METHOD STATEMENT FOR BORED PILES

PILING WORK FOR PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RENAL CARE

TREATMENT UNIT PROVINCIAL GENERAL HOSPITAL – BADULLA

WALKERS PILING (PVT) LTD

No. 18, St. Michael’s Road,
Colombo 03.
Contents
1 FOREWORD .......................................................................................................................................... 2
2 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 3
3 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................... 4
3.1 General .......................................................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Setting out ..................................................................................................................................... 4
3.3 Preparation of site ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4

3.4Temporary casing installation ........................................................................................................ 5

3.5 Drilling Process .............................................................................................................................. 6
3.5.1Boring Record.......................................................................................................................... 6
3.6 Drilling Tools ................................................................................................................................. 7
3.8 Properties of the Boring Fluid ....................................................................................................... 8
3.9Cleaning of Pile Toe........................................................................................................................ 9
3.10 Installation of Reinforcement ................................................................................................... 10
3.12Concreting .................................................................................................................................. 11
3.12.1 Installing Tremie pipe ......................................................................................................... 11
3.12.2 De Sanding ......................................................................................................................... 12
3.12.3 Concrete Cubes .................................................................................................................. 12
3.13Treatment of Bentonite and Withdrawal of Temporary Casings .............................................. 12
4. HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN ............................................................................................................... 13
5.QA/QC PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................................... 14
Annex I: Piling Sequence ....................................................................................................................... 15
Annex III : Flow Chart of Boring ........................................................................................................... 16

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1 FOREWORD
This Method Statement (MS) was prepared on the request of the client/Engineer and is therefore
designated for the exclusive use of the party it is prepared for.
The purpose of this Method Statement is to demonstrate the method and application of Walkers Piling
for typical site condition and which resources are generally necessary to perform the project. All data
used are either data gathered from various documents or verbal information provided by the
client/Engineer or assumed by us to be able to complete the Method Statement.
The MS is provided to the client/Engineer free of any consideration and as a guide only. The
client/Engineer shall check all the data used and recommendations made and come to their own
conclusion as to adopt the system proposed or use other or improved methods.

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2 INTRODUCTION
Piles are used to transmit surface loads to lower levels in the soil mass. This condition provides by
vertical distribution of the load along pile shaft or a direct application of load to a lower stratum through
the pile point. A vertical distribution of the load is constituted using a friction pile and a direct load
application is constituted by a point or end-bearing pile. The proportion of carrying capacity generated
by either end bearing or skin friction depends on the soil conditions. Piles can be used to support various
different types of structural loads.
End bearing piles are those which terminate in hard, relatively impenetrable material such as rock or
very dense sand and gravel. They derive most of their carrying capacity from the resistance of the
stratum at the toe of the pile.

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3 METHODOLOGY
3.1 General

The working sequence for the construction of bored piles with temporary casing comprises the
following key elements:
1. Setting out the pile location
2. Temporary casing installation
3. Excavation of the pile borehole
4. Pile Cleaning
5. Reinforcement Installation
6. De sanding
7. Concreting
8. Temporary casing removal

3.2 Setting out

The site will be leveled and compacted in order to provide a firm level platform for the piling equipment.
The pile locations will be set out accurately using suitable surveying techniques and clearly marked
using steel pins which will be hammered into the ground. The correct position of the drilling stand-pipe
will be ensured by 03 no. steel reference pins located equidistant from the pile location pin. The distance
between the reference pins and the steel casing is measured so that the correct position of the steel
casing is achieved. The verticality of the steel casing is checked with a spirit level in two perpendicular
directions.
1. Setting out shall be carried out from the grid lines from the employer.

2. Set out pile location in accordance with the engineer’s working using a total station with
the accuracy required.

3. Maximum permissible deviations;

Pile center: 75mm
3.3 Preparation of site
1. The relevant information shall be obtained before commencement of work such as: local
society and community, local religion, construction policy and stipulations, material and
machine market, local human resource. In advance, the project execute team shall get well
known of proposed geological report, circumstance, traffic condition, design request,
specification, related requirement and employer’s expectation.

2. Organizing a technical meeting to assure all requests in drawing shall be cleared and
satisfied.

3. Access road, cleared site and sanitary facilities shall be available before rigs mobilization.

4. Necessary facilities including Water supply, electric power, night illumination, safe
facilities shall be ready for using.

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3.4 Temporary casing installation

1. Steel casing installation in dry area.

2. In stable soils a casing may be omitted during excavation. In soils liable to flow into the
borehole, a temporary casing shall be used

3. Thickness of Casing plate shall be 8mm-12mm, and casing length very according to the
location. Considering bore hole logs and will decide the casing length as per the soil
condition of the ground.

4. Two lifting rings shall be casted on top of casing to stabilize installation and extracting

5. Casing will be installed carefully by Boring Rig during installation, central point of casing
must be inspected at all time. Top of casing shall be minimum 400mm higher from prepared
ground level.

6. Casing installation shall be accurate and strong. Deviation of the casing center from the
pile center shall less 75mm in any direction.

7. After casing positioned, immediately, abundant natural soil will be piled around the casing
and compacted carefully to prevent any displacement during drilling.

8. Subsequent operation after casing installation should be approved from engineer.

9. Casing top measured with reference to TBM values.

10. In any case where bored hole penetrates through large depths of any collapsible soil, the
length of steel casing will be extended as followed procedure;
a. Sections of steel casing shall be water-tight jointed by welding and formed well as
required length before installation
b. The casing will be driven in using Boring Rig.
c. During casing driven, verticality and central line shall be monitored in all time.
d. Driving will be terminated after required depth made.
e. Top level of casing shall be maintained minimum 400mm height from natural
ground.

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3.5 Drilling Process
3.5.1Boring Record
The boring progress shall be recorded in the approved record sheet from engineer, and such
record shall include described strata information. The complete record shall include Following
Details;

 Pile Reference Number

 Location
 Pile Type
 Nominal cross sectional dimensions or diameter
 Nominal size of under-ream
 Standing ground water level
 Date and times of boring
 Date of concreting
 Ground level at commencement of installation of pile
 Working level
 Depth from working level to base of pile
 Base level
 Depth from working level to top of pile
 Length of temporary casing
 Length of permanent casing
 Soil samples taken and in situ tests carried out
 Length and details of reinforcement
 Concrete mix
 Volume of concrete supplied to the pile where this can be measured in practice.
 All information regarding obstructions, delays and other interruptions to the sequence of work
 Details of drilling mud, when used
 Details of tremie construction, when used
 Any other information required by the Engineer

During boring, the sample should be distributed in the sample box. The sample will be
stored in a given place with marked label.

1. Sampling shall be carried out for each bore hole at 1.5 m intervals. After drilling up to
the weathered rock layer / rock layer the samples should be collected every 0.5m.Within
2m above the design level the sample should be collected as per the engineer’s
requirement.

2. The definition of hard rock level shall be consulted and approved by the engineer.

3. Up to design level, if the consultant geological engineer instructs to drilling more depth
than the design level and meanwhile the rock cannot be found the samples should be
collected every 0.5m. The written instruction should be given by consultant geological
engineer otherwise we should submit the CVI sheet.

4. All the samples will put into the small bags with marked label without any foreign
materials.

5. WPL will manage construction noise and vibration during the piling work in the
Project.

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3.6 Drilling Tools

The rotary drilling tools shall be provided as per soil investigation report and be selected for usage
according to the soil conditions encountered at depth. For excavating very hard layers or when working
in dry conditions rock bucket should be used. It is good practice to have a core barrel on site as a standby
tool for attempting to penetrate through hard layers. All tools have to be supplied with sufficient teeth.
The quality and wear on the teeth has to be checked regularly and teeth have to be replaced if they are
worn out or lost to ensure sufficient working progress.

Figure 2 -Rotary Drilling Tools

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 Figure 3-BG 25 Drilling rig while working at the Project

3.7. Properties of the Boring Fluid

3.7.1 Properties of the Bentonite Slurry

The Bentonite slurry consists of uniform mixture of the selected Bentonite in water. Parameters of
drilling fluid are as follows;

Slurry Property Targets

Sand Content
(Percentage by
Stages
Relative Density Viscosity (sec.) volume at 300mm pH
from bottom of
bore)
Fresh 1.05 - 1.15 30 - 90 - 7.0 – 10.5
Before concreting 1.05 - 1.25 30 - 90 4% -
pH indicator
Mud density
Test Method Marsh cone API Sand content kit paper strips
balance

Table 1- Property of Bentonite Slurry

Before boring commence, drilling fluid should be mixed using BM 1000 plant. If the density of mud
exceeds specified parameters above, more water will be added to meet specification requirement,
otherwise will be replaced by fresh bentonite.

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A bentonite reservoir; providing a constant supply of bentonite slurry during drilling of a pile. The head
of the drilling mud inside the bore hole during the entire drilling process should be maintained above
the outside static ground water level. The difference between the elevation of the pile top level of the
drilling mud inside the borehole and the elevation of the static ground water level outside the bore hole
should be adjusted to apply an adequate pressure on the sides of the borehole to avoid collapsing of the
side or prevent water entering the borehole.

The frequency of testing drilling mud at the very least shall be carried out at the time of mixing
the mud, prior to commencing the daily boring operations and fresh pile bore and prior to
placing concrete.

3.8 Cleaning of Pile Toe

The pile base will be cleaned according to the Specifications. Cleaning buckets may be used to achieve
an acceptable condition for removing of mud, large rock partials and other impurities.

Figure 5-Cleaning Bucket

Main Purpose: Cleaning the bottom of the bore hole

After boring for the required depth, the cleaning bucket will be used to remove the debris at pile toe.

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3.9 Installation of Reinforcement
1. Reinforcement cages will be fabricated on site according to the requirement

2. Reinforcement cage will be lifted with truck crane, maintained vertical stability,
concentrated with central of hole and then placed into borehole carefully. Placement shall
be terminated if obstructed.

3. The first unit cage shall be supported at top of borehole by two pieces of steel beam.
Subsequent cage would be suspended by truck crane and jointed with previous. Since full
length of reinforcement cage is installed in borehole as designed, two lifting lugs (2 steel
rods of same diameter of vertical bars) would be welded at top of cage. And full length of
cage shall be suspended with supporter at top of borehole.

4. Assure the reinforcement cage would be positioned and moved to level as required. Bottom
of cage shall have an elevation of 150 mm from borehole bottom with permissible deviation
of 75mm.

5. Before approval from engineer, the installed cage shall be inspected by site engineer and
recorded.

The reinforcement cage will be fabricated according to the drawings. Spot welding may be used to give
the cage adequate rigidity and to avoid any danger during the lifting operation. To avoid unnecessary
lapping, possible cut piece of reinforcement bars will be used. The reinforcement cage sections will be
connected to one cage at the borehole using spot welding or wire rope clips. Long cages have to be
supported during the lifting operation. Circular concrete spacers in same grade of the concrete will be
used to provide adequate concrete cover as per drawings. After assembly to its full length the cage will
be lowered into the borehole to its final depth. The spacers will be placed at locations as indicated on
the drawings. The minimum concrete cover shall be as per drawing (75mm to 100mm), 4Nos at each
locations which are not more than 3m intervals along the rebar cage.

Figure 6 -Rebar Cage Installation

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3.10Concreting

3.10.1 Installing Tremie pipe

Tremie pipes will be installed into the pile bore to the pile toe. The tremie pipes will be internally free
of any old and hardened concrete as to allow for a smooth concreting procedure. O-rings may have to
be inserted to the joints of the tremie pipes to ensure adequate water tightness and air tightness.

Figure 8 -Tremie Pipe Systems

The trimie shall be made of steel pipe, having a diameter of 250 mm-300mm. The tremie shall be
equipped with short sections of 0.5m, 1.0m, 2.0m and rest in 3.0m length. Tremie sections shall be fitted
with steel cables which is water tight with O – rings and duct tape
The tremie shall be placed 300mm from the bottom of the borehole, before concreting.

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3.10.2 De Sanding

Figure 10-De sander

3.10.3 Concrete Cubes

Eight cubes shall be made from a single batch when required for each 50m3 of concrete or
each pile. The rubes shall be cured and tested as required. One shall be tested at an age of
7days and the other three at 28days.

Slump test should be carried out regular on site to check workability.

Minimum 03 nos. of concrete cubes would be casted for each truck (minimum 06 nos. for each pile)

Concrete cubes compressive testing will be witnessed and approved by engineer.

3.11Treatment of Bentonite and Withdrawal of Temporary Casings

Once the concrete pouring has been completed, the temporary casing will be withdrawn by the Boring
rig or crane. Bentonite will be pumped from the pile as concrete displaces the fluid. The Bentonite will
be cleaned in a de-sanding system, which has adequate capacity to allow the cleaning before its return
to the storage tank.

1. The temporary casing below the ground surface or the pile top shall be withdrawn
immediately after concrete placing. The removable casing part over ground surface can
only be removed after the newly placed concrete reaches initial set. When concrete is placed
with the casing throughout the whole pile length, the removal of casing shall be carried out
by successively withdrawing it, with the casing bottom remaining 1 m to 2m below the
surface of newly deposited concrete.

2. The displacement or distortion of reinforcement during concreting and also while extracting
the casing shall be avoided. Such extracting will be carried out slowly and crane cable will
be maintained vertically during lifting. And such activities will be observed by assigned
agents during extracting.

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4. HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
Main objective of our company Safety Policy is based on following two concepts.

 Introducing of impotency of safety work environment to all employees, sub -

contractors, service personnel and others who engage in company activities.
 Introducing of impotency of keeping of good health and good mental condition at
every time.
In order to achieve the above goal successfully, the company determine to implement
the following activities.

1. Giving high priority for the employees’ safety in all categories and others who
engage in company activities.
2. Giving high priority for the employees’ safety in all categories and others who
engage in company activities.
3. Take step to create an accident free environment.
4. Providing of safe equipment and implementing of safety program.
5. Providing of training to work in safe manner to employees and others who
engage in company activities.
6. Providing of training to work in safe manner to employees and others who
engage in company activities.
7. Educate to everybody that everybody is responsible for safety.
8. Periodically review, upgrading developing of the safety procedure, safety
regulation and law of the company.

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5. QA/QC PROCEDURE
Quality control of concrete
 Slump test
 Cube compressive test (after 7days and 28days)
Quality control of pile position.
 After inserting the casing, center will be checked by total station
Following check list will be recorded for pile quality control.
1. Surveying and setting out of the pile.
2. Drilling time
3. Pile depth and levels
4. Concrete volume
5. R/F details
6. Trimme details
7. Record of pile concreting.

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Annex I: Piling Sequence

Figure 1 - Typical Pile Construction

Sequence with Bentonite

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 Annex III : Flow Chart of Boring

Setting out

Casing In stallation

Position reviewed and approved by Engineer

Rig in Position Bentonite Mixing/Polymer

Soil boring and rock socketing Supply bentonite/Polymer to the

bore hole

Boring Termination and

approved by Engineer

Cleaning of Borehole
Reinforcement steel work

Borehole approved by Engineer

Reinforcement cage
approved by the Engineer
Reinforcement Cage & sonic tube Placing

Cage installation Approved by Engineer

Tremie Installing

Concrete Mixing
De sanding

Testing of Bentonite Slum Test

Underwater Concreting

Concreting Completed and approved by Engineer

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