Bed Pans

 
A bed pan can be an important piece of equipment for the chronically ill or bed-bound. Bed pans
protect your bedding from incontinence and any spillages that may happen. If you are less mobile
and can’t get to the toilet, they will give you peace of mind that you can go to the toilet without
leaving your bed. The bed pans can be used in a range of positions while the users are laid in bed or
sat on the sofa. The design of the bed pan means that it is easy to use and will safely and cleanly
collect liquids and faeces.
 
The main designs of Bed Pans you will find include the following:

Regular or Highback Bed Pan

Bedpans or Highback Bed Pan are usually constructed of stainless steel, which is easy to clean and
durable, but may be cold, hard, and uncomfortable to use. Also, the supporting area of some
products is very small, and prolonged use can cause pressure ulcers. To solve these problems,
ergonomic bedpans have been developed, which support the patient with a larger area of less-
conductive plastic

 
 
Slipper or Fracture pans 
 

 
Slipper bed pans are ideal for users that are lying down often as they can be easily positioned into
place. Slipper pans are often fitted with handles, making them easy and comfortable to use. You can
also find variations of slipper pans fitted with a lid in order to prevent spillages. Shapes of slipper
pans available include rounded, rectangular and more.
 
 
Slipper pans are designed for people recuperating from a bone fracture or surgery to the lower body
and are unable to sit up.
 
 
Disposable Pulp Bed Pans
 

 
 
You can also find disposable bedpans that are made of recycled (pulp) paper. These pans are more
suited to hospital and care home use rather than personal use at home. Disposable bed pans need
to be used with a special bed pan support holder.
 
Pulp paper bedpans require specialist handling and equipment for disposal, known as a macerator.
This is why they are mainly used in hospitals and care homes. Disposable products are suitable for
short term use but for longer term use, a plastic re-usable product will be a much better option.
 
 
Commode Pans

 
 
Commode pans are cost-effective, easy to use items which provide a hygienic, single-use solution to
incontinence. They are environmentally friendly and can be disposed of in a macerator. Certain
styles such as the cutaway commode can be used under some commode chairs, but this should be
checked with the bedpan and commode chair manufacturer. The single use reduces the risk of
infection and means that each item is clean and hygienic.
 
 
It is useful to note that many bedpans are now available to purchase with a lid and these reduce the
risk of spills and odours and are more pleasant for the user or carer to carry. However, if you are
looking to buy this product, you must ensure that the lid fits securely but is also easy to remove.
Most plastic bedpans come with a carry handle or in the case of slipper pans, have a long handle to
assist placing the bedpan under immobile patients.
 
 
 
Urinals
 
The bed urinal is a device that lets you pass urine in bed, and this is stored in a bottle so it can be
disposed of safely. Urinals are available for both men and women with specific shapes designed to
fit a female or male body. Urinals make it much easier for you to pass urine in bed and can provide
you with confidence that you will not have to make a lot of bathroom visits during the night.
Urinals are shaped like a bottle and the average urinal can hold up to 1 litre of urine, around one and
a half pints. It is always best to check with the manufactures instruction before use to see exactly
what the urinal can hold.
  

 
Male urinal bottles
 
The urinal bottle is often perceived as the best option in comparison to a bed pan for men when
urinating, irrespective of whether the user is upright or lying down. Most male handheld urinal bottles
are very similar in size and shape with a narrowed opening at the ‘neck’ of the bottle.
 

 
Male urinal bottle with handle
 

Male urinal bottles with handles are easier to use since it provides
much more control to the person urinating,
 
 
 
Male urinal bottle without the handle
 

Although the same with male urinal bottles with a handle, urinal bottles without a handle serves the
same purpose but with lesser control
Female Urinals

This type of female is recommended for individuals who have limited mobility and can support
themselves when sitting or standing. Hand-held devices are also useful if you would like the
freedom to dispose of the urine without assistance and reuse the device easily. There are
several different styles of hand-held urinals, including:[2]

 Jug shaped: This is a common style for female urinals, with a deep and open receptacle that is
easy to urinate in. You can use them while standing or sitting.

 Bottle shaped: This is another common style that consists of a narrow, hollow chamber with an
opening that is designed to fit the female anatomy. You can use bottle-shaped urinals when
standing or sitting in a chair with your pelvis tilted slightly forward. Some brands of this style
are also made use when lying down or on your side.

 Dish-shaped: This style has a flat base and is shallow, with a cover that surrounds the central
opening of the urinal. You can insert this style under you when you are in bed or a chair.
  Lapee is an industrial-standard female urinal for festivals and outdoor events that allows
people to pee sitting down quickly and safely.

 
The different layers of Perineum

1.)Skin - is the layer of usually soft, flexible outer tissue covering the body of a vertebrate animal, with
three main functions: protection, regulation, and sensation.

2.) : subcutaneous tissue divided into two layers (a) superficial fatty layer, and (b) Colles' fascia, a
deeper, membranous layer

3.) deep perineal fascia and muscles:

-Superficial perineal pouch
 -Inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm, or perineal membrane
-Deep perineal pouch
-Superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm

4.) fascia and muscles of pelvic floor (levator ani, coccygeus)

https://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Female-Urinal
https://www.dezeen.com/2019/07/18/lapee-female-urinal-women-toilet-music-festivals/
https://www.incontinencesupermarket.co.uk/blog/product-guides/guide-different-types-bed-pans-
urinals
 Bunker Rosdahl, Caroline; Kowalski, Mary T. (2008).  Textbook of basic nursing  (9th ed.). Philadelphia:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 648.  ISBN  0781765218. Retrieved March 29, 2012.