Initial calculation of concentration

A b s o rb a n c e , A
Variable x-value y-value
Symbol C A
Unit mg L-1 -
Values 0 0 Calibration Line
1.6
20 0.267 1.4
40 0.583 1.2
1.0
60 0.824 0.8
80 1.120 0.6
0.4
100 1.313 0.2
0.0
120 1.499 0 20 40 Concentration,
60 80 C, mg
100

Slope, m = 0.0127
Intercept, c = 0.0374

Measured y-values, yO = 0.763

0.741
0.749
Mean y-value, yO = 0.751

y O−c
Calculated x-value, xO (mg L-1) = 56.08 x O=
m
libration Line

Concentration,
60 80 C, mg L-1
100 120
 Analysis of residuals

A b s o rb a n c e , A
Variable x-value y-value
Symbol C A
Unit mg L-1 -
Values 0 0 Calibration Line
1.6
20 0.267 1.4
40 0.583 1.2
1.0
60 0.824 0.8
80 1.120 0.6
0.4
100 1.313 0.2
0.0
120 1.499 0 20 40 Concentration,
60 80 C, mg
100

SUMMARY OUTPUT
X Variable 1 Residual Plot

Residuals
Regression Statistics 0.1
Mult 0.996611892880742
0.05
R S 0.993235265031336
Adju 0.991882318037603 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1
Stan 0.049702831192714 -0.05
Obse 7 -0.1
X Variable 1

ANOVA
df SS MS F Significance F
Reg 1 1.813567 1.813567 734.127256746 1.281026E-06
Resi 5 0.012351857143 0.002470371429
Tota 6 1.825918857143

Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95%

Inte 0.037357142857143 0.033866770783 1.103061850702 0.32023945277 -0.0497001629 0.124414
X Va 0.012725 0.00046964761 27.0947828326 1.281026E-06 0.01151773239 0.013932

RESIDUAL OUTPUT

Observation Predicted Y Residuals

1 0.037357142857143 -0.03735714286
2 0.291857142857143 -0.02485714286
3 0.546357142857143 0.036642857143
4 0.800857142857143 0.023142857143
5 1.05535714285714 0.064642857143
6 1.30985714285714 0.003142857143
7 1.56435714285714 -0.06535714286
ibration Line

Concentration,
60 80 C, mg L-1
100 120

sidual Plot

80 100 120 140

riable 1

Lower 95.0%
Upper 95.0%
-0.0497 0.124414
0.011518 0.013932
Correlation coefficients

A b s o rb a n c e , A
Variable x-value y-value
Symbol C A
Unit mg L-1 -
Values 0 0 Calibration Line
1.6
20 0.267 1.4
40 0.583 1.2
1.0
60 0.824 0.8
80 1.120 0.6
0.4
100 1.313 0.2
0.0
120 1.499 0 20 40 Concentration,
60 80 C, mg L-1
100

Correlation coefficients:

Including all data points, r = 0.9966

Using data up to 80 mg L-1, r = 0.9994

ibration Line

Concentration,
60 80 C, mg L-1120
100
Final calculation of concentration

A b s o rb a n c e , A
Variable x-value y-value
Symbol C A
Unit mg L-1 -
Values 0 0 Calibration Line
1.6
20 0.267 1.4
40 0.583 1.2
1.0
60 0.824 0.8
80 1.120 0.6
0.4
100 1.313 0.2
0.0
120 1.499 0 20 40 Concentration,
60 80 C, mg
100

Using SLOPE / INTERCEPT Using LINEST

Slope, m = 0.0140 0.0140

Intercept, c = -0.0006

Measured y-values, yO = 0.763 0.763

0.741 0.741
0.749 0.749
Mean y-value, yO = 0.751 0.751

y  c
Calculated x-value, xO (mg L-1) = 53.74 xO  O
53.74
m
Calibration Line

40 Concentration,
60 80 C, mg L-1
100 120
Uncertainty in using Beers law

A b so rb a n ce , A
Variable x-value y-value
Symbol C A
Unit mg L-1 -
Values 0 0 Calibration Line
1.6
20 0.267 1.4
40 0.583 1.2
60 0.824 1.0
0.8
80 1.120
0.6
100 1.313 0.4
120 1.499 0.2
0.0
0 20 40 Concent8
60
Using values up to 80 mg L : -1

Slope, m = 0.0140
Intercept, c = -0.0006

Measured y-values, yO = 0.763

0.741
0.749
Mean y-value, yO = 0.751

y O−c
Calculated x-value, xO (mg L-1) = 53.74 x O=
m

Standard Error of Regression, SEyx = 0.0178

No. of y-readings, k = 3
No. of calibration readings, n = 5
Mean of y-values, = 0.5588
Sample variance of x-values, s2 = 1000.00

Using full equation: u xO  

SExy 
1 1  y  y  2 
    2 O2 
m  k n m  s  (n  1) 
 
Estimated uncertainty, u(xO) (mg L-1) = 0.9674
t-value (2-tailed, 95%, n-2) = 3.1824

Confidence Deviation, Cd(xO) = 3.08 Cd(xO) = t2,a,n-2 ´ u(xO)

Confidence Interval, CI(xO) (mg L-1) = 50.66 to 56.82

SE xy1 1
Using approximate equation: u  xO      
m k n 
Estimated uncertainty, u(xO) (mg L-1) = 0.9273
t-value (2-tailed, 95%, n-2) = 3.1824
 Confidence Deviation, Cd(xO) = 2.95 Cd(xO) = t2,a,n-2 ´ u(xO)

Confidence Interval, CI(xO) (mg L-1) = 50.79 to 56.69

 Calibration Line

20 40 Concentration,
60 80 C,
100mg L-1120

 yO  y  2 


2
 s  (n  1) 
2


CI(xO) = xO ± Cd(xO)
CI(xO) = xO ± Cd(xO)