Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana

Laboratory for Electrical Networks and Devices Year: 2018/19

Laboratory exercise 3
Short circuit in isolated network

Based on the three-phase line diagram from the figure 1 assemble the network model using the
miniature laboratory model of the network elements.
The length of all cables together should be between 50 and 100 km. The neutral point of the
secondary-side of the 110/20 kV transformer should be isolated. Perform the phase-to-ground short
circuit as shown in the figure 2.
In the second part of the lab practice build the equivalent network circuit within the PSCad
simulation software and perform short-circuits for different grounding of the system.

3x Iphase 3x Uphase

Z Z L1
L1 – L2 – L3 TR L2
110/20 kV L3
PE N
N
1x Iks
Cable 1 Cable 1

Z
Network
110 kV
Sk''
Cable 2

Figure 1: 3-phase block diagram.

L1

L2
L3
Line-to-ground
Short-circuit

Figure 2: Single-phase-to-ground short circuit.

1) Tasks with the laboratory model:

 Using oscilloscope measure:
o All 3 phase-voltages at the point of SC before and during the occurrence of the SC
(measure amplitude and phase angles)
o Network current at the secondary side of the transformer before and during
occurrence of the SC,
o Short-circuit current.
 Import the measurements into Matlab, draw the voltage and current graphs and compare
the waveforms before and during SC
 Draw the phasors of the phase voltages and the short-circuit current (one phase) at the point
of SC and define the
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana
Laboratory for Electrical Networks and Devices Year: 2018/19

 Based on the network parameters calculate the expected short-circuit current and compare
it with the measured one.

2) Simulation model tasks:

 Build the simulation model based on the circuit used with the previous task (use identical
electric parameters and topology), measure the same variables and simulate short-circuit
conditions for:
o Isolated network,
o Directly grounded network,
o Network grounded through resistance (Isc = 150 A),
o Grounded through Peterson’s reactor (Calculate the appropriate value).

 Draw the diagram of voltage and current before and during each type of SC.
o Plot the diagrams and use them in report,
o Compare the results of the miniature lab model and simulation model.

Equations:

I  jCU U  jL I

 
I  CU  i  u  U  LI u   i 
2 2

Questions:

1. Why is the resonant grounding system used predominantly with cable networks?