CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY

(CvSU)
DON SEVERINO DE LAS ALAS CAMPUS
Indang, Cavite

College of Engineering and Information Technology

First semester, Academic Year 2019-2020

SP 100:
AN AQUATIC PARK

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of

Bachelor of Science in Architecture on
Architectural Design VII (ARCH 170A)

Submitted by:

ALFANTA, 201610217
Bachelor of Science in Architecture 4–2

Submitted to:

ARCH. EPITACIO A. OLEGARIO JR., uap

INSTRUCTOR • ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VIII

August 22, 2019

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page no.

 AQUATIC PARK-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

 OVERVIEW--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

 INTRODUCTION-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

 BRIEF HISTORY-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-5

 LIST OF RIDES AND ATTRACTIONS---------------------------------------------------------------------- 6-9

 AQUATIC FACILITIES------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10

 APPROACHES TO AQUATIC PLANNING---------------------------------------------------------------- 11

 LAWS GOVERNING AQUATIC PARK--------------------------------------------------------------------- 12-32

 DEFINING AQUATIC USER GROUPS--------------------------------------------------------------------- 33

 DEMOGRAPHICS AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS------------------------------------------------- 34-36

 EXAMPLES OF AQUATIC PARK--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37-41

 SAMPLE MASTER PLAN-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42

 REFERENCES---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43-44
 AQUATIC PARK
A theme park - aquatic park is a place
with attractions made up of rides, such
as roller coasters and water rides. They
usually contain a selection of different
types of rides, along with shops,
restaurants and other entertainment
outlets. Theme parks can be enjoyed by
adults, teenagers and children.

Many are themed to a particular area;

there are water parks, parks modeled
after toys, parks modeled after movies
or types of movies, usually adventure or
action

An aquatic park / water park is

an amusement park that features water
play areas such as swimming
pools, water slides, splash pads, water
playgrounds, and lazy rivers, as well as
areas for bathing, swimming, and other
barefoot environments. Modern water parks may also be equipped with some type of
artificial surfing or bodyboarding environment, such as a wave pool or flowrider.

The first-ever indoor water park was built in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, in 1985 at the West Edmonton
Mall as part of the $12.2-billion-dollar Phase III expansion. World Waterpark is the world's largest indoor
water park, at over 655,550 sq ft (60,903 m2) in size. It includes the world's largest indoor wave pool, water
slides of varying degrees, tube rides, bungee jumping, and hot tubs. Tropical Islands Resort(Germany),
with an area of 510,000 sq ft (47,000 m2), is currently the second largest indoor water park in the world.
With five indoor water parks, Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin is recognized as the "Water Park Capital of the
World". It showcases several of America's largest indoor and outdoor water parks, such as Noah's Ark
Water Park. Indoor water parks in Wisconsin Dells debuted in 1994 after the Polynesian Resort Hotel built
the first one in the U.S.
Success in extending the tourist season and turning water park resorts into vacation destinations has
resulted in tremendous industry growth. Usually, resort hotels featuring massive indoor water parks have
been reserved for overnight guests. Companies like Great Wolf Resorts/Great Wolf Lodge and Kalahari
Resorts have branched out from their origin in Wisconsin Dells to open new locations around the country.
Mt. Olympus Theme and Water Park (formerly Family Land) is another huge water park in the Dells.
The largest indoor water park in the UK is Sandcastle Water Park in Blackpool, England, which opened in
1986.
There are many water parks in southern Europe where the climate suits a long season. For example,
in Portugal's Algarve, there are three main parks: Aqualand, Aquashow, and Slide n' Splash.
The growth of indoor water parks have encouraged leisure centres across the world to begin implementing
features of waterparks into their facilities, including slides and lazy rivers.

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 OVERVIEW

An aquatic park - theme park is a large area containing several different pools, with equipment usually
and activities for swimmers, that visitors pay to use. A water park or waterpark is an amusement park that
features water play areas, such as water slides, splash pads, spray grounds, lazy rivers, or other
recreational bathing, swimming, and barefooting environments. Water parks in more current states of
development may also be equipped with some type of artificial surfing or bodyboarding environment such
as a wave pool or Flow Rider. An amusement park with rides that involve water and areas where people
can play or swim in water

CLARK, Pampanga -- The biggest water theme park in Southeast Asia located here has finally opened its
gates to the public in time for summer season. Aqua Planet, the newest water theme park in the Philippines,
has over 38 water slides and attractions on a 10-hectare property. The first-of-its-kind in Pampanga and
Central Luzon, Aqua Planet is seen to attract local and foreign tourists on its spiral ride, super bowl, flow
rider, tornado, octopus racer, mermaid bay, lazy river and boogie bay among others. Aside from its water
attractions, Aqua Planet has eight shops and restaurants offering a wide array of foods and souvenir items
for guests of all ages. Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) are welcome as Aqua Planet designed its facilities
to cater guests with a handicap. In an interview, Dr. Irineo Alvaro, chairman and president of the Bridges
and Benevolent Initiatives (BBI) Foundation and general manager of Aqua Planet, said the world-class
water theme park is committed to providing safe and enjoyable experience to guests because of exhilarating
water rides, endless fun, and adventure.

Alvaro said from the structures and facilities Aqua Planet really wanted to give not only to the people of
Central Luzon but to the Filipino people a real taste of the first and most modern water park in the country.
He said Aqua Planet had passed the third-party certification for international standard and could
accommodate up to 5,000 people per day. Meanwhile, Department of Tourism (DOT) 3 Director Carolina
Uy said Aqua Planet's opening would entice both foreign and local visitors and a perfect alternative for
Boracay amid the controversy it is now facing."Let us take advantage of this to promote this latest attraction
to the Mindanao and Visayas region as Clark has direct flights from this region available here through Cebu
Pacific and AirAsia. This is a perfect destination for summer," Uy said during the grand opening
Saturday.Others who attended the grand opening and ribbon cutting were Philippine Amusement and
Gaming Corporation Chairman Andrea Domingo, Bases Conversion and Development Authority president
Vince Dizon and Clark Development Corporation president Noel Manankil.Clark’s Aqua Planet is accessible
via North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) and Subic Clark Tarlac Expressway (SCTEX). It only takes 15 minutes
by car from Aqua Planet to the SM City Clark, 20 minutes to Angeles City Heritage Plaza, and about 45
minutes to Subic Bay via SCTEX. (PNA)

According to Wikipedia, A water park or waterpark is an amusement park that features water play areas
such as swimming pools, water slides, splash pads, water playgrounds, and lazy rivers, as well as areas
for bathing, swimming, and other barefoot environments. Generally speaking, Water Park was introduced
in the 1940s and it was firstly getting popular in North America, mostly inAmericaandCanada. With the
develop of globalization, more and more country build their first Water Park and people around the world
start to get used to visiting this thrilling place in summer days.

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 INTRODUCTION

For years now, Tourism in the

country has been one of the major
income-generating sectors of the
Philippines. Being the haven for nice
beaches, theme parks and other
tourist spots, the country is being
known by others nations and the
Filipinos are being known for their
hospitality and values in socializing.
Beaches, especially those in the
Philippines, are a whole lot of fun.
After all, who can resist surfing the
glassy waves, riding a glass-bottom
boat from one reef to another,
sometimes all you want to do is drop
down a nice water slide and into a
pool with a big splash.

Firstly you should have a land, and then you should get the paper work done with local government. After
that you can choose a suitable supplier to start design and manufacturing. Guangzhou Jingle Water Park
Ltd is a master of this field since its very foundation in the 1990s. We offer one station service for our clients
all over the world. And we have hundreds of successful cases at home and around the globe. Count on us
and let us start a fascinating water park together!

Creating water parks that are exuberant, spacious, bright and memorable (as well as functional) takes more
than clever engineering. It requires an understanding of the many personalities of water and the ways that
people interact with it. Water is one of the most powerful tools a designer has to work with. People are
drawn to it. It plays to all of our most basic emotions and it fills us with a gratification that exceeds the delight
of the senses.

The most important thing to remember about a water park: it is a park. At any given moment, there are
people playing, eating,lounging and strolling. They might also be swimming,splashing, squirting, sliding,
plunging and paddling –or simply enjoying a day out with the family.
In our 30 years of international water park experience, we have never lost sight of this simple fact. But we
have also been innovators in the sector, introducing revolutionary new concepts, designing the biggest and
the first, pioneering the wide use of branding, rejuvenating existing successful parks and remembering that
it’s the total environment, not the accumulation of attractions, that make a memorable guest experience.

Water parks are wonderful fun-filled places, where families can spend the day (or several days) splashing
or lounging in carefree enjoyment. The design and construction of water parks involves many “backstage”
elements – administration, mechanical systems, safety considerations, hydraulics and structural
engineering, for example – but it’s the memorable guest experience that really matters. In great water parks,
such as those on the following pages, the invisible aspects are creatively and deftly handled so that they
remain invisible and the visitor experience is never less than wet, wonderful and worth enjoying again and
again.

An apparent contradiction between physical theories and earlier or alternative conceptions held by students
poses a major challenge to science educators . A partial vision of the world and a lack of understanding of
the scientific method, among other factors, often prevent students from grasping the implications of physical
models and the coherence between apparently opposing pre-dictions. Because of this, concepts studied in
the science class appear to have no connection with real life.
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 Even those students who learn to complete their assignments satisfactorily may not have assimilated basic
underlying concepts. This dissociation between students’ preconceived ideas and formal education can
result in a lack of interest and motivation, and ultimately causes scientific knowledge to be rapidly discarded
as irrelevant. One possible strategy to address this conflict is to analyse everyday problems through the
lens of physics. The problems should engage students in making predictions, testing their conceptions and
comparing them with experimental results report cards, and addresses practical questions like safety and
the responsibility of the institutions involved. More recently, classroom-support activities specifically for use
in amusement parks have been devised .Smartphone usage has expanded dramatically in recent years
worldwide.

This revolution has also impacted upon undergraduate laboratories, where different experiences are
facilitated by the use of the sensors these devices usually include. Recently, several articles have proposed
the use of smartphones in physics experiments. The application of these devices is not limited to the
classroom; actually, most of the mentioned out-door activities also benefit from the popularization of these
technologies. It is worth noting that most of the activities proposed are aimed at amusement parks with
mechanical attractions, and, with few exceptions, do not involve games in water. Thus, it appeared
appealing to devise activities to be carried out in water parks with the aid of new technologies, especially
smartphones, digital cameras and tablets. We organized a series of ‘Physics Workshops in the Water Park’,
held at the hot spring facilities existing in the north of Uruguay, which were attended by secondary education
teachers from the region. Using digital cameras or smartphones, tripods and laptops or tablets, as well as
a collection of ordinary objects like balls, twine and small buoys or floaters, experiments were carried out
in groups of around four participants. In this paper, some of these experiments are described, their results
are analysed and practical recommendations and conclusions are outlined.

Aquatics are an important part of recreation programming nationwide. Swimming pools often lead the list
of desired public recreational amenities in city wide park plans. Additionally, a strong aquatics program
is vitally important for all children and adults to learn to swim–especially in a community adjacent to rivers
and lakes like Dallas, Texas. The City of Dallas currently operates and maintains a system of one
waterpark, one indoor pool, eight splash pads, and seventeen community pools. In 1983, the City of
Dallas operated a system of 107 pools (84 neighborhood pools, and 23 community pools). Usage of pools
(especially the neighborhood pools) declined dramatically in the late 1970s culminating in nearly all of them
closing by the late 1990s. Three initial splash pads were constructed followed by three more large improved
splashpads and one public/private waterpark.

As the economic downturn took place in 2007 and 2008, the City found itself without potential private
partners to help build and operate pools, while operating and capital improvement budgets were
decreasing, thus leading to the closure or limited operating hours of the existing community pools. Some
of the aged pools (oldest 1947 and newest 1978) were patched up to keep operating, while others were
literally cannibalized for parts. Uncertainty about which pools were open and limited operating hours led to
further decreases in pool attendance. In 2010 it was determined that a new aquatic master plan was needed
to address the replacement of physically obsolete aquatic facilities while improving the overall level of
service to the public in a financially sustainable way.Therefore, the City of Dallas contracted with Kimley-
Horn and Counsilman-Hunsaker to prepare a new Aquatics Master Plan to guide the future development
of the City’s aquatic facilities.

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 BRIEF HISTORY
Aquatic Parks / Water parks have grown in popularity since their introduction in the late 1940s and early
1950s. The United States has the largest and most concentrated water park market, with over 1,000 water
parks and dozens of new parks opening each year. Major organizations are the IAAPA (International
Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions) and WWA (World Waterpark Association), which is the
industry trade association.
Aquatic Parks / Water parks which emerge from spas tend to more closely resemble mountain resorts, as
they become year-round destinations. For example, Splash Universe Water Park Resort is themed to match
the community in which it is located. The theme is intended to enhance the community's destination appeal.
Therefore, the amusement and leisure-time industry is becoming more concentrated, as winter sports are
becoming common themes in summertime water recreation.
A process of concentration can be observed in the hybrid versions of theme-, amusement-, and water
parks. Some water parks are more spa-oriented. For example, SchwabenQuellen has no water slides; it
has instead many saunas, steam rooms, "adventure showers", and relaxation-oriented water play areas
In the 2000s, an effort was made to reduce long waiting lines by introducing conveyor belts to lift
passengers or use water jets.
An unusual feature at a water park is ice skating. Deep River Water Park in northwestern Indiana features
ice skating, made possible by cooling pipes installed under their massive plaza.
In the late 1990s most of the remaining City of Dallas neighborhood pools were closed due to poor condition,
non-compliance with code, and low attendance. Many inner-city neighborhoods reacted strongly to the
loss of these facilities and the Parks and Recreation Department immediately constructed three splash
pads and contracted with Water Technology to complete an Aquatic Facility Evaluation Report in
October 2000. Next, the City contracted with Water Technology and William L. Haralson and Associates
to prepare an Aquatics Master Plan in 2001. The 2001 Aquatics Master Plan consisted of the following
tasks:
1) Create a Vision and Mission Statement
2) Conduct a Conditions Assessment of the Twenty-Three (23) Existing Community Pools
3) Review and Analyze Local and Regional Demographic Data
4) Examine Current National Trends and Evaluate Them Versus the Dallas Aquatic Program Needs
Assessment
The 2001 Aquatics Master Plan recommendations were to provide six (6) large full service leisure pools in
strategic locations throughout the City supplemented by some specific program and fun pools,
spraygrounds wherever needed, and some transition pools that could remain in operation if needed and
financially viable.
In keeping with the tenants of the recently completed Dallas Renaissance Plan, the City was
approached by a private waterpark developer to develop the new leisure pools as proposed in 2001
Aquatics Master Plan as public-private partnership waterparks. After difficulty finding suitable sites, the first
of the public/private waterparks was opened at Thurgood Marshall Park in 2005 with Horizon Family
Entertainment at a cost of approximately $5.5 million and named Funding and sites for other similar projects
could not be found and the partnership was mutually dissolved after three years of operation. No further
public/private waterpark opportunities have come forward and the City currently operates the waterpark
without private assistance.With the change in the economy and lack of a partner for public/private waterpark
development, the Parks and Recreation directed that a new modified aquatics plan was needed to guide
the replacement of the City’s aged and old style pools. In 2009, the City began working with
Kimley-Horn and Counsilman-Hunsaker on a new aquatics master plan. A preliminaryassessment was
completed in 2010 and a full assessment was authorized in 2011 for completion in 2012.
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 LIST OF RIDES AND ATTRACTIONS
A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or paddling pool is a
structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other leisure
activities. Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built
above ground (as a freestanding construction or as part of a building or
other larger structure), and are also a common feature aboard ocean-
liners and cruise ships. In-ground pools are most commonly constructed
from materials such as concrete, natural stone, metal, plastic,
or fiberglass, and can be of a custom size and shape or built to a
standardized size, the largest of which is the Olympic-size swimming pool.

A splash pad or spray pool is a recreation area, often in a public park,

for water play that has little or no standing water. This is said to eliminate
the need for lifeguards or other supervision, as there is little risk
of drowning.
Typically there are ground nozzles that spray water upwards out of the
splash pad's raindeck. There may also be other water features such as a
rainbow (semicircular pipe shower), or mushroom- or tree-shaped
showers. Some splash pads feature movable nozzles similar to those
found on fire trucks to allow users to spray others. The showers and ground nozzles are often controlled by
a hand activated-motion sensor, to run for limited time.

A lazy river is a water ride found in water parks, hotels, resorts, and
recreation centers, which usually consists of a shallow (2½ ft. to 3½ ft.)
pool that flows similarly to a river.[1]There is generally a slow current,
usually just enough to allow guests to gently ride along lying on rafts. There
may also be scenic elements added, such as small waterfalls on the edge
of the river. Some connect or lead into swimming pools or wave pools,
while others are self-contained courses that simply complete a circuit.
According to the Gambla, lazy rivers were invented in the state of
California.

Surfing is a surface water sport in which the wave rider, referred to as a

surfer, rides on the forward or face of a moving wave, which usually carries
the surfer towards the shore. Waves suitable for surfing are primarily found
in the ocean, but can also be found in lakesor rivers in the form of
a standing wave or tidal bore. However, surfers can also utilize artificial
waves such as those from boat wakes and the waves created in
artificial wave pools.
Bodyboarding is a water sport in which the surfer rides a bodyboard on
the crest, face, and curl of a wave which is carrying the surfer towards the shore. Bodyboarding is also
referred to as Boogieboarding due to the invention of the "Boogie Board" by Tom Morey. The average
bodyboarding consists of a short, rectangular piece of hydrodynamic foam. Bodyboarders typically
use swim fins for additional propulsion and control while riding a breaking wave.

6
A wave pool is a swimming pool in which there are artificially
generated, reasonably large waves, similar to those of the ocean.
Wave pools are often a major feature of water parks, both indoors and
outdoors, as well as some leisure centres.

Flowriders ride on artificial waves that are technically called "sheet

waves". Powerful pumps project an approximately 7.5 cm (3 in) layer of
water at speeds ranging from approximately 10 to 15 m/s (35 to 55 km/h;
20 to 35 mph).The water flows up and over surfaces engineered to
replicate the shape of ocean waves. Sheet waves are stationary waves, in
that the wave does not move forward, and the movement is derived from
water flowing over a stationary surface. Flowriders get their speed from the

Aqua Loop Slide is the aqua loop slide is one of the favorite for the
teenagers, it is a body slide with a lauching tower of 18 meters high. First
the rider will freefalling for a steep distance then quickly enter a great
loop. After one circle they quit the loop and slow down with the run-out...

Racer Slide If someone asks what is the best entertainment equipment in

a water park that young peers can enjoy and compete together, the racer
slide, without doubt, will be the answer. This slide is usually consists of 3
to 8 lanes at the same time and it is wonderful for friends and...

Boomerango Water Slide is an amazing large scale tube-riding water

slide, one of the most popular equipment in the park. Sitting with your mates
from a launching tower of 12, 14 or 18 meters high in a tube, you will
experience a great ride with all those screaming and yellings....

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Big Tornado Slide you can see this famous slide appearance at most large
water parks! When flying into the giant tornado water slide, tourists will feel
absorbed by hurricane and experienced the feeling of soaring in the air,
which especially suitable for adventurous fellows.

Animal Water Slide The water slides are made in animals' shape, frog,
snake, elephant, rabbbit and octopus. It can spray water when kids are
sliding and this will make it much funnier than other slides. They are always
a good choice for any playing pools.

Pirate Ship with slides, sprayers, water cannon and water gun the many
amusement equipment, this pirate ship can be a very wonderful option for
family tourists. Building one in your water park would be a very wise decision
since it offer so much attraction and fun for kids!

Water Tower is an important role in water park kid playground. Its

characteristic of being able to be customized freely makes it very popular
among the entire water park equipment group. Usually you can decide the
theme, the size, the color and the water plays you want to...

Leisure Boat as a fashionable water leisure product, BBQ boat overturned

the boat in traditional significance. Its manufacturing process completely in
accordance with the standards of advanced yacht, also its material and
craft details keep improving and strive to durable in use.

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 Zero-depth entry simulates an ocean beach as the pool bottom slopes
gradually toward the deeper water. Instead of jumping or climbing into
the pool, patrons simply walk in as they would at a beach.

Lap Lanes It is essential to note that fitness lap swimming and water
walking are important to many adults and seniors. Opportunities for limited
practice and training exist in a two, three, or four lane 25-yard lap pool
adjacent to a leisure pool. Additionally, programming can be
incorporated for lessons and group activities.

Shade Features - Shade umbrellas come in many styles and colors and
provide necessary shade while lending a festive atmosphere. They cover,
connect, and join areas while providing relaxation out of the sun.

SPECIAL ELEMENTS
The Water Garden is a jungle sanctuary of tropical plants, water and special features:
• The Ceremonial Platform, with its sculptured totem, presiding over the park and introducing the jungle
adventure.
• White Tiger Falls: a shaded observation platform that overlooks shallow waterfalls and pools
interconnected by body slides.
• The Oasis Pool with swim-up bar.
• The Reef: a children’s pool and play area.
• The Jungle River Adventure Zone, with it Lazy River tube ride, weaving through the Garden and
connecting The Menagerie play structure, Bamboo Chutes and sports pool.

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 AQUATIC FACILITIES
When developing a new aquatic system, all user groups and types of aquatic facilities should be considered.
A mix of indoor and outdoor as well as competitive and recreational will complement each other and provide
for better aquatic services. Locations of these facilities are also important. Use of aquatic facilities is based
on peoples’ willingness to travel. Typically, people are more willing to drive to larger indoor facilities, while
outdoor facilities need to be more evenly distributed to create shorter drive times. Special use facilities
(competition venues, waterparks, therapeutic pools) are not as greatly impacted by travel times due to their
uniqueness.

Splash Pads

Water spray features enhance the recreation value of a park or aquatic facility by featuring splash pads
located on a concrete splash pad, either with or without standing water. Because of minimal water depth,
splash pads can, in most jurisdictions, be operated without certified lifeguards, making them a cost-effective
addition for all types of parks, recreation areas, and aquatic centers.

Community Family Aquatic Center

Community family aquatic centers offer family amenities in a cozy atmosphere, thus delivering a friendly
customer experience in a local community. They typically include a leisure pool, lap lanes, tot pool, play
feature, and shade areas.

Regional Family Aquatic Center

Regional family aquatic centers offer a larger scale of cutting-edge amenities, deliver a unique customer
experience, and draw from a larger regional radius. They typically include a leisure pool, a competitive pool,
tot pool, play features, and shade areas.

Destination Facility

Creating WOW aquatic environments entices the senses and differentiates an ordinary experience into a
memorable one. Vacationers and residents are lured by a valued product that offers a combination of
tranquil and exhilarating swimming pools and amenities. Destination aquatic centers typically include
leisure and tot pools, waterslides, play features, lazy river, and shaded areas.

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 APPROACHES TO AQUATIC PLANNING

There are three primary approaches to providing for the aquatic programming needs for
municipalities:

Neighborhood Approach

Offer numerous smaller facilities with one body of water for each neighborhood.
· Pros
– Closer proximity to residents.
– Lower capital costs for each facility (phasing).
· Cons
– Greater operating costs with multiple aquatic centers.
– Keeping multiple aquatic centers sustainable with the economy.

Community Approach

Offer multiple medium sized facilities each with multiple bodies of water located throughout the
community.
· Pros
– Greater experience for residents.
– Net operations would be reduced compared to Neighborhood Approach.
· Cons
– Higher capital cost for each facility compared to Neighborhood Approach.
– Non-resident users may over crowd the facility.

Central Approach

Offer one centralized facility with several bodies of water to serve the entire community.
· Pros
– Aquatic Master Plan would be realized sooner.
– Community hub profile.
· Cons
– Longer drive time for most residents.
– Higher admission fees over what residents might expect to pay.

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 LAWS GOVERNING AQUATIC PARK

RULES OF DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH

CHAPTER 511-3-5 SWIMMING POOLS,SPAS AND RECREATIONAL WATER PARKS

Scope.

(1) These rules prescribe minimum design, construction and operation requirements that are intended to
protect the health and safety of the public in swimming pools, spas and recreational water parks.

(2) These rules are intended to cover certain aspects of the design, equipment, peration, installation, new
construction and rehabilitation of swimming pools, spas and recreational water parks. Where adequate
standards do not exist and these rules do not provide sufficient guidance for consideration of innovations
in design, construction and operation of proposed pools, spas or recreational water parks, the Department
will establish requirements necessary to protect the health and safety of the pool patrons.

(3) These rules shall not apply to private swimming pools and hot tub/spas, apartment complex pools,
country club pools, subdivision pools which are open only to residents of the subdivision and their guests,
therapeutic pools, therapeutic chambers drained, cleaned and refilled after each individual use nor to
religious ritual baths used solely for religious purposes.

(4) All pools, existing and newly constructed, shall meet these rules except as allowed for below.

(5) Public swimming pools constructed or remodeled prior to December 31, 2000, that do not meet specific
design and construction requirements of this Chapter, shall not be required to comply with design and
construction requirements other than requirements related to the abatement of suction hazards.

(6) No single drain, single-suction outlet public swimming pool shall be allowed to operate unless a
protective cover is properly installed.

Provisions.
(1) Permit.

(a) It shall be unlawful for any person to operate a public pool, spa or recreational water park, without having
first obtained a valid operating permit from the health authority pursuant to this Chapter.

(b) Permits are invalidated by change of ownership.

(c) Each individually treated pool will operate under a separate permit.

(d) Prior to the issuance of a permit to new or existing public pools, spas or recreational water park
attractions, the applicant shall provide evidence of satisfactory compliance with the provisions of these rules
and all other provisions of laws which apply to the location, construction and maintenance of the pool, spa
or recreational water park and the safety of persons therein.

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(e) The permit shall be prominently displayed at all times, as close to the main entrance as practicable, as
determined by the health authority.

(f) The permit shall be the property of the health authority and shall be returned within seven days to the
local health authority when the pool, spa or recreational water park ceases to operate, has a change of
ownership or where the permit is revoked.

(g) An operating permit shall not be valid for more than twelve (12) months.

(2.) Application for Initial Operating Permit

(a) The management of a public pool, spa or recreational water park shall submit to the health authority an
application to operate a swimming pool, spa or recreational water park attraction at least fourteen (14) days
prior to the start of construction.

(b) The application shall be prepared in duplicate on forms provided by the Department. The original shall
be forwarded to the health authority and a copy retained by the management.

(3) Plans.

(a) Submission of Plans. Properly prepared plans and specifications must be submitted to the local health
authority for review, approval and issuance of a construction permit when a public swimming pool, spa or
recreational water park attraction is constructed or extensively remodeled or renovated or when an existing
structure is converted to use as a public pool, spa or recreational water park attraction.

(b) Plans and Specifications. The plans and specifications shall be submitted to the health authority of the
county in which the pool, spa or recreational water park is constructed at least fourteen (14) days prior to
beginning construction. The plans shall indicate, at a minimum, the proposed layout, the mechanical plans,
the construction materials and the type and model of proposed equipment.

(c) A minimum of two (2) sets of drawings of the construction project shall be submitted, containing complete
details so as to clearly document to the health authority the work to be undertaken. Additional sets of
drawings may be required. Drawings shall be complete and shall comply with standard
architectural/engineering practice. The maximum bathing load shall be stated on the plans.

(d) Complete specifications of the project shall accompany the prints including manufacturer's cut sheets
and/or specifications on all equipment and hydraulics analysis.

(e) Any additional data required by the health authority for purpose of clarification, anticipated use or to
support any changes in design or scope of the project must be submitted prior to issuance of a permit to
construct.

(f) One (1) signed and approved set of the construction plans shall remain at the construction site at all
times during construction.

(g) The swimming pool, spa or recreational water park shall be built in compliance with the plans as
approved unless subsequent written approval of changes has been given by the health authority.
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(h) The swimming pool, spa or recreational water park owner or agent shall notify the health authority at
specific, predetermined stages of construction and at the time of completion of the pool to allow inspections.

(i) A construction permit is valid for twelve (12) months from the date of issue. After this time the health
authority may require resubmission of plans and specifications and issuance of a new construction permit
if the project has not begun or has not been completed.

04 Structural Design.

(1) The structural design and materials used shall be in accordance with generally accepted good structural
engineering practices.

(2) Sand or earth shall not be permitted as an interior finish in a swimming pool or spa.

(3) In climates subject to freezing temperatures, the pool or spa shell appurtenances, piping, filter system,
pump and motor and other components shall be designed and constructed to facilitate protection from
damage due to freezing.

(4) The surfaces within the pool or spa intended to provide footing for users shall be designed to provide a
slip-resistant surface that is rigid and puncture and tear resistant.

(5) The roughness or irregularity of such surfaces shall not be constructed so as to cause injury or
discomfort to the feet during normal use.

(6) The colors, patterns or finishes of the pool interior shall not obscure the existence or presence of objects
or surfaces within the pool.

(7) Swimming pools and spas as well as all appurtenances shall be constructed of materials which are:
nontoxic to man and the environment; impervious and enduring; withstanding of design stresses; and will
provide a watertight structure with a smooth and easily cleaned surface without cracks or joints, excluding
structural joints, or to which a smooth, easily cleaned surface finish is applied or attached. Materials of
manufacture for swimming pools and spas shall be capable of fulfilling the design, installation and intended
use requirements in these rules. The materials of manufacture, components and accessories used in public
spas shall comply with the following:

(a) Plumbing. All plumbing shall be sized, installed, and maintained according to applicable State
Regulations and/or local plumbing codes. Written evidence shall be provided from a licensed plumbing
contractor or the plumbing inspector, as required by the local health authority, of compliance with the
plumbing code.

(b) Electrical Systems. All electrical wiring, equipment, and installation, including the grounding of pool
components, shall conform with the national, state and local electrical codes. Written evidence shall be
provided from a licensed electrical contractor or electrical inspector, as required by the local health
authority, of compliance with all electrical codes.
14
(c) Recirculation and Treatment Systems and other Components. All recirculation and treatment system
equipment and all other components such as filters, recessed automatic surface skimmers, ionizers, ozone
generators, heaters, disinfection feeders, and chlorine generators must be tested and approved using the
current NSF Standard Number 50, Circulation System Components and Related Materials for Swimming
Pool, Spas/Hot Tubs." If standards do not exist for a specific product, the manufacturer must
work with NSF or the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) or other approved agency to develop
such standards to the approval of the local health authority. Written evidence shall be provided from the
designing engineer that all recirculation and treatment systems and all components used in the installation
meet these standards.

(d) Material Surfaces. All material surfaces that come in contact with the user shall be finished so that they
do not constitute a cutting, pinching, puncturing or abrasion hazard under casual contact and intended use.
All materials shall be maintained in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

(e) Compatibility. Combinations of different materials shall be chemically and mechanically compatible for
their intended use and environment.

(8) Roofs or canopies over pools or spas shall be constructed so that water run-off does not drain into the
spa.

05 Dimensional Design.

(1) No limits are specified for the shape of swimming pools, spas or recreational water park attractions
except that consideration shall be given to shape from the standpoint of safety and circulation of the water.

(a) There shall be no protrusions, extensions, means of entanglement or other obstructions in the swimming
area which can cause the entrapment or injury of the user.

(b) There shall be construction tolerances allowed on all dimensional designs. Overall length, width and
depth in the deep end of a swimming pool may vary plus or minus three inches (±3"). All other overall
dimensions in a swimming pool and in a spa may vary plus or minus two inches (±2"), unless otherwise
specified. The designed waterline shall have a maximum construction tolerance at the time of completion
of the work of plus or minus one-fourth inch (±1/4") for pools and spas with adjustable weir surface skimming
systems and of plus or minus one-eighth inch (±1/8") for pools and spas with nonadjustable surface
skimming systems.

(c) The size of pools shall be governed by the requirements of the activities for which theinstallation is
intended.

(2) Walls. Walls shall not be greater than eleven degrees (11o) from plumb for a minimum depth of two feet
nine inches (2'9") from the waterline in deep areas or two feet three inches (2'3") in the shallow areas.
Below these depths the wall may be radiused to join the floor.
15
(3) Floor Slopes. Floor slopes in pools shall, at a minimum, be in compliance with the following:

(a) All slopes shall be uniform.

(b) The slope of the floor from the shallow end wall towards the deep end shall not exceed one foot in twelve
feet (1':12') to the point of the first slope change.

(c) The point of the first slope change shall be defined as the point at which the floor slope exceeds one
foot in twelve feet (1':12') and shall not occur at a depth greater than five (5') feet.

(d) The slope of the floor from the point of the first slope change to the deep end shall not exceed one foot
in three feet (1':3'). Such slopes are not intended to provide any less water depth than those specified if the
pool is intended for diving.

(e) Transitional radius from wall to floor where floor slopes join the wall shall comply with the following:

1. The radius shall have its center no less than two feet nine inches (2'9") below the waterline in deep areas
or two feet six inches (2'6") in the shallow area.

2. The radius shall be tangent at the point where the radius either meets the wall or the floor.

3. The radius (R) shall be at least equal to or greater than the depth of the pool minus the vertical wall depth
measured from the waterline or tolerance allowed in Rule .05(2) minus three inches (-3") to allow draining
to the main drain. (R minimum = Pool depth - Vertical wall depth - 3")

(4) Water depths. Water depths at the shallow end of the swimming area shall be a maximum of three feet
six inches (3'6") except for racing pools which must have a minimum depth of three feet six inches (3'6").

(a) The beginners' area of a pool shall be visually set apart from, but may be adjoined to, the shallow area
and shall not adjoin the deep area.

(b) The transition point or point of slope change of the pool from the beginners' area to the shallow area
and from the shallow area to the deep area and at the points of separation of diving, slide and amusement
areas shall be visually set apart with a rope and float line, depth markers and a four inch (4") minimum
width row of floor tile, painted line or similar means of a color contrasting with the bottom. In diving pools
with a constant slope, the shallow area shall be visually set apart from the deep area with a rope and float
line, depth markers and a four inch (4") minimum width row of floor tile, painted line or similar means of a
color contrasting with the bottom. The health authority may waive the need for a rope and float line in swim-
out areas or similar construction where deemed necessary.

(5)Diving areas in pools shall conform to the minimum water depths, areas, slopes and other dimensions
shown in Rule .05
16
(6). If a wall exists, then it shall conform with the 5:1 slope in the Point D dimension and the L1-2-3-4
dimensions.

(a) When diving equipment is installed, it shall conform to the specifications set forth in Rule .06(7) and
shall be located in the diving area of the pool so as to provide the minimum dimensions as shown in Rule
.05(6).

(b) The tip of the diving equipment shall be located at Point A shown in the diagram in Rule .05(6)(a), which
is the reference point of all other dimensions.

(c) There shall be a completely unobstructed clear vertical distance of thirteen feet (13') above any diving
board measured from the center of the front end of the board. This area shall extend horizontally at least
eight feet (8') behind, eight feet (8') to each side and sixteen feet (16') ahead of Point A shown in the
diagram in Rule .05(6)(a).

(d) Public pools with diving facilities in excess of three (3) meters in height or pools designed for platform
diving shall comply with the dimensional design requirements of the Federation Internationale de Natation
Amateur (FINA), U.S. Diving, National Federation of State High School Associations (NFSHSA), or similar
authority.

(6) Minimum Dimensions for Diving Portion of Pools.

(a) Diagram showing points where dimensions are measured. Note that the shallow portion of the pool is
not shown.

(b) Minimum dimensions for points given in diagram (a).

1. L2, L3, and L4 combined, represent the minimum distance from the tip of the board to pool wall opposite
diving equipment.

2. Placement of boards shall observe the following minimum dimensions. With multiple board installations
minimum pool widths must be increased accordingly.(7) Offset Ledges. When provided, offset ledges shall
fall within eleven degrees (11o) from plumb starting at the junction of the pool wall and waterline and shall
have a slip-resistant surface. The outer two inch (2") edge shall be painted a contrasting color. The
maximum width shall be eight inches (8").
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(8) Underwater Seat Benches. Underwater seat benches in pools, when provided, shall have a maximum
horizontal seat bench depth of twenty inches (20") below the waterline, be visually set apart by having the
outer two inches (2") of each seat painted in a contrasting color, have a slip-resistant surface, and shall be
located fully outside of the required minimum diving water envelope if the pool is intended for use with
diving equipment. Underwater seat benches shall be permitted in the deep end of the pool only if they are
either completely recessed, shaped to be compatible with the shape of the pool wall, or in a corner of the
pool.

(9) Maximum User Load and Pool Size. Maximum user load at all public pools except spas, shall follow
the standards given in table (a) below. Tables (b)1. and (b)2. are to be used only to establish the minimum
pool size allowable:

(a) The user load shall be the maximum number of people allowed in the swimming pool at one time. Use
of the table in calculating the bathing load shall be cumulative.

(c) The maximum user load in a spa at one time shall not exceed one (1) person per nine (9) square feet
of surface area.

(10) Wading Pool Water Depth. Wading pools shall be separate and physically set apart from beginning or
shallow water areas of swimming pools by at least six feet (6') of deck. Where a wading pool is adjacent to
any deep water area, a minimum four foot (4') high barrier shall be installed separating the two pools.

(a) Wading pools shall have a maximum water depth of eighteen twenty-four inches (24"). The water depth
at the perimeter shall not exceed eighteen inches (18"). Water depths may be reduced from the above
maximums and brought to zero at the most shallow point.

(b) Walls in wading pools shall be vertical or within 110 of vertical except for the lower six inches (6") which
shall be radiused to the floor. Walls shall not extend more than six inches (6") above the waterline at any
point.
18
(c) Floors of wading pools shall be uniform, sloped to drain with a maximum slope of one foot in twelve feet
(1':12') vertical to horizontal.

(11) Spa Water Depth. The maximum water depth in a spa shall be four feet (4') measured from the
waterline. Exceptions may be made for spas designed for a special purpose.

(a) Multi-level seating in a spa may be provided, but the maximum water depth of any seat or sitting bench
shall be twenty-eight inches (28") measured from the waterline. (b) The spa shall be provided with a suitable
handhold around its perimeter in areas where water depths exceed three feet six inches (3'6"). Handholds
shall be provided no further apart than four feet (4') and may consist of any one or a combination of the
following options:

1. Coping, ledges, radiused flanges or decks along the immediate top edge of the spa shall provide a
suitable slip-resistant handhold located not more than twelve inches (12") above the waterline; or

2. Ladders, steps or seat ledges; or

3. A secured rope or railing at or not more than twelve inches (12") above the waterline.

(c) The slope of the floor in a spa shall not exceed one foot in twelve feet (1':12') vertical to horizontal.

Circulation Systems.

(1) A circulation system consisting of pumps, piping, return inlets and suction outlets, filters and other
necessary equipment shall be provided for complete circulation of water through all parts of the pool.

(a) The equipment for a swimming pool shall be of adequate size to turn over the entire pool water capacity
at least once every six (6) hours unless otherwise specified in (c) below. The equipment for a spa shall be
of adequate size to turn over the entire spa water capacity at a minimum of once every thirty (30) minutes.
This system shall be designed to give the proper turnover rate based on the manufacturer's recommended
maximum pressure flow of the filter in dirty media condition of the filter, immediately prior
to cleaning the filter.

(b) In pools other than those listed in (c) below, a six (6) hour turnover rate will be met if possible as
determined by the health authority.

Disinfectant Equipment and Chemical Feeders.

(1) Disinfectant equipment and chemical feeders, hereafter referred to jointly as "equipment," shall comply
with the requirements of NSF International Standard 50. The disinfection equipment shall be capable of
precisely introducing a sufficient quantity of an approved disinfecting agent to maintain the appropriate
recommended guidelines as outlined in Rule .17 of this Chapter.

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(a) Every pool and spa shall be required to have at least one (1) unit of disinfectant agent equipment in
compliance with Rule .16(1)(b). Additional units may be required to maintain chemical and physical
parameters of the pool water.

(b) The pool or spa water shall be continuously disinfected by a disinfecting agent that imparts an easily
measured residual. The disinfecting agent used shall be subject to field testing procedures that are simple
and accurate. Gaseous chlorine, chlorine compounds, bromine compounds or other bactericidal agents
shall be acceptable when meeting the disinfectant level parameters outlined in Rule .17 of this Chapter.

Chemical Operational Parameters.

The chemical operational parameters in swimming pool or spa water shall not exceed the maximum level
or be lower than the minimum level given in the following parameters. Where no minimum or maximum is
given, additional information is within this Chapter to assist the pool operator.

Specific Safety Features.

(1) Handholds. A public pool shall be provided with a suitable handhold around its perimeter in areas where
depths exceed three feet six inches (3'6"). Handholds shall be provided no further apart than four feet (4')
and shall consist of any one (1) or a combination of the items listed below:

(a) Coping, ledge or deck along the immediate top edge of the pool which provides a slip-resisting surface
of at least four inches (4") minimum horizontal width and located at or not more than twelve inches (12")
above the waterline; or

(b) Ladders, stairs or seat ledges; or

(c) A railing placed at or not more than twelve inches (12") above the waterline.

(2) Rope and Float Line. A rope and float line shall be provided within one foot (1') of and on the shallow
side of the break in grade between the shallow and deep portions of the swimming pool, with its position
marked with visible floats at not greater than seven foot (7') intervals.

(a) The rope and float line shall be securely fastened to wall anchors of corrosion-resisting materials and
of the type which shall be recessed or have no projection that will constitute a hazard when the line is
removed.

(b) The line shall be of sufficient size and strength to offer a good handhold and support loads normally
imposed by users.

(3) Depth Markers for Swimming Pools. Depth of water in feet shall be plainly and conspicuously marked
at or above the waterline on the vertical pool wall and on the top of the coping or edge of the deck or walk
next to the pool. The word or abbreviation for “feet” must be specified.
20
(a) Depth markers on the vertical pool wall shall be positioned to be read from the water side.

(b) Depth markers on the deck shall be within eighteen inches (18") of the water edge and positioned to be
read while standing on the deck facing the water.

(c) Depth markers shall be slip-resistant.

(d) Depth markers shall be installed at the maximum and minimum water depths and at all points of slope
change.

(e) Depth markers shall be installed at intermediate increments of water depth not to exceed two feet (2'),
nor spaced at distances greater than twenty-five foot (25') intervals.

(f) Depth markers shall be arranged uniformly on both sides and both ends of the pool.

(g) Depth markers on irregularly shaped pools shall designate depths at all major deviations in shape as
well as conform to the foregoing articles.

(h) Depth markers shall have a four inch (4") minimum height. Numbers shall be of contrasting color to the
background on which they are applied, and the color shall be of a permanent nature.

(4) Depth Markers for Spas. Public spas shall have permanent depth markers with numbers a minimum of
four inches (4") high plainly and conspicuously visible from all obvious points of entry and in conformance
with (a) thru (f) below and be in accordance with ANSI/UL 969 "Marking and Labeling Apparatus".

(a) There shall be a minimum of two depth markers per spa, regardless of spa size or shape.

(b) Depth markers shall be spaced at no more than twenty-five feet (25') intervals and shall be uniformly
located around the perimeter of the spa.

(c) Spas shall have the maximum water depth clearly marked on the deck wall.

(d) Depth markers shall be positioned on the deck within eighteen inches (18") of the water line.

(e) Depth markers shall be positioned to be read while standing on the deck facing the water.

21
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9168

AN ACT TO PROVIDE PROTECTION TO NEW PLANT VARIETIES, ESTABLISHING A NATIONAL

PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION BOARD AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:

Section 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known and cited as the "Philippine Plant Variety Protection Act
of 2002"

Section 2. Statement of Policies. –

a) The State recognizes that an effective intellectual property system in general and the
development of new plant variety in particular is vital in attaining food security for the country. To
this end, it shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of breeders with respect to their new plant
variety particularly when beneficial to the people for such periods as provided for in this Act.

b) The use of intellectual property bears a socioeconomic function. To this end, the State shall
promote the diffusion of technology and information for the promotion of national development and
progress for the common good.

c) The State recognizes the indispensable role of the private sector, encourages the participation
of private enterprises and provides incentives to needed investments in the development of new
plant varieties.

d) The State recognizes that science and technology are essential for national development and
promotes the adaptation of technology and knowledge from all sources for the national benefit. The
State also recognizes the need to protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists and other
gifted citizens to their intellectual property and creations.

e) The State, while recognizing intellectual property rights in the field of agriculture, does so in a
manner supportive of and not inconsistent with its obligation to maintain a healthful ecology in
accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.

22
 REPUBLIC ACT 9003

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR AN ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, CREATING

THE NECESSARY INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS AND INCENTIVES, DECLARING CERTAIN ACTS
PROHIBITED AND PROVIDING PENALTIES, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES

Article 1
General Provisions

Section 1. Short Title - This Act shall be known as the "Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of
2000."

Section 2. Declaration of Policies - It is hereby declared the policy of the State to adopt a systematic,
comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program which shall:

(a) Ensure the protection of the public health and environment;

(b) Utilize environmentally-sound methods that maximize the utilization of valuable resources and
encourage resource conservation and recovery;

(c) Set guidelines and targets for solid waste avoidance and volume reduction through source
reduction and waste minimization measures, including composting, recycling, re-use, recovery,
green charcoal process, and others, before collection, treatment and disposal in appropriate and
environmentally sound solid waste management facilities in accordance with ecologically
sustainable development principles;

(d) Ensure the proper segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment and disposal of solid
waste through the formulation and adoption of the best environmental practice in ecological waste
management excluding incineration;

(e) Promote national research and development programs for improved solid waste management
and resource conservation techniques, more effective institutional arrangement and indigenous
and improved methods of waste reduction, collection, separation and recovery;

(f) Encourage greater private sector participation in solid waste management;

(g) Retain primary enforcement and responsibility of solid waste management with local
government units while establishing a cooperative effort among the national government, other
local government units, non- government organizations, and the private sector;

(h) Encourage cooperation and self-regulation among waste generators through the application of
market-based instruments;

(i) Institutionalize public participation in the development and implementation of national and local
integrated, comprehensive, and ecological waste management programs; and

(j) Strength the integration of ecological solid waste management and resource conservation and
recovery topics into the academic curricula of formal and non-formal education in order to
promote environmental awareness and action among the citizenry.

23
 REPUBLIC ACT No. 3931

AN ACT CREATING THE NATIONAL WATER AND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL

COMMISSION.

Section 1. Statement of Policy. It is hereby declared a national policy to maintain reasonable standards
of purity for the waters and air of this country with their utilization for domestic, agricultural, industrial and
other legitimate purposes.

Section 2. Definitions. As used in this Act:

(a) "Pollution" means such alteration of the physical, chemical and/or biological properties of any
water and/or atmospheric air of the Philippines, or any such discharge of any liquid, gaseous or
solid substance into any of the waters and/or atmospheric air of the country as will or is likely to
create or render such waters and/or atmospheric air harmful or detrimental or injurious to public
health, safety or welfare, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational or other
legitimate uses, or to livestock, wild animals, birds, fish or other aquatic life.

(b) "Sewage" means the water-carried human or animal wastes from residences, buildings,
industrial establishments, or other places, together with such water infiltration and surface water
as may be present. The admixture of sewage as above defined and industrial wastes or other
wastes as hereafter defined, shall be considered "sewage".

(c) "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous or solid matter, or other waste substance or a
combination thereof resulting from any process of industry, manufacturing trade or business or
from the development, processing or recovery of any natural resources.

(d) "Other waste" means garbage, refuse, wood residues, sand, lime, cinders, ashes, offal, night-
oil, tar, dye stuffs, acids, chemicals, and other substances not sewage or industrial waste which
may cause or tend to cause pollution, or contribute to the pollution of the waters and/or
atmospheric air of the Philippines.

(e) "Sewage system or sewerage system" means pipe lines or conduits, pumping stations, force
mains, constructed drainage ditches, and all other construction, devices, and appurtenances
used for collecting or conducting sewage, and industrial waste or other wastes to a point of
ultimate disposal or discharge.

(f) "Treatment works" means any methods, construction, device or appliances appurtenant
thereto, installed for the purpose of treating neutralizing, stabilizing, disinfecting, or disposing of
sewage, industrial waste or other wastes, or for the recovery of by-product from such sewage,
industrial waste or other wastes.

(g) "Sewage works" means individually or collectively those constructions or devices used for
collecting pumping, treating, and disposing of sewage, industrial waste or other wastes, or for the
recovery of by-products from such sewage, industrial waste or other wastes.

(h) "Outlet" means the terminus of a sewage works or point of emergence into the waters and/or
atmospheric air of the Philippines of any sewage, industrial waste or other wastes.

24
 (i) "Waters of the Philippines" means all accumulations of water, surface and underground water,
natural or artificial, public or private or parts thereof, which are within the Philippines or within its
jurisdiction.

(j) "Atmospheric air of the Philippines" means the air within the Philippines or within its
jurisdiction.

(k) "Person" or "Persons" means any individual public or private corporation, political subdivision,
government agency, municipality, public or private institution, industry, co-partnership,
association, firms, trust, or any other entity whatsoever.

(l) "Stream standard" or stream standards" means such measure of purity or quality for any
waters in the Philippines in relation to their reasonable and necessary use.

(m) "Commission" means the National Water and Air Pollution Control Commission.

Section 3. Creation of the National Water and Air Pollution Control Commission; members;
compensation; advisory council. There is hereby created and established in the Office of the President of
the Philippines, the National Water and Air Pollution Control Commission, with permanent office in the
City of Manila. The Commission shall be composed of the Chairman of the National Science
Development Board, as chairman, and, as members, four part-time commissioners, one of whom shall be
an officer of the Department of Health who shall be designated by the Secretary of Health; another shall
be an officer of the Department of Agriculture and National Resources, who shall be designated by the
Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources; and the remaining two shall be representatives of the
private sector who shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines with the consent of the
Commission on Appointments, one upon recommendation of the Philippine Council of Science and
Technology, and the other upon the recommendation of the Chamber of Industries of the Philippines; and
two full-time commissioners who shall likewise be appointed by the President of the Philippines, with the
consent of the Commission on Appointments. One of the full-time commissioners shall be a sanitary
engineer; and the other a lawyer. Both shall beat least thirty five-years of age and shall each have had at
least ten years experience in the practice of his profession.

The two part-time commissioners representing the private sector and the two full-time commissioners
shall serve for four years and until their successors shall have been appointed and qualified. They may
not be removed except for cause. Upon the death, resignation or removal of any of them, the President
shall appoint a qualified person to fill the vacancy for his unexpired term.

The chairman and members of the Commission, except the full-time commissioners, shall receive no
compensation for their services, but they shall receive per diems of fifty pesos each per meeting plus the
necessary traveling expenses incurred in the discharged of their duties as members of the Commission.
The two full-time members shall each receive a yearly compensation of eighteen thousand pesos. They
shall also receive traveling expenses incurred in the discharge of their duties as commissioners.

Section 4. Organization of the Commission; its offices; cooperation with other agencies; acceptance of
donations. The President of the Philippines shall organize the Commission within thirty days after the
approval of this Act.The Technical Secretary of the Commission shall be appointed by the Commission.
He shall be a sanitary engineer with at least five years experience in the technical and administrative
fields of engineering. He shall be the active administrator of all water and air pollution control activities of
the Commission. The Technical Secretary shall, during the interim between meetings of the Commission,
handle such correspondence, make or arrange for such inspections and investigations, and obtain,
assemble or prepare such reports and data as the Commission may direct or authorize.

25
The Commission shall provide such technical scientific or other services, including the necessary
laboratory and other facilities as may be required for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Act.
The basic personnel necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act shall be engineers, chemists, bio-
chemists, physicists, and other technicians: Provided, That the Commission may, by agreement, secure
such services as it may deem necessary from other agencies of the National Government, and may make
arrangements for the compensation of such services. The Commission may also employ and
compensate, within appropriations available therefor, such consultants, experts, advisors, or assistants
on a full or part-time basis as may be necessary, coming from government or private business entities,
associations, or from local or foreign organizations, to carry out the provision of this Act and may
prescribe their powers, duties, and responsibilities.

The Commission may conduct scientific experiments, investigations and research to discover economical
and practical methods of preventing water and air pollutions. To this end, the Commission may corporate
with any public or private agency in the conduct of such experiments, investigations and research and
may accept, and receipt for such money for and in behalf of the National Government, given by any
international, national or other public or private agency for water and air pollution control activities,
surveys or programmes: Provided, That sums of money shall be used only for the purpose for which they
are contributed and any balance remaining after the conclusion of experiments, investigations and
research shall be returned to the contributors. The Commission is authorized to promulgate such rules
and regulations or enter into contracts as it may deem necessary for carrying out the provisions of this
Act.

Section 5. Meeting of the Commission, quorum. The Commission shall meet as often as necessary to
carry into effect the provisions of this Act and at times and places to be designated by the Chairman of
the Commission, and shall keep a complete record of the meetings which shall be kept on file in the office
of the Technical Secretary, and shall determine the rules of its own proceedings. Meetings may be called
by the chairman upon his own initiative or upon the written request of two or more members of the
Commission. Written notice of the time and place of such meetings shall be delivered to the office of each
member of the Commission and the Technical Secretary. Four members of the Commission shall
constitute a quorum to transact the business of the Commission: Provided, however, That the
concurrence of the majority of all the members of the Commission shall be necessary to exercise the
powers and duties enumerated in Section six of this Act and to render any order, judgment or decision in
the proceedings referred to in section seven and eight hereof.

Section 6. Powers and duties. (a) The commission is hereby authorized to:

1. Determine if pollution exists in any of the waters and/or atmospheric air of the Philippines.
Findings of the Commission regarding the existence of pollution shall be filed on record in the
office of the Commission.

2. Adopt, prescribe, and promulgate rules and regulations governing the procedures of the
Commission with respect to hearings; the methods and manner under which plans, specifications,
designs, or other data relative thereto shall be submitted for sewage works and industrial wastes
disposal systems or for addition or change to or extensions of such work; the filing of reports; the
issuance of permits; and such other reasonable rules and regulations as may be necessary from
time to time in the proper implementation and enforcement of this Act.

3. Hold public hearings, receive pertinent and relevant proofs from any party in interest who
appear before the Commission, make findings of facts and determinations, all with respect to the
violations of this Act or orders issued by the Commission.

26
4. Make, alter or modify orders requiring the discontinuance of pollution of the waters and/or
atmospheric air of the Philippines due to the discharge of sewage, industrial wastes or other
wastes and specifying the conditions and the time within which such discontinuance must be
accomplished.

5. Institute or cause to be instituted in a court of competent jurisdiction legal proceedings to

compel compliance with the provisions of this Act.

6. Issue, renew, or deny permits, under such conditions as it may determine to be reasonable, for
the prevention and abatement of pollution, for the discharge of sewage, industrial wastes or other
wastes, or for the installation or operation of sewage works and industrial disposal systems, or
parts thereof, except that no permits shall be required of any new sewage, works or changes to or
extensions of existing works that discharge only domestic or sanitary wastes from a single
residential building housing or occupied by twenty pesos or less: Provided, however, That
applications for the issuance or renewal of permits required under this Act shall be filed with and
decided by the city engineer or district engineer of the city or province from which the discharge
of industrial or other wastes shall originate, in accordance with rules, regulations and standards to
be issued by the Commission. In case of doubt, the city or district engineer shall consult with the
Commission before issuing, renewing, or denying the permit applied for; and any decision of the
city or district engineer may be appealed by the applicant or by any resident of the place who may
be affected by the discharge of waste to the Commission, under such rules and regulations as the
Commission shall issue for such appeals.

7. After due notice and hearing, revoke suspend or modify any permit issued under this Act,
whenever modifications are necessary to prevent or abate pollution of any water and/or
atmospheric air of the Philippines.

8. Cause such investigation to be made as it may deem advisable and necessary for the
discharge of its duties under this Act.

9. Settle or compromise any dispute arising out of the implementation and enforcement of the
second paragraph of Section ten of this Act as it may seem advantageous to the public interest.

10. Perform such other duties as may be necessary to carry out effectively the duties and
responsibilities prescribed in this Act.

(b) The Commission shall have the following duties and responsibilities:

1. To encourage voluntary cooperation by the people, municipalities, industries, associations,

agriculture and representatives of other pursuits in the proper utilization and conservation of the
waters and/or atmospheric air of the Philippines.

2. To encourage the formation and organization of cooperative groups or associations in

municipalities, industries, enterprises and other users of the waters who severally and jointly are
or may be the source of pollution of the same waters, the purpose of which shall be to provide a
medium to discuss and formulate plans for the prevention and abatement of pollution.

3. To serve as arbitrator for the determination of reparations involved in the damages and losses
resulting from the pollution of the waters and/or air in the Philippines.

27
 4. To devise, consult, participate, cooperate and enter into agreements with other agencies of the
government, and with affected political groups, political subdivisions, and enterprises in the
furtherance of the purpose of this Act. This particularly refers to such cooperative agreements

with the various provincial and municipal governments in securing their assistance in carrying out
the provisions of this Act.

5. To prepare and develop a comprehensive plan for the abatement of existing pollution and
prevention of new and/or imminent pollution of the waters and/or atmospheric air of the
Philippines.

6. To issue standards, rules and regulations to govern city and district engineers in the approval
of plans and specifications for sewage works and industrial wastes disposal systems and in the
issuance of permits in accordance with the provisions of this Act, and to inspect the construction
and maintenance of sewage works and industrial wastes disposal system for compliance of the
approved plans.

7. To collect and disseminate information relating to water and atmosphere pollution and the
prevention, abatement and control thereof.

8. To authorize its representatives to enter at all reasonable times in or upon any property of the
public dominion and private property devoted to industrial, manufacturing, processing or
commercial use without doing damages, for the purpose of inspecting and investigating
conditions relating to pollution or the possible or imminent pollution of any waters or atmospheric
air of the Philippines.

Section 7. Public Hearings. Public hearings shall be conducted by the Commission in connection with
and prior to action by the said Commission on the following cases:

(a) Any order or findings of the Commission requiring the discontinuance of discharge of sewage,
industrial wastes or other wastes into the waters or atmospheric air of the Philippines as provided
for in this Act.

(b) Any order denying, revoking or modifying a permit as provided by this Act.

The hearing herein provided may be conducted by the Commission itself at a meeting of the Commission,
or the Commission may delegate to any member, or to the Technical Secretary the power and authority to
conduct such hearings in the name of the Commission at any time and place. In such hearings, any
member of the Commission, or the Technical Secretary may issue in the name of the Commission,
notices of hearings requesting the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of evidence
relevant to any matter involved in any such hearing, and may examine such witnesses. All stenographic
transcript of the proceedings of said hearings shall be taken and filed with the Commission.

Section 8. Proceedings before the Commission. The Commission may, on its own motion, or upon the
request of any person, investigate or may inquire, in a manner to be determined by it, as to any alleged
act of pollution or the omission or failure to comply with any provisions of this Act or any order of this
Commission.Whenever it appears to the Commission, after investigation, that there has been a violation
of any of the provisions of this Act or any order of the Commission, it may order whoever causes such
violation to show cause before said Commission why such discharge of industrial wastes or any waste
should not be discounted.

28
A notice shall be served on the offending party directing him or it to show cause before the Commission,
on a date specified in such notice, why an order should not be made directing the discontinuance of such
violation. Such notice shall specify the time and the place where a public hearing will be held by the
Commission or its authorized representatives, and notice of such hearing shall be served personally or by
registered mail, at least ten days before said hearing; and in the case of a municipality or corporation
such notice shall be served upon the mayor or president thereof. The Commission shall take evidence
with reference to said matter and may issue an order to the party responsible for such violation, directing
that within a specified period of time thereafter, such violation be discontinued unless adequate sewage
works or industrial wastes disposal system be properly operated to prevent further damage or pollution.

No investigation being conducted or ruling made by the Commission shall prejudice any action which may
be filed in court by any person in accordance with the provisions of the New Civil Code on nuisance. On
matters, however, not related to nuisance, no court action shall be initiated until the Commission shall
have finally ruled thereon and no order of the Commission discontinuing the discharge of waste shall be
stayed by the filing of said court action, unless the court issues an injunction as provided for in this Rules
of Court.

Section 9. Prohibitions. No person shall throw, run, drain, or otherwise dispose into any of the water
and/or atmospheric air of the Philippines, or cause, permit, suffer to be thrown, run, drain, allow to see or
otherwise dispose into such waters or atmospheric air, any organic or inorganic matter or any substance
in gaseous or liquid form that shall cause pollution of such waters or atmospheric air.

No person shall perform any of the following activities without first securing a permit from the city or
district engineer for the discharge of all industrial wastes and other wastes which are or may be
discharged into the waters or atmospheric air of the Philippines, which could cause pollution thereof:

(1) the construction, installation, modification or operation of any sewage works or any extension
or addition thereto;

(2) the increase in volume or strength of any wastes in excess of the permissive discharge
specified under any existing permit;

(3) the construction, installation, or operation of any industrial or commercial establishments or

any extension or modification thereof or addition thereto, the operation of which would cause an
increase in the discharge of wastes directly into the waters or atmospheric air of the Philippines or
would otherwise alter the physical, chemical or biological properties of any waters or atmospheric
air of the Philippines in any manner not already lawfully authorized;

(4) the construction or use of any new outlet for the discharge of any waste, gaseous or liquid,
directly into the waters or atmospheric air of the Philippines.

Section 10. Penalties. Any person who shall violate any of the provisions of Section nine of this Act or
who violates any order of the Commission, shall be liable to a penalty of not to exceed fifty pesos for each
day during which the violation continues, or by imprisonment of from two years to six years, or by both
fine and imprisonment and in addition such person may be required or enjoined from continuing such
violation as hereinafter provided.

Any person who violates any of the provisions of, or fails to perform any duty imposed by this Act, or who
violates and order or other determination of the Commission promulgated pursuant to this Act, thereby
causing the death of fish or other aquatic life, or damages or destroys the natural habitat necessary for
the propagation of fish or other aquatic life, shall in addition to the penalty above prescribed, be liable to
pay the government for damages for fish or other aquatic life destroyed.

29
The Commission after consultation with fishery officials of the Department of Agriculture and Natural
Resources shall, through a court of competent jurisdiction, bring an action against such person and
recover the reasonable value of the fish or other aquatic life and/or habitat destroyed by such pollution.
Any amount so recovered shall be placed in the funds made available to the Fisheries Commission.

Section 11. Jurisdiction. The Commission shall have no jurisdiction over waterworks or sewage systems
operated by the NAWASA but rules and regulations issued by the Commission for the protection and
prevention of pollution of the atmospheric air and water of the Philippines under the authority herein
granted shall supersede and prevail over any rules or regulations as may heretofore have been issued by
the NAWASA or by the Department of Health on the same subject matter.

Section 12. Appropriation. The sum of one million five hundred thousand pesos or so much thereof as
may be necessary is hereby authorized to be appropriated yearly for the operating expenses of the
Commission as additional appropriation to the yearly budget of the Office of the President of the
Philippines.

Section 13. Repealing clause. Any Act or parts of Acts inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are
hereby repealed, without prejudice to the provisions of Republic Act Numbered Thirteen hundred seventy-
eight.

Section 14. Effectivity. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.

RA 8041-WATER CRISIS ACT OF 1995

Violation of RA 8041 otherwise, known as the Water Crisis Act 1995 as provided in Rule 5, Section 3 and
5.2 or any fraudulent practice in relation to the water and water system.

1. Unauthorized/Unregistered Water Service Connection

2. Unauthorized Water Main Extension
3. By Pass Connection (tapping directly to the line)
4. Tampering/Reservation/Illegal Dismounting of Water Meter
5. Tampering of Gate Valve/Service Cock/Meter Seal/Meter Protection
6. Double or More than One Tapping
7. Unauthorized Advanced Use of Stub-outs
8. Illegal Re-opening of Disconnected Water Service Connection
9. Unauthorized Use of Booster Pump
10. Selling Water
11. Illegal Change of Size Service Pipe
12. Illegal Change of Pipe
13. Illegal Transfer of Tapping Connection – Water Meter
14. Illegal Public Faucet
15. Unauthorized Removal of Water Meter from Disconnected Service Pad
16. Unauthorized Removal of Water Meter Seal

30
 ACT NO. 4062

ACT NO. 4062 - AN ACT TO RESERVE TO THE PHILIPPINE LEGISLATURE THE DISPOSITION OF
THE WATERS OF THE PUBLIC DOMAIN FOR THE UTILIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF
HYDRAULIC POWER

Section 1. Except by special franchise approved by the Philippine Legislature, no hydraulic power
rights or franchises shall be granted on waters of the public domain to private persons, associations
or corporations, such rights being reserved exclusively for Government which may utilize, develop,
or otherwise dispose of same for the benefit of the public: Provided, however, That hydraulic power
to be developed for private or domestic use and not for sale to the public and franchises or rights
acquired prior to the approval of this Act shall be excepted from the provisions hereof: Provided,
further, That nothing in this Act shall be understood as prohibiting or restricting the use for irrigation
purposes in accordance with law, of such streams as may not be considered, in the opinion of the
Secretary of Public Works and Communications, appropriate or necessary for the development of
hydraulic power for public use.

Sec. 2. All Acts or parts of Acts inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed.

Sec. 3. This Act shall take effect on its approval.

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 192

PROVIDING FOR THE REORGANIZATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND

NATURAL RESOURCES, RENAMING IT AS THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL
RESOURCES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

WHEREAS, Executive Order No. 131, dated January 30, 1987, was suspended;

WHEREAS, a policy having been reached on energy, the reorganization of the Department of Natural
Resources can now be effected;

WHEREAS, the environment will be affected by the use, development, management, renewal and
conservation of the country’s natural resources;

WHEREAS, there is a need to protect and enhance the quality of the country’s environment;

WHEREAS, to attain this objective, environmental concerns and natural resources concern should be given
equal attention by the Department;

WHEREAS, under Article XVIII, Section 6, of the 1987 Constitution, the President shall continue to exercise
legislative powers until the First Congress is convened;

NOW, THEREFORE, I, CORAZON C. AQUINO, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested
in me by the Constitution, do hereby order:

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Rules & Regulations
Health / Public Safety Rules

1. Klir Watepark resort is open from Monday to Sunday.

2. NO PETS ALLOWED
3. Parking area is free of charge.
4. Observe proper swimming attire. (ALLOWED: Swim wear, white t-shirt, board shorts, swimming trunks,
rashguard, Spandex, or nylon.) (NOT ALLOWED: Colored t-shirts, denim or maongs, underwear, basket
ball shorts.
5. Guest/s is required to rent a cottage if they are 2 persons above.
6. Jumping and diving in the Pools is STRICTLY PROHIBITED.
7. Firearms and deadly weapons are STRICTLY PROHIBITED.
8. Alcohol, Cigarettes and Prohibited Drugs are STRICTLY PROHIBITED.
9. Persons who are under the influence of alcohol and drugs will be refused entry to the Resort.
10. Our resort personnel have the authority to confiscate your cigarette, liquors or any alcoholic
beverages.
11. SMOKING AREA is provided near the parking area.
12. Do not leave your valuable things unattended.
13. NO guest/s can use the swimming pools when there’s NO LIFE GUARD on duty.
14. Parents and Guardians are primary responsible for the behavior and safety of their children.
15. Children ages 10 years of age and below are not allowed to use the pools, specifically the wave pool,
unless accompanied by an adult.
16. Wearing of jewelries (e.g. necklace, earrings, anklets, bracelets) and any other metal objects are NOT
ALLOWED in the wave pool.
17. A cleansing shower must be taken before entering the pool.
18. Infants must wear swimsuits if in the pool. APPROVED SWIM DIAPERS ARE REQUIRED IF THEY
ARE TAKEN IN THE WATER
19. No band aides or people with open wounds, stitches or skin diseases are allowed in the pool.
20. In case of minor or major injuries, immediately report it to our resort personnel. Resort clinic is located
near at KLIR pavilion.
21. NO LITTERING. Dispose your garbage properly.
22. Any damages to the property of the resort due to improper use or negligence will be charge to the
person/s concerned.
23. The lifeguard on duty has the authority to suspend pool privileges if rules are violated.
24. Any person who violates resort regulations is subject to disciplinary action by our personnel/staff.

Food and Beverage

1. Bringing of FOODS is allowed inside the resort.

2. No eating and drinking inside or near the pool area.
3. NO cooking of foods inside the resort or cottages. Raw foods or meats can be cook at GRILL AREA
located near at KLIR canteen.
4. Glass containers are not allowed inside the resort. All bags, coolers and containers will be inspected at
the entrance.
5. Bringing of sound system, speakers or any music instruments are limited.
6. The management has the right to impose its rules and regulations within the premises.

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 DEFINING AQUATIC USER GROUPS
When comparing pools to other pools across the country, it is important to look at aquatic users. Today,
most communities build multi-generational facilities to accommodate lifecycle programming for tots learning
to swim, swim teams, adults seeking low-impact water exercise, seniors and injured athletes looking for
water therapy, and families just wanting to have fun. A more detailed description of each user group is as
follows:

LESSONS

A well-run swim lesson program trains children in safe swimming techniques. A public health policy typically
stresses strategies that educate the public about hazards of open bodies of water. They promote swimming
and water safety classes, and encourage CPR training for children and teenagers. Swim lessons are vital
to the health and safety of the community.

COMPETITIVE

Competitive athletes (USA Swimming, USA Diving, US Masters, summer swim and dive teams, high school
swim and dive teams, water polo teams, etc.) are very loyal and appreciative groups, and, if their needs
are met, can be counted upon to provide a portion of the operating income.

FITNESS

Water aerobics offer benefits for adults seeking a low or no-impact form of exercise. Classes include water
pump workouts with foam water weights or water-proof plastic weights, water walking, aqua aerobics, and
various aquatic exercises.

WELLNESS

Aquatic therapy requires a very controlled environment. In order to maximize revenue potential and health
benefits to the community, programming needs to concentrate on therapy associated with a medical
provider. This approach is a separate business and is not commonly incorporated with a community
aquatics program.

RECREATION

Recreation swimmers have evolved most over the years, providing necessary repeat visits to help pay
operating costs. They are willing to pay more per visit if their expectations are met. The ultimate test
of design is the choreography of people, their perception of the facility, and repeat visits.

33
 DEMOGRAPHICS AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

POPULATION

The following chart presents a summary of market area population with four- and six-mile areas of the city.
The population base for the City of Dallas is projected to increase from 1,295,600 in 2010 to 1,403,600 by
2015. Moreover, all areas within the city are projected to increase.

INCOME

In the following chart, the U.S. national average is set at 1.00. Index refers to the percentage higher or
lower than the national average. Per capita income for the City of Dallas is 9% lower than the national
average, and median household income is 23% lower. While these are both lower than national
averages, a lower cost of living gives residents some discretionary money to spend on recreation.

AGE DISTRIBUTION

The following table shows the number of residents and the percentage of total population for each age
group compared to the U.S. national average. The 0-14 age group is 25.6% of the City of Dallas
population compared to the national average of 20.1%. The median age for the city isyounger than the
national average (32.1 compared to 36.9, respectively).

WEATHER

Given the sensitivity of outdoor aquatics to weather conditions, it is appropriate to include an assessment
of local weather patterns in the market analysis. The factors in the following chart were used to determine
user days in the financial models. The weather is seasonal with highs in the 90s in the summer, which
should enhance participation in outdoor aquatic events and activities.

MASTER PLANNING

To accommodate typically large water park crowds and to guarantee their comfort and safety, careful
master planning is crucial. The Master Plan describes the park’s organi-zation and circulation, along with
the relation-ship of its individual parts, allowing some flexibility over time. The Master Plan serves as a
foundation and a source of reference for design and construction, a measuring- stick for the completed
project and, finally, a guide for the park’s evolution and growth.

FEASIBILITY REVIEW AND CAPACITY ANALYSIS

With 30 years of water park planning and design experience, our principals are well versed in the business
aspects of the indus- try. We are able to converse with and work hand-in-hand with feasibility consultants
to review statistics and market analyses, and to distil the park capacity numbers into the benchmarks for
the park’s overall physical program and sizing.

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PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

The Program provides the link between the water park’s requirements and the Master Plan. It describes, in
simple numbers, the unique guest elements and facilities that will provide an efficient and profitable park
operation. Careful consideration is given to the expectations of the target audience and to the attendance
fluctuations for indoor and outdoor park components. The goal is to create a park that is well balanced,
correctly sized, appropriately budgeted and aimed at the right market.

STORYLINE AND THEMATIC DEVELOPMENT

Individually themed attractions are common sights in water parks, but only recently have the parks begun
to explore overall storylines and themes. The introduction of connecting storylines, right from the initial
design stage, allows the park to establish a unique charac- ter and identity that make the project stand
out. A water park with a strong and unique identity is one that guests will remember.

INTERIOR DESIGN

Interior design brings the theme indoors and ensures the efficiency of the water park’s food and beverage
service, retail spaces, and service areas. FORREC’s in-house interior design team provides a spectrum of
services, from space planning through to construction. Indoor water parks benefit from the collabo-
ration between FORREC interior designers and our other disciplines – all attuned to the Big Picture ideas
of the water park, but never losing sight of its technical requirements and budgetary considerations.

RIDE/ATTRACTION SELECTION AND THEMING

Since FORREC is independent from water park suppliers and manufacturers, we are not restricted to any
single source of rides and attractions. We draw on the widest selection available locally and world-wide –
or design and theme unique one-off attractions – to produce water parks that set entirely new design
directions. Our clients benefit from tighter budget control, as well as guaranteed quality, reliability,
adaptability and deliver- ability. We offer full coordination services from selection and integration right
through to tendering and onsite direction.

GRAPHICS AND WAYFINDING

To extend the creative concept throughout the water park requires the talents of many design professionals.
Signage and graphic design take on the functional tasks of provid-ing information and direction, while
blending with the character of the park. Larger signs and graphics can be especially useful in establishing
mood, by using special materials, textures and colours, with or without text.

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Creating water parks that are elegant, spa- cious, light-filled and functional requires more than simple
engineering; architectural finesse is required. For indoor parks, the best enclosures are transparent and
adaptable for cold- and warm-weather conditions. In outdoor parks, structures must be attractive and
human-scaled. In every case, FORREC’s in-house architectural teams are skilled at creating water parks
that balance function, technology and comfort.

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LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

It’s not difficult to see the connection between water parks and landscape architecture. After golf courses,
water parks are probably the most landscape-oriented entertainment experiences that there are. Our very
first water park, at West Edmonton Mall, was really an extension of our landscape architecture practice
and, for all our water parks since then, we have relied heavily on our landscape background to provide
some of the most memorable, most human-scaled and best- planned parks around the globe.

DESIGN MANAGEMENT

In a successful water park, the core design ideas are evident in every aspect of the guest experience.
FORREC’s Design Management service ensures that the Big Picture concept survives until the finishing
details are applied. Our familiarity with the construction materials and methods unique to the water park
sector is especially important. On our client’s behalf, we can monitor drawing packages, provide on-site
leadership, direction, supervision and staff, to work closely with clients, construction managers, local design
teams and contractors – anywhere in the world.

PLANNING METHODOLOGY

The 2012 Aquatic Facilities Master Plan was developed to determine the feasibility of developing a system
of new more economically sustainable family aquatic centers located throughout the City so as to provide
an equal level of service for all residents. Unlike the “Neighborhood Approach” of years past, it is more
typical today to build fewer and larger aquatic facilities in larger community parks where utilities, support
structures, and parking can be shared. Strategically placing an aquatic facility in a park encourages
recreation seekers to a “one-stop shop.” Aquatic facilities—when bundled with amenities, such as ball fields,
running tracks, walking/biking trails and fitness centers—can provide a complete recreation experience
while sharing parking and utility infrastructure.
Location
Hours of Operation
Open and Closed Facilities at that time
Remodeled Facilities
Maintenance Expenditures
Attendance and Revenue

SITE SELECTION CRITERIA

 Existing Park Sites
 Adequate Developable Area on Site
 Potential Users (Census Data)
 Proximity to Other Public Aquatic Facilities
 Accessibility (Auto, Bus, Train, etc.)
 Public Facilities (Bundled w/ Parking, Recreation Centers, Sports Fields, Schools,
etc.)

WATER PARK SAFETY

The waterpark industry has produced an excellent track record of delivering safe family recreation. In fact,
a visit to a waterpark is the safest way for families to play together in the water. Achieving these results is
not as effortless as floating down a lazy river attraction, however – it takes a great amount of dedication
and teamwork each day.

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 EXAMPLES OF AQUATIC PARK
United Kingdom
*Fantaseas was a chain of indoor waterparks situated in the United Kingdom that opened in the late
1980s, but due to various technical and financial difficulties closed in the mid-nineties. The first was opened
in Autumn 1989 on the outskirts of Dartford in Kent. The building contained six American-style water slides,
a lazy river, wave pool, an outdoor heated lagoon as well as a cafe and gaming video arcade. Visible on
the skyline from the nearby M25 motorway the building dominated the local landscape and became quite
an icon of the town.
The features in Dartford were as follows:

 Mind Blower - The slowest flume, suitable for children

 Cyclone - Slightly faster, water traveled down in a "zig zag" motion
 Double Dipper - Fast flume with sharp bends
 Nightmare - Dark black flume, no vision whilst riding down
 Doom Tube - Very fast, small flume
 Wipeout - The fastest flume with sharp bends

*Leith Waterworld was a leisure pool in Leith, Edinburgh, Scotland. It was built on the site of the
former Leith Central railway station. It was the only pool in Edinburgh with flumes, and there was also a fast
river run. It died in January 2012 in order to save funds for the Royal Commonwealth Pool's renovation and
re-opening. A campaigning group against the closure, called Splashback, were funded to carry out
feasibility studies but the property has been converted into a children's soft-play centre

United States
*Disney's River Country was the first water park at Walt Disney World.
Located along the shores of Bay Lake and near Disney's Fort Wilderness
Resort & Campground, the park was themed as a rustic, old-fashioned
swimming hole. It opened on June 20, 1976, and closed indefinitely on
November 2, 2001, with The Walt Disney Company later announcing on
January 20, 2005 that the park would remain closed permanently. This made
the water park the second of only two Disney parks in the company's history
to close permanently, with nearby Discovery Island on the lake having closed earlier in 1999. In 2018, it
was announced that a new hotel, Reflections – A Disney Lakeside Lodge, would be built at the former site
of Disney's River Country starting in 2019.

*Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom is an amusement and water

park owned and operated by Cedar Fair and located in between Allentown,
Pennsylvania and Emmaus, Pennsylvania. The park features seven roller
coasters, other adult and children's rides, and a waterpark, Wildwater
Kingdom.It features some of the world's most prominent roller coasters,
including Steel Force, the ninth longest steel roller coaster in the worldand the
second longest on the U.S. East Coast.

37
 *Lake Dolores Waterpark is an abandoned waterpark off Interstate 15 in
the Mojave Desert in the community of Newberry Springs, California, United
States. The waterpark had operated under numerous names in the past,
including Lake Dolores, Rock–A–Hoola Waterpark, and Discovery
Waterpark.

*KeyLime Cove was a resort and indoor waterpark of 30 acres (12 ha) located in Gurnee, Illinois near Six
Flags Great America. KeyLime Cove was listed as the "Official Resort of Six Flags Great America". The
resort was located about an hour away from Chicagoand less than an hour from Milwaukee. The resort
closed on April 19, 2017 and will be under renovations for the next year to transform the tropical themed
resort to a north woods themed look. Great Wolf Resorts, a Madison-based company with over 14 resorts
opened and 4 under construction/renovation, acquired the property on February 6 at the Gurnee Village
board meeting the night before.

*Manteca Waterslides was a water park that existed in the Central Valley town of Manteca, California from
1974 to 2004.[1] Founded by R.H. "Budge" Brown, the park enjoyed status as one of the better waterparks
in the United States and had easy access to Interstate 5. Also known as Oakwood Lake, it was familiar to
central valley park-goers for its massive drop-down slide "V-Max".

*Pleasure Island Water Theme Park was a water park located on 25 acres (100,000 m2) in Muskegon,
Michigan located at 99 E. Pontaluna Road.
The park operated in the 1980s and 1990s, consisting of 13 water slides, mini golf, a beach with zip line,
paddle boats, gas-powered bumper boats, a lazy river, and a children' swim area with three small water
slides. The feature attraction was a water slide named the Black Hole which was built into a hill and started
out with a steep drop which then circled back into the hill, finally coming out of the hill into a pool of water
at the base. Pleasure Island was also known for the food served at the Weenie Hut.

Canada
*Wild Rapids Waterslides was a water park located on the shores Sylvan
Lake in the resort town of Sylvan Lake, Alberta, Canada. Opened to the public
in 1982, it was Alberta's second-largest water park after the World
Waterpark in Edmonton. Not to be confused with the now closed Wild Waters
Waterslides in Edmonton, it was one of five waterslide parks in Alberta, and
the last outdoor one.[1]The park contained 12 slides, many small pools, three
hot tubs, and a children's water playground.

*The Froster Soak City waterpark began with a concrete waterslide,

Canada's first, opened in 1978 on the East Island infill. It was expanded
with new water attractions (Hydrofuge in 1993 and Rush River Raft Ride,
Pink Twister waterslide and Purple Pipeline waterslide in 1995) and
eventually to the current Soak City theme in 2001. By the time of its
closure, it had five water slides, a pool and a splash pad. In the Splash
Pad area of the park, many of the features were interactive and
controlled by user-operable valves. The valves are free-turning ball-valves connected to large
handwheels.

Vietnam
*Saigon Water Park is a former water park in Thủ Đức District, Ho Chi Minh City.It was the first park of its
kind built in the city. The park was situated on Saigon River.
38
Japan
*The Seagaia Ocean Dome (シーガイアオーシャンドーム Shīgaia Ōshan
Dōmu), was one of the world's largest indoor waterparks, located
in Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan. The Polynesia-themed Ocean Dome, which was
a part of the Sheraton Seagaia Resort, measured 300 metres in length and
100 metres in width, and was listed on the Guinness World Records. It opened
in 1993, and visitor numbers peaked in 1995 at 1.25 million a year. Depending
on the season, entrance cost was ¥2600 ($21.17) for an adult and ¥1600
($13.03) for a child. The Ocean Dome was officially closed on October 1, 2007
as part of a renovation and partial re-branding of the resort. It was reopened in 2016[2] but closed and
demolished in 2017

*Sports World Izunagaoka was a water park and resort that operated in Shizuoka, Japan. It first opened
in 1988, and then closed in 1996. After the company who ran the resort went bankrupt, it was demolished
in early 2010 leaving only a few buildings and the parking lot.

*Wild Blue Yokohama was a large indoor pool complex located in Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan. The
facility was operated by NKK Corp., a major Japanese steelmaker, and opened in June 1992 on unused
land owned by NKK.It closed on 31 August 2001 due to falling visitor numbers.
The complex contained an artificial rubber beach, decorated in a tropical theme, featuring artificially
generated waves, heat lamps, and tanning booths.

Russia
*Transvaal Park was a popular waterpark in Yasenevo, a south district of Moscow, Russia. With several
large, heated pools, including a wave pool and twisting "river" for tubing, it became one of the most popular
attractions in the Moscow area and a symbol of the country's bloom of private enterprise. It was based on
an African theme, and its name came from the South African province of Transvaal. It also included
a sauna. When the water park had been open for two years, the roof collapsed with fatalities.

Palestinian territories
*Crazy Water Aqua Fun Park was a water park in the Gaza Strip, Palestinian territories, that served the
territory's small wealthy class.The park opened in May 2010 and was burned down by masked men in
September 2010, after being closed by the Palestinian Hamas de facto government for allowing men and
women to mingle In July, one Australian newspaper called it "the new sensation" among Gaza's "privileged.

Philippines
*Whiterock Beach Hotel + Waterpark in Subic Located only twelve minutes
away from Subic Bay Freeport, this seven-hectare park-like property boasts a
wide beach area, and recreational facilities such as their waterparks that are
both kid and adult-friendly. Make sure to try all their amazing waterslides and
their inflatable waterpark, too. The property’s convenient location allows you to
enjoy the panoramic view of the sunset, and nearby scenic mountain ranges.
Plus, they have a lot of room accommodations to choose from so if spending a
day splashing with the waters is not enough, you can book their rooms for a
night or two.

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*Adventure Beach Waterpark, Subic Bay This newly-opened waterpark
occupies an area of 7, 442 square meters and can accommodate up to 700
guests. While it’s smaller than the usual giant parks found in the country,
adventure-seekers love the place because every attraction in the waterpark is
within easy reach. All of their waterslides are child-friendly so families with
small kids don’t have to worry about any unfortunate incidents. With a fixed
entrance fee, visitors have the chance to explore their twin-twister slides (with
spectacular views of Subic from the top), splash all day, and try a thrilling ride
that mimics whitewater rafting!

*Amana Waterpark Rated by Google as the second-fastest-rising summer

destination in the Philippines, Amana Waterpark takes pride in having a 3,500
square meter wave pool that produces the biggest kind of wave in the country
called Tsunami Wave. Apart from their Tsunami Wave, they also have 13 other
kinds of gigantic waves that anyone will want to experience! Kids will love the
many life-sized Hollywood movie character statues in their various character-
themed pools such as Batman Pool, Avatar Pool, Jurassic Pool, and Interactive
Pool that features the minions from Despicable Me.

*Aquaria Water Park Torn between going for a swim at the pool or at the
beach? Aquaria Water Park lets you get both. Only three hours away
from Metro Manila, this waterpark takes pride in their 525 meters of fine white
sandy beach and state-of-the-art facilities featuring a sunken pool bar, a giant
three-story-high pool slide, and five different cove pools. Aside from splashing
in the waters all day, there’s plenty more to do – enjoy beach volleyball or
soccer, experience the banana boat ride, try kayaking and jetskiing, or feast
on their specialty seafood dishes.

*Fontana Hot Spring Leisure Parks One of the main attractions of this
business-friendly resort is a water theme park that features giant slides and fun
water facilities. They have a world-class Wave Pool that electronically
produces six different kinds of waves that can go as high as three feet tall.
Their slides facilities are also a must-try namely the Three Giant Agua Thrill
Slides, Big Horn Slide, and Water Cottage Slide. For those who prefer to take
it slow and chill, try the Lazy River to enjoy a relaxing, long trip in their 500-
meter-long pool.

*JPark Island Resort and Waterpark, Cebu Apart from having five swimming
pools and three water slides, the five-star resort’s waterpark also features a
private beach where you can spend an entire day under the sun. They have
an Island Pool which features tempting blue waters, mini-waterfalls, and a
swim-up pool bar. Their Beach Pool is connected to other attractions namely
the Wave Rider (an artificial tide pool) and the Amazon River (for those who’d
like to take a leisurely ride in the pool). Plus, you can post all your photos and
updates at any time of the day because their public areas have wireless
Internet access.

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 *Splash Island Are you the type of person who constantly craves a spice of
adventure and is bursting with energy? then Splash Island is the place for
you! It is one of the first water theme parks in the Philippines located in Laguna
that offers more than 17 attractions loaded with wave pools, giant inflatables,
zip lines, canoes, floaters, and slides for all ages (some of which are as high as
30 feet!). Splash Island is just an hour ride from the heart of Manila and is open
daily, all-year round, from 8AM to 6PM. Admission fee is PHP 500 but you can
have it for as low as PHP 199 on discount voucher websites such as MetroDeal
(sweet, right?). It’s totally affordable and ideal for thrill seekers like you!

*8 Waves Waterpark & Hotel Before the surfeit of waterparks in the country, 8 Waves Waterpark & Hotel
was already one of the most commonly suggested places for family getaways, company outing,
and barkada out-of-town trips. At the heart of the relaxed resort and hotel, there lies a gigantic 2,788 square
meter wave pool, making it one of the largest of its kind in Asia and in the Philippines. It has been called
such because the owner of the resort has eight children and its main attraction, the wave pool, produces
eight different kinds of waves. Within the waterpark, you’ll also find numerous slides, a mini golf course,
and hydro-jet bubble pools.

*Oceania Swim and Splash Park This waterpark is found within the premises of Island Cove Hotel and
Leisure Park in Cavite. Oceania Swim and Splash Park’s main highlights are its 3,000 square meter lagoon-
shaped pool with a depth ranging from three to six feet, four giant fiberglass slides, mini jacuzzi-like pools,
and giant inflatables. It’s perfect for kids and kids-at-heart who love to play around and chill in their
refreshing pools! As the largest kid-friendly waterpark, guests are guaranteed maximum safety and many
fun hours under the sun.

*Aqua Planet Aqua Planet is the newest waterpark in the Philippines that instantly gained attention on
social media for its exhilarating rides and 10,000-hectare size. Considered one of the largest waterparks in
Asia, Aqua Planet has two nine-feet-deep wave pools and 38 water slides where you can slip and slide all
day – giving you a one-of-a-kind adrenaline rush. Plus, there are over 25 attractions for families of all ages
including the Octopus Races, Aqua-loop, Tornado, and more! And no need to worry while having fun
because 80 well-trained lifeguards are within the area to ensure your safety.

*WaterWorld Iloilo If you prefer to get wet with a spike of adrenaline rush on your veins, WaterWorld Iloilo
is the perfect place for you! It’s the water them park that is perfect for first timers and thrill-hungry
adventurous too. The park offers 10 fantastic rides such as playgrounds in water, slides with the most
amazing curves, and a bunch of mini rides to make sure you’ll totally ask for more! Located in Jaro, Iloilo
City, the place will give you the feeling of excitement by the time you enter. Lockers, cabanas, and a lot of
great restaurants are all there for you to enjoy. WaterWorld Iloilo admission fee ranges from PHP 350 to
PHP 500 on weekdays and weekends respectively. It is a great playground for children but most of all for
teenagers and adults, ideal for family outing, a day out with your friends or even solo travelers to experience
the water fun that you didn’t know you need!

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 SAMPLE MASTER PLAN

Build Ten Community Family Aquatic Centers

Today, municipal swimming opportunities involve fewer but larger innovative aquatic centers that entice
all the senses: the sights and sounds of families interacting in refreshing free-form pools, splashing down
waterslides, romping in zero-depth entry pools, lap swimming in designated lanes, and laughing in inner
tubes floating down lazy rivers. These are memory-making places where families are eager to frequent.
– $42,000,000 investment
– Reduces operational subsidy
– Potential system attendance = 250,000
Features include:
- 3,500 – 5,500 sq. ft. Leisure Pool
- Open Flume Slide
- Tot Slide
- Zero-depth Entry
- Interactive Play Feature
- Raindrop
- Interactive Floor Geysers
- Lap Lanes
Cost Per Pool = $3.25 Million
Indirect Costs = $975,000
Total Pool Cost = $4.225 Million
Service Area = 4 Miles
Average Attendance = 25,000

Build Six Regional Family Aquatic Centers

Contemporary site design provides for the triangulation of different activity zones, creating synergy of
spaces, thus allowing diverse age groups to have their own zones. By integrating fun and fitness
challenges, the result is a resort-like municipal aquatic facility with an excellent combination of passive and
active amenities for all ages.
– $38,000,000 investment
– Lowest operational subsidy
– Potential system attendance = 270,000
Features include:
- 7,500 – 9,500 sq. foot Multi-Purpose Pool
- Open and Closed Flume Slide
- Tot Slide
- Zero-depth Entry
- Interactive Play Feature
- Raindrop
- Interactive Floor Geysers
- Lap Lanes
- Tot Pool/Pad
- Lazy River
- Group Pavilions
- Shade Structures
Cost Per Pool = $5 Million
Indirect Costs = $1.5 Million
Total Pool Cost = $6.5 Million
Service Area = 6 Miles
Average Attendance = 45,000

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