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General column design C13

General column design by PROKON. (GenCol Ver W3.1.03 - 31 Jan 2019)

Design code : BS8110 - 1997

BS8110 - 1997 Y 750
General design parameters:
Given:
Lo = 7.000 m 500
fcu = 40 MPa
fy = 460 MPa 250
Ac = 633357 mm²
X X
0
Assumptions:
(1) The general conditions of clause 3.8.1 are applicable.
(2) The specified design axial loads include -250
the self-weight of the column.
(3) The design axial loads are taken constant -500
over the height of the column.
-750
-750

-500

-250

250

500

750
Y

0
Design approach:
The column is designed using an iterative procedure:
(1) An area of reinforcement is chosen.
(2) The column design charts are constructed.
(3) The corresponding slenderness moments are calculated.
(4) The design axis and design ultimate moment are determined .
(5) The design axial force and moment capacity is checked on
the relevant design chart.
(6) The safety factor is calculated for this load case.

Check column slenderness:

End fixity and bracing for bending about the Design axis:
At the top end: Condition 4 (free).
The column is unbraced.

Effective length factor ß = 2.20 Table 3.19

Effective column height:

le = ß . Lo
= 2.2 ×7
= 15.400 m

Column slenderness about weakest axis:

le
max_s140l =
h
15.4
=
.90229
= 17.068
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Where h is an equivalent column depth derived from the radius of gyration*square root of 12

Minimum Moments for Design:

Check for mininum eccentricity: 3.8.2.4
Check that the eccentricity exceeds the minimum in the plane of bending:
Use emin = 20mm

Mmin = emin. N
= .02 ×350
= 7.000 kNm

Check if the column is slender: 3.8.1.3

le/h = 19.8 > 10
∴ The column is slender.

Initial moments:
The initial end moments about the X-X axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 0.0 kNm

M2 = Larger initial end moment = 280.0 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 3.8.3.7

Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 ×0 + 0.6 ×-280
= - 168.0000 kNm

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 ×-280
= - 112.0000 kNm

∴ Mi ≥ 0.4M2 = -168.0 kNm

The initial end moments about the Y-Y axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 0.0 kNm

M2 = Larger initial end moment = 0.0 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 3.8.3.7

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Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 ×0 + 0.6 ×0
= 0.0000×100 kNm

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 ×0
= 0.0000×100 kNm

∴ Mi ≥ 0.4M2 = 0.0 kNm

Deflection induced moments: 3.8.3.1

Design ultimate capacity of section under axial load only:

Nuz = 0.45 . f cu. (Ac - Asc) + 0.95 . f y. Asc

= 0.45 ×40 ×(633.36 - 2.8149 ) + 0.95 ×460 ×2.8149
= 12.58×103 kN

Maximum allowable stress and strain:

Allowable compression stress in steel

f sc = 0.95 . f y
= 0.95 ×460
= 437.000 MPa

Allowable tensile stress in steel

f st = 0.95 . f y
= 0.95 ×460
= 437.000 MPa

Allowable tensile strain in steel

f st
ey =
Es
438.1
=
200000
= 0.0022
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Allowable compressive strain in concrete

ec = 0.0035

For bending about the weakest axis:

Weakest axis lies at an angle of -180.00° to the X-X axis
Overall dimension perpendicular to weakest axis h = 902mm

Nuz - N
K=
Nuz - Nbal
1258×104 - 350000
=
1258×104 - 6135×103
= 1.898

The value of K is limited to 1.0, therefore K = 1.0

1 .
ßa = max_sl 2
2000
1
= ×19.784 2
2000
= 0.1957

Where max_sl is the maximum slenderness ratio of the column as an equivalent rectangular column.

Therefore:

Madd = N. ßa. K. h
= 350 ×.19571 ×1 ×.90229
= 61.806 kNm

∴ Maddx = Madd*cos(-180.00°) = 61.8 kNm

∴ Maddy = Madd*sin(-180.00°) = 0.0 kNm

Design ultimate load and moment:

Design axial load:
Pu = 350.0 kN
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For bending about the X-X axis, the maximum design moment is the greatest of: 3.8.3.7
(a) 3.8.3.2

M = M2 + Madd
= -280 + 0
= - 280.0000 kNm

(d) 3.8.3.2

M = eminx. N
= .02 ×350
= 7.000 kNm

Thus 3.8.3.2

M = 341.8 kNm

Moments about X-X axis( kNm)

Mx=341.8 kNm
Mxmin=7.0 kNm

+ =

Mxadd=61.8 kNm
Mxbot=280.0 kNm

Initial Additional Design

For bending about the Y-Y axis, the maximum design moment is the greatest of: 3.8.3.7
(a) 3.8.3.2

M = M2 + Madd
=0 +0
= 0.0000×100 kNm

(d) 3.8.3.2

M = eminy. N
= .02 ×350
= 7.000 kNm

Thus 3.8.3.2
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M = 7.0 kNm

Moments about Y-Y axis( kNm)

My=0.0 kNm
Mymin=7.0 kNm

+ =

Mybot=0.0 kNm

Initial Additional Design

Design of column section for ULS:

The column is checked for applied moment about the design axis.
Through inspection: the critical section lies at the bottom end of the column.
The design axis for the critical load case 1 lies at an angle of 180.00° to the X-axis
The safety factor for the critical load case 1 is 2.02

For bending about the design axis:

Interaction Diagram
Moment max = 1352 kNm @ 5305kN

13E3
12E3
11E3
10E3
9000
8000
Axial load (kN)

7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
-1400

-1200

-1000

1000

1200

1400
-800

-600

-400

-200

0.00

1000
200

400

600

800

350 kN
342 kNm

Bending moment (kNm)

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Moment distribution along the height of the column for bending about the design axis:

The final design moments were calculated as the vector sum of the X- and Y- moments
of the critical load case. This also determined the design axis direction

At the top, Mx = 0.0 kNm

Near mid-height, Mx = 214.4 kNm
At the bottom, Mx = 341.8 kNm

Stresses at the bottom end of the column for the critical load case 1

BS8110 - 1997 Y 750

500
180.0°
250
180.0°
XM
D D
MX
0

-250

-500

-750
-750

-500

-250

250

500

750

Y
0

Summary of design calculations:

Design table for critical load case:
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Moments and Reinforcement for LC 1:DL

Top Middle Bottom
Madd-x (kNm) 0.0 -46.4 -61.8
Madd-y (kNm) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mx (kNm) 0.0 -214.4 341.8
My (kNm) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mmin (kNm) 0.0 0.0 7.0
M-design (kNm) 0.0 214.4 341.8
Design axis (°) 180.00 180.00 180.00
Safety factor 35.49 4.10 2.02
Asc (mm²) 2815 2815 2815
Percentage 0.44 % 0.44 % 0.44 %
AsNom (mm²) 2533 2533 2533
Critical load case: LC 1

Design results for all load cases:

Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 1 X-X 0.0 -280.0 -168.0 61.8 341.8

DL Y-Y 350.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Bottom 0.0 341.8 2.018