Crime and Deviance

• Crime
an action or omission that constitutes an offense that
may be prosecuted by the state and is punishable by
law.
 
• Deviance

Getting engaged in differing from a norm or from the

accepted standards of a society.
 Deviance vs Crime
• Deviance is behavior that violates norms and
rules of society, and crime is a type of
deviant behavior that violates the formal
criminal law.

• Deviance is not necessarilly punishable while

crime is punishable.
 Cyber Crime
• UN- (2000) defines cyber crime in the way,
“Cyber crime in a broader sense ("computer-
related crime"): any illegal behaviour
committed by means of, or in relation to, a
computer system or network, including such
crimes as illegal possession, offering or
distributing information by means of a
computer system or network.”
 Types of Cyber Crimes
• Hacking

Hacking is the gaining of access (wanted or unwanted) to a computer and viewing,

copying, or creating data (leaving a trace) without the permission of the actual
owner of the object.
 
• Spamming

Spam is flooding the Internet with many copies of the same message, in an
attempt to force the message on people who would not otherwise choose to
receive it 
 
• Spreading Virus
 
“A computer virus is one of thousands of programs that can invade computer
systems and perform a variety of functions ranging from annoying e.g., popping
up messages as a joke to dangerous e.g., deleting files or destroying your hard
disk. And, in this study also the term has been used to mean the very similar
meaning.
 Types of Cyber Crimes
• Pornography

According to The Pornography Control Act 2012 in Bangladesh, “The definition of

Pornography includes production and dissemination of video documentary,
audio-visual materials, graphics, books, periodicals, sculpture, cartoon, leaflet
and imaginary statue using uncivil dialogue and picture, body movement, naked
dance, etc. which may create sexual appeal.” In this study the term has been
used to mean the participation in, production and distribution of obscene
dialogue and picture, body movement, naked dance, etc. which may create sexual
appeal.

• Cyber Stalking

This is a kind of online harassment wherein the victim is subjected to a barrage of

online messages and emails. Typically, these stalkers know their victims and
instead of resorting to offline stalking, they use the Internet to stalk.
 Types of Cyber Crimes
• Malicious Software

Malicious software is the inclusion of the software intentionally in a

system for a harmful purpose. These are Internet-based
software or programs that are used to disrupt a network. The
software is used to gain access to a system to steal sensitive
information or data or causing damage to software present in the
system.
 
• Email spoofing
 
Email Spoofing is the creation of email messages with a fake
sender address.
 Types of Cyber Crimes
• Identity Theft

An unauthorized party uses your personally identifying information,

such as your name, address, Social Security Number (SSN), or
credit card or bank account information to assume your identity
in order to commit fraud or other criminal acts.
 
• Piracy
 
Piracy involves the dissemination of copyrighted materials like
books, songs, softwares etc. without permission of the owner. In
this study the piracy has mainly been used in terms of doing this
act using ICTs.