References

Aftab, S.(2012). A diagnostic study of dyslexic students in the selected schools of Bahawalpur.

(Unpublished M.Phil thesis). The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur

Ahlsén, E. (2006). Introduction to neurolinguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Akram, B.& Bashir, R. (2012). Special Education and Deaf Children in Pakistan. Journal of

Elementary Education, 22(2), 33-44.

Albright, J. S. and Albright, R. W. (1959), THE ROLE OF LINGUISTICS IN SPEECH AND

HEARING THERAPY. Language Learning, 9, 51–55.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2004). Knowledge and skills needed by

speech-language pathologists and audiologists to provide culturally and linguistically

appropriate services. ASHA Supplement, 24, 152–158.

Andrew, D. P. S., Pedersen, P. M., &McEvoy, C. D. (2011). Research methods and design in

sport management. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Angell, C. A. (2009). Language development and disorders: A case study approach. Sudbury,

Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

Anjum, S.,& Ajmal, M.A. (2012). Evaluation of a Multi-Pronged Intervention with an Autistic

Child: A Grounded Action Research. Pakistan Journal of Social and Clinical

Psychology, 10(2), 9-19.

Ashraf, M., &Majeed, S. (2011). Prevalence of Dyslexia in Secondary School Students in

Lahore. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 26(1), 73-85.

Ashraf, F. & Najam, N. (2014). Validation of Learning Disabilities Checklist in Public Sector

Schools of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research 29(2), 223-244.

Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., Razavieh, A., &Ary, D. (2009). Introduction to research in education.

Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Atchison, B., &Dirette, D. K. (2007). Conditions in occupational therapy: Effect on

occupational performance. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Azam, S., Latifi, T.T. (2013). A study to evaluate the professional skills of speech therapists in

special centers of Karachi. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science17(3),56-59

Azeem, M.W., Imran, N. (2007). Autism: Assessment and Manangement. Pakistan Journal of

Medical Sciences, 23(60, 97-978.

Badar, F. & Mumtaz, N. ( 2015). Current Clinical Problem Solving Approaches among Pakistani

Speech and Language Therapists. International Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences,4(2).

Retrieved on January, 20, 2016, from http://www.ijrs.org/wp-

content/uploads/2016/02/43.pdf

Ball, M.J.(1991). Recent Developments in Descriptions of Non-normal Speech. Journal of

Communication Disorders, 24, 59-78.

Ball, M. J. (2005). Clinical sociolinguistics. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Pub.

Ball, M. J., & Muller, N. (2009). Clinical Phonology. In L. Wei & V. Cook (Eds.),

Contemporary Applied Linguistics, 2: Linguistics for the Real World. (pp. 202-222).

London: Continuum International Pub. Group.

Babbie, E. R. (2011). The basics of social research. Australia: Wadsworth / Cengage Learning.

Bailey, J. (2008). First steps in qualitative data analysis: Transcribing. Family Practice, 25(2),
 127-131.

Baker, B.,& Blackwell, P. (2004). Identification and remediation of pediatric fluency and voice

disorders. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 18(2), 87-94.

Baker, E., Croot, K., Mcleod, S., & Paul, R. (2001). Psycholinguistic Models of Speech

Development and Their Application to Clinical Practice. Journal

of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 44(3), 685-702.

Ball, M. J., & Code, C. (1997). Instrumental clinical phonetics.Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

Barber, C. L., Beal, J. C., & Shaw, P. A. (2009). The English language: A historical

introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Batool, I., & Ijaz, A. (2015). EFFECTIVENESS OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE THERAPY

FOR AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER. Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society,

12(1). Retrieved on February, 14, 2016, from

http://jpps.com.pk/article/effectivenessofspeechandlanguagetherapyforautismspectrumdis
order_2455.html

Bangash, A., Hanafi, M., Idrees, R., &Zehra, N. (2014). Risk factors and types of cerebral

palsy. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association, 64(1), 103-107.

Bauman- Waengler, J. ( 2008). Articulatory and Phonological Impairments: A Clinical Focus,

3rd Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Beck, A. R., & Dennis, M. (1997). Speech-Language Pathologists' and Teachers' Perceptions of

Classroom-Based Interventions. Language Speech and Hearing Services in

Schools,28(2), 146-153.
Bear, M. F., Connors, B. W., &Paradiso, M. A. (2007). Neuroscience: Exploring the brain.

Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Benson, D. F., &Ardila, A. (1996). Aphasia: A clinical perspective. New York: Oxford

University Press.

Berg, B. L. (2007). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences. London: Pearson.

Bernhardt, B. & Gilbert, J. (1992). Applying linguistic theory to speech-language pathology: the

case for nonlinear phonology. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 6(1), 123-145.

Blessing, L. T. M., Chakrabarti, A., & Blessing, L. T. M. (2009). DRM, a design research

methodology. Dordrecht: Springer.

Boeree, D. G. (2004). Speech and the Brain. Retrieved May 04, 2016, from

http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/speechbrain.html

Bordens, K. S., Abbott, B. B., &Bordens, K. S. (2006). Research and design methods: A process

approach. New Delhi: Tat McGraw-Hill.

Bowen, C. (2011). Structural analysis of a language sample. Retrieved from http://www.speech-

language-therapy.com/ on February, 20, 2016.

Brace, I. (2008). Questionnaire design: How to plan, structure and write survey material for

effective market research. London: Kogan Page.

Brinton, L. J. (2000). The structure of modern English: A linguistic introduction. Amsterdam

: Benjamins.

Brown, R. (1973). A first language: The early stages. London: George Allen & Unwin.

Carroll, D. W. (2007). Psychology of language. Australia: Thomson/Wadsworth.

Catalyst Quick time: Women in Male-Dominated Industries and Occupations. (2012). Retrieved

July 25, 2016, from http://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/women-male-dominated-

industries-and-occupations

Catts,H.W.,&Kamhi, A.G.(1986). The linguistic basis of reading disorders: Implications for the

speech-langauge pathologist. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 17,

329-341.

Charlseworth, R. (2011). Understanding Child Development. Wadsworth: Cengage learning.

Clezy, G., (1996). Communication disorders: An introduction for community-based

rehabilitation workers. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education. (6th ed.).

London: Routledge.

Conway, M., & American Society for Training and Development. (2004). Collecting data with

electronic tools. Alexandria, VA: American Society for Training & Development.

contribute. 2016. In Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved May 8, 2016, from

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/contribute

Corti, L., Day, A. & Backhouse, G. (2000). Confidentiality and Informed Consent: Issues for
consideration in the preservation of and provision for access to qualitative data archives.
Forum:Qualitative Social Research, 1(3). Retrieved on January 20, 2016, from
http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1024/2207
Courses & Sample Curriculum » College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences: Sargent College |

Boston University. (n.d.). Retrieved September 25, 2015, from

http://www.bu.edu/sargent/academics/programs/speech-language-hearing-

sciences/master-of-science-in-speech-language-pathology/sample-curriculum/

Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2011). Designing and conducting mixed methods

research. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.

Crystal, D. (1987). Speech Therapy: the linguistic foundation. Paper presented to Congres

Scientifique International, ‘Orthophonie’, Nice. Retrieved on February, 24, 2016, from

www.davidcrystal.com/?fileid=-3924

Cummings, L. (2008). Clinical linguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Cummings (2013). Clinical Linguistics: A Primer.International Journal of Language

Studies,7(2).1-30.

Cummings, L. (2014). Communication disorders. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.

Daniel, I. O.(2011). Introductory Phonetics and Phonology of English. Cambridge: Cambridge

Scholars Publishing.

Definitions of Communication Disorders and Variations. American Speech and Hearing

Association.(1993, January 1). Retrieved December 20, 2014, from

http://www.asha.org/policy/RP1993-00208/

Davies, A. (2007). An introduction to applied linguistics: From practice to theory. Edinburgh:

Edinburgh University Press.

Dörnyei, Z. (2003). Questionnaires in second language research: Construction, administration,

and processing. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research Methods in Applied Linguistics: Quantitative Qualitative, and

Mixed Methodologies.Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Dudek, K.L.(2103). Semantic Intervention Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among School-

Based Speech-Language Pathologists. Contemporary Issues in Communication Science

and Disorders.(60), 69-84.

Elahi, M., Jackson, I., Elahi, O., Khan, A., Mubarak, F., Tariq, G., &Mitra, A. (2004).

Epidemiology of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate in Pakistan. Plastic and Reconstructive

Surgery,113(6), 1548-1555.

Ellis, K. C. (2012). Rural Speech-Language Pathologists' Perceptions and Knowledge of

Emergent Literacy Instructional Practices: A Mixed Methods Study (Unpublished

doctoral dissertation). University of Kentucky

Fantini, A.E. (1989). Language and worldview. Journal of Bahá’íStudies, 2(2).

Fatima, G., Fazil,H., Malik, M., Akhtar, M.M.S.,Ashra,I., & Sumaira.(2012). Perceptions of

Speech Language Therapists about Integration of Technology into Speech Therapy of

Children with Mental Retardation. Journal of Educational Research, 15(1), 5-16.

Freed, D. B. (2012). Motor speech disorders: Diagnosis and treatment. Australia:

Delmar/Cengage Learning.

Ferguson, A. (2008). Expert practice: A critical discourse. San Diego: Plural Publication.

Finegan, E. (2008). Language: Its structure and use. Boston, MA: Thomson Wadsworth.
Foster-Cohen, S. H. (1999). An introduction to child language development. London: Addison

Wesley Longman.

Gillham, B. (2007). Developing a questionnaire. London: Continuum.

Goldsworthy, C., &Pierettie, R. A. (2011). Sourcebook of phonological awareness activities,

volume III: Children's classic literature. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning.

Goldsworthy, C. L. (2012). Sourcebook of phonological awareness activities. Clifton Park, NY:

Delmar Cengage Learning.

Goodwin, W. L., & Goodwin, L. D. (1996). Understanding quantitative and qualitative research

in early childhood education. New York [u.a.: Teachers College Press.

Grunwell, P. (1988): “Clinical linguistics, retrospect and prospect”. In Grunwell, P. (ed.)

Applied linguistics in Society (pp. 36-50). Londres: Warwick.

Grunwell, P. (1992). Developmental speech disorders: Clinical issues and practical

implications. London: Whurr.

Grunwell, P. (1993). Assessment of Articulation and Phonology.In J. Beech, L. Harding, & D.

Hilton-jones (Eds.), Assessment in speech and language therapy (pp. 49-67). London:

Routledge.

Hai-Jew, S. (2016, May 9). Some Types of Data Visualizations in NVivo. Retrieved June 10,

2016, from http://scalar.usc.edu/works/using-nvivo-an-unofficial-and-unauthorized-

primer/index

Halpern, H., Goldfarb, R., & Halpern, H. (2013). Language and motor speech disorders in

adults. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Hamaguchi, P. (2001). Childhood speech, language, and listening problems what every parent
 should know (2nd ed.). New York: J. Wiley.

HrehovČík, T. (2005). What Do We Teach: Applied Linguistics or Language Teaching

Methodology? Theory and Practice in English Studies, 3. 213-219.

Haynes, W. O., Moran, M. J., &Pindzola, R. H. (2006). Communication disorders in the

classroom: An introduction for professionals in school settings. Sudbury, Mass: Jones

and Bartlett Publishers.

Hegde, M. N., & Davis, D. (2010). Clinical methods and practicum in speech-language

pathology. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning.

Hollander, E., Kolevzon, A., & Coyle, J. T. (2011). Textbook of autism spectrum disorders.

Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Pub.

Honda, M. ( 2003).Human Speech Production Mechanisms. NTT Technical Review, 1(2), 24-29.

Howard, S. (n.d.). Clinical Linguistics for speech and therapy education. Retrieved March 18,

2016, from https://www.llas.ac.uk/resources/gpg/406

Hutchison, M. (1972). An Experiment in Applying Linguistics to Speech Therapy.

International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 7(1), 49-53.

Imran, N., Bhatti, M.R., Anwar, A., Najmi,F.& Haider, I.I.(2012). Children’s Mental Health:

Pattern of referral, distribution of disorders and service use in child psychiatry outpatient

setting. Pakistan. Journal of Medical Science, 28(1),22-26.

Irshad, E. (2005). Specific learning difficulties: Diagnosis and implication for social

psychological functioning .(Unpublished doctoral dissertation).University of

Peshawar,Peshawar.

James, C. (1993). Applied Linguistics: Its Nature and Scope'. Journal of Modern

Languages, 13(1). Retrieved on 13, June 2016 from

http://jml.um.edu.my/filebank/published_article/8502/Doc3.pdf
Jahanbin, A., Pahlavannezhad, M., Savadi, M., &Hasanzadeh, N. (2014). The effect of speech

therapy on acoustic speech characteristics of cleft lip and palate patients: A preliminary

study. Special Care in Dentistry, 34(2), 84-87.

Joanisse, M. F., & Seidenberg, M. S. (1998). Specific language impairment: A deficit in

grammar or processing? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2(7), 240-247.

Johnson, A. F., & Jacobson, B. H. (2007). Medical speech-language pathology: A practitioner's

guide. New York: Thieme.

Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. B. (2012). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and

mixed approaches. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE Publications.

Justice, L. M.& Ezell, H.K. ( 1999). Syntax and Speech-Language Pathology Graduate Students:

Performance and Perceptions. Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and

Disorders, 26, 119-127.

Kamhi, A. G., Allen, M. M., & Catts, H. W. (2001). The Role of the Speech-Language

Pathologist in Improving Decoding Skills. Seminars in Speech and Language, 22(03),

175-184.

Keil, F. C., & Wilson, R. A. (2001).Language Impairment, Developmenta. In The MIT

encyclopedia of the cognitive sciences.( pp. 446-452). Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.

Karachi:Centre for kids with Cerebral Palsy. (2002, September 1). Dawn. Retrieved October 9,
 2014, from http://www.dawn.com/news/55184/karachi-centre-for-kids-with-cerebral-

Palsy.

Khan, A. A., Ahmad, K., Ayaz, S. B., Ayyub, A. &Akhlaq, U. (2014). Cerebral Palsy in

Pakistani Children: A Hospital Based Survey.Cukurova Medical Journal, 39 (4), 705-

711.

Khan, A. (2006). Psychosocial Correlates of Speech-Language Impairment in the Context of

Bilingual Learning Environment in a Multi Cultural Setting. Pakistan Journal of

Professional Psychology: Research & Practice, 1(1), 1-9.

Khan, J. A. (2011). Research methodology. New Delhi: APH Publishing Corporation.

Khan.M. ( 2006). Assessment of Dyslexia in School Children of Pakistan. (Unpublished M.Phil

thesis). Bahaudin Zakariya University,Multan.

Spicko, A.M.(2007). Perceptions of speech language pathologists. ( Unpublished Honors thesis).

Western Michigan University, Michigan.

Kachru, B.B. (1966). Current trends in applied linguistics. Illinois Journal of Education,

57(6),33-41.

Khan, M. S. G., Butt, M. A. K., Ain, Q. u., Sikander, M. & Ghayas, R. (2015). Knowledge of

AAC Devices in Pakistani Speech Therapists. Journal of Riphah College of

Rehabilitaion Sciences, 3 (1), 17-21.

Koutsoftas, A.D. (2014).School-Age Language Development: Application of the Five Domains

of Language across Four Modalities. In Singleton, N. C., & Shulman, B. B. (2014).

Language development: Foundations, processes, and clinical applications (pp. 215-

230)Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Kn, V. (2014). Cerebral palsy and early stimulation.S.l.: Jaypee Brothers Medical P.

Knight, R. (2010). Sounds for Study: Speech and Language Therapy Students’ Use and

Perception of Exercise Podcasts for Phonetics. International Journal of Teaching and

Learning in Higher Education, 22(3), 269-276. Retrieved February 12, 2016, from

http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ938562.pdf

Language delay. (n.d.). Retrieved May 12, 2016, from

http://www.healthofchildren.com/L/Language-Delay.html

Levine, L. E., & Munsch, J. (2011). Child development: An active learning approach. Thousand

Oaks, Calif: SAGE.

Law, J., Lee, W., Roulstone, S., Wren, Y., Zeng, B., & Lindsay, G. (2012). “What works”:

Interventions for children and young people with speech, language and communication

needs. London: DfE.

Lubinski, R., & Hudson, M. W. (2013). Professional issues in speech-language pathology and

audiology. NY : Delmar, Cengage Learning.

Maqbool.E. ( 2002) Relationship between Self-Concept and Achievement among Reading and

Non-Reading Disabled School Children. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation) . The

University of Karachi , Karachi.

Mason, M. (2010). Sample size and saturation in PhD studies using qualitative

interviews.Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 11(3) [Article No. 8]. Retrieved on

January 20, 2016, from http://www.qualitative

research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1428/3027

McAllister, J.& Miller,J. (2013). Introductory Linguistics for Speech and Language Therapy

Practice. Wiley-Blackwell.

Mcleod, S. (2011). Speech–language pathologists’ knowledge of tongue/palate contact for

consonants. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 25(11-12), 1004-1013.

Mcleod, S., & Baker, E. (2014). Speech-language pathologists’ practices regarding assessment,

analysis, target selection, intervention, and service delivery for children with speech

sound disorders. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 28(7-8), 508-531.,

McNabb, D. E. (2013). Research methods in public administration and nonprofit management:

Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.

Miccio, A. W., Hammer, C. S., & Toribio, A. J. (2002). Linguistics and speech-language

pathology: combining research efforts toward improved interventions for bilingual

children. In J. E. Alatis, H. E. Hammilton, & A. H. Tan (eds.), Georgetown University

Round Table on Languages and Linguistics 2000: Linguistics, language, and the

professions (pp. 234–250). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press

Mildinhall, S. (2012).Speech and Language in the Patient with Cleft Palate. In M. Cobourne

(Ed.), Cleft lip and palate epidemiology, aetiology, and treatment (pp. 137-146). Basel:

Karger.

Miller, F. (2005). Cerebral palsy. New York: Springer.

Malik, S. N., Khan, S. G. & Nusrat, A. (2015) Common Co-Morbidities Associated with

Language Delay. Journal of Riphah College of Rehabilitaion Sciences, 3 (2), 63-66.

Mohiuddin, Y. N. (2007). Pakistan: A global studies handbook. Santa Barbara, Calif : ABC-Clio.

Morley, H. J. (1960). Applying linguistics to speech and language therapy for aphasics.

Language Learning,10.135-149.

Mwihaki, A. (2002-2003). Viewing speech pathology as an aspect of applied linguistics.

Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 38, 239-253.

Müller, N., & Ball, M. J. (2013). Research methods in clinical linguistics and phonetics: A

practical guide. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.

Nadar, E. N. (2011). Statistics. New Delhi: PHL Learning.

Naeem, F., Mahmood, Z., &Saleem, S. (2014). Dyslexia a Myth or Reality: Identification of

Dyslexia in School Children of Grade Fourth and Fifth. FWU Journal of Social

Sciences, 8(1), 1-9.

Nagarajan, R., Savitha, V. H., &Subramaniyan, B. (2009). Communication disorders in

individuals with cleft lip and palate: An overview. Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery,

42(Suppl), 137-143.

Nail-Chiwetalu, B., & Ratner, N. B. (2007). An assessment of the information-seeking abilities

and needs of practicing speech-language pathologists. Journal of the

Medical Library Association, 95(2), 182-190.

Nakagawa, S., Shikano, K., &Tohkura, Y. (1995). Speech, hearing and neural network models.

Tokyo: Ohmsha.

Naz, S. ( 2005). Comparative Investigation of Perceptual Organization, Postural Stability and

 Receptive Vocabulary Among Dyslexics with and without ADHD. (Unpublished

master’s Thesis). Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi.

Nickels, L. (2002).Rehabilitation of spoken word production in aphasia.Hove: Psychology.

O’Connor, H., & Gibson, N. (2003). A step-by-step guide to qualitative data analysis.

Pimatisiwin: A Journal of Indigenous and Aboriginal Community Health, 1(1), 63–90.

Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory . New York: McGraw-Hill.

Osberger, M. J., & McGarr, N. S. (1982). Speech production characteristics of the hearing-

impaired. In N. J. Lass (Ed.), Speech and language: Advances in basic research and

practice (pp. 221–284). New York: Academic Press.

Ohman, S. (1975). What is that we perceive when we perceive speech?. In Cohen, A., &

Nooteboom, S. G. Structure and Process in Speech Perception: Proceedings of the

Symposium on Dynamic Aspects of Speech Perception held at I.P.O., Eindhoven,

Netherlands, August 4-6, 1975. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Otake, T., Hatano, G., Yoneyama, K., 1996. Speech segmentation by Japanese listeners. In:

Otake, T. and Cutler, A. (Eds.), Phonological Structure and Language Processing:

Cross-Linguistic Studies. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 183-201.

Otake, T., Hatano, G., Cutler, A., & Mehler, J. (1993). Mora or Syllable? Speech Segmentation

in Japanese. Journal of Memory and Language, 32(2), 258-278.

Pandey, A. (2012). Language building blocks: Essential linguistics for early childhood

educators. New York: Teachers College Press.

Paniagua, L., Signorini, A., Costa, S., Collares, M., &Dornelles, S. (2013). Velopharyngeal

dysfunction: A systematic review of major instrumental and auditory-perceptual

assessments. International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology, 17(3), 251-256.

Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement. American Speech and Hearing Association. (n.d.). Retrieved

on May, 20, 2016, from http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/PVFM/

Parveen, M. & Nawaz, I. (2015) Evaluation of Phonological Assessment Practices of Children

with Suspected Speech Sound Difficulties Conducted By Speech-Language Pathologists

in Pakistan. Journal of Riphah College of Rehabilitaion Sciences, 3 (1), 36-44.

Paul, R., & Norbury, C. (2012). Language disorders from infancy through adolescence:

Listening, speaking, reading, writing, and communicating. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier.

Payne, T., & Turner, E. (1999). Dyslexia: A parents' and teachers' guide. Clevedon, England:

Multilingual Matters.

Pennington, L., Goldbart, J., & Marshall, J. (2001). Speech and language therapy to improve the

communication skills of children with cerebral palsy. Cochrane Database of Systematic

Reviews Reviews.1-32.

Penke, M. 2015. Syntax and language disorders. In A. Alexiadou & T. Kiss (eds.), Syntax — an

International Handbook of Contemporary Research, (pp.1833-1874). Berlin: Walter de

Gruyter.

Perry, A.R. (2010). Cultural Competence in Speech-Language Pathology: A Review of Where

We Are and Where We Go

http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1273&context=gs_rp

Perkins, M. (2013, May). When Language goes wrong: What clinical linguistics can do for us.

Babel: The Language Megazine, (3), 29-34.

Phillips, P. P., Phillips, J. J., & Aaron, B. C. (2013). Survey basics. Virginia:ASTD Press.
Probst, R., Grevers, G., &Iro, H. (2006). Basic Otorhinolaryngology: A step-by-step learning

guide ; 54 tables. Stuttgart: Thieme.

Pulera, D. (2006). Sharing the dream: White males in multicultural America. New York, N.Y:

Continuum.

Post Graduate Diploma in Speech& Language Therapy. (2016). Retrieved April 04, 2016, from

http://www.al-lissan.org/diploma_speech.asp

Rabia, A., Sikander, G.K., Manzoor, M.T., Ibrahim, M.,Sadia, T., & Safa, P. (2104). Prevalence

of Articulation Disorder in School Going Children between Ages of 8 to 12 Years.

International Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences, 3(01), 32-26.

Ramig, P. R., & Dodge, D. (2010). The child and adolescent stuttering treatment and activity

resource guide. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning.

Ravid, D., Bar-On, A. & Dattner, E. (2013). Linguistics in the service of communication

disorders:New frontiers. AILA Review, 26, 79–99.

Reynolds, C. R., & Fletcher-Janzen, E. (2007). Encyclopedia of special education: A reference

for the education of children, adolescents, and adults with disabilities and other

exceptional children and adults. New York: Wiley.

Reynolds, C., & Fletcher-Janzen, E. (2007). Encyclopedia of special education: A reference for

the education of children, adolescents, and adults with disabilities and other exceptional

individuals (3rd ed., Vol. 3). Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons.

Roach, P.(1998). English phonetics and phonology: A practical course. Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press.

Roseberry-Mckibbin, C. (1994). Assessment and Intervention for Children with Limited English
 Proficiency and Language Disorders. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology

American Journal of Speech Language Pathology, 3(3), 77.

Roth, F. P., & Worthington, C. K. (2011). Treatment resource manual for speech-language

pathology. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar.

role. 2016. In Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved May 8, 2016, from

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/role

Saleem, A.M.,Kabir, H. ; Riaz, M.K.;Rafique, M.M.; Khalid, N.; Shahid, S.R.( April-May,

2002). Urdu Consonantal and Vocalic Sounds: CRULP Annual Student Report. Akbare-

Urdu.Islamabad: National Language Authority.

Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for business students. Essex:

Pearson Education.

Seidman, I. (2006). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education

and the social sciences. New York: Teachers College Press.

Sethi, J., & Dhamija, P. V. (2002). A course in phonetics and spoken English. New Delhi:

Prentice-Hall of India.

Shafer, S., & Moss, K. (1998, January 1). Cerebral Palsy and Children with Vision and Hearing

Loss. Retrieved October 10, 2014, from http://www.tsbvi.edu/seehear/fall98/cpvh.htm

Shenton, A. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research

projects. Education for Information, 22,63-75.

Shrivastav, R. P. (2014). Ear, nose & throat and head & neck surgery: An illustrated textbook.

Siddiqui, A. (2013). Establishing an Institute of Speech-Language Therapy in Pakistan. Pakistan

 Journal of Medicine and Dentistry, 1(01), 70-79.

Simpson, C. B., & Rosen, C. A. (2008). Operative techniques in laryngology. Berlin: Springer

Shipley, K. G., & McAfee, J. G. (2009). Assessment in speech-language pathology: A resource

manual. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning.

Sell, D. (2008). Speech Therapy Delivery and Cleft Lip and Palate in the Developing World. In

M. Mars, A. Habel, & D. Sell (Eds.), Management of Cleft Lip and Palate in Developing

World (pp. 193-202). Chichester: John Wiley& Sons.

Smith,D.(2003). Five principles of research ethics: cover your bases with these ethical strategies.

APA Monitor Psychol,34, 56–60.

Speech Language Therapy in Pakistan. (2102, August 22). Dawn. Retrieved June 12, 2016, from

http://www.dawn.com/news/880784/speech-language-therapy-in-pakistan

Spicko, A.M.(2007). Perceptions of speech language pathologists.(Unpublished Honors thesis).

Western Michigan University, Michigan.

Stackhouse, J., & Wells, B. (1997). Children’s speech and literacy difficulties I: A

psycholinguistic framework. London: Whurr.

Stackhouse, J., Pascoe, M., & Gardner, H. (2006). Intervention for a child with persisting speech

and literacy difficulties: A psycholinguistic approach. Advances in Speech Language

Pathology, 8(3), 231-244.

Stainton, R. (2011). Pragmatic Impairments. International Review of Pragmatics, 3(2011), 85-

97.

St.Louis, K., Bakker, K., Myers, F., & Raphael, L. (2010).Cluttering. In J. Stone & M. Blouin

(Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Rehabilitation. Center for International

Rehabilitation Research Information and Exchange. Retrieved December 22, 2014, from
http://cirrie.buffalo.edu/encyclopedia/en/article/262/
Stork, F., &Widdowson, J. (1974). Learning about linguistics: An introductory workbook.

London: Hutchinson.

Student Support Service. (2000). Communication Disorders. Labradar: Department of Education

and Early Childhood Development. Retrieved from

http://www.ed.gov.nl.ca/edu/k12/studentsupportservices/publications/CommunicationDis

ordersHandbook.pdf

Strand, E., &MacCauley, R. (1990). Assessment Procedures for Treatment Planning in Children

with Phonologic and Motor Disorder. In A. Caruso & E. Strand (Eds.), Clinical

management of motor speech disorders in children (pp. 73-148). New York: Thieme.

Suhail, K., &Zafar, F. (2008). Prevalence of Autism in Special Education Schools of

Lahore.Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 23(3-4), 45-64.

Syed, N.A. & Hasan, G. ( 2014). Research Trends in Linguistics in Sindh. Balochistan Journal

of Linguistics,2, 1-34.

Tannock, R., & Brown, T. (2009). ADHD with language and/or learning disorders in Children

and Adolescents. In T. Brown (Ed.), ADHD Comorbidities: Handbook for ADHD

Complications in Children and Adults (1st ed., pp. 189-232). Washington, DC:

American Psychiatric Pub.

Tanner, D. C. (2008). The family guide to surviving stroke and communication disorders.

 Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

Teddlie, C., & Yu, F. (2007). Mixed Methods Sampling: A Typology With Examples. Journal of

Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 77-100.

Teoh, A. P., & Chin, S. B. (2009). Transcribing the Speech of Children With Cochlear Implants:

Clinical Application of Narrow Phonetic Transcriptions. American Journal of Speech-

Language Pathology, 18(4), 388-401.

The Understood Team. (2014). Understanding Language Disorders. Retrieved June 01, 2016,

from https://www.understood.org/en/learning-attention-issues/child-learning-

disabilities/communication-disorders/understanding-language-disorders

Tucker, Janice K. (2012) "Perspectives of Speech-Language Pathologists on the Use of

Telepractice in Schools: The Qualitative View."International Journal of

Telerehabilitation ,4(2), 47-60.

University College London. (2016, February 10). PALS1004 Introduction to Speech Science.

Retrieved February 27, 2016, from

http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/courses/spsci/iss/week5.php

Vinson, B. P. (2012). Preschool and school-age language disorders. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar

Cengage Learning.

Vocal Cord Nodules and Polyps. American Speech and Hearing Association.(n.d.). Retrieved on
 May, 20, 2016, from http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/NodulesPolyps/

Voniati, L. (2015). School Based Speech and Language Therapists’ Perceptions of MLU-w and

Its Use. Science Journal of Education SJEDU, 3(6), 119-125.

Wei Ling, L. (B). Delayed or Abnormal Language development. [Bulletin]. Singapore:

National University Hospital

Westwood, P. S. (2008). What teachers need to know about reading and writing difficulties.

Camberwell, Vic: ACER Press.

Wilson, L., McNeill, B.& Gillon, G.T. (2015) The knowledge and perceptions of prospective

teachers and speech language therapists in collaborative language and literacy

instruction. Child Language Teaching & Therapy 31(3),347-362

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265659015585374

What is language? What is speech. American Speech and Hearing Association. (n.d.). Retrieved

on May, 6, 2016 from

http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/language_speech.htm

Wolter, J. A., & Green, L. (2013). Morphological Awareness Intervention in School-Age

Children With Language and Literacy Deficits. Topics in Language Disorders, 33(1),

27-41. Retrieved February 15, 2016, from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271591558_Morphological_Awareness_Assess

ment_nd_Intervention_to_Improve_Language_and_Literacy.

Wolfram, W. (1992, September). The sociolinguistic model in speech and language pathology.
Keynote address at the International Conference on Inter-Disciplinary Perspectives in

Speech and Language Pathology. Dublin, Ireland. (ERIC Document Reproduction

Service No. ED 359 789).

Yule, G. (2007). The study of language. Cambridge:Cambridge Univ. Press.