Module 2A:

ELECTRICAL AND OTHER

POWER SYSTEMS
Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.
 ELECTRICITY
Modulea2A:
science dealing with the physical phenomena arising
from the existence and interaction of electric charges.
ELECTRICAL AND OTHER
POWER• SYSTEMS
principally made up of atoms (electron,
proton, neutron)

Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.of moving electrons.

• the flow
 Parts of an Atom
ModuleProton
2A: - has a positive charge.
ELECTRICAL -ANDFound OTHER
in the middle of the atom called “nucleus.”
POWER SYSTEMS- It does not move.
Neutron - has no charge and therefore neutral.
- Found in the middle of the atom with proton.
Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.
Electron - has a negative charge.
- Found in the orbit of the atom outside of the nucleus.
- It weighs less than the proton and neutron so it
moves.
 Electric Charge
Modulethe2A:
intrinsic property of matter giving rise to all electric
phenomena.
ELECTRICAL AND OTHER
• Positive charge
POWER SYSTEMS
• Negative charge

Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.

Electrons pulled free from
the atom is what we
call electricity!
Module 2A:
General Classes of Electricity
ELECTRICAL AND OTHER
POWER SYSTEMS
• Static Electricity (Electrostatic)

• Dynamic Electricity (Electrodynamic)

Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.
 Static Electricity
Module •2A:
a type of electricity that is formed from the electric charges
ELECTRICAL AND onOTHER
that remain an object.

POWER •SYSTEMS
describes all the phenomena related to electric charges at
rest.

Ar. Ricky R. Mojica,

• thereuap.
is no flow of electrons.

• electromagnetic forces cause static electricity.

Static Electricity

Try rubbing your hands together

and feel what happens!
Hold a balloon, rub it on your hair
Static Electricity

Hold a balloon, rub it on your hair and stick it to the wall

Static Electricity

Comb your hair and your comb Whizz down a plastic slide and
then pick up bits of paper your hair sticks up on end!
 Dynamic Electricity
Module •2A:
a type of electricity that is formed when electrons are
ELECTRICAL AND
changing OTHER
/ moving from one place to another.

POWER •SYSTEMS
dynamic means “changing”

Ar. Ricky R. Mojica,

• there uap.
is a flow of electrons

• the flowing of electrons is called “electrical current”

ModuleDynamic
2A: Electricity
ELECTRICAL AND OTHER
POWER SYSTEMS
Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.

Electricity
 ELECTRICAL
TERMINOLOGIES
 ELECTRIC CURRENT ( I )
Module• 2A:
flow in an electric circuit.
ELECTRICAL
• the SI AND OTHERan electric current is the “ampere.”
unit for measuring
POWER SYSTEMS
Ampere (A) - is equal to a flow of 1 coulomb per second (C/s).

Coulomb
Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap. (C) - the quantity of electricity transferred across a
conductor by a current of one ampere in one second.
 Classifications of Current
Module 2A:
• Direct Current (DC)
ELECTRICAL AND OTHER
• Alternating Current (AC)
POWER SYSTEMS
Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.
 DIRECT CURRENT (DC)
Module• 2A:
flows in one direction ( from - to +)
ELECTRICAL
• uniformAND OTHER
in strength
POWER SYSTEMS
Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.
 DIRECT CURRENT (DC)
ModuleTwo
2A:
Types:
ELECTRICAL AND OTHER
• Continuous
POWER• SYSTEMS
Pulsating (Fluctuating)

Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.

 ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC)
Module 2A:
• reverses in direction where:
ELECTRICAL AND OTHER cps = cycle per second
• Frequency: 60 cps (60 Hertz)
POWER SYSTEMS SP = Single Pole
• Phase: SP/3P 3P = Three Phase

Ar. Ricky R. •Mojica,

230VAC,uap.60 Hz, SP VAC = Volts for alternating
Current
 DC vs. AC
Module 2A:
ELECTRICAL AND OTHER
POWER SYSTEMS
Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.
 DC vs. AC
Module 2A:
Direct Current Alternating Current
ELECTRICAL AND DC OTHER AC
POWER Fixed
SYSTEMS
polarity Reverses polarity
Steady (Continuous); Vary
Varies between reversal
in magnitude (Fluctuating)
Ar. Ricky R. Mojica, uap.
Steady value Stepped up or down

Easier to amplify: 110V+ or

Easier to measure: 1.5 volts
More (220V in the Phil)
THE
END