ey et ie ue eee ee a eae ar er eee ee eae tera ett) Recent res and control of soaring birds has produced an update to the Raven Il, two-channel glider model published in the Jan, 1994 issue of RCM (Plan #1 160), Wingtip ailerons now provide lateral control t much more "bird-like” than the drag flaps. The new tips also produce a glide angle that is noticeably improved over the original design The new control concept is based on tests that showed that the forward tip feathers ofa bird are set at fairly large negative angles of incidence in flight. These feathers are ‘apparently operating in a region of up-flow as the air flows around the wingtip and into the vortex which trails behind cach tip. These feathers can then produce some thrust (oF at least reduced drag) at the tips (Figure 1). By rotating these forward feathers along a spanwise axis (one leading-edge-up, and one lead down), a rolling moment is produced which results in effective lateral control, but without the adverse yaw associa probably similar to the method used by real birds. ‘The tip ailerons were added to my Raver Il while the drag flaps were still active, so that | could safely optimize control settings while still retaining a backup. This is an option if you are already flying a Raven II model, (Put the drag flap on the rudder channel andthe tip aileron on the aileron channel.) eventually removed the drag flap system and now rely solely ‘on the tip ailerons for roll control Preparatio. Ifyou are modifying an existing model, you should remove the covering from the bottom of the wing afi ofthe spar, as well as the top covering between ribs ! and 2 aft of the spar, Remove the center wing rib aft of the spar. Remove both wingtips. The original standard-size piteh servo should be replaced witha 418 RoMAdwen 2001 ed with normal ailerons. This is PCa ee ecm Ue MUL Lg Pea eee ed ee Re Raver I! in-flight with wingtip ailerons. The drag ete eee ene eee er a as micro-servo mounted in the location shown in the original behind the radio compartment) toprovide clearance for the two micto which will be mounted to the center section of the wing, aft of the main wing spar and directly above the pitch servo, Wing Modifications Start by cutting. two new inboard (roat) ribs (Rib #1TA) from 1/8" balsa. Glue these ribs in place at an angle such that they will be aligned with the fuselage sides when assembled. Cut the two servo plate supports (TA-2) from 3/16 Glue them to the inside of Ribs #1 TA as shown on the fuse side view. Next build the servo mounting plate (TA-L) from, i: at it Fits between the new inboard ribs at the wing center section, Mount the servos on the mounting plate. Set the mounting plate in position on the plate supports and check that the servo arms will be operating in the center portion of the thickness of the wing, and that they will remain clear of the wing upper surfice. Trim or shim the plate supports as necessary, Glue the mounting plate in place. Trim the outboard edges of the servo mounting plate so that the servos andl drawings (low in the fus This is neces: plywood, so:HT WG est FUSELAGE SIDE ViEW Plan ¥1160"A" must be used in conjunction with the original plan #1160. The alr flowing around a normal, square wingtip is angled up rather sharply just outboard of the tip as the wingtip vortex begins to form. The wingtip ailerons ‘operate in this region of upflow, thus eliminating the adverse yaw normally associated with aileron deflection. FIGURE 1: VORTEX FLOW ARGUND WINGTIP LEFT: Forward mounting blacks (left and right) with pivot wires and contro! horns in place. Notice the: ‘mounting plate will fit inside the fuselage sides on assembly. Do not use the grommet inserts when mounting the micro-servos. This will ensure a solid mount. Make patterns for the two aileron bellcranks and glue to apiece of 020" aluminum sheet (TA-3), Drill holes at the locations shown, then use tin snips to ‘cut out the bellcranks. Mount the belleranks to the wing spars at the location shown. Seta straightedge (or string) between the rear hole location on the bellcrank and the servo arm and ‘mark the ribs for the pushrod location, Cut holes in the center of each rib at the ‘marked locations for the pushrod outer tube. This: a straight shot, soa carbon fiber pushrod works great. Install the ppushrods and clevises in each wing to eonnect the servos to the belleranks. ‘Wingtip Aileron Construction ‘The wingtip planform is identical to the original planform, but each feather ismounted separately at a different angie of incidence. The forward three feathers are eut from 1/16" sheet and are mounted to a single block that will rotate about a spanwise axis. The aft three feathers are cut from 1/32” sheet and are mounted to another block that is glued directly to the end rib. ‘Start by cutting a forward and an aft mounting block (TA-4 and TA-5) for. ceach wing from 1/2" balsa sheet. These parts are three-cimensional in shape, so ‘se some care in carving them (see plans, and photos). Remember to builda left ‘and arightaileron, Take some extra pains twensure that the mounting angles for ‘each feather are fairly close to the drawings. cardboard template is helpful. Locate and drill the 1/16" hole in the forward blocks for the pivot wire. Bend the pivot wires to the shape shown sand epoxy them to the forward blocks. ‘Cut two control homs (TA-6) from 1/16" ply and drill the two holes. Cutan angle ‘on the inboard face of the forward |3-cimensionat shaping required for these parts. The forward feather will mount on top of the block, while the second and third feathers will mount on the bottom. RIGHT: Aft mounting blocks (left and right) with aft three feathers installed. 18 ACM March 2001Speed 600 RTF metal shown i ray iG! FMA Direct 9607 Dt. Peity Road - # 109 Vamsvilie, MD 21754 WES SITE: wwwimadirect.com Mastercard, VISA, Discover, and C.0.0.s accepted '$7.00 Shipping and Handling C.0.0. Add $5.50, EMAIL: — sales@fmadirect.com Bee ae See as SALES (800) 343 2934 TECH/SERVICE (301) 831 8985 mounting block so that the control ham. will mount perpendicular to the pivot tube on the pivot wire and set the aileron wire. Slide the horn over the pivot wire ‘assembly in place to establish the proper and glue the horn in place. location and angle for the pivot tube. ‘Cut two pivot supports from 1/8" ply Carefully epoxy the brass pivot tube to (TA-7). Cuttwo pieces of brass tubing the support block, being careful toavoid 1/16" inside diam.)t03/8" length and —_getting glue on the pivot wire. sand the outer surface for good glue Cut the aft three feathers frorn 1/32" adhesion, Locate andcut the hole inthe balsa (F-4, F-5, and F-6) and glue then end rib forthe aileron pivot tube to pass to theaft block. All three Feathers should through, and position the pivot support in be parallel to each other, spanwise, when the wing above the hole. Glue the pivot viewed from the front. support blocks in place. Slip the pivot eocas Pavey GO CHECKOUT OUR AL HEW WEB STE! CALL FOR FREE 2000 CATALOG! FAX (301) 831 8987 @ \WnEN onDenINo, se€ciry COLOR (8LU. wil OR GAY} ‘AND TX COMPATIBILITY (FH OR Alt) FOR FULL AT ‘5 INGSDAN: 48 INCHES eTiie> Bevel the inboard surface of the aft block so that feather #4 will have 7/8" dihedral relative to the bottom of the wing when the aft block is held against rib #10. Glue the aft feather blocks to the end rib (rib #10), i the front three feathers from balsa (F-1, ). Sand an airfoil shape to each feather except for the gluing area, Slide the pivot wire into the tube on the wingtip. Starting with feather #3, check each mounting surface LEFT: Bottom view of right wingtip aileron installation. Natice the cascading for the forward feather and ending with 0 degrees for the rear feather. covering. The plywood pivot support block, ‘skid are apparent in the rear bay. LEFT: Completed right wingtip ailerons ready to install on the airplane. RIGHT: Top view of left wingtip aileron installation, Forward ‘and aft mounting blocks have been contoured on top to transition from the wing airfoil shape to the individual feathers. incidence angles for all feathers starting with -27 degrees RIGHT: Bottom view of right wingtip aiferan before firal the brass tube, and the nylon retainer can be seen in the forward bay. 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FOX 46BB ABC SCHNUERLE ENGINE (Gootes eatipned with our ew Fox E-Z carburetor, FOX 60/74 BB RINGED PISTON OR FOX 60 ABC SCHNUERLE ENGINE Equioped win naw: EZ Single Needle carburetor, FOX MANUFACTURING COMPANY 5305 TOWSON AVENUE FORT SMITH, AR 72901 PHONE (501) 646-1656 FAK (001) 646-1757 CM March 2001 ‘Comuletenaciane wih each one Since dalers wal 60 Sentes snd 45 Coeivon We soil = Visa, WAC: Check, MO. rudd Faroe DAN PARSONS PRODUCTS. 11803 Fes Dr. NE ‘Alagus NM 87111 (Co 508) 296 2353 any dy 10 pon MST ax 805) 296-4595 2 ba danpars@workdnet at net toensure that the dihedral angle matches ‘the aft feathers when viewed from the front, Sand the mating surfaces on the forward block as necessary to align the feathers. Glue the third feather (F-3) in place on the bottom of the block. Glue the front feather (F-1) in place on the top ofthe block. Fit the second feather (F-2) to the bottom of the block, trimming as necessary around the horn and pivot, ‘wire, and glue in place. All ofthe feathers should be roughly parallel to ‘each other, spanwise, when viewed from the front, Make:sure that the mavernent of feather #3 will not interfere with feather #4. when the parts are mounted on the wing, The mounting blocks can now bbe sanded round and smooth on the top. ‘Complete the control installation by installing short lengths of 049" dia, wire ‘between the bellcranks and the control horns on each wing, Bend as necessary to set the neutral position for the tip aileron, Use nylon servo-arm retention ‘washers to hold the pivot wires in place, as well as the bellerank pushrods, A cover forthe top of the wing center section can be cut from a sheet of 1/32" ply with retention tabs glued to the front and back (TA-8). The plywood can be bowed toallow the tabs to engage. This allows easy access to the servos. BLUE RIDGE MACHINERY & TOOLS Machines and Tooling for Your Shop Our Catalog is still FREE 800-872-6500 5 box 536-Q, Hurricane, Wy 25525 304-562-3538 or Fax 304-562-5311 Showroom 2905 Putnam Ave, You can also view our Catalog Online www.blueridgemachinery.com Cover the wing with MonoKote or other film, using care to ensure adhesion tothe concave lower surface of the wing airfoil. The tip feathers can be either covered with MonoKote, or painted with two thin coats of black dope. Flying ‘The new ailerons do not solve the hi- start dilemma. I have had some success, but have also had some spectacular ‘crashes using a hi-start, [recommend either hand-launching on a slope, or launching from another R/C mothership as described in the 1994 article. The Center of Gravity should be-no farther aft than 7-5/8" forward of the ‘wing trailing edge. This might require shifting the teeeiver or battery forward since we have addled some weight aft Aileron control throws should be measured at the front of the forward feather relative to the wing leading edge. Full aileron should produce a deflection of plus and minus 1/2" For the first flights, set the aileron bias so that the leading edge ofeach aileron is about 1/16" below the leading edge of the end rib on both sides. Itis better to have too much negative incidence (droop at the leading edge) than too little, Ifyou are flying with a computerized transmitter, you can use the throttle command to bias both ailerons either up or down simultaneously, Start with a slight Jeading-edge-down setting and gradually move the ailerons back toward neutral while you are flying until you can do nice smooth turns. You should Find that there is a fairly narrow range of bins settings that provides good control —a "sweet spot” where the model flies very well, If you do not have a computer transmitter, you will have to adjust the bias slightly on successive flights until you achieve the best control. Don't go too far "up" with the bias since the oll effectiveness rapidly disappears (and actually reverses) as the negative incidence on these feathers becomes smaller. ‘The new tip feathers are even more susceptible to damage at landing, so | have installed a 2" wire skid fastened to rib #10 atthe trailing edge extending down and aft (see Photo #7). ‘The new wingtip aileron causes the ‘model to fly like an "aileron" airplane, rather than a "ruddler” airplane. Italso produces a rather remarkable improvement in the glide performance. The glide angle is now more like a high- aspect-ratio glider than the litle, short, stubby-winged "bird” that itis. Contact me through RCM and tell me of your experience with this model. >FUSELAGE SIDE VIEW. Plan #1160"A" must be used in conjunction with the original plan #1160,