16:8}
13:17
so that no one can buy or sell,
except those bearing this mark,
— which is the [blasphemous] nameb belonging to the Sea Beast [13:1]
or the number belonging to its name.
13:18
((Here comes the wisdom [17:9] [one needs]:
As for the one who has insight, let him figure out
[the meaning of] that number belonging to the Sea Beast;
one should know
it is [actually] a number belonging to [something of] human
{yes,} the number is: six-hundred sixty sixc)). [→ 15:2]

((Rev 14))
↓↓

a 13:16 forehead ~ hand ░ (20:4) [figurative (forehead → mind, thoughts; hand → action). Cf. phylactery]
b 13:17 name ░ /title [i.e. one of the names on the seven heads of the First Wild-beast – 13:1];
c 13:18 six-hundred sixty six ░ /666; {/616} [Note: various attempts to identify a particular historical person,

using gematria.]
 INTERLUDE: The Lamb and the 144,000 (14:1-5) (cf. 7:4)
14:1 And I saw, look!
{the} Lamb standing on the Mount Zion [7:4] and with Him {a number,}
a hundred and forty-four thousand, (144,000=12x12x1000)
having {His name [Yeshua] and}
the name of His Father [YHUH]
written on their foreheads. [cf. 14:9]
14:2
And I heard a sound [coming down] out of the heaven,
like the sound of many waters
and like the sound of a loud thunder.
And the sound that I heard was
like that by harpists playing on their harps:
14:3
and they sing {as it were} a new song before the Throne
and before the four living-creatures and the elders
and no one could learn the song,
except the hundred and forty-four {/141} thousand,
who had been bought out of the earth.
14:4
{These are those who have ☼not defiled themselves with women;
indeed, they are pure and chaste as virgins.}
These are those who follow the Lamba
wherever He goes [as martyrs and soldiers].
These were bought {by Yeshua} from among people,
as a ☼firstfruits{/mss} to the Elohim and to the Lamb.
14:5
And ☼no lie{/mss} was found in their mouth
{for} | they are unblemished {before the throne of the Elohim}.
↓↓
The Messages of the Three Messengers: (Signs 5) (14:6-13)
14:6  And I saw a{/mss} messenger flying in mid-heaven,
having a message of eternal good news to bring
to those who dwell on the land
and to every nation and tribe and language and people,
14:7
saying [it] with a great voice:
“Fear the Elohim{/mss}b and give Him glory;
because the hour of His judgment has come.
And worship Him who made the heaven and the earth, c [☼Gen 1:1]
and sea and springs of waters.”
14:8 And another messenger, who followed him, saying
“☼Fallen! Fallen is Babylon the great, [= 18:2, 21; ☼Isa 21:9; Cf. Jer 51:8]
who has made all the nations to drink
from the ☼wine of God's furyd on her fornication.” [☼Jer 51:7] [17:2; 18:3]

a 14:4 follow the Lamb ░ [= 'worship whom Yeshua worships']

b
14:6 God {/mss} ░ {the Lord (arthrous kurios)} [Cf. YHUH or Adonai for anarthrous kurios};
c
14:7 made the heaven and the earth ░ [Cf. Col 1:7 'things created in the heavens and on the earth' – in
the new creation by Yeshua the Mashiah};
d 14:8 fury on her fornication ░ /x: wrath of her fornication – most;
 14:9 And a third messenger, followed them, saying with a great voice,
“If anyone bows down to the wild-beast and its imagea
and receiving to carry a mark
upon one’s forehead [cf. 14:1] or upon one’s hand,b
14:10
then they+ shall indeed drink of the wine of the fury of the Elohim.
[from God's pure justice manifesting]
— which is ☼poured, now unmixed [with mercy any more],
into the vessel of His wrath — [☼Isa 51:17; Psa 75:8; Jr 25:15]
to be tormented with fire and brimstone
in the presence of the holy messengers
and in the presencec of the Lamb.
14:11
And  the ☼smoke of the fire that tormented them is going up
▪ forever and ever;
▪ and day and night [☼Isa 34:10]
 they have no rest [+till their destruction]
for those who bows down to the wild-beast and his image
and whoever receives and carries the mark bearing its name.”
14:12
((Here comes in the patient endurance
on the part of the God's holy people,
those who keep the commandmentsd of the Elohim
and hold to their faith in Yeshua)).
14:13 And I heard the voice out of the heaven, saying
“Write this:
<Blessed be the dead ones
— those who die in the Lord>
“From now on, {yes indeed},” says the spirit [of the Elohim],
“let them rest from their labors,
for what they have done will follow them.”

↓↓

a 14:9 (beast) with its image ░ [the first wild-beast]; /and its image; /or its image – Cass; /x: ~ statue;
b 14:9 forehead ~ hand ░ (13:16; 20:4) [figurative (forehead = mind = thoughts; hand = action)]
c 14:10 in the presence ░ /before; (Gk. enōpion) [cf. 2Th 1:9 apo prosopon ‘from the presence of’]
d 14:12 commandments ░ [= Torah – instructions and teachings; not ‘law’ ‘ordinances’ ‘precepts’]
 THE LAST HARVEST OF THE EARTH: (Signs 6) (14:14-20)
14:14 And I saw
and look! there was a white cloud!
and seated on the cloud was
a figure ☼resembling a son of mana [=1:13] {☼Dan 7:13; 10:16}
having on His head a golden wreath of victory
and in His hand a sharp sickle.
14:15 And another messenger came out from the Mishkan,
shouting with a great voice to the one who sat on the cloud,
“☼Thrust in your sickle and gather up:
as the time to gather up has come; [☼Joel 3:13]
now that the crop on the earth is ripe!”
14:16
And the one who sat on the cloud swung his sickle over the earth,
and the earth was harvested. 
14:17 Another messenger came out from the Mishkan
which is in the heaven,
and he also had a sharp sickle.
14:18 And another messenger came out from the Altar,
one having authority over the fire,
and called with a great outcry
to the one who had the sharp sickle, saying
“☼Thrust in your sharp sickle out [☼Joel 3:13]
and gather in the clusters-of-grapes
{from the vineyardb} of the earth;
because its grapes are now ripe.”
14:19
And the other messenger then thrust his sickle over the earth
and gathered up from the vineyard of the earth
and tossed it into the wine-press
— the great winepress, of the anger of the Elohim.
14:20
And the winepress was stomped on outside the City [☼Joel 3:13; Isa 63:3]
and there came out blood from the winepress,
as deep as reaching the horses’ bridles
for a distance of almost two hundred miles. ⌂

a 14:14 a figure resembling a son of man ░ [i.e. someone resembling a human being – a Messianic figure in Dan 7:13.
See fn in 1:13. Cf. the *Son-of-man as Yeshua’s circumlocution for ‘I’.]
b 14:18, 19 vineyard ░ [S288 ampelos vine → vineyard. See Jn 15:1] – HCSB, GNB, Douay; /x: vine – most;
↓↓ (continuous from 11:19)
(Rev 15)
THE SEVEN PLAGUES: (Sign 7) (15:1-16:21)
15:1 And I saw another sign in the heaven,
great and astounding:
seven messengers having in their charge ☼seven plagues [☼Lev 26:21]
— these [soon to be poured out] are the final ones
((they are final because it is with them that
[the expression of] the anger [16:1] of the Elohim is going to be completed up)).

15:2 And I saw something like a glassy sea

mingled with fire,
and there those who had come off victorious
over the 1st wild-beast
yes, over its image,
over [the one who has] the number representing its name. [← 13:18]
— they were standing by this glassy sea,
holding in their hands harps received from the Elohim.
15:3
And they are ☼singing the song of Moses, the servant of the Elohim, [☼Exo 15:1; Jos 14:7]
and the song of the Lamb,
saying
“Great and marvelous are things You have done,
O ☼Adonai, El Shaddai! [11:17; 16:7]
Righteous and true are Your ways,
O the King of the nations{/mss}a!
15:4 ☼Who shall not stand in awe of You, O Adonai {☼Jer 10:7a}
and ☼glorify Your name? {☼ Psa 86:9b}
For You alone are loyal {/mss}!
And indeed, ☼all the nations will come
and worship before You; {☼ Psa 86:9a}
seeing that Your righteousness has been revealed.

a Rev 15:3 the King of the nations ░ {/mss the King of the ages (/~ of eternity – NWT) = 1Tm 1:17}
15:5
And after these things I looked,
and the Mishkan, ((this is, the Tenta of the Testimony))
was opened up in the heaven:
15:6
and there came out from the Mishkan
the seven messengers who had the seven plagues,
clothed with pure {and} bright linen{/mss}
and girded around their chests with golden belts.
15:7
And one of the four living-creatures gave to the seven messengers
seven golden bowls full of the anger of the Elohim,
who lives forever and ever.
15:8
And the Mishkan filled with smoke
from the glory of the Elohim and from His power
thus no one could enter the Mishkan,
until the seven plagues from the seven messengers were completed.

(Rev 16)
Seven Bowls of God's wrath poured down
16:1And I heard a great ☼voice out of the Mishkan, {☼ Isa 66:6}
saying to the seven messengers,
“Yoů go and ☼pour out onto the land
the seven bowls of the anger [15:1] of the Elohim.” {☼ Psa 69:24; Jn 10:15; Zep 3:8}
16:2 And the first messenger
went and poured out his bowl down to the land:
— And there became a terrible and virulent sore {☼ Deu 28:35; Exo 9:10ff}
upon those men who bore the mark of the beastb
and those bowing down to its image.
16:3 And the second {messenger}
poured out his bowl down to the sea,
— And it turned into blood like that from a dead body,
every living creaturec in the sea being killed.

a 15:5 Tent ░ (skēnē – dwelling place Rev 21:3); /x: tabernacle – KJV;
b 16:2 mark of the beast ░ (19:20; cf. 13:17) [mark from/belonging-to the beast]
/> living soul – KJV; />> living thing - NIV; /x: life – HCSB; /xxx: everything – MSG;
c 16:3 living creature ░ /> living soul – KJV; />> living thing - NIV; /x: life – HCSB;
16:4 And the third {messenger}
poured out his bowl down to the rivers
and the springs of the waters,
— And they turned into blood.
16:5
And I heard the messenger having power over the waters, saying
“Righteous are You!
the One who is and who was, [cf. 11:17]
{and} the Holy One{/mss},
because You have passed this judgment:
16:6
Because they have poured out
blood of holy people and of prophets
and You have given them blood to drink up
[just as] they deserve!”

16:7
And I heard a voice {of another messenger} from the Altar, saying
“Yes, O Adonai, El Shaddaia! [11:17; 15:3]
True and righteous are Your judgments.”

16:8 And the fourth messenger

poured out his bowl upon the sun,
and it was given to it to scorch men with fire:
16:9
— And men were scorched with great heat
and the men blasphemed the name of the Elohim
who has the authority over these plagues,
and they did not repent to give Him glory.
16:10 And the fifth messenger
poured out his bowl upon the throne of the wild-beast:
— And his kingdom became darkened,
and they gnawed their tongues out of pain,
16:11
and they blasphemed the Elohim of the heaven
from out of their pains and out of their sores,
and they did not repent of their works. [cf. Gen 6:5]
16:12 And the sixth messenger
poured out his bowl upon the great river Euphrates:
— And its water was dried up, so that the way might be made free
for the coming of kings from the sun’s rising.

a
11:17 El Shaddai ░ [= 15:3; 16:7]; /God Almighty – most;
16:13 And what I saw in my vision was this: there came forth
out of the mouth of the Dragon [=12:9 ‘Satan’; 20:10 into Lake of Fire]
and out of the mouth of the First Beast [13:1ff]
and out of the mouth of the False Prophet a [→ 19:20 into Lake of Fire; 20:10]
— three unclean spirits [that looked] like frogs;
16:14
indeed, they’re spirits of demons working signs —
which goes forth to the rulers {of the land and} of the whole world,
to gather them up for the battle
of that{/mss} Great Day of the Elohim the Almighty.b
16:15
((Look, I’m comingc
[suddenly] just as a bandit would come upon by surprise. [3:3]
Blessed is the one who stays awake and keeps his outer garments,
so that he won’t be walking around naked
to be put publicly to shame.))
16:16
And now they – these demonic spirits – gathered the kings up in the place
which is called 'Har Megiddo'd in Hebrew. [→ 20:8]
16:17 And finally the seventh messenger
poured out his bowl down upon the air.
And there came a great voice out of the Mishkan{/mss},
coming from the throne, exclaiming,
“It is done!’
16:18
And there became ☼lightning
and roaring and thunderclaps,
and there became a great earthquake,
such as has not occurred since humans have been upon the land,
so mighty an earthquake — so great!
16:19
And the great city became split into three parts
and the cities of the nations fell;
yes, the great Babylon was remembered in the sight of the Elohim,
and He gave her the cup of the wine of His fierce wrath.
16:20
And every island fled away
and no mountains were to be found. [cf. 6:14; Zec 14:4,9]
16:21
And great hail, each weighing as much as a hundred pounds,
comes down upon men from the sky
and men blasphemed the Elohim due to the plague of the hail,
so terrible a plague it was.

a 16:13 the False Prophet ░ [← the Beast from the Land 13:11-15.]
b 16:14 God the Almighty ░ [=Heb. El Shaddai 16:17]
c 16:15 <verse> ░ [In the midst, a seemingly unrelated interjection by Yohan. The nearest antecedent of the speaker is

the Son-of-man all the way back in Ch. 2.]

d 16:16 Har Meggido ░ [in Hebrew (meaning ‘Mount of Meggido’), man-made, about 70 feet high.] [Gk.

harmaged[d]ōn (Armageddon/Armageddon in English)] [See Appendix 16:16 ‘Armageddon’]

(Rev 17)
(=Parenthetical explanatory material)
The Great Idolatress the Harlot and the Wild-Beast:
Judgment on Babylon – I
17:1 ((And one of the seven messengers who had the seven bowls [16:1]
came and spoke to me, saying
“Come up here, I will show you the judgment of
the ☼ Harlot [☼Hos 5:3; 9:1; Ezk 16] a, the idolatress par excellence
who has her place ☼near many waters; [☼Jer 51:13]
17:2
by whom the ☼rulers of the land committed fornication [☼Isa 23:17]
and those who dwell in the land were ☼made drunk
with the wine of her fornication.” [☼Jer 51:7] [14:8; 18:3]
17:3 So he carried me away in [the power of] spirit [21:10]
into a desert-wilderness
and this is what I saw there: an idolatrous Woman
mounted on a wild-beast, which was scarlet color.
The beast was covered all over with blasphemous titles [13:1],
having seven heads and ten horns.
17:4
And the Woman was dressed in purple and scarlet
and arrayed with gold and precious stone and pearls,
having in her hand a golden cup
full of abominations and
the unclean things of her fornication of the land,
17:5
and upon her forehead was written a name, a mysteryb:
<BABYLON THE GREAT>
— the Mother of the Harlots,c
and of the Abominations of the Land —
17:6
And I saw that the Woman was drunk —
drunk from the blood of the God's holy people,
yes, from the blood of the martyrsd for Yeshua.
And when I saw her,
I was astonished with great astonishment.
17:7
And the messenger said to me,
“Why are you astonished? I'm going to tell you and explain
[the meaning of] this mystery
that is, the Woman and the wild-beast that carries her
— the one as you saw with the seven heads and the ten horns.

a17:1, 5 harlot (s)░ [alludes to the harlot in Hosea, apostate Yisrael. Also the allegory of two sisters – Ezk 23:4-10
(Oholah) & 11-35 (Oholibah); God's unfaithful bride – Ezk 16] />> whore; />> prostitute;
b
17:5 a name, a mystery ░ [i.e. a title with a cryptic meaning]
c
17:5 Harlots ░ [metaphoric for idolatresses, worshiping other than God the Most-High.]
d
17:6 martyrs ░ [S3144 martus (35x) – elsewhere rendered in IRENT as 'witness'. Cf. Rev 2:13; Act 22:20;]
 17:8
The wild-beast which you saw on which she was riding
was [once alive], but is no longer [alive],
and is about to come up out of the abyss
and to head for destruction.
Those who dwell on the land
— whose names have ☼not been written
in the scroll of the life
d since the world’s founding [13:8] — [Eph 1:4; Mt 25:34; cf. 1Pe 1:20]
they will be astonished when they see
how this wild-beast was [once alive],
but is no longer,
and yet is to be present again{/mss}.

17:9 ((Here the mind that has wisdom [13:18] comes in.
Grasp this:))
“The seven heads stand for seven hillsa,
on which the Woman is sitting:
17:10
also they stand for seven kings;
▪ the five have fallen,
▪ the [sixth] one is [currently ruling],
▪ the other, [seventh], has not yet come
but when this one comes,
only for a brief time he must remain.
17:11
And as for the wild-beast that was [once alive] but is no longer,
it is also itself an eighth kingb
yet it springs from out of the seven,
and it heads for destruction.
17:12 “And the ten horns that you saw stand for ten kings,
who have not yet received royal power;
but they are to receive authority to rule,
for one [brief] hour,
sharing that authority with the wild-beast.
17:13
These have one single thought [cf. v. 17]
and what power and authority they have,
they confer{/mss} to the wild-beast.
17:14
These shall make war against the Lamb
and the Lamb will defeat them,
because he is ☼Lord of lordsc and King of kings,
and [to share in victory] along with him [and on his side] are
those who are called and chosen and faithful.”

a
17:10 seven hills ░ [= Seven Hills of Rome. See Overview: Maps]; /x: seven mountains – most;
b
17:11 king ░ [= kingdom]
c
17:14 Lord of lords ░ [= 19:16] [Cf. 'Lord of the lords' as to the Elohim – Deu 10:17; Psa 136:3]
 17:15 And he says to me,
“The waters which you saw
— where the harlot has taken up her residence — represent
peoples and populations, and nations and languages.
17:16
And the ten horns which you saw —
yes, the wild-beast, will come to hate the harlot.
They will make her desolate and strip her naked [Ezk 16:37, 39 etc.]
and will devour up her flesh
and will burn her up with fire.
17:17
In fact, what has happened is that the Elohim has put it
into the hearts of the ten horns
so that they should carry out the plan of His own,
that is, they themselves should have but one purpose
and bestow their royal power upon the wild-beast, [cf. v. 13]
until the words of the Elohim should have found fulfilled.
17:18
And the Woman whom you saw stands for that Great Citya [←11:8],
which has sovereignty over the kings of the earth.”))

(Rev 18)
ARMAGEDDON AND MARRIAGE OF LAMB
Babylon judged - II
18:1 After these things I saw another messenger
coming down out of the heaven, having great authority,
and the earth was illuminated from his glory.
18:2
And he cried with a great voice, saying
“☼Fallen! Babylon the Great [City] has fallen!
And she has become a dwelling for demon-gods
and a guarded place for every spirit unclean
and a guarded place for every bird unclean
{and a guarded place for every beast unclean} and detested.
18:3
Because out of the wine of the wrath of her fornication [14:8; 17:2]
all the nations have fallen,
and the rulers of the land committed fornication with her
and the merchants of the land have become rich
from the power of wealth in her luxury.”
18:4 And I heard another voice out of the heaven, saying

“☼Come out of her, my people, [Jer 51:6,45]

so that yoů will have no part in her sins
and come out of her plagues so that yoů do not share{/mss}:
18:5
because her sins have reached even to the heaven
and the Elohim has remembered her wrong-doing.

a 17:18 Great City ░ [←11:8 = Holy City 11:2 = points to Yerusalem]

18:6
Treat her as she has treated {yoů}
and pay her back double for what she has done.
Mix her a double portion
from her own cup.
18:7
Give her as much torment and misery
as she exalted herself and lived sensual luxury,
because she says to herself,
<I sit enthroned as a queen
and am not a widow;
and will never suffer grief.>”
18:8
That is why in one single day her plagues will come
– along with deadly disease and miserly and famine.
And she will be utterly burned down with fire;
because mighty is YHUH the Elohima who judges her.
18:9 “And the rulers of the land,
who committed fornication and lived-wantonly with her,
will weep and grieve over her [fate], [Ezk 26:16, 17]
when they look upon the smoke as she burns.
18:10
They will stand afar off in fear of her torment,
and will say,
<How terrible!
How terrible it is for you,
O the Great City, Babylon,
the mighty City!
Because in a single hour
the judgment on you has come.>
18:11 “And the merchants of the land weep and mourn over her,
because no one is buying their cargo any more —
18:12
 cargo of gold, silver, precious stone, pearls,
fine linen, purple cloth, silk, scarlet cloth;
 and all kinds of aromatic-wood;
and all kinds of articles of ivory;
and all kinds of articles
[made] of costly wood and of brass and iron and marble;
18:13
 and cinnamon and spice and incense and perfume and frankincense;
 and wine and oil
 and fine flour and wheat;
 and cattle and sheep;
 and cargo of horses and of carriages
 and cargo of slave bodies – yes, human livesb.

a18:8 *YHUH the Elohim ░ [= 'YHUH Elohim' in Hebrew.] (kurios ho theos = 1:8; cf. 22:6); /the Lord God – most;
/> {/mss} the Lord – KJV++;
b
18:13 human lives ░ /x: souls of men – KJV;
18:14
And the fruit of pleasure which your soul has lusted after
are gone from you!
and all your luxuries and splendor are lost from you,
never to be found again!
18:15 “The merchants of these things, who were enriched by her,
will stand afar off
because of the fear of her torment, weeping and mourning.
18:16
They are saying
<How terrible,
how terrible it is for the Great City,
she who was dressed in fine-linen, and purple and scarlet
and arrayed with gold, precious stone and pearls!
18:17a
Because in a single hour
so great wealth is made desolate.>
18:17b “And every ship-master and everyone who sails any place
and mariners and as many as gain work by the sea, stood afar off,
18:18
and cried out as they looked upon the smoke of her burning, saying
<What city is like the Great City?>
18:19
And they ☼threw dust on their heads and cried,
weeping and mourning, saying
<How terrible!
How terrible it is for the Great City
— where all who had their ships in the sea
became rich from her wealth —
because in a single hour she is laid waste in ruin!> [Ezk 27:30-34]
18:20
((☼Rejoice over her fate, [☼Jer 51:48; Ezk 27:30-34] O heaven,
and also all yoů — the God's holy people, the apostles and the prophets;
for | the Elohim has ☼pronounced judgment on her for yoůr sakes.))

18:21 And one mighty messenger took up a stone like a great millstone
and threw it into the sea, saying
“In this way, with a swift violent stroke
☼
Babylon the Great City will be thrown down
and will never be found again. [☼Jer 51:63,64]
18:22
And the sound of harpists, singers, flutists and shofar-blowers
will be heard no more at all in you,
and no craftsman of any craft,
will be found any more in you again,
and the noise of a mill
will be heard no more in you again;
18:23
and the light of a lamp
will shine no more in you again,
and the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride
 will be heard no more in you again.
For | your merchants
were the magnates of the land;
For | all the nations
were deceived by your practice of spiritism.
18:24
And indeed, it is in her that there was to be found
blood of prophets and of God's holy people
and, in fact, the blood of all those
who have been ☼slain on the land.” {☼Jr 51:49}

(Rev 19)
Rejoice over Babylon’s fall
19:1 After these things, I heard
what sounded like a mighty roar of a vast throng in the heaven,
Saying
“☼HalleluYaha!
Salvation and glory and power belong to our Elohimb:
19:2
because true and just are
His judgments; [☼Psa 104:35]
because He has judged the great harlot,
who corrupted the land with her fornication
and He has ☼taken vengeance on her
for the blood of His servants shed at her hand.” [Deut. 32:43]
19:3
And a second time they said,
“HalleluYah!”
And the smoke from her burning ruins
billows up forever and ever.
19:4 And the twenty-four elders and the four living-creatures fell down
and worshiped the Elohim, the One seated on the throne, [20:11; 21:5]
saying,
“Amen! HalleluYah!”
19:5 Then, a voice came forth from the throne area, saying
“Give praise to our Elohim,
all of yoů [who are] His servants,
small and great,
all yoů who have reverence for Him,

a
19:1, 3, 4, 6 HalleluYah ░ [only occurs here in the NT]; > Hallelujah – most (but pronounced as -yah);
/> Alleluia – KJV, etc.; /x: Praise Jah – NWT; / [allēlouia – Gk. transliterate of the Hebrew phrase
"Praise Yah" (e.g. Psa 104:35; 106:48; 116:19). Cf. Yah = a short form of *YHUH, the name of God.
See OT "Praise YHUH" (Psa 117:1) quoted in Rm 15:11, there rendered as 'Praise Adonai'.]
b
19:1 our Elohim ░ {/mss – Adonai our Elohim - with anarthrous kurios; /> Lord our Elohim};
Marriage feast of the Lamb
Marriage feast of the Lamb
19:6 And I heard as it was the voice of a great crowd
and like the voice of many waters
and like the voice of mighty thunders,
saying
“☼HalleluYah!
because Adonai {our} Elohim, the Almighty, reigns.
19:7
Let us rejoice and be glad
and let us give Him the glory: [☼Psa 104:35. etc.]
for | the marriage-feast of the Lamb has come
and His bride has made herself ready. [21:2]
19:8
And it was given to her that she might dress herself
in fine-linen, bright and pure.”
((What is signified here by the fine-linen is
the righteous actsa of those God's holy people.))
19:9
And the angle says to me,
“Write this down: Blessed are those
who are invited to the supper at marriage-feast of the Lamb!”
And he says to me,
“These are true wordsb of the Elohim.”
19:10
And I fell down at his feet
[to prostrate about] in homage before him.
b
And he says to me,
“Look! be careful! you must not do this!
Only a fellow-servant I’m with you and your brethren
— all those holding to the testimony about Yeshuac:
Only the Elohim you worship!”d [22:9]

c
((Indeed, as to this testimony about Yeshua,
it is the very spirit which underlies all prophesying.))

a 19:8 righteous acts ░ (dikaiōma – Rev 15:4);

b 19:9 words of the Elohim ░ (logoi) [cf. v. 13 the Word (logos) of the Elohim (> ‘the Word of God’)]
c 19:11 the testimony about Yeshua ░ [Or, ‘what Yeshua testifies’]
d 19:10 Only the Elohim you worship! ░ />> Worship God! – most;
Second Coming of Mashiah
(Second) Coming of Mashiah
19:11 And I saw the heaven opened,
and look!

A white horsea and the One who seated on it;

He is called ‘Faithful and True’,
For | He is righteous in His judgment and in war.
19:12
 And His eyes are a flame of fire
and upon His head are many diadem-crowns,
 ((He has a name written [v. 16] [on His head]
— the name no one except He Himself knows.))
19:13
 And He is dressed in a robe dipped with blood
and His name is called 'The Word of the Elohim'. b [Cf. Jn 1:1; 1Jn 1:1; 5:7b v.l.]
19:14
 And the armies that are in the heaven,c
clothed in fine-linen, white and pure,
were following Him, riding also on white horses.
19:15
And out of His mouth proceeds a sharp sword,
so that He may strike the nations with it
 and He will shepherd them with an iron rod
 and He tramples on the winepress
of the furious wrath of the Elohim the Almighty.
19:16
And He has a title put embroidered on the robe, [1:13]
yes, on it over His thigh [level], d
which reads,
<KING OF KINGS>e
and <☼LORD OF LORDSf>. [☼Deu 10:17 Adonai]

19:17 And I saw one messenger standing in the sun light,

and he cried with a great voice,
saying to all the birds that fly in mid-heaven,
“Come and be gathered together to the great supperg of the Elohim;
19:18
that yoů may eat the flesh of rulers
and the flesh of chief captains
and the flesh of mighty men
and the flesh of horses and of those who sit upon them
and the flesh of all
– of both freemen and slaves

a 19:11 white horse ░ [not same as the one in 6:2 where the rider is an anti-Mashiah]
b 19:13 the Word of the Elohim ░ (logos); > the Word of God
c
19:14 the armies ~~ in heaven ░ [the angels in heaven?] [cf. Rev 12:7 ‘Michael and his angels’]
d 19:16 yes, on it over His thigh level ░ /x: and on His thigh - most;
e 19:16 KING OF KINGS ░ [in the sense of ‘King over kings’, not ‘King among kings’]
f 19:16 LORD OF LORDS ░ [= 17:14] [Cf. 'God of the gods, Lord of the lords' as to 'YHUH your Elohim'

(Deu 10:17); 'Lord of the lords' (Psa 136:3)]

g 19:17 the great supper of the Elohim ░ /x: the suffer of the great God – KJV;
 and of both small and great.
19:19 And I saw the Beast and the rulers of the land and their armies,
gathered together to wage the war
with the One who seated on the horse and with His army.
19:20
And the Beast [13:1 vs. 13:11] was captured
and so was the False Prophet. [←16:13]
((The false prophet performed the signs
in the presence of the wild-beast
— thus leading astray those who had received the mark of the wild-beasta
and those bowing down to its image.))
While still alive, the two were thrown into the Lake of the Fire, [cf. Mt 25:41]
– which is burning with brimstone. [→20:10]
19:21
And the rest – kings and armies – were killed
by the sword of the One seated on the horse,
– the sword which came forth out of His mouth
and all the birds gorged themselves the flesh of those killed.

(Rev 20) a thousand-year reign

A Thousand Year Reign; Satan in Chain
A Thousand-year Reign; Satan in chain
20:1 And I saw a messenger [cf. star 9:1] coming down out of the heaven,
having the key to the abyssb and a huge chain in the hand.
20:2
And this angle seized the Dragon
— the primeval Serpent, which is Devilc, yes, the Satan, [←12:9]
— {the one deceiving the whole inhabited earth} —
to bound it a thousand yeard;
20:3
and threw it into the abyss
and shut it and put a seal on it,
so that it could not deceive the nations any more,
until that thousand year [period]e should come to end. [20:4c]
((After these things it shall be let loose for a little time. [→ v. 7ff]))
↓↓

a
19:20 mark of the beast ░ (16:2; cf. 13:17) [mark from/belonging-to the beast]
/> living soul – KJV; />> living thing - NIV; /x: life – HCSB; /xxx: everything – MSG;
b
20:1, 3 abyss ░ [S12 abussos (9x) Lk 8:31; Rm 10:7; Rev 9:1, 2, 11; 11:7; 17:8; 20:1, 3]
c
20:2 Devil ░ [Capitalized in NT, only here and in 12:9 for the fixed phrase ‘Devil + Satan’]
d
20:2, 4 a thousand year ░ (of Messiah’s reign; cf. 20:2, 3 – Satan’s imprisonment) [χίλια ἔτη] [From Latin
mille anni comes our English word ‘millennium’] [See GG]
e
20:3, 5, 6, 7 that thousand year [period] ░ /x: the thousand years – most (confusing as if 'many thousands')
↓↓

First group of resurrection & the thousand-year reign

First group of resurrection
20:4a Coming into my vision,
thrones were the next thing appeared to me
[The scene is closing on up:]
there taking seats on them were those
to whom unveiling of judgment had been granted:
b
— yes, I saw these [martyred] personsa,
those who had been beheaded [← 6:9-11]
for their bearing the testimony on Yeshua
and for their proclaiming the Word of the Elohim —
c
indeed, whosoever had not bowed down to the wild-beast
nor its image
and had refused to let the ☼mark of seal put
on their forehead or on their handb {☼Ezk 9:4} [← 13:14-16] —
d
Indeed, it was they who had come to Lifec, and [now on thrones]
reigned with the Mashiah for a thousand year d [cf. 20:2, 3],
20:5a {
while, the rest of the dead did not come to Life{/mss}e
until that thousand year [period] should be ended.} [→ 20:12ff]
20:5b
This is what represents
the first [group of] resurrection:
20:6
Blessed and holy is the one who takes part
in such first [group of] resurrection!
Over these [blessed people] the Second Death has no power;
no, they shall be kohanim [cf. 1:6; 5:10] of the Elohim
and of the Mashiah
and they are going to reign [5:10] with the Mashiah [→ v.11]
for {that} thousand year [period].
↓↓

↓↓

a
20:4 persons ░ [Here and also in 6:9, it is important to avoid rendering it as ‘souls’ as in KJV, which gives
a wrong picture of ‘immortal soul’ or ‘dismembered soul/spirit’.] [See EE, GG]
b
20:4 forehead ~ hand ░ [figurative (forehead = mind = thoughts; hand = action. Cf. phylactery)]
c
20:4 Life ░ [i.e. resurrection life with immortality (not ‘immortal soul’)]
d
20:4, 5, 6, 7 thousand years ░ (of Mashiah’s reign; cf. 20:2, 3 – Satan’s imprisonment) [χίλια ἔτη] [From
Latin mille anni comes our English word ‘millennium’] [See GG]
e
20:5a came to life {/mss} ░ /lived; {/lived again – KJV};
↓↓
After the Thousand-Year Reign;
Released Satan hurled into the Fiery Lake; The Second Death
After the thousand-year reign
20:7 [v. 3→]
And whenever that thousand year [period] is ended,
the Satan shall be let loose from out of its imprisonment,
20:8
and shall go out to deceive the nations
which are in the four corners of the land
– [the enterprise of] Gog [the prince] and {his} Magog –
and gather them up for a battle{/mss}; [←16:16 Har Megiddo]
their numbers countless as the grains of sand at the seashore.
20:9
And they advanced up over the ☼broad-plain of the land
laying siege to the place
where the God's holy people have their encampment,
— yes, the City of His love.
However, fire came down {from the Elohim} out of the heaven
and consumed them up utterly!
20:10
And the devil deceiving them was hurled
into the Lake of the Fire of burning brimstone [// Mt 25:41 – eternal fire]
— where {both}a the Beast [13:1] and the False Prophet [13:11; 19:20] wereb
already hurled in [←19:20]
and they {+ the Evil trio} will be tormented there
day and night forever and ever.

↓↓
Scroll of the life & the Second Death
↓↓ Scroll of the life and the Second Death
20:11 And I saw a great white throne [← v. 6]

and the One seated on it; [19:4; 21:5]

from whose face [all the powers of] the earth and the heaven
had fled away, [→12:1] [2Pe 3:10-12] [Cf. Mt 24:35; //Mk 13;32; //Lk 21:33]
and not a place was found any longer for them [to stand].
20:12
And I saw [the rest of] the dead ones, [those who were not part
of the first group of resurrection] [←20:5] [cf. Jn 5:29],
the great and the small ones,
standing there before the throne{/mss}.
b
And there,
scrolls [of the Scripture] were opened. [Cf. Dan 7:10]
☼

Also opened [alongside] was another scroll,

which is the ☼scroll of the life. [→20:15]

a
20:10 both ░ - NWT, Darby; /x: also - /~~ too – NET; /{/mss} omit – ASV, KJV, ESV;
b
20:10 were already ░ /are – ASV; /are – KJV; /
 c
And these dead ones [v. 15] were judged down
out of what was recorded
in these opened scrolls
☼ in accordance with what they’ve done in their life. [//v. 13b]
20:13
— Yes, [it is that] the sea [21:1] gave out
the dead ones who were in it,
and the Death, yes, its Hades, gave out the dead
who were in their keeping.
b
And these dead ones were judged down, [Mt 25:31; 2Co 5:10]
each one
in accordance with what they’ve done in their life. [//v.12c] —
20:14
And, as for the Death, yes, its Hades [1Co 15:26, 54]
they were hurled into the ‘Lake of the Fire’.
This is the Second Death. [cf. Isa 25:7-8; 1Co 15:26] [→ 21:8]
20:15
Then, if anyone has ☼not found [←20:12b] [among those] as having
their names written in the scroll of the life [← 3:5] [cf. Dan 12:1]
they were hurled into the ‘Lake of the Fire’ [cf. Jn 5:29; Mal 4:1-3; cf. Mt 25:41] ◊

HOLY CITY
↓↓
(Rev 21) ‘a new heaven and a new earth’
21:1 And I saw
a ☼new heaven and a new earth.a{ 2Pe 3:13; ☼Isa 65:17; 66:22}
Indeed, gone were the former heaven
and the former earth, b [20:11] [cf. Lk 16:17; Mt 5:18]
and the sea [20:13] is no longer present.
21:2
And I saw the ☼Holy City — New Yerusalem — [☼//Isa 52:1]
coming down out of the heaven from the Elohim,
made ready as a bride adorned for her husband. [19:7]
21:3
And I heard a great voice from out of the throne [area] {/mss}c [cf. 5:6]
saying
“Behold!
The dwelling placed of the Elohim is among mankind
☼
And He will dwell with them
And they will be His own peoples [Cf. Mt 1:23 Immanuel; Jn 1:11-12]
And the Elohim Himself will be right with them
{— yes, Elohim of them}! {☼Ezk 37:27; Zec 13:9b, etc.}

a 21:1 a new heaven and a new earth ░ ['the heavens and the earth' (2Pe 3:7); 'heavens and a new earth' (2Pe 3:13);
'new heavens and a new earth' (Isa 65:17; 66:22)] [the new order of things of God’s reign in the New Covenant. Cf. Heb
8:13]
b 21:1 the former heaven and the former earth ░ [of the Former (Old) Covenant] [not literal physical world of

‘heaven, sky, earth’.] [Cf. 'the heavens and the earth of the present – 2Pe 3:7]
c 21:3 the throne [area] {/mss} ░ {/heaven}
d 21:3 dwelling place ░ (skēnē); /x: tabernacle – KJV;
21:4
And ☼He'll wipe away every tear from their eyes,
And death will be no more; [21:4a //Isa 25:7-8]
Neither mourning in grief, nor crying in anguish,
nor pain in suffering will be there anymore;
{because} the former things [of the old order]
are past and gone.” [v.4 //Isa 65:19; 35:10]
21:5 And the One seated on the thronea said, [← 19:4; 20:11]
“Behold, I’m making all things new.”
And He says,
“Write it down because these words are trustworthy and true.”
21:6
And He said to me,
“These are done! {/mss}
I, I {am} the Alpha and the Omega, b [= 1:8]
the beginningc and the end.
To the one who is thirsty,
I, I will give water as free
from the fountain of the Living Water.
21:7
The one who has come off victorious
shall received these things {/mss} [as promised],
And I’ll be Elohim to him
and he surely shall be a son to Me.” [2Sm 7:14 'he' = David]

21:8 ((But as for the cowards and unbelieving {and sinners}

and abominable and murderers and those sexually immoral
and those engaged in spiritism
and idolaters and all the deceivers, [cf. 21:27; 22:15]
the portion allotted to them shall be
in the Lake that is aflame with fire and brimstone
– that is the Second Death [← 20:14].))

New Jerusalem and her destiny

New Yerusalem and Her Destiny
21:9 And there came one of the seven messengers
— who had the seven bowls full of the last seven plagues —
and spoke with me, saying
“Come here, I will show you the bride, the wife of the Lamb.”
21:10
And he ☼carried me away [the power of] in spirit [17:3]
to a mountain, great and high, [☼Ezk 40:2]
and showed me the ☼Holy City, Yerusalem, [☼Isa 52:1] [← 3:12 New Yerusalem]

a 21:5 Throne ░ [of the Elohim – cf. of the Lamb 22:1, 3]

b 21:6 Alpha – Omega ░ [= 12:8. Cf. 22:13 same title for the risen Yeshua]
c 21:7 beginning ░ [No beginning exists of God, who holds beginning + end of creation work. Jn 1:1]
d 21:7 receive ░ – TEV; /I will give – NHEB, WEB, /> possess – Douay; /xx: inherit – most; /x: have this heritage -

ESV/x: be the heritage – Weym;

 coming down out of the heaven from the Elohim,
21:11
having the glory of the Elohim:
the brilliance of light of the City was like a stone most precious,
as a jasper stone shining crystal clear:
21:12
having a great and high wall with twelve ☼gates, [☼Ezk 48:31ff etc.]
and there were twelve messengers at the gates
which had names inscribed upon them,
the names of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel.
21:13
There were three gates on the east
and three gates on the north,
and three gates on the south,
and three gates on the west.
21:14
And the wall of the City had twelve foundations
and inscribed on them were
the {twelve} names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.
21:15 And this messenger who spoke with me
had a golden ☼measuring rod like a stick,
to measure off the City and its gates and its wall:
21:16
And the City is laid out as a square
and the length is same as the width;
and he measured the City with the reed
—it came to twelve thousand {and twelve} stadia,a
the length and the width and its height being equal.b
21:17 ☼ And he measured [the thickness of] its wall itself
— it was a hundred and forty-four cubits thick, [144=12x12]
according to the measure of a man, that is, also, of a messenger.
21:18
And the structure of its wall was jasper
and the City was of pure gold, bright as crystal-clear glass.
21:19 ☼
The foundation-stones of the wall of the City were adorned
with every sort of precious stones:
The foundation-stone was —
the first one, jasper;
the second, sapphire;
the third, chalcedony;
the fourth, emerald;
21:20
the fifth, sardonyx;
the sixth, carnelian;
the seventh, chrysolite;
the eighth, beryl;
the ninth, topaz;
the tenth, chrysoprase;
the eleventh, hyacinth;
the twelfth, amethyst.

a 21:16 stadia ░ [here, prob. in circumference] [stadion (’furlong’ - KJV) ≈ 800 ft (185 m)]
b 21:16 L. x W. x H. being equal ░ [i.e. a cube – having 12 edges]
21:21
And the twelve gates were twelve pearls;
each one of the gates was made of one pearl.
And the street of the City was of pure gold like transparent glass.
21:22 And I saw no Mishkan in the City:
indeed, YHUH El Shaddai [4:8]a is the Mishkan;
and so is the Lamb.
21:23
And the City has no need of the ☼sun, neither of the moon,
to shine upon it:
indeed, the glory of the Elohim illuminated it
and its lamp is the Lamb. [v. 23 //Isa 60:19]
21:24
And the nations {of the ones being saved}
will walk by its light
and the rulers of the land bring their glory
{and honor of the nations} into it. [v. 24 //Isa 60:3]
21:25
And its gates will never be shut all day;
((indeed, there will be no night there)):
21:26
and they will bring the glory
and the honor of the nations into it: [v. 25-26 //Isa 60:11]
21:27
And no, ☼nothing profane shall have entered into it:
and no one who is doing things abominable or deceitful ways
shall enter. [cf. 21:8; 22:15]
No one shall be there except those who have been ☼inscribed
in the scroll of the life belonging to the Lamb
shall have entered into it:
only those shall enter who have been ☼written
in the scroll of the life belonging to the Lamb.

(Rev 22)
22:1 And this messenger showed me
a ☼river of the Water of Life, clear like crystal,
flowing out {☼Zec 14:8}
from the ☼throne of the Elohim {☼Jer 3:17} and of the Lamb [Jn 1:29, 36],
22:2a
down in the middle of its broad-way.
22:2b
And ☼on this side of the river and on that side {Ezk 47:1-12}
there stands a treeb of life, {Pro 3:18} [cf. 22:14, 19]
producing twelve different fruits,
bearing its ☼fruit every month
and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.
22:3 And ☼nothing accursed will be any more. {Zec 14:11}
And the [one] throne of the Elohim and of the Lamb will be in the City.
And the servants of the Elohim will be servingc Him;
a 21:22 YHUH El Shaddai ░ [- nominative = 4:8; cf. vocative – 'O Adonai, El Shaddai' 11:17; 15:3; 16:7] /Lord God
Almighty - – most;
b 22:2 a tree ░ - Berean, NLT, GW, YLT; /x: the tree – most, KJV; /xx: trees – NWT;
c 22:3 serve ░ (latreuō) [Cf. latreia sacred service > worship – Rm 12:1] - KJV, etc.; /render sacred service

– NWT; />> worship; /

22:4
and they ☼shall see His face,
and shall have His name inscribed upon their foreheadsa.
22:5
And there will be no more night, [v. 5///Isa 60:20-21a]
and they need ☼no light of a lamp, no light of the sun; {Isa 60:19; Psa 139:12}
because YHUH the Elohim will shine upon them.
And they will reign as kings forever and ever. {Dan 7:18, 27}
☼

PART V. EPILOGUE (22:6-20)

The Lord’s last warning and the apostle’s last prayer
Imminent Expectation: Prophetic exhortation & interpretation
22:6 And he said to me,
“These words are trustworthy and true
and the Adonai, the Elohimb of the spirits of the prophets,c [Cf. 22:16]
has sent His messenger
to show to His servants the things which must happen shortly.
22:7
And “Behold! I’m coming [1:7] speedily.” [3:11; 22: 12, 20]
((Blessed is the one who gives heed to the words
of the prophecy of this scroll.))

22:8 And I, Yohanan, am the one who heard and saw these things.
And when I heard and saw,
I fell down at his feet to prostrated before him
who was showing me these things.
22:9
And he says to me,
“Careful! No, don't to this to me!
I’m just a fellow-servant with you
and with your brothers who are the prophets
and with those who give heed to the words in this scroll.
Only the Elohim alone you worship!” e [19:10]

a 22:4 upon their foreheads ░ /> on ~ - most; /xx: in ~ - KJV; [fig. ‘in their minds’] [Cf. phylactery]
b 22:6 the Adonai, the Elohim ░ (≈ YHUH the Elohim – v. 5); /the LORD, Elohim; /the Lord, the God – most; /Jehovah
the God – NWT;
c 22:6 the spirits of the prophets ░ - most; /xxx: the holy prophets - KJV;
d 22:8 prostrate before ░ [S4352 proskuneō] /> bow down – YLT; /do homage – Darby /x: worship – most [as to God

only]; /xxx: adore – Douay;

e 22:9 Only the Elohim alone you worship! ░ />> Worship God! – most;
22:10
Then, he says to me,
“Do not ☼seal up the words of the prophecy in this scroll
for | the due time is near [1:3].” {Cf. ☼Dan 12:4 ‘do seal up’}
22:11
((The one who is doing unrighteousnessa,
let him still do unrighteousness.
And the one who is {making} filthy,
let him still be {making} filthy.
And the one who is righteous,
let him still do righteousness.
And the one who is sanctified,
let him still be sanctified.))

22:12 “Behold! I’m coming speedily, [3:11; 22:7, 20]

and bringing my reward with me,
to repay each one for what he has done.

22:13
b “I, I am the Alpha and the Omega, [Cf. 1:8 & 21:6 for YHWH]
☼ the First and the Last, [1:17; 2:8]
the Beginning [=3:14] and the End.”

22:14 Blessed are the ones living out His commandments{/mss}c

that their privilege will be over the Tree of the Life [2:7; 22:19; cf. 22:2; Gen 2:9]
to come-to and eat
and they may enter into the City by the gates.
22:15
((But shut out [of the City] are the dogs and the sorcerers
and the fornicators and the murderers and the idolaters
yes, everyone who has fondness of falsehood to live out deception.
— [+ those whose fate was of their own choice, yeah, the second Death].)) [21:8]

a 22:11 doing unrighteousness ░ /x: evildoer – ESV, NET; /

b 22:13 <verse> ░ [Trifold Hebrew parallel expression; here in the voice of the risen Lord]
[Cf. * as the title for YHUH]
• Alpha ~ Omega Rev 1:8*; 21:6*; 22:13. (1:11 v.l.)
• the Beginning Rev 21:6*; 22:13 [= The First Principle - Cause of all things (‘that who has all begun’), not ‘that
which was begun’]; the End [= The Last Principle – Goal of all things, not ‘that which will end’]
• the First and the Last [1:17; 2:8 of the new creation in Yeshua. cf. 1:11*; In Isa 44:6; 48:12 - YHUH.]
c 22:14 living out His commandments {/mss} ░ (poieō) {/washing their robes clean}
 Prophetic authentication
22:16 “I, Yeshua, have sent my messenger [Cf. 22:6]
to testify to yoů all about these things
for the [seven] Mashiah communities.
I, I am the Root of Davida [5:5] and the Seed of David [Jn 7:42; 2Ti 2:8; Cf. Rm 1:3]
— the bright morning star. b

22:17 And the spirit [of the Elohim] and the bride say, “Come, Lord!”
And everyone hearing this should also say, <Come!>
And come, whoever is thirsty, take water of Life free,
whoever wants it.
22:18 I do bear witness to{/mss}c everyone who hears
the words of the prophecy in this scroll [as it is read aloud]:
<If anyone bringing in any addition to these words [they hear]
the Elohim will bring upon them+ the plagues
— the plagues which are written in this scroll
22:19
And if anyone takes away the wordsd in the scroll
of this prophecy, [Deu 4:1-2; 12:32]
the Elohim will take away from them+ all the share
in the Tree of the Lifee [2:7; 22:14; Gen 2:9] and out of the Holy City
— the share which are written about in this scrollf.>
22:20
[Yeshua,] the One who testifies to these things, says,
“Yes! I’m coming speedily.” [3:11; 22:7, 12]
“Amen! Come, Lord Yeshua!”

Epistolary Closing
22:21 The grace of {our} Lord Yeshua {Mashiah}
be with all {yoů}{/mss}g. {Amen!}h

– The End of Text –

a 22:16 Root of David ░ (rhiza); [= 5:5] [‘Root, David is from’ + ‘Root from David’] [Cf. Isa 11:1, 10 ‘Root of Yishai
(> Jesse)]
b 22:16 the bright morning star ░ [Here refers to Mashiah.] [Cf. Num 24:17 ‘a star shall come out of Yaakob (> Jacob)’

Cf. ‘star’– Mt 2:2, 9] [Cf. Isa 14:12 ‘bright morning star’; /x: Lucifer’ – KJV, Vulg. – refers to King Nebuchadnezzar II
of Babylon. Many misinterpret it as ‘Satan’.] [Cf. the morning star 2:28]
c 22:18 I do bear witness to {/mss} ░ {/I do bear-witness-together with}
d
22:19 words ~ of this prophecy░ [not ‘words in the commandments’]
e
22:19 Tree of Life ░ [x: /mss: ‘Book of Life’ as in KJV, etc. → 3:5. See EE]
f 22:19 in this scroll ░ /in this book; [not ‘in the scripture’];
g
22:18 {yoů} {/mss} ░ {/the saints}
h
22:21 Amen ░ [Heb. = so shall it be]
 All the introductory & supplemental material

Overview
A short introduction

The Book was written to provide an answer with hope and consolation to the audience in
the first century being severely persecuted under the Roman Emperor – not for our modern
people living in the future thousand year from thereon to satisfy the inquisitive mindset
about the so-called ‘End of the World’, as shown in plethora of prophecy-mongers and
prophecy-freaks in the history down to this day.

The Messianic Community of Revelation is characterized as (1) the persecuted

community; (2) the worshipping community – prostrating before the throne (= God's
sovereignty over the creation) – the throne being focus of their living and their
worshipping – a) God is in control of history of humanity (b) and worshipping from the
faith that God is in control of our life and living.

About the date of its composition:

From Kenneth Gentry (1989), Before Jerusalem Fell: (pp. 130-1)

… Book of Revelation, it would seem, served as John’s disposition of the Olivet Discourse
which all the Gospels contain but for G-John; or, it may be seen as getting its framework
from the apocalyptic sections of the Synoptic Gospels.
“… [Revelation] bears the same relation to the last discourse in St. Matthew, which the
Epistles bear to the last discourse in St. John. . . . (Bernard, Progress of Doctrine, p. 201)”
Outline (1)

Russell p. 877

Book of Revelation
Prologue Ch 1:1-8
1 Vision of the Seven Churches Ch. 1; 2; 3
2 Vision of the Seven Seals Ch. 4; 5; 6; 7;
3 Vision of the Seven Shofars Ch. 8; 9; 10; 11
4 Vision of the Seven Mystic Figures@ Ch. 12; 13; 14
5 Vision of the Seven Bowls Ch. 15; 16
6 Vision of the Great Harlot Ch. 17; 18; 19; 20
7 Vision of the Bride Ch. 21; 22:1-5
Epilogue Ch. 22:8-21

@ Ch. 12, 13, 14: The vision of the seven mystic figures > Vision of Sun-clad Lady (after
Russell p. 448)
(1) The Lady clothed with the sun – the persecuted apostolic church of Judea;
(2) The great red dragon;
(3) The male Child;
(4) The wild-beast from the sea;
(5) The wild-beast from the land;
(6) The Lamb on the Mount Sion;
(7) The Son-of-man on the cloud.
Outline (2)

Adapted from (1) WJ Harrington, Revelation (Sacra Pagina vol. 16) (Liturgical Press
1993) pp.22-23; and from (2) JR Michaels, Revelation (IVP NT Commentary Series)
(IVP 1997) pp.30-32;42-44, the latter esp. for the first column of the table. See Appendix
in this file for a detailed version.
1:1-8 Prologue
(4-8 Epistolary Introduction)
I. Yohanan in spirt
in the Lord’s Day 1:9-20 Yohanan’s call; Vision of One Like a Son-of-man
(1:9 – 3:22) Prophetic Messages to the Seven Mashiah communities
Chs. 2-3
Chs. 4-5 The Scroll Vision
II. Yohanan Caught
up in spirit 6:1 – 8:5 The Seven Seals
to Heaven 8:6 – 11:19 The Seven Shofars (= 7th seal → 7 final plagues)
(4:1 – 16:21)
@
Ch. 12 Two Great Signs in Heaven: (signs 1 & 2)
The Lady and the Dragon
Ch. 13 The Two Wild-Beasts (signs 3 & 4)
Ch. 14 Salvation and Judgment (signs 5 & 6)

Chs. 15-16 Another Sign in Heaven: (sign 7)

The Final Plagues on the Seven Bowls
Ch. 17 The Harlot and the Beast
III. Yohanan Taken
in spirit to the 18:1 – 19:10 The End of Babylon
Desert-Wilderness
(17:1- 21:8) 19:11 – 20:15 The End of Evil
21:1 – 8 The New Heaven and Earth
IV. Yohanan Taken 21:9-22:5 The New Yerusalem
in spirit to a
Mountain
(21:9 – 22:5)
22:6-20 Epilogue
22:21 Epistolary closing
• 7th seal = seven shofars = seven final plagues in (seven) bowls (/x: ‘final seven plagues’);
plague 5, 6, 7 = catastrophes (woes) 1, 2, 3 (11:20ff).
• 7 churches (= the Church in seven phases)
• @ Ch. 12, 13, 14: The vision of the seven mystic figures (after Russell p. 448)
Outline (3)

PART I: SEVEN MESSAGES OF THE APOCALYPSE

Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Message to Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamos, Thyatria
Chapter 3
Message to Sardis, Philadelphia, Laodicea
Further Analogy of the Seven Churches
PART II: THE THRONE SCENE
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
PART III: SEVEN SEALS AND SEVEN SHOFARS
Chapter 6
Seals – First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Seventh Seal
Shofars – First, Second, Third, Fourth
Chapter 9
Shofars – Fifth, Sixth
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Seventh Shofar
(Chart: Prophetic Time Parallels)
PART IV: DRAGON, BEAST, AND IMAGE OF BEAST
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
(Chart: Revelation Overview)
PART V: SEVEN PLAGUES AND HOUR OF POWER
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Plagues – First, Second, Third
Plagues –Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh
Chapter 17
PART VI: ARMAGEDDON AND MARRIAGE OF LAMB
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Binding of Satan
Little Season
PART VII: HOLY CITY
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Hymn: Song of Faith
Outline (4) modified from REC

Prologue (Introduction – the revelation of Christ and the testimony of Jesus) – 1:1-8
I. “The things which you have seen” – 1:9-20
II. “The thing which are” – the seven local churches – 2:1 – 3:22
III. “The things which are about to take place” – 4:1 – 22:5
A. The first section, giving a general view of the things to come,
from Christ’s ascension to eternity future – 4:1 – 11:19
1.The scene around the throne in the heavens – only the Lion-Lamb (the victorious and
redeeming Christ) being worthy to open the mystery of God’s economy – 4:1 – 5:14
2.The seven seals – the mystery of God’s economy – 6:1 -8:5
3.The seven shofars – the execution of God’s economy – 8:6 – 11:19
B. The second section, giving details of the important things
and the crucial matters covered in the first section – 12:1 – 22:5
1. Lady who brings froth a man-child, and a great red dragon-Satan – 12:1-18
2. Two beasts – 13:1-18
3. Three harvestings – 14:1-20
4. The outpouring of the seven bowls – 15:1 -16:21
5. Babylon the Great and her destruction – 17:1 – 19:4
6. The marriage of the Lamb – 19:5-10
7. The war at Armageddon – 19:11-21
8. The imprisonment of Satan – 20:1-3
9. The millennial kingdom – 20:4-6
10. The Last rebellion – 20:7-10
11. The judgment of the great white throne – 20:11-15
12. The new heaven and the new earth – 21:1-8
13. New Yerusalem – 21:9-27
14. The river of water of life and the tree of life – 22:1-2
15. The blessing of God’s redeemed in eternity – 22:3-5
Epilogue (Conclusion – the Lord’s last warning and the apostle’s last prayer) – 22:6-21
Diagrams and Maps

Mishkan – Miqdash (Temple; tabernacle; sanctuary)

Map: Aegean Sea and Patmos Island

Map: The Seven Churches:

[Source: ESV study Bible] (Improvement needed – to move the label for Thyatira to the right of
its place marker.)

• The seven city names in the text Ch. 2 & 3 (Ephesus; Smyrna; Pergamum;
Thyatira; Sardis; Philadelphia; Laodicea) appear counterclockwise from Ephesus
on the map.
• Island Patmos in Rev 1:9 (It belongs to the modern Greece); 35 miles from Asia
Minor; 40 miles SWW of Ephesus.

1. All seven of them are admonished to repent, hold steadfast, or remain faithful.
2. Only two of them, Smyrna and Philadelphia, receive strong commendations and no listing of
their sins and other shortcomings.
3. Two of them, Pergamos and Thyatira, receive a lesser commendation and fairly strong
rebukes for sexual immorality and allowing deceivers into the Mashiah community.
4. Two of them, Sardis and Laodicea, receive strong rebukes and no commendations.
5. Ephesus receives a strong rebuke and a strong commendation.
Map: The traditional seven hills of Rome

(Cf. Rev 17:9 ‘seven hills’; Rev 17:3 – wild-beasts with seven heads)
(See ‘666’ associated with Nero)

Cf. ‘Vatican Hill’ (Mons Vaticanus in Latin) lying northwest of the River Tiber
is not counted among them

[End of the File]

1
5:10 a kingdom {/mss}░ >{/kings}