A\p{Kl¯nsâ

A£chÀj§Ä
^m. tXmakv Ipgn\m¸pd¯nsâ
tcN\mPohnX¯nte¡v Hcp Xnct\m«w
FUnäÀ : ^m. Pq_n Ipgn\m¸pd¯v
{]km[IÀ:
Zn I½oj³ t^mÀ XntbmfPn B³Uv B¹nt¡j³,
Xncph\´]pcw taPÀ AXncq]X

]pkvXI§sf¸änbpÅ
s{]m^. sI. PbcmP³
(kmlnXy \ncq]I³)
]pkvXIw
^mZÀ tXmakv Ipgn\m¸pd¯nsâ ]utcmlnXy PohnX¯neqsSbpw kÀ¤cN\
IfneqsSbpapÅ k©mcamWv "A\p{Kl¯nsâ A£c hÀj§Ä F¶ IrXn.
ssZhtkh\¯n\pw ssZhk¼mZ\¯n\pw ssZhP\ip{iqjbv¡pambn ]qÀWambn
kaÀ¸n¡s¸«XmWv ^mZÀ tXmaknsâ PohnXw. al¯mb B CSbPohnXw
]Ånbnepw IpÀºm\bnepw am{Xw HXp§n \n¡p¶XÃ. Kpcphpw hgnIm«nbpw
{]t_m[I\pamWt±lw. D¶Xamb BZÀi\njvT, aqeyt_m[w, PohImcpWyw,
kmaqlnI {]Xn_²X F¶nh sImïv ^mZÀ tXmakv tIcf¯nsâ B[ymßnIþ
kmaqlnI cwK¯v kz´amsbmcnSw t\SnbXv F§s\sb¶v Cu ]pkvXIw ASbmf
s¸Sp¯p¶p. tXmak¨sâ Bßmhnsâ Ab¡mcmb t{ijvT ]ÞnX·mcpsS
teJ\§fpw Ipdn¸pIfpamWnhnsS tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶Xv. ^mZÀ Pq_n Ipgn\m¸pd¯mWv
FUnäÀ. ]¯\wXn« PnÃbnse im´kpµcamb HmaÃqÀ {Kma¯n tPm¬ tXmakn
sâbpw A¶½ tPmWnsâbpw ]p{X\mbn 1969 G{]n amkw 5 \v ^mZÀ tXmakv P\n¨p.
\mep `mK§fmbmWv Cu ]pkvXIw cq]IÂ]\ sNbvXncn¡p¶Xv. H¶mw `mKamb
"Bßkv]µ\§Ä cNn¨Xv ^mZÀ tXmaknsâ k¬tU k-vIqÄ A²ym]I³ IqSnbmb
{io. tPmbn hfhn BWv. "]caImcpWnI\mb ssZhw temI\·bv¡mbn Fs¶
\ntbmKn¨ncn¡p¶p. B ZuXy\nÀhlW¯n\mbn Rm³ ]cn{ian¡p¶p. tXmak¨sâ
Cu hm¡pIÄ HmÀ½n¸n¨psImïmWv tPmbn hfhn Xsâ teJ\w Bcw`n¡p¶Xv.
IYm\mbIsâ P\\w, {]mYanI hnZym`ymkw, Kpcp¡·mÀ, skan\mcn PohnX
XpS¡w, ss__nÄ `mjm]T\§Ä, thtZm]\njn¯pIÄ, i¦cmNmcyÀ, hnthIm\
µ³ XpS§nbhsc Ipdn¨pÅ ]T\§Ä, doP³kn¡mes¯ CShI kµÀi\§Ä,
sshZnIhkv{Xw kzoIcn¨Xn\p tijw Beph skan\mcnbnse ssZhimkv{X ]T\w,
Ccp]¯ncïmw hbÊn X¿mdm¡nb "]mfw sXäp¶ Iuamcw F¶ ]T\teJ\w.
1998 Â Im\³ \nba D]cn]T\mÀ°w tdmante¡pÅ bm{X. tUmÎÀ Znan{Xntbm-
kv kem¡mkpambpÅ IqSn¡mgvN, ae¦c kpdnbm\n It¯men¡m k`bv¡pthïn
{]tXyI \nba I½nän AwKambpÅ \nba\w, ]uckvXy Im\³ \nba¯nÂ
tUmÎtdäv t\Sp¶Xv, h«nbqÀ¡mhv A\p`h§sf Ahew_n¨v "amXm]nXm¡fpw
a¡fpw Adnbm³ F¶ {KÙw XpS§n tXmak¨sâ IÀ½]Y¯nse kp{][m\
L«§fpw kw`h§fpamWv ]Xn\©[ymb§fnembn tPmbn hfhn AhXcn¸n
¡p¶Xv.
GIm´Xsbbpw ]pkvXI§sfbpw {]Wbn¨ ^mZÀ tXmaknsâ Bgtadnb
kplrZv _Ô§fpw Cu `mKw shfns¸Sp¯p¶p. tXmak¨sâ kzXzcq]oIcW¯nepw
kz`mh cq]oIcW¯nepw kp{][m\ ]¦phln¨ G{_lmw kmÀ, td¨Â Um\ntbÂ
So¨À, hnImcnb¨·mcmb tPmsk^v Xmg¯pho«nÂ, tUhnUv CÃncn¡Â, BÀ¨v
_nj]v amÀ {KotKmdntbmkv, tUmÎÀ sFhm³ kqskIv XpS§nbhcpw ChnsS ]cmaÀ
in¡s¸Sp¶p. ]Ån¡pw A\pjvT\§Ä¡pw A¸pdambn AhicpsSbpw Bew_
lo\cpsSbpw I®oscm¸m³ A£oWw ]cn{ian¡p¶ kmaqlnI ]cnjvIÀ¯mhmbpw
a\pjykvt\lnbmbpw BWv ^mZÀ tXmakv AhXcn¸n¡s¸Sp¶Xv. kmaqlnI þ
kmwk-vImcnIþ cm{ãob cwK¯pÅ \nch[n t{ijvT hyànXz§Ä A¨sâ N§mXn
Ifmbn amdn. Fw. Sn hmkptZh³ \mbÀ, _m_p t]mÄ XpS§nbhcpsS t]cpIÄ
ChnsS {]kàamWv. ]{X{]hÀ¯\ cwK¯pw kz´w hyàn ap{Z ]Xn¸n¨p. ^mZÀ
tXmaknsâ ]utcmlnXy cPX Pq_nen BtLmj¯nsâ hnhcWt¯msSbmWv
BZy `mKw Ahkm\n¡p¶Xv.
tXmak¨sâ k©mc{]nbhpw hnÚm\Zmlhpw shfns¸Sp¯p¶XmWv "bm{X-
IÄ Adnhnsâ ]pXnb shfn¨§Ä F¶ teJ\w. bm{XIÄ XoÀ°mS\§fmbn
Iï ^mZÀ tXmakn\v Ah \ÂInb Bßob A\p`qXnIÄ Gsd {][m\am
bncp¶p. tXmak¨sâ C´y¡I¯pw ]pd¯papÅ bm{XIsf¸än teJnI hniZambn
{]Xn]mZn¡p¶p. {^m³knte¡pÅ bm{X PohnX¯n Hcp hgn¯ncnhmbn Cu
]ptcmlnX³ IcpXp¶p. Cu bm{Xbv¡nSbn eqÀZv, enkyq, ]mcokv, BÀkv XpS§nb
Øe§Ä At±lw kµÀin¨p. enkyphn \n¶pw hm§nb hnip² sIm¨pt{Xky
bpsS "PohNcn{Xw Aaqey \n[nbmbn tXmak¨sâ {KÙtiJc¯n ImWmw.
Atacn¡³ bm{Xbn _Ôpan{XmZnIÄs¡m¸w \bm{Kbpw UNO bpsS BØm\
hpw kµÀin¨Xv PohnX¯n ad¡m\mhm¯ A\p`h§Ä. 2009 se hnip² \mSv
XoÀ°mS\¯n\nSbn CuPn]vXnse lmwKnwKv NÀ¨v, ko\mbv ae, Henhpae, aKvZ-
te\, Keoen ISÂ, sPdpktew, t_Xvetlw F¶o ]pWy Øe§Ä kµÀin¨p.
2014 Â hnip² {^m³knknsâ I_dnSw ØnXnsN¿p¶ AÊoÊnbpw {Kokpw
h¯n¡m\pw kµÀin¡phm\pÅ `mKyw tXmak¨\v e`n¨p. ku¯m{^n¡³ bm{X
bn 1993  amcnäkv_ÀKn Øm]nXamb KmÔn {]Xnabpw s\Âk¬ atïe
Iym]v¨À sskäpw kµÀin¨p. t]mÀ¨pKÃnse ^m¯nam, kvs]bn\nse am{UnUv
XpS§nb ]pWy Øe§fnte¡v \S¯nb bm{XIfpw FSp¯p ]dtbïXmWv. Cu
bm{XmhnhcW§sfÃmw btYãw Nn{X§tfmSv IqSnbhbmbXpsImïv Cu Øe§
fn Hcp kµÀi\w \S¯nb {]XoXn A\phmNI\nte¡v ]Icm³ t]mcp¶hbmWv.
aq¶mw `mKamb "HmÀaIfpsS Nn{Ximebn IpSpw_mwK§Ä, sshZnI
t{ijvT·mÀ, cm{ãob þ kmwk-vImcnI \mbI·mÀ F¶nhÀs¡m¸w ^mZÀ sNehgn¨
AhnkvacWob aplqÀ¯§Ä Iymadbn ]IÀ¯nb Nn{X§fmbn \mw ImWp¶p.
Cu sshZnI t{ijvTsâ \m\m XpdIfnepapÅhcpambpÅ Bgtadnb kvt\l_
Ô§fmWo Nn{X§Ä hnfnt¨mXp¶Xv. CtXmsSm¸w ^mZÀ Xs¶ ]IÀ¯nb Nn{X-
§fpw tNÀ¯n«pïv. hnip² tPm¬ t]mÄ amÀ¸m¸bpsS hnip² \maIcW NS§pw
{Koknse BsX³kv knänbpw CXnepÄs¸Sp¶p.
^mZÀ tXmaknsâ cN\mtemIs¯ hnebncp¯p¶ \memw `mKw lrZyamb
hmb\m\p`hamWv \ÂIp¶Xv. FÃm teJ\§fpw hnÚm\{]Zhpw BkzmZyIchpam-
Wv. temItkh\¯n\pw P\\·bv¡pambn \ntbmKn¡s¸« ^mZÀ tXmaknsâ k`m-
PohnXhpw kÀ¤PohnXhpw ChnsS ]cntim[\bv¡pw hnebncp¯en\pw hnt[bam-
Ip¶p. _lpam\y\mb tXmak¨sâ hninã {K³Y§fmb "ssZhP\w, "Imt\m\nI
]T\§Ä F¶o ]pkvXI§Ä BßobXbpsS Hcmbncw Xncn\mf§Ä sXfn
bn¡p¶Xmbn kpI\y ]mamwtImSv "IrXzm\p`h¯nte¡v Xpd¡p¶ hmXnÂ F¶
teJ\¯n \nco£n¡p¶p. Kl\hpw k¦oÀWhpamb Bib§sf km[mcW¡mÀ¡v
a\knem¡pw hn[w efnXhpw hiyhpamb `mjbn AhXcn¸n¡phm\pÅ A¨sâ
{]mKÂ`ys¯ teJnI ÇmJn¡p¶p. Hmtcm hm¡pw AXoh {i²tbmSmWp]tbm-
Kn¡p¶sX¶pw AXpsImïpXs¶ FÃm hmIy§fpw AXymIÀjI§fpw lrZbm-
hÀÖI§fpambn Xocps¶¶pw kpI\y NqïnImWn¡p¶p. A¨sâ kmlnXy ssien
]ptcmlnXsâ AÃ kmlnXyImctâXmsW¶pw AhÀ FSp¯v ]dbp¶p. "{InkvXzm\p
`h¯nte¡v Xpd¡p¶ hmXnÂ A¨sâ cN\IÄ¡v CXnt\¡mÄ \sÃmcp hnti-
jWw \evIm³ Ignbnsöv kpI\y hnizkn¡p¶p."C\nta Rm\Ã, {InkvXphmWv
F¶n Pohn¡p¶Xv F¶ ]utemkv ÇolmbpsS hm¡pIÄ HmÀabnse¯p¶p.
"A\p{Kl¯nsâ A£chÀj§Ä F¶ ]pkvXI¯n\v {]tXyIXIÄ Gsd
bmWpÅsX¶pw AXv ssZhimkv{X]chpw kmaqlnIhpw Imt\m\nIhpamb
]T\§fnte¡v \bn¡p¶ Hcp Nqïp]eIbmsW¶pw dh. tUm. amXyp NmÀ¯mwIpgn
Nqïn¡mWn¡p¶p. ssZh]cn]me\bn kzbw kaÀ¸n¨pw ssZhP\ tkh\w
\S¯nbpw, {InkvXp Cu `qanbn DZvLmS\w sNbvX ssZhmcmPy¯n\p thïn ^mZÀ
tXmakv Blzm\w sN¿p¶p. {InkvXphnsâ kzÀ¤cmPyw kÀhmtÇjnbmsW¶pw,
\½psS kl\§fn ssZhw \t½msSm¸apsï¶pw tXmak¨³ Nqïn¡mWn¡p¶p.
{InkvXphnsâ Ipcniv kl\¯nsâbpw XymK¯nsâbpw am{Xaà D°m\¯nsâbpw
IqSnbmWv. "ssZhimkv{Xw ]ptcmlnX imkv{Xsa¶ ]cnthjw Agn¨pamän ssZhP\
imkv{Xsa¶ ioÀjIw kzoIcnt¡ïnbncn¡p¶p F¶ ^mZdnsâ hm¡pIfnÂ
Xo£vWamb hn¹h t_m[apÅ DZm¯amb am\hnIXbpw IqSnt¨cp¶p. FÃm¯cw
hn`mKobXIsfbpw sshPmXy§sfbpw AXnewLn¨psImïpÅ kÀÆmtÇjnbmb
sFIy¯nsâbpw kmtlmZcy¯nsâbpw HcpabmWv It¯men¡m k`bpsS e£y
sa¶pw ^mZÀ A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶p.
^mZÀ tXmaknsâ KthjW {]_Ôamb "c£m\nbaw (Salvific Law) s¯¸än
bpÅ "kmÂhn^nIv tem þ Hcp ]T\w F¶ {it²bamb teJ\w FÃm¯cw
hmb\¡mÀ¡pw lrZyamb Hcp hmb\m\p`hw {]Zm\w sN¿pw. ssZh¯nsâ
A\´\·bpsS hyXykvX `mh§fmWv Cu IrXnbpsS ImXse¶v _m_p t]mÄ
Ipdn¡p¶p. ]cnanXnIfpambn P\n¡p¶ a\pjy³ \nXy ku`mKy¯nte¡v {]thin
¡Wsa¶mWv ssZhlnXw. ssZhw Iev]\IÄsImïpw k`m\nba§Ä sImïpw
a\pjy c£bv¡mbn hgnsbmcp¡p¶p. A\oXn¡pw AkaXz¯n\psaXnsc apdhnfn
Iq«p¶hÀ¡v \oXn e`yam¡m\pÅ _m[yX `cWIÀ¯m¡Ä¡pw k`bv¡papsï¶v
^mZÀ hmZn¡p¶p. \nba¯nsâ BXy´nI e£yw a\pjy c£bmWv. k` Hcp ssZhnI
bmYmÀYysa¶Xpt]mse Hcp kmaqlnI bmYmÀYyhpamsW¶ Ipgn\¸pd¯¨sâ
A`n{]mbw teJI³ {]tXyIw FSp¯p ]dbp¶p. "k`bpsS \nba§ÄASnØm\
]cambn a\pjysâ c£bnte¡v \bn¡p¶ D]IcW§fmbncn¡Ww. A§s\
bmIp¶nsæn Ah k`bpsS \nba§Ä Bbncn¡pIbnÃ. ss{IkvXh k`bpsS
c£mIc kz`mh¯neS§nbncn¡p¶ ASnØm\ XXzw CXpXs¶bmsW¶v _m_p
t]mÄ \nco£n¡p¶p.
 "PohnXkv]Àinbmb ssZhimkv{Xw F¶ teJ\¯n tUm. KohÀ¤okv
]Wn¡À "ssZhP\¯nse {]_Ô§sf C§s\bmWv t\m¡nImWp¶Xv. "ssZh
imkv{XÚÀ¡pw hnizmknIÄ¡pw Htct]mse Adnhv ]Icp¶XmWv "ssZhP\
¯nse {]_Ô§Ä. CXneS§nbncn¡p¶ ssZhhnÚm\ob Nn´IÄ PohnX
kv]ÀinbmsW¶pw BbXn\m hnizmknIÄ¡v D]Imc{]ZamsW¶pw teJI³
A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶p.
tXmak¨sâ {][m\ IrXnIsf¸änbpÅ Bgtadnb ]T\amWv s{]m^. ]m¸n
tXmakv hnfhn\mensâ Hcp "Aevamb ho£Ww" F¶ teJ\w. A¨sâ Gähpw
DXvIrã IrXn "ssZhP\w BsW¶pw, {InkvXphns\¡pdn¨pw k`sb¡pdn¨pw P\
s¯¡pdn¨papÅ At±l¯nsâ Bgtadnb Nn´IfpsS ]cnWX ^eamWo IrXn
sb¶pw teJI³ hnebncp¯p¶p. sshZnIcpsSbpw k`bpsSbpw Øm\s¯¸änbpw
D¯chmZXzs¯¸änbpw hyàamb Imgv¨¸mSmWo ]ptcmlnXtâXv. {InkvXp kl-
Pamb kvt\lhpw IcpXepw ]ptcmlnX\v hnizmknItfmSpïmbncn¡Wsa¶pw ^mZÀ
\njvIÀjn¡p¶p. k`bpsS \nba§fpw IqZmiIfpw kÀhP\¯n\pw c£bmbn
`hn¡Ww. hnhml_Ô¯n GÀs¸Sp¶ kv{Xobpw ]pcpj\pw Ahkm\w hsc
kvt\lwsImïpw hnizmkw sImïpw kaÀ¸nXcmbn IgnbWsa¶v "kvt\l¯nsâ
kt´mjw: Hcp k¼qÀW ]T\wF¶ {KÙv¯n ^mZÀ tXmakv D]tZi cqt]W
]dªp Xcp¶p. bph Xeapd ]mfw sXämXncn¡m\pÅ \nÀt±i§fmWv, "]mfw
sXäp¶ Iuamcw, "aqeym[njvTnX hnZym`ymkw: kz`mhhpw {]kànbpw F¶o
teJ\§fneS§nbncn¡p¶Xv. Ip«nIfn kÕz`mhhpw Bßhnizmkhpw
hfÀ¯p¶ Xc¯nepÅ hnZym`ymk coXnbmWv A¨³ Blzm\w sN¿p¶Xv.
Ipgn\m¸pd¯¨s\ anI¨ ssZhimkv{XÚ\mbpw Im\³ \nba hnZKv²
\mbpw Ignhpä kwLmSI³, amXrIm CSb³ F¶o \neIfnepw tUm. Fw. hn. tXmakv
Xsâ {]_Ô¯n t\m¡n ImWp¶p. k`m\nba§fpsS c£mIc kz`mhs¯
apdpsI]nSn¡p¶ tXmak¨³ BXpcip{iqjbv¡v At§bäs¯ {]m[m\yw
\ÂIp¶p. IYm\mbIsâ cN\IfpsS kaImeo\ {]kànbpw {]m[m\yhpw shfns¸
Sp¯p¶XmWv ^m. Um\ntb ]qh®¯nensâ "D¯aamb hmb\m\p`hw F¶
teJ\w. AÔImc¯nemïpInS¡p¶ a\pjy P·§Ä¡v hgnhnf¡pIfmWv A¨sâ
cN\Isf¶v "ssZhP\s¯ \ncq]n¨psImïv ^m.Um\ntb FgpXp¶p. ImÄ dm\À
apXÂ HbÀkn hscbpÅ ssZhimkv{XÚ·mcpsS ZÀi\§sf ]n³]änbpÅ
Xmak¨sâ ho£W§fpw Bib§fpw ]mhs¸«hcpsS I®oscm¸m³ k`sb
t{]cn¸n¡p¶XmWv. Ccp]¯ncïmw hbkn FgpXs¸« "CShI ssZhP\tI{µw
F¶ teJ\¯nsâ ka{KXbpw `mjmssienbpw A\ymZriyamsW¶v ^m. Um\ntbÂ
hnebncp¯p¶p.
XymK]qÀWhpw kmÀ°Ihpamb PohnX¯n\pSabmb amXrIm CSbs\bpw
kmaqlnI {]Xn_²XbpÅ Hcp kÀ¤[\s\bpamWv "A\p{Kl¯nsâ A£c
hÀj§Ä hmb\¡mÀ¡mbn AhXcn¸n¡p¶Xv. FÃm¯cw shÃphnfnIsfbpw
{]Xn_Ô§sfbpw AN©eamb ssZhhnizmkw sImïpw IÀ½[ocX sImïpw
t\cn« Hcp hnPbKmY. am\htkhbmWv bYmÀ° am[htkhsb¶v ^mZÀ Ipgn\m¸pd
¯nsâ Xnf¡amÀ¶ PohnXw km£ys¸Sp¯p¶p. ]utcmlnXy¯nsâ cPX
Pq_nen BtLmjn¡p¶ Cubhkc¯n ^mZÀ tXmaknsâ XymK]qÀWhpw IÀa
\ncXhpamb PohnX¯n\pÅ AwKoImcambpw Cu ]pkvXIs¯ IW¡m¡mw.