THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
KAGERA REGION
FORM FOUR MOCK EXAMINATION, MAY 2020

PHYSICS 1 - MARKING SCHEME

1. MULTIPLE CHOICE

i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) x)

10 marks 01@
B D B C A B A C C A

2. MATCHING ITEMS

i) ii) iii) iv) v)

05 marks = 01@
F C G D B

3. (a) When white light enters an equilateral glass prism light bends towards the normal
since the glass prism is denser than air. The waves of light emerge from the other side and
get dispersed in such a manner that light with short wave length violet is closer to the
bottom.
02 marks

White light

Where
R stands for RED
O for ORANGE
Y for YELLOW
G for GREEN
B for BLUE 02 marks
I for INDIGO, and
V for VIOLET

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3 .(b) The two differences between eye and camera lens are as follows

Eye Camera
1.The image distance is constant, i.e. it is 1.The image distance is variable because
the diameter of the eye between lens and lens can be moved to focus the image on
retina the film
2.The eye has a fluid for refraction of rays 2.The camera has only air inside
3.Focusing is done by changing the shape 3.Focusing is done by adjusting the lens
of lens position relative to the film at the back
with the focusing knob
4.Light is refracted by the cornea, lens and 4.Light is refracted by lens only
the fluid
1.5@=6marks
etc………………………………………………………………1.5@ = 6marks

4. (a) The level of water in the tube falls first and then starts to rise when the flask

is heated BECAUSE the container/vessel containing liquid expand first because

is the one that receives heat before the heat reaches the liquid. (5marks)
5marks
4. (b)

(02 marks
diagram)
Clockwise
moments
According to weights suspension the point (pivot) should be near point A. Let X be the distance from
A to that point.

∑ .Clockwise moments = ∑ .anticlockwise moments

0.40N x (1 – x) M + 0.40N x (1M +(1– x)M) = 0.80N x x

0.40 – 0.40x + 0.80 – 0.40x = 0.80x (01 marks)

0.40 + 0.80 = 0.80x + 0.4x + 0.4x

1.20 1.6 x
=
1.60 1.6

x = 0.75M
(02 marks)
∴ It will balance at 0.75 M ∨75 cm¿ point A

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 5. (a) The length of a metal chain on the petrol tankers is for earthing purposes. This
is because as the petrol tankers are in contact with air, they become charged by friction.
The recombination of charges in air and those acquired by the case of petrol tankers
may lead into explosion that can cause sparks and finally fire may erupt.
For safety purpose, the metal chain carries the charges to the Earth for neutralization
(Earthing)
05marks
(b) Data given
Force (weight) on large piston (F2) = 5000N
Area (A2) on large piston (A2) = 0.10M2
Area on small piston (A1) = 0.020M2
Required: Force on small piston (F1) = ?

Soln
Recall from Pascal’s Principle
F1 F2
=
A1 A 2

A1 (02marks)
F1 = F 2
A2
0.02 M 2
F1 = 5000N x
0.10 M 2
F1 = 1000N
Therefore, the force that must be applied to piston 1 to lift the car=100N (01marks)

( From A1d1 = A2d2 (d2 and d1 distances on large and small pistons)

A2
d1 = , d2
A1

0.02 M 2
d1 = 0.3M x (01 marks)
0.10 M 2

d1 = 1.5M

∴The piston 1 must be pushed 1.5M downwards (01 marks)

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6. (a) Corrugated iron sheet roofs make cracking noises on a night preceded by a hot day
due to the expansion of heat. During a hot day, iron sheets are heated hence
overnight they expand (metal expansion) resulting into cracking noise.
05marks

6.(b) Data given

Initial diameter (do) = 150cm

Final diameter (d1) = 151cm

∝ steel = 0.000011/K

Initial temperature (T1) = 100C

Reg: T2 = ?

Solution

Recall from

∆d
∝= , ∆ d = d1 – d0 = 151cm – 150cm ∴ ∆ d = 1cm
do ∆ T

1cm
0.000011/K = ¿(01 marks)
150 cmT 2−100 C ¿

1
0.000011/K =
150 ( T 2−10 )

6.67 x 10−3
0.000011/K =
(T 2−10)

0.000011T2 – 0.00011 = 6.67 x 10-3

0.000011T2 = (6.67 x 10-3) + 0.000011

0.000011 T 2 6.7767 x 10−3

= = 616K(01 marks)
0.000011 0.000011

T2 = 616 K

∴ The temperature that a tyre must be heated = 7160K (03marks)

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 7. (a) Data given
Height of Hg at sea level(h) = 760mm Hg =0.76m
ρHg =13,600 kg /m3
ρair =1.2 kg /m3
Hmountain = 440 m
g =10 m/s 2
Pressure at sea level/ground (PHg) = ρHg × g × h
=13,600 kg / m3 × 10 m/s 2 × 0.76m
= 100,320 N / m2
01mark

Pressure at the top of mountain =difference in pressure

= PHg – Pa
(where PHg =pressure at sea level and Pa = Air pressure)
But Air pressure(Pa) = ρair × g × Hmountain
3 2
= 1.2 kg /m ×10 m/ s × 440 m

=5,280 N / m2
01mark

It follows that the change in pressure (ΔP) = PHg −Pa

= 100,320 N /m 2−¿5,280 N / m2
=95,040 N / m2 01mark

From ΔP = ρgh
ΔP
The barometer reading at the top of the mountain will beh=
ρg
95,040 N /m 2
=
13,200 kg/m 3 × 10 m/s2 02marks
= 0.72mHg or 720 mmHg

(b) Let Lx = length of wire X Dx= diameter of wire X

Ly = length of wire Y Dy = diameter of wire Y
1
Then, Lx = Ly 0.5mark
2
1
and Dx = Dy 0.5 mark
2
ρL
From, R=
A 0.5mark
It follows that
ρLx
ρLx 01mark
Rx = = π D 2 x …………………………………………….(i)
Ax
4

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 ρLy 01mark
ρLy
Ry = = π D2 y ………………………………………………..(ii)
Ay
4
ρLx
π D2 x 1.5mark
Rx 4
The ratio of the resistance of X to that of Y= = =2:1
Ry ρLy
π D2 y
4

8. (a) By using parallelogram law

01 mark

Consider a triangle ABC above,

By cosine rule a 2=b2 +c 2−2 bcCosẬ 01Marks

But a=X

X 2 =202 +27.52−2 ×20 ×27.5 × cos 160

X 2 =400+756.25 −1057.39 =98.86,

Thus the magnitude of X =9.94N 01marks

By sine rule

sin 16 sinC
=
9.94 20

20× sin 16
SinC= =0.5546
9.94
02 marks
Therefore < C =33.70 and this is the angle force Q makes with 20N

(b) Production of X-rays

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 X-rays are produced when the first moving electrons from the cathode hit the metal
target (tungsten) connected to the anode get stopped and thereby transfer their energy
to electrons of the anode which in turn gives radiations (x-rays).
(04 marks)

Oil to cool anode

(02 marks)

SECTION C (25 Marks)

9. (a) The given device represents a moving –coil galvanometer 01 mark

Three factors that its sensitivity depends are
(i) Strength of the restoring hair springs-if the springs are less powerful, the coil turns
easily and more quickly than when they are more powerful.
(ii) Number of turns of the coil-if the coil has many turns, the force02 marks
on the coil becomes
large, hence high sensitivity of the galvanometer.
02 marks
(iii) Strength of the magnetic flux-if the magnet is strong, the force on the coil is also
large, and this gives rise to large deflection.
02 marks
9. (b) Three factors affecting the frequency stretched string (wire) are:
i) Tension (T) frequency is directly proportional to the square root of tension. ¿

(0.5mark
ii) Length of a wire (L): The frequency of a string is inversely proportional to the length
of that wire. ¿)
(0.5markm 1
iii) Mass per unit length (Linear mass density) ( f ∝ )
μ 0.5mark
1 T
Therefore: f ∝
√
L μ
1 T 1
f =K
√
L μ
1 T
Where K = (Expt)
2

f=
√
2L μ (02 marks)
(1.5 marks)

9.(c)

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10. (a) Diagram
2marks

From the metre bridge given above, it follows that

(3Ω)× ( 100−l )=(5 Ω)×(l)
300−3l=5l 02marks
300=8 l
300 8l
=
8 8
l=37.5 cm
Therefore, the balancing point (null point) will be at 37.5cm 02marks

10. (b)PN junction semiconductor

Construction

It is made up of two semiconductors P-type and N-type semiconductors joined

together to form a continuous crystal.
(01 marks)

Page 8 of 10

(01 marks)
 Mode of Action

Once a P-N junction is made, electrons cross over the boundary from N-type to holes in
P-type so as to recombine with holes. At the same time holes cross and capture
electrons. The recombination creates a P.d and a barrier across the boundary. The
region is called deputation layer. (04.5 marks)

Note: P.d = 0.1V for silicon and 0.3V for Germanium.

11. (a) Advantages of a.c over d.c

 A.c can be stepped up or stepped down.
 A.c machines(motors, generators) are cheaper than d.c machines.
 A.c have low heating effects than d.c, so it can be transported over long
distances.

11. (b) Consider the diagram below

03marks

Two defects of a simple cell.

A simple cell has two defects which cause the current to diminish quickly when the cell is
being used, and these defects are:

 Polarization-Is the defect from the formation of hydrogen bubbles on copper

plate. Hence, this results into the fall of current to a very small value. 03marks
 Local action-Is caused by the presence of small impurities such as iron or carbon
in zinc which sets up tiny local cells at the zinc surface.
03marks
11.(c) Earthquakes – Is the suddenly ofayerg of the earth’s crust due to the movement of the
rocks or magma at constructive boundaries of tectonic plates.
(01 marks)
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How Earthquakes Occur

Earthquakes occurs when the tectonic plates grind past each other rather than slide
past each other smoothly, where they become locked together by friction. For some
time they do not move and energy builds up, pressure builds between the plates until
the frictional force gives way. The plate moves suddenly, releasing the pressure
(energy) which is felt as Earthquakes. (02.5marks

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