A BOOK OF

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

(MCQ’S)
FOR ONLINE (50 Marks) EXAMINATION
(PHASE – I & II)

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
SECOND YEAR DEGREE COURSE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Strictly According to New Revised Credit System Syllabus

of Savitribai Phule Pune University
(w.e.f June 2016)

Dr. PRAKASH RAO Dr. NARENDRA S. JAIN

Ph.D (Geology) M.Sc. (Geology) Ph.D
Consultant Geologist Asso. Professor, Civil Engg. Deptt.
PUNE D.Y. Patil College of Engineering,
Akurdi, PUNE

RAVIRAJ R. SORATE
B.E. (Civil), M. Tech (Geotech)
Asst. Professor & Head
Civil Engg. Deptt.
Singhad Academy of Engineering.

Price ` 40.00

N3894
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL)
First Edition : January 2017
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Dear Students,

It gives us great pleasure to present to you a Separate Multiple

Choice Questions. (MCQ’s) Book which is written by Experienced and
Eminent Professors and Published by Nirali Prakashan, Pune.

In this New “MCQ’s book”, we have given large number of

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ’s) on first four units with Answers.
also, we Includes, Sample Question Papers for Online Examination
Phase I and II for practice.

This “MCQ’s Book” is a guaranteed way for you to score a

maximum of 50 marks in the University Online Examination, because,
all the MCQs are as per University Question Format, so we are
confident that, you will find our “MCQ’s Book” will very useful and
effective in scoring in your University Online Examination.

Happy Studying and Good Luck !

…Nirali Prakashan
 CONTENTS

Unit I : Mineralogy, Petrology and General Geology 1.1-1.14

Unit II : Structural Geology and Plate Tectonics 2.1-2.12

Unit III : Geomorphology and Historical Geology 3.1-3.6

Unit IV : Preliminary Geological Studies and Remote Sensing 4.1-4.8

• Sample Question Paper for Online Exam. Phase I (Unit I & II) P.1 – P.2
• Sample Question Paper for Online Exam. Phase II (Unit III & IV)P.3 – P.4
 Unit - I

MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY
AND GENERAL GEOLOGY

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. The branch of geology which deals with occurrence, origin and history of rocks is
known as
(a) hydrogeology (b) pedology
(c) petrology (d) geomorphology
Answer: c
2. The branch of geology which deals with study of chronology of the earth's past
events is called as
(a) historical geology (b) structural geology
(c) physical geology (d) none of the above
Answer: a
3. The branch of geology which deals with study of uppermost layers of earth's crust is
known as
(a) petrology (b) hydrogeology (c) pedology (d) geomorphology
Answer: c
4. Rocks which are formed from weathering products of preexisting rocks deposited
near earth's surface are called as
(a) Igneous rocks (b) Sedimentary rocks
(c) Metamorphic rocks (d) None of the above
Answer: b
5. In relative proportion of rocks by weight percentage which type of rocks are having
maximum percentage ?
(a) Igneous rocks (b) Sedimentary rocks
(c) Metamorphic rocks (d) None of the above
Answer: a
6. In relative proportion of rocks by volume percentage which type of rocks are having
maximum percentage ?
(a) Igneous rocks (b) Sedimentary rocks
(c) Metamorphic rocks (d) None of the above
Answer: b
Unit I | 1.1
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL) MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY & GENERAL CEOLOGY

7. Rocks which are made up of one mineral are called as

(a) monomineralic (b) polymineralic
(c) both (d) none of these
Answer: a
8. Large magnitude or sudden events that modify the pre-existing landscapes is known
as
(a) catastrophism (b) metamorphism
(c) physimorphism (d) none of these
Answer: a
9. Approximately % of sun's heat is absorbed by land, sea or the atmosphere ?
(a) 40 (b) 20 (c) 10 (d) 60
Answer: d
10. Element which constitute earth crust with maximum volume per cent is
(a) oxygen (b) potassium (c) sodium (d) silicon
Answer: a
11. Average geothermal gradient of earth crust is
(a) 30°C/km (b) 15°C/km
(c) 75°C/km (d) none of the above
Answer: a
12. About % of earth's surface is occupied by the oceanic basins.
(a) 60 (b) 40
(c) 10 (d) none of the above
Answer: a
13. % of continental crust is occupied by oceanic water.
(a) 10 (b) 60 (c) 40 (d) 50
Answer: a
14. The study of rocks in the laboratory as hand specimens with a view to analyse and
discuss their texture, mineral composition, chemical composition is called as
(a) petrography (b) hydrogeology
(c) pedology (d) any of the above
Answer: a
15. The physical property of mineral by which minerals are identified on account of its
colour of the powder form is called as
(a) colour (b) luster (c) streak (d) none of these
Answer: c
Unit I | 1.2
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL) MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY & GENERAL CEOLOGY

16. Lusture shown by broken glass is known as

(a) metallic (b) sub-metallic
(c) silky (d) none of the above
Answer: d
17. Lusture shown by fibrous minerals is known as
(a) pearly (b) vitreous
(c) dull (d) none of these
Answer: d
18. Which mineral generally shows one set of cleavage ?
(a) feldspar (b) mica
(c) calcite (d) fluorite
Answer: b
19. Two set of cleavage is seen in
(a) feldspar (b) mica
(c) calcite (d) fluorite
Answer: a
20. Talc is showing which type of luster ?
(a) pearly (b) silky
(c) dull (d) resinous
Answer: a
21. Quartz is showing which type of luster ?
(a) metallic (b) non-metallic
(c) peraly (d) none of these
Answer: d
22. Asbestos is showing which type of luster ?
(a) vitreous (b) metallic
(c) non-metallic (d) silky
Answer: d
23. The heat caused by melting in the earth history was supplied from which of the
following events or causes ?
(a) volcanic activity and radioactivity
(b) a large impact event and radioactivity
(c) large impact event and solar heating
(d) solar heating
Answer: d

Unit I | 1.3
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL) MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY & GENERAL CEOLOGY

24. Splitting of minerals along planner surface is known as

(a) form (b) cleavage
(c) vitreous (d) streak
Answer: b
25. The father of geology is
(a) Alfred Wegner (b) James Hutton
(c) John Butler (d) Art smith
Answer: b
26. Quartz has hardness of 7 and will scratch on all the minerals with hardness 8 and
higher.
(a) true (b) false
(c) can not say
Answer: b
27. The common nesosilicate – single tetrahedron is
(a) olivine (b) pyroxene
(c) quartz (d) feldspar
Answer: a
28. silicate structure is observed in clay minerals.
(a) sheet (b) framework
(c) isolated (d) single chain
Answer: a
29. The layer that separates crust from core is known as
(a) lithosphere (b) mantle
(c) magma layer (d) solid inner core
Answer: c
30. What derives the earth's internal heat engine ?
(a) radioactivity (b) volcanoes
(c) ocean tides (d) solar energy
Answer: a
31. The minerals which could be scrached by finger nail will have hardness between
(a) 3 and 4 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 5 and 6 (d) none of these
Answer: b

Unit I | 1.4
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL) MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY & GENERAL CEOLOGY

32. Which of the following types of rocks could be the potential of metamorphic rocks ?
(a) sedimentary (b) igneous
(c) metamorphic (d) all of these
Answer: d
33. If you have provided with same exact chemical composition two minerals, which one
will form higher pressures ?
(a) the mineral with greatest density
(b) mineral with lowest density
(c) mineral with lowest hardness
(d) mineral with greatest hardness
Answer: a
34. The term crust and lithosphere are same.
(a) true (b) false
Answer: b
35. For the earth we are having static and stable earths crust.
(a) true (b) false
Answer: b
36. Formation or development of long needle like crystals is known as
(a) fibrous (b) radiating
(c) columnar (d) acicular
Answer: d
37. The relative capacity of substance to absorb or transmit light is known as
(a) resinous (b) radiating
(c) diaphaneity (d) none of these
Answer: c
38. Chemical substances that have exactly the same chemical formula but different
crystal structure is
(a) polymorphs (b) electrons
(c) isotopes (d) ions
Answer: a
39. Igneous rocks with colour index as 0-30% of mathic materials which are light
coloured are known as
(a) hyper melanic (b) melanocratic
(c) mesocratic (d) leucocratic
Answer: d
Unit I | 1.5
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL) MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY & GENERAL CEOLOGY

40. Igneous rock with colour index as 60-90% of mathic materials which are dark
coloured are known as
(a) hyper melanic (b) melanocratic
(c) mesocratic (d) lecucratic
Answer: b
41. Igneous rocks which are very dark coloured are known as
(a) hyper melanic (b) lecucratic
(c) mesocratic (d) melanocratic
Answer: a
42. The percentage of silica in ultrabasic type of igneous rock is
(a) about 52-66% (b) over 66%
(c) less than 45% (d) none of these
Answer: c
43. In intermediate type of igneous rocks percentage of silica is
(a) over 66% (b) about 52% to 66%
(c) 45% to 54% (d) none of these
Answer: b
44. Percentage of silica in acidic igneous rock is
(a) 52% - 66% (b) 45% -52%
(c) less than 45% (d) none of these
Answer: d
45. If shape of crystal is completely bounded by faces then it is
(a) euhedral (b) anhedral
(c) none of these (d) any of these
Answer: a
46. Crystals which are better developed in two directions than third direction are known
as
(a) equidimensional (b) tabular
(c) none of these (d) any of these
Answer: b
47. The rock which is composed of entirely of crystals is known as
(a) holocrystalline (b) holohyaline
(c) mesocrystalline (d) none of these
Answer: a
Unit I | 1.6
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL) MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY & GENERAL CEOLOGY

48. The rock which completely consist of glass is known as

(a) holocrystalline (b) holohyaline
(c) mesocrystalline (d) none of these
Answer: b
49. The rock which consists of partly of crystals and partly of glass is known as
(a) holocryslalline (b) holohyaline
(c) mesocrystalline (d) none of these
Answer: c
50. Olivine groups have chemical formula
(a) SiO2H2O (b) MgO3
(c) (MgFe)2 SiO4 (d) none of these
Answer: c
51. Small pieces of rock moved from one part to other by wind and water, glacier is
called as
(a) erosion (b) rock flow
(c) weathering (d) cementation
Answer: c
52. What is the molten rock under the earth's surface called ?
(a) magma (b) lava
(c) both lava and magma (d) none of these
Answer: b
53. naturally occurring, inorganic substance that does not have orderly arrangement of
atoms is called as
(a) lava (b) sediment
(c) magma (d) meeraloid
Answer: d
54. Small pieces of rocks are called as
(a) pebbles (b) particles
(c) sediments (d) chips
Answer: c
55. Igneous rock changes to metamorphic rock by process of
(a) magma cooling (b) compaction
(c) heat & pressure (d) weathering and erosion
Answer: d
Unit I | 1.7
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL) MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY & GENERAL CEOLOGY

56. The method of rock forming is called as

(a) weathering cycle (b) rock cycle
(c) magma cycle (d) rock formation
Answer: b
57. Which classification of rock is not found in rock cycle ?
(a) cemented rock (b) metamorphic rock
(c) semdimentary rock (d) igneous rock
Answer: a
58. Igneous rocks are formed by
(a) weathering and erosion
(b) heat and pressure
(c) compaction and cementation
(d) cooling of magma
Answer: d
59. Large inverted mushroom–shaped intrusions that sag down in the middle due to
dense rocks are called as
(a) laccoliths (b) lopoliths
(c) balnoliths (d) dikes
Answer: b
60. How thick is the crust of the earth ?
(a) about 4 miles (b) about 4 km
(c) about 40 km (d) about 400 km
Answer: c
61. What drives the internal heat of earth ?
(a) volcanoes (b) radioactive elements
(c) solar energy (d) ocean hides
Answer: b
62. Which will be the parental rock for metamorphic rock ?
(a) sedimentary (b) igneous
(c) metamorphic (d) all of these
Answer: d
63. Type of texture formed due to rapid cooling is
(a) aphanitic (b) phaneritic
(c) course grained (d) none of these
Answer: a
Unit I | 1.8
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL) MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY & GENERAL CEOLOGY

64. Crust and lithosphere are having same meaning.

(a) true (b) false
Answer: b
65. The curst of earth is static and stable.
(a) true (b) false
Answer: b
66. The earth's external heat engine is not responsible for
(a) climate
(b) erosion
(c) tides
(d) winds
Answer: c
67. The lithosphere is approximately thick.
(a) 50-100 km (b) 100-200 km
(c) 5-10 km (d) 1-2 km
Answer: a
68. The element which is having highest volume per cent in the continental crust of earth
is
(a) aluminium (b) oxygen
(c) iron (d) sodium
Answer: b
69. What is the most common structural element of group silicate mineral ?
(a) a silicon − aluminium tetrahedron
(b) a silicon − nitrogen tetrahedron
(c) a silicon − oxygen tetrahedron
(d) a silicon − oxygen octahedron
Answer: c
70. Diamond is having hardness number
(a) 10 (b) 7
(c) 1 (d) 2
Answer: b

Unit I | 1.9
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (SE CIVIL) MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY & GENERAL CEOLOGY

71. Plutonic type of rocks generally shows

(a) fine grained texture
(b) course grained texture
(c) both b
(d) none
Answer: c
72. The study of rock deformation and geometry is known as
(a) structural geology
(b) geophysics
(c) engineering geology
(d) petrology
Answer: a
73. Gatens shows lusture.
(a) sub-metallic (b) metallic
(c) viterious (d) pall
Answer: b
74. Clacite shows sets of cleavage.
(a) one set (b) two set
(c) three set (d) four set
Answer: c
75. The light coloured minerals shows lesser specific gravity than dark coloured minerals.
(a) true
(b) false
Answer: a
76. Cleavage means
(a) development of crystal faces during mineral growth
(b) Splitting a mineral along planner surfaces
(c) development of irregular fractures when minerals is broken
(d) density and specific gravity of minerals.
Answer: b

Unit I | 1.10
 Engineering Geology (MCQ)

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