LAE VOCABULARY

FLASH CARDS
Flash Cards 433 - 540
 RENEGADE
Word No. 433

• MEANING
• A deserter from one faith, cause, principle, or party for another
• An individual who rejects lawful or conventional behavior
• Having deserted a faith, cause, or religion for a hostile one
• Having rejected tradition: unconventional
• SYNONYM
• Apostate, defector, deserter, recreant
• ANTONYM
• loyalist
 REPROBATE
Word No. 434

• MEANING
• To condemn strongly as unworthy, unacceptable or evil <reprobating
the laxity of age>
• To foreordain to damnation
• To refuse to accept: reject
• Rejected as worthless or not standing a test
• SYNONYM
• Debased, debauched decadent, degenerate, degraded, demoralized,
depraved, dissipated, dissolute, jackleg, libertine, loose, perverse,
perverted, rakehell, rakish, corrupt, sick, unclean, unwholesome,
warped
• ANTONYM
• Pure, uncorrupt, uncorrupted
 REQUIEM
Word No. 435

• MEANING
• A mass for the dead
• A solemn chant (as a dirge) for the repose of the dead
• Something that resembles a solemn chant
• A musical setting of the mass for the dead
• A musical composition in honor of the dead
• SYNONYM
• Dirge, elegy, lament, threnody
• ANTONYM
 RESOLUTE
Word No. 436

• MEANING
• Marked by firm determination: resolved <a resolute character>
• Bold, steady <a resolute gaze>
• SYNONYM
• Bent (on or upon), bound, decisive, do-or-die, firm, hell-bent (on or
upon), intent, out, purposeful, determined, resolved, set, single-
minded
• ANTONYM
• Faltering, hesitant, indecisive, irresolute, undetermined,
unresolved, vacillating, wavering, weak-kneed
 RESTIVE
Word No. 437

• MEANING
• Stubbornly resisting control: balky
• Marked by impatience or uneasiness: fidgety
• SYNONYM
• Balky, contrary, contumacious, defiant, froward, incompliant,
insubordinate, intractable, obstreperous, rebel, rebellious,
recalcitrant, recusant, refractory, disobedient, ungovernable, unruly,
untoward, wayward, willful (or wilful)
• ANTONYM
• Amenable, biddable, compliant, conformable, docile, obedient, ruly,
submissive, tractable
 RESCUSCITATE
Word No. 438

• MEANING
• To revive from apparent death or from unconsciousness; also
revitalize
• SYNONYM
• Freshen, recharge, recreate, refresh, refreshen, regenerate,
rejuvenate, repair, restore, renew, revitalize, revive, revivify
• ANTONYM
 RETICENT
Word No. 439

• MEANING
• Inclined to be silent or uncommunicative in speech: reserved
• Restrained in expression, presentation or appearance
• Reluctant
• SYNONYM
• Close, closemouthed, dark, secretive, tight-mouthed,
uncommunicative
• ANTONYM
• Communicative, open
 RETRACT
Word No. 440

• MEANING
• To draw back or in <cats retract their claws>
• Take back, withdraw <retract a confession>
• Disavow
• To draw or pull back
• To recant or disavow something
• SYNONYM
• Abnegate, forswear (also foreswear), recant, renege, renounce,
repeal, repudiate, abjure, take back, unsay, withdraw
• ANTONYM
• Adhere (to)
 RIFE
Word No. 441

• MEANING
• Prevalent especially to an increasing degree <suspicion and cruelty
were rife – W. E. B. DuBois>
• Abundant, common
• Copiously supplied: abounding – usually used with with <rife with
rumors>
• SYNONYM
• Abounding, abundant, awash, flush, fraught, lousy, replete,
swarming, teeming, thick, thronging
• ANTONYM
 RIFT
Word No. 442

• MEANING
• Fissure, crevasse
• Fault
• A clear space or interval
• Breach, estrangement
• SYNONYM
• Check, chink, cleft, cranny, crevice, fissure, crack, split
• ANTONYM
 RIVETING
Word No. 443

• MEANING
• Having the power to fix the attention: engrossing, fascinating <a
riveting story>
• SYNONYM
• Absorbing, arresting, consuming, engaging, engrossing,
enthralling, fascinating, gripping, immersing, intriguing, involving,
interesting
• ANTONYM
• Boring, drab, dry, dull, heavy, monotonous, tedious, uninteresting
 RUDIMENTARY
Word No. 444

• MEANING
• Consisting in first principles: fundamental <had only a rudimentary
formal education – D. J. Boorstin>
• Of a primitive kind <the equipment of these past empire-builders
was rudimentary – A. J. Toynbee>
• Very imperfectly developed or represented only by a vestige <the
rudimentary tail of a hyrax>
• SYNONYM
• Crude, low, rude, primitive
• ANTONYM
• Advanced, developed, evolved, high, higher, late
 RUNIC
Word No. 445

• MEANING
• Any of the characters of any of several alphabets used by
Germanic peoples from about the 3rd to the 13th centuries
• Mystery, magic
• A Finnish or Old Norse poem
• Poem, song
• SYNONYM
• Lyric, poem, song, verse
• ANTONYM
 SALIENT
Word No. 446

• MEANING
• Moving by leaps or springs: jumping
• Jetting upward <a salient fountain>
• Projecting beyond a line, surface, or level
• Standing out conspicuously: prominent; especially: of notable
significance <similar to… Prohibition, but there are a couple of salient
differences – Tony Gibbs>
• SYNONYM
• Noticeable, arresting, bodacious, bold, brilliant, catchy, commanding,
conspicuous, dramatic, emphatic, eye-catching, flamboyant, grabby,
kenspeckle [chiefly Scottish], marked, noisy, prominent, pronounced,
remarkable, showy, splashy, striking
• ANTONYM
• Inconspicuous, unemphatic, unflamboyant, unnoticeable, unobtrusive,
unremarkable, unshowy
 SAUNTER
Word No. 447

• MEANING
• To walk about in an idle or leisurely manner: stroll <sauntered
slowly down the street>
• SYNONYM
• Amble, perambulate, ramble, hike, tramp, tromp
• ANTONYM
 SCRUPLE
Word No. 448

• MEANING
• A unit of capacity equal to 1/24 Apothecaries ounce
• A minute part or quantity: iota
• An ethical consideration or principle that inhibits action
• The quality or state of being scrupulous
• Mental reservation
• To show reluctance on grounds of conscience: hesitate
• SYNONYM
• Qualm, compunction, misgiving
• ANTONYM
 SECLUDED
Word No. 449

• MEANING
• Screened or hidden from view: sequestered <a secluded valley>
• Living in seclusion: solitary <secluded monks
• SYNONYM
• Cloistered, covert, hidden, isolated, quiet, remote, retired secret,
sheltered
• ANTONYM
 SECRETE
Word No. 450

• MEANING
• To form and give off (a secretion)
• To deposit or conceal in a hiding place
• To appropriate secretly: absract
• SYNONYM
• Caching, hiding, concealment, stashing
• ANTONYM
• Display, exhibition, exposure, parading, showing
 SEINE
Word No. 451

• MEANING
• A large net with sinkers on one edge and floats on the other that
hangs vertically in the water and is used to enclose and catch fish
when its ends are pulled together or are draw ashore
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 SEMINAL
Word No. 452

• MEANING
• Of, relating to, or consisting of seed or semen
• Containing or contributing the seeds of later development: creative,
original <a seminal book>
• SYNONYM
• Archetype, prototype
• ANTONYM
 SEQUENTIAL
Word No. 453

• MEANING
• Of, relating to, or arranged in a sequence: serial <sequential file
systems>
• Following in sequence
• Relating to or based on a method of testing a statistical hypothesis that
involves examination of a sequence of samples for each of which the
decision is made to accept or reject the hypothesis or to continue
sampling
• SYNONYM
• Back-to-back, sequent, consecutive, straight, succeeding,
successional, successive
• ANTONYM
• Inconsecutive, inconsequent, nonconsecutive, nonsequential
 SERVILE
Word No. 454

• MEANING
• Of or befitting a slave or a menial position
• Meanly or cravenly submissive: abject
• SYNONYM
• Base, humble, menial, abject, slavish
• ANTONYM
 SEVER
Word No. 455

• MEANING
• To put or keep apart: divide; especially: to remove (as a part) by or
as if by cutting
• To become separated
• SYNONYM
• Break up, decouple, disassociate, disconnect, disjoin, disjoint,
dissever, dissociate, disunite, divide, divorce, part, ramify, resolve,
separate, split, sunder, uncouple, unlink, unyoke
• ANTONYM
• Join, link, unify, unite
 SHARD
Word No. 456

• MEANING
• A piece or fragment of a brittle substance <shards of glass>;
broadly: a small piece or part: scrap < little shards of time and
space recorded by the camera’s lens – Rosalind Krauss>
• Shell, scale; especially: elytron
• Fragments of pottery vessels found on sites and in refuse deposits
where pottery-making peoples have lived
• Highly angular curved glass fragments of tuffaceous sediments
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 SHIRK
Word No. 457

• MEANING
• To go stealthily: sneak
• To evade the performance of an obligation
• Avoid, evade <shirk one’s duty>
• SYNONYM
• Avoid, dodge, duck, elude, eschew, evade, finesse, get around,
scape, shake, escape, shuffle (out of), shun, weasel (out of)
• ANTONYM
• Attend (to), remember
 SIMULATE
Word No. 458

• MEANING
• To give or assume the appearance or effect of often with the intent
to deceive: imitate
• To make a simulation of (as a physical system)
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 SLUGGARD
Word No. 459

• MEANING
• A habitually lazy person
• SYNONYM
• Couch potato, deadbeat, do-nothing, drone, idler, layabout, loafer,
lotus-eater, slouch, slug, slugabed, lazybones
• ANTONYM
• Doer, go-ahead, go-getter, hummer, hustler, rustler, self-starter
 SOJOURN
Word No. 460

• MEANING
• A temporary stay <a sojourn in the country>
• To stay as a temporary resident: stop
• SYNONYM
• Visit, stay tarry
• ANTONYM
 SOLICITUDE
Word No. 461

• MEANING
• The state of being concerned and anxious
• Attentive care and protectiveness; also: an attitude of earnest
concern or attention <expressed solicitude for his health>
• A cause of care or concern – usually used in plural
• SYNONYM
• Agita, agitation, anxiousness, apprehension, apprehensiveness,
care, concern, concernment, disquiet, disquietude, fear, nervosity,
nervousness, perturbation, anxiety, sweat, unease, uneasiness,
worry
• ANTONYM
• Unconcern
 SPECIOUS
Word No. 462

• MEANING
• Obsolete: showy
• Having deceptive attraction or allure
• Having a false look of truth or genuineness: sophistic <specious
reasoning>
• SYNONYM
• Beguiling, deceitful, deceiving, deluding, delusive, delusory,
fallacious, false, misleading, deceptive
• ANTONYM
• Aboveboard, forthright, nondeceptive, straightforward
 SPECTRUM
Word No. 463

• MEANING
• A continuum of color formed when a beam of white light is dispersed (as by
passage through a prism) so that its component wavelengths are arranged in
order
• Any various continua that resemble a color spectrum in consisting of an
ordered arrangement by a particular characteristic (as frequency or energy): as
(1): electromagnetic spectrum (2): radio spectrum (3): the range of frequencies
of sound waves (4): mass spectrum
• The representation (as a plot) of a spectrum
• The continuous sequence or range <a wide spectrum of interests> <opposite
ends of the political spectrum>
• Kinds of organisms associated with a particular situation (as an environment)
• A range of effectiveness against pathogenic organisms <an antibiotic with a
broad spectrum>
• SYNONYM
• Diapason, gamut, scale, range, spread, stretch
• ANTONYM
 SPORADIC
Word No. 464

• MEANING
• Occurring occasionally, singly, or in irregular or random instances
<sporadic protests> <a sporadic disease>
• SYNONYM
• Aperiodic, casual, catchy, choppy, discontinuous, episodic (also
episodical), erratic, intermittent, irregular, occasional, spasmodic,
spastic, fitful, spotty, unsteady
• ANTONYM
• Constant, continous, habitual, periodic, regular, repeated, steady
 SPURIOUS
Word No. 433

• MEANING
• Of illegitimate birth: bastard
• Outwardly similar or corresponding to something without having its
genuine qualities: false <the spurious eminence of the pop
celebrity>
• Of falsified or erroneously attributed origin: forged
• Of a deceitful nature or quality <spurious excuses>
• SYNONYM
• Bogus, fake, false, forged, inauthentic, phony (also phoney), queer,
sham, snide, counterfeit, unauthentic
• ANTONYM
• Authentic, bona fide, genuine, real, unfaked
 STAGNANT
Word No. 466

• MEANING
• Not flowing in a current or stream <stagnant water>
• Stale <long disuse had made the air stagnant and foul – Bram
Stoker>
• Not advancing or developing <a stagnant economy>
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 STARK
Word No. 467

• MEANING
• Rigid in or as if in death
• Rigidly conforming (as to a pattern or doctrine): absolute <stark discipline>
• Archaic: strong, robust
• Utter, sheer <stark nonsense>
• Barren, desolate
• Having few or no ornaments: bare <a stark white room>
• Harsh, blunt <the stark realities of death
• Sharply delineated <a stark contrast>
• SYNONYM
• Austere, dour, fierce, flinty, forbidding, gruff, intimidating, lowering (also
louring), rough, rugged, severe, grim, steely, stern, ungentle
• ANTONYM
• Benign, benignant, gentle, mild, nonintimidating, tender
 STASIS
Word No. 468

• MEANING
• A slowing or stoppage of the normal flow of a bodily fluid or semifluid
• Slowing of the current of circulating blood
• Reduced motility of the intestines with retention of feces
• A state of static balance or equilibrium: stagnation
• A state or period of stability during which little or no evolutionary
change in a lineage occurs
• SYNONYM
• Counterpoise, equilibration, equilibrium, equipoise, poise, balance
• ANTONYM
Disequilibration, disequilibrium, imbalance, nonequilibrium, unbalance
 STEREOTYPE
Word No. 469

• MEANING
• To make a stereotype from
• To repeat without variation: make hackneyed
• To develop a mental stereotype about
• A plate cast from a printing surface
• Something conforming to a fixed or general pattern; especially: a
standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of
a group and that represents an oversimplified opinion, prejudiced
attitude, or uncritical judgment
• SYNONYM
• Concept, conception, generality, notion, generalization
• ANTONYM
 STIPPLE
Word No. 470
• MEANING
• To engrave by means of dots and flicks
• To make by small short touches (as of paint or ink) that together
produce an even or softly graded shadow
• To apply (as paint) by repeated small touches
• Speckle, fleck
• Production of gradation of light and shade in graphic art by stippling
small points, larger dots or longer strokes; also: an effect produced
in this way
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 STRATA
Word No. 471

• MEANING
• A bed or layer artificially made
• A sheetlike mass of sedimentary rock or earth one kind lying between beds of
other kinds
• A region of the sear or atmosphere that is analogous to a stratum of the earth
• A layer of tissue <deep stratum of the skin>
• A layer in which archaeological material (as artifacts, skeleton, and dwelling
remains) is found on excavation
• A part of a historical or sociological series representing a period or a stage of
development
• A socioeconomic level of society comprising persons of the same or similar
status especially with regard to education or culture
• One of a series of layers, levels or gradations in an ordered system <strata of
thought>
• A statistical subpopulation
• SYNONYM
• Caste, estate, folk, gentry, order, class
• ANTONYM
 STRIATE
Word No. 472

• MEANING
• To mark with striations or striae
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 SUBJECTIVE
Word No. 433

• MEANING
• Of, relating to, or constituting a subject
• Obsolete: of, relating to, or characteristic of one that is a subject ; especially in lack of freedom of
action or in submissiveness
• Being or relating to a grammatical subject; especially: nominative
• Of or relating to the essential being of that which has substance, qualities, attributes, or relations
• Characteristic of or belonging to reality as perceived rather than as independent of mind:
phenomenal
• Relating to or being experience or knowledge as conditioned by personal mental characteristics
or states
• Peculiar to a particular individual: personal <subjective judgments
• Modified or affected by personal views, experience, or background <a subjective account of the
incident>
• Arising from conditions within the brain or sense organs and not directly caused by external
stimuli <subjective sensations>
• Arising out of or identified by means of one’s perception of one’s own states and processes <a
subjective symptom of disease>
• Lacking in reality or substance: illusory
• SYNONYM
• Idiomatic, individualized, particular, patented, peculiar, personal, personalized, private, privy,
separate, singular, individual, unique
• ANTONYM
• General, generic, popular, public, shared, universa;l
 SUBORDINATE
Word No. 433

• MEANING
• Placed in or occupying a lower class, rank, or position: inferior <a subordinate
officer>
• Submissive to or controlled by authority
• Of relating to, or constituting a clause that functions as a noun, adjective, or
adverb
• Subordinating
• One who stands in order or rank below another: one that is subordinate
• To make subject or subservient
• To treat as of less value or importance <stylist… whose crystalline prose
subordinates content to form – Susan Heath>
• SYNONYM
• Inferior, junior, less, lower, minor, smaller, lesser
• ANTONYM
• Greater, higher, major, more, primary, prime, senior, superior, superordinate
 SUCCINCT
Word No. 475

• MEANING
• Being girded
• Close-fitting
• Marked by compact precise expression without wasted words <a
succinct description>
• SYNONYM
• Concise, aphoristic, apothegmatic, brief, capsule, compact,
compendious, crisp, curt, elliptical (or elliptic), epigrammatic,
laconic, monosyllabic, pithy, sentenious, concise, monosyllabic,
pithy, sententious, concise, summary, telegraphic, terse, thumbnail
• ANTONYM
• Circuitous, circumlocutory, diffuse, long-winded, prolix, rambling,
verbose, windy, wordy
 SUPERFLUITY
Word No. 476

• MEANING
• Excess, oversupply
• Something unnecessary or superfluous
• Immoderate and especially luxurious living, habits or desires
• SYNONYM
• Amenity, comfort, extra, frill, indulgence, luxury
• ANTONYM
• Basic, essential, fundamental, must, necessity, requirement
 SUPERFLUOUS
Word No. 477

• MEANING
• Exceeding what is sufficient or necessary: extra
• Not needed: unnecessary
• Obsolete: marked by wastefulness: extravagant
• SYNONYM
• Excess, extra, redundant, supererogatory, spare, supernumenary,
surplus
• ANTONYM
 SUPERSEDE
Word No. 478

• MEANING
• To cause to be set aside
• To force out of use as inferior
• To take the place or position of
• To displace in favor of another
• SYNONYM
• Replace
• ANTONYM
 SUPPRESS
Word No. 479

• MEANING
• To put down by authority or force: subdue <suppress a riot>
• To keep from public knowledge: as
• To keep secret
• To stop or prohibit the publication or revelation of <suppress the test results
• To exclude from consciousness
• To keep from giving vent to: check <suppressed her anger>
• Obsolete: to press down
• To restrain from usual course or action <suppress a cough>
• To inhibit the growth or development of
• To inhibit the genetic expression of <suppress a mutation>
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 SURLY
Word No. 480

• MEANING
• Menacing or threatening in appearance <surly weather>
• Obsolete: arrogant, imperious
• Irritably sullen and churlish in mood or manner: crabbed
• SYNONYM
• Glum, mopey, pouting, pouty, sullen, sulky
• ANTONYM
• Amiable, good-humored, good-natured, good-tempered
 SUSCEPTIBLE
Word No. 481

• MEANING
• Capable of submitting to an action, process, or operation <a theory
susceptible to proof>
• Open, subject, or unresistant to some stimulus, influence, or
agency <susceptible to pneumonia>
• Impressionable, responsive <a susceptible mind>
• SYNONYM
• Endangered, exposed, open, sensitive, subject (to), liable,
vulnerable
• ANTONYM
• Insusceptible, invulnerable, unexposed, unsusceptible
 SYLVAN
Word No. 482

• MEANING
• One that frequents groves or woods
• Living or located in the woods or forest
• Of, relating to, or characteristic of the woods or forest
• Made, shaped, or formed of woods or trees
• Abounding in woods, groves, or trees: wooded
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 SYNCHRONOUS
Word No. 484

• MEANING
• Happening, existing, or arising at precisely the same time
• Recurring or operating at exactly the same periods
• Involving or indicating synchronism
• Having the same period; also: having the same period and phase
• Geostationary
• Of, used in, or being digital communication (as between computers) in which a
common timing signal is established that dictates when individual bits can be
transmitted and which allows for very high rates of data transfer
• SYNONYM
• Coetaneous, coeval, coexistent, coexisting, coextensive, coincident,
coincidental, concurrent, contemporaneous, coterminous, simultaneous,
synchronic, contemporary
• ANTONYM
• Asynchronous, noncontemporary, nonsimultaneous, nonsynchronous
 SYNTHESIS
Word No. 484

• MEANING
• The composition or combination of parts or elements so as to form a whole
• The production of a substance by the union of chemical elements, groups, or
simpler compounds or by the degradation of a complex compound
• The combining of often diverse conceptions into a coherent whole; also: the
complex so formed
• Deductive reasoning
• The dialectic combination of thesis and antithesis into a higher stage of truth
• The frequent and systematic use of inflected forms as characteristic device of a
language
• SYNONYM
• Admixture, alloy, amalgam, amalgamation, cocktail, combination, composite,
compound, conflation, emulsion, fusion, intermixture, meld, mix, mixture, blend
• ANTONYM
 TABLEAU
Word No. 480

• MEANING
• A graphic description or representation: picture <winsome tableaux
of old-fashioned literary days – J.D. Hart>
• A striking or artistic grouping: arrangement, scene
• A depiction of a scene usually presented on a stage by silent and
motionless costumed participants
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 TACIT
Word No. 486

• MEANING
• Expressed or carried on without words or speech <the blush was a
tacit answer – Bram Stoker>
• Implied or indicated (as by an act or by silence) but not actually
expressed <tacit consent> <tacit admission of guilt>
• SYNONYM
• Implied, implicit, unexpressed, unspoken, unvoiced, wordless
• ANTONYM
• Explicit, express, expressed, spoken, stated, voiced
 TANGENTIAL
Word No. 487

• MEANING
• Of, relating to, or of the nature of a tangent
• Acting along or lying in a tangent <tangential forces>
• Divergent, digressive
• Touching lightly: incidental, peripheral <tangential involvement>;
also: of little relevance <arguments tangential to the main point>
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 TANTALIZE
Word No. 488

• MEANING
• To tease or torment by or as if by presenting something desirable to
the view but continually keeping it out of reach
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 TAPESTRY
Word No. 489

• MEANING
• A heavy hand woven reversible textile used for hangings, curtains,
and upholstery and characterized by complicated pictorial designs
• A nonreversible imitation of tapestry used chiefly for upholstery
• Embroidery on canvas resembling woven tapestry <needlepoint
tapestry>
• Something resembling tapestry (as in complexity or richness of
design) <nature’s rich tapestry>
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 TAWDRY
Word No. 490

• MEANING
• Cheap and gaudy in appearance or quality; also: ignoble <a tawdry
attempt to smear his opponent>
• Ostentatiously or tastelessly ornamented
• Marked by extravagance or tasteless showiness: outlandish
<gaudy lies> <gaudy claims>; also exceptional <a gaudy batting
average>
• SYNONYM
• Gaudy, flamboyant, flaring, garish, glitzy, loud, noisy, ostentatious,
razzle-dazzle, splashy, swank (or swanky)
• ANTONYM
• Conservative, quiet, understated, unflamboyant, unflashy
 TEMPERAMENT
Word No. 491

• MEANING
• A constitution of a substance, body, or organism with respect to the
mixture or balance of its elements, qualities, or parts: makeup
• Climate, temperature
• The peculiar or distinguishing mental or physical character determined by
the relative proportions of the humors according to medieval physiology
• Characteristic or habitual inclination or mode of emotional response <a
nervous temperament>
• Extremely high sensibility; especially: excessive sensitiveness or
irritability
• The act or process of tempering or modifying: adjustment, compromise
• The slight modification of acoustically pure intervals in tuning a musical
instrument; especially: modification that produces a set of 12 equally
spaced tones in the octave
• SYNONYM
• Grain, nature, temper, disposition
• ANTONYM
 TENTATIVE
Word No. 492

• MEANING
• Not fully worked out or developed <tentative plans>
• Hesitant, uncertain <a tentative smile>
• SYNONYM
• Conditional, contingent (on or upon), subject (to), dependent
• ANTONYM
• Independent, unconditional
 TENUOUS
Word No. 493

• MEANING
• Not dense: rare <a tenuous fluid>
• Not thick: slender <a tenuous rope>
• Having little substance or strength: flimsy, weak <tenuous
influences>
• Shaky <tenuous reasons>
• SYNONYM
• Thin, bony (also boney), fatless, lean, lithe, skinny, slender, slim,
spare, svelte
• ANTONYM
• Chubby, corpulent, fat, gross, obese, overweight, plump, portly,
rotund, tubby
 TEPID
Word No. 494

• MEANING
• Moderately warm: lukewarm <a tepid bath>
• Lacking in passion, force, or zest <tepid poetry>
• Marked by an absence of enthusiasm or conviction <a tepid
interest> <a tepid response>
• SYNONYM
• Halfhearted, lukewarm, uneager, unenthusiastic
• ANTONYM
• Eager, enthusiastic, hearty, keen, passionate, warm, wholhearted
 TERSE
Word No. 495

• MEANING
• Smoothly elegant: polished
• Using few words: devoid of superfluity <a terse summary>; also:
short, brusque <dismissed me with a terse “no”>
• SYNONYM
• Aphoristic, apothegmatic, brief, capsule, compact, compendious,
crisp, curt, elliptical (or elliptic), epigrammatic, laconic,
monosyllabic, pithy, sententious, succinct, summary, telegraphic,
concise, thumbnail
• ANTONYM
• Circuitous, circumlocutory, diffuse, long-winded, prolix, rambling,
verbose, windy, wordy
 THWART
Word No. 496

• MEANING
• To run counter to so as to effectively oppose or baffle: contravene
• To oppose successfully: defeat the hopes or aspirations of
• To pass through or across
• Situated or placed across something else
• SYNONYM
• Frustrate, foil, baffle, balk
• ANTONYM
 TIMOROUS
Word No. 497

• MEANING
• Of a timid disposition: fearful <reproached myself with being so
timorous and cautious – Daniel Defoe>
• Expressing or suggesting timidity <proceed with doubtful and
timorous steps – Edward Gibbon>
• SYNONYM
• Fainthearted, fearful, fearsome, mousy (or mousey), scary, skittish,
timid, shy, tremulous
• ANTONYM
• Adventuresome, adventurous, audacious, bold, daring, dashing,
gutsy, hardy, venturesome, venturous
 TIRADE
Word No. 498

• MEANING
• A protracted speech usually marked by intemperate, vituperative or
harshly censorious language
• SYNONYM
• Diatribe, harangue, jeremiad, philippic, rant
• ANTONYM
 TOADY
Word No. 499

• MEANING
• One who flatters in the hope of gaining favors: sycophant
• SYNONYM
• Apple-polisher, bootlicker, brownnoser, fawner, flunky (also flunkey
or flunkie), lickspittle, suck-up, sycophant
• ANTONYM
 TORQUE
Word No. 500

• MEANING
• A usually metal collar or neck chain worn by the ancient Gauls,
Germans and Britons
• A force that produces or tends to produce rotation or torsion <an
automobile engine delivers torque to the drive shaft>; also: a
measure of the effectiveness of such a force that consists of the
product of the force and the perpendicular distance fro the line of
action of the force to the axis of rotation
• A turning or twisting force
• To impart torque to: to cause to twist (as about an axis)
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 TORTUOUS
Word No. 501

• MEANING
• Marked by repeated twists, bends, or turns: winding <a tortuous
path>
• Marked by devious or indirect tactics: crooked, tricky <a tortuous
conspiracy>
• Circuitous, involved <the tortuous jargon of legal forms>
• SYNONYM
• Bending, crazy, curled, curling, curved, curving, curvy, devious,
serpentine, sinuous, crooked, twisted, twisting, winding, windy
• ANTONYM
• Straight, straightaway
 TOUT
Word No. 502

• MEANING
• To spy on: watch
• British: to spy out information about (as a racing stable or horse)
• To give tips or solicit bets on (a racehorse)
• To solicit, peddle, or persuade importunately <not meant to tout you off to the
movie – Russell Baker>
• To make much of: promote, talk up <touted as the summer’s blockbuster
movie> <the college’s much touted women’s studies program>
• To solicit patronage
• Chiefly British: to spy on racehorses in training to gain information for betting
• To give a tip or solicit bets on a racehorse
• SYNONYM
• Ballyhoo, blow up, crack up, cry up, glorify, trumpet, tub-thump
• ANTONYM
• Knock, pan, slam
 TRANSCENDENTAL
Word No. 503

• MEANING
• Transcendent
• Supernatural
• Abstruse, abstract
• Of or relating to transcendentalism
• Incapable of being the root of an algebraic equation with rational coefficients <pi
is a transcendental number>
• Being, involving, or representing a function (as sin x, log x, e raised to x) that
cannot be expressed by a finite number of algebraic operations <transcendental
curves>
• In Kantian philosophy: of or relating to experience as determined by the mind’s
makeup
• Transcending experience but not human knowledge
• SYNONYM
• Metaphysical, otherworldly, paranormal, preternatural, transcendent,
supernatural, unearthly
• ANTONYM
• natural
 TRANSPOSE
Word No. 504

• MEANING
• To change in form or nature: transform
• To render into another language, style or manner of expression: translate
• To transfer from one place or period to another: shift
• To change the relative place or normal order of: alter the sequence of
<transpose letters to change the spelling>
• To write or perform (a musical composition) in a different key
• To bring (a term) from one side of an algebraic equation to the other with
change of sign
• A matrix formed from another matrix by interchanging the rows and columns
• SYNONYM
• reverse
• ANTONYM
 TRAVESTY
Word No. 505

• MEANING
• To make a travesty of: parody
• A burlesque translation or literary or artistic imitation usually
grotesquely incongruous in style, treatment, or subject matter
• A debased, distorted, or grossly inferior imitation <a travesty of
justice>
• SYNONYM
• Caricature, cartoon, farce, joke, parody, sham, mockery
• ANTONYM
• Meiosis, understatement
 TRITE
Word No. 506

• MEANING
• Hackneyed or boring form much use: not fresh or original
• SYNONYM
• Banal, cliché, cliched, cobwebby, commonplace, hack, hackney,
hackneyed, moth-eaten, musty, obligatory, shopworn, stereotyped,
threadbare, timeworn, tired, stale, well-worn
• ANTONYM
• Fresh, new, novel, original, uncliched, unhackneyed
 TRIVIAL
Word No. 507

• MEANING
• Commonplace, ordinary
• Of little worth or importance <a trivial objection> <trivial problems>
• Relating to or being the mathematically simplest case; specifically:
characterized by having all variables equal to zero <a trivial solution to
a linear equation>
• SYNONYM
• Fiddling, foolish, frivolous, incidental, inconsequential, inconsiderable,
insignificant, little, Mickey Mouse, minor, minute, negligible, nugatory,
slight, small, small-fry, trifling, unimportant
• ANTONYM
• Big, consequential, eventful, important, major, material, meaningful,
momentous, significant, substantial, unfrivolous, weighty
 TROUPE
Word No. 508

• MEANING
• Company, troop; especially: a group of theatrical performers
• SYNONYM
• Troop, company
• ANTONYM
 TRUCULENT
Word No. 509

• MEANING
• Feeling or displaying ferocity: cruel, savage
• Deadly, destructive
• Scathingly harsh: vitriolic <truculent criticism>
• Aggressively self-assertive: belligerent
• SYNONYM
• Aggressive, agonistic, argumentative, assaultive, bellicose, brawly,
chippy, combative, confrontational, contentious, discordant,
disputatious, feisty, gladiatorial, militant, pugnacious, quarrelsome,
scrappy, belligerent, warlike
• ANTONYM
• Nonaggressive, nonbelligerent, pacific, peaceable, peaceful,
unbelligerent, uncombative, uncontentious
 TRYST
Word No. 510

• MEANING
• An agreement (as between lovers) to meet
• An appointed meeting or meeting place
• SYNONYM
• Appointment, assignation, date, rendezvous, engagement
• ANTONYM
 TURBID
Word No. 511

• MEANING
• Thick or opaque with or as if with roiled sediment <a turbid stream>
• Heavy with smoke or mist
• Deficient in clarity or purity: foul, muddy <turbid depths of
degradation and misery – C.I. Glicksberg>
• Characterized by or producing obscurity (as of mind or emotions)
<an emotionally turbid response>
• SYNONYM
• Muddy, riley, roiled, cloudy
• ANTONYM
• Clear, crystal clear, crystalline
 TYRO
Word No. 512

• MEANING
• Usage: often attributive
• A beginner in learning: novice
• SYNONYM
• Abecedarian, amateur, apprentice, babe, colt, cub, fledgling,
freshman, greenhorn, neophyte, newbie, newcomer, novice,
novitiate, punk, recruit, rook, rookie, tenderfoot, beginner, virgin
• ANTONYM
• Old hand, old-timer, vet, veteran
 UBIQUITOUS
Word No. 513

• MEANING
• Existing or being everywhere at the same time: constantly
encountered: widespread <a ubiquitous fashion>
• SYNONYM
• Common or garden [chiefly British], commonplace, everyday,
familiar, frequent, garden-variety, household, ordinary, quotidian,
routine, common, usual
• ANTONYM
• Extraordinary, infrequent, rare, seldom, uncommon, unfamiliar,
unusual
 UNASSAILABLE
Word No. 514

• MEANING
• Not assailable: not liable to doubt, attack or question <unassailable
argument> <an unassailable alibi>
• SYNONYM
• Hallowed, holy, inviolable, sacrosanct, sacred, untouchable
• ANTONYM
 UNEQUIVOCAL
Word No. 515

• MEANING
• Leaving no doubt: clear, unambiguous
• Unquestionable <production of unequivocal masterpieces – Carole
Cook>
• SYNONYM
• Apparent, bald, bald-faced, barefaced, bright-line, broad, clear-cut,
crystal clear, decided, distinct, evident, lucid, luculent, luminous,
manifest, non-ambiguous, obvious, open-and-shut, palpable, patent
pellucid, perspicuous, plain, ringing, straightforward, transparent,
unambiguous, unambivalent, clear, unmistakable
• ANTONYM
• Ambiguous, clouded, cryptic, dark, enigmatic (also enigmatical),
equivocal, indistinct, mysterious, nonobvious, obfuscated, obscure,
unapparent, unclarified, unclear, unclouded
 UNKEMPT
Word No. 516

• MEANING
• Not combed <unkempt hair>
• Deficient in order or neatness <unkempt individuals> <unkempt
hotel rooms>; also: rough, unpolished <unkempt prose>
• SYNONYM
• Chaotic, cluttered, confused, disarranged, disarrayed, disheveled
(or dishevelled), disordered, disorderly, higgledy-piggledy, hugger-
mugger, jumbled, littered, messed, muddled, mussed, mussy, pell-
mell, rumpled, sloppy, topsy-turvy, tousled, tumbled, messy, untidy,
upside-down
• ANTONYM
• Bandbox, crisp, kempt, neat, neatened, ordered, orderly, organized,
shipshape, snug, tidied, tidy, trim, uncluttered, well-ordered
 UNPREPOSSESSING
Word No. 517

• MEANING
• Archaic: not creating prejudice
• Not tending to create a favorable impression: unattractive
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 UNSCRUPULOUS
Word No. 518

• MEANING
• Not scrupulous: unprincipled
• SYNONYM
• Cutthroat, immoral, Machiavellian, unconscionable, unethical,
unprincipled
• ANTONYM
• Ethical, moral, principled, scrupulous
 URBANE
Word No. 519

• MEANING
• Notably polite or polished in manner
• SYNONYM
• Debonair, smooth sophisticated, svelte, suave
• ANTONYM
• Boorish, churlish, classless, clownish, loutish, uncouth
 VANQUISH
Word No. 520

• MEANING
• To overcome in battle: subdue completely
• To defeat in conflict or contest
• To gain mastery over (an emotion, passion, or temptation)
<vanquish your fear>
• SYNONYM
• Conquer, dominate, overpower, pacify, subdue, subject, subjugate,
subordinate, vanquish
• ANTONYM
• Lose (to)
 VAPID
Word No. 521

• MEANING
• Lacking liveliness, tang, briskness, or force: flat, dull <a gossipy,
vapid woman, obsessed by her own elegance – R.F. Delderfield>
<London was not all vapid dissipation – V.S. Pritchett>
• SYNONYM
• Insipid, dead, flat, flavorless, savorless, tasteless, unsavory
• ANTONYM
• Flavorful, flavorsome, sapid, savory (also savoury), tasteful, tasty
 VARIANCE
Word No. 522

• MEANING
• The fact, quality, or state of being variable or variant: difference, variation
<yearly variance in crops>
• The fact or state of being in disagreement: dissension, dispute
• A disagreement between two parts of the same legal proceeding that must be
consonant
• A license to do some act contrary to the usual rule <a zoning variance>
• The square of the standard deviation
• SYNONYM
• Conflict, disaccord, discordance, discordancy, disharmony, dissension (also
dissention), dissent, dissidence, dissonance, disunion, disunity, division,
friction, infighting, inharmony, schism, strife, discord, war, warfare
• ANTONYM
• Accord, agreement, concord, concordance, harmony, peace
 VERACITY
Word No. 523

• MEANING
• Devotion to the truth: truthfulness
• Power of conveying or perceiving truth
• Conformity with truth or fact: accuracy
• Something true <makes lies sound like veracities>
• SYNONYM
• Integrity, probity, truthfulness, honesty, verity
• ANTONYM
• Deceit, deceitfulness, dishonesty, lying, mendaciousness,
mendacity, untruthfulness
 VERBIAGE
Word No. 524

• MEANING
• A profusion of words usually of little or obscure content <such a
tangled maze of evasive verbiage as a typical party platform –
Marcia Davenport>
• Manner of expressing oneself in words: diction <sportswriters
guarded their verbiage so jealously – R.A. Sokolov>
• SYNONYM
• Circumlocution, diffuseness, diffusion, garrulity, garrulousness,
logorrhea, long-windedness, periphrasis, prolixity, redundancy,
verbalism, verboseness, verbosity, windiness, wordage, wordiness
• ANTONYM
 Word No. 525
VERNACULAR
• MEANING
• Using a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary,
cultured, or foreign language
• Of, relating to, or being a nonstandard language or dialect of a place, region,
or country
• Of, relating to, or being the normal spoken form of a language
• Applied to a plant or animal in the common native speech distinguished from
the Latin nomenclature of scientific classification <the vernacular name>
• Of, relating to, or characteristic of a period, place, or group; especially: of,
relating to, or being the common building style of a period or place
<vernacular architecture>
• A vernacular language, expression, or mode of expression: an expression or
mode of expression that occurs in ordinary speech rather than formal writing
• The mode of expression of a group or class
• SYNONYM
• Conversational, informal, nonformal, nonliterary, unbookish, unliterary,
colloquial, vulgar
• ANTONYM
• Bookish, formal, learned, literary
 VESTIGE
Word No. 526

• MEANING
• A trace, mark, or visible sign left by something (as an ancient city or
a condition or practice) vanished or lost: smallest quantity or trance
• Footprint
• A bodily part or organ that is small and degenerate or imperfectly
developed in comparison to one more fully developed in an earlier
stage of the individual, in a past generation, or in closely related
forms
• SYNONYM
• Trace, echo, ghost, relic, shadow
• ANTONYM
 VIABLE Word No. 527

• MEANING
• Capable of living, especially: having attained such form and
development as to be normally capable of surviving outside the
mother’s womb <a viable fetus>
• Capable of growing or developing <viable seeds> <viable eggs>
• Capable of working, functioning, or developing adequately <viable
alternatives>
• Capable of existence and development as an independent unit <the
colony is now a viable state>
• Having a reasonable chance of succeeding <a viable candidate>
• Financially sustainable <a viable enterprise>
• SYNONYM
• Achievable, attainable, doable, feasible, practicable, realizable,
possible, workable
• ANTONYM
• Hopeless, impossible, impracticable, infeasible, nonviable,
unattainable, undoable, unfeasible, unrealizable, unviable,
unworkable
 VIE
Word No. 528

• MEANING
• Archaic: wager, hazard; also: to exchange in rivalry: match
• To strive for superiority: contend, compete
• SYNONYM
• Battle, contend, face off, fight, race, rival, compete
• ANTONYM
 VIGILANT
Word No. 529

• MEANING
• Alertly watchful especially to avoid danger
• SYNONYM
• Argus-eyed, attentive, awake, observant, open-eyed, tenty (also
tentie) [Scottish], alert, watchful, wide-awake
• ANTONYM
• Asleep
 VILIFY
Word No. 530

• MEANING
• To lower in estimation or importance
• To utter slanderous and abusive statements against: defame
• SYNONYM
• Malign, bad [slang], bitchy, catty, cruel, despiteful, malevolent,
malicious, hateful, malignant, mean, nasty, spiteful, vicious, virulent
• ANTONYM
• Benevolent, benign, benignant, loving, unmalicious
 VIM
Word No. 531

• MEANING
• Robust energy and enthusiasm
• SYNONYM
• Beans, bounce, brio, dash, drive, dynamism, energy, esprit, gas,
get-up-and-go, ginger, go, gusto, hardihood, juice, life, moxie,
oomph, pep, punch, sap, snap, starch, verve, vigor, vinegar, vitality,
zing, zip
• ANTONYM
• Lethargy, listlessness, sluggishness, torpidity
 VINDICTIVE
Word No. 532

• MEANING
• Disposed to seek revenge: vengeful
• Intended for or involving revenge
• Intended to cause anguish or hurt: spiteful
• SYNONYM
• Revengeful, vengeful
• ANTONYM
 VISCOUS
Word No. 533

• MEANING
• Viscid
• Having or characterized by viscosity <viscous lava>
• SYNONYM
• Ropy (also ropey), syrupy, viscid, thick
• ANTONYM
• Runny, soupy, thin, watery
 VITUPERATE
Word No. 534

• MEANING
• To abuse or censure severely or abusively: berate
• To use harsh condemnatory language
• SYNONYM
• Abuse, assail, bash, belabor, blast, castigate, excoriate, jump (on),
lambaste (or lambast), potshot, savage, scathe, slam, trash, attack
• ANTONYM
 VIVACIOUS
Word No. 535

• MEANING
• Lively in temper, conduct, or spirit: sprightly
• SYNONYM
• Lively, active, airy, animate, animated, bouncing, brisk, energetic,
frisky, gay, jaunty, jazzy, kinetic, mettlesome, peppy, perky, pert,
pizzazzy (or pizazzy), racy, snappy, spanking, sparky, spirited,
sprightly, springy, vital, lively, zippy
• ANTONYM
• Dead, inactive, inanimate, lackadaisical, languid, languishin,
languorous, leaden, lifeless, limp, listless, spiritless, vapid
 Word No. 536

• MEANING VOLATILE
• Readily vaporizable at a relatively low temperature
• Flying or having the power to fly
• Lighthearted, lively
• Easily aroused <volatile suspicions>
• Tending to erupt into violence: explosive <a volatile temper>
• Unable to hold the attention fixed because of an inherent lightness or
fickleness of disposition
• Characterized by or subject to rapid or unexpected change <a volatile
market>
• Difficult to capture or hold permanently: evanescent, transitory
• SYNONYM
• Capricious, changeable, changeful, flickery, fluctuating, fluid,
inconsistent, inconstant, mercurial, mutable, skittish, temperamental,
uncertain, unpredictable, unsettled, unstable, unsteady, variable, fickle
• ANTONYM
• Certain, changeless, constant, immutable, invariable, predictable,
settled, stable, stationary, steady, unchangeable, unchanging,
unvarying
 VOLUBLE
Word No. 537

• MEANING
• Easily rolling or turning: rotating
• Characterized by ready or rapid speech: glib, fluent
• SYNONYM
• Talkative, blabby, chatty, conversational, gabby, garrulous,
loquacious, motor mouthed, mouthy, talky
• ANTONYM
• Closemouthed, laconic, reserved, reticent, taciturn, tight-lipped,
uncommunicative
 WELTER
Word No. 538

• MEANING
• Writhe, toss; also: wallow
• To rise and fall or toss about in or with waves
• To become deeply sunk, soaked, or involved
• To be in turmoil
• A state of wild disorder: turmoil
• A chaotic mass or jumble <a bewildering welter of data>
• SYNONYM
• ANTONYM
 WHIMSY
Word No. 539

• MEANING
• Whim, caprice
• The quality or state of being whimsical or fanciful <the designer’s
new line showed a touch of whimsy>
• A fanciful or fantastic device, object, or creation especially in writing
or art
• SYNONYM
• Bee, caprice, crank, fancy, freak, humor, kink, maggot, megrim,
notion, vagary, vagrancy, whim (also whimsey)
• ANTONYM
 ZEALOT
Word No. 540

• MEANING
• Capitalized: a member of a fanatical sect arising in Judea during
the first century A.D. and militantly opposing the Roman domination
of Palestine
• A zealous person; especially: a fanatical partisan <a religious
zealot>
• SYNONYM
• Crusader, fanatic, ideologue (also idealogue), militant, partisan
(also partizan), red hot, true believer
• ANTONYM
• Nonmilitant