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LOGICAL REASONING

BLOOD RELATIONS
 OVERVIEW

❑ Understand the concept

❑ Learn family tree
❑ Tricks
❑ Different questions

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 CONCEPT

❑ Blood relation shows the different relations among the members of a family.
❑ Blood relation forms an important part of the reasoning section in most of the competitive
exams.
❑ Based on the information given, you are required to find the relation between particular
members of the family.
❑ Scoring marks in this topic is easier as compared to many other topics in the reasoning
section. So, you must be well versed with types of relations that exist in a family.

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 STEPS AND TIPS

Step 1: The first and foremost step is to choose the two persons among whom the relationship is

to be established.

Step 2: Now once you have chosen the two persons, pin-point the intermediate relationship

between two persons, i.e. such relationship through which long drawn relationship can be

established between the required persons.

Step 3: In the end, conclude the relationship between two required persons.

“Keep in mind that from a person's name, we cannot judge the gender of that person.

The name doesn't always show the gender beyond a reasonable doubt.”

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 Maternal Grand Parents Paternal Grand Parents

Maternal Paternal

Uncle Aunt Mother Father Uncle Aunt

Siblings

Wife Me Sister-in-law Brother Sister Brother-in-law

Cousin Cousin

Son-in-law

Daughter-in-law
Daughter Son

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Grand Daughter Grand Son
 TIPS & TRICKS
❑ Always read carefully, whose relation is being asked.

❑ Male can be represented as

❑ Female can be represented as

❑ Relation between parents and children can be represented as

❑ Relation between siblings can be represented as

❑ Finally, the relation between husband and wife can be represented as

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❑ Q and R are brothers. How is P related to S?

Q R
P Q R
❑ ii) P is the wife of Q.

Q P T S

❑ iii) T is the brother of S.

T S
S is the daughter of R who is the brother of Q. Q

❑ iv) S is the daughter of R. is the Husband of P.

R Hence sister in law of the father is aunt.
Therefore, P is aunt of S

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Pointing to a photograph, Vipul said, "She is the daughter of my paternal grandfather’s only
son." How is Vipul related to the girl in the photograph?

GF

V S

Answer:-
My paternal grandfather's only son -- My father.
So, the girl is the daughter of Vipul's father i.e., Vipul is the girl’s brother

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Looking at a portrait of a man, Harsh said, "His mother is the wife of my father's son. Brothers
and sisters I have none." At whose portrait was Harsh looking?

M Harsh

Man
Answer:-
Since Harsh has no brother or sister, so he is his father's only son.

Now, wife of my father's son -- my wife.

So, Harsh's wife is the man's mother or the man is Son of Harsh.
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If Neena says, "Anita`s father Raman is the only son of my father-in-law Mahipal", then how is Bindu,
who is the sister of Anita, related to Mahipal?

R N

A B

Answer:-
Only son of Neena's father-in-law Mahipal -- Neena's husband.

So, Raman is Neena's husband and Anita and Bindu are his daughters.

Thus, Bindu is the granddaughter of Mahipal.

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Pointing to a girl in the photograph, Amar said, "Her mother`s brother is the only son of my
mother's father." How is the girl`s mother related to Amar?

M B

A G
Answer:-
Only son of Amar's mother's father -- Amar's maternal uncle.

Thus, the girl's mother is Amar's mother.

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EXERCISE QUESTIONS
 A is the son of B. C, B’s sister has a son D and a daughter E. F is the maternal uncle of D.
How is E related to F?

B C F

A D E

Answer:-
E is the daughter of C and D is the son of C.

So, F, who is the maternal uncle of D, is also the maternal uncle of E.

Thus, E is the niece of F.

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i. In a family of six persons A, B, C, D, E and F, there are two married couples.
ii. D is grandmother of A and mother of B
iii. C is wife of B and mother of F.
iv. F is the granddaughter of E.
D E
What is C to A?

B C
Answer:-
C is the wife of B and D is mother of B.
A F
So, C is the mother of A.

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 Pointing to a man on the stage, Rita said, "He is the brother of the daughter of the wife of my
husband.“ How is the man on the stage related to Rita?

H R

Answer:- D B
Wife of husband -- Herself,

Brother of daughter -- Son.

So, the man is Rita's son

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 Pointing to a photograph, a person tells his friend, "She is the granddaughter of the elder brother of
my father.” How is the girl in the photograph related to this man?

B F

G
Answer:-

Brother of father -- Uncle;

Uncle's granddaughter -- daughter of uncle's son -- daughter of cousin

Niece.

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 P’s father’s sister’s father is Q. How is Q related to P?

F S

Answer:- P

P’s father’s sister is P’s aunt. Her father is

P’s father’s father.
Therefore Q is grandfather of P.

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 E is the son of A. D is the son of B. E is married to C. C is B's daughter.
How is D related to E?
A B

E C D

Answer:-
C is B's daughter and D is B's son. So, D is the brother of C.
E is a male married to C. So, E is the husband of C, whose brother is D.
So, D is the brother-in-law of E.

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 A man pointing to a photograph says, “The lady in the photograph is my nephew’s maternal
grandmother.” How is the lady in the photograph related to the man’s sister who has no
other sister?
L

M S

Answer:- N
Clearly, the lady is the grandmother of man’s sister’s son.
i.e., the mother of the mother of man’s sister’s son.
i.e., the mother of man’s sister.
So, the lady is man’s mother.

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 Pointing to a photograph, a lady tells Pramod, “I am the only daughter of this lady and her
son is your maternal uncle.” How is the speaker related to Pramod’s father?

U L

P
Answer:-
Clearly, the speaker’s brother is Pramod’s maternal uncle.
So, the speaker is Pramod’s mother or his father’s wife.

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 Pointing to a gentleman, Deepak said, “His only brother is the father of my daughter’s father.” How
is the gentleman related to Deepak?

F B

Answer:- G

Father of Deepak’s daughter’s father – Deepak’s father.

So, the man’s brother is Deepak’s father
or the man is the brother of Deepak’s father i.e.,
Deepak’s uncle.

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 Rita told Mani, “The girl I met yesterday at the beach was the youngest daughter of the brother–in–
law of my friend’s mother.” How is the girl related to Rita’s friend?

B S M

D
F
Answer:-
Daughter of brother–in–law – Niece;
Mother’s niece – Cousin.
So, the girl is the cousin of Rita’s friend.

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 A is the son of C; C and Q are sisters; Z is the mother of Q and P is the son of Z. Which of the
following statements is true?
a. P and A are cousins
Z
b. P is the maternal uncle of A
c. Q is the maternal grandfather of A.
d. C and P are sisters
C Q P

Answer:-
C and Q are sisters and A is the son of C.
Hence, C is the mother of A or Z is the mother Q.
Hence, Z is the maternal grandmother of A.
P is the son of Z. Hence, P is the maternal uncle of A.

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 If X + Y means X is the daughter of Y; X - Y means X is the brother of Y; X % Y means X is the
father of Y and X x Y means X is the sister of Y. Which of the following means
I is the niece of J?

a. J-N%CxI
b. IxC-N%J J
N
c. J+MxC%I
d. IxC+N–J
I C

Answer:-
I x C → I is the sister of C
C + N → C is the daughter of N and
N - J → N is the brother of I.
Hence, I is niece of J.
IxC+N–J
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 Pointing to Gopi, Nalni says, "I am the daughter of the only son of his grandfather." How Nalni is
related to Gopi?
X

G N

Answer:-
Nalni is the daughter of the only son of Gopi's grandfather.
Hence, it's clear that Nalni is the sister of Gopi.

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THANK YOU